Opa-singillar Grimesni o'ldirish - Murder of the Grimes sisters

Barbara va Patrisiya Grimes
Grimes Sisters.jpg
Barbara (chapda) va Patrisiya Grimes v. 1956
Tug'ilgan
Barbara Jeanne Grimes
(1941-05-05)1941 yil 5-may
Patrisiya Ketlin Grayms
(1943-12-31)1943 yil 31-dekabr

Kuk okrugi, Illinoys BIZ.
Ko'zdan yo'qoldi1956 yil 28 dekabr
Brayton bog'i, Illinoys, AQSh
O'ldi1956 yil 28 yoki 29 dekabr
O'lim sababiIkkilamchi zarba. Qotillik[n 1]
Tanasi topildi1957 yil 22-yanvar
Willow Springs, Illinoys, AQSh
Dam olish joyiMuqaddas qabriston qabristoni, Arziydi, Illinoys, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari
41 ° 41′13 ″ N. 87 ° 46′08 ″ V / 41.6869 ° N 87.7690 ° Vt / 41.6869; -87.7690 (taxminiy)
MillatiAmerika
FuqarolikQo'shma Shtatlar
KasbTalabalar
Ma'lumQotillik qurbonlari

The opa-singillar Grimesni o'ldirish hal qilinmagan ikki kishilik qotillik bo'lib o'tgan Chikago, Illinoys, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari, 1956 yil 28 dekabrda, Barbara va Patrisiya Grimes ismli ikki opa-singil - 15 va 12 yoshda[n 2] mos ravishda - a dan sayohat paytida g'oyib bo'ldi Brayton bog'i kinoteatr ularning uyiga McKinley Park. Ularning yo'q bo'lib ketishi eng kattalaridan birini boshlab berdi bedarak yo'qolgan shaxslar Chikago tarixidagi tergovlar.[2] Qizlarning yalang'och jasadlari ichkaridagi yo'l bilan birga topilgan Willow Springs 1957 yil 22 yanvarda.

Garchi opa-singillarning otopsi Xabarlarga ko'ra, ular oxirgi marta ko'rilganidan keyin besh soat ichida o'ldirilgan va ikkala qiz ham vafot etgan ikkilamchi zarba, ko'plab odamlar, 28-dekabrga o'tar kechasi va ularning jasadlari topilganidan keyingi haftalargacha qizlarni tirik ko'rganliklarini tasdiqladilar.[3]

Opa-singillar Grimesning o'ldirilishi mualliflar tomonidan Chikagodagi "aybsizlikni buzgan" jinoyat deb ta'riflangan.[4] Bu ish, shuningdek, ko'p mehnat talab qiladigan bedarak yo'qolgan va qotillik bo'yicha tergovlardan biri sifatida tan olingan Kuk okrugi,[5] va Chikagodagi eng mashxurlardan biri bo'lib qolmoqda sovuq holatlar.[6]

Yo'qolish

1956 yil 28 dekabrda, etti kishidan ikkitasi[7] Jozef va Lorretta Grimesdan tug'ilgan bolalar - opa-singillar 15 yoshli Barbara va 12 yoshli Patrisiya - film namoyishini tomosha qilishni afzal ko'rishdi. Elvis Presli film Meni yaxshi ko'raman Brighton Park teatrida.[8] Ikkala qiz ham ajralmas singillar sifatida tasvirlangan,[9] va diqqatli talabalar Tomas Kelli va Avliyo Moris ular tegishli ravishda o'qigan o'rta maktablar. Ular shuningdek, Preslining sadoqatli muxlislari bo'lganligi ma'lum. Ushbu maxsus voqea qizlar o'n birinchi marta Preslining ushbu filmini tomosha qilishdi,[10] va opa-singillar qariyb soat 19:30 da yashash joylarini tark etishgani ma'lum.[11] yarim tungacha uyda bo'lishlarini onalariga va'da qilib.[12][n 3]

Patrisiya Grimes.

Brayton teatri qizlarnikidan taxminan bir yarim mil uzoqlikda joylashgan edi. McKinley Park uy,[3] va Barbara va Patrisiya o'z uylaridan chiqib ketayotganda ularning qo'llarida taxminan 2,50 dollar bo'lgan deb taxmin qilishmoqda, Barbara esa ellikta saqlashni buyurgan. sent uning hamyonidagi fermuardagi bu pulni ikki qiz shu kuni kechqurun teatrda namoyish etilishi rejalashtirilgan ushbu filmning ikkinchi namoyishini ko'rishni afzal ko'rishlari kerak.[13] Opa-singillar aynan shu sanada qanday qilib Brighton teatriga borganliklari noma'lum, garchi ular avvalgidek ushbu manzilga har doim piyoda yoki avtobusda borishgan.

Patritsiyaning Doroti Vaynert ismli maktabdagi do'sti keyinchalik tergovchilarga u film paytida qizlarning orqasida singlisi bilan o'tirganligini ma'lum qiladi, garchi Vaynert va uning singlisi teatrni teatrni tark etishganida ketishgan. ikki tomonlama xususiyat o'sha kuni kechqurun, soat 21:30 da Brighton teatrida namoyish etildi. Ular shunday qilar ekan, Doroti pop-mısır sotib olish uchun navbatda turgan Grimes opa-singillarni ko'rdi.[n 4] Ikkalasi ham yaxshi kayfiyatda edilar, va Vaynert opa ham, o'zlarini tutishlarida nojoiz narsani sezmadilar.[15]

Ikkala opa-singillar filmning ikkinchi namoyishini ko'rish uchun qolishdi Meni yaxshi ko'ramanShunday qilib, ular taxminan soat 23:45 da uylariga qaytishlarini kutishgan. Yarim tunda qizlar uyga etib kelmagach, ularning onalari Lorretta o'zlarining katta singlisi Tereza (17 yoshda) va akasi Juni (14 yoshda) o'zlarining kelishi uchun oilaviy uyga eng yaqin joylashgan avtobus bekati yonida kutib turishga yuborishdi.[10] Uchta ketma-ket avtobus belgilangan to'xtash joyida ikkala qiz ham o'tirmasdan haydab ketgandan so'ng, ikkala aka-uka ham uylariga qaytishdi. Ushbu bosqichda qizlari ushbu manzillardan birida bo'lishi mumkin degan umidda qizlarning do'stlari bilan muvaffaqiyatsiz bog'lanib,[16] va Tereza va Juyning oilaviy uyga opa-singilisiz qaytib kelishini ko'rgach, Lorretta Grayms yo'qolgan shaxs haqida qizlari to'g'risidagi xabarlarni Chikago politsiya boshqarmasi 29 dekabr kuni soat 02:15 da.[15]

