Valter Stadnik - Walter Stadnick - Wikipedia

Valter Stadnik
Tug'ilgan
Volodumir Stadnik

(1952-08-03) 1952 yil 3-avgust (68 yosh)
Xemilton, Ontario, Kanada
MillatiKanadalik
Boshqa ismlarNurget
KasbQonunsiz velosipedchi
Faol yillar1968-
Ma'lumKanadaning Hells Angels milliy prezidenti

Volodumir "Valter" Stadnik (1952 yil 3-avgustda tug'ilgan) Xemilton, Ontario[1]), shuningdek, "Nurget" nomi bilan tanilgan, Kanadaning uchinchi prezidenti bo'lgan uyushgan jinoyatchilik arbobi Jahannam farishtalari Kanada. Stadnik odatda "Hells Angels" ni Kanadadagi hukmron noqonuniy velosipedchilar klubiga aylantirganiga ishonadi.[2] Jurnalistlar Mishel Auger va Piter Edvardsning ta'kidlashicha, Stadnik haqida ko'p narsa sirli bo'lib, uning sobiqligi Nurgetning ma'nosi va Hamiltondan kelgan bir tilda bo'lmagan anglo kanadalik o'sha paytda asosan fransuz-kanadalik do'zax farishtalarining etakchisiga aylanishiga qadar.[3] 2004 yilda jurnalist Tu Thanh Ha Stadnik "jamoatchilikka unchalik tanish bo'lmagan maxfiy odam", ammo "u Kanadadagi uyushgan jinoyatchilikning eng muhim shaxslaridan biri" deb yozgan edi.[4]

Yovvoyi odamlar

Volodumir Stadnik Hamiltonning "yuqori qismida" "tog '" tepasida tug'ilgan, mahalliy aholi uni " Niagara Escarpment ukrainalik muhojirlar oilasiga.[5] Uning ota-onasi Andriy va Valentina Stadniklar edi, ular Sharqiy 16-uy, 98-uyda, kichik jinoyatchilikning yuqori darajasi bilan mashhur bo'lgan ishchilar sinfida yashagan.[6] Boshlang'ich maktabda u o'z familiyasining imlosini Stadnikka o'zgartirdi va Volodumirdan ko'ra Valter deb nomlanishni afzal ko'rdi.[6] Bolaligida u muntazam ravishda mahalliy Uniate katolik cherkoviga tashrif buyurgan va o'zini tinch va o'zini yaxshi tutgan deb ta'riflashgan.[6] Sobiq o'qituvchilardan biri u haqida shunday degan edi: "U juda katta tabiiy aqlga ega edi, ammo uni rag'batlantirishning iloji yo'q edi. Deyarli u muvaffaqiyat qozonishni istamaganday edi".[6]

O'smirlik davrida Stadnik o'zining o'rta maktabida giyohvand moddalar sotuvchisi sifatida tanilgan va 1970 yilga kelib u "Nurget" laqabi bilan tanilgan.[7] Stadnikning laqabi nima uchun "Nurget" ekanligi sir bo'lib qolmoqda; Xemilton politsiyachilaridan biri, maktab davridanoq, mahalla xash sotuvchisi bo'lganida, Stadnik har doim xashni sotish uchun "nugget" bo'lganini aytadi.[8] O'rta maktab o'quvchisi bo'lganida, u uzuk va zanjir kabi yorqin taqinchoqlarni taqib, ulug'vor kiyinishni umr bo'yi boshlagan.[9] Stadnik avtoulov do'konida yaxshi ishlagan Hill Park O'rta Maktabi, lekin aks holda befarq talaba edi.[6] O'rta maktabda uni taniganlar Stadnikni bo'yi past bo'lishiga qaramay, kurashchi sifatida tanilgan "qattiq bola" deb hisoblashgan.[9] U juda shuhratparast edi; o'smirlik davrida Hamiltonda velosipedchilar to'dasiga qo'shilib kazaklar deb nomlangan, ular sochlarini uzun qilib o'stirish va velosiped dubulg'alarida teshik ochish odatlari bilan ajralib turar edilar.[10] Stadnik ukrain merosiga havola sifatida to'dani kazaklar deb atadi.[10]

1970 yil 23 oktyabrda politsiyachi cho'ntagidan LSD planshetlarini topgandan so'ng, Stadnik hibsga olingan.[11] Stadnik ayblangan, ammo garov puli bergan.[11] Keyinchalik Stadnik tarqatish niyatida xash saqlagani uchun ikkinchi marta hibsga olingan.[5][11] 1971 yil 6-yanvarda Stadnikning ishi qanday bo'lishidan qat'i nazar sud majlisiga o'tishi to'g'risida qaror qabul qilish uchun dastlabki sud majlisi bo'lib o'tganda, Stadnikning velosiped do'stlari sudda o'zini ko'rsatib, o'zini tutishmagan va sudya ularni sud zalidan chiqarib yuborishga undagan.[12] Sud zalidan tashqarida, Stadnikning velosiped sheriklari unga qarshi ko'rsatma berish rejalashtirilgan politsiyachidan biriga qasam ichishni va tahdid qilishni boshladilar, bu esa dahlizda mushtlashuvga olib keldi.[12] Stendik sotish maqsadida giyohvand moddalarni saqlashda aybdor deb topildi.[5]

Bir muddat Stadnik o'zining bo'lajak dushmani Mario "Wop" Parente, Hamilton bo'limining prezidenti bilan do'stona munosabatda bo'ldi. Shaytonning tanlovi noqonuniy velosipedchilar to'dasi, ammo xabarlarga ko'ra Parente 5'4 Stadnikning Shaytonning tanloviga qo'shilishga urinishida u juda kalta ekanligi sababli veto qo'ygan.[13] Shaytonning tanlovi 1960-70 yillarda Ontarioning eng kuchli noqonuniy velosiped klubi bo'lgan. 1973 yilda Hells Angels taklif qildi Berni Gindon, "Shaytonning tanlovi" milliy prezidenti, "Hells Angels" ga aylanish uchun o'z klubiga "yamoq" tushirish imkoniyati, Kanadalik millatchi Gindon o'z taklifini darhol rad etdi va o'z klubini kanadalik sifatida saqlab qolish kerakligini aytdi.[14] Shaytonning tanloviga qo'shila olmagan Stadnik, 1977 yilda Wild Ones noqonuniy velosiped klubiga qo'shildi.[15] Yovvoyi kishilar kazaklarga qaraganda ko'proq etakchi klub bo'lganligi sababli, unga qo'shilish Stadnik uchun qadam bo'ldi.[16] Stadnik tinch, hech qachon chekmaydigan yoki giyohvandlik qilmaydigan va me'yorida ichadiganligi bilan tanilgan.[17]

Bitta Shaytonning tanlovi bo'lgan velosipedchi, Sesil Kirbi Stadnikni 1977 yilda Vasaga-Bichdagi velosipedchilar konferentsiyasida birinchi marta ko'rgan Stadnik o'zini "hardcore" velosipedchi sifatida tan olish uchun juda ko'p harakat qilgandek tuyulganini eslab: "Men uni yoqtirmas edim. Men uni bir xil deb o'ylardim. poserning ".[16] 1977 yil iyulda Parente va Hamiltonning Shaytonning tanlovi bo'limining qolgan qismi bilan birgalikda "yamoq qo'yib" Mototsikl klubini noqonuniy yo'lga qo'yish, Kanadada kengayishni xohlagan.[18] 1977 yil 5-dekabrda Kvebekdagi ko'plab noqonuniy velosiped klublarining eng zo'ravonlari deb hisoblangan Monrealdagi Popeyes mototsikl klubi Kanadadagi birinchi Hells Angels bobiga aylanish uchun "yamoq qo'ydi".[19] 1978 yil 17-fevralda Outlaws va Hells Angels o'rtasida velosiped urushi boshlandi.[20] Baykerlar urushi Hells Angel-da boshlangan Iv "Apache" Trudeau Monrealda ikkita qonunbuzarni otib, birini o'ldirdi.[20]

1978 yilga kelib, Stadnik Yovvoyi kishilarning etakchisiga aylandi.[10] O'tgan asrning 70-yillarida noqonuniy velosipedchilar klublari mafiya va West End Gang singari boshqa uyushgan jinoiy guruhlarga bo'ysungan, ular noqonuniy velosipedchilarni o'zlari qilishni xohlamagan "iflos ishlarni" bajarishgan.[21] Yovvoyi odamlar mafiya uchun subpudratchi bo'lib ishlagan, ulardan tovlamachilik pulini to'lashdan bosh tortgan korxonalarni bombardimon qilishda foydalanilgan.[10] Portlashlarni tekshirgan Xemilton politsiyasi detektivi Ken Roberston: "Bu juda murakkab operatsiya edi", dedi.[10] Yana bir Xemilton politsiyasi xodimi Jon Xarris Stadnik haqida shunday dedi: "U kichkina bo'yli yigit edi. U, albatta, to'daning eng ko'zga ko'ringan a'zosi emas edi. U olomon ichida shunchaki yuz edi. U deyarli ko'rinmas edi, lekin u shunday qildi yelkasida bosh bor ".[10] Wilds Ones Hamiltonda kamroq noqonuniy velosiped klublaridan biri deb hisoblanardi va "Outlaw" bobida ularning mavjudligiga toqat qilar edi, chunki ular tahdid sifatida ko'rilmadi.[18] 1978 yil oktyabrda Stadnik bordi Monreal murojaat qilish Iv Buto, ning milliy prezidenti Jahannam farishtalari Kanada Ontario shahridagi birinchi Hells Angels bobiga aylanish uchun yovvoyi kishilarga "yamoq" qo'yishni muhokama qiladi.[22] Monrealga safari chog'ida Stadnik Le Tourbillion qirg'inidan omon qolgan 1978 yil 12 oktyabrda Le Turbillion bariga hujum qilganlar, u erda uchrashgan farishtalarni va yovvoyi odamlarni otib tashlash uchun farishtalardan birini va yovvoyi onlardan ikkitasini o'ldirishgan.[23] Stadnik stol ostida yashirinib omon qoldi.[24] Hamilton bobida "Qabul qiluvchilar" yovvoyi odamlarni o'ldirishni boshladilar va yovvoyi tabiatning 5 a'zosi o'ldirilgandan so'ng, to'da o'zlarini tarqatib yubordi.[8] Stadnik Monrealdan qaytib kelganida, u o'zining to'dasi o'zlarini yo'q deb topganligini aniqladi, ammo Stadnik Monrealda va yolg'iz Hamiltonda faoliyat olib boradigan Hells Anxel sifatida ishlashni tanladi.[25]

