Kempbelllar do'konlari - Campbells Stores - Wikipedia

Kempbell do'konlari
Kempbell do'konlari binosi The Rocks.jpg
Kempbell do'konlari, 2014 yilda tasvirlangan
Manzil7-27 dairesel Quay G'arbiy, Toshlar, Sidney shahri, Yangi Janubiy Uels, Avstraliya
Koordinatalar33 ° 51′25 ″ S 151 ° 12′33 ″ E / 33.8570 ° S 151.2092 ° E / -33.8570; 151.2092Koordinatalar: 33 ° 51′25 ″ S 151 ° 12′33 ″ E / 33.8570 ° S 151.2092 ° E / -33.8570; 151.2092
Qurilgan1850–1861
Me'moriy uslub (lar)Viktoriya gruzin
EgasiSidney bandargohidagi qirg'oq ma'muriyati
Veb-saytkempbelllar do'konlari.com.au
Rasmiy nomiKempbell do'konlari; Eski Metkalf obligatsiyasi (Kempbells); Kempbelllar do'koni
TuriDavlat merosi (qurilgan)
Belgilangan10 may 2002 yil
Yo'q ma'lumotnoma.1536
TuriOmbor / saqlash maydoni
TurkumDengizchilik sanoati
Kempbell do'konlari Sidneyda joylashgan
Kempbell do'konlari
Sidneydagi Kempbell do'konlarining joylashuvi

The Kempbell do'konlari ichki shaharda meros ro'yxatiga olingan sobiq omborxona binosi Sidney shahar atrofi Toshlar ichida Sidney shahri mahalliy hukumat hududi Yangi Janubiy Uels, Avstraliya. The Viktoriya gruzin bino ilgari do'kon uylari va dengizchilik sifatida xizmat qilgan bojxona omborlari. U 1850 yildan 1861 yilgacha qurilgan. U shimoli-g'arbiy qismida joylashgan Kempbells Koviga qaragan Sidney-Kov. 1970-yillarda, Sidney Kovidagi tijorat yuk tashish faoliyatining umumiy pasayishi bilan bir qatorda, bino sayyohlik yo'naltirilgan restoran va bar sifatida foydalanish uchun o'zgartirildi.

Bundan tashqari, sifatida tanilgan Metkalfning eski obligatsiyasi; Kempbelllar do'koni. Mulk egasiga tegishli Sidney bandargohidagi qirg'oq ma'muriyati, an agentlik ning Yangi Janubiy Uels hukumati. Bu qo'shildi Yangi Janubiy Uels davlat merosi reestri 2002 yil 10 mayda.[1]

Binoga ijaraga berish Tallawoladah Pty Ltd xususiy mehmonxona kompaniyasi tomonidan amalga oshiriladi. 2015 yildan 2018 yilgacha ijaraga beruvchi xarajatlarni qoplashni o'z zimmasiga oldi. $ A32 million. Yangilangan binoda restoranlar 2019 yilning kuzidan ochila boshladi.[2][3][4][5]

Tarix

Robert Kempbell Shotlandiyada tug'ilgan va 1798 yilda Kempbell va Co kompaniyasining Kalkuttadagi biznes sheriklikdagi akasiga qo'shilish uchun Hindistonga borgan. Firma spekulyativ yuk yuborgan. Sidney-Kov 1796 yilda. Robert Kempbell yana bir yuk bilan 1798 yilda ergashgan. U er sotib oldi Deyvs Poynt Sidney Koviga qarab Jon Baughan va savdoni asta-sekin aqlli, ammo halol savdogar sifatida obro'sini oshirishni boshladi.[1]

1801 yil sentyabrda u Yangi Janubiy Uelsning komissari bo'lgan Jon Palmerning singlisi Sofiya Palmerga uylandi. 1801 yil noyabrga kelib, Kempbellning ba'zi bir omborlari, shuningdek tosh devor va asosiy omborga to'g'ri burchak ostida joylashgan kichik iskala qurib bitkazildi. Bu Avstraliyadagi birinchi xususiy iskala ekanligi da'vo qilingan. 1802 yilda Kempbell va Sofiya Wharf House-ga ko'chib o'tdilar, keyinchalik u to'liq emas edi. Ularning uyi ostidan qumtosh toshlar yuzasida tovarlarni saqlash uchun omborlar qazilgan. Jon Leyn 1808 yildagi akvarelda, iskala tonozlardan tugaganligi, ikki qavatli ombor va Wharf House-ga ushbu iskala ortidan o'tadigan yo'l ko'rsatilgan.[1]

Hokim Lachlan Macquarie xavotirda edi yer berish Sidneydagi ijarada katta va jiddiy yaxshilanishlarni qurayotgan ko'chmanchilarga. Shuning uchun 1814 yil 29-iyun kuni Robert Kempbellga janubi-g'arbda, dengiz zobiti egallagan bino bilan janubda chegaralangan 3 gektar, 3 tomorqalar berildi. Dawes Point batareyasi va sharqda Sidney Kovi tomonidan "uning ustiga bir nechta yirik va qimmatbaho binolar qurilishi natijasida". Ko'chalarni o'tkazish huquqi tojga tegishli edi.[1]

1807 yil may oyida Kempbell dengiz zobiti va magistrat lavozimiga tayinlandi. Uchun hamdardligi natijasida Gubernator Bligh, u Bligh tushirilgandan keyin isyonchilar ma'muriyati tomonidan ta'qib uchun belgilangan edi. Keyinchalik Kempbell 1810 yilda gubernator Makkarining kelishi bilan o'z biznesini to'liq nazorat ostiga oldi, ammo u isyondan keyingi sud jarayonlarida dalil berish uchun Britaniyaga qaytib kelganida, uni Charlz Xukning qo'liga topshirishga majbur bo'ldi. U 1815 yil 18 martda o'z biznesini bankrot bo'lgan va ko'plab kemalari halokatga uchraganini ko'rish uchun qaytib keldi. U hukumatdan tovon puli talab qildi. Kempbell yana savdogar sifatida ishlay olguncha komissiya agenti sifatida ishlagan. 1822 yil 4-yanvarda Kempbell 1812-15 yillarda Angliyada bo'lganida kemalaridan mahrum bo'lganligi uchun rasmiy ravishda hukumatdan tovon oldi. U suv bo'yida omborlar qurdi, ularning barchasi 1825 yilgacha qurib bitkazildi va ular Styuartning 1825 yilgi Xarper xaritasining 1825 yildagi nusxasida ko'rsatilgan. Bu mavzu Kempbell do'konlari emas.[1]

Katta Robert Kempbell 1828 yilda firma boshqaruviga asta-sekin kirib kelayotgan o'g'illari bilan hamkorlik shartnomasini imzoladi. Taxminan 1830 yilga kelib uning o'g'li, Jon Kempbell, deyarli biznesni o'z zimmasiga olgan edi. Shuningdek, iskala uchun uskunalar sotib olindi. Magistratlarning qaytib kelishi fabrikasi va boshqalar 1831 yilda Robert Kempbellning katta Kempbellning iskala qismida iskala qismida bitta gidravlik nasos borligini ko'rsatdi. 1838 yilga kelib, R Campbell & Co bitta kranga ega bo'lganlar ro'yxatiga kiritilgan.[1]

Jon Kempbell rasmiy ravishda 1836 yilda firma rahbari sifatida moliyaviy qiyinchiliklarga duch kelganida ish boshladi. 1836 yil 6-mayda Kempbellning "Wharf" nashri matbuotda sotilishi uchun e'lon qilindi. Buning ortidan birozdan keyin Kempbellning Wharf-ning sotilishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik to'g'risida buyruq qabul qilindi. Har qanday qo'shimcha chora-tadbirlar zarur bo'lsa ham, muvaffaqiyatli bo'lib tuyuladi, chunki iskala Kempbelllar oilasida qoldi.[1]

