Gramofon yozuvlarining g'ayrioddiy turlari - Unusual types of gramophone records - Wikipedia

Ushbu maqolada bir nechta muammolar mavjud. Iltimos yordam bering uni yaxshilang yoki ushbu masalalarni muhokama qiling munozara sahifasi. (Ushbu shablon xabarlarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling) Bu maqola o'z ichiga olishi mumkin beg'araz, haddan tashqari, yoki ahamiyatsiz misollar. Iltimos maqolani takomillashtirish ko'proq tavsiflovchi matn qo'shish va olib tashlash orqali kamroq o'rinli misollar. Vikipediyani ko'ring yaxshiroq maqolalar yozish uchun qo'llanma keyingi takliflar uchun. (2012 yil aprel) Bu maqola uchun qo'shimcha iqtiboslar kerak tekshirish. Iltimos yordam bering ushbu maqolani yaxshilang tomonidan ishonchli manbalarga iqtiboslarni qo'shish. Ma'lumot manbasi bo'lmagan material shubha ostiga olinishi va olib tashlanishi mumkin. Manbalarni toping: "Gramofon yozuvlarining g'ayrioddiy turlari"  – Yangiliklar  · gazetalar  · kitoblar  · olim  · JSTOR (2015 yil avgust) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling)

Ishlab chiqarilgan yozuvlarning katta qismi ma'lum o'lchamlarda (7, 10 yoki 12 dyuym), ijro etish tezligida (33)¹⁄₃, 45 yoki 78 RPM) va tashqi ko'rinishi (dumaloq qora disklar). Biroq, tijorat tomonidan qabul qilinganidan beri grammofon yozuvi (a deb nomlangan fonograf AQShda rekord, bu erda ikkalasi ham silindr yozuvlari va disk yozuvlari ixtiro qilingan), shuningdek, ushbu toifalarga kirmaydigan turli xil yozuvlar ishlab chiqarilgan va ular turli maqsadlarga xizmat qilgan.

Polsha ovozli postkartalar, g'ayrioddiy grammofon yozuvlaridan biri (1950-yillar)

G'ayrioddiy o'lchamlar

Ushbu bo'lim uchun qo'shimcha iqtiboslar kerak tekshirish. Iltimos yordam bering ushbu maqolani yaxshilang tomonidan ishonchli manbalarga iqtiboslarni qo'shish. Ma'lumot manbasi bo'lmagan material shubha ostiga olinishi va olib tashlanishi mumkin. (2015 yil avgust) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling)

Taqqoslash uchun 7 dyuymli singlingga asoslangan 5 dyuymli formatga misol.

Gramofon yozuvlari uchun eng keng tarqalgan diametr o'lchamlari - 12 dyuym, 10 dyuym va 7 dyuym.^[1] Dastlabki amerikalik shellac yozuvlari 1901 yilgacha 10 dyuymli yozuvlar kiritilgunga qadar 7 dyuym bo'lgan. 12 dyuymli yozuvlar ularga 1903 yilda qo'shilgan.^[2] 1910 yilga kelib, boshqa o'lchamlar iste'foga chiqarildi va deyarli barcha disklar 10 dyuymli yoki 12 dyuymli edi, garchi ikkala o'lcham ham rasmiy diametridan biroz kichikroq edi. Evropada 10-dyuymli va 12-dyuymli shellac yozuvlari yigirmanchi asrning dastlabki uch o'n yilligida ishlab chiqarilgan. 7 dyuymli bolalar yozuvlari Ikkinchi Jahon Urushidan oldin sotilgan, ammo deyarli barchasi bolalar foydalanishi uchun ideal material emas, mo'rt qobiqdan qilingan. 1940-yillarning oxirlarida kichik plastmassa yozuvlari, shu jumladan kichiklari rasm disklari, ularni almashtirdi. O'n dyuymli bolalar yozuvlari ham tuzilgan, ammo 7 dyuymli o'lcham kichik qo'llarga ko'proq mos edi. 7 dyuymli o'lcham Yaponiyada mashhur bo'lgan fleksiy disklar uchun ham ishlatilgan bo'lib, ular ovozli varaqlar sifatida tanilgan va ko'pincha an'anaviy dumaloq formatda bo'lgan. Boshqa sohalarda fleksiy disklar odatda to'rtburchaklar shaklida bo'lib, ko'pincha jurnalga kiritilgan (qarang G'ayrioddiy materiallar va ulardan foydalanish quyida).

1900-yillarning boshidan beri 2 dan 19,7 dyuymgacha bo'lgan juda ko'p noodatiy diametrlar ishlab chiqarilgan. G'alati shakldagi disklar ham ishlab chiqarilgan (qarang G'ayrioddiy shakldagi disklar quyida).

