Tog'lar shohi - King of the Mountains

The Tog'lar shohi (KoM; Gran Premio della Montagna yoki GPM Italyancha ) - eng yaxshilarga berilgan unvon alpinist a velosipedda harakatlanish yo'l poygasi; odatda va rasmiy ravishda Tog'larning tasnifi. Ayollar velosporti uchun ham shunga o'xshash atama, Tog'lar malikasi (QoM) ishlatiladi.

Ushbu unvon bir kunlik yo'l poygasida bir necha belgilangan ko'tarilishlarda eng yuqori mavqega erishgan chavandozga berilishi mumkin bo'lsa-da, odatda sahna poygalarida qo'llaniladi (masalan, Grand Tours, "Tour de France", Jiro d'Italiya, Ispaniya Vuelta va shunga o'xshash kichik musobaqalar Kaliforniya safari ) bu erda butun poyga davomida ochkolar yig'iladi.

"Tour de France" musobaqasida, har bir muhim ko'tarilishning yuqori qismida, birinchi o'rindan ustun kelgan chavandozlarga ochko beriladi. Ko'tarilish balandligi va uzunligiga qarab 1 (eng qiyin) dan 4 gacha (unchalik qiyin bo'lmagan) toifalarga bo'linadi. Beshinchi toifa Otlar turkumi (toifadan tashqarida) birinchi toifadan ham qattiqroq baholangan tog'larga taalluqlidir. Shunga o'xshash reytinglar boshqa yirik Turlardagi ko'tarilishga ham tegishli.

"Tour de France" musobaqasida tog'lar musobaqasida etakchi o'ziga xos kiyimni kiyadi polka nuqta formasi (Frantsuzcha: maillot à pois rouges). Garchi tog'lar qiroli birinchi marta 1933 yilgi "Tour de France" da tan olingan bo'lsa-da, o'ziga xos forma 1975 yilgacha taqdim etilmagan. "Jiro" da tog'lar qiroli etakchisi yashil forma 2011 yilgacha; 2012 yilda tog'lar tasnifining korporativ homiysi buyrug'i bilan forma ko'k rangga o'zgargan. "Vuelta" da bir nechta forma dizaynidan foydalanilgan, ammo 2010 yildan beri ko'k rangli polka nuqta bilan oq.

Shu bilan bir qatorda, Tog'larning Qiroli, shuningdek, faoliyatni kuzatuvchilarning eng yuqori darajadagi foydalanuvchisiga murojaat qiladi Strava.^[1]

Grand Tours tog'lari tasnifi g'oliblari

Ikki chavandoz olti marta "Tour de France" musobaqasida "Tog'lar qiroli" ni qo'lga kiritdi: Federiko Bahamontes (Ispaniya ) va Lucien Van Impe (Belgiya ), esa Richard Virenque (Frantsiya ) etti g'alaba bilan rekord egasi. Gino Bartali "Jiro d'Italia" rekordini qo'lga kiritdi, shu bilan birga etti g'alaba Xose Luis Laguiya besh marta Vuelta ekvivalenti g'olibi bo'ldi.

Ishga qabul qilish uch baravar ko'payadi

Uchchalasida ham biron bir chavandoz "Tog'lar qiroli" ni yutmagan Grand Tours o'sha yili. Faqat ikkita chavandoz, Federiko Bahamontes va Luis Errera, turli yillarda o'tkazilgan uchta musobaqada ham g'olib bo'lgan. O'nta chavandoz juftlikka erishdi.

Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) - 1 ta Jiro tog'ining formasi (1956 ), 6 ta tog'li formalar (1954, 1958, 1959, 1962, 1963, 1964 ), Vuelta tog'larining 2 formasi (1957, 1958 )
Luis Errera (COL) - 1 ta Jiro tog'ining formasi (1989 ), 2 ta tog'li formalar (1985, 1987 ), Vuelta tog'larining 2 formasi (1987, 1991 )

Tabiiy juftliklar

The Tur / Jiro dublga to'rtta chavandoz erishdi:

The Jiro / Vuelta dublga ikki chavandoz erishdi:

Manuel Fuente (1972)
Andres Oliva (1975, 1976)

The Tur / Vuelta dublga to'rtta chavandoz erishdi:

Eng ko'p g'alaba qozongan (Grand Tour)