Firmani boshqarish asosan Kempbellning o'g'illari qo'lida bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, iskala joylashgan erning nomi Robertning nomida edi va shuning uchun u er bilan bog'liq masalalarda ishtirok etishda davom etdi. 1841 yil 21-yanvarda Robert Kempbell mustamlaka kotibiga rasmiy ravishda o'z kemasining bir qismini kattalashtirishga ruxsat berishni iltimos qildi, shunda kemalar past to'lqinda tushishi mumkin edi, bu katta toshni ishlatib, iskala kengayishi uchun poydevor bo'ldi. . Mustamlaka muhandisi, Jorj Barni, u iskala kengayishiga hech qanday e'tiroz topa olmasligini ta'kidladi. Ko'p yillar davomida Kempbellning iskala maydoni ko'payib bordi, chunki ko'proq erlar o'zlashtirildi.[1]

1843 yil 29-iyun kuni Robert Kempbell katta Jorj ko'chasi, Sidney, avstraliyalik trast kompaniyasiga garovga qo'ydi £ Uch yil davomida foizlar bilan 10000. Maydon 1814 yilgi grantda bo'lgani kabi 3 gektar 3 tomorqa deb belgilangan edi. Garovni garovga qo'yish zarurati oila tomonidan ularning manfaatlari yo'lida qo'llaniladigan ikkita muqobil strategiyani ko'rsatdi. Ulardan biri shundaki, ular o'zlarining mol-mulklari va bizneslarini takomillashtirish uchun barcha mavjud mablag'larini yanada yaxshi likvidlikni yaratish uchun safarbar etishgan. Shu bilan bir qatorda, erta Avstraliyadagi eng dahshatli moliyaviy tushkunliklardan birida ipoteka kreditining sanasi o'z erlarini aylanma mablag 'manbai sifatida foydalanib, o'z biznesini qutqarishga urinishni ko'rsatishi mumkin. Dastlabki ipoteka kreditining sababi nima bo'lishidan qat'i nazar, keyingi o'n yilliklar davomida u qayta-qayta yangilandi, shunda Kempbelllar oilasi kapitalda to'liq kapitalga ega bo'lmadi. Oxir-oqibat, Kempbelllar va keyingi yillarda kreditni o'z zimmalariga olgan garovga oluvchilar o'rtasida bir muncha tortishuvlar bo'lgan ko'rinadi. Faqat 1877 yilda, masalani ko'rib chiqqandan so'ng Oliy sud, Kempbellning Wharf-ga yana egalik qilish uchun Kempbelllar edi.[1]

Robert Kempbellning katta vakili bu iskala bilan bog'liq bo'lgan boshqa narsalarni bilmasligi kerak edi. 1845 yil 11 oktyabrda u o'z mol-mulkini olti qismga qoldirib, o'g'illari Jon, Robert, Charlz, Jorj va qizi Sofiya Ives Kempbell va Artur Jeffreys, qizi Soraning eri. 1846 yil 15-aprelda Robert Kempbell vafot etdi Duntroon.[1]

Sidney shahrining birinchi stavkasini 1845 yilda baholashda Kempbell iskalaidagi quyidagi tuzilmalar ko'rsatilgan: uy, do'konlar, ombor va iskala qiymati £ 1000. "Kempbell va Co iskala qismining shimoliy qismida" uchta do'kon va bitta ofis va do'kon bor edi, ularning barchasi uch qavatli, shiferlangan tomlari bilan baholangan. £ Ularning har biri 150 tadan, ikkitasi bo'sh edi, ikkitasini Smit va Kempbell egallab olishdi. Bundan tashqari, u erda nozir Jorj Atherden uchun kottej bor edi va bo'sh yog'och yuvilgan edi. Bu erda aniqlangan do'konlar dengiz qirg'og'idagi qadimgi tosh do'konlari bo'lib ko'rinadi, ammo 1850-yillarning boshlarida qurilgan do'kon do'konlari emas. 1851 yil 25 avgust va 1852 yil 27 sentyabr kunlari orasida Sidney shahar kengashining stavkalarini baholash kitobi shuni ko'rsatadiki, Kempbellning Wharf-da J Kempbell toshdan qurilgan beshta do'kon qo'shib qo'ydi, shiftlari shiftli, barchasi vaqtincha yillik sof qiymat bilan baholandi. £ 30. Bular Kempbell do'konlarining dastlabki beshta koyidir.[1]

1858 yilgi stavkalarni baholash kitobida 1820-yillardan boshlab suv chetidagi uch qavatli tosh omborlar mavjud bo'lganligi ko'rsatilgan. Bir qator boshqa iskala binolari orasida ikkita xonali ikkita qavatli qilib qurilgan shiferli toshli beshta tosh ombor bor edi. Uchtasi ombor sifatida ishlaydi, ikkitasi to'rtta xonadan iborat umumiy ombor va ofis sifatida olib boriladi. Ko'p o'tmay, qo'shimcha omborxona qurilishi boshlandi. MF Moresby albomidan 1856-1860 yillarda yozilgan fotosuratda o'n birinchi ko'rfazning poydevori qurilgan va uning tomini kutib turgan o'nta koy, shuningdek, uning oldida qurilish materiallari ko'rinadigan narsalar ko'rsatilgan. Qo'shimcha ko'rfazlarning qurilishi 1861 yilda baholarni baholash kitobi bilan tasdiqlangan bo'lib, 1858 yilda mavjud bo'lgan omborning beshta koyiga yana oltita koy qo'shilgan bo'lib, ularning barchasi o'n bitta koyni tashkil qilgan. Barcha koylar ikki qavatli bo'lib, har birida ikkita xonadan iborat. Ushbu ish 1865 yilda Sidneydagi Trig Survey tomonidan tasdiqlangan bo'lib, shahar Kengashi tomonidan kanalizatsiya kanallarini qurishga kirishish sifatida yakunlangan.[1]

Do'konlarda qurilish ishlari yakuniga etgach, Robert Kempbell kenja Duntronda vafot etdi, 1859 yil 30 martda akasi Jonni firma uchun qoldirdi.[1]

Keng ijarachilar Kempbellning Wharf-da, ba'zilari esa Kempbellning do'konlarida omborxonani egallashdi. 1858-59 yillarda Sands katalogi Kempbellning Wharf-da quyidagilarni ro'yxatlaydi: Kempbell va Co; Shakar kompaniyasining do'konlari; JC Dibbs & Co, komissiya agentlari va wharfingers; Robert Nash, omborchi; WH Eldred, Capt, Chili Un Co; Chilian konsulligi - konsul, WH Eldred. 1861 yilda u quyidagilarni ko'rsatadi: Kempbell va Co; Kolonial shakarni qayta ishlaydigan Co, do'konlar; Peru guano do'konlari; George Lloyd & Co do'konlari; Robey & Co do'konlari; Jorj Lyuis bojxona xodimi; va WH Eldred, broker va bosh agent. 1863 yilda u quyidagilarni ko'rsatadi: 4. Merry Willis and Co, savdogarlar; 3. Genri Fisher va Son, shakar omillari; 2. Brown & Co, savdogarlar; 1. EM Sayers & Co, savdogarlar; Robert Nash; WH Eldred, savdogar; 4. Jozef Kendall, dengiz eksperti; JA Buttrey & Co, savdogarlar; 5 va 6, Daniel Thacker & Co, savdogarlar; 22 Kempbell do'konlari; va savdogar Jon Kempbell. Savdo ijarachilari do'konlarni egallashda davom etishdi. 1870 yilgi fotosuratda qurib bitkazilgan omborning o'n bitta koyi aks etgan. Kechqurun 1875 yildayoq, Kempbell 1790-yillarda u saytni egallab olishidan oldin uning yer qismida tashkil etilgan qabriston do'konning orqa qismida hali ham ko'rinib turardi, u erda dengiz piyodasi qabri toshi, Jon Jons, 1792 yilda vafot etgan. amalga oshirilishi mumkin edi.[1]

Kempbellning 1875 yil noyabridagi tavsifida uning qo'nish zonasi 30 metr (100 fut) bo'lganligi, uni 22 ta juda kuchli tosh do'konlari qo'llab-quvvatlaganligi va bu bino iskala ustidagi ikkita shiypon bilan birga 20000 tonna (22000 qisqa tonna) saqlashi mumkinligi aytilgan edi. . Ba'zi fotosuratlarga asoslangan gravyurada ikki qavatli do'konlarning o'n bitta koyi tasvirlangan.[1]

Australasian Steam Navigation Company bilan aloqalar

Shuningdek qarang: Australasian Steam Navigation Company
Kempbellning Wharf ASN Co binosi fonda, 2007 yilda tasvirlangan.