G'ayrioddiy tezlik

Ushbu bo'lim uchun qo'shimcha iqtiboslar kerak tekshirish. Iltimos yordam bering ushbu maqolani yaxshilang tomonidan ishonchli manbalarga iqtiboslarni qo'shish. Ma'lumot manbasi bo'lmagan material shubha ostiga olinishi va olib tashlanishi mumkin. (2015 yil avgust) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling)

1920-yillarning boshlarida Edison Records-ning "Diamond Disc" yorlig'i - bu erda mashhur duetni aks ettirgan Billi Jons va Ernest Xare - 80 RPM tezlikda ijro etish uchun mo'ljallangan.

Gramofon yozuvlari uchun eng keng tarqalgan aylanish tezligi 33 ga teng¹⁄₃ daqiqada aylanishlar (RPM), 45 RPM va 78 RPM. 1940-yillarga qadar yagona umumiy aylanish tezligi sifatida tashkil etilgan 78-lar, 1950-yillar davomida tobora kamroq tarqalgan bo'lib, 33 va 45-lar yangi standartlar sifatida o'rnatilgandan so'ng zamonaviy o'n yilliklarda paydo bo'ldi. albomlar va yakkaliklar navbati bilan.^[1] Biroq, ovoz yozish sanoati tarixi davomida 3 dan 130 RPM gacha bo'lgan juda ko'p sonli g'ayrioddiy aylanish tezligi turli maqsadlarda ishlatilgan.

Turli xil va o'zgaruvchan o'yin tezligi

20-asrning 20-yillari boshlarida Buyuk Britaniyadagi Jahon rekordlari kompaniyasi daqiqada aylanishlarni emas, balki tezligi soniyasiga dyuym bilan o'lchangan (lekin yorliqda A dan D gacha bo'lgan harflar bilan ko'rsatilgan) uzoqroq o'ynaydigan yozuvlarni joriy qildi.^[8] Agar oddiy yozuv yorlig'i yonidagi ovoz sifati maqbul deb hisoblangan bo'lsa, unda yozuv davomida xuddi shu tirqishdan ignaga tezlikni ishlatib, ijro etish vaqtini ancha oshirish mumkin edi. Bu odatiy CAV (doimiy burchak tezligi) formatidan farqli o'laroq, CLV (doimiy chiziqli tezlik) formati sifatida tanilgan. Jahon rekordlari boshqaruvchisi oddiy rekordchilar uchun biriktirma bo'lib, u yozuvning tashqi qismini o'ynatayotganda aylanuvchi stolni sekinlashtirar edi va uni asta-sekin tezlashishiga imkon berar edi, chunki igna truba ichkariga kirib borardi. Albatta, faqat maxsus Jahon yozuvlaridan foydalanish mumkin edi. Jahon tizimi tijorat nuqsoniga uchradi. Birinchi marta 1886 yilda AQShning ovoz yozish bo'yicha asosiy patentida taklif qilingan ushbu printsip 1939-1940 yillarda g'ayrioddiy "Cinematone Penny Phono" jukeboxi uchun qisqa vaqt ichida qayta tiklandi (bitta tanlovni ijro etish narxi: bir sent), o'nta qisqa yozuvlarni siqib chiqarishda 12 dyuymli yozuvning har bir tomonida mavjud pop qo'shiqlari.^[9] Yilni disklar va DVD disklari ularning sirt maydonlaridan samarali foydalanish uchun CLV formatidan foydalaning.

CLV formati 1940 va 1950 yillarda "." Deb nomlangan ofis diktant mashinalarida qayta tiklanadi Kulrang audograf va CGS /Memovox uni moslashuvchan disk formati va bugungi kunda kompakt-disklar tomonidan ishlatiladigan ichki yozish formati bilan birlashtirdi. Ikkala mashina ham belgilangan pog'onada yozilgan, ammo Gray Audograph faqat bitta dyuymli tezlikda 7 dyuymli diskning har tomoniga 15 minut vaqtni yozib olishi mumkin edi. Boshqa tomondan, CGS yoki Memovox 12 dyuymli diskda ikki soatdan ortiq yozib olish imkoniyatini beradigan, shuningdek, yuqori aniqlik tezligi va nutq tezligiga ega edi.

1970-yillarda Atlantic Records keyinchalik Syntonic Research nomi bilan tanilgan yorliqda belgilangan bir qator albomlarni chiqarishni boshladi. Har bir albom har xil joylarga yozilgan tovushlardan, odatda, har tomoniga kamida yarim soat uzunlikdagi ikkita to'liq trekdan iborat edi. Masalan, bir tomonda okean to'lqinlari qirg'oqqa urilib, ikkinchisida qushlarning quloqchinida shovullashi; boshqa yozuvlarda qurbaqalar, kriketlar va qushlar odatdagidek ovoz chiqarib, botqoq yoki ko'l saharligida eshitilgan bo'lishi mumkin. Bir necha o'nlab odamlar bor edi^{[noaniq ]} qilingan. Ular asosan tovush yoki dam olish uchun ishlatilgan. Seriyadagi birinchi albom o'zining orqa qopqog'ida ikkala tomonni har qanday o'ynash tezligida stereoda bahramand bo'lish mumkinligini ta'kidlagan (45 RPM dan 16 gacha)²⁄₃ RPM) yozuvni o'ynagan odam xohlagan effektga qarab.^[10]