Tergov

Opa-singillar Grimesning yo'q bo'lib ketishi, tarixdagi yo'qolganlarning eng katta ishlaridan biriga sabab bo'ldi Kuk okrugi.[17] Tez orada shahar bo'ylab qizlarni qidirish boshlandi,[18] keyinchalik yuzlab politsiyachilarga doimiy ish kuni tayinlangan.[5] Kuk okrugi zobitlariga atrofdagi atrofdagi hamkasblar yordam berishdi va a tezkor guruh faqat opa-singillarni topishga bag'ishlangan,[16] 29 dekabrda boshlangan er yuzidagi qidiruvlar yuzlab mahalliy ko'ngillilar tomonidan qo'llab-quvvatlandi. Politsiya Brighton Park bo'ylab uyma-uy yurib, ko'plab kanallar va daryolarni olib o'tdi chuqurlashtirilgan. Bundan tashqari, mahalliy uylarga 15000 dan ziyod varaqalar tarqatildi va opa-singillar cherkovining cherkovchilari ularning qaerdaligi haqida ma'lumot uchun 1000 dollar mukofot berishdi.[19] Ushbu muvofiqlashtirilgan tergov natijasida 300,000 kishi so'roq qilinadi,[20] jiddiy jabrlangan 2000 ga yaqin odam bilan so'roq qilish ularning potentsial aybdorligi bilan bog'liq, garchi hibsga olishlar va ayblovlar kimga nisbatan qo'zg'atilgan bo'lsa tan oldi keyinchalik jinoyatga qulab tushdi. Biror kishi, Edvard Bedvell, u o'zini aytdi majburlangan uzoq davom etgan so'roqdan keyin iqror bo'lish uchun.[21]

Politsiya sa'y-harakatlari va qizlarni ko'rgan ko'plab xabarlarni ishlab chiqaradigan ommaviy axborot vositalarining keng murojaatlariga qaramay, jiddiy dalillarga erishilmadi, garchi 28 dekabr kuni Brayton teatrida bo'lgan bir nechta o'spirin tergovchilarga opa-singillar bilan suhbatlashayotganini ko'rgan bo'lsa ham, keyin tashqi qiyofasi Elvis Preslining qiyofasiga o'xshash bo'lgan yigit boshqaradigan mashinaga kirdi.[18] Ushbu guvohlar tomonidan tasvirlangan vosita doimiy ravishda a Merkuriy model.[8]

Ishchi guruh amalga oshirilishidan oldin va qizlarning ota-onalarining noroziligiga qaramay, dastlab ish bo'yicha tayinlangan bir nechta tergovchilar opa-singillarning uydan qochib ketganligini nazarda tutdilar[22] yoki ixtiyoriy ravishda erkak do'stlari bilan qolishgan. Opa-singillar 31-dekabrgacha birinchi sahifadagi yangiliklar bo'lishgan bo'lsa-da,[13] ularning yo'qolishi faqat yo'qolgan shaxslar ishi sifatida jiddiy ko'rib chiqiladi va shu tariqa tegishli ravishda ko'rib chiqiladi - tergovchilar taxminan bir hafta o'tgach, oilalari va do'stlari ikkala qizdan hech qanday aloqada bo'lmasdan o'tib ketishgan.[16] Shunga qaramay, har ikkala opa-singildan uyga va boshqa biron bir kishiga qaytib kelishni iltimos qilgan holda ommaviy axborot vositalarida keng murojaatlar o'tkazildi guvohlar politsiyaga murojaat qilish. Natijada, opa-singillarni ko'rgan ko'plab gumon qilingan narsalar haqida 9-yanvar kuni politsiyaga xabar beriladi va bu xabarlarda ko'pincha qizlarning bir yoki ikkalasi turli xil biznes muassasalarida ko'rilgan deb ta'riflangan.[8] Ushbu voqealar tergovchilarning dastlabki taxminlarini qo'llab-quvvatladilar, qizlar o'z xohishlariga ko'ra uydan chiqib ketishga qaror qildilar.

Opa-singillar sayohat qilgan bo'lishi mumkin degan nazariyalar ham ko'payib ketdi Neshvill, Tennessi, Preslini konsertda ko'rish,[n 5] yoki ular shunchaki o'z xohishlariga ko'ra Preslining turmush tarziga taqlid qilish vositasi sifatida o'z uylarini tark etishgan.[23] Agar uning qizlari haqiqatan ham bo'lgan bo'lsa o'g'irlab ketilgan, Lorretta Grimes omma oldida iltijo qildi: "Agar kimdir ularni ushlab tursa, iltimos, qizlar menga qo'ng'iroq qilishsin",[24] qo'shimcha qilib: "Men ularni chin dildan kechiraman".[25]

1957 yil 19 yanvarda Preslining rasmiy bayonoti e'lon qilindi Greseland mulki. Bu televizion[26] Bayonotda shunday deyilgan: "Agar siz Preslining yaxshi muxlislari bo'lsangiz, siz uyingizga borasiz va onangizning tashvishlarini engillashtirasiz." Bundan tashqari, Presli Grimes opa-singillariga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri radio orqali murojaat qilib, qizlarni uyga onasiga qaytishini iltimos qilgani ham ma'lum.[23]

1957 yil 22-yanvar kuni Barbara va Patrisiya Grimes jasadlari topilganidan keyin tergovchilar German cherkov yo'li bilan birlashdilar.

Kashfiyot

1957 yil 22-yanvarda, yaqinda yog'ib kelgan qor yog'ib ketganidan keyin,[27] Leonard Preskott ismli qurilish ishchisi, keyinchalik u "go'sht rangidagi narsalar" deb ta'riflagan narsaga e'tibor qaratdi.[28] u Germaniya cherkov yo'li nomli qishloq yo'li bo'ylab ketayotganda qo'riqchi temir yo'l orqasida, County Line Road-dan taxminan 200 fut sharqda birlashtirilmagan Willow Springs. Dastlab u ko'rgan narsalarning kelib chiqishiga amin emas va shakllarga ishonish mumkin manekenlar, Keyinchalik Preskott eri Mari bilan birga saytga qaytib keldi, u eri ilgari ko'rgan narsalarga diqqat bilan qaraganida hushidan ketgan.[15] Shakllar aslida Grimes opa-singillarning yalang'och, muzlatilgan jasadlari edi va Preskotlar o'zlarining topilmalarini darhol Willow Springs politsiya bo'limiga xabar berishdi.[6][n 6][n 7]

