Hindiston ishlari bo'yicha komissarlar - Commissioners for Indian Affairs
The Hindiston ishlari bo'yicha komissarlar mustamlakachilarning bir guruh amaldorlari edi Albani, Nyu-York tartibga solish bilan ayblangan mo'yna savdosi va bilan ishlash Iroquois.[1]
Tarix
Dastlab mahalliy sudlar norasmiy ravishda faoliyat yuritib, ushbu vazifalarni o'zlarining rasmiy vazifalari doirasida bajarganlar.[2] 1685 yilda, Gubernator Andros ilgari ushbu vazifalarni bajargan mansabdor shaxslar, komissarlar kengashini tashkil qildi.[3]
Ushbu tizim Olbani shahriga gubernator tomonidan berilgan nizom bilan tasdiqlangan Tomas Dongan 1686 yilda. 1696 yilda gubernator Benjamin Fletcher magistratlarni qabul qilish uchun to'rt kishidan iborat mustaqil kengashni tayinladi: Piter Shuyler, Dirck Wesselse Ten Broeck, Domin Godfrey Dellius va Evert Bancker. 1698 yilda Gubernator Bellomont mustaqil guruhni tarqatib yubordi va shahar hokimiyatiga o'z vazifalarini tikladi. Shundan so'ng, komissarlar gubernatordan maxsus komissiya qabul qilishdi. Davomida Shoh Jorjning urushi (1744–1748), Gubernator Klinton Komissarlarning vakolatlarini oldindan ko'rib chiqdi va tayinlandi Ser Uilyam Jonson Iroquois bilan kurashish.[2]
Komissarlarga Hindiston ishlari bo'yicha kotib. 1686 yilgacha kotib lavozimini kotib to'ldirgan Rensselaersvaykning manbai. Robert Livingston 1675 yilda ushbu lavozimga tayinlangan. Kichik Robert Livingston 1710 yilda amakisidan olgan, keyin esa Filipp Livingston 1725 yildan 1749 yilgacha. Piter Vraksol 1750 yildan 1759 yilgacha kotib bo'lgan. Witham Marshe 1759 yildan kotib bo'lgan.
Davomida Amerika inqilobi Britaniya hukumati Hindiston ishlarini boshqarishni mustamlakachilar zimmasiga oldi va komissarlar o'z faoliyatini to'xtatdilar.
Komissarlarning ro'yxati
| Yo'q | Nomlangan shaxs | Tug'ilgan yil | O'lim yili | Jami xizmat (yil) | Komissiyalar sanalari[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Evert Bancker | 1665 | 1734 | 20 | 1696, 1706, 1710, 1720, 1724, 1726, 1728, 1729, 1732 |
| 2 | Jon Bekman | 3 | 1752, 1754 | ||
| 3 | Xendrik Bleker | 2 | 1752 | ||
| 4 | Yoxannes Bleker, kichik | 1668 | 1738 | 4 | 1720 |
| 5 | Nikolas Bleker | 14 | 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734, 1742, 1745 | ||
| 6 | Rutger Bleker | 1675 | 1756 | 17 | 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734, 1739, 1742, 1745 |
| 7 | Arent Bradt | 3 | 1739 | ||
| 8 | Edvard Klark | 1 | 1738 | ||
| 9 | Edvard Kollinz | 1704 | 1753 | 11 | 1734, 1739, 1742, 1745 |
| 10 | Jon Kollinz | 1670 | 1728 | 8 | 1720, 1724, 1726 |
| 11 | Kapitan Kornuell | 2 | 1726 | ||
| 12 | Avraam Kuyler | 1663 | 1747 | 14 | 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734, 1742, 1745 |
| 13 | Kornelis Kuyler | 1697 | 1765 | 14 | 1734, 1739, 1742, 1745, 1752, 1754 |
| 14 | Yoxannes Kyuyler | 1661 | 1740 | 22 | 1706, 1710, 1715, 1720, 1724, 1726, 1728, 1732 |
| 15 | Yoxannes De Peyster III | 11 | 1734, 1739, 1742, 1742, 1745 | ||
| 16 | Uilyam Dik | 4 | 1734 | ||
| 17 | Ryer Gerritse | 1675 | 1752 | 10 | 1728, 1729, 1732, 1742, 1745 |
| 18 | Jeykob Glen | 7 | 1734, 1739 | ||
| 19 | Piter Groenendik | 2 | 1752 | ||
