Jon Edmund Kerrich - John Edmund Kerrich

Jon Edmund Kerrich (1903-1985) a matematik bir qator tajribalar uchun qayd etilgan ehtimollik u internat davomida o'tkazgan Natsist -40-yillarda Daniyani egallab olgan.[1]

Biografiya

Jon Kerrich tug'ilgan Norfolk, Angliya[2] va o'sgan Janubiy Afrika. U erda va u erda ta'lim olgan Buyuk Britaniya (Matematika va magistr astronomiyasi bo'yicha birinchi darajali mukofotlar, Witwatersrand universiteti; Aktuar matematikasi bo'yicha diplom, Edinburg universiteti ).

U 1929 yilda matematika o'qituvchisi, olti yildan so'ng katta o'qituvchi etib tayinlandi. 1940 yil aprel oyida Kopengagendagi qaynonalarga tashrif buyurgan Kerrich Natsistlar bosqini[3] va internirlangan Hald Ege, Viborg, Midtjylland. U erda u tangalar va yordamida oddiy tajribalar o'tkazdi stol tennisi bir qator asosiy ehtimollik qonunlarining empirik asosliligini namoyish etish uchun to'plar.

Tugaganidan keyin ozod qilinganida Ikkinchi jahon urushi, Kerrich o'zining tajribalari haqidagi hisobotni qisqa nomli kitobida nashr etdi Ehtimollar nazariyasiga eksperimental kirish.[4] Dastlab Daniyada nashr etilgan ushbu kitob keyinchalik Witwatersrand universiteti Matbuot.

1957 yilda Kervit Vitvaterrand Universitetining statistika bo'yicha professori etib tayinlandi va 1971 yilda nafaqaga chiqdi. Ikki o'g'li bilan turmush qurgan.[2]

Empirik ehtimollik bo'yicha tajribalar

Uning paytida internatsiya, Kerrich internatdosh Erik Kristensen bilan ishlagan. Eng mashhur namoyishi edi Jeykob Bernulli mashhur Katta raqamlar qonuni ular 10 000 marta tashlagan tanga yordamida. Sinovlar davom etar ekan, olingan boshlarning sonini qayd etib, Kerrich asimptotik ravishda olingan boshlarning nisbati nazariy qiymatga 50 foizga yaqinlashishini namoyish qildi (aniq son 5,067, ya'ni 1,34 standart og'ishlar ko'p marta tashlangan "adolatli" tanga uchun o'rtacha qiymatdan yuqori).[5]

Kerrich va Kristensen, shuningdek, qisman qo'rg'oshin bilan qoplangan yog'och diskdan yasalgan "bir tomonlama tanga" yordamida tajribalar o'tkazdilar, bu uning taxminan 70 foizga teng bo'lgan barqaror asimptotik holatga moyilligini ko'rsatdi.

Bundan tashqari, juftlik namoyish qilish uchun stol tennisi to'plaridan foydalangan Bayes teoremasi.[6][Qanaqasiga? ]

Kompyuter simulyatsiyalari paydo bo'lgunga qadar, 1946 yilda nashr etilgan Kerrichning tadqiqotlari ehtimollikning asimptotik xususiyatiga dalil sifatida keltirilgan. U hali ham empirik matematikaning klassik tadkikoti sifatida qaralmoqda.2000 tangalarni almashtirishning adolatli natijalari quyidagi jadvalda keltirilgan bo'lib, ularning biri 1 bosh va 0 quyruq vakili.

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Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ Gelman, Endryu; Debora Nolan (2002 yil 1-noyabr). "Siz o'limni yuklashingiz mumkin, lekin tanga tarafkashlik qila olmaysiz". Amerika statistikasi. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2016 yil 24 fevralda. Olingan 19 mart 2013.
  2. ^ a b "SASA prezidentlari: 1953-1959 yillarning birinchi o'n yilligi" (PDF). SASA axborot byulleteni. Janubiy Afrika statistika uyushmasi. Sentyabr 2012. Arxivlangan asl nusxasi (PDF) 2017 yil 11 oktyabrda. Olingan 18 mart 2020.
  3. ^ Scheaffer, Richard L.; Yosh, Linda J. (2009-08-28). Ehtimollik va uning qo'llanilishi bilan tanishish. O'qishni to'xtatish. 8–8 betlar. ISBN  9780534386719. Olingan 19 mart 2013.
  4. ^ Qisqa tarix Arxivlandi 2014-07-15 da Orqaga qaytish mashinasi, Yoxannesburgdagi Vitvaterrand Universitetining statistika bo'limi.
  5. ^ Metyu, Robert (2001 yil 18 oktyabr). "Kriket emas". Daily Telegraph. Olingan 19 mart 2013.
  6. ^ "kerrich_1950.pdf" (PDF). Dropbox. Olingan 2017-02-04.

Tashqi havolalar

  • Axborot byulleteni Janubiy Afrika statistika uyushmasi, Kerrichning tarjimai holini, assotsiatsiyaning ikkinchi prezidenti sifatida tasvirlaydi.
  • Qisqa tarix Vitrixersrand Universitetining statistika kafedrasi, uning boshlig'i Kerrix bo'lgan
  • Stack Exchange Thread Kerrichning tanga aylanmasi to'g'risidagi ma'lumotlar, 2015 yil.