Potamotrigon - Potamotrygon
| Potamotrigon | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Potamotrygon motoro | |
Ilmiy tasnif  | |
| Qirollik: | Animalia |
| Filum: | Chordata |
| Sinf: | Chondrichthyes |
| Buyurtma: | Myliobatiformes |
| Oila: | Potamotrygonidae |
| Tur: | Potamotrigon Garman, 1877 |
| Tur turlari | |
| Trygon gistrixi J. P. Myuller va Henle, 1841 yil | |
Potamotrigon a tur ning chuchuk suv nayzalar ichida oila Potamotrygonidae ning daryolaridan kelib chiqqan Janubiy Amerika,[1] va ba'zida akvarium savdosida ko'rinadi.[2]
Boshqa baliqlar singari, ushbu turdagi baliqlar ham bor zaharli dumlari tagida tikanlar va ularning chaqmoq odamlar uchun xavfli.[2] Aytishlaricha, Janubiy Amerikaning mahalliy aholisi xaykaldan o'zlaridan ko'ra ko'proq qo'rqishadi pirana.[3]
Potamotrigon Diskning maksimal kengligi 31 sm dan (1 fut) gacha bo'lgan rang, naqsh va o'lchamlarda sezilarli darajada farqlanadi P. wallacei 1,5 m (5 fut) gacha P. brachyura.[4][5]
Akvariumda
Savdoda boshqa naslga mansub chuchuk suvlar paydo bo'lsa ham, aksariyati Potamotrigon. Ular eng yaxshi chuqur, qum bilan saqlanadi substrat, ular o'zlarini ko'mishadi, ko'pincha faqat ko'zlari ko'rinadigan. Ular emas hududiy etarlicha katta akvarium bilan ta'minlangan taqdirda, boshqa hayvonlar bilan va guruhlarda saqlanishi mumkin. Ular yirtqich pastki oziqlantiruvchi vositalar va kuchli filtrlashni talab qiladi, chunki ular suv sharoitlariga juda sezgir.[2] Bug'doyning ko'plab turlari etishtirildi asirlik va erkaklar borligi bilan aniqlanishi mumkin qisqich boshqalarda bo'lgani kabi Chondrichthyans.
Turlar
Hozirgi vaqtda ushbu turdagi 30 dan ortiq taniqli (mavjud) turlar mavjud:[1]
- Potamotrygon adamastor Fontenelle, J. P. & de Karvalo, M. R., 2017 (Branko daryosidagi zaytun)[6]
- Potamotrygon albimaculata M. R. de Karvalyu, 2016 (Itaytuba daryosidagi zaytun yoki Tapajos daryosi stingray)[7]
- Potamotrygon amandae Loboda & M. R. de Karvalyu, 2013 (Amanda daryosidagi zingil)[8]
- Potamotrygon amazona Fontenelle, J. P. & de Karvalo, M. R., 2017 (Yuqori Amazon dag'al daryo stingray)[6]
- Potamotrygon boesemani R. S. Roza, M. R. de Karvalyu & Uanderli, 2008 (Boeseman daryosidagi stingray)[9]
- Potamotrygon brachyura (Gyunter, 1880) (Qisqa dumli daryo stingray)
- Potamotrigon yulduz turkumi (Vaillant, 1880) (Tikanli daryo stingray)
- Potamotrygon falkneri Castex & Masiel, 1963 (Katta dog'li daryo stingray)
- Potamotrygon garmani Fontenelle, J. P. & de Karvalo, M. R., 2017 (Garman daryosidagi zina)[6]
- Potamotrygon henlei (Kastelnau, 1855) (Katta tishli daryo stingray)
- Potamotrigon histrix (J. P. Myuller & Xenle, 1834) (Kirpinlar daryosidagi stingray)
- Potamotrygon humerosa Garman, 1913 (Daryoning qo'pol orqa qismi)
- Potamotrygon jabuti M. R. de Karvalyu, 2016 (Inju daryosi zangi)[7]
- Potamotrigon leopoldi Castex & Kastello, 1970 (Oq tusli daryo nayzasi)
- Potamotrygon limai Fontenelle, J. P. C. B. Silva & M. R. de Karvalyu, 2014 (Zé Lima daryosi stingray)[10]
- Potamotrygon magdalenae (A. H. A. Dyumeril, 1865) (Magdalena daryosidagi stingray)
- Potamotrygon marinae Deynat, 2006 (Marina daryosidagi zingil)
- Potamotrygon markasi Silva va Loboda, 2019 yil[11]
- Potamotrygon motoro (J. P. Myuller & Xenle, 1841) (Ocellate daryo stingray)
- Potamotrygon ocellata (Engelxardt, 1912) (Qizil dog'li daryo stingray)
- Potamotrygon orbignyi (Kastelnau, 1855) (Yumshoq daryo stingray)
- Potamotrigon pantanensis Loboda & M. R. de Karvalyu, 2013 (Pantanal daryosi zamburug'i)[8]
- Potamotrygon rex M. R. de Karvalyu, 2016 (Katta daryo stingray)[12]
- Potamotrygon schroederi Fernandes-Yepez, 1958 (Gul nurlari yoki rozetli daryo stingray)
- Potamotrygon schuhmacheri Castex, 1964 (Parana daryosidagi stingray)
- Potamotrigon skobinasi Garman, 1913 (Raspy daryo stingray)
- Potamotrigon signallari Garman, 1913 (Parnaiba daryosidagi stingray)
- Potamotrygon tatianae J. P. C. B. Silva & M. R. de Karvalyu, 2011 (Tatyana daryosidagi zina)
- Potamotrigon tigrina M. R. de Karvalyu, Sabaj Peres & Lovejoy, 2011 (Yo'lbars daryosidagi stingray)[13]
- Potamotrygon wallacei M. R. de Karvalyu, R. S. Roza & M. L. G. Araujo, 2016 (Cururu ray)[4]
- Potamotrygon yepezi Castex & Kastello, 1970 (Marakaybo daryosidagi zina)
Yo'qolib ketgan (fotoalbom) turlar
Uch tur yo'q bo'lib ketgan va faqat ma'lum Uchinchi darajali fotoalbom qoldiqlari:[14]
Adabiyotlar
- ^ a b Frouz, Rayner va Pauli, Daniel, nashrlar. (2019). Turlari Potamotrigon yilda FishBase. Sentyabr 2019 versiyasi.