Qizlarning jasadlari qor bilan qoplangan tekis va gorizontal uchastkada to'g'ridan-to'g'ri qo'riqchi temir yo'lining orqasida yotar edi, u Devil's Creek qirg'og'idan oldin atigi 10 fut (3,0 m) ga cho'zilgan.[32] Barbara chap tomonida yotar, oyoqlari tanasiga qarab biroz yuqoriga ko'tarilgan edi. Patrisiya uning badanini singlisining boshini yopgan holda, uning orqa tomonida yotardi va o'z boshi keskin o'ngga burildi.[4] Taxminlarga ko'ra, opa-singillar ushbu joyga mashinada haydab yuborilgan, ularning jasadlari sudrab olib tashlangan yoki transport vositasidan ko'tarilgan, keyin qo'riqchi panjarasining orqasiga qo'yilgan yoki tashlangan.[15] Odatda jarohatlarga o'xshash uchta yara muzlar Barbaraning ko'kragidan topilgan va jarohatlar o'xshash qattiq jarohat uning yuzi va boshida ko'rinib turardi,[33] Patrisiyaning yuzi va tanasida ko'kargan jarohatlarga o'xshash ko'plab jarohatlar ham topilgan.[34] Qizlarning otasi Jozef Grimesni haydab ketishdi jinoyat joyi ikkala jasadni ham rasmiy ravishda aniqlash.[16][n 8]

Jozef jasadlarni dastlabki ijobiy identifikatsiyasidan so'ng, bir nechta politsiyachilarning 160 dan ortig'i shahar atrofi Chikago ko'p sonli mahalliy ko'ngillilar yordam beradigan politsiya bo'limlari[36] ning qo'shimcha yordami bilan jinoyat joyida tintuv o'tkazdi O'rmon qo'riqxonalari. Ushbu qidiruv kam yoki yo'qligini aniqladi haqiqiy dalillar jinoyat bilan bog'liq (jinoyat joyida aniqlangan har qanday narsaning qotillik bilan bog'liq bo'lgan har qanday potentsial aloqasi hech qachon aniqlanmagan)[37] va qidiruvning o'zi, keyinchalik qidiruvni uyushtirganlar, o'qimagan shaxslarga ushbu joyda bo'lgan har qanday dalillarni oyoq osti qilishga imkon berganligi sababli qattiq tanqid qilinmoqda.[38][n 9]

Otopsi

Merosxo'rlarning otopsi ular topilgan kunning ertasiga o'tkazildi. Ushbu otopsiyani uchta tajribali kishi amalga oshirishi kerak edi sud-tibbiyot patologlari har bir tanani besh soatlik tekshirgandan so'ng,[40] na sana, na o'lim sabablari bo'yicha kelishuvga erisha olmadilar. Ushbu mutaxassislar opa-singillarning oshqozon tarkibini o'rganish orqali aniqladilar (unda oxirgi ma'lum ovqatlarning taxminiy nisbati va 28 dekabr kuni kechqurun opa-singillar iste'mol qilgan keyingi gazaklar).[41]) har ikkala qiz, ehtimol, so'nggi marta Brayton teatrida tirik ko'rilgan paytdan boshlab taxminan besh soat ichida vafot etishgan, shuning uchun har bir holatda o'lim vaqtini 28 dekabrning kechki oqshomida yoki erta tongda bo'lishgan. 29 dekabr kuni ertalab.[15] Ikkala holatda ham o'lim sababi kombinatsiyalangan deb topildi zarba va chalinish xavfi, garchi har bir patolog bu xulosaga boshqa sabablarni bartaraf etish jarayoni orqali erishgan bo'lsa ham.[33] Bundan tashqari, ushbu mutaxassislar, qizlar tanasida topilgan ko'plab yaralarni, ehtimol kemiruvchilar tomonidan etkazilgan deb xulosa qilishdi,[42] ponksiyon yaralari, ehtimol o'limdan keyin etkazilgan.[43]

O'lim to'g'risidagi guvohnoma Barbara Grimes

Ikkala qizning ham tanasida o'lik holda yaralar aniqlanmagan va toksikologiya xabarlarga ko'ra, hech bir qiz o'limidan oldin mast bo'lmagan, giyohvand qilingan yoki zaharlanmagan. Opa-singillarning kiyim-kechaklari hech qachon topilmadi, garchi ularning jasadlari patologlar tomonidan juda toza deb ta'riflangan.[44] Tekshiruvlar natijasida Barbaraning, ehtimol, jinsiy aloqada bo'lganligi ham aniqlanadi rozilik bilan yoki beixtiyor - uning o'limi vaqti, garchi majburan tasdiqlanmagan bo'lsa ham zulm topildi.[45] Rasmiy o'lim to'g'risidagi guvohnomalar Barbara ham, Patrisiya ham ularning o'lim sabablarini mavjud deb sanashadi qotillik;[46] har ikkala holatda ham past harorat ta'sirida paydo bo'lgan "ikkilamchi zarba" sifatida aniqlangan vositalar har bir qizning haroratini pasaytirdi tana harorati "hayotga mos keladigan tanqidiy darajadan pastroq".[42][n 10]

Otopsiyani o'tkazgan taftishchilardan biri Uolter Makkarron opa-singillarning jasadlari ularni topilishidan bir necha kun oldin Germaniya cherkovi yo'lidagi qo'riqchi temir yo'lining orqasida topilmaganligini taxmin qilib, ular orasidagi vaqt oralig'ida jasadlarning sezilarli darajada saqlanib qolganligini aytdi. Yo'qolish va kashfiyot 22-yanvarga qadar bo'lgan haftalardagi sovuq harorat tufayli yuzaga keldi va bunga yaqinda yog'ayotgan qorlar va sovuq iqlim sabab bo'lganligini qo'shimcha qildi. Makkarron, shuningdek, qizlarning jasadlari uch haftadan ko'proq vaqt davomida topilmadi, chunki 9-yanvar kuni qor qatlami atrofni qoplagan va bu qor ularning topilishidan bir necha kun oldin juda tez eriydi.[48]

Ushbu rasmiy xulosalarga qaramay, Kuk okrugi tergov idorasi bosh tergovchisi Garri Glos,[49] o'limning rasmiy vaqti bilan rozi bo'lmay, keyinchalik ommaviy axborot vositalariga "bu qizlarning yuzlarida zo'ravonlik izlari" bo'lganligini aytib, ularning zo'ravonlik qabul qiluvchilar ekanligidan qat'iyan dalolat beradi. o'lim kemiruvchilarni yuqtirish.[50] Glosning ta'kidlashicha, opa-singillarning jasadlari ustiga o'ralgan yupqa muz qatlami, ehtimol ular kamida 7 yanvargacha tirik bo'lganligini ko'rsatgan, chunki faqat shu kundan keyin qizlarning tabiiy tanasi isishi bilan reaksiyaga kirishish uchun etarli miqdordagi qor yog'ishi mumkin edi. shunday iqlim va shu sababli ularning yalang'och tanalarida topilgan muz qatlamini shu joyda hosil qiladi. Glosning ta'kidlashicha, ularning jasadlari nemis cherkovi yo'lining yoniga qo'yilganida, ularning jasadlari iliq bo'lgan, chunki faqat 7 yanvardan keyin tanada va atrofida shunday muz qatlamini yaratish uchun etarli miqdordagi qor bor edi.[15]

