Pterophoridae - Pterophoridae

Pterophoridae; Vaqtinchalik diapazon: Chattian - hozirgi PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D. C P T J K Pg N
	Emmelina monodaktyla; (Pterophorinae: Pteroforini )
Ilmiy tasnif
Qirollik:	Animalia
Filum:	Artropoda
Sinf:	Hasharot
Buyurtma:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Pteroforoida
Oila:	Pterophoridae; Zeller, 1841
Tur turlari
	Pterophorus pentadactyla; Linney, 1758
Subfamilies
	Agdistinae; Deuterokopinalar; Ochyroticinae; Pterophorinae;
Turli xillik
	> 90 avlod; > 1000 tur

The Pterophoridae yoki shilimshiq kuya a oila ning Lepidoptera g'ayrioddiy o'zgartirilgan qanotlari bilan. Garchi ular Apoditriziya kattaroq kabi kuya va kapalaklar, ulardan farqli o'laroq ular mayda va ilgari "deb nomlangan to'plamlar qatoriga kiritilganmikrolepidoptera ".

Ta'rif va ekologiya

Pupa ning Platyptilia tetradactyla (Pterophorinae: Platyptilini )

Plume kuyalarining old qanotlari odatda ikkita kavisli uchqundan iborat bo'lib, ularning orqasida ko'p yoki ozroq pog'onali tuklar bor. Bu bir-biri bilan chambarchas bog'liq Alucitidae Bir qarashda (ko'p tukli kuya), ammo ikkinchisida nosimmetrik shilimshiqlarning soni ko'proq. Orqa qanotlari ham xuddi shunday qurilgan, ammo uchta uchi bor. Biroz avlodlar normal bor lepidopteran qanotlar.

Odatdagidek dam olish holati qanotlarni yon tomonga cho'zilgan va tor o'ralgan holda. Ko'pincha ular quritilgan o'tning bir qismiga o'xshaydi va hatto yorug 'kunlarda ochiq joylarda dam olayotganda ham yirtqichlar tomonidan sezilmasdan o'tishi mumkin. Ba'zi turlarda lichinkalar bor, ular poyasi yoki ildizi bor, boshqalari esa varaq brauzeridir.

Iqtisodiy jihatdan muhim pteroforidlarga quyidagilar kiradi artishok shlyapasi kuya (Platyptilia carduidactyla), an artishok (Cynara cardunculus) zararkunanda Kaliforniya, esa geranium plum kuya (Platyptilia pica )^[1] va snapdragon plume kuya (Stenoptilodlar antirrina ) zarar etkazishi mumkin manzarali o'simliklar bog 'geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum ) va oddiy snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus ) navbati bilan. Boshqa shilimshiq kuya sifatida ishlatilgan biologik nazorat agentlari invaziv o'simlik turlariga qarshi - Lantanofaga pusillidaktyla G'arbiy Hindiston lantanasiga qarshi (Lantana kamerasi ), Oidaematophorus beneficus noto'g'ri gulga qarshi (Ageratina riparia ), Ellinziya balanotlari tuproq tupiga qarshi (Baccharis halimifolia ),^[2] va Wheeleria spilodactylus itga qarshi (Marrubium vulgare ).^[3]

Evolyutsiya

Hozirgacha mavjud bo'lgan turkumga oid qazilma tur Merrifieldia dan ma'lum Oligotsen Frantsiya.^[4]^[5]

Taksonomiya

Kurtlar turkumidagi kichik guruh Agdistopis ko'pincha Pterophoridae tarkibidagi subfamily Macropiratinae sifatida ko'rib chiqilgan, ammo so'nggi tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatadiki, bu guruhni alohida oila deb hisoblash kerak.