Tomonidan Campbell's Wharf-ni sotib olish bo'yicha muzokaralar Australasian Steam Navigation Company (ASN Co.) 1876 yil boshlarida yaxshi rivojlanganga o'xshaydi. Kompaniyaning Sasseks ko'chasidagi eski iskala savdosi kengayib borishi uchun juda kichkina bo'lib, yangi va markaziyiga muhtoj edi. 1876-yil 18-fevralda kompaniya erlar vaziriga ular yaqinda sotib olgan Kempbellning vorfini portga qoziqlarga tashlab yuborish orqali uzaytirish to'g'risida murojaat qildi. Qo'shimcha diagramma shuni ko'rsatdiki, ular allaqachon bandargohdan meliorativ holatni tiklash uchun belgilangan chegaraga etishgan. Ularning arizasi 1876 yil 1 mayda ma'qullandi. Surveyer Vansboro tomonidan 1877 yil 19 oktyabrda ASN Co. tomonidan sotib olish uchun da'vo qilingan erlarning rejasi tuzildi.[1]

1876 ​​yil may oyida ASN Co. kompaniyasining kotibi tomonidan Kempbellning Wharf-ni sotib olganini aytdi £ 100000. Sotishni yakunlashdan oldin, Kempbelllar olib tashlashi kerak bo'lgan unvonda ba'zi bir to'siqlar bor edi, ayniqsa, 1843 yil iyundan boshlab Liverpul va London va Sidneyning Globe sug'urta kompaniyasi tomonidan olib borilgan garov. Jon Kempbell 1877 yil 6-yanvarda Kempbellning Wharf oldida 2 tomdan 5 ta perchdan iborat bo'lgan qaytarib olingan erlarni sotib olish uchun ariza bergan. JF Mannning 1877 yil 4-yanvardagi rejasida, ilova bilan birga suv chegaralari va ba'zi binolar ko'rsatilgan, ammo Kempbell do'konlari emas. Rejada asl suv markasi do'konlarning oldida ekanligi ko'rsatilgan. Ushbu sohada Yuqori suv belgisi uchun cheklov belgilanmaganligi sababli, ariza qabul qilindi.[1]

1877 yil noyabrda nashr etilgan batafsil hisobotda ASN Co tomonidan Kempbellning Wharf-ga kiritilgan o'zgarishlar ko'rsatilgan. Tomas Makredining nazorati ostida yangi iskala qurdi. Uzunligi 320 fut bo'lgan iskala 76 va 107 metr (250 va 350 fut) uzunlikdagi ikkita iskala qurilishi ostida bo'lgan. Dengizchilar cherkovi oldida harakatlanadigan Jorj ko'chasiga 15 metr kenglikda (50 fut) yangi yo'l qo'shilishi rejalashtirilgan edi. Iskandarlarni qurish uchun turpentin dengiz suvi ta'sirida bo'lgan barcha yog'ochlarga, temir po'stlog'i va boshqa qattiq yog'ochlarga esa qavslar, to'sinlar va taxtalar ishlatilgan. Kompaniyaning eski ishlaridan qazib olingan toshdan dengiz devori qurilgan Pirmont, yangi ofislari uchun tosh kabi. Kempbellning do'konida o'n bitta koy va ikki qavatli do'kon ko'rsatilgan. 1878 yildagi Jorj ko'chasini Shimolni ASN Co. erlari orqali uzaytirish to'g'risidagi taklif kompaniyaning rivojlanishi bilan bog'liq edi. 1877-1878 yillarda do'konlarning ijarasi o'zgargan. 1877 yilda ular "Kempbellning bog'langan do'konlari" deb nomlangan. 1878 yilda Sands katalogi bu erda ASN Co. Saytda "Metkalf obligatsiyasi va bepul do'konlar" bo'lib, D.Murrey omborxona qo'riqchisi sifatida ishlagan. Do'konlar keyinchalik "Metcalfe Stores" nomini saqlab qolishdi.[1]

Jon Kempbellga 1 gektarlik 1 ta tomorqa va 22 ta er maydonlari to'g'risidagi "Crown Lands" qonuni bo'yicha qaytarib olingan erlarni sotib olish orqali Kempbellning iskala oldidagi Sidney koyidan qaytarib beriladigan grant olishga ruxsat berildi. £ 100, va grant 1878 yil 17-dekabrda berildi. 1879 yil 4-iyulda u qaytarib olingan erga egalik huquqini rasmiy ravishda ASN Co-ga topshirdi. 1879-yil oktyabr oyida Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company iskandarning janubiy qismini ijaraga oldi. £ Yiliga 1,750. 1881 yil 15-fevralda Peninular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company-ga iskala qismining keyingi ijarasi imzolandi.[1]

Kempbellning mulkini shakllantirgan erning bir qismi yashiringan. 1880 yil yanvar oyida shahar kengashiga bir er uchastkasi sotildi £ Jorj ko'chasini kengaytirish uchun 4000. Jorj ko'chasiga qaragan erlar sotish uchun turli xil kim oshdi savdogarlari qo'liga topshirildi. Richardson va Wrench 1880 yil 15 oktyabrda Horse Ferry Road va Jorj ko'chalari o'rtasida 19 ta lotni sotish uchun taklif qilishdi. Sharqda savdo rejasida "Metkalf bog'langan va bepul do'konlar" ko'rsatildi. Kompaniya kotibi 1881 yil may oyida ASN Co. "Kempbellning bog'i" ni sotganligini xabar qildi £ 25,000.[1]

Kompaniya sobiq Kempbell do'konlariga, hozirda nomi bilan tanilgan Metkalf obligatsiyalar do'konlari, turli xil ijarachilarga. 1882 yilda J Upward "Metkalfga bog'langan do'konlarning" egasi sifatida Sands kataloglarida paydo bo'ldi. 1880-yillarning boshlariga oid "Metkalf bog'langan va bepul do'konlar" ning fotosuratida J. Upward mulk egasi sifatida bino hali ikki qavatli bo'lganida ko'rsatilgan. Uchrashuvni Charlz Bullok yakunlaganida Bosh tadqiqotchi 1882 yil dekabrda uning rejasi binolarni shimoliy oxirida hukumat bosmaxonasining filial do'koni bilan "Bog'langan va bepul do'konlar" sifatida ko'rsatdi.[1]

1884 yil sentyabrda ASN Co., Kempbellning eski uyi o'rnida yangi ofislar va to'rtta do'kon qurish uchun 30 ming funt sterlingga shartnomani qabul qildi. Kempbellning do'konlari deb nomlangan do'konlar buzilmadi, ehtimol ular dizayni va dizayni jihatidan nisbatan zamonaviy bo'lib, o'ttiz yoshdan oshgan edi. Ehtimol, ularga ishni moliyalashtirishga imkon berish uchun, kompaniya 1885 yil 31 martda o'zlarining erlarini Avstraliyaning o'zaro ta'minlovchi jamiyatiga ipoteka kreditini oldi.[1]

Kempbell do'konlarini buzishdan ko'ra, kompaniya ularni kattalashtirdi. H. P. Dovening sug'urta kompaniyalari uchun tuzilgan 1882 yilgi rejalarida Metkalf Bond ikki qavatli, har biri ikki qavatga bo'linib, bog'langan yoki bepul bo'lgan, o'n bitta koyli, ikki qavatli devor sifatida ko'rsatilgan. 1887 yilda ushbu rejalarga tuzatishlar nashr etilganida, uning rejalari Metkalf Bondni uch qavatli ekanligini ko'rsatdi. U hali ham o'n bitta koydan iborat edi, lekin har bir ko'rfazga qo'shimcha daraja uchta xonaning borligini ta'minladi. Uchta ko'rfazning har bir guruhida o'zaro bog'langan eshiklar ko'rsatilgan.[1]