Ushbu dalillarga qo'shimcha ravishda, Glos ikkala qiz ham bo'ysundirilganligini aytdi jinsiy tajovuz asirlik davrida Patrisiya tomonidan olib borilgan otopsi aniqlanganligini qo'shib qo'ydi sperma ichida qin suyuqligi uning jasadidan chayqalgan va bu tvorogli sut ham Barbaraning oshqozonidan topilgan, qachonki u 28 dekabr kuni kechqurun na uyda yoki na kinoteatrda sut ichgani ma'lum emas edi.[51]

Rasmiy qarama-qarshiliklar

Kuk okrugi tergov idorasining bosh tergovchisi Garri Glos, bu ish bo'yicha rasmiy gumondor Edvard Bedvell opa-singillarning qotilligini sodir etgan shaxs bo'lganiga ishongan. Glyosning ta'kidlashicha, ularning tanasida o'liklarning tanalarida ko'rsatilgan yara izlari etarli darajada tekshirilmagan va ko'rib chiqilmagan. Shuningdek, u o'z fikrini tasdiqlashicha, yaradorlik va hujum belgilari qizlarning o'ldirilishidan oldin kaltaklanganligi va jinsiy faoliyat dalillari bilan bir qatorda, Bedvellning yanvar oyida tergovchilarga bergan da'volariga mos keladi. 1957 yilgi so'roqlar.[n 11] Glos, shuningdek, tergovchilar ushbu va boshqa noaniq tafsilotlarni oshkor qilishdan bosh tortgan deb da'vo qiladilar[53] qizlarning obro'sini himoya qilish va / yoki onasining his-tuyg'ularini saqlab qolish istagi tufayli.[54] Keyingi yillarda shunga o'xshash ayblovlar boshqalar tomonidan takrorlanishi mumkin edi, ularning ba'zilari ikkalasi ham ishning asl nusxalarini ko'rganligini va ikkala qiz ham 36-ko'chadagi barlardan tashqarida bo'sh vaqt o'tkazishni odat qilgan deb da'vo qilgan ko'plab McKinley Park aholisi bilan suhbatlashgan. va Archer xiyoboni, ular doimiy ravishda keksa erkaklarni bino tashqarisida ularga etkazib berish uchun alkogolli ichimliklar sotib olishga ishontirishgan.[15][55][56]

Patologik patologlar "qizlarni Medison Stritdan olib chiqib, ularni hurmatga sazovor qilishdi", degan Glosning talabiga qaramay,[24] ushbu ish bilan bog'liq bo'lgan tergovchilar qizning o'limidan oldin uning obro'sizligi yoki o'ta zo'ravonlik yoki jinsiy zo'ravonlik ko'rsatganligi to'g'risida hech qanday dalil yo'qligini ta'kidlaydilar.[45]

O'zining bayonotlarini qaytarib olishni rad etgandan so'ng, Gl 15-fevral kuni Coroner Walter E. McCarron tomonidan ishdan bo'shatildi,[57] Glosning ta'kidlashicha, uning ishdan bo'shatilishi siyosiy sababga ega edi.[51] Shunga qaramay, Glyos keyinchalik sherif tomonidan o'rinbosar etib tayinlanadi Jozef D. Lohman - Glosning aybiga binoan, qizlarni jinsiy yirtqichlar kaltaklagan va qiynoqqa solishgan, ehtimol ularni aybsiz bahona bilan o'z mashinasiga tortib olishgan - bu ishda ish haqini to'lamasdan ishlashni davom ettirish uchun.[53]

Ko'rish joylari

1956 yil 28 dekabrda Brayton teatrida opa-singillarni so'nggi ko'rish va 25 kundan keyin ularning jasadlari topilishi o'rtasida Chikagoda va undan tashqarida opa-singillarning bir nechta tasdiqlanmagan ko'rishlari haqida Chikago politsiya departamentiga xabar berilgan.[15] Eng keng tarqalgan xabarlarga quyidagilar kiradi:

