London gilidagi qazilma turlarining ro'yxati - List of fossil species in the London Clay

Qadimgi va mavjud turlarining ro'yxati, ularning qoldiqlari topilgan London gil, Angliyaning janubi-sharqidagi katta maydonlarning tagida joylashgan.

O'simlik qoldiqlari, ayniqsa urug'lar va mevalar juda ko'p uchraydi va deyarli 300 yil davomida London Kleyidan yig'ilgan.[1] O'simliklarning 350 ga yaqin turlari topilib, London Kley florasini toshqotgan urug'lar va mevalar bo'yicha dunyodagi eng xilma-xil turlardan biriga aylantiradi.[2] Flora bugungi kunda Osiyodagi tropik o'rmonlarda uchraydigan o'simlik turlarini o'z ichiga oladi va iqlimning ancha iliqligini namoyish etadi Eosen davri kabi o'simliklar bilan Nypa (Nipah palmalar) va boshqalar palmalar tez-tez uchraydi. Quyidagi o'simliklar ro'yxati to'liq emas va tomonidan olib borilgan tadqiqotlarga asoslangan Marjori Chandler.[1] va paleobotanist Stiven R. Manchester tomonidan olib borilgan tadqiqot ishlari[3] va o'simlik paleobiologiyasi professori Margaret Kollinson tomonidan.[4]

O'simliklar

Pteridofitlar

Likopodiofitlar

Gimnospermlar

  • Araucariaceae - maymun jumboq, bunya qarag'ay va Norfolk qarag'ay
  • Agatis sp. - o'xshash Agathis dammara
  • Araukaritlar spp.
  • Doliostrobus stenbergi - o'tmishda † Araucarites deb nomlangan toshqotganliklar ushbu turga mansub deb aytilgan, endi u o'z oilasi † Doliostrobaceae-ga joylashtirilgan.