Oila quyidagilarga bo'linadi subfamilies, qabilalar va avlodlar,^[6] biroz turlari shuningdek ro'yxatlangan:
Subfamily Agdistinae

Jins Agdistis Xyubner, 1825 yil
- Agdistis bouyeri
- Agdistis linnaei

Subfamily Ochyroticinae

Jins Oxirotika
- Ochyrotica bjoernstadti

Subfamily Deuterocopinae Gielis, 1993 yil

Subfamily Pterophorinae Zeller, 1841 yil

Qabila Tetrasxalini
- Jins Tetraxalis
- Jins Titanoptilus
- Jins Valsingxemella
Qabila Platyptilini
- Jins Ambliptiliya Xyubner, 1825 yil
  - Amblyptilia acanthadactyla
- Jins Anstenoptiliya
- Jins Osiyoefor
- Jins Bigotiliya
- Jins Bipunktifor
- Jins Buszkoiana
- Jins Kanemidofor Wallengren, 1862 yil
  - Kneemidophorus rododactyla
- Jins Crocydoscelus
- Jins Fletcherella
- Jins Gillmeriya Tutt, 1905 yil
  - Gillmeria ochrodactyla
- Jins Inferunkus
- Jins Koremaguiya
- Jins Lantanofaga Zimmermann, 1958 yil
  - Lantanofaga pusillidaktyla
- Jins Leesi
- Jins Lioptilodlar
- Jins Melanoptiliya
- Jins Michaelophorus
- Jins Nippoptiliya
- Jins Paraambliptiliya
- Jins Paraplatiptiliya
- Jins Platiptiliya Xyubner, 1825 yil
  
  Platyptilia celidotus
  (Pterophorinae: Platyptilini )
  
  Platyptilia falcatalis
  (Pterophorinae: Platyptilini )
  - Platyptilia aarviki
  - Platyptilia carduidactyla - artishok shlyapasi kuya
  - Platyptilia celidotus
  - Platyptilia eberti
  - Platyptilia falcatalis
  - Platyptilia gonodactyla
  - Platyptilia nussi
- Jins Platyptiliodes
- Jins Postplatiptiliya
- Jins Quadriptilia
- Jins Sinpunktiptiliya
  - Sinpunctiptilia emissalis
- Jins Sochchora
- Jins Sfenarxlar
- Jins Stenoptiliya Xyubner, 1825 yil
  - Stenoptilia bipunctidactyla
  - Stenoptiliya kiitulo
  - Stenoptiliya pterodaktilasi
  - Stenoptilia zophodactylus
- Jins Stenoptilodlar Zimmermann, 1958 yil
  - Stenoptilodlar antirrina - snapdragon plum kuya
- Jins Stokofor
- Jins Uroloba
- Jins Vietteilus
- Jins Xyroptila Qabila Exelastini
- Jins Arkoptiliya
- Jins Exelastis
  - Exelastis caroli
- Jins Fuskoptiliya
- Jins Marasmarcha
- Jins Parafuskoptiliya
Qabila Oksiptilini
- Jins Apoksiptilus Alipanah va boshq., 2010
- Jins Bakleriya Tutt, 1905 yil
  - Buckleria vanderwolfi
- Jins Capperia
- Jins Krombruggiya
  
  Stenodakma wahlbergi (Pterophorinae: Oksiptilini )
- Jins Dejongia
- Jins Evkapperiya
  - Eucapperia continentalis
- Jins Geyna
- Jins Interkapperiya
- Jins Megalorhipida Amsel, 1935 yil
  - Megalorrhipida leucodactyla
- Jins Oksiptilus
- Jins Parakapperiya
- Jins Prichotilus Rose and Pooni, 2003 yil
- Jins Prokapperiya
- Jins Pseudoxyptilus Alipanah va boshq., 2010
- Jins Stangeiya Tutt, 1905 yil
  - Stangeia xerodes
    
    Stangeia xerodes
    (Pterophorinae: Oksiptilini )
- Jins Stenodakma
- Jins Tomotilus
- Jins Trichoptilus
Qabila Oidaematophorini
- Jins Adaina
- Jins Crassuncus
- Jins Emmelina Tutt, 1905 yil
  - Emmelina monodaktyla
- Jins Gipsochares
- Jins Ellinziya Tutt, 1905 yil
  - Ellinziya balanotlari
  - Hellinsia emmelinoida
- Jins Helpaphorus
- Jins Karachiya
- Jins Oidaematophorus Wallengren, 1862 yil
  - Oidaematophorus beneficus
- Jins Pikardiya
- Jins Pselnoforus Wallengren, 1881 yil
  - Pselnophorus meruensis
- Jins Puerfor
- Jins Setosipennula
Qabila Pteroforini
- Jins Kalsifora
- Jins Cosmoclostis
- Jins Diakrotricha
- Jins Imboforus
- Jins Merrifieldia
- Jins Oirata
- Jins Patagonofor
- Jins Porrittia
- Jins Pterofor
  - Pterophorus pentadactyla - oq shilimshiq kuya
- Jins Septuaginta
- Jins Singularia
- Jins Tabulaefhorus
- Jins Wheeleria Tutt, 1905 yil
  - Wheeleria spilodactylus

