Leopold III, Avstriyaning Margravasi - Leopold III, Margrave of Austria

Leopold III
Leopold III
	Avstriyaning Margrave
Margreyv	1095–1136
O'tmishdosh	Leopold II
Voris	Leopold IV
Oila	Babenberg uyi
Turmush o'rtog'i	Germaniya Agnes
	Nashr Leopold IV, Bavariya gersogi; Genrix II avstriyalik; Agnes; Otto of Freising; Konrad II, Zalsburg arxiyepiskopi; Judit; Gertruda;
Ota	Leopold II
Ona	Formbax-Ratelnberg shahridagi Ida[shubhali – muhokama qilish]

Sent-Leopold III
Sent-Leopold III
	Sent-Leopold III vafot etgan ikki o'g'li Babenberger Stammbaum bilan, Klosterneuburg monastiri, 1489–1492
Avstriyaning Margrave
Tug'ilgan	1073; Melk, Avstriya
O'ldi	1136 yil 15-noyabr; Klosterneuburg Abbey, Quyi Avstriya, Avstriya
Taqdim etilgan	Rim-katolik cherkovi
Kanonizatsiya qilingan	6 yanvar 1485 yil Papa begunoh VIII
Bayram	15 noyabr
Xususiyatlar	Cherkov modeli
Patronaj	Avstriya ; Quyi Avstriya ; Yuqori Avstriya ; Vena ; Bolalarning o'limi ; Katta oilalar ; O'gay ota-onalar

Sent-Leopold III (Nemis: Luitpold, 1073 - 1136 yil 15-noyabr), nomi bilan tanilgan Yaxshilikni Leopold qiling, edi Avstriyaning Margrave 1095 yildan o'limigacha 1136 yilda. a'zosi bo'lgan Babenberg uyi. U 1485 yil 6-yanvarda kanonizatsiya qilindi va bo'ldi homiysi avliyo ning Avstriya, Quyi Avstriya, Yuqori Avstriya va Vena. Uning bayram kuni 15-noyabr.^[1]

Hayot

Leopold Babenberg qal'asida tug'ilgan Gars am Kamp, Margravening o'g'li Leopold II va Formbax-Ratelnberg shahridagi Ida^{[shubhali – muhokama qilish]}. Babenberglar Avstriyaga X asrda oila mashhur bo'lgan Bavariyadan kelgan. U islohotchi episkop ta'sirida Passau yeparxiyasida katta bo'lgan Passau of Altmann.^[2]

1096 yilda Leopold otasidan keyin 23 yoshida Avstriyaning margravesi o'rnini egalladi. U ikki marta turmushga chiqdi. 1105 yilda vafot etgan birinchi xotini fon Perg oilasidan biri bo'lishi mumkin. Keyingi yil u turmushga chiqdi Agnes, Imperatorning beva singlisi Genri V uni otasiga qarshi qo'llab-quvvatlagan Genri IV. Ushbu ulanish Saliyaliklar ning ahamiyatini ko'targan Babenberg uyi, unga Avstriya margravati ustidan muhim qirollik huquqlari berilgan. Bundan tashqari, Agnes Hohenstaufen Frederik bilan avvalgi nikohi orqali ta'sirchan aloqalarga ega edi,^[2] uning o'g'illaridan biri Germaniya Konrad III.

Leopold o'zini "Prinseps Terri" deb atagan, bu uning hududiy mustaqillik tuyg'usining aksidir. U saylovda nomzod sifatida ko'rib chiqildi Kayzer ning Muqaddas Rim imperiyasi 1125 yilda, ammo bu sharafni rad etdi.

U asosan mamlakatning rivojlanishi va xususan, bir nechta monastirlarning tashkil etilishi bilan esda qoladi. Uning eng muhim poydevori Klosterneuburg (1108).^[2] Afsonaga ko'ra, Bokira Maryam unga paydo bo'ldi va uni bir necha yil oldin yo'qotgan rafiqasi Agnesning pardasini topgan joyga olib bordi. U tashkil etdi Klosterneuburg monastiri U yerda. Keyinchalik u qarorgohiga aylanishi uchun turar-joyni kengaytirdi.

Leopold shuningdek monastirlarga asos solgan Heiligenkreuz, Kleinmariazell va Seitenstetten hanuzgacha o'rmon bilan qoplangan hududni rivojlantirgan. Bularning barchasi cherkovni majbur qildi kanonizatsiya qilish u 1485 yilda.

