Libertad (tanga) - Libertad (coin)
Meksika | |
| Massa | 31,1 g (1,0.)troy oz ) |
|---|---|
| Diametri | 40 mm (1,58 dyuym) |
| Qalinligi | 3,0 mm (0,12 dyuym) |
| Yon | Reed |
| Tarkibi | 99.9% Ag |
| Yil zarb qilingan yillar | 1982 - hozirgi kungacha |
| Old tomon | |
 | |
| Dizayn | Meksika gerbi ushbu ramzning 10 ta o'tgan versiyalari bilan o'ralgan holda. |
 | |
| Dizayn | Meksikaning gerbi aks etgan 1982-1999 yildagi versiya |
| Teskari | |
 | |
| Dizayn | Uch tomonning to'rtburchak ko'rinishi Mustaqillik farishtasi vulqonlar bilan Popocatépetl va Iztaccíhuatl fonda |
 | |
| Dizayn | 1982-1995 yillarda Popocatépetl va Iztaccíhuatl vulqonlari bilan Mustaqillik farishtasining frontal ko'rinishini aks ettiruvchi versiya. |
The Libertad tangalar kumush va oltin tanga tangalari kelib chiqishi Meksika va tomonidan zarb qilingan Meksika La Casa de Moneda (Meksika zarbxonasi). Meksika zarbxonasi 1535 yilda tashkil topgan va Amerikadagi eng qadimgi zarbxonadir. The zamonaviy tangalar tarkibida 99,9% kumush yoki oltin (.999) mavjud noziklik ) va har xil o'lchamlarda mavjud. Ikkala metall tangalar ham dizayn o'zgarishiga duch keldi. 1989 yilda 35001⁄4 untsiya Libertad platina tangalar ishlab chiqarildi. Libertadlar nominal qiymatdan mahrum, ammo hali ham valyuta sifatida qabul qilinadi va oltin yoki kumush tarkibidagi bozor narxidan kelib chiqib, Meksika banki tomonidan kafolatlanadi.
Külçe versiyasiga qo'shimcha ravishda, a dalil va ikkala metalning teskari isbot versiyalari maxsus kollektorlar uchun ishlab chiqarilgan. Tasdiqlangan tangalarda jilolangan fon bilan muzli farishta mavjud. Buning teskari dalili aksincha va muzli fon bilan sayqallangan farishtaga ega. Antik qoplama kumush rangda mavjud va uni kollektsionerlar ham izlashadi. Antiqiy qoplama tangalarga tafsilotlarni yo'qotmasdan keksa ko'rinish beradi. Antikvar qoplamasi odatda qorong'i rangga o'xshagan qismlarni aks ettiradi. Isbotlovchi va antiqa tangalar nisbatan kam miqdorda zarb qilingan va odatdagi tanga tanga nisbatan chiroyli va qimmatroq hisoblanadi.
Dizayn
Old tomon: The Meksika gerbi bilan ko'rsatilgan Meksikalik oltin burgut a nok kaktus yutmoq a jingalak ilon. Ushbu tasavvur asos solishga tegishli Tenochtitlan, Bugungi kun Mexiko. Gerb xudo joylashgan afsonadan kelib chiqqan Huitzilopochtli aytdi Azteklar odamlar o'z shaharlarini qurish uchun qaerda burgut kaktus tepasida ilon yeyayotganini ko'rdilar.[1] Gerbning pastki yarmiga ega eman va dafna barglari burgutni o'rab olish. Yuqori yarmida so'zlar bor Estados Unidos Mexicanos (Birlashgan Meksika shtatlari) burgutni o'rab olgan. Oltin yuzi paydo bo'lgan paytdan beri o'zgarmagan va kumush tanga paydo bo'lganida ham xuddi shu old tomoni bo'lgan. 2000 yilda kumush yuzi o'zgartirilib, hozirgi Meksika milliy gerbi va uning atrofidagi ushbu ramzning o'tgan 10 versiyasi tasvirlangan. Ispancha yozuv ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS hanuzgacha markaziy gerbni o'rab turibdi.[2] Belgining yuqori qismidagi o'tgan versiyasi Kodeks Mendoza 1524 yildan.
