Katta ovchilar ro'yxati - List of big-game hunters
Bu mashhur yirik ovchilar ro'yxati asosan yoki shunchaki shuhrat qozongan sportchilar kiradi katta ov ekspluatatsiya. Ushbu ro'yxat a'zolari o'zlarining ilm-fanlarini rivojlantirish uchun yoki shunga o'xshash narsalar uchun sport uchun katta o'yinlarni ovladilar professional ovchilar. Unda ov qilingan ov turiga, qo'llaniladigan usullarga va ushbu qurol ishlatilgan qurollarga bag'ishlangan qisqacha biografik tafsilotlar mavjud.
Afrika
Bunny Allen
Frank Moris "Bunny" Allen (1906-2002) Keniyada ingliz tilida tug'ilgan professional safari qo'llanmasi edi. Bukingemshirda tug'ilgan, yosh bola Allen brakonerlik o'yinini o'rgangan va quyonlarni tuzoqqa solish mahorati uchun "Bunny" laqabini olgan. 1927 yilda Allen o'z akalaridan keyin Keniyaga yo'l oldi. Fermani boshqarish Allen egasining mehmonlarini surgunlarga olib, uni e'tiboriga havola etadi Bror fon Bliksen-Finek va Denis Finch Xetton. Tez orada Allen Finch Xattonning kurtaklardagi qurollaridan biriga aylandi, shu jumladan Uels shahzodasining 1928 yilgi safari. Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida 6-qirolning Afrika miltiqlarida kapitanga ko'tarilib, urushdan keyin Allen o'z safari biznesini boshlagan va 1950 yillarga kelib Keniyada eng yaxshi va eng qimmat safari operatori deb topilgan. Allen Afrikada suratga olish paytida muntazam ravishda kinostudiyalarda ishlagan, u bilan muhabbat munosabatlari bo'lganligi haqida mish-mishlar tarqalmoqda Greys Kelli va Ava Gardner. Allen asosan a dan foydalangan .470 Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq John Rigby & Company katta o'yinni ovlash.[1][2][3][4]
Yank Allen
Jorj "Yank" Allen (1867-1924) - Amerikada tug'ilgan professional sher ovchisi Shimoliy va Janubiy Rodeziya 20-asrning boshlarida. Allen dastlab tekxan kovboyi bo'lib, qurolli otishma natijasida AQShni tark etgan va birinchi bo'lib Janubiy Afrikaga 1900 yilda Janubiy Afrikaga kelgan. Eksantrik sifatida tanilgan Allen sherlarga nisbatan juda xor edi va ularni hech qachon sher deb atamagan. ammo buning o'rniga ularni "dovlar" deb atashdi, ular shovullamadi, aksincha "bawled". Allen o'z daromadlarini chorva mollarini himoya qilish uchun sherni ovlash bilan to'ldirdi va fermerlardan sher uchun 7 funtdan haq oldi. 1912 yilda Janubiy Rodeziyadagi chorvachilik korxonasi Liebig 20 ming qoramol podasini himoya qilish uchun unga yollaganida, sher uchun 10 funt plyus va transport va ish haqi to'laganida Allen professional sher ovchisiga aylandi. Alen har doim yolg'iz o'zi ov qilar edi, uning tug'ma yordamiga ishonmas edi va sherni ovlash uchun eng sevimli miltiqlari a .303 inglizlar xizmat miltig'i va a .577 qora changli ekspress er-xotin miltiq. O'lim paytida u 300 ga yaqin sherni o'ldirgani aytilgan va bu "Pondoro" Teylorning fikriga ko'ra hozirgi kungacha eng muvaffaqiyatli sher ovchilaridan biri bo'lgan.[5][6][7]
Mayor G.H. Anderson
Mayor Gordon H. "Andy" Anderson (1878–1946) - ingliz askari, fil ovchisi va safari yo'lboshchisi. Anderson 1909 yilda katta ovni va 1912 yilda filni ovlashni umrbod do'sti Jim Suterland bilan uchrashgandan so'ng boshlagan. Hayoti davomida Anderson 350 dan 400 gacha fillarni otib tashlagan, fillarni ovlash uchun uning eng sevimli kalibrlari .577 Nitro Express, .470 Nitro Express va .318 Westley Richards. 1921 yildan Anderson shuningdek, professional safari yo'riqchisi sifatida ishlay boshladi, u eng mashhur mijozlari York Dyukasi va Dyusinyasi (keyinchalik) Qirol Jorj VI va Qirolicha Yelizaveta, Qirolicha ona ) 1924 yilda va (Denis Finch Xetton bilan hamkorlikda) Uels shahzodasi (keyinchalik) Qirol Edvard VIII ) va uning ukasi Gloucester gersogi shahzoda Genri 1928 yilda. 1934 yilda Anderson .ning asoschilaridan biri edi Sharqiy Afrika professional ovchilar uyushmasi, 1946 yilda u o'zining tarjimai holini yozdi, Afrika safari, vafotidan keyin nashr etilgan.[6][8][9][10]
Uilyam Charlz Bolduin
Uilyam Charlz Bolduin (1826-1903) - 19-asrda Janubiy Afrikada tug'ilgan ingliz. Tug'ilgan Leyland, Lankashir, yoshligidan Bolduin tug'ma sportga, itlarga va otlarga bo'lgan muhabbatga ega edi, olti yoshidan boshlab u haftasiga ikki kunini mahalliy odamlarga ergashgan ponida o'tkazdi. to'siqlar. Maktabdan keyin Bolduin kemachilik idorasida xizmatchi va dehqon bo'lishga urindi, lekin 1851 yilda u qurol, miltiq, egar va yettita kiyikni sotib oldi. Earl Fitzwilliamnikidir katta xarajat evaziga qo'riqchi va filni ovlash uchun Janubiy Afrikaga suzib ketdi. Bolduin ov qildi Zululand uchun Zambezi va g'arbdan Ngami ko'li, u o'zini ko'ziga tashlagan ikkinchi oq tanli odam deb da'vo qildi Viktoriya sharsharasi 1860 yilda. Bolduin asosan mahalliy itlar bilan otga minib ov qilgan, kiyiklar ozgina foydasini isbotlagan. U 1861 yilda Angliyaga qaytib keldi, hech qachon Afrikaga qaytib kelmadi, 1863 yilda u xotirasini nashr etdi Afrika ovi: Nataldan Zambezigacha.[11][12]
Karlar banklari
Frederik Grant "karlar" Banks (1875–1954) Ugandada har xil savdogar, hukumat amaldori, ekuvchi, fil ovchisi va ov qo'riqchisi bo'lgan. Londonda tug'ilgan, ammo Yangi Zelandiyaning Christchurch shahrida o'sgan Banks 1896 yilda 21 yoshida Afrikaga borgan. Dastlab qirg'oqdagi savdogar bilan ishlagan Banklar kofe ekishga kirishgan va undan oldin Kongoga borishdan oldin qidiruv safariga yo'l olgan. katta ov oviga. Banklar uning ko'p ovlarini qilgan Uganda protektorati va Lado anklavi va deyarli butunlay kar bo'lishiga qaramay, hayotida 1000 dan ortiq filni o'ldirgani aytiladi. Banklar fillarning ko'pini a bilan qildilar 6,5 × 54 mm Mannliker-Shonauer ochiq mamlakatda va a .577 Nitro Express qopqoq uchun er-xotin miltiq.[6][13][14][15]
W.D.M. "Karamojo" qo'ng'irog'i
Uolter Dalrimple Meytlend "Karamojo" Bell (1880–1954) - Shotlandiya, askar, qiruvchi uchuvchi, avantyur va fil ovchisi. 19-asrning oxirida Afrikaga kelgan 1902 yildan Bell filni ovlagan Keniya, Uganda, Habashiston, Sudan, Lado anklavi (u erda qonuniy ravishda buni amalga oshiradigan ozchiliklardan biri), Frantsuz fil suyagi sohili, Liberiya, Frantsiya Kongosi va Belgiya Kongosi. Ov faoliyati davomida Bell 1011 ta filni va ko'plab boshqa o'yinlarni, shu jumladan 25 ta sher, 16 ta leopard, 4 ta oq karkidon, 67 ta qora karkidon va 600 dan 700 gacha bufolni otib tashlagan. Bell katta o'qli er-xotin miltiqdan kichikroq kalibrli boltli miltiq bilan ov qilishni afzal ko'rgan favqulodda o'q edi, uning 800 ga yaqin fillari o'ldirilgan .275 Rigbi. Bell Afrikada bo'lganligi to'g'risida ikkita kitob nashr etdi, Fil ovchisining sayrlari 1923 yilda va Karamojo safari 1949 yilda bir qator maqolalar bilan birga. Bell Afrikaning professional fil ovchilaridan eng muvaffaqiyatli biri hisoblanadi.[11][16][17]
Bror Blixen
Baron Bror Fredrik "Bliks" fon Bliksen-Finek (1886–1946) a Shved baron, yozuvchi va professional safari uchun qo'llanma. Bliksen Keniyaga 1913 yilda yangi xotini, ikkinchi amakivachchasi bilan kelgan Karen fon Bliksen-Finek. Nikoh davom etmadi, Bliksen taniqli filandr edi va 1922 yilda ular ajralib ketganidan keyin u kreditorlaridan qochib, butada yashirinishga majbur bo'ldi. Yaqin do'st Ser Robert Korindon aralashib, ba'zi do'stlarini safari safari uchun Bliksenga jo'natgan va 1920-1930 yillarda u Sharqiy Afrikada sayohatlarga rahbarlik qilgan. Uels shahzodasi Edvard va Ernest Xeminguey. Blixen 1938 yilda Shvetsiyaga qaytib keldi, u erda sakkiz yil o'tib 59 yoshida vafot etdi. .600 Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq WJ Jeffery & Co, 1937 yilda u shved tilida tarjimai holini nashr etdi, Afrikalik ovchi.[4][10][18][19][20]
Piter Kapstik
Piter Xeteuey Kapstik (1940–1996) amerikalik katta ovchi va muallif edi. Tug'ilgan Nyu-Jersi, sifatida qisqa martaba keyin Uoll-strit birja vositachisi, Capstick o'ttizinchi tug'ilgan kunidan sal oldin professional ovchi bo'lish uchun Lotin Amerikasiga yo'l oldi. Bir necha yildan so'ng u qaytib keldi Nyu York u erda u professional tarzda boshqariladigan ov safarlarini tashkil qildi. 1968 yilda Afrikaga birinchi safarini amalga oshirgan Kappstik keyinchalik Zambiyada, Botsvanada va Rodeziyada professional ovchi va ov qo'riqchisi bo'ldi. 1960-yillarning oxiridan boshlab ov va sarguzashtlar to'g'risida maqolalar chop etib, Kapstik o'zining birinchi kitobini nashr etdi Uzoq o'tlardagi o'lim 1977 yilda yozuvchi sifatida obro'sini o'rnatgan.[21][22][23]
Sigaret
Sigaret 19-asr edi hottentot fil ovchisi. Dastlab jokey Gremstaun, Sigaret birinchi bo'lib 1869 yilda Uilyam Finotti uchun filni ovlagan, fil suyagining yarmini u otgan fillardan saqlab qolgan. Finaughty, Cigarning ajoyib otliq va adolatli zarba berganligini aytdi, ammo fillardan qo'rqishi unga o'sha paytda muvaffaqiyatga erishishiga xalaqit berdi. Frederik Selous birinchi marta 1872 yilda puro bilan Selous filini ovlashga rozi bo'lganida uchrashgan; shu paytgacha u fillardan qo'rqishini butunlay engib chiqqan edi. O'sha paytda Cigar ikkita mahalliy ovchi va uchta yuk ko'taruvchini ish bilan ta'minlagan; Selous Sigarani biroz chidamli va eskirgan og'ir odam bilan ov qilgan juda yaxshi o'yin zarbasi bilan faol odam deb ta'rifladi. 6 teshik muzzleloader. Sigara dastlab Finaughty bilan birga filni otdan ovlagan, ammo Selous uni uchratganida, ularni tsetse pashshalari tufayli piyoda ovlagan.[24][25][26]
Uilyam Finaughty
Uilyam "Qadimgi Bill" Yalang'och (1843-1917) - Janubiy Afrikada 19-asrda fillarni ovlagan. Gremstaun shahrida tug'ilgan, 1864 yilda 21 yoshida Finaughty sayohat qilgan Matabeleland savdo qilmoq; boshliq Mzilikazi partiyasiga do'stona munosabatda bo'lgan va u 25000 jangchining raqsiga guvoh bo'lgan. 1865 va 1866 yillarda ekspeditsiyalarni amalga oshirgandan so'ng, o'zining birinchi fillarini otib tashlagan Finoughty 1867 yilda filni professional ravishda ovlashga qaror qildi va u 1876 yilgacha qilgan. Finaughty barcha ovlarini asosan otdan, asosan 4 teshik "bir hovuch kukun" tomonidan boshqariladigan 4 ozlik o'qni otib tashlagan, bir kunlik fil ovidan keyin va bir necha marta uni egardan ag'darib tashlaganidan so'ng, uning elkasi qora va ko'kka aylanib ketadigan tumshuq yuklagich. So'nggi ovlaridan birida Finaughty "yangi ixtiro qilingan" miltiq o'qini ishlatib, 12 burg'uni ishlatgan va orqaga chekinishi esida 30 yil o'tgach ham ko'zlari yoshga to'lgan. Finaughty hayotida 400 dan ortiq filni o'ldirgan deb ishoniladi. Ko'pchilik fillar tsetse fly mamlakatiga ko'chib o'tganda, u o'zini yoki otlarini xavf ostiga qo'yishni xohlamay, fillarni ov qilishdan nafaqaga chiqqan. 1913 yilda amerikalik janob G.L.Harrison Finoutidan intervyu oldi va AQShga qaytib kelgandan so'ng Finoutining esdaliklarini nashr etdi. Uilyam Finotti - fil ovchisi 1864-1875 yillardagi xotiralari.[11][24][27][28][29]