Ushbu ishlar, iskala egaligidagi katta o'zgarishlardan oldin bajarilgan. 1886 yilga kelib, ASN Co. raqib transport kompaniyalarining raqobati va narxlariga mos kelish harakatlari tufayli haddan tashqari kengaytirildi. Kempbellning vorfini sotib olish va keyinchalik iskelni qayta tiklash uchun sarflangan xarajatlar katta taktik xato edi. Bu kompaniyaga erning kapital qiymatidan, ayniqsa Jorj ko'chasiga qaragan er uchastkasini sotishdan, ba'zi foydali daromadlarni olishga imkon bergan bo'lsa-da, kompaniyani asl bazasidan uzoqlashtirish Darling Makoni uni dengiz qirg'oqlari savdosi markazidan olib qo'ydi. Bundan tashqari, u tovarlari uchun yuqori kartaj haqini to'lashi kerak edi Dumaloq kvay. Kompaniya uchun masalalar tobora qiyinlashib bordi, shunda u uvertura qildi Kvinslend bug 'etkazib berish kompaniyasi 1886 yil 30-oktyabrda, natijada ikki kompaniyaning birlashishi natijasida Australasian United Steam Navigation Company. U ASN Co.ning muhandislik ishlaridan tashqari barcha aktivlarini o'z zimmasiga oldi. Kompaniya allaqachon etarli miqdordagi iskala o'tkazgan va Kempbellning Wharf-ni ortiqcha deb topgan. 1887 yil 21-mayda Australasian Steam Navigation Company, keyinchalik tugatilib, hukumatga Kempbellning Wharf-ni taklif qildi. £ 300,000. Bug 'kemalarining hammasini sotgan edi. Iskandarning katta qismi ijaraga olingan deb ta'riflangan. Ushbu iskala tavsifi uning ro'yxatiga kiritilgan "Tosh ustiga g'ishtdan qurilgan o'n bitta uch qavatli do'konlar", ular Metkalf Bond nomi bilan tanilgan va J. Upward-ga ruxsat berilgan. £ 1690 yil 1890 yil iyulgacha ijaraga olingan. Hukumat 1887 yil 26-iyulda faqat taklif qilmoqchi bo'lgan javob berdi £ 275,000 ASN iskala uchun, keyinchalik kompaniya aktsiyadorlari tomonidan qabul qilingan taklif.[1]

Toj egasi

1887 yil 27 sentyabrda hukumat tadqiqotchisi SE Perdriau erni o'rganib chiqdi va u 3 gektar 10 ta maydonni tashkil etganligini aniqladi, shundan 1 gektar 2 tomorqa va 28 ta maydon 1814 yilgi grantning bir qismi bo'lib, 1 gektar 1 gumbazli 22 pog'ona maydonga kiritilgan. Qaytarib olingan er uchun 1878 yil. Hukumatga sotish uchun qog'ozlarga topshirilgan va ehtimol Perdriau tomonidan tayyorlangan rejada saytdagi barcha binolar ko'rsatilgan. ASN Co-dan tojgacha bo'lgan iskala rasmiy ravishda etkazilishi 1887 yil 28 oktyabrda sodir bo'lgan £ 275,000. Hujjatga hamrohlik qilayotgan reja shuni ko'rsatdiki, Kempbellning 1814 yildagi grantining Quyi Jorj ko'chasi bo'ylab J. V. Kliff va V. Klarkga sotilgan. Bundan tashqari, saytdagi barcha binolar ko'rsatildi. Metkalf do'konlari 1814 yilgi grantga to'liq emas, balki qisman qaytarib olingan erga qurilgan deb ko'rsatildi.[1]

Hukumat Navigatsiya taxtasi slipwayini qurish uchun ko'pgina binolarni buzib tashladi, faqat Metcalfe Bond do'konlari qoldi. P & O kompaniyasini ijaradan chiqarib yubordi va 1888 yilda Flood and Company tomonidan ishg'ol qilingan P & O binolarini buzgan va yangilarini qurgan Blekuoll va Kompaniyaga erni ijaraga berdi.[1]

1889 yilgi batafsil tadqiqotlar Metkalf Bond do'konlari konturini ko'rsatdi. So'rovning 1895 yilgi versiyasi shimol tomonda joylashgan Hukumat matbaa idorasi filiali bilan ko'rsatilgan do'konlarning konturini ko'rsatdi. ASN Co. sobiq iskala maydonchasini qayta qoplash ishlari olib borildi Jamoat ishlari bo'limi qiymati bo'yicha 1890 yilda £ 454/1/3. Upward & Co. of Circular Quay, hech bo'lmaganda 1901 yilgacha Metkalf do'konlarini ijaraga olishni davom ettirdi.[1]

1901 yilda Sidney Makoniga Ishonch Do'konlarni egallab oldi. 1901 yildagi Darling Harborni qayta tiklash rejasi Metkalf do'konlarini shimoliy uchida hukumat matbaa idorasi bo'limi bilan bog'langan va bepul do'konlar sifatida ko'rsatadi. So'rov 1895 yilda o'tkazilgan batafsil tadqiqotga asoslanganga o'xshaydi. Xuddi shu yili Sidney Harbor Trust bilan kelishuvga erishildi Norddeutscher Lloyd kompaniyaning uch yilga ijaraga beradigan ofislari va boshqa binolari bilan 305 va 12 metr (1000 va 40 fut) kenglikdagi yangi iskala qurish. £ Yiliga 2500. Ushbu ish bilan bir qatorda egizak tirgaklarni to'liq uzunlikdagi shiyponlar bilan muhim markaziy iskala bo'lib qayta qurish ishlari olib borildi. Shuningdek, 1901 yilda Sidney Harbor Trust aktivlar reyestrini tuzdi, unda sobiq Kempbellning iskala uchun "Ikkita katta do'kon tosh va g'isht, har uch qavatdan shiferlangan tom. Janubiy do'konda tosh va g'ishtdan qurilgan o'n bitta bo'lim mavjud. Shimoliy Do'konda toshdan qurilgan to'rtta bo'lim mavjud ". Shimoliy do'konga oid eslatma Buzib tashlash. Janubiy do'konning ijarachisiga "Upward & Coy" nomi berildi £ Oyiga to'lanadigan yiliga 500. Sidney Harbour Trust Metcalfe do'konlarini saqlab qoldi va Norddeutscher Lloyd iskala binosiga hamroh bo'lgan binolarni ulgurji ko'chirishda buzmadi. 1902 yilda u ta'mirlash xarajatlarini o'z zimmasiga oldi £ Metkalfning obligatsiyalar do'koniga 15.07.07. Kichik ta'mirlash ishlari keyingi hisobotlarda ko'rsatildi.[1]

Yigirmanchi asr davomida yana bir qator o'zgartirishlar amalga oshirildi. 1932 yilda Metkalf Bond do'konlaridagi shimoliy qo'shimchada yong'in chiqdi, u erda hukumatning bosmaxonasining bir qismi va Metkalfe va Upward ofislari joylashgan edi. Metkalfe va Upward do'konlari markazidagi ikkinchi qavatga yong'in chiqqandan keyin harakat qilishdi. Yong'in natijasida zarar ko'rgan g'isht bo'limi keyinchalik tiklandi. 1958 yilda Metkalf Do'konlarining eng janubidagi ko'rfazi qurilishiga ruxsat berish uchun olib tashlandi Chet elda yo'lovchi terminali, o'n koyni qoldirib.[1]