Orqaga: ishlatilgan dizayn 1921 yilgi oltinga asoslangan edi Centenario, Meksika mustaqilligining yuz yilligi munosabati bilan chiqarilgan tanga. The qanotli Viktoriya ning Mustaqillik farishtasi oldida vulqonlar bilan Popocatépetl va Iztaccihuatl fonda. Og'irligi (ONZA yoki untsiya), sanasi va tozaligi ham keltirilgan. Eski Libertad tangalarida farishtaning old tomoni aks etgan. Libertadning yangi seriyasida farishtaning to'rtdan bir qismi tasvirlangan. Oltin 1981 yildan 1999 yilgacha katta farishtadan foydalangan. Kumush 1982 yildan 1995 yilgacha katta farishtadan foydalangan.[2]
Texnik xususiyatlari
Oltin tangalar birinchi zarb qilinganidan beri o'lchamlari o'zgargani yo'q. 1982 yildan 1995 yilgacha,1⁄2va1⁄4 untsiya kumush tangalar hozirgi zarb qilingan tangalarga qaraganda bir oz kichikroq diametrga va qalinlikka ega edi. 1981 yildan 1990 yilgacha oltin tanga tarkibida 90% oltin (.90.) Bo'lgan noziklik ). 1991 yildan beri oltin tangalar va barcha kumush tangalarda 99,9% kumush yoki oltin bor. (.999 nozikligi).[3][4]
| Hozirgi texnik xususiyatlar[3][5] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tarkibi | Og'irligi (troya oz) | Og'irligi (gramm) | Diametri (mm) | Qalinligi (mm) |
| Kumush | 32.15 | 1000 | 110 | 11.5 |
| 5 | 155.5 | 65 | 5.4 | |
| 2 | 62.2 | 48 | 4.5 | |
| 1 | 31.1 | 40 | 3.0 | |
| 1⁄2 | 15.56 | 33 | 2.35 | |
| 1⁄4 | 7.8 | 27 | 1.7 | |
| 1⁄10 | 3.11 | 20 | 1.4 | |
| 1⁄20 | 1.56 | 16 | 1.0 | |
| Oltin | 1 | 31.1 | 34.5 | 2.5 |
| 1⁄2 | 15.56 | 29 | 1.8 | |
| 1⁄4 | 7.8 | 23 | 1.3 | |
| 1⁄10 | 3.1 | 16 | 1.3 | |
| 1⁄20 | 1.56 | 13 | .65 | |
Kumush zarb
| Yil | 1⁄20 oz | 1⁄10 oz | 1⁄4 oz | 1⁄2 oz | 1 oz | 2 oz | 5 oz | 1 kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1982 | 1,049,680 | |||||||
| 1983 | 1,001,768 | |||||||
| 1984 | 1,014,000 | |||||||
| 1985 | 2,017,000 | |||||||
| 1986 | 1,699,426 | |||||||
| 1987 | 500,000 | |||||||
| 1988 | 1,500,500 | |||||||
| 1989 | 1,396,500 | |||||||
| 1990 | 1,200,000 | |||||||
| 1991 | 50,017 | 50,017 | 50,017 | 50,618 | 1,650,518 | |||
| 1992 | 295,783 | 299,933 | 104,000 | 119,000 | 2,458,000 | |||
| 1993 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 90,500 | 90,500 | 1,000,000 | |||
| 1994 | 90,100 | 90,100 | 90,100 | 90,100 | 400,000 | |||
| 1995 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 500,000 | |||
| 1996 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 280,001 | 50,000 | 20,000 | |
| 1997 | 20,000 | 20,000 | 20,000 | 20,000 | 119,999 | 15,000 | 10,000 | |
| 1998 | 6,400 | 6,400 | 6,400 | 6,400 | 67,000 | 7,000 | 3,500 | |
| 1999 | 8,001 | 8,000 | 7,000 | 7,000 | 95,000 | 5,000 | 2,800 | |
| 2000 | 57,500 | 27,500 | 21,000 | 20,000 | 396,400 | 7,500 | 4,000 | |
| 2001 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 25,000 | 20,000 | 768,600 | 6,700 | 4,000 | |