Jahannam farishtalari

Hech qanday frantsuz tilini bilmasligiga qaramay, Stadnik "Hells Angels" ning Monreal janubidagi "ona bobiga" qo'shildi va tezda saflarida ko'tarildi. U 1982 yil 26 mayda o'zining to'liq yamog'ini oldi.[8] 1982 yil dekabrda, Stadnik Monrealda bir necha yil yashaganidan keyin Xamiltonga qaytib keldi va boshqa yirtqich bilan birga Monrealda bo'lgan vaqtida Stadnikning tarjimoni bo'lib ishlagan Noel "fransuzi" Maillo nomli Hells Angel-ga aylandi.[26] Stadnikning e'tiborni jalb qilmaslik haqidagi buyrug'iga qaramay, Mailloux striptizchi qiz do'sti Konni Avgustin bilan birgalikda uzoq vaqt kokain ichkilikka kirishdi.[26] 1983 yil 17 fevralda kokainga sabab bo'lgan paranoyada, Mailloux Avgustinni o'ldirishga urinib, uni bir necha bor otib tashlagan, shu bilan birga uning to'rt yashar o'g'li Styuart Xavli va uning eng yaqin do'sti Sindi Li Tompsonni o'ldirgan.[27] Shundan so'ng Mailloux Gemilton ko'chalarida yurib, baland giyohga boy, bema'ni gaplarni gapirib, bo'sh qurolini ko'chada uchratgan odamga o'q uzishga uringanida topilgan.[27] Ushbu hodisa Ontario shahridagi Hells Angels obraziga jiddiy zarar etkazdi, chunki ular o'zlarini nazoratsiz va xavfli ko'rinishga olib kelishdi va Stadnik bir muncha vaqt Ontarioda Hells Angels bo'limini yaratishga urinishlarini to'xtatishga majbur bo'ldi.[27] 1983 yil iyulda Buto Britaniyaning Kolumbiyasining Quyi materikida va Vankuver orolida joylashgan 3 bobdan iborat kuchli Shaytonning farishtalari velosipedchilar to'dasini Hells Angels-ga qo'shilish uchun "yamoq" qilishga ko'ndirganida Kvebekdan tashqarida birinchi farishta boblarini yaratdi.[28] Monrealdan kelgan ikki jahannam farishtasi Mishel "Jinx" Genest va Jan-Mark Nadu marosimda qatnashish uchun avtobusda Vankuverga borishdi va shimoliy Ontario orqali ketayotib, Parente boshchiligidagi bir nechta noqonuniy velosipedchilar tasodifan yonma-yon yurib, ulardan birini payqashdi. avtobus yo'lovchilari Hells Angels ranglarini kiyishgan.[28] G'azablangan Parente va boshqa qonunbuzarlar avtobus janob krujkalar qahvaxonasi va donut do'konida to'xtaganda, uni otib tashlashga kirishdilar. Vava ikki jahannam farishtalarini o'ldirish uchun.[29] Hech kim o'lmaganligi sababli, Vava voqeasi Parentening Ontarioga ko'chib o'tadigan Hells Angels-ga bo'lgan munosabatini ko'rsatdi.[29] 1983 yil 21-iyulda Vankuverda Britaniya Kolumbiyasida Hells Angels tashkil etilib, "yamoq tugadi".[29]

1983 yil 8 sentyabrda Stadnikning homiysi Buto noqonuniy jinoyatchi Gino Gudro tomonidan o'ldirildi. Longueuil O'sha paytda ko'pchilik Stadnikning karerasini tugatgan deb taxmin qilgan, chunki u o'sha paytlarda asosan frantsuz-kanadalik noqonuniy velosipedchilar klubi a'zosi bo'lganida hech qanday frantsuz tilida gaplashmagan.[30] Uni o'ldirish paytida Buto rahbar Gay Gilbert bilan uchrashgan Kitchener Gudro tomonidan o'ldirilgan Shaytonning tanlovi bobida, "Hells Angels" ga aylanish uchun "yamoq" qilish haqida.[27] Butoning milliy prezident sifatidagi vorisi Mishel "Sky" Langlois va uning o'ng qo'li Rejen "Zig Zag" Lessard bilan birgalikda ikkalasi ham Stadnik Ontarioda Hells Angels tashkil etish uchun eng yaxshi umidini taklif qildi.[30] Aynan shu vaqtlarda Stadnik "Filthy Few" yamog'ini kiyishni boshladi, politsiya to'da uchun o'ldirganlarga beriladi degan.[30] O'sha paytda Hamilton jinoyatchilar dunyosida uchta mafiya oilasi hukmron edi Papaliya jinoyatchilari oilasi, Musitano jinoyatchilar oilasi va Luppino jinoyatchilari oilasi Hamiltonni Stadnik uchun xavfli joyga aylantirgan va undan past obro'ga ega bo'lishni talab qiladigan mahalliy Outlaw bobida.[30] Papaliya oilasining etakchisi, Johnny "Enforcer" Papaliya, Kanadadagi mafiyaning eng qo'rqinchli odamlaridan biri, noqonuniy velosipedchilarni yoqtirmasligi bilan tanilgan va Hamiltonda Hells Angels bo'limini xohlamasligini aniq ko'rsatib bergan.[30]

1984 yil 8 sentyabrda Stadnik yo'l-transport hodisasida mototsiklini katolik ruhoniysi boshqargan mashinaga haydab yuborganini ko'rgan holda qattiq jarohat oldi. Drummondvill, Kvebek.[31] Stadnik 1983 yil o'sha kuni Kanadaga tashrif buyurgan Papa Ioann Pavelni ko'rish uchun Monrealga ketayotganida katolik ruhoniysi yo'l-transport hodisasiga olib kelganida o'ldirilgan Butoning xotirlash marosimida qatnashish uchun ketayotgan edi.[32] Yo'l-transport hodisasi natijasida kelib chiqqan yong'in Stadnikning tanasining katta qismini uchinchi darajali kuyish bilan qoplagan.[32] Stadnikning yuzi qattiq kuyib ketgan va yuzida "dahshatli" izlar qolgan.[33] Badanini uchinchi darajali kuyish natijasida Stadnik burnining ko'p qismini va ikki barmog'ining yarmini yo'qotdi.[34] Dastlab Stadnik Monrealdagi kasalxonaga borgan, ammo hamshiralarning hech biri ingliz tilida gaplashmaganligi sababli, u o'z shahridagi kasalxonaga ko'chib o'tgan.[34] 13-chi Tribe bayker to'dasi a'zolari uchun tashkil etilgan Lessard Galifaks Stadnikni qo'riqlash uchun Jahannam farishtalariga qo'shilishga umid qilganlar.[34] Stadnik Xemiltondagi Sent-Jozef kasalxonasiga bordi va uning dushmani dushman Mario "The Wop" Parente, qonunchilarning Hamilton bobining prezidenti, uni o'ldirishga harakat qiladi deb ishonib, Xamilton politsiyasidan uni yashash vaqtida himoya qilishni iltimos qildi. Aziz Jozefniki.[33] Stadnik 13-qabilaning uni qo'riqlash qobiliyatiga shubha bilan qaradi va uning o'rniga Xemilton politsiyasi uni sog'ayib ketishi bilan himoya qildi.[35] Stadnikni qo'riqlash uchun mukofot sifatida 1984 yil 5-dekabrda 13-qabilaga Hells Angels-ga qo'shilish ruxsat berildi va Kanadaning Atlantika qismida birinchi farishta bobiga aylandi.[36] Yuzi groteskik deformatsiyaga uchraganligi sababli, Stadnik Xarris tomonidan avvalgiga qaraganda ichkariga kirgan deb ta'riflaydi.[36] 

1986 yilga kelib, Stadnik Hamilton atrofidagi treyler parkida yashagan Karlisl.[37] Uning qo'shnilaridan biri: "U hech qachon hech qanday muammo tug'dirmasdi; u doim do'stona edi. Men uning velosipedchi ekanligini ham bilmasdim - u doim mashinani shu erda haydab yurar edi", deb eslaydi.[37] 1986 yil yozida Stadnikning qo'shnilaridan biri to'la plastik idishni topdi amfetaminlar.[37] Dedektiv Xarris "u amfetaminlarga to'la edi va biz bu uning ekanligini bilar edik. Shunday qilib biz idishni topilgan joyga qaytarib qo'ydik va uni kuzatdik" dedi.[37] Biroq, Stadnik konteynerdan uzoqlashdi va Xarrisni: "U juda aqlli edi. Agar boshqa hech narsa bo'lmasa, u o'zini muammolardan saqlash qobiliyatiga ega edi", deb aytdi.[37] Xarris Stadnikni "etarlicha madaniyatli, ammo u hech qachon hazil tuyg'usiga ega bo'lmagan" deb ta'riflagan.[38] Stadnik politsiyadagi xatolardan qochish uchun har doim tashqarida boshqa baykerlar bilan munozaralarini o'tkazishga etarlicha ehtiyotkor edi.[39] Stadnik egalik qilmagan, ammo Xamiltonda joylashgan Rebel Roadhouse barini boshqargan deb ta'riflangan.[40] Hamilton politsiyachilaridan biri: "Uning orqasida, oshxonada ofis bor edi. Angelsga tashrif buyurish uchun yaxshi joy edi", dedi.[40] Stadnik Rebel Roadhouse-dan o'z biznesini olib borish uchun joy sifatida foydalangan.[41] Outlaws guruhi Stadnikni Rebel Roadhouse-ga raketa otish vositasi bilan o'ldirishni rejalashtirgan, ammo politsiya hujum sodir bo'lishidan oldin fitnada ishtirok etganlarni hibsga olgan.[3] Dedektiv Xarris muvaffaqiyatsiz fitna haqida shunday dedi: "Parente shouni olib borayotganda, ular buni qilishgan bo'lar edi; lekin qamoqqa tushgandan keyin ularda jur'at etishmadi".[42] Parente Bannister ismli Hamilton tavernasida Jimmi Lyuis ismli "mahalliy qattiq yigit" bilan barda janjalda qatnashgan va janjal tarqalib ketgach, miltiqni olish uchun uyiga qaytib, barga qaytib, Lyuisni otib o'ldirgan. .[34] Monrealdagi "ona bobida" "Hells Angels" milliy rahbarlari bilan uchrashish uchun tez-tez tashrif buyurganida, Stadnik birinchi marta 1986 yilda yana bir Hells Angel bilan uchrashdi. Moris Boucher.[42] Stadnik frantsuz tilini bilmasligiga va Boucher ingliz tilini bilmasligiga qaramay, ularni tarjimonlardan foydalanishga majbur qildi, bu ikki kishi do'stlashdilar.[42] 1987 yildan boshlab Stadnik bilan chambarchas bog'liq edi Moris Boucher 1987 yil 1 mayda "to'liq yamoq" Hells Angelga aylangan.[43]  