Tijorat dengizchilik faoliyatining Sidney Kovidan chiqib ketishi va Darling Makoni va Pirmontga o'tishi yigirmanchi asrda Kempbell do'konlariga ta'sir ko'rsatdi. O'n to'qqizinchi asr oxirida Circular Quay sayyohlar va kunduzgi sayohatchilar uchun termin sifatida rivojlandi. Tijorat va ko'ngilochar tadbirlarning aralashuvi Sidney Kovida, ayniqsa dam olish kunlarida, tiqilinch bo'lishiga olib keldi. Harbour Trust 1901 yilda hududni o'z qo'liga olganidan keyin birinchi harakatlaridan biri bu qirg'oqning quruqligini qayta tiklash va sharqiy tomonida ikkita jetti va uzun bo'yli iskala qurish orqali tirbandlikni bartaraf etishga urinish edi. Bennelong nuqtasi. Koyning sharqiy tomoni 1930-yillarda rekreatsion transportga bag'ishlangan va shu maqsadda 1950-yillarda butunlay qayta qurilgan, tijorat faoliyati Kempbellning Wharf atrofida 1950 yillarning oxiri va 60-yillarning boshlarida davom etgan. Shu bilan birga, ushbu hududning tijorat transporti uchun ahamiyati pasayib ketdi va bu Kempbell do'konlaridan foydalanish tartibini o'zgartirishda aks etdi. O'tgan asrning 60-yillarida Chet elda yo'lovchilar terminali o'rnatilgandan so'ng, bu joy tijorat yuk tashish zonasi sifatida ishlatilmadi, chunki bu kabi barcha tadbirlar Darling Harbor va Pirmontga ko'chib o'tdi. Keyinchalik Kempbell do'konlari nazoratiga o'tdi Sidney koyini qayta qurish bo'yicha ma'muriyat (keyinchalik Sidney Cove Authority) dengiz xizmatlari kengashi tomonidan topshirilgandan so'ng (Sidney Harbor Trustning vorisi) 1970 yilda. Keyinchalik Sidney Kov ma'muriyati do'konlarni qayta qurdi va do'konning hozirgi restoran zonasi sifatida foydalanishiga yo'l ochdi. 1980-yillarning o'rtalarida Kempbell do'konlari atrofida muhim ishlar amalga oshirildi. Avstraliya ikki yuz yillik Kempbell do'konlari yaqinidagi ba'zi bir iskala joylarini olib tashlashni o'z ichiga olgan bayramlar. 1998 yilda Sidney bandargohidagi qirg'oq ma'muriyati hududni o'z qo'liga oldi, shu jumladan Kempbell do'konlari.[1][6]

Tavsif

Ushbu sayt shimoldan Park Hyatt mehmonxonasiga, sharqda dengiz porti devoriga va janubiy sharqdan dastlabki Campbell Stores binosi joylashgan joyni o'z ichiga oladi. Kempbell bog'lari joylashgan joyda joylashgan yangi Metcalfe do'konlari - bu tegishli sayt. Kempbell do'konlari o'n bitta gable old, uch qavatli baland to'rtburchaklar rejasi koylar. Ko'rfazlar deyarli sharqqa g'arbiy yo'naltirilgan va qurilganida qisman melioratsiya qilingan erlarda qurilgan va iskala chetidan atigi 20 metr (66 fut) uzoqlikda bo'lgan. Bino umuman shimoldan janubga yo'naltirilgan. Eng shimoliy ko'rfaz (11-ko'rfaz) boshqa o'n koyga qadar turli xil materiallar va qurilishlardan iborat bo'lib, 1890-yillarda qurilgan so'nggi qurilish edi. U zudlik bilan janubda joylashgan bir xil o'nta ko'rfazdan iborat. 1-10-chi qo'chqorlarning eni 8,1 metr (27 fut) va uzunligi 15,8 metr (52 fut) bo'lgan o'lchamlari deyarli bir xil. 1-10-chi koylar doimiy ravishda (sharqqa) ega jabha ) va ikkala teshiklari bo'lgan orqa (g'arbiy jabha). Hozirgi kunda barcha ko'rfazlarda zamin qavat beton plita bo'lib, 2 va 3-darajali qavatlar yog'och ustunlardagi yog'och taxtalardir. Oddiy tomlar shifer bilan qoplangan, qo'rg'oshin qopqog'i va mis bilan qoplangan truba oluklari. 1-10 koylari qumtosh ichki va tashqi tomondan 2-darajaning yuqori qismiga, yuqoridagi g'isht bilan, shu qatorda gable uchlari bilan inshootlar. Qurilgan dastlabki beshta koy, 1851/52 yillarda qurilgan va hozirgi 6-10 koylardir. Hozirgi 3-5 koylar bo'lgan yana uchta koy, 1858 yil atrofida qurilgan va oxirgi uchta koy 1860 yilga qadar tugagan. Ushbu so'nggi uchta koydan 1958 yilda qurilgan eng janubidagi va oxirgisi buzilgan. Circular Quay-da birinchi chet elga etkazib berish terminali. Bu endi 1 va 2-koylar deb nomlanuvchi ikkita koyni va qolgan sakkiztani Kempbell do'konlari deb nom olgan guruhni tashkil etdi. Bino 1 va 2-koylar va 4 va 5-koylar o'rtasida taxminan 0,3 metr (1 fut 0 dyuym) ko'tarilishi bilan janubga qarab qadam tashladilar, bu darajadagi o'zgarish gable sathida va ikkinchi darajadagi mag'lubiyat kursi tomonidan aniq ko'rinib turdi. sill kursi. Dastlab qurib bitkazilgach, bino atigi ikki qavatli edi.[1][7](p52)

Izoh: Ushbu binoda gidravlik ko'targich va bitta silindrli gaz dvigatellari mavjud bo'lib, ular bino ichida joylashgan.[1]

Uslub: dengiz gurji; Do'konlar: 3; Fasad: Qumtosh (1-10 koylar) 2-darajaning yuqori qismigacha, yuqoridagi g'isht bilan, shu qatorda gable uchlari bilan. Bay 11 g'ishtdir.; Yon orqa devorlar: qumtosh; Ichki devorlar: qumtosh; Uyingizda qoplamasi: tomlari qo'rg'oshin qopqog'i va mis bilan qoplangan truba oluklari bilan shifer bilan qoplangan; Zamin karkasi: barcha ko'rfazlardagi pastki qavat beton plita bo'lib, 2 va 3-darajali qavatlar yog'och ustunlardagi yog'och taxtalar; Uyingizda ramkasi: yog'och.[1]

Vaziyat

2006 yil 24 may holatiga binoan tashqi tomondan bino juda yaxshi holatda: devorlarda yoriqlar mavjud va qumtoshga ishora qilish kerak.[8] Ichki tomondan, eng past darajadagi qumtosh devorlarining ayrim qismlari juda yomon ahvolda. Bundan tashqari, katta miqdordagi mato va fitting ishlariga zarar etkazgan yoki yashirgan ko'plab o'zgarishlar amalga oshirildi.[7](p146–148) Kempbell do'konlari saytida ilgari foydalanish va uni rivojlantirish bilan bog'liq potentsial arxeologik, ilmiy va tadqiqot ahamiyati mavjud.[7](p89) Yog'och to'siqlar olib tashlandi va Cumberland ko'chasidagi 190-uyda saqlanmoqda. Qolgan yog'ochlarga profilaktika ishlari olib borildi.[8][1] Potentsial arxeologik resurs.[1]

Arxeologiyani baholash sharti: qisman bezovta qilingan. Baholash asoslari: Kempbells Kovidan tepalikka terrasa qilingan. Tekshiruv: Arxeologik baholash[1]

O'zgartirishlar va sanalar

1882 va 1887 yillar oralig'ida do'konlarga uchinchi daraja qo'shildi. Pastki ikki sathdan farqli o'laroq, bu qo'shimchalar quruq presslangan, yaxshilab birlashtirilgan g'ishtda bo'lgan Ingliz tili. Gable tosh uchi butunlay olib tashlandi va uning o'rniga g'isht qo'yildi. Yilda v. 1895 yoki 1915 yil shimoliy qismida qo'shimcha ko'rfaz qurilgan. 1958 yilda Chet elda yo'lovchi terminalini qurish uchun janubiy ko'rfaz buzib tashlandi. O'shandan beri Kempbell do'konlari kamida ikkita moslashuvdan o'tdi. Birinchisi 1970 yilga qadar bo'lgan va bu haqda kam narsa ma'lum. Yangi tashkil etilgan SCRA Kempbell do'konlarining tijorat maqsadlarida foydalanishdagi eng tub o'zgarishini va 1883 yilda uchinchi daraja qo'shilganidan buyon matolarning eng katta o'zgarishini nazorat qildi. Qayta tiklash 1974/75 yillarda boshlangan va 1978/79 yillarda tugagan. Sidneydagi birinchi yirik restavratsiya loyihalaridan biri bo'lib, unga zarar etkazilgan qumtoshni almashtirish va binoning g'arbiy tomoni bo'ylab xizmat ko'rsatish tunnelini qurish kiradi. Umuman olganda, o'tgan asrning 70-yillarida qilingan ishlar bugungi kungacha o'zgarishsiz qoldi.[7][9] 1996 yildan beri sifatsiz ta'mirlangan toshbo'ron qilish bo'yicha ba'zi bir tuzatish ishlari olib borildi.[1][8]