| 2002 | 45,000 | 35,000 | 35,000 | 35,000 | 955,000 | 8,700 | 5,200 | 1.820 (pl) |
| 2003 | 50,000 | 20,000 | 22,000 | 28,000 | 678,869 | 9,500 | 6,000 | 1,514 (pl) |
| 2004 | 30,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 20,000 | 560,412 | 8,000 | 3,923 | 1,501 (pl) |
| 2005 | 15,000 | 9,277 | 15,000 | 10,000 | 600,007 | 3,549 | 2,401 | 500 (pl) |
| 2006 | 20,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 300,000 | 5,800 | 3,000 | 874 (pl) |
| 2007 | 3,500 | 3,500 | 3,500 | 3,500 | 200,000 | 8,000 | 3,000 | 700 (pl) |
| 2008 | 7,000 | 10,000 | 9,000 | 9,000 | 950,000 | 17,000 | 9,000 | 2,003 1700 (pl) |
| 2009 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 1,650,000 | 46,000 | 21,000 | 4,000 1700 (pl) |
| 2010 | 12,000 | 12,000 | 15,500 | 20,000 | 1,000,000 | 14,000 | 9,500 | 4,000 1500 (pl) |
| 2011 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 30,000 | 1,200,000 | 14,000 | 10,000 | 6,000 1000 (pl) |
| 2012 | 3,300 | 16,700 | 17,000 | 746,400 | 18,600 | 10,400 | 2,300 500 (pl) | |
| 2013 | 13,500 | 18,900 | 9,600 | 24,500 | 774,100 | 17,400 | 9,500 | 400 (pl) |
| 2014 | 5,700 | 6,350 | 6,950 | 23,000 | 429,000 | 9,000 | 6,400 | 500 (pl) |
| 2015 | 18,400 | 19,900 | 17,900 | 16,000 | 901,500 | 20,100 | 9,500 | 2,000 500 (pl) |
| 2016 | 22,900 | 24,400 | 17,700 | 30,900 | 1,437,500 | 17,600 | 11,400 | 2,000 800 (pl) |
| 2017 | 8,550 | 8,850 | 8,100 | 9,050 | 636,000 | 8,900 | 5,050 | 200 1000 (pl) |
| 2018 | 17,900 | 20,300 | 18,000 | 15,500 | 300,000 | 20,400 | 16,600 | 500 1000 (pl) |
| 2019 | 7,350 | 7,200 | 5,450 | 8,500 | 402,000 | 18,300 | 18,000 | 200 500 (pl) |
| 2020 | 5,450 | 6,100 | 4,450 | 7,600 | 300,000 | 5,500 | 8,900 |
Kumushdan yasalgan zarb
(p) dalil
(rp) teskari dalil
(af) antiqa tugatish
| Yil | 1⁄20 oz | 1⁄10 oz | 1⁄4 oz | 1⁄2 oz | 1 oz | 2 oz | 5 oz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | 998 | ||||||
| 1986 | 30,006 | ||||||
| 1987 | 12,000 | ||||||
| 1988 | 10,000 | ||||||
| 1989 | 10,000 | ||||||
| 1990 | 10,000 | ||||||
| 1991 | 10,000 | ||||||
| 1992 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 10,000 | ||
| 1993 | 5,002 | 5,002 | 5,002 | 5,002 | 5,002 | ||
| 1994 | 5,002 | 5,002 | 5,002 | 5,002 | 5,002 | ||
| 1995 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | ||
| 1996 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 1,200 | 1,200 |
| 1997 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 800 | 1,500 | 1,300 | 1,300 |
| 1998 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 2,500 | 500 | 400 | 400 |
| 1999 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 280 | 100 |
| 2000 | 900 | 1,000 | 700 | 700 | 1,600 | 500 | 500 |
| 2001 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 | 500 | 600 |
| 2002 | 2,800 | 2,800 | 2,800 | 2,800 | 3,800 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