| 20 | Stephanus Groesbeck | 1662 | 1744 | 17 | 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734, 1739, 1742, 1745 |
| 21 | Xendrik Xansen | 1665 | 1724 | 14 | 1710, 1712, 1715, 1720 |
| 22 | Yoxannes Xansen | 1695 | 1756 | 2 | 1754 |
| 23 | Edvard Golland | 1702 | 1756 | 6 | 1734, 1738, 1739 |
| 24 | Genri Golland | 1661 | 1736 | 16 | 1706, 1720, 1724, 1728, 1729, 1732 |
| 25 | Yoxannes Lansing | 4 | 1728, 1729 | ||
| 26 | Jon Lansing, kichik | 1687 | 1742 | 14 | 1734, 1739, 1742, 1745, 1752 |
| 27 | Jon Lindsi | 1751 | 1 | 1738 | |
| 28 | Filipp Livingston | 23 | 1720, 1724, 1726, 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734, 1738, 1742, 1745 | ||
| 29 | Kapitan Norris | 2 | 1726 | ||
| 30 | Jon Rennselaer | 2 | 1754 | ||
| 31 | Johannes Roseboom | 1661 | 1745 | 8 | 1710. 1728, 1729, 1732 |
| 32 | Jon Rezerford | 4 | 1742, 1745 | ||
| 33 | Barent Sanders | 1678 | 1757 | 6 | 1728, 1729, 1732 |
| 34 | Robert Sanders | 1705 | 1765 | 2 | 1752 |
| 35 | Yoxannes Shuyler | 1668 | 1747 | 16 | 1715, 1729, 1734, 1739 |
| 36 | Yoxannes Shuyler-kichik. | 1697 | 1746 | 8 | 1734, 1739 |
| 37 | Myndert Shuyler | 1672 | 1755 | 35 | 1706, 1710, 1712, 1715, 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734, 1739, 1742, 1745, 1752, 1754 |
| 38 | Piter Shuyler | 1657 | 1724 | 20 | 1691, 1696, 1706, 1715, 1720 |
| 39 | Filipp Shuyler | 1695 | 1745 | 10 | 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734 |
| 40 | Dirck Ten Broeck | 1686 | 1751 | 16 | 1729, 1732, 1734, 1738, 1739, 1742, 1745 |
| 41 | Xendrik Ten Eyk | 7 | 1739, 1742, 1745 | ||
| 42 | Jeykob Koenraedt Ten Eyk | 1705 | 1793 | 3 | 1752, 1754 |
| 43 | Piter Van Bryu | 1666 | 1740 | 28 | 1706, 1710, 1712, 1715, 1720, 1724, 1726, 1728, 1729, 1732 |
| 44 | Devid Van Deyk | 2 | 1724 | ||
| 45 | Xendrik van Rensselaer | 1667 | 1740 | 17 | 1706, 1724, 1726, 1729, 1732, 1734 |
| 46 | Jeremiah Van Rensselaer | 13 | 1728, 1729, 1732, 1734, 1734 | ||
| 47 | Stiven Van Rensselaer II | 2 | 1745 | ||
| 48 | Sybrant G. Van Sheick | 1708 | 1774 | 3 | 1752, 1754 |
| 49 | Evert Vendell | 8 | 1724, 1728, 1728, 1732 | ||
| 50 | Hermanus Vendell | 6 | 1728, 1729, 1732 | ||
| 51 | Yoxannes Vendell | 6 | 1720, 1724 | ||
| 52 | Piter Winne | 1690 | 1759 | 4 | 1739, 1754 |
| 53 | Albany komendanti | 6 | 1738, 1739, 1752 | ||
| 54 | Albani assambleyasi a'zosi | 3 | 1738, 1752 | ||
| 55 | Uchrashuv uchun a'zo Livingston Manor | 2 | 1752 | ||
| 56 | Uchrashuv uchun a'zo Rensselaersvayk | 3 | 1738, 1752 | ||
| 57 | Uchrashuv uchun a'zo Schenectady | 3 | 1738, 1752 | ||
| 58 | Nyu-York maslahatchilari | 5 | 1739, 1752 |
Shuningdek qarang
Adabiyotlar
- ^ a b Rhoden, Nensi L. (2014). Inglizcha Atlantika qayta ko'rib chiqildi: Yan K. Stilni sharaflovchi insholar. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. 240-243 betlar. ISBN 9780773560406. Olingan 7 sentyabr 2017.
- ^ a b Sturtevant, Uilyam C. (1988). Shimoliy Amerika hindulari uchun qo'llanma: hind-oq munosabatlar tarixi. Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari hukumatining bosmaxonasi.
- ^ Treliz, Allen V. (1997). Hindiston ishlari Nyu-Yorkdagi mustamlaka: XVII asr. Nebraska universiteti matbuoti. ISBN 080329431X.