- ^ a b v Dawes, J. (2001). Chuchuk suv akvariumining to'liq ensiklopediyasi. Nyu-York: Firefly Books Ltd. ISBN 1-55297-544-4.
- ^ Akselrod, XR (1996). Ekzotik tropik baliqlar. T.F.H. Nashrlar. ISBN 0-87666-543-1.
- ^ a b Carvalho, MR, Roza, R.S. & Araujo, M.L.G. (2016): Rio-Negrodan, Amazonas, Braziliyadan Neotropik chuchuk suvi (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) ning yangi turi: eng kichik turlari Potamotrigon. Zootaxa, 4107 (4): 566-586.
- ^ Oddone, MC, G. Velasco va G. Rincon (2008). Urugvay daryosi va uning irmoqlari Urugvay, Janubiy Amerikada chuchuk suvli nayzalarning paydo bo'lishi (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae). Xalqaro Ixtiologiya jurnali 14 (2): 69-76.
- ^ a b v Fontenelle, J. P. & de Carvalho, M. R. (2017): "Potamotrygon scobina" Garman, 1913 yil turlar kompleksini (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygonidae) tizimli ravishda qayta ko'rib chiqish, braziliyalik uchta yangi chuchuk suv zaytun turlari tavsifi va ularning tarqalishi va biogeografiyasi haqida sharhlar. Zootaxa, 4310 (1): 1-63.
- ^ a b Karvalo, M.R. (2016): Jinsning ikkita yangi yangi chuchuk suv turlarining tavsifi Potamotrigon Braziliyadagi Tapajos havzasi uchun endemik (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae), boshqa Tapajos stingrays-da yozuvlar bilan. Zootaxa, 4167 (1): 1-63.
- ^ a b Loboda, T.S. & Carvalho, M.R.d. (2013): Ning muntazam ravishda qayta ko'rib chiqilishi Potamotrygon motoro (Myuller & Henle, 1841) Parana-Paragvay havzasidagi turkum majmuasi, unda ikkita yangi hujayralar (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygonidae) tasvirlangan. Arxivlandi 2013-12-26 da Orqaga qaytish mashinasi Neotropik ixtiologiya, 11 (4): 693-737.
- ^ Rosa, R.S., Carvalho, M.R.d. & Wanderley, C.d.A. (2008): Potamotrygon boesemani (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygonidae), Surinamning yangi turdagi neotropik chuchuk suvi. Neotropik ixtiologiya, 6 (1): 1-8.
- ^ Fontenelle, JP, Silva, JPCB.d. & Carvalho, M.R.d. (2014): Potamotrygon limai, sp. nov., Amazoniya havzasi (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae) yuqori Madeyra daryosi tizimidan chiqqan chuchuk suvli stingrayning yangi turi. Zootaxa, 3765 (3): 249-268.
- ^ Silva, JP.C.B.; T.S. Loboda (2019). "Potamotrygon marquesi, Braziliyaning Amazon havzasidan neotropik chuchuk suvning yangi turi (Potamotrygonidae)". Baliq biologiyasi jurnali. 95 (2). doi:10.1111 / jfb.14050.
- ^ Karvalo, M.R. (2016): Potamotrygon rex, Braziliyaning Tokantin shtatidagi o'rta va yuqori qismlaridan Neotropik chuchuk suvli zanjirning yangi turi (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae), Potamotrygon henlei (Castelnau, 1855). Zootaxa, 4150 (5): 537-565.
- ^ Carvalho, M.R., Sabaj Peres, M.H. & Lovejoy, N.R. (2011): Potamotrigon tigrinabilan chambarchas bog'liq bo'lgan Amazonning yuqori havzasidan chuchuk suvning yangi turi Potamotrygon schroederi Fernandes-Epez, 1958 (Chondrichthyes: Potamotrygonidae). Zootaxa, 2827: 1-30.
- ^ Chabeyn, Jyul; Per-Olivye Antuan; Ali J. Altamirano-Sierra; Loran Marivaux; Fransua Pujos; Rodolfo Salas Gismondi; Sylvain Adnet (2017). Kontamana (Peru Amazoniya) dan qaynozoy botoidlari chuchuk suv potamotrigoninlari va ularning paleoekologik ahamiyatiga e'tiborni qaratgan. Geobios 50: 389-400. doi:10.1016 / j.geobios.2017.10.003