Denis Finch-Xetton
Hon Jorj Finch-Xattonni rad etadi (1887-1931) - 20-asrda Keniyada ingliz tug'ilgan sportchi va professional safari qo'llanmasi. Anning uchinchi o'g'li Graf, Finch Xetton o'qigan Eton va Oksford universiteti 1911 yilda Keniyaga kelgan. U dastlab ko'chmanchi hayot kechirgan, shu qatorda Keniya bo'ylab savdo safari ham bo'lgan Somaliland, bu vaqt ichida u ko'p vaqtni ovda o'tkazgan. 1925 yilda Finch Xetton dastlab safari safari bo'yicha faxriy mutaxassis J.A. Hunter, Finch Xattonning eng taniqli mehmonlari Uels shahzodasi edi (keyinchalik Qirol Edvard VIII ) va uning ukasi Gloucester gersogi shahzoda Genri 1928 yilda Finch Xetton a bilan ov qilgan Manlixer murvat bilan harakatlanadigan miltiq 6,5 × 54 mm Mannliker-Shonauer, ikkinchi qo'l Rigbi murvat bilan harakatlanadigan miltiq .350 Rigbi, u o'zgartirgan Lancaster er-xotin miltiq .450 № 2 Nitro Express ga .450 Nitro Express chunki o'q-dorilar va armiya va dengiz floti manbai osonroq edi 20 teshik ov miltig'i. Finch Xetton sevgilisi sifatida taniqli bo'lib qolmoqda Karen Blixen, ularning munosabatlari uning xotirasida batafsil bayon etilgan Afrikadan tashqarida, uning ostida yozgan nom de plume "Isak Dinesen".[4][10][30]
Roualeyn Gordon-Kamming
Roualeyn Jorj "Arslon ovchi" Gordon-Kamming (1820–1866) - Shotlandiyalik sayyoh, sportchi, yirik ovchi va muallif. Shotland tog'larida o'sgan Gordon-Kamming yoshligidan kiyiklarni ta'qib qilish va losos baliq ovlash mahorati bilan ajralib turardi. Gordon-Kamming qisqa vaqt ichida komissiyalar o'tkazdi Hurmatli Ost-Hindiston kompaniyasi va keyinroq Cape o'rnatilgan miltiq, Afrikada ov qilishni boshlash uchun bir necha oydan so'ng iste'foga chiqdi. 1843-1848 yillarda Gordon-Kamming asosan ov qilgan Bechuanaland va vodiysi Limpopo daryosi, asosan u buni itlar itlari yordamida otda va har doim kiyib yurishda ham, piyoda yurishda ham qilardi. Gordon-Kamming sher, leopard, oq karkidon, qora karkidon, bufalo, jirafa, turli antilopalar, gippopotamuslar, tosh piton va 105 filni o'z ichiga olgan ko'plab o'yinlarni o'ldirdi, uning eng sevimli quroli qurol edi 10 teshik tumshug'i Edinburglik Dikson tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan ikkita o'qli ikkita miltiqni otib tashlaguncha, u unga katta achinishni keltirib chiqardi. 1850 yilda Gordon-Kamming Afrikada o'tkazgan davri to'g'risidagi hisobotni nashr etdi, Janubiy Afrikaning uzoq ichki qismida ovchining besh yillik hayoti.[11][31][32][33][34]
Kventin Grogan
Kventin Oliver Grogan (1883-1962) - ingliz bo'lib tug'ilgan va Sharqiy Afrikada katta ovchi bo'lgan va uning ukasi. Evart Grogan. Birodarining biznesiga yordam berish uchun Keniyaga 1905-yilda kelgan Grogan, aksincha, filni ovlashga kirishdi. Keniya, Uganda va Belgiya Kongosida keng ov qilish, Grogan Lado anklavida ov qilish uchun litsenziya olgan to'rt ovchidan biri edi, garchi u litsenziyasi tugaganidan keyin u erda filni brakonerlik bilan shug'ullangan. 1909 yilda Grogan rahbarlik qildi Teodor Ruzvelt Safari Lado Anklaviga oq karkidonni ovlashga kelganda. Oxir oqibat Grogan Turidagi fermaga joylashdi Oq tog'lar 1915 yilda va 1933 yilgacha u erda sotilib, Janubiy Afrikaga ko'chib o'tdi. Grogan hayotida 250 dan 300 gacha filni otib tashlagan, u filda turli xil miltiqlarni sinab ko'rgan, shu jumladan a .256 Mannliker, a .280 Ross va .450 Nitro Express, nihoyat .318 Westley Richards boltli miltig'iga va Westley Richards tomonidan .577 Nitro Express juft miltig'iga joylashdi.[8][35][36][37]
Ser Uilyam Kornuallis Xarris
Mayor ser Uilyam Kornuollis Xarris (1807–1848) - ingliz harbiy muhandisi, rassom, tabiatshunos va ovchi. Ga qo'shilish Hurmatli East India kompaniyasi 1825 yilda, Hindistonda u yo'lbarslar va filni orqasidan qora tanlilarni ovlagan va sherni ovlashga uringan Gujarat. 1836 yilda, sog'lig'i bilan bog'liq muammolardan so'ng, Xarris Afrikaning janubiga reabilitatsiya qilishni buyurdi va u erda Keyp Koloniyasidan besh oylik safari bo'ylab ketdi Matabeleland. O'sha sayohat paytida Xarris fil, quagga, jirafa, begemot, yirtqich hayvon, xartebeast, impala, karkidon, waterbuck va jirafni otib tashlagan, u otgan fil fil suyagi butun ekspeditsiyani moliyalashtirgan. Tabiatshunos, Xarrisni ov qilmaganida har kunning bir qismini hayvonlar va mahalliy afrikaliklarni mohirlik bilan chizish bilan o'tkazar ekan, u shuningdek Afrikaning janubida topilgan har to'rt kishining ikkita to'liq bosh suyagi va to'liq skeletlari va terilari bilan birga to'plangan sable antilopasi, "Harris buck" nomi bilan mashhur bo'lgan bu qoldiqlar keyinchalik Britaniya muzeyida namoyish etildi. 1838 yilda Xarris Afrikaning janubida o'tkazgan davri to'g'risidagi hisobotni nashr etdi, Afrikaning janubidagi yovvoyi sport turlari va 1840 yilda litografiyalarning folio jildini nashr etdi, Afrikaning janubidagi ov hayvonlarining portretlari.[38][39][40][41]
Genri Xartli
Genri Xartli (1815–1876) ingliz tug'ilgan, 19-asrda Janubiy Afrikada dehqon va fil ovchisi bo'lgan. 4 yoshida Janubiy Afrikaga kelib, dastlab temirchi sifatida o'qitilgan, ammo 1840 yillarda u fermerlik bilan shug'ullangan. Magaliesberg Transvaalda. "Thorndale" fermasidan Xartli har yili yurishlarni amalga oshirardi Matabeleland va undan keyin Mashonaland ichida filni ovlash Zambezi vodiysi. Mzilikazi va Lobengula unga yoqdi va ishondi, Mzilikazi uni "Qirol fillarini qo'riqchisi" deb atadi. Aytishlaricha, Xartli 1866 yilda Hartli tepaliklarida (keyinchalik uning sharafiga shunday nomlangan) oltin topib, yillik ovchilik lagerini boshqargan. Karl Mauch Keyingi yili oltin borligini tasdiqlagan holda, ularning kashf etilganligi haqida e'lon qilish Janubiy Afrikada oltin shoshilinchligini keltirib chiqardi. 1869 yilda Xartli hamrohlik qildi Tomas Beyns ushbu oltin konlariga. Xartli barcha ovlarini otdan qilgan, umrida u 1000 dan 1200 gacha filni otgan deb taxmin qilinadi, u oxir oqibat karkidon uni otib tashlaganidan keyin uning ustiga qulashi natijasida olgan jarohatlaridan vafot etgan.[42][43][44]
J.A. Ovchi
Jon Aleksandr "J.A." Ovchi (1887-1963) Shotlandiyada tug'ilgan Keniyada o'yinni boshqarish bo'yicha ofitser, katta ovchi, safari bo'yicha qo'llanma, muallif va tabiatni muhofaza qilish bo'yicha mutaxassis. 1908 yilda Keniyaga ko'chib o'tgan Xanter dastlab sherlar uchun ish topdi Uganda temir yo'li Keyingi 50 yil ichida professional ovchi sifatida hayot kechirgan, deb ishonishadi Hunter hayotida 1400 dan ortiq filni o'ldirgan. Faoliyatining ko'p qismida Keniya hukumati o'yinni boshqarish bo'yicha ofitser bo'lgan, 1944 va 1946 yillarda u hukumat nomidan 1000 dan ortiq karkidonni o'ldirgan. Makueni tumani, hukumat ko'chirish uchun yovvoyi tabiatni tozalashni xohlaydi Kamba xalqi, Hunter keyinchalik bu vazifa zarurligidan afsuslandi. Bir qator kitoblarning muallifi, uning 1952 y Ovchi edi a Oy kitobi klubi Keyingi yil tanlov va ingliz tilida so'zlashadigan dunyo bo'ylab maktab kutubxonalari tomonidan qisqartirilgan shaklda keng sotib olindi Afrikalik ovchi. Keyingi yillarda Hunter afrikalik ovlarning taqdiri haqida qayg'urdi va yovvoyi tabiatni muhofaza qilish zonalarini tashkil qilishni qo'llab-quvvatladi. Hunter bir nechta miltiq bilan ov qilgan, u Keniyasiga otasining Purdey miltig'i va .275 Rigby miltig'i bilan kelgan, keyinchalik u qurol ishlatgan. .416 Rigbi, a .500 Nitro Express va a .505 Gibbs miltiq.[10][45][46][47]
Petrus Jeykobs
Petrus Jacobs erta edi Boer Frederik Selous "Janubiy Afrikadagi eng tajribali fil ovchisi" deb ta'riflagan Janubiy Afrikadagi fil ovchisi. Selous u bilan uchrashganida etmish uch yoshdan oshganida, Jeykobs taxminan 1800 yilda tug'ilgan bo'lishi kerak. Jeykobs 400 dan 500 gacha buqalarni, asosan, otdan, balki ov paytida piyoda o'ldirgan. tsetse fly mamlakat. Jeykobs 100 dan ortiq sherni o'ldirgan deyishadi, Selous uni yetmish uch yoshdan oshgan birida yomon muomalada bo'lganini ko'rgan, uni sherning orqa qismiga hujum qilgan uchta kuchli iti saqlab qolgan va ikki oy ichida u yana ot minmoq.[11][26]
Frederik Vaughan Kirby
Frederik Vaughan Kirby askar, sayohatchilar, yirik ovchi va tabiiy tarix namunalarini yig'uvchi edi. Irlandiyalik tug'ilgan Kirbi Angliya-Boer urushigacha Portugaliyaning Sharqiy Afrikasi va sharqiy Transvaal bo'ylab ko'p ov qildi va o'zining ov tajribalari to'g'risida ikkita kitob nashr etdi, Yovvoyi o'yinlarning ta'qiblarida 1896 yilda va Afrikaning sharqiy qismida joylashgan sport 1899 yilda. Angliya-Bur urushida xizmat qilganidan keyin Kirbi ishga joylashish uchun murojaat qildi Sabie qo'riqxonasi ammo uning o'rniga u boshliq bo'ldi Transvaal muzeyining hayvonot bog'lari 1907 yilgacha, 1908 yilga kelib u qushlar va sutemizuvchilarni muzeylarga va shaxsiy kollektsionerlarga sotish bilan tirikchilik qilar edi. 1911 yilda Kirbi Zululand uchun o'yin konservatori bo'ldi va u e'lon qilinishida muhim rol o'ynadi uMkhuze qo'riqxonasi 1929 yilda nafaqaga chiqqanidan oldin. Kirbi hayoti davomida fil, karkidon, gippopotam, bufalo, sher, leopard, jirafa, eland, kudu, sable antilopasi, yirtqich hayvon, timsoh va boshqa ko'plab kichik ovlarni ovlagan. Kirbi Gibbs-Farquharson-Metford va Gibbs-Metford er-xotin miltig'i bilan juda ko'p ov qilgan. .461 Gibbs, Westley Richards 12 teshik er-xotin miltiq va a 10 teshik er-xotin silliq teshik.[48][49][50][51][52]
Karl Larsen