9: Federiko Bahamontes - Ispaniya
- Tur de Frans (1954, 1958, 1959, 1962, 1963, 1964 )
- Jiro d'Italiya (1956 )
- Vuelta va Espana (1957, 1958 )
9: Gino Bartali - Italiya
- Tur de Frans (1938, 1948 )
- Jiro d'Italiya (1935, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1946, 1947 )
8: Lucien Van Impe - Belgiya
- Tur de Frans (1971, 1972, 1975, 1977, 1981, 1983 )
- Jiro d'Italiya (1982, 1983 )
7: Richard Virenque - Frantsiya
- Tur de Frans (1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2004 )
6: Xulio Ximenes - Ispaniya
- Tur de Frans (1965, 1966, 1967 )
- Vuelta va Espana (1963, 1964, 1965 )

Yil davomida Grand Tour g'oliblari

Grand Tour tog'lari tasnifining g'oliblari:^[2]
Yil	"Tour de France" (FRA)	Jiro d'Italiya (ITA)	Ispaniya Vuelta (ESP)
2020	Tadej Pogačar (SLO)	Ruben Gerreyro (POR)	Giyom Martin (FRA)
2019	Romain Bardet (FRA)	Giulio Tsikone (ITA)	Jefri Buchard (FRA)
2018	Julian Alafilippe (FRA)	Kris Frum (GBR) (2/2)	Tomas De Gendt (BEL)
2017	Uorren Barguil (FRA)	Mikel Landa (ESP)	Davide Villella (ITA)
2016	Rafał Majka (POL) (2/2)	Mikel Nieve (ESP)	Omar Fraile (ESP) (2/2)
2015	Kris Frum (GBR) (1/2)	Jovanni Viskonti (ITA)	Omar Fraile (ESP) (1/2)
2014	Rafał Majka (POL) (1/2)	Xulian Arredondo (COL)	Luis Leon Sanches (ESP)
2013	Nairo-Kintana (COL)	Stefano Piratsi (ITA)	Nikolas Edet (FRA)
2012	Tomas Voekkler (FRA)	Matteo Rabottini (ITA)	Simon Klark (AUS)
2011	Samuel Sanches (ESP)	Stefano Garzelli (ITA) (2/2)	Devid Moncoutié (FRA) (4/4)
2010	Entoni Sharto (FRA)	Metyu Lloyd (AUS)	Devid Moncoutié (FRA) (3/4)
2009	Yo'q^{[Izohlar 1]}	Stefano Garzelli (ITA) (1/2)	Devid Moncoutié (FRA) (2/4)
2008	Yo'q^{[Izohlar 2]}	Emanuele Sella (ITA)	Devid Moncoutié (FRA) (1/4)
2007	Maurisio Soler (COL)	Leonardo Piepoli (ITA)	Denis Menchov (RUS)
2006	Maykl Rasmussen (DEN) (2/2)	Xuan Manuel Garete (ESP)	Egoi Martines (ESP)
2005	Maykl Rasmussen (DEN) (1/2)	Xose Rujano Gilyen (VEN)	Joakim Rodriges (ESP)
2004	Richard Virenque (FRA) (7/7)	Fabian Wegmann (GER)	Feliks Kardenas (COL) (2/2)
2003	Richard Virenque (FRA) (6/7)	Fredy Gonsales (COL) (2/2)	Feliks Kardenas (COL) (1/2)
2002	Loran Jalabert (FRA) (3/3)	Xulio Peres Kuapio (MEX)	Aitor Osa (ESP)
2001	Loran Jalabert (FRA) (2/3)	Fredy Gonsales (COL) (1/2)	Xose Mariya Ximenes (ESP) (4/4)
2000	Santyago Botero (COL)	Franchesko Kasagrand (ITA)	Karlos Sastre (ESP)
1999	Richard Virenque (FRA) (5/7)	Xose Xayme Gonsales (COL) (2/2)	Xose Mariya Ximenes (ESP) (3/4)
1998	Kristof Rinero (FRA)	Marko Pantani (ITA)	Xose Mariya Ximenes (ESP) (2/4)
1997	Richard Virenque (FRA) (4/7)	Xose Xayme Gonsales (COL) (1/2)	Xose Mariya Ximenes (ESP) (1/4)
1996	Richard Virenque (FRA) (3/7)	Mariano Piccoli (ITA) (2/2)	Toni Rominger (SUI) (3/3)
1995	Richard Virenque (FRA) (2/7)	Mariano Piccoli (ITA) (1/2)	Loran Jalabert (FRA) (1/3)
1994	Richard Virenque (FRA) (1/7)	Paskal Richard (SUI)	Lyuk Leblank (FRA)
1993	Toni Rominger (SUI) (2/3)	Klaudio Chiappuchchi (ITA) (5/5)	Toni Rominger (SUI) (1/3)
1992	Klaudio Chiappuchchi (ITA) (4/5)	Klaudio Chiappuchchi (ITA) (3/5)	Karlos Ernandes (ESP)
1991	Klaudio Chiappuchchi (ITA) (2/5)	Iñaki Gaston (ESP)	Luis Errera (COL) (5/5)
1990	Thierry Claveyrolat (FRA)	Klaudio Chiappuchchi (ITA) (1/5)	Xose Martin Farfan (COL)
1989	Gert-Yan Teunis (NED)	Luis Errera (COL) (4/5)	Oskar Vargas (COL)
1988	Stiven Roks (NED)	Endryu Xempsten (AQSH)	Alvaro Pino (ESP)
1987	Luis Errera (COL) (3/5)	Robert Millar (GBR) (2/2)	Luis Errera (COL) (2/5)
1986	Bernard Xino (FRA)	Pedro Muñoz Machin Rodrigez (ESP)	Xose Luis Laguiya (ESP) (5/5)
1985	Luis Errera (COL) (1/5)	Xose Luis Navarro (ESP)	Xose Luis Laguiya (ESP) (4/5)
1984	Robert Millar (GBR) (1/2)	Loran Fignon (FRA)	Felipe Yanez (ESP) (2/2)
1983	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (8/8)	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (7/8)	Xose Luis Laguiya (ESP) (3/5)
1982	Bernard Vallet (FRA)	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (6/8)	Xose Luis Laguiya (ESP) (2/5)
1981	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (5/8)	Klaudio Bortolotto (ITA) (3/3)	Xose Luis Laguiya (ESP) (1/5)