Izohlar

^ MDA (1980)
^ Palmer, VA va Haseler, VX. (1992)
^ Beyker, J. (2002)
^ L. Bigot, A. Nel va J. Nel. 1986. Ptérophore (Lepidoptera Pterophoridae) ning de la première espèce fotoalbom konvensiyasi. Aleksanor 14:283-288
^ SOHN, JAE-CHEON; LABANDEIRA, KONRAD; DAVIS, DONALD; MITTER, CHARLES (2012-04-30). "Lepidoptera (Insecta: Holometabola)" izohli katalogi va toshqotgan toshlari. Zootaxa. 3286 (1): 1. doi:10.11646 / zootaxa.3286.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
^ Gielis, Sez (2000-05-31). "Pterophoridae ning qabilalarga bo'linishi (Lepidoptera)" (PDF). Quadrifina. 3: 57-60 - ZOBODAT orqali.

Adabiyotlar

Beyker, J. (2002): Klassik biologik nazorat agentini yaratishga ta'sir qiluvchi omillar, qirg'iylar shlyuzlari kuya (Wheeleria spilodactylus) Janubiy Avstraliyada. (Avstraliyaning Adelaida universiteti Amaliy va molekulyar ekologiya kafedrasida falsafa doktori ilmiy darajasini olish uchun topshirilgan tezis) PDF to'liq matni
Michigan qishloq xo'jaligi departamenti (MDA) (1980): Geranium plum kuya karantini. PDF to'liq matni
Palmer, WA va Haseler, W.H. (1992): Oidaematophorus balanotlari (Pterophoridae) ning oziq-ovqat ekinlarining o'ziga xosligi va biologiyasi: Baccharis halimifolia ustidan nazorat qilish uchun Avstraliyaga kiritilgan Shimoliy Amerika kuya (Lepidopteristlar Jamiyati Jurnali 46 (3), 1992: 195-202). PDF to'liq matni^{[doimiy o'lik havola ]}

Tashqi havolalar

Britaniyalik hasharotlar: Lepidoptera oilalari
http://www.plumemoth.com/ D.L. Metyus, fan doktori. Florida muzeyi
Avstraliyaning shlyuzli kuya
Uchta tezkor kamera tomonidan suratga olingan uchib ketayotgan shilimshiq kuya haqida sekin harakatlanadigan video https://www.beatus-lab.org/fun-stuff

[1] MDA (1980)

[2] Palmer, VA va Haseler, VX. (1992)

[3] Beyker, J. (2002)

[4] L. Bigot, A. Nel va J. Nel. 1986. Ptérophore (Lepidoptera Pterophoridae) ning de la première espèce fotoalbom konvensiyasi. Aleksanor 14:283-288

[5] SOHN, JAE-CHEON; LABANDEIRA, KONRAD; DAVIS, DONALD; MITTER, CHARLES (2012-04-30). "Lepidoptera (Insecta: Holometabola)" izohli katalogi va toshqotgan toshlari. Zootaxa. 3286 (1): 1. doi:10.11646 / zootaxa.3286.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.

[6] Gielis, Sez (2000-05-31). "Pterophoridae ning qabilalarga bo'linishi (Lepidoptera)" (PDF). Quadrifina. 3: 57-60 - ZOBODAT orqali.

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Pterophoridae Vaqtinchalik diapazon: Chattian - hozirgi PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D. C P T J K Pg N

Emmelina monodaktyla (Pterophorinae: Pteroforini )
Ilmiy tasnif
Qirollik:	Animalia
Filum:	Artropoda
Sinf:	Hasharot
Buyurtma:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Pteroforoida
Oila:	Pterophoridae Zeller, 1841
Tur turlari
Pterophorus pentadactyla Linney, 1758
Subfamilies
Agdistinae Deuterokopinalar Ochyroticinae Pterophorinae
Turli xillik
> 90 avlod > 1000 tur