Karl Larsen Daniyalik professional fil ovchisi bo'lib, ko'pchilik ovlarini qilgan Portugaliyaning Sharqiy Afrikasi va Portugaliyaning G'arbiy Afrikasi 20-asrning boshlarida. 1909 yilga qadar Larsen 300 dan ortiq filni otib tashlagan va u yana 17 yil davomida G'arbiy Afrikada ovni davom ettirgan. Larsenning fil uchun eng sevimli qurollaridan biri bu edi .600 Nitro Express tomonidan WJ Jeffery & Co. Larsen haqida yozilgan bir voqea 1909 yil 20-yanvarda sodir bo'lgan, yarador buqa filining izida Benguela tumani, u o'zining .600 Nitro Express-dan to'qqiz marta o'q uzib, ikki daqiqada ulardan etti nafarini o'ldirgan sherlarning mag'rurligiga duch keldi.[6][11]
Garri xulq-atvori
Garri Manners (1917-1997) - 20-asrda Janubiy Afrikalik fil ovchisi. Tug'ilgan Grootfontein ingliz otasi va nemis onasiga, Manners 17 yoshli birinchi filini eskidan foydalanib otib tashlagan 10,75 x 68 mm Mauser miltiq. 1937 yilda odob-axloq qoidalari ko'chib o'tdi Portugaliyaning Sharqiy Afrikasi o'sha paytda u erda ovlashga cheklovlar bo'lmaganida, u 1953 yilgacha Portugaliyaning Sharqiy Afrikasida fil suyagi ovi yopilguniga qadar (shuningdek go'shtni sotadigan) fillarni ovlashni professional ravishda davom ettirdi. Uning hayotidagi odob-axloq qoidalari taxminan 1000 ta filni otib tashlagan, uning eng yaxshi tuskeri 185 va 183 funt (84 va 83 kg) og'irliklarga ega edi, bu Afrikadagi tuslar ro'yxatiga ko'ra to'rtinchi o'rinni egallagan, u har bir fil uchun 90 dan 100 funtgacha tish bilan otgan deb hisoblagan. (41 dan 45 kg gacha) masofani bosib o'tib, 160 milya yurish kerak edi. Odob-axloq qoidalari asosan a Vinchester Model 70 otish .375 H&H Magnum .375 H & H o'q-dorilarini kutilmaganda mavjud bo'lmagan bir muddat davomida u qurolga murojaat qilgan bo'lsa-da, (u miltiq ko'lami keraksiz og'irlikni qo'shdi deb o'ylardi). .30-06 Springfild, garchi u u bilan faqat 40 ta filni o'ldirgan bo'lsa va faqat eng aniq sharoitlarda. Keyinchalik odob-axloq uylari kurio do'konini boshqargan Skukuza qarorgoh Kruger milliy bog'i u o'zi sayyohlik ob'ekti bo'lgan, 1980 yilda u o'zining tarjimai holini nashr etgan, Kambaku!.[53][54][55]
Bali Mauladad
Muhammad Iqbol "Bali" Mauladad (1926-1970) keniyalik sportchi va safari uchun qo'llanma edi. Nayrobida tug'ilgan Mauladadning otasi millioner qurilish pudratchisi bo'lgan va u dastlab oilaviy biznesga o'tishga tayyor edi, ammo uning ehtiroslari ov qilish, kriket va avtoulovlarda qatnashish edi. Mauladad dastlab 11 yoshida safari bilan shug'ullangan, 17 yoshida u katta o'yinni ovlashga kirishgan va dastlab safari uchun professional qo'llanma bo'lishga qaror qilgan. Safariland va keyinchalik Ker va Dauni. Mauladad Sharqiy Afrika professional ovchilar uyushmasiga qabul qilingan yagona oq tanli emas edi, uning taniqli mijozlari Nepal qiroli Mahendra va Stavros Niarchos. Mauladad katta ov qilish uchun .470 Nitro Express va. Kamerali er-xotin miltiqdan foydalangan .475 Nitro Express bilan birga .416 Rigbi jurnal miltig'i.[10][56][57]
Artur H. Neuman
Artur Genri Neyman (1850–1907) ingliz sayyohi, ovchisi, askari, yozuvchisi va yirik ovchi edi. 1869 yilda Janubiy Afrikaga kelgan Neyman 1877 yilgacha professional ravishda ovchilik bilan shug'ullanganiga qadar turli xil ishlarda ishlagan, ammo bu 1879 yilda qisqa muddatli harbiy xizmatdan tashqari Angliya-Zulu urushi, u 1890 yilgacha Transvaal va Svazilendda va Limpopo va Sabi daryolari bo'ylab uzluksiz ravishda ish olib bordi, Afrikaning janubida fillarni hisobga olmaganda ko'pchilik o'yinlarni otdi. 1890 yilda u xizmatiga kirdi Imperial Britaniya Sharqiy Afrika kompaniyasi uchun kashfiyot Uganda temir yo'li qaysi davrda u o'zining birinchi filini otib tashlagan. 1893 yilda Neyman Sharqiy Afrikada 3 yillik ov va kashfiyot safariga jo'nab ketdi va Angliyaga nashr etish uchun qaytib keldi Ekvatorial Sharqiy Afrikada fil ovi 1897 yilda. 1899-1902 yillarda Neyman Ikkinchi Boer urushi, 1902 yilda u Sharqiy Afrikaga filni ov qilib, 1906 yilgacha doimiy ravishda Angliyaga qaytib kelgach, keyingi yili vafot etdi. Sharqiy Afrikada birinchilardan bo'lib filni professional ravishda ovlaganlardan biri, Neymanning hayotida qancha fil otganligi noma'lum, garchi u 300 dan oshgan deb hisoblansa. Neumann dastlabki karerasida baliq ovi bilan ov qilgan. .577 qora changli ekspress er-xotin miltiq va a .461 № 1 Gibbs –Metford–Farquharson miltig'i ikkalasi tomonidan Jorj Gibbs Bristol va a 10 teshik Holland va Holland tomonidan qo'shaloq miltiq, qachonki .303 inglizlar u bilan juda ko'p ovlagan patron taqdim etildi Li-Metford miltiq va 1902 yilda u Rigby sotib olgan .450 Nitro Express fil uchun eng sevimli bo'lgan er-xotin miltiq.[11][33][58]
Uilyam Koton Osvell
Uilyam Koton Osvell (1818–1893) - inglizlar tug'ilib, 19-asrda kashfiyotchi va yirik ovchi. 1837 yilda Osuell xizmatiga kirdi British East India kompaniyasi, Hindistonda u tulkidan zavqlanar edi koursing bilan Afg'on itlari, cho'chqa yopishtirish, mergan otish va katta ov ov qilish, otish sambar, chital va ayiq, garchi 1844 yilda og'ir bezgak kasalligiga chalinganidan keyin u yuborilgan Keyp koloniyasi tiklanmoq. Osuell Afrikaga kelganidan so'ng uning sog'lig'i tezda tiklandi va keyingi 8 yil ichida, Angliya va Hindistondagi qisqa muddat bundan mustasno, u vaqtini izlash va ov qilish bilan o'tkazdi. Osuell otgan o'yinlarning umumiy miqdorini biron bir manba tasvirlamagan, ammo u ko'plab fillarni, karkidonlarni, bufalolarni, begemotni, jirafani va quaggalarni otgan. Osuell otgan har bir hayvon, 3 fildan tashqari, keyinchalik uning lager izdoshlari yoki mahalliy qabila a'zolari tomonidan butunlay egan, u bir vaqtlar 600 kun davomida juda ozib ketgan erkaklar, Bakaa qabilasining ayollari va bolalarini 7 hafta davomida oziqlantirgan va ularni mo'l-ko'l go'sht bilan uylariga yuborgan. Ser Semyuel Beykerning so'zlariga ko'ra, Osuell "birinchi darajali chavandoz edi va uning barcha o'qlari egardan, yoki u o'yinni o'tkazib yuborganidan keyin otishni o'rganish uchun otilgan". O'yinni har doim eng yaqin masofadan o'qqa tutgan Osvellda buvilar va oq karkidonlar tomonidan o'ldirilgan otlar bor edi va bir safar sher ayol otining soniga tushdi. Osuell deyarli barcha ovlarini ikki barreli bilan amalga oshirdi 10 teshik tumshug'i yuklagich tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan Purdey og'irligi 10 funt (4,5 kg) bo'lgan 5-6 dramadan (8,9 dan 10,6 g gacha) mayda kukunni otdi va qattiq to'plarni otish uchun maxsus qurildi.[11][33]
Pit Pirson
Piter C. "Pit" Pirson (1876-1929) Avstraliyada tug'ilgan ovchi va fil ovchisi. Tug'ilgan Melburn, 1900 yilda u Janubiy Afrikaga borish uchun oddiy dengizchi sifatida ixtiyoriy ravishda Angliya Boer urushi. Bur urushidan keyin Pirson Afrikada qoldi va 1903 yilda filni ovlash uchun Keniyaga keldi. 1904 yilda Pearson ko'chib o'tdi Lado anklavi 1910 yilda litsenziyalangan ovga qaytib, filni brakonerlik qilish Belgiya Kongosi va keyinroq Ubangi-Shari. Davomida Buyuk urush Pirson razvedka bo'limiga yozilib, keyin ovga qaytdi Tanganika. 1924 yilda Pirson Uganda O'yinlar bo'limiga fil ovchisi sifatida qo'shildi va ekinlarga katta zarar etkazadigan fil sonlarini nazorat qildi. 1924 yilda Pirson York gersogi va gersoginyasi (keyinchalik) safari bilan birga kelgan Qirol Jorj VI va Qirolicha Yelizaveta, Qirolicha ona ) Ugandaga tashrifi davomida ov qo'llanmasi sifatida. 1928 yilda Uels shahzodasi (keyinroq) Qirol Edvard VIII ) Sharqiy Afrikada Ugandani o'z ichiga olgan sayohat, Pirsonga ov safari tashkil qilish ayblovi qo'yilgan va 8 kun davomida qirollik partiyasi Pirson rahbarligida ov qilgan. Safarining so'nggi kunida firibgar buqa fili Qirollik partiyasini aybladi va Pirson o'zini shahzoda va fil orasiga qo'yib, o'ldirish effekti bilan o'q uzdi. Pirson hayoti davomida 2000 ga yaqin fillarni otib tashlagan deb hisoblaydi .350 Rigby, Rigby Mauser .375 H&H Magnum, W.J. Jeffery & Co .404 Jeffery va .577 Nitro Express.[6][10][35][59][60][61][62]
Filipp Persival
Filipp Hope Percival (1886–1966) - ingliz tug'ilgan keniyalik professional ovchi. 1906 yilda, 21 yoshida Persival Keniyaga suzib ketdi va uning akasi Blanining ertaklari bilan Sharqiy Afrikaga jalb qilindi. Dastlab Percival turli xil qishloq xo'jaligi ishlarini sinab ko'rdi, u akasi va mahalliy tuyaqush fermerlari Garold va Klifford Xill bilan birgalikda, asosan sherni otib tashlagan holda ov qilish bilan ov qildi, vaqt o'tishi bilan u sherlarni ov qilishda mijozlar bilan suhbatlashishni boshladi. 1909 yilda Percival o'zining katta tanaffusini oldi, uni taklif qilishdi Ser Alfred Piz sherni ovlashga yordam berish Teodor Ruzvelt va Smithsonian-Ruzvelt Afrika ekspeditsiyasi Buning ortidan u doimiy ravishda ov safarlarini boshqarishga bordi. Eng qadimgi professional qo'llanmalardan biri bo'lgan Percival o'z davrining eng obro'li va eng ko'p haq oladigan ovchilaridan biriga aylandi, uning mijozlari ham Baron Rotshild, Dyuk va Connaught Düşesi, Gari Kuper, Jorj Eastman va shubhasiz eng mashhur Ernest Xeminguey Percival-dan "Pop" obraziga ilhom sifatida foydalangan Afrikaning Yashil tepaliklari. Hamkasblari tomonidan "ovchilar dekani" sifatida tanilgan, Percival juftlik bilan ov qilgan .450 № 2 Nitro Express quti er-xotin miltiq Jozef Lang tomonidan tayyorlangan.[10][36][37]
Mayor P.G.H. Pauell-Paxta