Leopold shuningdek, Klosterneuburg kabi shaharlarning rivojlanishiga yordam bergan, Vena va Krems. So'nggisiga huquq berildi yalpiz ammo hech qachon katta ahamiyatga ega bo'lmagan.

Ning yozuvlari Genri Melk va Gottweig ava, Avstriyadan kelgan birinchi badiiy matnlar Leopold davridan boshlangan.

U dafn etilgan Klosterneuburg monastiri u asos solgan. Uning bosh suyagi peshonani ochiq qoldiradigan kashta tikilgan requvarida saqlanadi; u ham kiyadi archducal shapka.

1663 yilda, uning ism-sharifi imperator hukmronligi ostida Leopold I, o'rniga Avstriyaning homiysi deb e'lon qilindi Avliyo Koloman.

Aka-uka Jozef va Maykl Xaydnlar, ularning har biri Avliyo Stefan sobori xorida kuylagan, ikkalasi ham shu kuni Klosterneuburgda qo'shiq aytdilar. Jozef Xaydn keyinchalik ikkalasining eng taniqli bastakori bo'ldi. Maykl Xaydn keyinchalik (1805) Leopold sharafiga Mass yozgan Misanka sub titulo Sancti Leopoldi.

Vafotidan beri Qirol Leopold I, Qirol bayrami yilda nishonlanadi Belgiya Leopoldning bayram kuni.

Bolalar

Birinchi nikohi bilan, ehtimol Perg oilasi xonimiga:

Adalbert yoki Albert II Dindor, Markgraf (1136–1137), d. 1137

Ikkinchi xotini tomonidan Germaniya Agnes, beva ayol Frederik I, Shvabiya gersogi:

Leopold IV
Genri II Jasomirgott.
Berta, m. Genri III, Burggraf Regensburg.
Agnes, m. Polshadan Wladyslaw II.
Ernst.
Otto of Freising, Yepiskop va jiyanining biografi (onasining birinchi turmushidan), Imperator Frederik I "Barbarossa".
Konrad, Passau yepiskopi va Zalsburg arxiyepiskopi.
Elizabeth, m. Vinsenburglik German II.
Judit, m. Montferratlik Vilyam V.
Gertruda, m. Qirol Bogemiyalik Vladislaus II.

Ga ko'ra Klosterneuburg xronikalarining davomi, yana etti kishiga (ehtimol ko'p tug'ilishdan) o'lik tug'ilgan yoki go'daklik davrida vafot etgan bo'lishi mumkin.

Galereya

Vitraylar, Gaaden, Quyi Avstriya
Österreichische Schule, o'n sakkizinchi asr
Sent-Leopold cherkovi, Stefansdom
Avliyo Leopoldning bosh suyagi yodgorligi, Klosterneuburg monastiri

Shuningdek qarang

Avstriya hukmdorlari ro'yxati

Adabiyotlar

Iqtiboslar

^ Lingelbax 1913, 90-91 betlar.
^ ^a ^b ^v ""Babenbergning Sent-Leopold "," Avliyo Avgustinning odatiy qonunlari ".. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2016-08-21. Olingan 2015-03-15.

Bibliografiya

Beller, Stiven (2007). Avstriyaning qisqacha tarixi. Nyu-York: Kembrij universiteti matbuoti. ISBN 978-0521478861.
Bruk, Z. N. (1938). Evropa tarixi: 911 yildan 1198 yilgacha. London: Methuen & Company Ltd. ISBN 978-1443740708.
Dopsch, Xaynts (1999). Österreichische Geschichte 1122-1278. Vena: Ueberreuter. ISBN 3-8000-3973-7.
Lechner, Karl (1976). Die Babenberger: Markgrafen und Herzoge von Österreich 976–1246. Vena: Bohlau. ISBN 978-3205085089.
Leeper, Aleksandr V. (1941). O'rta asr Avstriya tarixi. London: Oksford universiteti matbuoti. ISBN 978-0404153472.
Lingelbax, Uilyam E. (1913). Xalqlar tarixi: Avstriya-Vengriya. Nyu-York: P. F. Collier & Son kompaniyasi. ASIN B000L3E368.
Pohl, Valter (1995). Die Welt der Babenberger. Graz: Verlag Shtiriya. ISBN 978-3222123344.
Rikket, Richard (1985). Avstriya tarixini qisqacha o'rganish. Vena: Prachner. ISBN 978-3853670019.
Wegener, Wilhelm (1965). Genealogischen Tafeln zur mitteleuropäischen Geschichte. Vena: Verlag Degener.