1987 yilda Stadnik bordi Toronto noqonuniy baykerlar klubi - Vagabondlarni Hells Angels bo'lishiga "yamoq" qilishga ishontirishga harakat qilish.[44] Vagabondlar 70 ga yaqin a'zodan iborat bo'lib, Torontoda giyohvand moddalar savdosida faol qatnashgan.[44] Vagabondlar prezidenti Donald "Snorkel" Melanson "Hells Angels" ga qo'shilish uchun "yamoq" qilmoqchi edi va muqaddima sifatida uning kokainini faqat Hells Angelsning Monrealdagi "ona bobidan" sotib olishga rozi bo'ldi.[44] Biroq, shokolad bilan kokainni tortib olish amaliyoti uchun o'z taxallusiga ega bo'lgan Melanson, sotishi kerak bo'lgan kokainning ko'p qismini iste'mol qildi va u tez orada Hells Angels oldida 80 000 dollar qarzga aylandi.[45] Uyini remont qilib qo'ygandan so'ng, Melanson Hells Angels bilan bog'lanib, uning qarzdor bo'lgan 80 000 000 dollar atrofida 50 000 000 dollari borligini va uni topshirish uchun Yonge ko'chasidagi mehmonxonadagi xonada kutib olishini va'da qildi. qolgan 30 000 AQSh dollarini yaqin orada to'lang.[46] 1987 yil 2 sentyabrga o'tar kechasi Melanson pulni Hells Angelsga topshirish uchun mehmonxonaga bordi.[46] 1987 yil 3 sentyabr kuni ertalab mehmonxonada farroshlar pul ketayotganda boshida ikkita o'q bilan Melansonning jasadini topdilar.[46] Melansonning o'ldirilishi bir muncha vaqt davomida Vagabondlarda Hells Angels-ga nisbatan yomon niyatlarni keltirib chiqardi va "yamoq" qilish rejalari bekor qilindi.[46] 1987 yil 5-noyabrda Stadnik 1971 yildan beri birinchi marta hibsga olingan.[47] Biroq, huquqbuzarlik faqat mast holda transport vositasini boshqarganligi uchun unga 750 dollar jarima solingan.[47] Stadnikga yordam berish, uning dushmani Parentening qasddan ayblanib, qonunbuzarlarning milliy prezidentiga aylangani edi.[48]

1988 yilda Stadnik Kanadalik Hells Angels milliy prezidenti bo'ldi.[49] 1988 yil bahorida Langlois Marokashga qochib, birinchi darajadagi qotillik ayblovidan qutulish uchun Lennoksvildagi qirg'in 1985 yilda Stadnik uning o'rnini egalladi.[50] Lennoksvill qirg'inidan so'ng, farishtalar qotil, Iv Tryudo Crownning dalillarini o'nlab Jahannam farishtalariga qarshi guvohlik bergan edi.[51] 1988 yilda Kanadalik Hells farishtalari tanazzulga yuz tutdi; Kvebekdagi klubning 50 a'zosidan 19 nafari Trudoning ko'rsatmasi asosida qotillikda ayblanib, qamoqxonada bo'lgan; 13, shu jumladan, avvalgi milliy prezident Langlyo qotillikda ayblanib qochib ketayotgan edi; va yana 5 kishi qotillikda ayblanib qamoqxonada bo'lgan.[51] Farishtalar Stadnikni o'zlarining prezidenti sifatida klub boyliklarini aylantirish uchun eng yaxshi odam sifatida tanladilar va farishtalarning boshqa viloyatlarga kengayishiga imkon berishdi.[51] O'sha paytda, farishtalarning ko'pgina boblari Kvebekda bo'lgan. Britaniya Kolumbiyasida 3 ta farishtaning boblari va Yangi Shotlandiyada 1 bob, qolganlari Kvebekda bo'lgan.

Milliy prezident

Milliy prezident sifatida Stadnik darhol Boucherni o'zining Kvebek leytenanti etib tayinladi va unga asosan Hells Angels operatsiyalarini Kvebekda olib borishini ma'lum qildi, Stadnik esa farishtalarni Kanadaning qolgan qismiga kengaytirishga e'tibor qaratdi.[52] Prezident sifatida birinchi ishlaridan birida Stadnik Bouher bilan birga bordi Kvebek shahri 1988 yil 28 mayda Vikinglar deb nomlangan noqonuniy bayker klubi rahbarlari bilan uchrashish.[43] Uchrashuv shu qadar yaxshi o'tdiki, Vikinglar o'sha kuni Hells Angelsning Quebec City bobiga aylanish uchun "yamoq" qilishga rozi bo'lishdi.[52] 1988 yil 23 avgustda Stadnik Dovlas Fribornning uyida hibsga olindi, shaytonning sobiq a'zosi va Hamiltonda taniqli giyohvand sotuvchisi.[52] U bilan 11 gramlik xash topildi, bu politsiyani uni giyohvand moddalar sotish uchun ayblashiga olib keldi, ammo ayblovlar bekor qilindi, sudda Fridborn xash unga tegishli deb qasamyod qildi va Stadnik uning giyohvand moddalar savdosi bilan hech qanday aloqasi yo'q edi.[52]

1990 yilga kelib, Stadnikni Kvebek va Ontario politsiyasi kuzatgan, ular uni Kanadadagi eng xavfli Hells farishtalaridan biri deb hisoblashgan.[53] Stendik uchun kengaytirilgan ikkita eng muhim provintsiyalar Manitoba va Ontario edi. Ontario janubi, ayniqsa Torontoning kattaroq hududi sifatida tanilgan "Oltin taqa" maydoni Kanadaning eng boy qismi va shu sababli noqonuniy velosiped klubi faoliyat ko'rsatishi uchun eng daromadli hudud edi.[54] Jurnalistlar Julian Sher va Uilyam Marsdenlar Manitoba juda muhim ekanligini yozishdi, chunki u "mamlakatdagi sharq va g'arbga harakatlanadigan har qanday giyohvand moddalarni tarqatish o'qi" edi.[54] Stadnik butun mamlakat bo'ylab aloqalarga ega bo'lganligi sababli, u Hells Angels elchisi bo'lib, velosipedchilarni jalb qilish va giyohvand moddalar savdosi bilan shug'ullanish uchun butun mamlakat bo'ylab sayohat qilgan. Kanadadagi zamonaviy Hells Angels tashkiloti asosan Stadnikning ishi edi.[55] Jan-Per Levesk Kanada qirollik politsiyasi (RCMP) Stadnik haqida shunday degan edi: "U mamlakat bo'ylab sayohat qilgan. U deyarli barchani bilar edi. U butun mamlakat bo'ylab tasavvurga ega edi. U biznes uchun foydali ekanligini biladi - nomi qanchalik katta bo'lsa, shuncha yaxshi biznes".[56] Er osti dunyosida Stadnik iste'dodlarning ajoyib hakami hisoblanar edi va u eng jinoyatchilarni Do'zax farishtalariga jalb qilish bilan mashhur edi.[51] Ko'pchilik noqonuniy velosiped klublari dunyodagi eng taniqli noqonuniy bayker klubi bo'lgan Kanada Hells Angels prezidenti bilan uchrashish imkoniyatini mamnuniyat bilan kutib olishdi.[57] Los Bravos velosipedchilar klubining prezidenti Erni Deyu Vinnipeg Keyinchalik bu Manitobadagi "Hells Angel" ning birinchi bobida farishtalar haqida aytilgan: "Bu edi klub. Siz ferma jamoasidan oliy ligaga o'tdingiz ".[57] 