Katta Persi Horas Gordon Pauell-Paxta (1866–1940) ingliz tabiatshunosi, tadqiqotchi, ovchi kollektsioneri va tabiatni muhofaza qilishning birinchi davri. 1890 yilda o'zining birinchi ekspeditsiyasiga kirishgan Pauell-Paxta zoologik va etnografik namunalarni to'plash va turkumlash uchun 50 yil davomida Afrika va Osiyo bo'ylab 28 ekspeditsiyani amalga oshirdi. Pauell-Koton, birinchi navbatda, taniqli London taksidermisti tomonidan o'rnatilishi uchun Britaniyaga qoldiqlari bilan qaytib kelgan sovrinlarni to'plash bilan emas, balki saqlash va hujjatlashtirish orqali ilmiy bilimlarga hissa qo'shish bilan shug'ullangan. Roulend Uord. The Pauell-Paxta muzeyi uning namunalarini saqlash uchun qurilgan, 16000 dan ortiq sutemizuvchilar skeletlari va terilarini o'z ichiga oladi, shuningdek kapalaklar, hasharotlar va qushlarni o'z ichiga oladi. Uning eng taniqli namunalari orasida hozirgacha o'ldirilgan eng katta tuskerlardan biri bo'lgan, bu juft tusning vazni 372 funt (169 kg), eng katta tusi 9 fut (2,7 m) uzunlikda, 25 dyuym (64 sm) diametrda va 198 funtda bo'lgan. (90 kg). Inveterate mijoz WJ Jeffery & Co, Pauell-Paxta a bilan ovlangan .255 Jeffery Rook miltiq miltiq .256 Mannliker, a .400 Jeffery Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq, a .600 Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq, 12 teshik to'p va o'qotar qurol va an 8 teshik Hammer tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan bolg'acha er-xotin miltiq, shuningdek Holland & Holland tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan 12 ta paradoks qurol.[6][63][64][65][66]
Pol Reyni
Pol Jeyms Reynni (1877-1923) an Amerika tadbirkor, xayriyachi, ovchi va fotograf. 1911 yilda Reynni Nyu-Yorkdan 15 janubiy to'plami bilan suzib ketdi Amerikalik tulki itlari, ning muxbiriga xabar bergan holda The New York Times uning "printsipial istagi" "yovvoyi hayvonlarni tuzoqqa tushirish va ularni tiriklayin qaytarish" edi. Buning o'rniga, Reynni ushbu paket yordamida 200 dan ortiq sherni o'ldirgani aytilmoqda. Tahririyatda, The New York Times keyinchalik Reynining sport mahoratini shubha ostiga qo'ydi, uning ovini "qassob ishiga" tenglashtirdi, Jon Gily Milya "Pol Reynining ko'p sonli itlar bilan sherlarni ovlash usuli, xavf tug'diradigan joyda sherlarni ovlashning haqiqiy toifasiga kirishi mumkin emas. Itlar, haqiqatan ham, ko'pincha o'ldirilgan yoki yaralangan; ammo do'sti sifatida "bu xuddi kalamushlarni ovlashga o'xshaydi va bu shunchalik xavfli". Keyinchalik Reyni Afrikada ov qilgani to'g'risida yovvoyi tabiat filmini suratga oldi, Pol Reynining afrikalik ovi, 1912 yil aprel oyida chiqarilgan bu o'n yillikning eng yirik yovvoyi tabiat filmi edi.[11][25][67]
Samaki ikra
Roy Jon Dugdeyl "Samaki" qizil ikra (1888-1952) a Yangi Zelandiya tug'ilgan o'yin boshqaruvchisi va fil nazorat xodimi Uganda. 1911 yilda Afrikaga kelgan Salmon, kofe ishlab chiqaruvchisi bo'ldi Uganda protektorati keyingi yil, ekuvchilarning fillarini ov qilish litsenziyasi bilan ruxsat etilganidek, yiliga 20 ta filni samarali ravishda o'ldirib, mohir fil ovchisi sifatida obro'ga ega bo'lish. Birinchi Jahon urushi paytida Salmon Qirolning Afrika miltiqlari mukofotlangan a Harbiy xoch gallantriya uchun. 1924 yilda, qishloq xo'jaligining rivojlanishiga to'sqinlik qilgan fil natijasida hosil bo'lgan qirqish va fextavonie qirg'inlariga qarshi kurashish maqsadida Uganda hukumati Uganda O'yin bo'limini tashkil qildi va Salmonni karlar Benks va Pit bilan birga oq fillarni nazorat qilish bo'yicha to'rtta nazoratchisidan biriga tayinladi. Pearson. O'z vazifalarini bajarishda Salmon tarixdagi boshqalardan ko'ra 4000 ga yaqin filni otib tashladi, u asosan juftlikdan foydalangan .416 Rigbi boltli miltiq, shuningdek qalin qopqoqda ov qilayotgan bo'lsa .470 Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq ishlatilgan. 1930 yilda Salmon Ugandaning bosh o'yin qo'riqchisi etib tayinlandi va 1949 yilda nafaqaga chiqqaniga qadar shu lavozimda qoldi, shu vaqt ichida Uganda milliy bog'lari chegaralarini kengaytirishda va bir qator qo'shimcha o'yin qo'riqxonalarini yaratishda muvaffaqiyat qozondi.[61][62][68]
Frederik Selous
Frederik Kortni Selous (1851-1917) ingliz tilida tug'ilgan ovchi, tadqiqotchi, askar va yozuvchi. Selous 1870 yilda Janubiy Afrikaga kelib, asosan ov qilish va savdo-sotiq bilan shug'ullanadigan fil ovchisi bo'lishga qaror qildi Mashonaland va Matabeleland 1881 yilgacha, keyinchalik Afrikaga bir necha bor qaytish va Kichik Osiyo, Vayoming, Transilvaniya, Kanada, Sardiniya, Keniya, Yukon, Norvegiya va Sudanga sayohat qilish. Selous hayoti davomida Afrikada 106 ta fil, 177 ta buffalos, 31 ta sher, 23 ta oq karkidon, 28 ta qora karkidon, 67 ta jirafa va ko'plab antiloplarni otib tashlagan. Bundan tashqari, Selous Shimoliy Amerikada buqalar, vapiti, karibu, bo'ri, suluk, kiyik va pronghorn, Kichik Osiyoda qizil kiyik va yovvoyi echki va Evropada qizil kiyik, kiyik, kamzul va muflon otib tashlagan. Britaniyalik qurolsozlar uni qo'llab-quvvatlash umidida Selousga ko'plab miltiqlarni taqdim etishdi, ammo u 2 ta gollandiyalikni eslatib o'tdi 4 teshik og'irligi 7 funt (7,3 kg) bo'lgan va 4 oz to'pni 16-18 dram kukunlari bilan otib tashlagan 2 ta Grove miltig'ini o'qqa tutish 8 teshik bitta o'qli miltiq, bitta o'qli miltiq, 10 teshikli o'q, bitta o'qli miltiq, bir nechta 10 teshikli ikki o'qli miltiq, 12 teshik tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan ikki qavatli yuk ko'taruvchi silliq teshik VW. Yashilroq, kamida bitta .461 № 1 Gibbs –Metford–Farquharson miltig'i Bristollik Gibbs tomonidan (sevimli), bitta laganli .450 qora changli ekspress Edinburglik Genri tomonidan, a .375 Flanşlı Nitro Express qulab tushgan blokli miltiq va .303 inglizlar. Holland va Holland tomonidan qulab tushgan .303 inglizlar .303 inglizlar Li-Metford miltiq va .256 Mannlicher qulab tushgan blokli miltiq.[11][26][33][69][70][71][72][73]
Ser Alfred Sharpe
Ser Alfred Sharpe (1853–1935) - ingliz avantyuristi, ekishchi, huquqshunos, professional ovchi va mustamlakachi ma'mur Nyasaland. Advokatlik huquqini olgan Sharpe bir necha yil davomida Lancasterda yuridik amaliyotini boshlaganidan keyin 1853 yilgacha oilasini Fidiga ko'chib o'tdi va muvaffaqiyatsiz shakarqamish ekuvchisi bo'ldi, shuningdek mahalliy magistrat sifatida ishladi. 1887 yilda, 34 yoshda, u Afrikaning markaziga keldi va keyingi ikki yilni asosan, asosan, filni ovlash bilan o'tkazdi. Luangva vodiysi. 1889 yilda, pastki qismida ov qilish paytida Shire daryosi vodiysi, Sharpe bilan uchrashuv bo'lib o'tdi Garri Djonston u darhol Sharpni o'zining vitse-konsuli etib tayinladi. 1897 yilda Sharp Jonsonning o'rniga konsul etib tayinlandi Britaniya Markaziy Afrika protektorati, keyinchalik birinchi hokimi bo'ldi Nyasaland 1910 yilda nafaqaga chiqqunga qadar. Mustamlakachilik xizmatida va nafaqaga chiqqanidan keyin Sharp ovga bo'lgan qiziqishini hech qachon yo'qotmadi va imkoniyat tug'ilganda u Markaziy Afrikadan Kongoga, Sharqiy Afrikadan Rodeziyaga, asosan ov qilish uchun uzoq ekspeditsiyalarga borar edi. fil, the Sharpe grysbok, Sharpe greenbul va Sharpe's pied-babbler barchasi uning nomi bilan atalgan. Between 1887 and 1892 Sharpe used an 8 teshik double rifle and a single barrelled 4 teshik, whilst in 1893 he acquired his first bolt actioned rifle, preferring them to doubles from that time on due to the availability for more than two shots. Sharpe hunted extensively with a .333 Jeffery va a .404 Jeffery, on an expedition in 1916 he used a .600 Nitro Express double rifle but discarded it after an incident involving four elephants, having shot the first two he was charged by the remaining animals before he had time to reload.[33][74][75][76][77]
Mayor C.H. Stigand
Major Chauncey Hugh Stigand (1877–1919) was a British soldier, colonial administrator and big game hunter. Xizmat qilish Birma, Britaniya Somaliland, Britaniya Sharqiy Afrika va Sudan, Stigand was a keen big game hunter who took greater risks than most hunters and often came close to being fatally injured. Stigand was gored in the chest by a rhino, mauled by a wounded lion that he was following up in the dark, tusked through the leg by an elephant that he was trying to drive out of a garden (without a rifle) and was knocked to the ground by another wounded elephant which stood over him bleeding whilst he lay hidden. Stigand once crawled into a cave after another wounded lion which, luckily for him, had died by the time he reached it. Stigand wrote several books including Hunting the elephant in Africa va The game of British East Africa, he usually used a .256 Mannliker for elephants, rhinoceros, lion, buffalo and smaller game, he also used an old big bore .450 Nitro Express double rifle which he usually had a gun bearer carry for him.[11][33][78][79][80]
Jim Suterland
James H. "Jim" Sutherland (1872–1932) was a Scottish born soldier and professional elephant hunter. Arriving in Africa in the 1896, from 1902 Sutherland hunted elephant professionally in Portugaliyaning Sharqiy Afrikasi, Germaniya Sharqiy Afrika, Belgiya Kongosi va Frantsiya Kongosi. Over the course of his life Sutherland shot between 1,300 and 1,600 elephants. Unlike "Karamojo" Bell, Sutherland preferred heavy calibre rifles for elephant and rhinoceros hunting, his favourite rifle being a Westley Richards single-trigger Droplock double rifle in .577 Nitro Express, he also used with a bolt action .318 Westley Richards for open country where quarry was difficult to approach and longer ranged shots were required. In 1912 he wrote an account of his exploits to that date, Fil ovchining sarguzashtlari, upon his return to London in 1913 he was feted as the "World's greatest elephant hunter". Sutherland is considered one of the most successful of Africa's professional elephant hunters.[8][81][82][83]
Colonel H.G.C. Swayne
Colonel Harald George Carlos Swayne (1860–1940) was a British soldier, explorer, naturalist and big game hunter. Between 1884 and 1897 Swayne hunted whilst on active service in both Africa and India, between 1898 and 1927 he made roughly 40 further privately funded trips throughout Africa and Asia. Swayne shot numerous big game, including fil, karkidon, sher, yo'lbars, qoplon va ayiq, Swayne-ning hasharotlari va Swayne's Dik-dik are both named after him. Swayne hunted with various rifles, in his earlier years his battery consisted of a 4 teshik double smoothbore, an 8 teshik ikki baravar paradox gun va a .577 qora changli ekspress double rifle all made by Holland & Holland, along with a Li-Metford, a Martini-Genri va a 12 bore avtomat. In later years he also used a .500 / 450 Nitro Express double rifle by Holland & Holland.[11][74][84][85] He wrote 'Seventeen Trips through Somaliland' published by Roulend Uord 1903 yilda.