  • Ko'p odamlar tergovchilarga qizlarning a-ga o'tirganini ko'rganliklarini aytishdi Chikago tranzit ma'muriyati Ko'rgazmadan so'ng shaharga sharq tomon yo'nalgan Archer prospektidagi avtobus. Ushbu holat haqida politsiyaga xabar berganlar orasida avtobus haydovchisi ham bor. Aytilishicha, opa-singillar ushbu avtobusni G'arbiy avenyuda, taxminan teatr va ularning uylari o'rtasida, taxminan soat 23:05 da olib kelishgan. Opa-singillar nega G'arbiy avenyuda avtobusni tushirishi noma'lum.[58][n 12]
  • Rojer Menard ismli yigit tergovchilarga 28 dekabr kuni bo'lib o'tgan film namoyishiga ham tashrif buyurganini ma'lum qildi Meni yaxshi ko'raman, Barbara va Patrisiya Grimesning orqasida va Vaynertga yaqin joyda o'tirgan. Menardning so'zlariga ko'ra, u teatrni "kech model" dan oldin biroz orqada Archer xiyobonidan o'tgan opa-singillardan bir daqiqa oldin tark etgan. Buick "ular yonida to'xtab qolishgan edi. Qizlar yurishni davom ettirishdan oldin ikkilanib turdilar. 42-ko'chadan o'tib ketishdi, shu bosqichdagi opa-singillar oldinda, qora tanli 1949 yil Merkuriy Ikkita o'spirin egallab olgan qizlar bilan yonma-yon tortilgan, garchi ular o'z uylari tomon yurishni davom ettirishdan oldin shunchaki kulishgan bo'lsa ham.[60]
  • Ed Lorden va Graf Zastro ismli ikkita o'spirin tergovchilarga ular Makkinli bog'i orqali soat 23:30 da haydab ketayotganliklari haqida xabar berishdi. 28 dekabr kuni ular 35-ko'chada opa-singillarni ko'rishgan. Xabar qilinishicha, ikkalasi Seli va Damen xiyobonlari yaqinida "hiqillab, eshik eshiklaridan bir-birlariga sakrab tushishgan", bir yosh esa ikkinchisiga: "O'sha ikki Grimes opa-singil", deb o'tib ketayotganlarida. Bu vaqtda qizlar o'z uylaridan taxminan ikki blok narida bo'lishgan.
  • Keyinchalik Jek Franklin ismli qo'riqchi tergovchilarga 29 dekabr kuni ertalab, ular teatrdan ketganidan taxminan o'n ikki soat o'tgach, ikki qizga ko'rsatma berganini ma'lum qildi. Ushbu og'zaki almashish go'yoki Lourens va Markaziy Park xiyobonlari yaqinida sodir bo'lgan va Franklin keyinchalik qizlarni Grimesning opa-singillari bo'lgan degan xulosaga kelgan va bu suhbatni eslashining yagona sababi shundaki, ikkala qiz ham unga nisbatan qo'pol va keskin bo'lgan.
  • Franklinning Barbara va Patritsiyani ko'rganligi aynan shu kuni, Barbaring Djudi Burrou ismli do'sti tergovchilarga xabar berishicha, u opa-singillarni soat 14:30 da, Archer prospektida (Damen prospektidan ikki blok) g'arbiy tomon yurganida ko'rgan.[59]
Patrisiya Grimesning o'limi to'g'risidagi guvohnoma.
  • Patrisiyaning Ketrin Borak ismli sinfdoshi Patrisiyani 29-dekabr kuni kechqurun ichkarida bo'lgan Borak restoranining yonidan o'tayotganini ko'rganini qat'iy aytdi. Borakning so'zlariga ko'ra Patrisiya noma'lum ikki yosh qizning yonida bo'lgan. Olti soatdan keyin Chikagodagi Klark teatri kassiri tomonidan soat 12: 45da ikkala qizni ko'rganini da'vo qilgan yana bir kishi kuzatuv o'tkazdi.[58]
  • Bernard Norton ismli temir yo'l konduktori ikki qizni poytaxt shimolidagi Buyuk ko'llar dengiz o'quv markazining yonida ko'rganini xabar qildi Glenview. Nortonning so'zlariga ko'ra, ikki qiz "Terri" va "Larri" ismli ikkita dengizchini qidirishgan.[59]
  • 30-dekabr kuni soat 05:40 da West Lison Madison 1340 da joylashgan D&L restoranining egasi, ikkala qizni ham ko'rganligini aytdi, aftidan Patritsiya juda mast yoki kasal bo'lib, hayron bo'lmasdan yurib, rasmiy gumonlanuvchi Edvard Bedvell bilan birga. Bu joy Brayton teatridan besh yarim mildan ko'proq masofada joylashgan.[61] "Claremont" mehmonxonasining kotibi o'likxonada jasadlarni ko'rgandan so'ng, xuddi shu kuni opa-singillarning mehmonxonaga kirganligini aniqladi.[62]
  • 1957 yil 1-yanvar kuni qizlar Damen prospektida Chikago tranzit ma'muriyati avtobusida ko'rilganligi haqida xabar berildi.[63]
  • Keyingi hafta G'arbiy 61-ko'chada joylashgan "Unity" mehmonxonasida tungi xizmatchi ikki qizga yoshi sababli xonadan bosh tortdi. Ushbu kotib ushbu qizlarning Grimes opa-singillari ekanligiga ishongan.
  • 3 yanvar kuni uchta xodim an Englvud[25] Kresge univermagida do'konning yozuvlar peshtaxtasida musiqa tinglayotgan ikkala qizni ko'rganini da'vo qilishdi. Har bir xodim opa-singillar Elvis Preslining musiqasini tinglayotganligini aytdi.[8]
  • 17-yanvar kuni ikkala opa-singil Nashvillga qochib ketishgan degan nazariyaga ishonchni qo'shib, Pearl Nevill ismli ayol tergovchilar bilan bog'lanib, 9 yanvar kuni ikkala qiz bilan shu joyda joylashgan hojatxonada uchrashganligini va u bilan birga ularni ish qidirish uchun davlat ish bilan ta'minlash agentligi. Nevillning so'zlariga ko'ra, ikkala qiz ham u "charchagan, bedraggled" holatida bo'lgan. Keyinchalik ushbu agentlikning xodimi fotosuratlardan opa-singillarni aniqlaydi, shuningdek ikkala qiz ham o'zlari joylashtirgan arizalarida "Grimes" familiyasini ishlatganligini eslaydi.[64]
  • 14-yanvar kuni erta tongda Patrisiya Grimesning Sandra Tollstan ismli sinfdoshi ota-onasiga ikkita alohida, noma'lum telefon qo'ng'iroqlari kelib tushdi. Birinchi qo'ng'iroq paytida boshqa tomondan hech kim gaplashmadi. Taxminan 15 daqiqadan so'ng ikkinchi telefon qo'ng'irog'ini olgach, Sandraning onasi Enn "qo'rqib ketgan va tushkunlikka tushgan" yosh ayol ovozini eshitdi: "Siz Sandra sizmisiz? Sandra u erdami?" Ann qizini telefonga olib kelguncha, qo'ng'iroq to'xtatildi. Tollstan xonim tergovchilarga uning sudlangani Patritsiya Grimes bo'lganligi to'g'risida xabar berdi.[8]
"Ko'rgazma tashqarisida hammamiz suhbatlashdik va telefon raqamlarimizni almashdik. Biz to'xtagan ko'chaga etib borgach, xayrlashdik va ko'chadan yugurdik. Keyin Betti Barbaraga aytishi kerak bo'lgan narsani unutdi va biz orqaga yugurdik. burchak ... Taxminan 22 yoki 25 yoshli bir kishi ular bilan gaplashayotgan edi, u mashinaning orqa o'rindig'ida Barbarani va Patni old o'rindig'ida turtib yubordi, biz mashina yonimizdan o'tayotganda biz litsenziya raqamining bir qismini oldik. Birinchi to'rt kishi raqamlar 2184 edi. Betti shundan keyin uch-to'rtta raqam bor deb o'ylaydi ... Ular etishmayotganini eshitib, nima qilishni bilmay qoldik. "

Yuborilgan noma'lum xatning bo'limi Chikago Sun-Times maslahat kolonnisti Ann Landers, 1957 yil yanvar.[65]

  • 19-yanvar kuni televidenie va radioda Elvis Preslining opa-singillarni uylariga qaytishlarini iltimos qilganidan so'ng, Chikago Sun-Times maslahat kolonnisti Ann Landers noma'lum xat oldi, u go'yoki g'oyib bo'lgan kechada opa-singillarni yosh erkak tomonidan mashinaga majburlanganiga guvoh bo'lganligini aytgan qiz tomonidan yozilgan. Ushbu xat bilan qisman litsenziya raqami berilgan bo'lsa-da, keyingi politsiya transport vositasini izlab topishga urinishlari samara bermadi. Ushbu xatning muallifi hech qachon aniqlanmagan va uning mazmuni hech qachon tasdiqlanmagan.[66]

Gumon qilinuvchilar

Edvard Bedvell

Edvard Li "Benni" Bedvell[67] 21 yoshli yarimsavodli quruqroq,[68] asli Tennesi shtatidan, oilasidan chiqarib yuborilgan Sharqiy Garfild bog'i 1956 yil noyabr oyida uyga[69] opa-singillari Grimesni o'ldirishidan bir necha hafta oldin, vaqti-vaqti bilan Chikagoda yarim kunlik idishlarni yuvish mashinasi sifatida ishlash orqali pul ishlaganlar. skid qatori restoran Bedvell baland bo'yli shaxs bo'lib, u go'yo Elvis Presliga juda o'xshash edi.[27] Jon va Minni Duroslarning so'zlariga ko'ra (Bedvell ishlaydigan restoran egalari), u va boshqa bir yosh erkak uning uyida jismonan o'xshash ikkita qizning yonida bo'lgan.[70] opa-singillar Grimes 30 dekabr kuni erta tongda.[71] Duros ushbu ma'lumotni 24 yanvar kuni politsiyaga etkazdi. Shundan keyin Bedvell hibsga olingan va uch kun davomida so'roq qilingan.[72]