Raqibni yo'q qilishga intilgan Kvebek leytenanti "Mom" Boucherdan farqli o'laroq Tosh mashinasi ichida Kvebekdagi velosipedchilar urushi, Stadnik ko'proq diplomatik va murosaga erishgan holda, boshqa kanadalik noqonuniy velosiped klublarining ko'pchiligining Hells Angels bo'lishiga "yamoq" tashlab, qolganlarini "tokda qurib o'lish" uchun qoldirishni ma'qul ko'rdi.[58] Jurnalist Jerri Langton "Bir ma'lumot beruvchi menga agar Uolterning falsafasini bitta jumlaga solib qo'yadigan bo'lsa, u shunday bo'lar edi:" U boshini tepishdan ko'ra raqibiga ichimlik sotib olishni afzal ko'radi "."[2] Mahalliy jinoyatchilarni yangi bob topish uchun noqonuniy baykerlar klubini jalb qilishning uchta usuli mavjud; mavjud bob a'zolari boshqa bobni tashkil etish uchun yangi shaharga ko'chib o'tishlari; yoki boshqa klubga qo'shilish uchun noqonuniy velosiped klubiga "yamoq" berish.[59] Stadnik har uchchalasini ham sinab ko'rdi, lekin barchasidan ko'proq "yamoq" qilishni afzal ko'rdi.[59] 1990-yillar davomida Stadnik shimoliy Ontarioda Jahannam farishtalarini janubiy Ontarioga kengaytirish uchun asos bo'lib xizmat qilgan giyohvand moddalar savdosi tarmog'ini yaratish uchun ko'p harakat qildi.[60] Stadnik shimoliy Ontarioni tanladi, chunki u erda janubiy Ontario bilan taqqoslaganda velosipedchilar klublari soni kam bo'lgan va raqobat yo'q edi.[60] Bu jarayonda Stadnik jinoyatchini yolladi Thunder Bay Hells Angels-ga Donald "Bam Bam" Magnussen, shafqatsizligi va tajovuzkorligi bilan momaqaldiroq ko'rfazi dunyosida taniqli, taniqli, muskulli odam.[61] Qachon "Berni qurbaqa" Gindon, Shaytonning Tanlovining milliy prezidenti 1991 yilda qamoqdan ozod qilingan, Stadnik ozod etilgandan keyin uni birinchilardan bo'lib kutib oldi va u Hells Angels-ga qo'shilish uchun Shaytonning tanlovini "yamoqlab" olishga tayyormi yoki yo'qligini so'radi, bu taklif Gvinondon rad etildi.[62] 

Stadnik 1990-yillarda o'zining kiyinish uslubi bilan tanilgan edi, u bo'rining mo'ynasidan to'qilgan to'liq uzun ko'ylagi va ilon terisining belbog'ida, unga Hells Angelsning qanotli o'lim boshi shaklida ichi bo'sh bo'lgan, unga qattiq oltin kamar tokasi bor edi. naqd pul olib yurish.[3] 1992 yil 26-iyunda Stadnik Vinnipeg xalqaro aeroportida hibsga olindi va undan 80.000 AQSh dollaridan ortiq miqdordagi pul topildi va uyushgan jinoyatchilikdan olingan daromad evaziga ayblandi.[63] U olib yurgan 80 000 dollardan 15 000 dollari oltin kamar tokchasiga o'yilgan teshik ichida yashiringan.[3] 1992 yil avgustda Stadnik va Magnussen ishdan bo'shatilgan Vinnipeg politsiyasining ikki xodimi bilan mushtlashuvda qatnashgan, bu ularga hujum qilishda ayblanishiga sabab bo'lgan, ammo ayblov bekor qilingan.[63] 1993 yil iyulda Stadnik bordi Vasaga plyaji Loners velosipedchilar to'dasining konvensiyasida qatnashish va ularning rahbari bilan uchrashish, Frank "Cisco" Lenti, Lonersning "yamoq" bilan Hells Angels bo'lishini muhokama qilish.[64] Stadnik Lentini yoqtirmasdi, ammo u Loners Ontarioning eng kuchli noqonuniy bayker klublaridan biri bo'lganligini va ularni Hells Angels bo'lish uchun ideal nomzodlarga aylantirganini bilardi.[64] Ammo uchrashuv yomon yakunlandi, Lenti Stadnikning taklifini rad etdi.[65] Stadnik 1993 va 1994 yillarda Lentiga bir necha bor "yamoq" qilish imkoniyatini taqdim etishda davom etdi, ammo u rad etdi, aksincha Stadnikga "Loners" ga o'tishni taklif qildi.[66] Loners "Hells Angels" ga "yamoq" berishdan bosh tortganligi sababli, Stadnik 1993 yildan buyon ularning giyohvand moddalarini etkazib beruvchisi bo'lib kelganligi va Lenti o'z klubidan o'g'irlik qilayotgani haqidagi mish-mishlarning ortida turganligi va Lenti chiqarib yuborilishiga sabab bo'lganligi haqida xabar berildi. 1994 yilda.[67] Lenti bilan bir qatorda, Stadnik Gindon bilan aloqada bo'lib, shaytonning tanlovini Do'zax farishtalariga "yamoq" tushirish uchun harakat qildi.[68] Stadnik Britaniyaning Kolumbiyadagi to'rtta Hells Angels bobini Monrealning "ona bobi" nazorati ostiga olish bilan ko'proq muvaffaqiyatga erishdi va 1993 yilga kelib Kanadadagi barcha Angel boblarining Monrealga javob berishini ta'minladi.[69]

Jinoyatdan tushgan daromad evaziga yashash uchun sud jarayoni boshlanishidan biroz oldin, 1993 yil 4 oktyabrda boshlanishi kerak edi Vinnipeg Quyosh Stadnikda jurnalist Melani Verxegening hikoyasini adolatli sud qilish qobiliyatini xavf ostiga qo'yganini ta'kidlab, uning advokatini ayblovlarni bekor qilishni so'rashiga sabab bo'lgan maqola chop etdi.[63] Verxeghe, Magnussen uni qo'rqitish maqsadida uning orqasidan kuzatayotganini, Stadnikning advokati sudga murojaat qilib, uning manbalarini oshkor qilishga majbur qilganini aniqladi.[63] Stadnikning advokati Verhaghega uning ustida "fayl" borligini aytib, Stadnik uni tergov qilish uchun xususiy detektivni yollaganini aytdi.[70] Stadnik Verxegega o'z manbalarini oshkor qilishga majbur qila olmadi va sudya sud jarayonini to'xtatish tashabbusini rad etdi, ammo bu harakatlar uning sud jarayonini 15 oyga kechiktirdi.[70] U pulni olib qo'yishga qaror qilganida ayblovlar bekor qilindi.[71]

"Patching over": Kanadada noqonuniy velosipedni birlashtirish

Stadnik 1990-yillarning katta qismini yashagan Vinnipeg U erda Vinnipegdagi ikkita eng katta noqonuniy velosiped klublari, Darvin Silvestr boshchiligidagi spartaliklar va Erni Deyu boshchiligidagi los Bravoslar tomonidan kurash olib borilgan.[72] 1984 yilda Thunder Bay-dagi "Shaytonning tanlovi" bobida, Grim O'roqchilar Alberta shahridagi velosipedchilar guruhi va Los-Bravos to'dasida Kanadaning g'arbiy qismida Hells Angelsni chetlab o'tishlari uchun shartnoma imzolandi.[73] Stadnik Vinnipegni ittifoqning eng zaif nuqtasi deb bilgan va agar u farishtalarni o'sha erda o'rnatsa, uning klubi g'arbiy Kanadada kengayishi mumkinligiga ishongan.[51] Grim Reaper faol bo'lgan Thunder Bay va Albertan shaharlaridan farqli o'laroq, Winnipegda ikkita noqonuniy velosiped klublari bor edi, bundan tashqari ikkala spartaliklar va Los-Bravos asosan avtoulov o'g'irlash bilan shug'ullanishgan.[73] Stadnik ularga kamroq ish talab qiladigan va avtoulov o'g'irlashdan ko'ra ko'proq foyda keltiradigan kokainni ikkita Winnipeg noqonuniy bayker klubiga sotish imkoniyatini taklif qildi.[73] Kanadadagi kokainning aksariyati Monrealga etib bordi va Stadnik ikkala klubga ham kokainni chiroyli daromad olishga imkon beradigan narxlarda sotdi.[74] Stadnik Spartanlar va Los-Bravos o'rtasidagi raqobatni asta-sekin Vinnipegda Hells Angels ta'sirini o'rnatishning bir usuli sifatida ishlatib, 1993 yilga kelib sulh tuzish va 1991 yilda boshlangan Vinnipegdagi baykerlar urushini to'xtatish uchun kuchga ega bo'ldi.[73] 1991-93 yillarda Los-Bravos va Spartaliklar o'rtasidagi velosipedchilar urushi Vinnipegda kamida 31 ta zo'ravonlikni keltirib chiqardi.[73] Dastlab, Stadnik spartaliklarni los Bravosdan ustun qo'ydi, bu esa ikkinchi to'da uning foydasiga erishish uchun unga murojaat qilishiga sabab bo'ldi.[73] 1993 yil noyabr oyida Gvindonning "Shaytonning tanlovi" etakchiligiga putur etkazishga urinish kabi ko'rinadigan Stadnik Thunder ko'rfazida "Shaytonning tanlovi" bo'limining bir nechta prezidenti, xususan, "Kitchener" bo'limining vakili Andre Vattel bilan uchrashdi.[4]

1994 yil yanvar oyida Stadnik Torontoda "Demon Keepers" nomli qo'g'irchoqlar klubini tashkil etdi Deni Keyn Shu bilan birga, Shaytonning Tanlovi va Para-Dice Chavandozlari to'dalarini Hells Angels bo'lish uchun "yamoq" qilishga ishontirishga harakat qilmoqda.[75] 1994 yil aprel oyida "Demon Keepers" qo'g'irchoqlar klubi shafqatsizlarcha qulab tushdi, bu tajriba Keynni shunchalik g'azablantirdiki, u RCMP ma'lumotchisi bo'lishga qaror qildi.[76] Keyn Stadnik Demon Keepers-ning o'zini kamsitishga qodir emasligini yaratganiga ishondi, ammo Langton bu nazariyaga qarshi chiqdi, Stadnik Hells farishtalarini Ontario-ga kirishini juda istaganini va Demon Keepers-ning muvaffaqiyatsizligi uning rejalarini bekor qildi. bir necha yil.[76] Hells Angels ichidagi Stadnikning printsipial raqibi Monrealda yashovchi amerikalik Skott Shtaynert edi, u juda jahldor va shijoatli odam bo'lib, Hells Angelsning milliy prezidenti bo'lishga intildi.[76] Shtaynert Stadnikni Demon Keeperlarning muvaffaqiyatsizligi uchun masxara qildi va Stadnikning shikastlangan holatini aks ettirdi, Magnussen Shtaynertning qo'riqchisi sifatida xizmatga o'tdi.[76] Davomida Kvebekdagi velosipedchilar urushi 1994-2002 yillarda Stadnik kamida oyiga bir marta Boucher bilan uchrashish uchun Monrealga tashrif buyurgan.[77] Monrealga tashrifi chog'ida Stadnik raqib Rok Mashin tomonidan o'ldirilganligi to'g'risida paranoyaklik qildi va har doim Soreldagi Angelsning mustahkam bino klubida qoldi.[77] Kvebekdagi velosipedchilar urushi haqida, Stadnikning 2004 yildagi sud prokurori Randal Richmond shunday dedi: "Bu juda ko'p odamlar ishtirok etgan urush, juda ko'p rejalashtirish, tayyorgarlik va pul. Jahannamlar shunchaki kutib qolishdi, ular tasodifan ishga tushishdi. Ko'chada dushmanlari bilan ularni hayvonlar singari ovladilar. "[4]