Jon "Pondoro" Teylor
John Howard "Pondoro" Taylor (1904–1969) was an Irish born big game hunter, elephant poacher and writer. Arriving in Cape Town in 1920, Taylor hunted elephant professionally, often illegally, for almost 30 years in Keniya, Tanganika va Portugaliyaning Sharqiy Afrikasi, in his career he shot most of the big game of eastern Africa and it is believed he shot over 1,000 elephants. Taylor experimented widely with different types of hunting rifles, cartridges and bullet types throughout his career, his books Afrikalik miltiq va patronlar va Katta o'yin va katta o'yin miltiqlari explore the practical application of bullet ballistics and type including articulating the "Taylor KO factor " to calculate the "knock out" value (a "knock out" meant that the elephant was sufficiently stunned by the hit that he would not immediately turn on the hunter) of cartridges and bullet types. Taylor's writings also discuss numerous American, British and European cartridges as well as rifle actions with comparative notes on er-xotin miltiq, magazine rifles va single-shot rifles. In his writings Taylor expresses a preference for double rifles and makes particular mention of the .275 No 2 Magnum, .300 H&H Magnum, .333 Jeffery, .375 H&H Magnum, the .450/400 Nitro Express (both the 3 dyuym va 3¼ inch versions), the .416 Rigbi, .450 No 2 Nitro Express, .500 / 465 Nitro Express, .470 Nitro Express va .600 Nitro Express.[6][7][86][87]
Osiyo
Donald Anderson
Donald Malcolm Stuart Anderson (1934–2014) was an Angliya-hind big game hunter, angler and naturalist. The son of Kenneth Anderson, Donald shot his first leopard at the age of 13 and over the course of his life shot numerous elephant, tiger, leopard, bear, gaur, wild boar and deer, reluctantly giving up hunting in 1972 with the passing of the Hindiston yovvoyi hayotini muhofaza qilish to'g'risidagi qonun. Donald gained fame from his contributions to his father's writings, describing several hunts for rogue and man-eating tigers and leopards, he was also Stewart Granger's stunt double for the film Garri Blek va yo'lbars. Donald lived in Bangalore and like his father hunted the forests of southern India, he hunted with a .423 Mauser rifle for large and dangerous game, a .30-06 Springfild rifle for deer and wild boar and a W. W. Greener ov miltig'i. It has been claimed that Donald was one of the last white hunters from India's colonial period.[88][89][90][91][92]
Kennet Anderson
Kenneth Douglas Stuart Anderson (1910–1974) was a British Indian hunter, writer and naturalist. Born into a family of Scottish descent that had been in India for several generations, Anderson was a civil servant in Bangalore whose main pastime was watching and hunting game in the forests of Janubiy Hindiston. On behalf of the government, Anderson shot a number of odam yeyish tigers and leopards as well as rogue bears and elephants that had threatened and killed local villagers, official records from 1939 to 1966 show he shot 7 man-eating tigers and 8 man-eating leopards, although he is rumoured to have shot many more. Anderson wrote several books about Indian wildlife, hunting and the locals of the jungle including Nine maneaters and one rogue, his observations about wildlife include the first account of a pack of teshik killing a tiger. Anderson usually hunted alone, his preferred method of hunting man-eaters was to sit in a machan over a bait, usually a cow or goat but on occasion the corpse of one of the man-eater’s victims. Anderson hunted predominantly with a Vinchester modeli 1895 yil ichida joylashgan .405 Vinchester and a double-barreled 12 bore shotgun, one barrel loaded with L.G. shot, the other with a solid slug.[88][89][93][94][95]
Ser Samuel Beyker
Ser Semayt Uayt Beyker (1821–1893) was an English explorer, soldier, naturalist, big game hunter, engineer, writer and bekor qiluvchi. Growing up on a country estate where he learnt to shoot, following a period in Mavrikiy Baker travelled to Seylon in 1846 to satisfy his craving for wild sport, remaining there with some interruptions until 1855. Between 1861 and 1873 Baker conducted several trips to Africa to hunt, explore and on one occasion abolish some slave markets, in 1879 he started a three-year round the world trip which included North America and in later years he settled in England but would winter in India or Egypt. Over the course of his life Baker killed hundreds of Asiatic elephant, over 200 buffalo, 22 tigers, approximately 400 sambar, considerable numbers of boar, leopard, sloth bear, swamp deer, blackbuck and other game in Asia, over 50 African elephants, rhinoceros, hippopotami, buffalo, lion, giraffe, waterbuck, wild ass, 13 species of antelope and gazelle, ostrich, crocodile and others in Africa, wapiti, bear and a bison, in North America and numerous game in Britain and Europe. Baker shot most of his game, both dismounted and mounted on horseback, although whilst in Ceylon he also hunted sambar and boar with his own pack of hounds and a hunting knife, and coursed axis deer with greyhounds. Baker published his first of book, The rifle and hound in Ceylon in 1853, establishing his fame as a big game hunter. Baker’s career predominantly preceded the arrival of kordit, he shot with a number of qora kukun firearms including a specially built 6 teshik single-barrelled muzzle loading rifle by Gibbs of Bristol, four 8 teshik single-barrel rifles (two muzzle loaders, two breech loaders), seven 10 teshik muzzle-loaded double rifles, one 10 bore muzzle-loaded double smoothbore, one 14 bore muzzle-loaded single-barrelled rifle, one .577 qora changli ekspress double rifle by Holland & Holland (his favourite rifle) and two specially made single-barrelled rifles by Holland & Holland that fired explosive shells of his own design that weighed 8 ounces (230 g) each.[11][33][96][97][98][99]
Jim Korbet
Colonel Edward James "Jim" Corbett (1875–1955) was a British Indian soldier, conservationist, writer and hunter. Born and raised in India, Corbett served in the Britaniya hind armiyasi, serving in both world wars and rising to the rank of Polkovnik. Never a trophy hunter of big cats, between 1907 and 1938 Corbett shot 33 man-eaters (31 tigers and 2 leopards) who had terrorised local villagers, it is estimated that the man-eaters he dispatched had collectively killed over 1,600 men, women and children. A keen conservationist, Corbett was instrumental in the establishment of wildlife protection areas in India, the Jim Korbett milliy bog'i was named in his honour, along with the Hindxitoy yo'lbarsi (Panthera tigris corbetti). Corbett wrote a number of books including Kumaonni iste'mol qiluvchilar, since publication his writings have never been out of print. Corbett usually hunted alone and on foot, only using a machan when absolutely necessary as he considered them unsporting. Corbett initially hunted with a rifle chambered in .500 qora changli ekspress, later switching to a W.J. Jeffery & Co .400 Jeffery Nitro Express double rifle and a Rigby bolt actioned .275 Rigbi.[95][100][101]
Jon Faunthorp
Lieutenant Colonel John Champion Faunthorpe (1871–1929) was an English born British Indian administrator, soldier, horseman, big game hunter and sports shooter. Arriving in India in 1892, Faunthorpe was introduced to big game hunting in 1894 and remained an keen sportsman for the remainder of his life. Faunthorpe was an avid horseman and was very keen on pigsticking, he is said to have also speared leopard, cheetah and swamp deer from horseback. Over the course of his life Faunthorpe is thought to have shot over 300 tigers, numerous leopard (he once shot over 100 in one year), bear and deer, shooting most of his tiger from elephant back. Between 1922 and 1923, Faunthorpe joined Arthur Vernay in conducting the Vernay-Faunthorpe expedition, collecting Asian wildlife specimens for the American Natural History Museums in Chicago and New York, during which he shot the rare Osiyo sher ichida Gir forest. Faunthorpe was a crack rifle shot, he shot for Great Britain in the 1924 Paris Olympiad, he was also considered one of the best ever shots from a howdah, having the ability to make both snap shots and the patience to work with the sway of an elephant.[11]
Captain Philip Gallwey
Captain Philip Payne-Gallwey (1812–1894) was a soldier, road builder and sportsman in Ceylon. Gallwey was the son of Ser Uilyam Peyn-Gallvey, 1-baronet va xizmat qilgan 90-piyoda polk (Pertshir ko'ngillilari). Gallwey is said to have killed between 700 and 1,300 elephants in Ceylon, depending on the source, in elephant control efforts. In the 1840s, the government of Ceylon offered rewards of 7-10 shiling for the killing of an elephant due to the destruction they caused to crops.[11][102][103][104][105]
Sultan Ibrahim I of Johor
Sultan Ibrahim I of Johor (1873–1959) was the 22nd Johor sultoni. An inveterate hunter of tiger, leopard and elephant, Ibrahim was also a keen conservationist who lent his wholehearted support and patronage to game protection in Jahor. Ibrahim appointed the first salaried Game Warden on the Malay yarim oroli in 1921 and assisted with the establishment of the Endau-Rompin milliy bog'i 1933 yilda.[106][107]
"The Old Shekarry", Henry Astbury Leveson
Major Henry Astbury "The Old Shekarry" Leveson (1828–1875) was an English born soldier, author and big game hunter. At the age of 17, Leveson took a commission in the Honourable East India Company serving in India until 1853, he subsequently served in the Usmonli paytida otliqlar Qrim urushi, bilan Garibaldi ’s Red Shirts during the Ming ekspeditsiyasi, yilda Lagos quyidagilarga rioya qilish Lagos Treaty of Cession (where he was shot in the jaw) and with Robert Napier Ning Habashistonga ekspeditsiya. Over the course of his life Leveson shot tiger, lion, leopard, snow leopard, bear, wolf, gorilla, elephant, hippopotamus, gaur, wild cattle, buffalo, bison, wild boar, nilgai, ibex, chamois, bighorn sheep, moose, various species of deer and various species of antelope in addition to numerous small game and bird species throughout Europe, India, Asia, North America and Africa. Leveson wrote a number of books about his sporting experiences under the pen name "The Old Shekarry", including Hunting grounds of the Old World va Sport in many lands. Leveson stated his favorite gunmaker was Westley Richards, whilst a 12 bore breech loader was sufficient for all big game hunting except elephant, for which a 10 teshik talab qilingan.[108][109][110][111]