Dastlab, Bedvell Jon va Minni Duros va Rene Echols ismli homiysi (u kim edi) tasdiqlangan Durosning guvohlari bergan bayonotlari) 30 dekabrda u bilan birga bo'lgan qizlarni identifikatsiyalashda xato qilingan, garchi u 1957 yil 27 yanvarda opa-singillarning qotilligi uchun rasmiy ravishda ayblangan bo'lsa-da, u 14 betlik tan olishda imzo chekkan. dedi u (Bedvell) va uning ismli Uilyam Koul Uillingemning 28 yoshli tanishi[34] haqiqatan ham 30-dekabr kuni Grimes opa-singillarning kompaniyasida bo'lgan, shuningdek 7-yanvarga qadar o'z kompaniyalarini saqlab qolishgan - odatda G'arbiy Madison ko'chasidagi turli xil skid-salonlarda ichishgan.[73] Bedvellning so'zlariga ko'ra, qizlarning tayyor kompaniyasida bir necha kun ishlaganidan so'ng, u va sherigi opa-singillarga hot-dog'larni ovqatlantirgandan ko'p o'tmay,[68] yalang'och tanalarini qor bilan to'ldirilgan ariqqa tashlashdan oldin, ular ikkala qizni ham ko'p kaltaklashgan[74] ikkala opa-singil jinsiy rivojlanishdan bosh tortganda.[75] Bedvellning iqrorligini o'qiyotgan Lorretta Grimesning so'zlari keltirilgan: "Bu yolg'on. Mening qizlarim West Madison Street-da bo'lmaydi. Ular qaerdaligini ham bilishmasdi".[67][8]

Uillingem 30 dekabr kuni erta tongda Bedvell va ikki qizning kompaniyasida bo'lganligini tan oldi, ammo qizlarning Grimes singillari bo'lganini rad etdi.[76] Shuningdek, u qotilliklarga aloqadorligini qat'iyan rad etdi; Bedvellning o'zi keyinroq orqaga qaytish u tergovchilarga bergan iqrorligi, hibsda to'rt kun hibsda ushlab turilgandan keyingina politsiya uni qo'yib yuboradi degan noto'g'ri ishonch bilan faqat iqror bo'lganligini aytgan.[75][n 13][n 14]

Ikkala qizga qilingan otopsi hisobotlari ham Bedvellning rad etilishini qo'llab-quvvatladi, chunki qurbonning qonida yoki ovqat hazm qilish tizimida spirtli ichimliklar yoki sosiskalar topilmadi,[78] na qizlarni o'ldirishgan.[42] Bundan tashqari, Bedvell, shuningdek, ish joyi bo'lgan Ajax Consolidated Company-da soat 16: 19dan boshlab ishlaganligi ma'lum. 1956 yil 28 dekabrda, opa-singillarni o'g'irlashning haqiqiy vaqtini qamrab olgan 29 dekabr soat 12:30 gacha,[72] Bedvellning ishlaganligini tasdiqlovchi boshqa yozuvlar bilan Tsitseron kuni ularni o'ldirganini aytdi. 6-fevral kuni Bedwell tomonidan jismoniy shaxs tomonidan to'langan 20000 dollarlik zayom evaziga ozod qilindi Shampaniya.[n 15]

O'sha yili o'zini oqlagan kuni, Bedvell 1956 yilda 13 yoshli qizchani zo'rlashda ayblanib sud qilinadi va oqlanadi. Oak Hill, Florida.[80] U 1972 yil noyabr oyida vafot etdi.[81]

Maks Fleyg

Maks Flerg opa-singillarning qotilligida 17 yoshli gumonlanuvchi bo'lgan. Dastlab asosiy gumon qilinuvchilardan biri deb hisoblangan, yoshi tufayli Fleyg zamondosh tomonidan himoya qilingan Illinoys qonunlari bu balog'atga etmagan bolalarga bo'ysunishni oldini oldi poligrafiya sinovlari. Shunga qaramay, Chikago politsiyasi kapitani Ralf Petakki o'spirinni norasmiy poligraf testiga topshirishga ishontirdi,[17] buni Fleyg ixtiyoriy ravishda o'z zimmasiga oldi.[82] Ushbu norasmiy poligrafiya sinovi davomida Fleyg go'yo qotillikni tan oldi.[83] Ushbu testdan Fleygga qarshi dalil sifatida foydalanishning qonuniy vositasi bo'lmagan holda,[84] politsiya uni ayblovsiz ozod qilishga majbur bo'ldi.[82]

Bundan tashqari, politsiya yo'qligi sababli Fleigga qotilliklar bo'yicha ayblovni taqdim eta olmadi ashyoviy dalillar u opa-singillarni o'g'irlab ketgan va keyinchalik o'ldirganligi to'g'risida o'zining norasmiy poligrafiya iqrorligini tasdiqlaydi.[n 16]

Keyinchalik Flayg yosh ayolni o'ldirishda ayblanib qamalgan.[84]

Valter Kranz

Uolter Kranz, 53 yoshda paroxod va o'zini e'lon qildi ruhiy, 15 yanvar kuni Chikago markaziy politsiya shikoyat xonasida kommutator operatoriga qo'ng'iroq qilib, operatorga uning ikkala opa-singillari ham vafot etganligi va ularning jasadlari joylashgan joydan topilishi mumkinligi to'g'risida sudlanganligi to'g'risida xabar berdi. Lion shaharchasi.[84] Kranz ushbu telefon qo'ng'irog'ida operatorga ismini oshkor qilishdan bosh tortdi, shunchaki u buni boshdan kechirganligini aytdi Vahiy tushida, qo'ng'iroqni tugatishdan oldin. Shunga qaramay, operator qo'ng'iroqni uyiga yaqin joyda kuzatishi mumkin edi.[25]

Kranz telefon orqali so'zlagan bog'i, bir hafta o'tgach, qizlarning jasadlari topilgan joydan taxminan bir mil uzoqlikda bo'lishi kerak edi.[86] So'roq qilinganida, Kranz politsiyaga uning oilasi va ajdodlarining bir nechta a'zolari ruhiy kuchlarga ega ekanligi haqida xabar bergan,[72] va u tunda ichkilikbozlikdan so'ng, bu aniq vahiyni boshdan kechirganini.[43]

Dastlab politsiya ularni qotillikda "birinchi raqamli gumondor" deb bilgan bo'lsa-da,[37] va qo'lyozma mutaxassislari bilan ham u yozgan bo'lishi mumkinligini aniqladilar to'lov eslatmasi qizlarining jasadlari topilishidan oldin qizlarning onasi tomonidan qabul qilingan Kranz opa-singillarning o'g'irlanishi va qotilligiga aloqadorligini rad etdi. Bir necha bor so'roq qilinganidan so'ng, u ozod qilindi.