Angiospermlar

  • Caryotispermum cantiense
  • Koryfa sp.
  • Livistona minima
  • Nypa burtini (sin.) Nipa burtini)
  • Onkosperma anglika
  • Palmospermum bracknellense
  • Palmospermum Cooperi
  • Palmospermum davisi
  • Palmospermum eleganlari
  • Palmospermum jenkinsi
  • Palmospermum minutum
  • Palmospermum ornatum
  • Palmospermum ovale
  • Palmospermum subglobulare
  • Sabal grandisperma
  • Serenoa sp.
  • ?Traxikarpus sp.
  • Caricoidea obovata
  • Polikarpella sezpitozasi
  • Miristakarpum qandillari
  • Crowella globosa
  • Laurokaliks bowerbanki
  • Laurocalyx dubius
  • Laurokaliks fibrotorulozi
  • Laurocalyx globularis
  • Laurokaliks magnusi
  • Laurocarpum crassum
  • Laurocarpum cupuliferum
  • Laurocarpum davisi
  • Laurocarpum inornatum
  • Laurokarpum minimal
  • Laurocarpum minutissimum
  • Laurocarpum ovoideum
  • Laurocarpum paradoksum
  • Laurocarpum proteum
  • Laurocarpum pyrocarpum
  • Laurocarpum sheppeyense
  • Protoaltingia europaea
  • Protoravensara sheppeyensis
  • Plataninium decipiens[5]
  • Quercinium pasanioides
  • Alnus richardsoni (sin.) Petrophiloides richardsoni) - kaklik
  • Ferrignocarpus bivalvis
  • Juglandicarya bognorensis
  • Juglandicarya coopereri
  • Juglandikarya depressasi - London gilasida eng keng tarqalgan Juglandacarya turlari
  • Juglandicarya lubbocki
  • Juglandicarya minuta
  • Petrophiloides richardsoni - London gilasida eng ko'p tarqalgan ikkita Juglandaceae turlari orasida
  • Pterokaryopsis bognorensis - jins bilan bog'liq Pterokarya
  • Haloragicarya sp.
  • Bowerbankella tiliacoroidea
  • Davisicarpum gibbosum
  • Diploklisiya bognorensis
  • Eohypserpa parsonsi
  • Frintonia ornata
  • Gipserpa sp.
  • Jatrorrhiza sp.
  • Menispermicarpum rariforme
  • Menispermoksilon - mavjud bo'lgan Tinomiscium turiga yaqin
  • Microtinomiscium foveolatum
  • Palaeococculus lakensis
  • Paleosinomenium pulchrum
  • Tinomiscoidea scaphiformis
  • Tinospora ekskavatori
  • Wardenia davisi
  • Simploklar egrilik
  • Symplocos quadrilocularis
  • Symplocos trilocularis
  • Symplocos bognorensis
  • Sapoticarpum rotundatum
  • Sapoticarpum latum
  • Sapoticarpum duhium
  • Sapotispermum sheppeyense - Xrizofillum va Sideroksilon bilan ittifoqdosh
  • Hightea elliptica
  • Hightea turgida
  • Myrtospermum o'zgaruvchan
  • Palaeorhodomyrtus subangulata - ittifoqdosh Rodomirtus
  • Ceriops sp.
  • Palaeobruguiera elongata
  • Palaeobruguiera lata
  • Onkoba variabilis
  • Onkobella sp.
  • Saxifragispermum spinosissimum
  • Decaplatyspermum bowerbanki
  • Wetherellia variahilis - bog'liq bo'lgan Gugoniya
  • Eritropalum europaeum - Ushbu turdagi faqat bitta mavjud bo'lgan turlar, ular shoxli butalar yoki liana hisoblanadi
  • Eritropalum jenkinsi
  • Eritropalum turbinatum
  • Olax depressa
  • Allamanda sp.
  • Ochrosella ovalis
  • Ochrosoidea sheppeyensis
  • Bosveliya sp.
  • Bursericarpum aldwickense
  • Burserikarpum bognorense
  • Burserikarpum ovale
  • Bursericarpum venablesi
  • Palaeobursera bognorensis
  • Protocommiphora europaea
  • Xerospondialar sheppeyensis
  • Drakontomelon eng kam
  • Drakontomelon subglobosum
  • Lannea evropeya
  • Lannea jenkinsi
  • Lobaticarpum o'zgaruvchan
  • Mangifera sp. - Mango
  • Odina europaea
  • Odina jenkinsi
  • Odina subreniformis
  • Poupartiya sp.
  • Pseudosclerocarya subalata