2015-2018 yillarni qayta rejalashtirish

2011 yilda muhokamalar Sidney Harbor Foreshore Authority (SHFA) va Dockside va Imperial Peking restoran guruhidan iborat qo'shma korxona o'rtasida boshlangan. Dockide va Imperial Peking restoran guruhi Kempbell do'konlarida asosiy ijarachilar hisoblanadi. 2012 yil 19-noyabrdagi xati bilan mavjud ijarachilar Kempbell do'konlarini qayta rivojlantirish uchun moliyaviy taklifni o'z ichiga olgan SHFAga takliflar yuborishdi. Mavjud ijarachilar taqdim etish va davom etayotgan muzokaralar uchun Tallavolada (Pty Limited) maxsus maqsadli transport vositasini yaratdilar. SHFA Tallawoladah moliyaviy taklifini ko'rib chiqqandan so'ng, SHFA asosiy kelishuvda bino va jamoat mulki ishlarini ajratish, shu jumladan Promenade-ni tushirish bilan Promenade-ni NSW hukumati doirasiga kirishi va ular xavf ostida bo'lishini tasdiqladi. Printsipial shartnomada ijara, ijara narxining ko'tarilishi va ijara shartnomasi uchun ijara muddati, shu jumladan shartlar belgilangan

Tavsiya etilgan ta'mirlash quyidagilarni o'z ichiga olgan:

  • Intuziv tashqi elementlarni va unchalik ahamiyatga ega bo'lmagan ichki moslamalarni olib tashlash: Kempbell do'konlarining umumiy ahamiyati 1980-yillarning soyabon soyabonlari va suzib yuruvchi kemalar ustunlarini sharqiy balandlikdan olib chiqib, Kempbellning Koviga boradigan yo'lni olib tashlash bilan qayta tiklanishi kerak. 1980-yillar janubiy g'isht devoridan 1-ko'rfazgacha va Kempbell do'konlarining shimoliy uchidagi sirli pavilonni olib tashlash, 12-Bay deb nomlangan. Kempbell do'konlarining ichki qismi ko'plab oshxona va maishiy joylardan, mol ko'targichlardan, zinapoyalar va barcha xizmatlar, shu jumladan ortiqcha konditsioner.

Ushbu ishlar Kempbell do'konlarining ko'rinishini, xususan, sayyohlik va bandargohdan ko'rinishini yaxshilaydi, shuningdek ichki matolarning ekspozitsiyasini va kerakli konservatsiyani osonlashtiradi.

  • Tabiatni muhofaza qilish va rekonstruksiya qilish ishlari: Kempbell do'konlarining Sidneyning joylashishiga qo'shgan tarixiy hissasini ta'kidlash va nishonlash uchun mavjud qumtosh binosi sezgir tarzda saqlanib qoladi. Bir qator tuzatish ishlari Campbell's Stores binosining hozirgi eskirganligini, shu jumladan mavjud bo'ronli suv osti infratuzilmasini yangilashni, avtoulovlarning yo'l qoplamalari darajasini va er osti shamollatilishini ta'minlashni o'z ichiga oladi. Shuningdek, ishlarga eskirgan matoni saqlab qolish, shiferlarni tomga almashtirish va ortiqcha ichki devor va pol teshiklarini rekonstruksiya qilish kiradi.

Bular ShFA (va ularning maslahatchilari) tomonidan asl qurilish matolarining, shu jumladan qumtosh devorlarining mavjud bo'lgan buzilishini bartaraf etish uchun tashkil etilgan tabiatni muhofaza qilish ishlarining bir qismidir, bu esa tabiatni muhofaza qilishni boshqarish rejasida keltirilgan asosiy tavsiyalarni etkazib berishga katta hissa qo'shadi. Godden Mackay Logan tomonidan 2014 yilda tayyorlangan (SHFA uchun) va Meros Kengashi tomonidan tasdiqlangan.

  • Adaptiv qayta ishlatish va jonlantirish: Kempbell do'konlarining moslashuvchan qayta ishlatilishi, saytga kirishni yaxshilash, yangi qulayliklar va yangi xizmatlarning kelajakdagi oshxona jihozlari uchun infratuzilmasini o'z ichiga oladi. Taklif qilinayotgan moslashuvchan qayta foydalanuvchi homiyning qulayligi uchun maydon bo'ylab yangi avtoulov va shimolda "Bay 12" deb nomlangan yangi mustaqil qurilish bilan to'ldiriladi, bu Kempbell do'konlarini toshlar uchastkasi.

Restoran, kafe va barlar uchun mavjud bo'lgan binoni qayta qurish taklif etilayotgani, kelajak avlodlar uchun doimiy ravishda foydalanish uchun Kempbell do'konlarini rejalashtirilgan konservatsiyasini yakunlaydi. The continued use of the building for restaurants is in accordance with the recommendations of the Conservation Management Plan, which seeks to maximise public access to the Campbell’s Stores to enable an appreciation of its heritage significance by a broad range of visitors.

Meros ro'yxati

As at 24 February 2005, Campbell's Stores and site are of State heritage significance for their historical and scientific cultural values. Joy va bino, shuningdek, o'z-o'zidan Davlat merosi ahamiyatiga ega bo'lgan Toshlar maydoniga qo'shgan hissasi uchun ham davlat merosiga ega.[1]

Campbell's Stores are a superb example of mid-nineteenth century warehouse buildings, now rare in Sydney. They are the only warehouses of their type remaining on the foreshores of Sydney Cove, the hub of commerce and international shipping transport until the late nineteenth century. As a memorable and easily recognisable landmark in The Rocks, visible from a wide area of Sidney porti, they have iconic value as a symbol of mid nineteenth century Sydney. Campbell's Stores have historic significance for their association with the Campbell family, one of the earliest and most influential free immigrant families in Australia. They are the surviving element of a complex of wharves and stores that began in 1801 with the construction by Robert Campbell of the first privately owned wharf in Australia. Later significant associations include the Australasian Steam Navigation Company, one of the most important commercial shipping and transport companies in Australian, and the Sydney Harbour Trust, established by the Government following of the bubonic plague scares of 1901. Campbell Stores is significant for its association with commercial Bond and Free store usage for over one hundred and twenty years, with each successive owner, including the Sydney Harbour Trust and Maritime Services Board, leasing sections of the Stores to a variety of merchant companies.The changes made to Campbell's Stores provide evidence of the changing commercial fortunes of maritime Sydney. The construction of the first five bays demonstrate economic growth following the 1840s depression, and the additional six bays demonstrate further economic growth, following the 1850s gold rushes. The construction of the third level by the ASN Co in the mid 1880s demonstrates a further period of economic growth and also of a change in the functional operation of the Stores, as evidenced by the inter-connection of the top floor spaces.[1]

The adaptive reuse of the building in the 1970s represents an early approach to the conservation of historic buildings. The continued subsequent use of the building for a series of restaurants demonstrates the changing uses of Sydney Cove from industrial purposes to largely tourist-related purposes. The design, form and materials of Campbell's Stores contribute to their aesthetic significance as a complex of buildings of high visual and sensory appeal. Their design elements reflect their original function in a simple but dignified manner. Their form is a coherent whole, made up of repetitive gabled bays combined with an undulating rhythm of door and window openings. The consistent use of sandstone, brick and slate materials reinforces this visual coherence and provides an appearance of solidity and quality.[1]