"Ular chiroyli, oddiy kichkina qizlar edilar. Kambag'al va baxtli - biz hammamiz edik. Ularning onalari ishlashlari kerak edi va u ularga pollarni silash singari uy ishlarini topshirar edi. Bizning kulgili g'oyamiz ularning ustiga sovunli suv quyib, yalang'och kiyimimizda aylanib yurish edi. Bilasizmi, oyoqlari, kıkırdama - bema'ni, kichkina bolalar uchun narsalar ... Bilasizmi, ular iliq bo'lish uchun tanigan odam bilan sayr qilishni qabul qilishgan bo'lishi mumkin. Yoki bu, yoki kimdir ularni mashinaga majburlab qo'ygan. "

Rozmari Chodor, Tereza Grimesning do'sti, uchta opa-singilning shaxsiy xususiyatlarini eslaydi[77]

Natijada

Yo'qolgan va qizlarining jasadlari topilgan bir necha hafta ichida Lorretta Grimes ishlay olmadi va shu tariqa bolalarini boqish va uyiga ipoteka to'lash uchun pul topdi. Grimeslar oilasining do'stlari va qo'shnilari, shuningdek, sinfdoshlari va opa-singillarning o'qituvchilari - oilaga mablag 'yig'ish uchun turli tashabbuslar uyushtirishdi. Mahalliy matbuot va kengash orqali qo'shimcha mablag'lar to'planib, xayriya mablag'lari 50 sentdan 500 dollargacha bo'lgan har xil usullar bilan to'plandi. Binobarin, yig'ilgan barcha mablag'lar Grimes oilasiga ikkala uyidagi qolgan ipotekani to'lashga va Barbara va Patrisiyaning jasadlarini ko'mishga imkon beradi.[87]

Keyingi a uyg'onish 25 yanvar kuni qizlar xotirasida[88] va a Muqaddas massa Sankt-Maurice cherkovida o'tkazilgan Barbara va Patrisiya Grimeslar Muqaddas qabriston qabristoniga dafn etildi. Uort, Illinoys, 28-yanvar kuni. Wollschlager dafn marosimi uyi tomonidan xizmat uchun barcha to'lovlar bekor qilindi,[6] va opa-singillar yonma-yon ko'milgan.[89] Xizmat qiladiganlar orasida toshbo'ron qiluvchilar ushbu xizmatda Barbaraning sinfdoshlari bo'lgan.[90]

1957 yil may oyida Lorretta Grimesga qizlarini echintirganini va o'ldirganini aytgan shaxs noma'lum telefon orqali qo'ng'iroq qildi. Garchi Grimes oilasiga qizlar yo'qolganidan keyin ko'plab yolg'on telefon qo'ng'iroqlari kelgan bo'lsa ham,[26] politsiya Edvard Bedvell kabi gumon qilinuvchilarni ayblashga qaratilgan harakatlarini masxara qilgan holda, ushbu qo'ng'iroq qiluvchisi, haqiqatan ham jinoyatchi bo'lishi mumkinligini ko'rsatuvchi ma'lumot bilan telefon aloqasini tugatdi: "Men sizning kichkina qizingiz haqida biron bir narsani bilaman, hatto boshqa hech kim bilmaydi. Politsiya. Eng kichkina qizning oyoq barmoqlari oyoq ostiga kesilgan! " So'ngra ushbu qo'ng'iroq qiluvchi qo'ng'iroqni tugatishdan oldin kulib yubordi.[91]

Lorretta Grimes qizlarini o'ldirganidan bir yil o'tib, qizlari taniqli shaxs tomonidan o'ldirilganiga ishonch hosil qilib, agar ularni o'g'irlash kechasida ob-havo juda sovuq bo'lsa ham, Barbara va Patrisiya hech qachon kirib kelmasligini aytdi. har qanday noqulaylikdan qat'i nazar, ular uchun noma'lum shaxs tomonidan boshqariladigan transport vositasi.[92]

Jozef Lohman, Krey okrugi sherifi, Grimes opa-singillari ularni yo'qolib ketishi kechqurun ularni transport vositasiga tortib olgan jinsiy yirtqichlar tomonidan kaltaklangan, qiynoqqa solingan va o'ldirilganiga qattiq ishongan. Uning davrida o'lim, Lohman edi Dekan Kriminologiya maktabi Berkli.[93]

Opa-singillar Grimesning g'oyib bo'lishining 18 yilligida, qizlarning qotilliklarini tergov qilishda boshidanoq qatnashgan va tergovga tayinlangan yagona detektiv Ernest Spiotto yana politsiya ommaviy axborot vositalarida e'lon qildi ishonchli emas gumon qilinuvchilar holda.[34] Rasmiy ravishda Grimes opa-singillarining qotilliklari ochilmagan bo'lib qolmoqda, garchi bu ochiq ish bo'lsa ham.

Opa-singillari o'ldirilgan paytda 11 yoshda bo'lgan Grimes opa-singillarining kichik ukasi Jeyms Grimes 2013 yilda u "ishning qayta tiklanishi" deb bilgan narsalarini mamnuniyat bilan qabul qilganligini ta'kidlab: "Men shunchaki buni taxmin qildim never going to be solved. [But] maybe there's hope."[94]

Unofficial investigation

In 2013, a retired G'arbiy Chikago police officer named Raymond Johnson began a personal investigation into the case. Johnson—considered by many to be an expert on this case—had become interested in the Grimes sisters' case in 2010,[47] when he had been researching a book he had been writing about the city's history.[95] Having extensively researched the case, Johnson has stated his conviction that the case is still a solvable one, but only with public assistance,[96] and that he believes that the perpetrator of this crime had been a 23-year-old self-confessed child killer named Charles LeRoy Melquist, who had been considered a suspect in the sisters' abduction and murder in 1957.[97]

Melquist had been convicted of the September 1958 murder of a 15-year-old girl named Bonnie Leigh Scott, whom he had known prior to her murder,[98] va kimning boshi kesilgan body had been found two months after her disappearance less than 10 miles from where the Grimes sisters' bodies had been discovered.[99] Following the discovery of Scott's body, investigators had noted similarities in this murder and body disposal, and that of the Grimes sisters. Nonetheless, Melquist was never questioned as to his potential aybdorlik in the Grimes sisters' murders, as his attorney had forbidden him to be subject to questioning.[100]