  • Spondiaecarpon operculatum - bir nechta botaniklarning fikriga ko'ra, dastlab Spondiaecarpon operculatum deb ta'riflangan piritlangan namunalar lokal tashladi Torricellia sp.
  • Xilokarya sp.
  • Palaeeucharidium cellulare - ittifoqdosh Eucharidium
  • Cranmeria trilocularis
  • Minsterokarpum alatum - krep mirtlasi yoki krep mirtlasi bilan chambarchas bog'liq Lagerstroemiya
  • Pachyspermum quinqueloculare
  • Tamesicarpum polyspermum
  • Cantitilia polysperma
  • Echinocarpus sheppeyensis
  • Urticicarpum scutellum
  • Aleuritlar sp.
  • Kroton sp.
  • Eforhoriya sp. - o'xshash Euphorbia cotinifolia
  • Euphorbiospermum bognorense
  • Euphorbiospermum coopereri
  • Euphorbiospermum eocenicum
  • Euphorbiospermum obliquum
  • Euphorbiospermum subglobulare
  • Euphorbiospermum subovoideum
  • Euphorbiospermum venablesi
  • Euphorbiotheca minima
  • Euphorbiotheca sheppeyensis
  • Lagenoidea bilocularis
  • Lagenoidea trilocularis
  • Cucurbitospermum coopereri
  • Cucurbitospermum equiaelaterale
  • Cucurbitospermum sheppeyense
  • Cucurbitospermum uchburchagi
  • Atalaya sp. - o'xshash Atalaya variifolia Avstraliya
  • Cupanoides grandis - bog'liq bo'lgan Kubaniya
  • Cupanoides tumidus - bog'liq bo'lgan Kubaniya
  • Palaeallophylus minimus
  • Palaeallophyllus ovoideus
  • Palaeallophylus rotundatus
  • Paleolektrik spirali
  • Sapindospermum coopereri
  • Sapindospermum davisi
  • Sapindospermum grande
  • Sapindospermum jenkinsi
  • Sapindospermum ovoideum
  • Sapindospermum revolutum
  • Sapindospermum subovatum
  • Toechima sp.
  • Canticarya gracilis
  • Canticarya ovalis
  • Canticarya sheppeyensis
  • Canticarya ventricosa
  • Caxtonia elongata
  • Caxtonia glandulosa
  • Caxtonia rutacaeformis
  • Citrispermum sheppeyense
  • Clausenispermum dubiumi
  • Eozantoksilon glandulozum
  • Evodiya kostata
  • Rutaspermum bognorense
  • Rutaspermum minimal
  • Shrubsolea jenkinsi
  • Zantoksilonning siqilishi
  • Zantoksilon bognorense
  • Canticarpum celastroides
  • Kata sp. - shunga o'xshash Kata edulis (Xat )
  • Kathispermum pulchrum
  • Celastrinoxylon ramunculiformis
  • Beckettia mastixioides
  • Kornus ettingshausenii
  • Dunstania ettinghauseni
  • Dunstania multilocularis
  • Langtonia bisulcata
  • Lanfrancia subglobosa
  • Mastixiya kantiensis
  • Mastixiya grandis
  • Mastixiya parva
  • Portnallia bognorensis
  • Portnallia sheppeyensis
  • Nissa bilocularis
  • Nissa kooperi
  • Palaeonyssa multilocularis
  • Curtisiaceae
  • Faboidea crassicutis
  • Icacinicarya amygadaloidea
  • Icacinicarya bartonensis
  • Ikatsinikarya becktonensis
  • Icacinicarya bognorensis
  • Ikatsinikarya echinatasi
  • Ikatsinikariya eleganlari
  • Icacinicarya emarginata
  • Ikatsinikarya forbesii
  • Ikatsinikarya foveolatasi
  • Icacinicarya glabra
  • Icacinicarya inornata
  • Ikatsinikarya jenkinsi
  • Ikatsinikarya minimalari
  • Icacinicarya mucronata
  • Icacinicarya nodulifera
  • Icacinicarya ovalis
  • Icacinicarya ovoidea
  • Ikatsinikarya platikarpa
  • Ikatsinikarya pygmaea
  • Icacinicarya reticulata
  • Icacinicarya rotundata
  • Icacinicarya transversalis
  • Akutiform yodlar
  • Iodlar bilinica
  • Iodes corniculata
  • Iodes davisii
  • Iodes eocenica
  • Iodalar multireticulata
  • Mappia sp.
  • Mikeliya sp.
  • Natsiatum eocenicum
  • Palaeofitokren ambiguasi
  • Paleofitokren foveolata
  • Perforatocarpum echinatum
  • Sphaeriodes ventricosa
  • Stizocarya Communis