1980	Raymond Martin (FRA)	Klaudio Bortolotto (ITA) (2/3)	Xuan Fernandes (ESP)
1979	Jovanni Battaglin (ITA)	Klaudio Bortolotto (ITA) (1/3)	Felipe Yanez (ESP) (1/2)
1978	Mariano Martines (FRA)	Ueli Sutter (SUI)	Andres Oliva (ESP) (5/5)
1977	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (4/8)	Faustino Fernández Oviés (ESP)	Pedro Torres (ESP)
1976	Giankarlo Bellini (ITA)	Andres Oliva (ESP) (4/5)	Andres Oliva (ESP) (3/5)
1975	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (3/8)	Frantsisko Galdos (ESP) Andres Oliva (ESP) (2/5)	Andres Oliva (ESP) (1/5)
1974	Domingo Perurena (ESP)	Xose Manuel Fuente (ESP) (4/4)	Xose Luis Abilleira (ESP) (2/2)
1973	Pedro Torres (ESP)	Xose Manuel Fuente (ESP) (3/4)	Xose Luis Abilleira (ESP) (1/2)
1972	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (2/8)	Xose Manuel Fuente (ESP) (2/4)	Xose Manuel Fuente (ESP)
1971	Lucien Van Impe (BEL) (1/8)	Xose Manuel Fuente (ESP) (1/4)	Joop Zoetemelk (NED)
1970	Eddy Merckx (BEL) (3/3)	Martin Vandenbossche (BEL)	Agustin Tamames (ESP)
1969	Eddy Merckx (BEL) (2/3)	Klaudio Mishelotto (ITA)	Luis Okanaa (ESP)
1968	Aurelio Gonsales (ESP) (2/2)	Eddy Merckx (BEL) (1/3)	Frantsisko Gabica (ESP)
1967	Xulio Ximenes (ESP) (6/6)	Aurelio Gonsales (ESP) (1/2)	Mariano Dias (ESP)
1966	Xulio Ximenes (ESP) (5/6)	Franko Bitossi (ITA) (3/3)	Gregorio San-Migel (ESP)
1965	Xulio Ximenes (ESP) (4/6)	Franko Bitossi (ITA) (2/3)	Xulio Ximenes (ESP) (3/6)
1964	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (9/9)	Franko Bitossi (ITA) (1/3)	Xulio Ximenes (ESP) (2/6)
1963	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (8/9)	Vito Takkone (ITA) (2/2)	Xulio Ximenes (ESP) (1/6)
1962	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (7/9)	Anjelino Soler (ESP)	Antonio Karmany (ESP) (3/3)
1961	Imerio Massignan (ITA) (2/2)	Vito Takkone (ITA) (1/2)	Antonio Karmany (ESP) (2/3)
1960	Imerio Massignan (ITA) (1/2)	Rik Van Looy (BEL)	Antonio Karmany (ESP) (1/3)
1959	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (6/9)	Charly Gaul (LUX) (4/4)	Antonio Suares (ESP)
1958	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (5/9)	Jan Brankart (BEL)	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (4/9)
1957	Gastone Nensini (ITA) (2/2)	Rafael Geminiani (FRA) (3/3)	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (3/9)
1956	Charly Gaul (LUX) (3/4)	Charly Gaul (LUX) (2/4) Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (2/9)	Nino Defilippis (ITA)
1955	Charly Gaul (LUX) (1/4)	Gastone Nensini (ITA) (1/2)	Juzeppe Buratti (ITA)
1954	Federiko Bahamontes (ESP) (1/9)	Fausto Koppi (ITA) (5/5)	Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi
1953	Xesus Loroño (ESP)	Pasquale Fornara (ITA)
1952	Fausto Koppi (ITA) (4/5)	Rafael Geminiani (FRA) (2/3)
1951	Rafael Geminiani (FRA) (1/3)	Louison Bobet (FRA) (2/2)
1950	Louison Bobet (FRA) (1/2)	Ugo Koblet (SUI)	Emilio Rodriguez (ESP) (3/3)
1949	Fausto Koppi (ITA) (3/5)	Fausto Koppi (ITA) (2/5)	Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi
1948	Gino Bartali (ITA) (9/9)	Fausto Koppi (ITA) (1/5)	Bernardo Ruis (ESP)
1947	Per Brambilla (ITA)	Gino Bartali (ITA) (8/9)	Emilio Rodriguez (ESP) (2/3)
1946	Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi	Gino Bartali (ITA) (7/9)	Emilio Rodriguez (ESP) (1/3)
1945		Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi	Xulian Berrendero (ESP) (3/3)
1944			Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi
1943			Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi
1942			Xulian Berrendero (ESP) (2/3)
1941			Fermin Trueba (ESP)
1940		Gino Bartali (ITA) (6/9)	Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi
1939	Silvere Maes (BEL)	Gino Bartali (ITA) (5/9)
1938	Gino Bartali (ITA) (4/9)	Jovanni Valetti (ITA)
1937	Félicien Vervaecke (BEL) (2/2)	Gino Bartali (ITA) (3/9)
1936	Xulian Berrendero (ESP) (1/3)	Gino Bartali (ITA) (2/9)	Salvador Molina (ESP)
1935	Félicien Vervaecke (BEL) (1/2)	Gino Bartali (ITA) (1/9)	Edoardo Molinar (ITA)
1934	Rene Vietto (FRA)	Remo Bertoni (ITA)	Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi
1933	Visente Trueba (ESP)	Alfredo Binda (ITA)	Musobaqa o'tkazilmaydi