1995 yilda Stadnik "Rokers" ning Monrealda "Angels" qo'g'irchoq klubiga ega edi, Winnipegda "Redliners" deb nomlangan qo'g'irchoq klubini tashkil etdi.[78] Vinnipeg politsiyasi xodimi Rey Parri Redlinerlar haqida shunday dedi: "Ular eng jilolangan edilar. Sochlari yaxshi qirqilgan edi ... Ularning o'zlarini tutish uslublari o'sha paytda Hells Angels fikrlashining uglerod nusxasi edi va umuman begona edi". G'arbda ishlar qanday amalga oshirilgan bo'lsa.[78] Qo'g'irchoq klubining qo'g'irchoq klubi sifatida politsiya "uch marta izolyatsiya" tufayli Stadnikni Redlinerlar bilan bog'lash qiyin bo'lganligi haqida xabar bergan.[78] Yashirin ravishda RCMP-ning ma'lumotchisi bo'lgan Keyn 1995 yil aprel oyida o'z ishchilariga Stadnik "Ontario shtatining Thunder Bay-dan Vinnipeggacha giyohvand moddalar savdosi uchun koridor yaratish uchun" tez-tez Vinnipegga sayohat qilayotganini aytdi.[79] Stadnik, shuningdek, Ontarioda tez-tez tashrif buyurib, Shaytonning tanlovi bilan shug'ullanishda davom etdi Kitchener Hells Angels-ga qo'shilishni eng qiziqtirgan mahalliy Shaytonning tanlovi bo'limining prezidenti Andre Vattel bilan uchrashish.[80] U shuningdek, momaqaldiroq kuniga mahalliy Shaytonning tanlovi bobini jalb qilish uchun bordi.[80] Bo'lim prezidentlari bilan bir qatorda, Stadnik Shaytonning tanlagan milliy prezidenti Gindon bilan uchrashishda davom etib, uni Torontodagi eng qimmat restoranlarda va Oshavadagi eng qimmat striptiz klublarida kechki ovqatga olib borib, uni "yamoqlash" ga majbur qildi.[80] Biroq, Gindon 1970-1980 yillarda ham noqonuniy va Hells farishtalarining "yamoq" tushirish taklifini rad etgan va shu bilan birga 1965 yilda asos solgan noqonuniy velosiped klubining katta maydonga singib ketishiga qarshi bo'lgan shiddatli kanadalik millatchi edi. Amerikalik baykerlar klubi.[80] Hatto Shaytonning tanlovi a'zolarining ko'plari Hells Angels-ga qo'shilishni ma'qul ko'rishgan bo'lsa ham, Gindon 1990 yillar davomida bu haqda eshitmagan.[80]

1995 yil 24 iyunda Stadnik va uning yaqin do'sti Moris Boucher boshqa 8 a'zo bilan Nomad bo'limiga asos solgan.[1] Hech qanday geografik chegarasi bo'lmagan ko'chmanchilar eng kuchli Hells Angelsning "orzu jamoasi" bo'lib, Kanada bo'ylab Hells Angels operatsiyalarida hukmronlik qilgan elita bobida xizmat qilishgan.[81] Nomad bobida elita ichida elita deb nomlangan La jadval giyohvand moddalar narxini belgilash bo'yicha maxsus vakolatga ega bo'lgan 5 a'zodan iborat.[2] Jurnalist Julian Sher shunday dedi: "Kvebekda ko'chmanchilar shunchaki eng qattiq va eng yomon va eng qudratli edilar. Stadnik va uning sheriklari" Ko'chmanchilar "ni boshqa barcha klublar ustiga qo'yadigan piramida tuzilishini qurishga muvaffaq bo'lishdi. va boshqa joyni ko'ring La jadval kuchli klik edi, shuning uchun ular juda katta boyliklarga ega bo'lishdi ".[2] Ko'chmanchilar haqida Richmond shunday dedi: "Ularning o'ziga xos ishi bor edi." Nomads "klubidagi har bir kishining roli bor edi. Ammo bu rollarning barchasi umumiy rasmning bir qismi edi, ya'ni giyohvand moddalar bozorini nazorat qilib, boyish edi. ".[4] Richmond Hells Angelsni "piramida sxemasi" deb atadi, unga ko'ra oddiy a'zolar o'zlarining hayotlarini va ba'zan o'z hayotlarini xavf ostiga qo'yishdi, shu bilan birga daromadning asosiy qismi ko'chmanchilarga to'g'ri keldi.[4]

Stadnik 1990-yillarda Winnipegda Prellalardagi Do'zax farishtalarini barpo etish uchun shu qadar ko'p vaqt sarflaganki, u o'sha shaharda kvartira ijaraga olgan va oddiy xotin tomonidan o'g'il tug'dirgan, uni ko'chmanchi orqaga qarab yozilgan Deymon deb atagan.[82] Stadnik Ontarioda ham muntazam ravishda ko'rishgan, 1990-yillarda Loners va Shaytonning tanlovi to'dalari tomonidan homiylik qilingan noqonuniy velosipedchilar tadbirlarida qatnashgan.[83] Langton shunday dedi: "Uolter dahoining bir qismi u Kanadaning mafiya mavjud bo'lmagan qismlariga borgan. Thunder Bayda mafiya yo'q, lekin velosipedchilar bor. Saskatun va Shimoliy Battleford bilan bir xil. Va siz bilasizmi? U erda odamlar ham giyohvand moddalarni istayman. "[2] 1996 yil aprelga kelib, Keyn narkotiklar kuryerlari muntazam ravishda Stadnik nomidan Monrealdan Vinnipegga giyoh olib o'tayotganligini xabar qildi.[79] Rokchi, Stefan Sirois, Vinnipegga safari chog'ida Stadnik bilan birga uning qo'riqchisi bo'lib sayohat qilgan.[84] Sirois later became a police informer and testified at Stadnick's trial in 2004 that the latter had told that it was his dream to have the Hells Angels become the only outlaw biker club in all of Canada.[84] Sirois testified that Stadnick had told him in 1996 that what he wanted was "The Hells Angels only, throughout Canada, with no other biker clubs".[4] Stadnick also frequently traveled to Saskatun to meet the leaders of the Isyonchilar outlaw biker club to discuss having them "patch over" to become Hells Angels.[84]

Kane's reports mentioned that Stadnick was often in conflict with Steinert, and alleged that Stadnick wanted Steinert's bodyguard, Donald "Bam Bam" Magnussen, killed.[85] Magnussen had killed David Boyoko, a member of Los Bravos, in a moment of drunken rage at a party in Halifax on 12 May 1996, an act which reportedly very much angered Stadnick as it set back his plans to have los Bravos "patch over" to the Hells Angels.[85][73] After attending Boyokio's funeral, Stadnick was denied permission to enter los Bravos's clubhouse in West Winnipeg as feelings in the gang were much against the Hells Angels.[73] In October 1996, Kane reported to the RCMP that Stadnick had offered him $10, 000 to kill Magnussen.[85]

Officer Don Bell of the Ontario viloyati politsiyasi 's Biker Enforcement Unit said of Stadnick:

He's been pretty good at eluding prosecution. Everyone knew who he was and what he was all about, but he was good at what he did. He was good at isolating himself. He worked in the depths of criminal activity and kept himself one step away, which made it difficult to collect the necessary evidence and charge him. To a biker investigator, he sort of epitomized -I hate to say this- the professionalism of the Hells Angels and the way they did business.[70]

Stadnick sued John Harris of the Hamilton police for $500, claiming mental distress at damage that Harris allegedly did to Stadnick's golden death's head belt buckle, which ended with the judge siding with Harris.[86] Harris called Stadnick "a hard guy to nail. You start to realize this guy is smart. He does know his way around the system, and he's got the money to afford decent lawyers".[40] Despite owning a home in Hamilton and his rivalry with his archenemy Parente, Stadnick never tried to create a Hells Angel chapter in Hamilton, apparently out of a desire to avoiding attracting police and media attention in his hometown.[87] One Hamilton police detective, Steve Pacey, said: "Stadnick did not want a chapter here because it would result in more heat. Walter has been able to carry out his business for a long time. Why would he want a chapter? He doesn't need it".[87] Stadnick had no job, but owned a house on the Cloverhill Road in Hamilton that was valued at $156, 000.[88] Stephan Frankel, the Hamilton lawyer who has represented Stadnick since 1979, replied when asked about Stadnick's job: "What does Walter do for a living? I don't know. I really don't know".[40] Stadnick's right-hand man, a film stuntman and Hells Angel who served as the Nomad vice-president, Donald "Pup" Stockford, lived in neighboring Anastr.[89]