Campbell's Stores represent a surviving example of mid nineteenth century style warehouses; a building type once common around Sydney Cove, but now rare. The gabled bay form, cathead beams, hoists, goods aprons and doors are evidence of an older warehouse style. The form, bars on openings and lack of internal connections between bays evidence the security required for bond store use.Campbell's Stores have social significance for their contemporary role in cultural tourism. They are esteemed as an historic icon by Sydney-siders as well as international and domestic tourists, due to their appearance, location and use. Campbell's Stores have technical/research significance because of their potential to contribute further to our understanding of the early maritime activity around Sydney Cove and, in particular, within the Campbell's Wharf complex. They also have the ability to contribute further to our understanding of the use and operations of mid-nineteenth century warehouse buildings, particularly in relation to goods handling and the changes in technology that occurred over time. The remnant hoisting equipment of the Campbell's Stores building provides evidence of the changes of technology in goods handling and haulage that occurred during the nineteenth and twentieth century. The hydraulic hoisting equipment and the winches in particular are evocative of the industrial nature of the site and the hydraulic hoists are prominent examples within the Sydney area. They demonstrate the scale and efficiency of the industrial processes undertaken at Campbell's Stores during its use as dockside goods storage.[1][6]

High Significance Fabric: Original fabric from the first three phases of construction (up to v. 1885). Industrial items including the hydraulic hoist are also of high significance.Medium Significance Fabric: Bay 11 (Branch Stores Government Printer) v. 1895, Bay 10 alterations made to facilitate the construction of Hickson Road, v. 1915. New door openings made on Level 2 as a result of the construction of Hickson Road in v. 1915. Low Significance Fabric: Reconstruction of fabric as part of 1970s restoration program (e.g. sandstone restoration of eastern ground floor facade). Fabric introduced to provide for new uses in 1970s works (e.g. service tunnel at rear, original restaurant, adaptation work, etc.).[1][7](p106–143)

Campbell's Stores was listed on the Yangi Janubiy Uels davlat merosi reestri 2002 yil 10 mayda quyidagi mezonlarga javob bergan.[1]

Ushbu joy Yangi Janubiy Uelsdagi madaniy yoki tabiiy tarixning yo'nalishini yoki naqshini namoyish etishda muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Campbell's Stores are a rare example of mid nineteenth century warehousing in Sydney and the only of its type remaining on the foreshores of Sydney Cove. Campbell's Stores provide evidence of the changing nature of activities around Sydney Cove, the importance of this area as the hub of commerce and international shipping transport until the late nineteenth century, and its recent role as a cultural focus of international importance. The construction of the first five bays of Campbell's Stores in 1851-52 demonstrate the improved and changing commercial fortunes of Sydney and the Campbell family from the late 1840s after the earlier depression. The construction of the additional six bays between 1858 and 1861 demonstrate further economic growth and the impact of the 1851 gold rushes, that resulted in an increased colonial population and the need in Sydney and NSW for commercial storage. The construction of the third level of Campbell's Stores by the Australasian Steam Navigation Company in the mid 1880s demonstrates a further period of commercial confidence in Sydney during a highly competitive period when the expansion and absorption of companies was reshaping the corporate structures of New South Wales shipping. The withdrawal of the ASN Co from Campbell's Stores in the late 1880s reflects the increasing dominance of Darling Harbour as the principal area of commercial shipping activity in Sydney. The hydraulic hoists and winches fixed to the building demonstrate some of the technological changes in late nineteenth-century handling of goods.[1]

The external fabric of the Campbell's Stores demonstrates four phases of technological change in the handling of goods in and around the building. The loading doors on the two lower levels and the cat-head beams of the manual handling phase were in use during most of the nineteenth century. The presence of loading doors on both levels demonstrates that each space, on the upper and lower levels of the bays, were separate from one another. The installation of hydraulic hoisting equipment following the addition of the third level to the Campbell Stores illustrates the goods handling and haulage technology introduced in the late nineteenth century. The hydraulic rams, the gas engine-driven winch and the two motor-driven winches were integral to the efficiency of third floor and demonstrate the development in hoisting equipment from the traditional cat-head hoist at the turn of the century. The internal layout of the Campbell's Stores clearly demonstrates the importance of the lifting devices to the efficiency of operations on all levels. By the twentieth century, all of level three of the Campbell's Store building was served by mechanical lifting equipment, and previously separate bays were linked by openings in the walls on the upper level.[1]

The acquisition of Campbell's Stores by the Government in 1887 is evidence of a broader government interest in controlling infrastructure and utilities, increasing interest in this area as a base for its own maritime activities. Evidence of the Government acquisition is provided by the establishment of the Branch Stores Office of the Government Printing Office, adjacent to the northern end of Campbell's Stores (now Bay 11). The construction of Hickson Road and its impact on Campbell's Stores is evidence of work of the Sydney Harbour Trust and the changes that occurred in this area as a result of the bubonic plague scares of 1901. Evidence of the construction of Hickson Road is found in the alterations to the west facade of Bay 10 and the current alignment of Bay 11. Campbell Stores are significant for their association with commercial Bond and Free Store usage for over one hundred and twenty years from 1851 to v. 1970, with each successive owner, including the Sydney Harbour Trust and Maritime Services Board, leasing sections of the Stores to a variety of merchant companies. The demolition of the southernmost bay of Campbell's Stores to facilitate construction of the elevated roadway for the Overseas Passenger Terminal development is evidence of a shift away from the traditional usage of this area. The fabric and use changes instigated by the Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority in the early 1970s are further evidence of the increasing importance of The Rocks as a tourist destination and cultural area and an interest in historic buildings generally. This was one of the first major adaptive reuse and restoration projects undertaken in Sydney and it reflects the philosophical approach to conservation at the time. The existence of Campbell's Stores is indicative of the success of the "green bans" in the 1970s which prevented the wholesale redevelopment of The Rocks. The changes that have occurred since the 1970s in the fit-out of the leased areas for restaurant use reflect different aspirations and approaches to the recycling of historic buildings. The interior of the Waterfront Restaurant reflects an "historic" maritime character, the 'Imperial Peking'; and the "Italian Village" are based on a transformation of character using Asian and European cultural imagery, while respectively, "Wolfies" involves a contemporary fit-out which retains more of the original spatial character and finishes than the other examples.[1][6]

Bu joyda yangi Janubiy Uels tarixining madaniy yoki tabiiy tarixi muhim bo'lgan shaxs yoki shaxslar guruhi bilan kuchli yoki maxsus birlashma mavjud.

Campbell's Stores are associated with the Campbell family, one of the first free immigrant families in Australia and one of the most influential. Campbell's Stores are a surviving element of an evolving complex of wharves and stores that began with the construction by Robert Campbell (Sen), the founder of the dynasty, of the first privately owned wharf in Australia, in 1801. Although Campbell's Stores were not built for Robert Campbell (Sen), they was erected for the firm he created which was then managed by his sons. The first five bays of Campbell's Stores demonstrate the consolidation of this pioneer commercial dynasty rather than the pioneering phase of that family's growth. Campbell's Stores were associated with one of the most important commercial shipping and transport companies in Australian history, the ASN Co. The construction of the third level of Campbell's Stores by the ASN Co. in the mid 1880s demonstrates the company's commercial confidence in Sydney. The withdrawal of the ASN Co. from Campbell's Stores in the late 1880s reflects the financial over-extension of the Company. The technology in use in the operation of the hydraulic hoisting equipment and winch is associated with the Clyde Industries Group, one of the earliest and largest manufacturing organisations in Australian history. The large wheels of the winches mounted on Level 3 in Bays 3 and 9, each bear an embossed inscription bearing the words "Hudson Brothers Limited Clyde". Hudson Brothers dominated the Australian manufacturing industry in the late nineteenth century and was later amalgamated into Klayd muhandisligi Co Ltd, responsible for rolling stock, steam locomotives and, most famously, the structural steel for the northern approaches to the Sidney Makoni ko'prigi.[1][6]