Hayvonlar

Hayvonlarning qoldiqlari kiradi ikkilamchi, gastropodlar, nautilus, qurt naychalari, mo'rt yulduzlar va dengiz yulduzi, Qisqichbaqa, lobsterlar, baliq (shu jumladan nahang va nur tishlar), sudralib yuruvchilar (xususan toshbaqalar ) va katta xilma-xilligi qushlar. Biroz sutemizuvchi qoldiqlar ham qayd etilgan. Saqlash har xil; bo'g'inli skeletlari odatda kam uchraydi. Baliqlardan ajratilgan tishlar juda tez-tez uchraydi. Qushlarning suyaklari boshqalarga nisbatan kamdan kam uchraydi lagerstätten, lekin odatda bitta suyak shaklida bo'ladi va ko'pincha singan.

Quyidagi fauna turlarining ro'yxati Clouter (2007) dan keyin keladi.[6]

Umurtqali hayvonlar

Sutemizuvchilar

Qushlar

Sudralib yuruvchilar

Timsohlar

Ilonlar

Toshbaqalar va toshbaqalar

Sheppeydan toshbaqa qoldiqlari

Suyakli baliq

Kıkırdaklı baliqlar

Qisqichbaqasimonlar

Ekvuviya ning Goplopariya

Mollyuskalar

Sefalopodlar

Ikki pog'onali

Anomiidae

Astartidae

Gastropodlar

Tusk chig'anoqlari

  • Antalis tayoqchalar va A. nitenslar

Ekinodermalar

Ophiura wetherelli London gilidan Bognor Regis

Annelidlar

Knidariyaliklar

Boshqa umurtqasiz hayvonlar

Ichnofosillalar

Izohlar

  1. ^ O'z ichiga oladi "Primobucco" olsoni
  2. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Aprionodon
  3. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Fizodon
  4. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Rhinoptera
  5. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Gipotod robustus
  6. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Evgomfod makrotus
  7. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Akantiyus
  8. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Xendolamiya
  9. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Necrozius bowerbanki
  10. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Eutrephoceras
  11. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Modiolus depressusi
  12. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Striarca
  13. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Kiprina
  14. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi A. rugatus
  15. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Pitariya tenuistriata
  16. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Ledina
  17. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Amussium korneum
  18. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Protokard
  19. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Pteriya
  20. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Ostrea
  21. ^ Ba'zan turli xil hisoblanadi Scala undosa
  22. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi A. sowerbyii
  23. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Tibiya
  24. ^ Ba'zan Hemipleurotoma
  25. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Konospirus
  26. ^ Ba'zan Hemipleurotoma
  27. ^ Ba'zan Hemipleurotoma
  28. ^ Ba'zan Hemipleurotoma
  29. ^ Ba'zan S. bifaci yoki S. bifacsi
  30. ^ Ba'zan kiritilgan T. teretrium
  31. ^ Ba'zan kiritilgan T. teretrium
  32. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Galeodea
  33. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Nyutonella nilufar
  34. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Solaryum pulchrum
  35. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Natika
  36. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Fusinus unicarinatus
  37. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Bartoniya
  38. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Euthriofusus komplanatus
  39. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Euthriofusus transversarius
  40. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Fikus
  41. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Murex argillaceus
  42. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi T. tenuiplica[tekshirish kerak ]
  43. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Auriniya
  44. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Kalipteya
  45. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Adeorbis
  46. ^ Ba'zan chaqiriladi Onutusus ekstansa
  47. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Asteropekten
  48. ^ Ba'zan joylashtiriladi Rizoxrinus

Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ a b Chandler, MEJ 1961. Angliyaning janubidagi pastki uchlamchi floralar I. Paleotsen floralari, London Kley florasi. London: Britaniya muzeyi (Tabiat tarixi).
  2. ^ Kollinson, M. (1983). London gilining qoldiq o'simliklari. Paleontologik assotsiatsiya.
  3. ^ "Steven R Manchester - nashrlar". ResearchGate.
  4. ^ "Margaret Kollinson - Nashrlar - Tadqiqotlar - Royal Holloway, London universiteti". sof.royalholloway.ac.uk.
  5. ^ Puul, I., K.L. Devies va H.P. Wilkinson 2002. Angliyaning janubi-sharqidagi Eosen paratropik yomg'ir o'rmonidan platan o'rmonlarini ko'rib chiqish. Linnea Jamiyatining Botanika jurnali, 139: 181-191.
  6. ^ Klouter, Fred (2007 yil 29 iyun). "London gil turlari ro'yxati". Olingan 16 iyun, 2008.
  7. ^ Aleksandr F. Bannikov va Jeyms C. Tayler (1995). "Luvaridae va † Kushlukiidae (Acanthuroidei) baliq turkumlarini yangi turdagi va ikki xil evotsen luvaridlari bilan filogenetik qayta ko'rib chiqish" (PDF). Paleobiologiyaga Smithsonian hissalari. 81 (81): 1–45. doi:10.5479 / si.00810266.81.1.
  8. ^ W. J Quayle (1987). "Inglizcha Eosen qisqichbaqasi (lobster va stomatopod)" (PDF). Paleontologiya. 30 (3): 581-612. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi (PDF) 2012-03-09.