In early 1997, the Loners split into two with one faction staying loyal to national president Jimmy Raso and another faction loyal to Frank Grano breaking away to join the Para-Dice Riders.[90] Police sources claim that Stadnick was behind the split, hoping to create a new pro-Angel club.[90] On 31 May 1997, Johnny "The Enforcer" Papalia, the long-time leader of the Papalia family was assassinated by Kenneth Murdock, a hitman hired by the rival Musitano family headed by the brothers' Angelo and Pasquale "Fat Pat" Musitano.[91] On 23 July 1997, Murdock assassinated Carmen Barillaro, Papalia's right-hand man, effectively crippling the Papalia family and creating a void in the Hamilton underworld.[91] Murdock was arrested for the murders in 1998 and turned Crown's evidence, making a plea bargain where he pledged guilty to the murders in exchange for testifying against his employers. In 2000, the Musitano brothers were convicted on the basis of Murdock's testimony.[91] With Papalia, who hated outlaw bikers out of the way, Stadnick moved in and made contact in the summer of 1997 with a locally prominent criminal, Gerald "Skinny" Ward who lived in Velland, Ontario.[91] Ward, who had been tried for murder three times, was the leader of a criminal gang involved in a variety of activities such as drug dealing in the Niagara yarimoroli.[91] One police officer, Shawn Clarkson, of the Niagara Falls Police stated: "There was nobody to stand up to the Hells Angels the way Barillaro or Papalia would have. Papalia, even though he was 73 when he died, he wouldn't have put up with that".[92]

1997 yil iyulda Stadnik buni ishontirdi Grim Reaper to'da Kalgari to "patch over" to become Hells Angels while opening a new Hells Angels chapter in Edmonton, establishing the Hells Angels as the dominant outlaw motorcycle club in Alberta.[93] In September 1997, it emerged that four Spartans had gang-raped a teenage girl in their clubhouse.[94] To avoid the infamy of associating with the Spartans, Stadnick threw his support behind los Bravos, granting them hang-around status with the Angels on 18 October 1997.[94] Shortly afterwards, the Redliners joined los Bravos, which increased Stadnick's influence in los Bravos.[95] A meeting in October 1997 at los Bravos's clubhouse in Winnipeg attended by Stadnick and Stockford together with the Rockers and Satan's Choice Thunder Bay chapter was described as tense with the Rockers almost coming to blows with the Choice members.[4] Matters calmed down subsequently when Stadnick and Stockford sat down with several Choice members.[4] On 4 November 1997, Steinert together with his bodyguard Magnussen were last seen alive leaving the Lavigueur mansion where they lived to see Boucher.[96] Their bodies were later found floating in the St. Lawrence with their heads bashed into bloody pulps after being repeatedly hit with baseball bats and hammers.[96]

On 7 April 1998, Jeffrey LaBrash and Jody Hart, two leaders of the Outlaws biker gang were gunned down leaving a strip club, the Beef Baron, by two men known to be associated with the Hells Angels in London, Ontario.[97] LaBrash was the president of the London chapter of the Outlaws and his killers were the brothers, Paul and Duane Lewis.[98] LaBrash va Xartni o'ldirilishining ahamiyati shundaki, birinchi marta Hells Angels bilan aloqador odamlar Ontario hududida o'ldirishdi, Hells farishtalari Kvebekdan Ontarioga kengaytirish rejalarida o'lik jiddiy ekanliklarini ko'rsatdilar.[98] In June 1998, the Spartans gang disbanded themselves after their leader Darwin Sylvester vanished without trace.[99] Sylvester is generally believed to have been murdered. After the Spartans disbanded themselves, the only other outlaw biker club in Winnipeg other than los Bravos were los Montoneros biker gang, whom Stadnick had declared to be unfit to be Hells Angels.[100] Langton wrote the general level of intelligence within los Montoneros gang can be seen in that the gang believed their name meant "the wolf pack" in Spanish, but los montoneros aslida ispan tilidan "ishchilar" degan ma'noni anglatadi.[100] A police officer stated that by 1998 Stadnick was "supplying virtually all of the drugs in Winnipeg" and had become the largest drug supplier in the three Prairie provinces.[44]

In the summer of 1998, Standick and the entire Hells Angels chapter from Sherbrooke kirib keldi Niagara sharsharasi for what the police call a crime "summit" with Ward.[92] Ward was not an outlaw biker, but he was the leader of a locally powerful criminal gang, and Stadnick wanted to do business with him.[92] The Hells Angels' Sherbrooke chapter is known as one of the most violent in Canada, and Stadnick taking the entire Sherbrooke chapter with him to Niagara Falls is believed to have been an act of subtle intimidation on his part.[92] It was agreed at the "crime summit" that henceforward Ward would only buy his drugs from the Hells Angels, thereby establishing Angels' influence in the Niagara peninsula.[91] Clarkson stated: "I don't think (Ward) really wanted to do it, but I don't think they gave him a choice. It was either...he joined up, or the Hells Angels would bring in 10 guys from Quebec to do it. That would be the last thing he'd want."[92] Through Ward and his gang did not formally become an Angels chapter until 2000, to all intents and purposes the Ward gang were a part of the Angels from 1998 onward.[92]

A bikers' "rodeo" was held by the shores of Simko ko‘li in August 1998, hosted by the Loners gang and attended by members of the Satan's Choice, Red Devils, Vagabonds, Last Chance and Para-Dice Riders outlaw biker clubs.[101] The "rodeo" was interrupted when the Hells Angels' elite Nomads chapter led by Stadnick rode in unannounced from Montreal to join in.[101] Stadnick and the rest of the Hells Angels favored some of the bikers at the "rodeo" with their company while snubbing others.[101] It was clear within the Ontario outlaw biker scene that henceforward one could be either for or against the Hells Angels and that the Hells Angels would be entering Ontario soon.[101] On 7 September 1998, Stadnick persuaded the Isyonchilar outlaw biker gang of Saskatoon to "patch over", allowing the Hells Angels to enter Saskaçevan.[93] By the end of 1998, the only provinces without Hells Angels chapters were Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland.

Stadnick tried to have the Loners gang of Ontario "patch over", but president of the Loners' St. Thomas chapter, Ueyn Kellestin was adamantly opposed, expelling all of the Loners who wanted to join the Hells Angels and had one pro-Hells Angels Loner beaten and pistol-whipped before he was expelled.[102] One of the Loners in the St. Thomas chapter, Jimmy Coates, had a brother, John, who was a member of the Sherbrooke Do'zax farishtalari bobida va aka-uka Kateslar Kellestinga qarshi ish olib borishdi va Kellestinning Loners bo'limini boshqarishiga qarshi g'alayon qo'zg'ashga harakat qilishdi.[103] On 22 October 1999, in a drive-by shooting, a pro-Hells Angels Loner Davie "Dirty" McLeish and a Hells Angel from Sherbrooke, Philippe "Philbilly" Gastonguay, opened fire with a shotgun on Kellestine, who was sitting in his truck at a stop at the only intersection in Iona Station.[102] McLeish and Gasonguary put several bullets into Kellestine's truck, but failed to kill him.[104] The Globe and Mail 2004 yilda "Hells Angels" ning Ontario janubi-g'arbiy qismiga bostirib kirishi haqida xabar bergan edi: "1999 yildan 2002 yilgacha, ziddiyat avjiga chiqqach, kaltaklash, janjal va otishmalar odatiy holga aylandi".[102]

In 1999, the Hells Angels approached Danny Wolfe, the imprisoned leader of the Hind Posse gang, which is one of the largest organized crime groups in western Canada, with the offer to become exclusive wholesalers, selling the Indian Posse drugs, which in turn they would sell on the streets.[105] Wolfe rejected the offer, saying the Indian Posse should be treated as equals to the Angels, not subordinates.[105] Qamoqxona rasmiylari tomonidan yozib olingan telefon qo'ng'irog'ida Vulf: "Biz ularga [Hells Angels] ga shunchaki aytdik:" Hey odam, biz sening oldingda turmaymiz, orqangda ham turmaymiz ". Agar buni qilsak, yonma-yon turamiz ... Ular nazorat qilishni xohlashdi. Biz shunchaki "Yo'q" dedik. O'shandan beri biz ularni qaytarib olishga majbur bo'ldik ".[105] Hind Posse shundan buyon Kanadaning g'arbiy qismida Hells Angelsning asosiy raqiblaridan biri sifatida paydo bo'ldi.[106]

Stadnick's triumph

2000 yil iyun oyida, La jadval faction of the Nomads met with Vito Rizzuto, the boss of the boss of Canada's most powerful Mafia family, the Rizzuto oilasi, in a Montreal restaurant to negotiate the price of cocaine in Canada [2] It was agreed that the price of cocaine was to be $50,000 kilo of cocaine and Montreal was divided into territories controlled by the Rizzuto family and the Hells Angels to prevent competition between the two most powerful organized crime groups in Canada.[2] The penalty for those who sold cocaine for less than $50, 000 per kilo was death. Stadnick had created a drug distribution network under which all Hells Angels chapters in Canada had to buy cocaine and other drugs from the Nomad chapter.[2] Sher stated: "[Stadnick] is part of that key cocaine industry that turns the Hells Angels from basically gofer boys of the Mafia into powerbrokers who are sitting down with the Mafia and negotiating the price of cocaine".[2] By the 21st century, the five Angels' chapters in British Columbia had become the wealthiest Angel chapters in the world with control of much of the drug smuggling into the United States.[107]

On 21 July 2000 Stadnick promoted los Bravos headed by Ernie Dew up to "prospect" status from the "hang-around" status they had been granted in October 1997.[108] The next day, Stadnick was observed by the Winnipeg police going into a strip club where he met several presidents of Satan's Choice chapters from Ontario.[74] In the summer of 2000, Stadnick made an offer to most of the Ontario outlaw biker gangs that was too sweet for them to refuse; namely they could join the Hells Angels "patch for patch", allowing them to enter the Hells Angels with patches equivalent to their current patches.[109] Under Stadnick's offer, current "full patch" outlaw bikers could join the Hells Angels as "full patch" members without having the humiliation of going through the "hang-around" and "prospect" stages, provided they did so by the end of the year.[109] Putting the pressure onto Stadnick was the fact that the rival Rock Machine had expanded out of Quebec by opening three chapters in Ontario while the same time the Rock Machine was moving towards "patching over" to join the Texas-based Bandidos, one of the "big four" American outlaw biker clubs.[4] On 30 November 2000, Stadnick called a Montreal Nomad, David "Wolf" Carroll to tell him over a phone line that the police were listening into: "We'll be on the South Shore at 12. I know where we'll be, but I don't want to tell you verbally".[4] On 22 December 2000, Stadnick arranged for Dew and los Bravos gang to join the Hells Angels as "full patch" members after only five months of waiting as prospects instead of the normal year.[110] On 29 December 2000, Stadnick arranged for a mass "patch over" in Montreal where various Ontario outlaw biker gangs all joined the Hells Angels.[111]