| 2003 | 4,400 | 4,900 | 3,900 | 3,400 | 5,400 | 800 | 1,500 |
| 2004 | 2,700 | 2,500 | 2,500 | 2,500 | 3,000 | 1,000 | 800 |
| 2005 | 2,600 | 3,000 | 2,400 | 2,800 | 3,300 | 600 | 1,000 |
| 2006 | 3,300 | 3,000 | 2,900 | 2,900 | 4,000 | 1,100 | 700 |
| 2007 | 4,000 | 4,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 5,800 | 500 | 500 |
| 2008 | 3,300 | 5,000 | 2,900 | 2,500 | 11,000 | 1,000 | 900 |
| 2009 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 10,000 | 6,200 | 5,000 |
| 2010 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 10,000 | 1,300 | 2,000 |
| 2011 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 10,000 | 1,000 | 2,000 |
| 2012 | 4,200 | ||||||
| 2013 | 4,200 | 4,100 | 3,200 | 3,000 | 9,100 | 1,300 | 1,600 |
| 2014 | 1,850 | 1,950 | 1,700 | 1,750 | 4,700 | 750 | 800 |
| 2015 | 5,500 | 5,300 | 2,400 | 2,500 | 6400 (p) | 1,300 | 1,600 |
| 1500 (rp) | |||||||
| 2016 | 12,550 | 12,650 | 9,550 | 13,150 | 13,250 (p) | 3,950 | 2,750 |
| 1500 (rp) | |||||||
| 2017 | 9,050 | 7,850 | 4,850 | 12,750 | 8,650 (p) | 3.050 (p) | 2350 (p) |
| 1.050 (rp) | 2000 (rp) | 2000 (rp) | |||||
| 2018 | 7,900 | 6,500 | 5,000 | 7,000 | 10000 (p) | 5000 (p) | 5000 (p) |
| 1500 (rp) | 2100 (rp) | 2100 (rp) | |||||
| 40,000 (af) | 2000 (af) | 2000 (af) | |||||
| 2019 | 3,000 | 3,600 | 2,850 | 2,000 | 5,500 (p) | 2,750 (p) | 2500 (p) |
| 1000 (rp) | 1000 (rp) | 1000 (rp) | |||||
| 1000 (af) | 1000 (af) | 1000 (af) |
Oltin zarb
Meksika | |
| Massa | 31,1 g (1,0.)troy oz ) |
|---|---|
| Diametri | 34,5 mm (1,36 dyuym) |
| Qalinligi | 2,5 mm (0,099 dyuym) |
| Tarkibi | 99.9% Au |
| Yil zarb qilingan yillar | 1981 - hozirgi kungacha |
| Old tomon | |
 | |
| Dizayn | Meksika gerbi |
| Teskari | |
 | |
| Dizayn | Uchburchakning yon ko'rinishi Mustaqillik farishtasi vulqonlar bilan Popocatépetl va Iztaccíhuatl fonda |
| Yil | 1⁄20 oz | 1⁄10 oz | 1⁄4 oz | 1⁄2 oz | 1 oz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 313,000 | 193,000 | 596,000 | ||
| 1991 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 109,193 |
| 1992 | 65,225 | 50,777 | 28,106 | 25,220 | 46,281 |
| 1993 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 2,500 | 2,500 | 73,881 |
| 1994 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 2,500 | 2,500 | 1,000 |
| 2000 | 5,300 | 3,500 | 2,500 | 1,500 | 2,730 |
| 2002 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 15,000 |
| 2003 | 800 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 500 |
| 2004 | 4,000 | 2,000 | 1,500 | 500 | 3,000 |
| 2005 | 3,200 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 3,000 |
| 2006 | 3,000 | 2,500 | 1,500 | 500 | 4,000 |
| 2007 | 1,200 | 1,200 | 500 | 500 | 2,500 |
| 2008 | 800 | 2,500 | 800 | 300 | 800 |
| 2009 | 2,000 | 9,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 6,200 |