Nripendra Narayan
Nripendra Narayan (1862–1911) was the Maharaja ning Koch Bihar from 1863 to 1911. An avid sportsman, Narayan did most of his big game shooting mounted on elephant from a qanday qilib. Uning kitobida Cooch Behar, Duars va Assam-da o'ttiz etti yillik katta o'yin otishma, Narayan listed the total big game shot by him or his hunting party from 1871 to 1907 as; 365 tigers, 311 leopards, 207 rhinoceros, 48 bison, 133 bear, 259 sambar and 318 barasingh. Over the course of his hunting career, Narayan shot with "almost every variety of weapon", although he makes mention of a 4 teshik double-barreled rifle firing 15 drams (26.6 g) of black powder, a .577 Nitro Express double rifle by Westley Richards, two .500 Nitro Express double rifles by Lang and Holland & Holland, a .500 / 465 Nitro Express double rifle by Holland & Holland, a .450 No 2 Nitro Express double rifle and a .450 / 400 Nitro Express both by Manton & Co, an early model 12 bore Paradoks qurol by Holland & Holland that fired 4.5 drams (8 g) of black powder and a later specially modified 12 bore Paradox gun by Holland & Holland that fired 33 grains (2.1 g) of cordite.[11][112]
Mayor T.W. Rojers
Major Thomas William Rogers (1804–1845) was a British mustamlakachi ma'mur, soldier and sportsman in Ceylon. Rogers was the assistant government agent and district judge of Buttala, and a Major of the Seylon miltiq polki who was said to have killed over 1,500 elephants in elephant control efforts. Rogers did all of his hunting with muzzle loaded 16 bore smoothbore longarms with the barrels cut down to 20 to 22 in (510 to 560 mm), and he used the proceeds from the ivory recovered to purchase his successive regimental commissions. Rogers was killed by a bolt of lightning in the course of his duties in the Haputale Pass, so popular was he with the locals, that the Buddhist population of the Uva district erected the Anglican St Mark’s Church yilda Badulla uning sharafiga.[11][102][103][104]
Ganga Singx
Ganga Singx (1880–1943) was the Maharaja ning Bikaner from 1888 to 1943. A very enthusiastic hunter who hunted extensively both within his own kingdom and beyond, Ganga Singh shot his first tiger, leopard and bear in 1869 aged 16 and in later years used hunting with visiting dignitaries to his kingdom as a means of diplomacy. By 1942 Ganga Singh had shot 266 tigers, 7 Osiyo sher and 61 leopards, most of these tigers and leopards were shot in Mewar, Gvalior, Kota and British territories whilst the lions were all shot in or near the Gir forest. In addition to big game, over the course of his life Ganga Singh shot over 25,000 qumtosh, 23,000 duck and 3,000 kunj.[113]
Sadul Singh
Sadul Singh (1902–1950) was the last Maharaja of Bikaner from 1943 to 1949. The son of Ganga Singh, like his father Sudal Singh hunting extensively both within and outside of his own kingdom. Over the course of his life Sadul Singh shot tigers in central India, an Asiatic lion in the Gir forest, leopards in Bharatpur, yovvoyi suv in Nepali Tarai, Osiyo gepardasi yilda Rewah and beyond India kapo bufalo, qora karkidon and 31 other varieties of herbivore in Africa. Sudal Singh wrote an account of his hunting exploits, The big game diary of Sadul Singh, Maharajkumar of Bikaner which was privately published in 1936, in it he recounts shooting nearly 50,000 game animals and a further 46,000 game birds to that date; including 33 tigers, 30 Great Indian bustards and over 21,000 sandgrouse.[114][115]
Major Thomas Skinner
Major Thomas Skinner (1804–1877) was a Canadian born British soldier, road builder and sportsman. Whilst Commissioner of Roads in Ceylon in the 1840s, he is said to have killed between 700 and 1,200 elephants, depending on the source, in elephant control efforts. In 1891 he published an autobiography, Fifty years in Ceylon: an autobiography.[11][102][103][104]
Artur de Karle Sowerby
Artur de Karle Sowerby (1885–1954) was a British naturalist, big game hunter and explorer in China in the early 1900s. Born in China to British missionary parents, Sowerby spoke fluent Chinese and in 1906 was invited to join the Duke of Bedford's mission to collect zoological specimens for the Britaniya muzeyi in Shensi. In 1909 Sowerby joined Robert Sterling Klark 's expedition from the Sariq daryo Shensi ichiga, keyin esa Kansu province to collect specimens, between then and 1915 he made four separate expeditions into Manchuria and Mongolia. Serving in the British Army during the Great War, in the early 1920s Sowerby found that his chronic arthritis was preventing him from making any more expeditions. Sowerby wrote several books about his sporting experiences, including Fur and feather in North China, A sportsman’s miscellany va Sport and science on the Sino-Mongolian frontier. Over the course of his career Sowerby shot leopard, wolf, bear, arxar, boar, goral, wapiti, roe deer, musk deer, sika deer and numerous small game species.[116][117][118][119][120]
Avstraliya
Paddy Cahill
Patrick "Paddy" Cahill (c.1863–1923) was an Australian buffalo shooter, farmer and protector of aboriginies. Tug'ilgan Leydi, Kvinslend, in 1883 Paddy and his brothers joined Nat Buchanan in droving 20,000 head of cattle from Taunsvill, Kvinslend to To'lqin tepalik stantsiyasi in the Northern Territory, a task that took 54 weeks. Attracted by reports of up to 60,000 buffalo running wild on the plains of the Alligator daryosi, during the dry season Cahill and his partner William Johnston hunted buffalo for their hides and horns from semi-mobile camps with a workforce of Avstraliyaliklarning tub aholisi; at the time buffalo hides were worth £1 each. Cahill later bought a marvarid sumkasi and in 1906 he settled on a farm at Oenpelli, deeply interested in and empathetic to the local Aboriginal people, he sought to minimize their contacts with Europeans, particularly missionaries, and in 1912 was appointed a Aborigenlarning himoyachisi and manager of a reserve based on Oenpelli. Cahill hunted buffalo mostly from horseback, he killed 1605 buffalo in his most successful season, his most successful day hunting saw 48 buffalo killed, he attributed much of his success to his fast intelligent horse Sent-Lourens.[121][122][123]
Tom Koul
Thomas Edward "Tom" Cole (1906–1995) was an English born Australian stockman, ot sindirish, brumby runner, haydovchi, buffalo shooter, crocodile shooter, coffee grower and author. Arriving in Australia in 1923, Cole worked on various qoramol stantsiyalari in Queensland and the Northern Territory before taking up droving for a year, then breaking horses at Banka Banka stantsiyasi. After a short time running brumbies kuni Inverway Station, in 1932 Cole started hunting buffalo for their hides. In 1933 Cole purchased 100 square miles of land on the Wildman daryosi and took to hunting buffalo professionally, also shooting timsohlar for their skins. After a brief period of service World War 2 Cole tried running a laundry and dry cleaning business in Sydney, before becoming Papua-Yangi Gvineya 's first professional crocodile shooter. Cole hunted buffalo mostly from horseback with a .303 inglizlar service rifle, he killed 1600 buffalo in his most successful season, his most successful day hunting saw 36 buffalo killed. In 1988 Cole published an autobiography, Hell west and crooked, which sold over 100,000 copies.[124][125][126]
Djo Kuper
Robert Joel "Joe" Cooper (1860–1936) was an Australian buffalo hunter. Yaqinda tug'ilgan Riverton in South Australia, between 1878 and 1881, with his brother Harry, Cooper arrived in the Northern Territory and for several years engaged in timber-getting and buffalo shooting on the Cobourg yarim oroli va uning atrofidagi hududlar. In 1893 the brothers and Edward Robinson made an exploratory foray to Melvil oroli where, despite local aboriginal hostility, they found thousands of buffalo. In 1895 Cooper returned to Melville Island as Robinson's manager, he was speared in the shoulder but abducted four Tiwi islanders, escaping with them to the mainland. Befriending his captives and learning their language, in 1905 Cooper returned with them and twenty aborigines from Port Essington and settled on the island. Cooper remained on Melville Island for ten years, shooting over 1000 buffalo a year for their hides and horns as well as cutting Cyprus pine and fishing for trepang. Known as 'The King of Melville Island', in 1915 Cooper left after accusations of cruelty by him and the Port Essington aborigines towards the local Tiwi islanders.[121][127]
Edvard Robinson
Edward Oswin Robinson (1847–1917) was an English born Australian customs officer, trader, buffalo shooter, pastoralist and miner. Arriving in Australia before 1873, Robinson tried marvarid da King Sound, trepanging kuni Kroker oroli, managing a cattle station at Port Essington and from 1881 was for several years a customs officer collecting duties and licence fees from Makassan trepangers. Whilst a customs officer, Robinson's main source of income was buffalo hides, he shot buffalo on the Cobourg Peninsula from the early 1880s and in 1884 he was the first to hunt buffalo commercially near the Alligator River. By 1897 Robinson claimed to have exported 20,000 buffalo hides from the mainland and another 6600 from Melville Island. Purchasing the lease for Melville Island in 1892, he appointed Joe Cooper as manager and supported his hunting on the island.[128]
Evropa
Uilyam Fath
Uilyam I (c.1028–1087) was Angliya qiroli from 1066 to 1087. Few hunting details have survived about William except that he was a keen huntsman whose introduction of qirollik o'rmonlari and forest law to England (including the creation of the Yangi o'rmon ) have left an enduring impact on the ecology of that country to the present day. Malmesberi shahridan Uilyam stated William’s hunting was a form of relaxation to escape the pressures of daily business, the chronicler Ordericus Vitalis wrote that William enjoyed his regular hunting expeditions to the Dekan o'rmoni va Angliya-sakson xronikasi stated he loved the red deer "as if he were their father." Jon Menvud listed the five animals protected by law for the early Norman kings as the xart, hind (both qizil kiyik ), to'ng'iz, quyon va bo'ri, and it is assumed from the few hunting accounts of William's sons that the royal hunt was conducted on horseback with hounds. The royal accounts of 1136 from Genri I detail payments to over 100 hunt servants and archers as well as payments for numerous horses and hounds, the hounds were divided into the wolf pack, the king's pack and the main pack, the first two for the king's recreational hunting, the last for use by royal servants for supplying game to the royal table.[129][130][131]