On 29 December 2000, in a much publicized ceremony, most of the Ontario outlaw biker gangs such as Satan's Choice, the Vagabonds, the Lobos, the Last Chance, the Para-Dice Riders and some of the Loners travelled to Hells Angels' "mother chapter" clubhouse in Sorel, just south of Montreal to join the Hells Angels, making them at one stroke the dominant outlaw biker club in Ontario.[93] On that day, dozens of chartered buses from Ontario arrived at the Sorel clubhouse, carrying the bikers.[4] As a result of the mass "patch-over" in Montreal, with 168 outlaw bikers becoming Hells Angels, the greater Toronto area went from having no Hells Angels chapters to having the highest concentration of Hells Angels' chapters in the world.[93] In terms of sheer numbers, the Canadian Hells Angels are outnumbered only by the American Hells Angels.[93] Sher stated about the "patch over" that: "If you can't beat them, buy them. That's exactly what he did...It was a brilliant strategy."[2]

One police officer told Langton about the mass "patch over" in Montreal: "They [the Angels] were truly scraping the bottom of the barrel. They were trading patch for patch the legendary Hells Angel patch for some of the lowest of the low".[112] Unlike the rival Bandidos who required that new members join as "prospects", Stadnick allowed the Ontario outlaw biker gangs to all join the Hells Angels "patch for patch", which was most unusual.[110] The vast majority of the Ontario outlaw bikers clubs preferred to join the Hells Angels instead of the rival Bandidos as Stadnick allowed them to maintain their dignity with his "patch for patch" offer.[110] Outlaw biker clubs operate in a very authoritarian, hierarchical manner and patches are extremely important for the self-image of outlaw bikers with those having obtained "full patch" status jealously guarding their status and expecting the "prospect" and "hang-around" members to defer to them at all times. Stadnick asked for and received permission from the Hells Angels American leaders for the mass "patch over" as only once before, in Germany in 1999, had the Hells Angels accepted en masse a number of outlaw bikers from other clubs on a "patch for patch" basis.[113] The minutes of a Hell Angels meeting on 3 February 2001 stated: "the patch-for-patch is over tonight. We resume the...tradition as of today."[4]

Stadnick still refused to open a Hells Angel chapter in Hamilton, even through the city had 11 Angels living within it who all belonged to the chapters in Montreal, Toronto and Kitchener.[114] Pacey stated: "Hells Angels influence is subtle, behind the scenes. It isn't so much in your face. I think that's the way Walter does business".[114] Stadnick tried to maintain a respectable image in Hamilton, as he always drove his elderly parents to the local Uniate Catholic church every Sunday.[3] The police officers who monitored him were struck by the deference that he was shown by other outlaw bikers, noting when he visited Toronto that the "hang-arounds" served as his bodyguards when he dined at expensive restaurants, standing guard outside even in the winter to keep out any would-be assassins.[3] One Toronto police officer who monitored the 5'4 Stadnick commented: "You look at him walking down the street and you think "What he's got?""[3]

Operation Springtime

On 28 March 2001, as part of Operation Springtime (a police crackdown on the Hells Angels), a warrant was issued for Stadnick's arrest for 13 charges of first-degree murder.[115] During the police raid on Stadnick's house in Hamilton, Detective Pacey was surprised to find that Stadnick had a photograph of him prominently displayed in his bedroom.[116] Found inside of Stadnick's house was a note from his 10-year niece that complained he spent too much time in Montreal and pointedly asked: "Are you still the leader of the Hells Angels? I hope you can move the club to Canada and out of Quebec".[117]

It turned out that Stadnick was in Yamayka, where he was arrested by officers of the Yamayka Constabulary Force at the resort he was staying at in Montego ko'rfazi, following an extradition request from Canada.[116] Stadnick's common-law wife accused the Jamaican police of putting him in a "hellhole" jail cell.[118] The jail that Stadnick was held at in Montego Bay was badly overcrowded and had one bucket that served as a toilet for the entire cell block.[119] He did not contest his extradition to Canada, returning on 10 April 2001.[120] Langton dismissed the theory that Stadnick had advance knowledge of Operation Springtime, stating if Stadnick did know, then he would have gone to a country with no extradition treaty with Canada like Brazil rather than Jamaica, which does.[119]

After his return to Canada, Stadnick told a RCMP officer, Tom O'Neill: "I don't drink much and I don't do drugs. I'm kind of a quiet guy".[121] When O'Neill noticed that Stadnick had a "Filthy Few" tattoo-reportedly awarded to those who killed for the Hells Angels-Stadnick claimed the tattoo was because: "Oh, that's because I like to party when I stay out with the boys".[121] When O'Neill pointed out the contradiction, Stadnick fell silent.[121] When O'Neill asked Stadnick if he remembered Deni Keyn of the Rockers, Stadnick stated he knew him, but not very well as he does not speak French. When O'Neill told him that Kane had been a police informer since 1994, he reported that Stadnick looked worried.[121]

As part of Operation Springtime, the police seized the records from the Nomad "bank" in Montreal.[2] The records showed that Stadnick's codename was Gertrude and that between 30 March 1999 – 19 December 2000, the Nomads had sold $111.5 million worth of cocaine and hashish all over Canada.[2] The records also showed that Stadnick brought 267 kilos of cocaine and 173 kilos of hashish worth $11.1 million from the Mafia and made profits of $3 million dollars during this period.[2]

In 2003, Stadnick was brought to trial for "13 counts of qotillik, 3 counts of qotillikka urinish, 1 soni qotillik uchun fitna, ning ikki soni giyohvand moddalar savdosi and two counts of attempting to smuggle narcotics".[55] Besides Stadnick, Donald "Pup" Stockford and another Hells Angel, Michel Rose, were also tried.[122] In his trial in Montreal, Stadnick opted for his constitutional right to have the trial in English and hired Edvard Greenspan va Alan B. Gold as his defense lawyers.[123] The Crown Attorney prosecuting Stadnick was Randall Richmond.[123] Greenspan and Gold were able to delay the trial by demanding that the Crown translate all 500, 000 papers of documents and ten CD-ROMs worth of evidence into English, a request that the Quebec government refused as it would cost more than $23 million.[124] Greenspan and Gold appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada, which refused their request in January 2003 to have all the evidence translated into English given that both Greenspan and Gold were fluent in French and Stadnick's trial started afterwards.[124] Richmond told the court that Stadnick and Stockford were the key figures in the rise of the Hells Angels, saying: "More than anyone else in the Hells Angels, Stadnick and Stockford were the ones who worked to bring into the Hells Angels organization other motorcycle clubs in Ontario and Manitoba."[4]

Sudlanganlik

"On September 13, 2004, Stadnick was sentenced to 20 years' jail for a collection of convictions including conspiracy to murder, giyohvand moddalar savdosi involvement in gang activities."[125] In sentencing Stadnick and Stockford, Justice Jerry Zigman stated: "They are hardened criminals who show little or no hope of being able to straighten out their lives and cease participating in criminal activities. They are violent people who are a danger to society. They have expressed no remorse for their acts."[126] Stadnick was "transferred from a medium to a qattiq tartibli qamoq in 2006 and 2009 for illegal trafficking activities and large-scale loansharking" in the Kingston area prison.[127]

When filing for his taxes, Stadnick never claimed more than an annual income of $35, 000 dollars, but after his conviction Revenue Canada performed an audit of his illegally obtained income, which was also taxable.[128] In 2006, Stadnick was reassessed by Revenue Canada and told to pay $1.2 million in back taxes.[128] In 2008, Stadnick filed for personal bankruptcy, claiming to be unable to afford to pay his back taxes.[128]

Stadnick was paroled in June 2014, lasting less than a month due to suspicion that he was associating with people with criminal records as well as the biker club. He was able to convince the board to reinstate his freedom in December 2014. "He will have unrestricted freedom beginning April 12, 2019. Until then, Stadnick is under extremely strict conditions, including: avoid people in street and motorcycle gangs (any person known to be a hang around or wannabe of any outlaw motorcycle gang), barred from owning more than one cellphone and must show his parole officers detailed billing statements for it, including documentation of who he texts and emails and what social media sites he visits. He also can't consume alcohol or go to bars or own or operate a motorcycle or work in motorcycle repair. He must also obey a curfew that runs between 9 p.m and 6 a.m. Given his past criminal spending habits, and amounts of money within drug trafficking the Board will monitor his revenues and expenses."[129] One of his parole conditions was that Stadnick was not to enter Quebec.[130] Stadnick was described as being "polite and respectful inmate", but one who refused to admit that he had been a Hells Angel or admit any guilt.[131]

In 2018, it was reported that Stadnick was working as a construction worker.[128] After his parole conditions forbidding him to associate with the Hells Angels expired in April 2019, Stadnick renewed his associations.[132] On 18 August 2019, he attended the funeral in Delta, Britaniya Kolumbiyasi of a murdered Hells Angel, Suminder "Allie" Grewal.[132]