| 2010 | 1,500 | 4,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 4,000 |
| 2011 | 2,500 | 6,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 3,000 |
| 2012 | 2,500 | 6,500 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 3,000 |
| 2013 | 650 | 2,150 | 750 | 450 | 2,350 |
| 2014 | 1,050 | 2,450 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 4,050 |
| 2015 | 1,300 | 4,100 | 1,300 | 1,100 | 4,800 |
| 2016 | 2,900 | 3,800 | 1,000 | 1,200 | 4,100 |
| 2017 | 1,000 | 300 | 500 | 700 | 900 |
| 2018 | 2,500 | 1,500 | 1,250 | 1,250 | 2,050 |
| 2019 | 1,500 | 1,250 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 2,000 |
Oltindan yasalgan zarb
(p) dalil
(rp) teskari dalil
| Yil | 1⁄20 oz | 1⁄10 oz | 1⁄4 oz | 1⁄2 oz | 1 oz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | 88 | ||||
| 1989 | 704 | ||||
| 2004 | 1,000 | ||||
| 2005 | 400 | 400 | 2,600 | 400 | 250 |
| 2006 | 520 | 520 | 2,120 | 520 | 520 |
| 2007 | 500 | 500 | 1,500 | 500 | 500 |
| 2008 | 500 | 500 | 800 | 500 | 500 |
| 2009 | 600 | 600 | 1,700 | 600 | 600 |
| 2010 | 600 | 600 | 1,000 | 600 | 600 |
| 2011 | 1,100 | 1,100 | 2,000 | 1,100 | 1,100 |
| 2012 | |||||
| 2013 | 300 | 300 | 600 | 300 | 400 |
| 2014 | 250 | 250 | 350 | 250 | 250 |
| 2015 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 |
| 2016 | 2,100 | 2,100 | 2,100 | 2,100 | 2,100 |
| 2017 | 600 | 1,500 | 1,500 | 700 | 600 |
| 2018 | 1,000 | 1,500 | 1,000 | 1000 (p) | 1000 (p) |
| 1000 (rp) | 1000 (rp) | ||||
| 2019 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 800 | 650 (p) | 750 (p) |
| 500 (rp) | 500 (rp) |
Shuningdek qarang
Adabiyotlar
- ^ Minahan, Jeyms B. (2009). Milliy ramzlar va timsollarning to'liq qo'llanmasi. ABC-CLIO. p. 718. ISBN 9780313344978.
- ^ a b "Libertad dizayni o'zgarishi mumkin emas". Tangalar haftaligi. 30 oktyabr 2018 yil. Olingan 25 fevral 2020.
- ^ a b "Valyuta" (ispan tilida). Meksika hukumati. Olingan 25 fevral 2020.
- ^ "Libertad seriyali kumush" (ispan tilida). Meksika banki. Olingan 26 fevral 2020.
- ^ "Meksika kumush" Libertad"". Goldadvert. Olingan 24 fevral 2020.
- ^ a b v 2020 jahon tangalarining standart katalogi - 1901–2000 (47-nashr). Krause nashrlari. 2019 yil. ISBN 978-1-4402-4896-2.
- ^ a b v d 2020 yilgi jahon tangalarining standart katalogi - 2001 yil (14-nashr). Krause nashrlari. 2019 yil. ISBN 978-1-4402-4897-9.
- ^ "Kumush tangalar" (ispan tilida). Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2013 yil 5-dekabrda. Olingan 25 dekabr 2010..
- ^ Golino, Lui (12 mart 2019). "Libertad Coin Series 2019 dasturlari kutilmagan hodisalar". Tangalarni yangilash. Olingan 25 fevral 2015.
- ^ a b http://donbailey-mexico.com/libertad_mintages.shtml
Tashqi havolalar
- Golino, Lui (2019 yil 1-noyabr). "Libertad tanga seriyasini yig'ish". Tangalarni yangilash. Olingan 25 fevral 2020.
- Meksika La Casa de Moneda