Tashqi havolalar

Leopold III, Avstriyaning Margravasi Babenberg uyi Tug'ilgan: 1073 O'ldi: 1136
Oldingi Leopold II	Avstriyaning Margrave 1095–1136	Muvaffaqiyatli Leopold IV

[lingelbach-1] Lingelbax 1913, 90-91 betlar.

[augcan-2] v ""Babenbergning Sent-Leopold "," Avliyo Avgustinning odatiy qonunlari ".. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2016-08-21. Olingan 2015-03-15.

[1]

[2]

Avstriya hukmdorlari
Babenberg uyi	Leopold I Illustrious (976–994) Genri I Kuchli (994–1018) G'olib Adalbert (1018–1055) Jasur Ernest (1055–1075) Leopold II yarmarkasi (1075–1095) Leopold III yaxshilik (1095–1136) Saxiyni Leopold (1137–1141) Genri II Jasomirgott (1141–1177) Leopold V fazilatli (1177–1194) Fridrix I katolik (1195–1198) Buyuk Leopold VI (1198–1230) Fredrik II janjalli (1230–1246)
Interregnum	Moraviyalik Vladislaus (da'vogar 1246–1247) Badenlik Herman VI (da'vogar 1248–1250) Badenlik Frederik I (da'vogar 1250–1268) Bohemiyaning Ottokar II (da'vogar 1251–1278)
Habsburg uyi Avstriya	Rudolf I (1278–1282) Albert I (1282–1308) Rudolf II Debonair (1282–1283) Rudolf III yaxshilik (1298–1307) Frederik I Fair (1308–1330) Leopold I the Ulug'vor (1308–1326) Dono Albert II (1330–1358) Otto I the Merry (1330–1339) Frederik II (1339–1344) Leopold II (1339–1344) Rudolf IV asoschisi (1358–1365) Leopold III adolatli (1365-1379) Albert III Pigtail (1365-1395) Bemor Albert IV (1395-1404) Albert V (1404–1439) Ladislaus I Postthumous (1440–1457) Frederik V tinchliksevar (1457–1493) Maksimilian I Oxirgi ritsar (1493–1519) Karl I (1519–1521) Ferdinand I (1521–1564) Maksimilian II (1564–1576) Rudolf V (1576–1608) Matias (1608–1619) Albert VII (1619) Ferdinand III (1590, 1619–1637) Ferdinand IV (1637–1657) Leopold V (1623–1632) Ferdinand Charlz (1632–1662) Sigismund Frensis (1662–1665) Leopold VI (1657, 1665–1705) Jozef I (1705–1711) Charlz III (1711–1740) Mariya Tereza (1740–1780) Frensis I Stiven (1740–1765) Jozef II (1765–1790) Leopold VII (1790–1792) Frensis II (1792–1804) Avstriyalik Frensis I (1804–1835) Ferdinand I (1835–1848) Frensis Jozef I (1848–1916) Karl I (1916–1918)
Habsburg uyi Shtiriya, Karintiya, Karniola	Leopold III adolatli (1365–1386) Uilyam muloyim (1386–1406) Leopold IV semiz (1386–1411) Ernest Temir (1402–1424) Frederik V tinchliksevar (1424–1493) Albert VI adashgan (1457–1463) Maksimilian I Oxirgi ritsar (1493–1519) Karl I (1519–1521) Ferdinand I (1521–1564) Charlz II (1564–1590) Ferdinand III (1590–1637)
Habsburg uyi Tirol	Rudolf IV asoschisi (1363–1365) Leopold III adolatli (1365–1386) Uilyam muloyim (1386–1406) Frederik IV bo'sh cho'ntaklar (1406–1439) Sigismund Boy (1439–1490) Maksimilian I Oxirgi ritsar (1490–1519) Karl I (1519–1521) Ferdinand I (1521–1564) Ferdinand II (1564–1595) Matias (1595–1619) Albert VII (1619) Ferdinand III (1619–1623) Leopold V (1623–1632) Ferdinand Charlz (1632–1662) Sigismund Frensis (1662–1665) Leopold VI (1665–1705)