Ushbu joy Yangi Janubiy Uelsda estetik xususiyatlarni va / yoki yuqori darajadagi ijodiy yoki texnik yutuqlarni namoyish etishda muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Campbell's Stores are a superb example of mid-nineteenth century warehouse buildings; a building type now rare in Sydney. They have iconic value as a representation of early Sydney, particularly in the area around Sydney Cove and The Rocks. The iconic value of their distinctive form is evidenced by their adoption as the logo of the Sydney Cove Authority. They have landmark value as a dominant and easily recognisable form that is visible from a wide area of Sydney Harbour, the Harbour Bridge and Shimoliy Sidney. The design, form and materials of Campbell's Stores contribute to a complex of buildings of high visual and sensory appeal. Their design reflects and describes the buildings' original function in a simple but dignified manner. Their form is a coherent whole made up of repetitive gabled bays combined with an undulating rhythm of door and window openings. The consistent use of sandstone, brick and slate materials reinforces this visual coherence and provides an appearance of solidity and quality. Campbell's Store have aesthetic significance at a technical level because their form and design details allow for an understanding of their original use. They also represent a surviving example of older style warehouses; a building type once common around Sydney, but now rare. The gabled bay form, cat-head beams, hoists, goods aprons and doors are typical of the older, mid-nineteenth century, warehouse buildings. The gabled bay form, external staircases, bars on openings and lack of internal connections between bays (on Levels 1 and 2) evidence its bond store use. This required secure and segregated spaces, not only between bays but also between levels. The cat-head beams, goods aprons, pulleys, loading doors, hydraulic hoisting equipment and winches are demonstrative of the change from manual handling of goods to the use of hydraulic and other mechanical technology at Campbell's Stores during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The use of hydraulic hoisting equipment and mechanical winches became an integral part of the operations of the Stores, following the addition of a third level in the late nineteenth century. The hydraulic hoisting equipment and winches in particular are a prominent aesthetic element of the Campbell's Stores and are evocative of the industrial origins of this dockside site in Sydney Harbour. The functional design of the third level of the Campbell Stores is significant as it represents a transition in usage between the older style traditional warehouse form of self contained unit bays and the later, larger, warehouses with interconnected spaces. The adaptation of the earlier warehouse illustrates the application of new technology to an older building form. The original internal spatial volumes, timber floor and roof structure and other fabric associated with the original usage of Campbell's Stores is also significant as evidence of their warehouse use and of changes made to them over time for that use. The technology evident in this building such as the hydraulic hoisting equipment is evidence of technical innovation.[6][1]

Bu joyda ijtimoiy, madaniy yoki ma'naviy sabablarga ko'ra Yangi Janubiy Uelsdagi ma'lum bir jamoat yoki madaniy guruh bilan kuchli yoki maxsus birlashma mavjud.

Campbell's Stores have social significance within the contemporary community resulting from their role in cultural tourism. They are esteemed as a well known and easily identifiable historic icon by Sydney-siders as well as international and domestic tourists. Its high level of recognition is due, in part, to its location in one of the key recreational and tourist areas in Sydney and because of its popular restaurant use and resultant public exposure. Its greatest exposure, though, is to the thousands of ferry commuters who pass by it daily on their way to and from work in the city.[6][1]

Joy Yangi Janubiy Uelsning madaniy yoki tabiiy tarixini tushunishga yordam beradigan ma'lumot olish imkoniyatiga ega.

Campbell's Stores have the potential to contribute further to our understanding of the early maritime operation that occurred around Sydney Cove, and in particular within the Campbell's complex (see Section 4.0). They also have the potential to contribute further to our understanding of the use and operations of mid-nineteenth century warehouse buildings, particularly in the area of goods handling and the changes in technology that occurred over time. The Campbell's Stores site has potential archaeological, scientific and research significance relevant to earlier uses and the development of the site. The archaeological significance may have been reduced due to disturbance from later alterations and refurbishment works to the site.[1][6]

Ushbu joyda Yangi Janubiy Uelsning madaniy yoki tabiiy tarixining g'ayrioddiy, kamdan-kam uchraydigan yoki xavf ostida bo'lgan jihatlari mavjud.

Campbell's Stores are a rare example of mid nineteenth century warehousing in Sydney and the only building of its type remaining on the foreshores of Sydney Cove and Sydney Harbour. The collection of late nineteenth-century goods handling equipment is a rare assembly of different types of such equipment in a single location, providing a unique opportunity for comparison and interpretation.[1][6]

Ushbu joy Yangi Janubiy Uelsdagi madaniy yoki tabiiy joylar / muhitlar sinfining asosiy xususiyatlarini namoyish etishda muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Campbell's Stores demonstrates the evolution and importance of Sydney Cove for maritime trading activities. The building is representative of a class of similar masonry warehouses that were once common on the shores of Sydney Harbour. The changes demonstrate the evolution of increasingly large warehouses in the second half of the nineteenth century, and the activities of the former Sydney Harbour Trust. The materials and construction are representative of mid-nineteenth century warehouses. It provides evidence for the lifting and storage of goods in nineteenth century maritime trade.The exterior of the Campbell's Stores Building displays the hydraulic hoisting equipment in use during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The hydraulic hoisting equipment is representative of a range of similar equipment in use in Sydney at the turn of the nineteenth century. The gas engine-driven winch and the motor driven winches are representative of the type scale and technology of mechanical lifting devices of the late nineteenth century in Australia. The winches manufactured by Hudson Brothers is representative of a wide range of mechanical equipment manufactured by this company for the domestic industrial market.[6][1]

Shuningdek qarang

Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ a b v d e f g h men j k l m n o p q r s t siz v w x y z aa ab ak reklama ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar kabi da au av aw bolta ay az "Kempbell do'konlari". Yangi Janubiy Uels davlat merosi reestri. Atrof-muhit va meros bo'limi. H01536. Olingan 14 oktyabr 2018.
  2. ^ Cummins, Carolyn (29 April 2015). "Historic Rocks tourist spot Campbell's Stores to get $30m facelift". Sidney Morning Herald. Olingan 4 noyabr 2018.
  3. ^ McNab, Heather (15 March 2017). "Historic Campbell's Stores site to become home to landscaped terrace". Markaziy Sidney. Olingan 4 noyabr 2018.
  4. ^ Dockside Group (19 May 2017). "Restoration of historic Campbells Stores at Circular Quay". Exhibition and Event Association of Australasia. Olingan 4 noyabr 2018.
  5. ^ Cheung, Alison (24 April 2018). "Revamp of Campbell's Stores at The Rocks to be altered after remains of old building found". Commercial Real Estate; Avstraliya moliyaviy sharhi. Olingan 4 noyabr 2018.
  6. ^ a b v d e f g h men Godden Mackay Logan, 2004.
  7. ^ a b v d e Godden Mackay, 1996.
  8. ^ a b v Wyborn, P., 1999.
  9. ^ SCRA Annual Reports 1975-79

Bibliografiya

  • "Restaurants of the Rocks". 2007.[doimiy o'lik havola ]
  • Jozibaning bosh sahifasi (2007). "Restaurants of the Rocks".
  • Godden Mackay (Heritage Consultants) (1996). Campbell's Stores, The Rocks - Conservation Plan Volumes 1&2.
  • Godden Mackay Logan (2014). Campbell's Stores, The Rocks, Conservation Management Plan.
  • Godden Mackay Logan (2004). Campbells Stores Conservation Management Plan.
  • Xigginbotam, Kass va Uoker (1991). Toshlar va tegirmonchilar Point arxeologik boshqarish rejasi.
  • SCRA (1978). Building Data Sheet CC/01.
  • SCRA (1975). Annual Reports 1975-1979.
  • Sidney Cove Authority (SCA) (1998). SCA Ro'yxatdan o'tish 1979-1998.
  • Wyborn, P (1999). S Xoppga og'zaki maslahat.

Atribut

CC-BY-icon-80x15.png Ushbu Vikipediya maqolasi dastlab asoslangan edi Kempbell do'konlari, entry number 1536 in the Yangi Janubiy Uels davlat merosi reestri ostida Yangi Janubiy Uels shtati va Atrof-muhit va meros idorasi tomonidan nashr etilgan 2018 CC-BY 4.0 litsenziya, kirish 14 oktyabr 2018 yil.

Tashqi havolalar