The day after the body of Bonnie Leigh Scott was discovered, Lorretta Grimes received a phone call from an individual who, on this occasion, claimed responsibility for Scott's murder. On this occasion, the caller had stated: "I've committed another perfect crime ... This is another one those cops won't solve and they're not going [to affix blame onto] Bedwell or Barry Cook."[91][n 17] Lorretta Grimes would remain adamant until her death this caller had been the same individual who had contacted her in May 1957 and had revealed the deformatsiya upon one of her daughters' feet which had never been released to the press or the public, stating: "I will never forget that voice."[91]

Charles Melquist was never charged with his alleged involvement in the deaths of the Grimes sisters. U 2010 yilda vafot etdi.[101]

Shuningdek qarang

Izohlar

  1. ^ Rasmiy o'lim to'g'risidagi guvohnomalar of both Barbara and Patricia Grimes state their o'lim sabablari mavjud bo'lib qotillik; the specific means of which, in both cases, is attributed as being secondary shock.
  2. ^ Patricia Grimes was born on December 31, 1943. Although several sources list her age as thirteen, she was twelve when last seen alive.[1]
  3. ^ Joseph and Lorretta Grimes had divorced in December 1951. The divorce had been on amicable terms, with all the Grimes children maintaining regular contact with their father.[7]
  4. ^ Of the $2.50 in the sisters' possession on the night of their disappearance, $1.50 had been intended for the admission fee to the Brighton Theater for both girls; 50 cents had been given for two boxes of popcorn, and the final fifty cents had been intended as the fare for the bus ride home for both girls.[14]
  5. ^ One of many eyewitness reports received by the Chicago Police Department in January 1957 came from an individual who claimed to have seen the girls at a bus station in Elvis Presley's home town; thus leading to the possibility the girls had traveled to Tennessi to visit their idol.[16]
  6. ^ Upon hearing of the discovery of her daughters' bodies, Lorretta Grimes would lament: "My poor babies. If the police had listened to me they would have had the true story half an hour after [the girls] were missing."[29]
  7. ^ Initially, both investigators and the media speculated the Grimes sisters' murders may be linked to the murders of three Chicago schoolboys whose nude bodies had been found in a o'rmon muhofazasi in October 1955, with Cook County Sheriff Joseph Lohman stating there had been "remarkable similarities" in both cases of multiple murder.[30] Another individual would be convicted of the 1955 triple homicide in 2002.[31]
  8. ^ U kelgandan so'ng jinoyat joyi, Joseph Grimes simply glanced at the bodies before stating, "Yes, they are my daughters" before slumping forward in bouts of tears. He had to be supported from the scene by police officers. Given Joseph Grimes' evident distress, another family relative later made a formal identification of the girls in a Cook County morgue.[35]
  9. ^ Several hours after the discovery of the girls' bodies, the area surrounding the discovery would be appropriately cordoned until the scene could be appropriately examined by crime scene experts.[39]
  10. ^ Rasmiy bo'lsa-da patologik report attributed the girls' deaths to exposure, in an interview given to the News and Courier, one of the doctors referred to the deaths as "brutal homicides", adding: "Those girls could not have died tabiiy ravishda."[47]
  11. ^ Glos would also assert the autopsy reports, in conjunction with circumstantial evidence, unequivocally revealed that both sisters had been held captive for a minimum of ten days prior to their murder, adding that throughout the period of their captivity, both girls had been subjected to repeated beatings, torture, and sexual assaults.[52]
  12. ^ Investigators would question the accuracy of at least part of this sighting due to the fact the bus driver would state he believed he had heard the sisters mentioning their intention to board an oncoming northbound Western Avenue trolley, which traveled in the direction opposite their home.[59]
  13. ^ At the commencement of a three-day habeas corpus hearing beginning January 31, Bedwell testified he had concocted his confession due to his being the recipient of threats, bribery, and occasional physical violence throughout his interrogations.[77]
  14. ^ Two teenage cousins named Irene Dean (age 19) and Carol King (age 18) would later inform investigators they had likely been the two girls who had accompanied Bedwell and Willingham to the restaurant in the early hours of either December 29 or 30. Dean would state her cousin had "paired off" with Willingham while she (Dean) had been Bedwell's date. Minnie Duros would recollect having seen Irene Dean in the restaurant on other dates, but never in Bedwell's company.[69]
  15. ^ All charges filed against Bedwell would be officially dropped on March 4[79] due to the numerous inconsistencies in his confession in relation to the jismoniy va tasodifiy dalillar obtained and determined. Furthermore, Bedwell was officially classified as being a mentally retarded individual.[34]
  16. ^ When Lorretta Grimes was informed that Illinoys qonuni prohibited juveniles from subjection to polygraph testing, she praised police efforts to persuade Fleig to submit to an unofficial polygraph test, but publicly slated the Law of Illinois which protected an alleged murderer simply due to his age.[85]
  17. ^ Cook was a criminal incarcerated at the Joliet axloq tuzatish markazi who had admitted then denied his involvement in two murders dating from 1957.

Adabiyotlar

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Iqtibos qilingan asarlar va qo'shimcha o'qish

  • Beyli, Frenki Y. Doktor; Chermak, Steven (2016). Asrlar jinoyati: Amerika tarixidagi mashhur jinoyatlar, jinoyatchilar va jinoiy sud jarayonlari. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. 325-326-betlar. ISBN  978-1-610-69593-0.
  • Bielski, Ursula (1998). Chicago Haunts: Shamolli shaharning sharafi. Chikago: Claremont Press ko'li. ISBN  0-96424-269-9.
  • Dunning, John (1992). Mindless Murders. Great Britain: Mulberry Editions. ISBN  1-873-12333-7.
  • Johnson, Raymond (2014). Chicago History: The Stranger Side. Atglen, Pensilvaniya: Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. ISBN  978-0-764-34509-8.
  • Nash, Jay Robert (1983). Open Files: A Narrative Encyclopedia of the World's Greatest Unsolved Crimes. Maryland: M. Evans. 100-101 betlar. ISBN  978-0-070-45907-6.
  • Nyuton, Maykl (2009). Fosh qilinmagan jinoyatlar ensiklopediyasi. Nyu-York: Fayldagi faktlar. pp.76 –77. ISBN  978-0-816-07818-9.
  • Shaffer, Tamara (2006). Murder Gone Cold: The Mystery of the Grimes Sisters. Oak Lawn, Illinois: Ghost Research Society Press. ISBN  0-9766072-7-1.
  • Taylor, Troy (2015). The Two Lost Girls: The Mystery of the Grimes Sisters. Canada: Whitechapel Productions. ISBN  978-1-892-52398-3.
  • Taylor, Troy (2009). True Crime: Illinois: The State's Most Notorious Criminal Cases. Pensilvaniya: Stackpole kitoblari. ISBN  978-0-811-73562-9.
  • Thompson, Emily G. (2018). Hal qilinmagan bolalar qotilliklari: o'n sakkizta Amerika ishi, 1956-1998. Shimoliy Karolina: McFarland & Company Inc. ISBN  978-1-476-67000-3.

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