Meros

Despite his conviction in 2004, Stadnick had raised the Hells Angels up to such a level of dominance that the club continued to function well without him and remained the most powerful outlaw biker club in Canada.[2] Stadnick changed the status of outlaw bikers from being subcontractors for the Mafia which was the norm when he began his career as an outlaw biker to being the equals of the Mafia.[2] In 2004 Ha wrote:"...in his home province, Mr. Stadnick's legacy lives on, with 184 Hells Angels now operating in the country's largest drug market".[4] In 2015, Detective Sergeant Len Isnor of the OPP's anti-biker unit told the media: "The Hells dominate nearly every province in the country".[133] Peter Edwards, the crime correspondent for the Toronto Star described the Hells Angels in 2016 as the most powerful organized crime group in Canada, saying "In Ontario, you had the Hells Angels and the people the Hells Angels let exist. They either worked with you or they didn't care about you."[134] Pierre de Champlain, an expert on bikers for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, stated: "Since 2000, the Hells Angels have had complete control over Quebec, from Sept-Iles to Granby. No one wants to work against the Hells Angels independently because it's not in their interest."[134] In 2016, it was estimated the Hells Angels had about 450 members with chapters in almost every province, giving them a level of dominance that no other organized crime group in Canada could match.[134]

Izohlar

  1. ^ a b "WalterStadnik.page". www.oocities.org.
  2. ^ a b v d e f g h men j k l m n o Livesey, Bruce (26 September 2008). "Reorganized crime". Globe and Mail. Olingan 3 may 2020.
  3. ^ a b v d e f g Auger va Edvards 2012 yil, p. 244.
  4. ^ a b v d e f g h men j k l m n Ha, Tu Thanh (19 July 2004). "A confederation of Angels: One man's dream come true". Globe and Mail. Olingan 16 sentyabr 2020.
  5. ^ a b v Langton 2010 yil, p. 70.
  6. ^ a b v d e Langton 2006, p. 45.
  7. ^ Langton 2006, p. 46.
  8. ^ a b v Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 26.
  9. ^ a b Langton 2006, p. 50.
  10. ^ a b v d e f Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 25.
  11. ^ a b v Knuckle 2007, p. 69.
  12. ^ a b Knuckle 2007, p. 70.
  13. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 2018-04-02 121 2.
  14. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 32.
  15. ^ Langton 2006, p. 52.
  16. ^ a b Edvards 2017 yil, p. 161.
  17. ^ Edvards 2017 yil, p. 162.
  18. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 71.
  19. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 56.
  20. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 58.
  21. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 34.
  22. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 25-26.
  23. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 61-62.
  24. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 62.
  25. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 73.
  26. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 80.
  27. ^ a b v d Langton 2010 yil, p. 81.
  28. ^ a b Langton 2006, p. 70-71.
  29. ^ a b v Langton 2006, p. 71.
  30. ^ a b v d e Langton 2010 yil, p. 82.
  31. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 26-27.
  32. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 82-83.
  33. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 27.
  34. ^ a b v d Langton 2006, p. 79.
  35. ^ Langton 2006, p. 79-80.
  36. ^ a b Langton 2006, p. 81.
  37. ^ a b v d e Langton 2006, p. 85.
  38. ^ Langton 2006, p. 78.
  39. ^ Langton 2006, p. 105.
  40. ^ a b v d Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 173.
  41. ^ Langton 2006, p. 86.
  42. ^ a b v Langton 2006, p. 87.
  43. ^ a b Langton 2006, p. 89.
  44. ^ a b v d Langton 2010 yil, p. 105.
  45. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 106.
  46. ^ a b v d Langton 2010 yil, p. 107.
  47. ^ a b Langton 2006, p. 201.
  48. ^ Langton 2006, p. 202.
  49. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 28.
  50. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 91.
  51. ^ a b v d e Auger va Edvards 2012 yil, p. 245.
  52. ^ a b v d Langton 2006, p. 90.
  53. ^ Langton 2006, p. 94.
  54. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 28-29.
  55. ^ a b Langton, Jerri (2013). Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick and the Canadian Hells Angels. HarperCollins Publisher.
  56. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 24.
  57. ^ a b Langton 2006, p. 100.
  58. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 142.
  59. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 95.
  60. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 96-97.
  61. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 97.
  62. ^ Langton 2006, p. 103.
  63. ^ a b v d Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 37.
  64. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 116.
  65. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 116-117.
  66. ^ Edvards 2010 yil, p. 108.
  67. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 117.
  68. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 115-116.
  69. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 99.
  70. ^ a b v Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 38.
  71. ^ Tu, Thanh Ha. "III qism".
  72. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 32-33.
  73. ^ a b v d e f g h Auger va Edvards 2012 yil, p. 135.
  74. ^ a b Gilos 2005 yil, p. 112.
  75. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 45.
  76. ^ a b v d Langton 2010 yil, p. 101.
  77. ^ a b Gilos 2005 yil, p. 12.
  78. ^ a b v Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 33.
  79. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 34.
  80. ^ a b v d e Langton 2010 yil, p. 108.
  81. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 102.
  82. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 104.
  83. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 120.
  84. ^ a b v Gilos 2005 yil, p. 11.
  85. ^ a b v Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 78.
  86. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 39.
  87. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 171.
  88. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 172.
  89. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 170-171.
  90. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 126.
  91. ^ a b v d e f LeFleche, Grant (26 April 2019). "Hamilton mobster changed Niagara's underworld". Sankt-Ketrin standarti.
  92. ^ a b v d e f LeFleche, Grant (13 December 2008). "The Reign is Over". St. Catherine's Standard. Olingan 2 may 2020.
  93. ^ a b v d e Edvards, Piter. "The Bandido Massacre: Extended Chronology". The Bandido Massacre. Olingan 2 may 2020.
  94. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 35.
  95. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 35-36.
  96. ^ a b Gilos 2005 yil, p. 92.
  97. ^ Richmond, Randy (12 January 2012). "A long history of bad blood". London bepul matbuoti. Olingan 2016-11-30.
  98. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 129.
  99. ^ Auger va Edvards 2012 yil, p. 136.
  100. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 175.
  101. ^ a b v d Edvards 2010 yil, p. 56-57.
  102. ^ a b v Appleby, Timothy; Tandt, Michael Dan (17 July 2004). "When Hell comes to town". Globe and Mail. Olingan 2016-11-30.
  103. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 127–129.
  104. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 128-129.
  105. ^ a b v Frizen 2016 yil, p. 184.
  106. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 217.
  107. ^ Barker 2007, p. 148.
  108. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 158.
  109. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 22.
  110. ^ a b v Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 270.
  111. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 269-271.
  112. ^ Langton 2010 yil, p. 169.
  113. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 269.
  114. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 275.
  115. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 259.
  116. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 261.
  117. ^ Gilos 2005 yil, p. 112-113.
  118. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 262.
  119. ^ a b Langton 2010 yil, p. 134.
  120. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 261-262.
  121. ^ a b v d Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 263.
  122. ^ Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 356.
  123. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 356-357.
  124. ^ a b Sher va Marsden 2003 yil, p. 357.
  125. ^ "Top Hells Angels' appeals dismissed". ctvnewsmontreal.ca.
  126. ^ Marowits, Ross (14 September 2004). "Two biker bosses get 20-year sentences". Globe and Mail. Olingan 2016-11-30.
  127. ^ Edvards, Piter. "No happy trails for paroled Hells Angel Walter Stadnick".
  128. ^ a b v d Thibault, Erich (12 March 2018). "Un vétéran des Hells Angels recyclé dans la construction". Monrealdagi "Journal". Olingan 4 may 2020.
  129. ^ "Hamilton Hells Angel member Walter Stadnick back on the streets". Toronto News Services. 2015 yil 21-yanvar.
  130. ^ Cherry, Paul (6 November 2014). "Other Hells Angels who were recently released". Monreal gazetasi. Olingan 3 may 2020.
  131. ^ Cherry, Paul (2014 yil 28-dekabr). "'Onam Bouherning o'g'illari: Ko'chmanchilar hozir qayerda? ". Monreal gazetasi.
  132. ^ a b Bolan, Kim (18 August 2019). "Hells Angels pay respects to slain B.C. biker Suminder Grewal". Vankuver Quyoshi. Olingan 2019-10-30.
  133. ^ Kwong, Matt (19 January 2015). "Canada's gang hotspots — are you in one?". CBC. Olingan 17 avgust 2020.
  134. ^ a b v Lejtenyi, Patrik (2016 yil 27 oktyabr). "Jahannam farishtalari Kanadani qanday yutishdi". Vitse-muovin. Olingan 3 may 2020.

Adabiyotlar

  • Oger, Mishel; Edvards, Piter (2012). Kanadaning uyushgan jinoyatchilik ensiklopediyasi: kapitan Kidddan Mom Bouchergacha. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. ISBN  0771030495.
  • Barker, Thomas (2007). Baykerlar to'dalari va uyushgan jinoyatchilik. Cincinnati: Anderson. ISBN  978-1593454067.
  • Cherry, Paul (2005). The Biker Trials: Bringing Down the Hells Angels. Toronto: ECW Press. ISBN  1554902509.
  • Edvards, Piter (2010). Bandido qirg'ini; Baykerlar, birodarlik va xiyonat haqida haqiqiy voqea. Toronto: Harper Kollinz. ISBN  978-0307372765.
  • Edwards, Peter (2017). Qattiq yo'l: Berni Gindon va Shaytonning tanlagan mototsikl klubi hukmronligi. Toronto: tasodifiy uy. ISBN  0345816102.
  • Frizen, Jon (2016). Danny Wolfe zamonaviy balodan hayoti haqida ballada. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. ISBN  9780771030314.
  • Knuckle, Robert (2007). A Master of Deception: Working Undercover for the RCMP. Renfrew: General Store Publishing House. ISBN  1897113668..
  • Langton, Jerry (2006). Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick and the Canadian Hells Angels. Toronto: Harper Kollinz. ISBN  144342725X.
  • Langton, Jerry (2010). Showdown: How the Outlaws, Hells Angels and Cops Fought for Control of the Streets. Toronto: John Wiley. ISBN  047067878X..
  • Sher, Julian; Marsden, Uilyam (2003). The Road To Hell How the Biker Gangs Are Conquering Canada. Toronto: Alfred Knopf. ISBN  0-676-97598-4..