Frantsiya Louis XV
Louis XV (1710–1774) was Frantsiya qiroli from 1715 to 1774. To the King hunting was an all-absorbing affair, in 1722 he drove from his coronation to his first hunt in the Villers-Cotterêts forest and by 1725 he hunted 276 days in the year and in that same year he was at the death of 362 kills, having ridden 3,121 leagues (12,166 km) behind his hounds. The King hunted with a huge pack of hounds called The Great Pack, made up of 40 to 90 couples (80 to 180 hounds) of different breeds, the number increasing during his reign. The pack was actually three packs divided between the game hunted, wild boar, wolf and red deer, and employed a staff of over 500 noblemen (each being on duty for 3 months at a time) and 250 horses, with a further 2,000 horses available for the use by the King, his courtiers and guests. Between 1743 and 1767 the kills of red deer alone by the Great Pack was 2,651 stags.[11][132][133]
Italiyalik Viktor Emmanuel II
Viktor Emmanuel II (1820–1878) was Sardiniya qiroli from 1849 to 1861 and Italiya qiroli from 1861 to 1878. The King is credited with saving the Alp tog'lari from extirpation from the Alps by creating the Royal Hunting Reserve of the Gran Paradiso in 1856. At the time of its creation there were estimated to be only 60 animals remaining in the Alps, the creation of the park and the appointment of a staff of 55 game keepers to watch and ward the remaining animals saw their numbers climb to between 500 and 1,000 head by 1877, this in spite of the King shooting on average 50 head a year. In 1920 the Royal Hunting Reserve formed the basis of Gran Paradiso milliy bog'i by which time it held over 4,000 head of ibex. An enthusiastic alpine sportsman, the King is believed to have shot around 232 male ibex, 22 female ibex and over 700 chamois in his life.[11][134][135]
Ernest II, Saks-Koburg va Gotaning gersogi
Ernest II (1818–1893) was the Saks-Koburg va Gota gersogi from 1844 to 1893. The Duke held various extensive sporting estates including Reinhardsbrunn yaqin Gota, Schloss Rosenau yaqin Koburg, an estate at Hinterriß and a boar forest in Elzas and much of his year was spent hunting; he was also a frequent guest of his brother Shahzoda Albert da Balmoral qal'asi. The Duke shot 3,283 red deer and over 2,000 chamois in his life, as well as numerous boar, roe deer and small game, much of the shooting was stalked although in the forests of Turingiya the deer was usually driven and as the Duke aged, the chamois at Hinterriß were also driven. The Duke's favourite rifle was a .450 Black Powder Express tomonidan Aleksandr Genri with which he shot running deer out to 440 metres (480 yd).[11][134][135]
Jon Jorj I, Saksoniya saylovchisi
Jon Jorj I (1585–1656) was the Saksoniya saylovchisi from 1611 to 1656. The Electors of Saxony were by ancient hereditary "Lord High Masters of the Chase" of the Muqaddas Rim imperiyasi, and John George I and his son John George II were possibly the greatest slaughterers of big game in history.[134] Over the course of his life John George I shot 35,421 red deer, 1,045 fallow deer, 11,489 roe deer, 31,902 wild boar, 238 bears, 3,872 wolves, 217 lynxes, 12,047 hares, 19,015 foxes, 37 beavers, 930 badgers, 81 otters and 149 wild cats. These huge numbers of game were killed by a system of elaborate palisades and hundreds of game beaters who drove the game in enormous numbers to within range of the hunters and their still primitive muzzleloading firearms. John George I was also an enthusiastic organizer of area qon sportlari for the amusement of his court, using the great open market of Dresden as the stage he would pit Aurochs brought from Poland against bears or wild boar and stag against wolves and occasionally the Elector would enter the arena himself to dispatch an animal with a spear, these events usually culminated in members of court participating in some fox tossing. It is said that John George I rejected the offer of the throne of Bohemiya because the deer in Bohemia were smaller and fewer than those of Saxony.[11][134][136]
Jon Jorj II, Saksoniya saylovchisi
Jon Jorj II (1613–1680) was Elector of Saxony from 1656 to 1680. John George II followed his father's love of slaughtering huge numbers of driven game, over the course of his life he shot 43,649 red deer, 2,062 fallow deer, 16,864 roe deer, 22,298 wild boar, 239 bears, 2,195 wolves, 191 lynxes, 16,966 hares, 2,740 foxes, 597 beavers, 1,045 badgers, 180 otters and 292 wild cats. In 1665 John George II rebuilt at enormous expense a high palisade fence originally built by his ancestor Augustus, Saksoniya saylovchisi in the preceding century and had fallen into disrepair. The fence ran the entire length of the border between Saxony and Bohemia and was rebuilt to prevent the Elector's stags from straying from his country.[11][134]
James VI and I of Scotland and England
Jeyms VI va men (1566-1625) was Shotlandiya qiroli as James VI from 1567 to 1625 and Angliya qiroli va Irlandiya as James I from 1603 to 1625. James' reign was marked by his passion for hunting, he reimposed many previously relaxed game and forest laws, took a close interest in the royal forests and claimed the royal right to hunt all game all over England. Providing James with good days hunting was seen as a valuable way to curry favour with the king, although his secretaries often complained of delays in getting his signature due to his frequent lengthy absences hunting and various foreign ambassadors were on occasion kept waiting for weeks while James was away on an extended hunting trip. James born small and unable to walk properly or hold himself upright without experiencing pain in his legs, but he had considerable stamina mounted and he maintained to his couriers and ministers his need to hunt frequently to protect his health. James usually hunted stag and hare mounted with a pack of hounds.[130][137][138]
Alfonso de Urquijo
Alfonso de Urquijo (1920–1994) was a Spanish big game hunter, writer and banker. Born in one of the most illustrious families of Spain, he was introduced to hunting from young age. His hunting adventures were interrupted by the outbreak of Ikkinchi jahon urushi and his enlistment to the Moviy divizion, for which he fought throughout the 1941–42 yillardagi qishki kampaniya, darajasiga erishish Leytenant. Urquijo was a great expert in botany, a country lover and particularly fond of hunting, who suddenly found in the Aragonese Pyrenees the paradise of his hobby, although he also toured much of the world in pursuit of the most beautiful and remote hunting species. He was one of the first Spaniards to organise an expedition to the then territory of the Ispaniya Sahroi, on the back of a camel. U ov qilgan, shuningdek u tashrif buyurgan mamlakatlarning urf-odatlarida samarali ijod qilgan. U biografik asarlarning katta to'plamini, birinchi navbatda ovchilik ekspeditsiyalarini nashr etdi va 1143-ni ro'yxatladi finkalar yoki ov qilish mulk o'sha paytda Ispaniyada mavjud bo'lgan. U hayotining to'liq davrida allaqachon "Nava el Sach" mashhur finkasini sotib olgan Serra Morena u buni namunali tarzda boshqarib, uni buyuk xalqaro ovchilar uchun uchrashuv joyiga aylantirdi. Bundan tashqari, u Ispaniyaning Qirollik ov federatsiyasining a'zosi va Ov trofeylari homologiyasi milliy kengashining a'zosi bo'lgan va Xalqaro o'yin va yovvoyi tabiatni muhofaza qilish kengashi (CIC) uch yil davomida prezident bo'lgan (1981-1984) xalqaro organ Ispaniyada.[139][140][141]
Shimoliy Amerika
Xolt Kollier
Xolt Kollier (taxminan 1848-1936) bir vaqtlar bo'lgan qul, askar, kovboy va mashhur ayiq ovchisi. Kollier hindlar oilasining quli bo'lib tug'ilgan Missisipi, juda yoshligidan u oilaviy itlar itiga g'amxo'rlik qildi va 10 yoshida ularning qo'pol cho'l zonasida joylashgan Plum Ridge plantatsiyasiga ko'chib o'tdi. Vashington okrugi, u plantatsiya ishchilarini go'sht bilan ta'minlash uchun mas'ul bo'lgan joyda, u o'sha paytda birinchi ayiqni o'ldirgan deb ishoniladi. 14 yoshida Klier o'z egalari Xovell va Tomas Xindlarni kuzatib borish uchun qochib ketdi Konfederatsiya armiyasi (yoshi tufayli ularning aniq buyruqlariga qarshi), u Missisipidan Konfederatsiya armiyasida xizmat qilgan yagona qora tanli edi, keyinchalik 9-Texas otliq polki. Urushdan keyin Koller Missisipiga qaytib kelishdan oldin Texasda kovboy bo'lib ishlagan va u 3000 dan ziyod ayiqni, ayiqlarni va pumlarni bir nechta it iti bilan o'ldirgan. Kolier Teodor Ruzvelt ayiqchasini ovga olib borganida milliy shuhrat qozondi, Ruzvelt uchun ayiqni yakka o'zi tutib, katta qora ayiqni daraxtga bog'lab qo'yganini va'da qildi, Ruzveltning ayiqni otishdan bosh tortishi sportni o'ziga xos bo'lmaganligi sababli matbuot uni taxallusni tanlab olishiga olib keldi "ayiqcha Teddi ".[142][143][144]
General Ueyd Xempton
General-leytenant Ueyd Xempton (1818-1902) a Konfederatsiya askar, Janubiy Karolina siyosatchi va plantatsiya egasi. Janubiy Karolinada muhim boylik va muhim yer egaliklarini meros qilib olish va Missisipi, Xempton o'zining plantatsiyalarida, ayniqsa yaqinida joylashgan bitta plantatsiyada yovvoyi ovni juda yaxshi ovlagan Grinvill Missisipining shimoliy qismida. Uning hayoti davomida Xempton 500 dan ortiq qora ayiqning o'limida bo'lgan deb o'ylashadi, ularning kamida uchdan ikki qismi o'zini o'ldirgan va shunga o'xshash sonli kiyiklar. Xempton janubning katta to'plami bilan otga o'rnatilgan barcha ovlarini amalga oshirdi Amerikalik tulki itlari u ayiqlar va kiyiklardan tashqari u atrofida 16 ta pugani, bir nechta bo'rini, shuningdek, lyovnik va kul tulkini o'ldirgan. Xemptonni Teodor Ruzvelt "Amerika ko'rgan eng qudratli ovchi" deb ta'riflagan, odatda itlar uni ovga olib kelgandan keyin uni otib tashlagan bo'lsa-da, u 30-40 ayiqni pichoq bilan qo'l bilan o'ldirgan va itlarning itlarini chalg'itishiga yo'l qo'ygan. ayiq uning tomog'iga sanchish uchun orqasida yurar edi.[11][145]