Izohlar

^ Franko Pellizotti uning biologik pasportida tartibsiz qiymatlar ko'rsatilganidan so'ng, natijalar olib tashlandi, ammo hali tasnif qayta tiklanmadi. Egoi Martines ikkinchi o'rinni egalladi.
^ Musobaqada dastlab avstriyalik velosipedchi g'olib chiqqan Bernxard Kohl, ammo uning ijobiy testi va dopingdan foydalanishga qabul qilinganidan so'ng, natijalari olib tashlandi va Turning rekordlar kitobidagi vakansiyalar deb hisoblanadi. Turning rasmiy tarixi, 117 va 123 sahifalarga qarang Arxivlandi 2009-10-03 da Veb-sayt

Shuningdek qarang

Toqqa chiqish bo'yicha mutaxassis

Adabiyotlar

^ http://www.cyclingweekly.co.uk/fitness/training/take-strava-kom-142795
^ Tour de France, Jiro d'Italia va Ispaniya Vuelta. Gbrathletics.com. 2013-08-13 da olingan.

[Pellizottidoping-3] Franko Pellizotti uning biologik pasportida tartibsiz qiymatlar ko'rsatilganidan so'ng, natijalar olib tashlandi, ammo hali tasnif qayta tiklanmadi. Egoi Martines ikkinchi o'rinni egalladi.

[4] Musobaqada dastlab avstriyalik velosipedchi g'olib chiqqan Bernxard Kohl, ammo uning ijobiy testi va dopingdan foydalanishga qabul qilinganidan so'ng, natijalari olib tashlandi va Turning rekordlar kitobidagi vakansiyalar deb hisoblanadi. Turning rasmiy tarixi, 117 va 123 sahifalarga qarang Arxivlandi 2009-10-03 da Veb-sayt

[1] ttp://www.cyclingweekly.co.uk/fitness/training/take-strava-kom-142795

[2] Tour de France, Jiro d'Italia va Ispaniya Vuelta. Gbrathletics.com. 2013-08-13 da olingan.

[1]

[2]

[Izohlar 1]

[Izohlar 2]