Ernest Xeminguey
Ernest Miller Xeminguey (1899–1961) - amerikalik romanchi, qissa yozuvchi, jurnalist va sportchi. To'rt yoshida otasi baliq ovlash va ov qilish bilan shug'ullangan Xeminguey, har ikkala mashg'ulotga, alabalık baliq ovlash va o'rdak otish, marlin va tonna baliqlarini dengizdan chuqur baliq ovlashga umrbod sevib kelgan. Gulf Stream Aydaho, Montana va Vayomingdagi katta ov ovlari, shuningdek, Filipp Persival bilan yo'lboshchi bo'lgan Sharqiy Afrikada ikkita safari o'tkazish. Xeminguey Sharqiy Afrikada jigarrang ayiq, qora ayiq, vapiti, kiyik va katta shoxli qo'ylarni va Sher, leopard, karkidon, bufalo, kudu, roan antilopasi, zebra va ko'plab g'azallarni otib tashlagan, sport tajribalari unga ko'plab hikoyalari uchun material bergan. va romanlar. Xeminguey a bilan ov qildi 6,5x54 mm Mannilxer-Shonauer va a .30-06 Springfild ikkalasi ham Griffin va Xau tomonidan, a 10,75 × 68 mm Mauzer, a .470 Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq va a .577 Nitro Express Westley Richards tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan er-xotin miltiq (u bilan ham Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida nemis kemasini cho'ktirishga umid qilgan) va bir nechta .22 Rimfire miltiqlari va kichik ov uchun ov qurollari.[146][147][148]
Agnes Herbert
Agnes Elsi Diana Gerbert (Torp ismli ayol) (taxminan 1880-1960) a Manks yozuvchi, sayohatchi va sportchi ayol. Ko'tarilgan Men oroli, Gerbert amakivachchasi Sesiliy Baird bilan birga yashash uchun istiqbolni cheklab qo'ydi. Kanada toshlari bu erda Xitoy oshxonasi ishchilariga ingliz oshpazligini o'rgatgan va katta ov ovida birinchi marotaba tanishgan. Britaniyaga qaytib kelgandan so'ng, amakivachchalar yashirincha faqat sport ekspeditsiyasini rejalashtirishni boshladilar, bu safar Afrikaga. 1906 yilda juftlik keldi Somaliland, sher, karkidon va turli antilopalarni o'z ichiga olgan ko'plab o'yinlarni otib tashlagan Gerbert sher tomonidan o'ldirilgan va uning mahalliy qo'llanmalaridan biri karkidon tomonidan o'ldirilgan. Juftlik yana ikkita yirik sport ekspeditsiyasini o'tkazdi Alyaska bu erda ular ayiq, morj, karibu, Dall qo'ylari va buqalarni va boshqasini ovlashgan Kavkaz ular qaerda ov qildilar tur, ayiq, echki, kiyik va yovvoyi cho'chqa, Gerbert uchta sayohat haqida hisobot nashr etdi. Somalilandga safari uchun amakisi ularga shaxsiy kollektsiyasidagi miltiqlarning batareyasini, shu jumladan uchta 12 burg'ulash miltig'ini, ikkitasini berdi .500 qora changli ekspress er-xotin miltiq, a .35 Vinchester repetitor va ikkita 12 burg'ilangan ikki barreli shikar avtomatlari. Herbertning eng yaxshi ko'rgan miltig'i 12 teshikli yumshoq sferik o'qlar va 5½ dram (9,7 g) kukun bo'lib, u sher va boshqa xavfli o'yinlar uchun ideal deb hisoblagan. Alyaska safari uchun juftlik a oldi .256 Mannliker, a .375 Flanşlı Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq va ikkitasi .450 Nitro Express miltiq, ular Kavkaz safari uchun .256 manliker miltig'i va 12 o'q miltig'i jufti.[149][150][151][152]
Elmer Keyt
Elmer Merrifild Keyt (1899–1984) - Aydaxodagi chorvador, o'qotar qurol ixlosmandi, muallif va sportchi. Keyt doimiy yordamchi sifatida tanildi Qurol va o'q jurnal, shuningdek miltiq, to'pponcha, ov va otish haqida bir qator kitoblar muallifi. Keyt yovvoyi tabiatda ayiq, vapiti, kiyik, tog 'echkisi va echkilar masofasida yashagan, bolaligidan u bu va boshqa yirik Amerika hayvon turlarini, shu jumladan karibu, bighorn qo'ylari, dall qo'ylari, antilopalar, bizon, arktika o'yini, puma va yaguarlarni ovlagan. , eng chekka joylariga tez-tez ov sayohat qilish Britaniya Kolumbiyasi, Alberta, Alyaska va Yukon. Tabancalar va ov miltiqlarini otish bo'yicha mutaxassis Keyt .33 dyuym (8,4 mm) kalibrli patronlar va 250 donadan (16 g) baland kalibrli o'qlarni afzal ko'rdi, afrikalik katta ov ovida u .476 Nitro Express Westley Richards va a tomonidan er-xotin miltiq .500 Nitro Express Charlz Bosuell tomonidan. Keyt o'zining Shimoliy Amerikadagi ovchilik faoliyati uchun juda ko'p noyob kartridjlarni ishlab chiqardi va ishlatdi, uning yovvoyi mushukning miltiq patronlari ko'plab zamonaviy ov patronlarining rivojlanishiga ta'sir ko'rsatgan, shu jumladan .338-06, .338-378 Weatherby Magnum va .340 Weatherby Magnum, u ilhom baxsh etgan Vinchester rivojlantirish .338 Winchester Magnum.[153][154][155][156]
Jek O'Konnor
Jon Vulf "Jek" O'Konnor (1902-1978) amerikalik yozuvchi, ochiq havoda va katta ovchi edi. Qisqa armiya martabasidan so'ng, O'Konnor muxbir sifatida oy yorug'ida o'qitishni boshladi. Ov va miltiq haqida jurnal maqolalarini yozishga o'tishda u eng yaxshi yozuvchi sifatida tanilgan va keyinchalik o'q otish muharriri sifatida tanilgan Tashqi hayot jurnali, u shuningdek ov qilish, otish va ov hayvonlari haqida bir nechta kitoblar yozgan. O'z hayoti davomida O'Konnor Shimoliy Amerikada jigarrang ayiq, qora ayiq, puma, katta shoxli qo'ylar, dall qo'ylar, tog 'echkisi, buq, vapiti, karibu, kiyik va pronghornni boshqa hayvonlar orasida otgan; sher, leopard, fil, karkidon, buffalo, kudu, sable antilopasi, oryx va boshqa turli xil antilopalar Afrikada; Osiyodagi yo'lbars, ibek, siydik, qizil qo'y va qorako'l. O'Konnor juda yuqori darajada ishlatgan va yozgan .257 Roberts, 7x57mm Mauser, .30-06 Springfild, .375 H&H Magnum, .416 Rigbi va .450 Vatt Magnum, garchi Shimoliy Amerika ovi uchun u yengilroq o'q otish snaryadlarining himoyachisi bo'lgan va uning ismi "sinonim" .270 Vinchester, uning sevimli kartrigi.[157][158][159][160]
Teodor Ruzvelt
Teodor Ruzvelt (1858-1919) - Amerika davlat arbobi, muallif, askar, katta ovchi, tabiatshunos va Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Prezidenti. Ruzvelt prezidentligidan oldin nihoyatda g'ayratli ovchi-tabiatshunos o'zining tajribali kunlari davomida juda ko'p ov qilgan va shu voqealar haqida bir qancha kitoblar yozgan. Fermerning ovga sayohatlari, Ranch hayoti va ov yo'li va Cho'l ovchisi. Ruzvelt butun hayoti davomida tabiiy yashash muhitini muhofaza qilish orqali yovvoyi hayotni saqlab qolish uchun harakat qildi, siyosiy faoliyati davomida u Amerikaning jamoat o'rmonlari maydonlarini to'rt baravar oshirdi, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari o'rmon xizmati Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari erlarining o'n ikkidan bir qismini boshqarish uchun kelgan va u 55 ta yovvoyi tabiat muhofazasini yaratgan, milliy bog'larni kengaytirgan, tabiatni muhofaza qilish konferentsiyalarini o'tkazgan va tabiatga hurmat va cho'lni asrab qolish tuyg'usini ommalashtirgan. Prezidentligidan keyin Ruzvelt Amerika muzeylari uchun yovvoyi tabiatning xalqaro namunalarini yig'ish uchun ikkita yirik ov ekspeditsiyasini boshladi, 1909–10 Smithsonian-Ruzvelt Afrika ekspeditsiyasi uchun yig'ish uchun Sharqiy Afrikaga Milliy tabiiy tarix muzeyi va 1914-15 yillar Ruzvelt-Rondon ilmiy ekspeditsiyasi uchun to'plash uchun Paragvay va Braziliya Amazonlariga Amerika tabiiy tarixi muzeyi. Ruzvelt umri davomida Shimoliy Amerikada puma, grizzli ayiq, qora ayiq, bufalo, buloq, vapiti, karibu, oq dumaloq kiyik, qora dumaloq kiyik, tog 'echkisi, katta shoxli qo'y va pronghorn otgan; Afrikadagi sher, sher, fil, oq karkidon, qora karkidon, begemot, zebra, jirafa, sartarosh, eland, oriks, roan antilopasi, yovvoyi hayvon, topi, suvsar, lexve, xartebest, kob, impala, gerenuk va jayron; Janubiy Amerikadagi jaguar, tapir, peccary va o'tin kiyiklari, shuningdek uchta qit'adagi ko'plab kichik ovlar. Ruzvelt Amerika G'arbidagi dastlabki kunlarida og'ir .45-120 O'tkir miltiq va ingliz tili .500 qora changli ekspress er-xotin miltiq, ularning vazni og'irligi sababli u zudlik bilan ikkalasini ham .40-90 o'tkir miltiq, .50-115 Bullard ekspress-6 o'qi uchun takrorlovchi va Vinchester modeli 1876 ichida joylashgan .45-75 Vinchester (sevimli). Keyingi yillarda u a M1903 Springfild ichida joylashgan .30-03 (yana bir sevimli), uni afrikalik ekspeditsiyasi uchun a Vinchester modeli 1895 yil ichida joylashgan .405 Vinchester va a .500 / 450 Nitro Express er-xotin miltiq Gollandiya va Gollandiya.[36][145][161][162][163][164][165][166][167]
Taunsend Uilen
Polkovnik Taunsend "Tovni" Uilen (1877-1961) - amerikalik askar, ovchi, yozuvchi, ochiq havoda va miltiqchi. 1936 yilda armiyadagi faoliyatini tugatgandan so'ng, Whelen turli xil sport nashrlarida, shu jumladan, etakchi ochiq yozuvchiga aylandi Amerikalik miltiqchi, Dala va oqim, Qurol va o'q, Tashqi hayot va Sport maydonchasi, shuningdek, ov va o'qotar qurollar haqida bir qator kitoblar yozish. Uilen butun umrini ovlagan, 1892 yilda va oxirgi 66 yil ichida birinchi kiyikni olib, hayoti davomida ko'plab yirik ov hayvonlarini, shu jumladan jigarrang ayiq, qora ayiq, mo'ylov, vapiti, karibu, oq kiyik, xachir kiyik, qora quyruqni otgan. kiyik, katta shoxli qo'ylar va tog 'echkisi Kanada davomida Toshli tog'lar va Adirondacks. Whelen .30-06 Springfield, shu jumladan .25 Whelen, asosida miltiq patronlarini ishlab chiqardi, .35 Whelen, .375 Whelen va .400 Whelen.[168][169][170]
Janubiy Amerika
Sasha Siemel
Aleksandr "Sasha" Siemel (1890–1970) Latviyada tug'ilgan Janubiy Amerikadagi avantyurist, yo'lboshchi, aktyor, yozuvchi va yaguar ovchi. Yoshligida Siemel akasi Ernestga ergashdi Argentina, 1914 yilda u Pantanal ning Braziliya. 1925 yilda o'zining birinchi yaguarini (nayzasi bilan) o'ldirgan Siemel yaguar yirtqichligidan chorva mollari uchun katta yo'qotishlarga uchragan chorvadorlar uchun mo'l-ko'l ovchi bo'ldi. O'zini o'zi targ'ib qiluvchi Siemel o'z hayoti davomida ko'plab kinojurnallar va maqolalar orqali mashhur bo'lgan, 1953 yilda u juda mashhur avtobiografiyani nashr etgan Tigrero!. Siemel 1937 yilgi seriyada rol o'ynagan O'rmon tahdidi va u 1950-yillarning o'rtalarida abort qiladigan film loyihasida ishtirok etgan Jon Ueyn (Siemel kabi) va Ava Gardner Amazonda film suratga olishdan oldin to'satdan to'xtatildi. Siemel a bilan yaguarlarni ovlagan nayza, a kamon va o'qlar miltiq bilan, uning karerini topish uchun itlar to'plamidan foydalangan. 1948 yilga kelib, Siemel 281 yaguarni, 30 nayza bilan, 111ni kamon va o'qlar bilan, qolganlarini miltiq bilan o'ldirgan, shuningdek 22 kishini tiriklayin qo'lga olgan, bu uning ovdan nafaqaga chiqqanidan 7 yil oldin bo'lgan va u o'ldirilgan deb ishoniladi. Uning hayotidagi 300 yaguar.[171][172][173]
Shuningdek qarang
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