Microgrooved 78s

Kichik va er osti ijrochilar tomonidan kichik miqdordagi 78 ta RPM mikro guruhli vinil yozuvlari, asosan, yangiliklardan iborat bo'lib, 1970-yillardan to hozirgi kungacha. 2006 yilda, Belfast ashulachi Dyuk Maxsus 78 dyuymda o'n dyuymli RaIlarning sonini chiqardi.^[11] LP davrida "Audiophile" yorlig'i tomonidan 78 ta RPM mikroklip yozuvlari seriyasi chiqarildi. Ular tezroq aylanish tezligi hisobiga 33 RPM dan yuqori sifatli tovushni taqdim etishi va shu bilan birga 78 RPM yozuvlariga qaraganda ancha uzoqroq o'ynash vaqtini ta'minlashi kerak edi.

G'ayrioddiy uzoq vaqt o'ynash vaqtlari

Ushbu bo'lim uchun qo'shimcha iqtiboslar kerak tekshirish. Iltimos yordam bering ushbu maqolani yaxshilang tomonidan ishonchli manbalarga iqtiboslarni qo'shish. Ma'lumot manbasi bo'lmagan material shubha ostiga olinishi va olib tashlanishi mumkin. (2015 yil avgust) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling)

LP yozuvlari kamdan-kam hollarda disk uchun 45 daqiqadan oshib ketdi (ikkala tomon ham birlashtirilib), chunki dastlabki yillarda cheklov 52 daqiqaga teng edi. o'zlashtirish masalalar. 1960-70 yillarga kelib ba'zi yozuvlar 52 daqiqalik cheklovdan oshib keta boshladi, ayrim hollarda bitta albomlar 90 daqiqagacha davom etdi. Biroq, bunday yozuvlar oluklar orasidagi masofani ancha toraytirib kesilishi kerak edi, bu yozuvlarning dinamik diapazonini ancha kichik bo'lishiga imkon berdi va eskirgan igna bilan yozuvni ijro etish yozuvga zarar etkazishi mumkin edi. Bundan tashqari, bu juda jimroq ovozni keltirib chiqardi. Ko'paytirish uchun musiqiy asboblarda keng bo'lmagan og'zaki so'zlar, komediya va ovoz effektlari albomlari uzunligi 52 daqiqadan oshib ketadigan oluklar orasidagi masofani ancha toraytirib kesilishi mumkin. Masalan, 1960-yillarda Ko'zi ojizlar va jismoniy imkoniyati cheklanganlar uchun Milliy kutubxona xizmati tomonidan 10 dyuymli disklarga tarqatilgan materiallar, odatda 16-diskda har bir disk uchun 90 daqiqani tashkil etgan.²⁄₃ RPM va diskda 180 minut 8 da¹⁄₃ RPM.^[5]

G'ayrioddiy uzun albomlarning bir nechta namunalari quyida keltirilgan:

G'ayrioddiy teshiklar

Yozuvlarning katta qismi standart kichik shpindel teshigidan bir oz ko'proq foydalanilgan¹⁄₄"Diametri bo'yicha. Buning yagona odatiy istisnosi 7 dyuymli 45 RPM yozuvidir, u diametri 1,5 santimetrdan biroz kattaroq markaziy teshik bilan ishlab chiqilgan, ham ishlov berishda qulaylik uchun, ham ichkarida joylashgan juda tez o'zgaruvchan mexanizmni o'z ichiga oladi. RCA Viktorning "45" ning yakka mustaqil o'yinchilarida amalga oshirilganidek, mos ravishda katta shpindel.^[13] Shpindel va unga o'rnatilgan har qanday yozuvlar aylanuvchi stol bilan birga aylanar edi, shunda har bir kutish disklari tushguncha tezlashar edi.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Katta mexanizatsiyalashgan shpindel adapterlari 1950 va 1960 yillarda sotilgan ko'p tezlikli avtomatik yozuvlarni o'zgartirish moslamalari bilan ta'minlangan, ammo ular unchalik tez va samarali bo'lmagan. Katta teshik ham foydalanishni osonlashtiradi jukebokslar, "45" -ni konusning shpindel bilan poydevorida mos keladigan diametrga ega bo'lgan aylanuvchi stol ustiga mexanik ravishda joylashtiradigan, 78 RPM jukeboksdagi kichik diametrli teshiklar va shpindellarga nisbatan joylashtirish ishini osonroq, xavfsizroq va ishonchli qiladi. AQShdagi aksariyat 7 dyuymli yozuvlar katta burilish bilan bosilishni davom ettiradi, bu esa adapterni standart burilish stollarida ishlatishni talab qiladi. Evropa kabi boshqa hududlarda uyda foydalanish uchun mo'ljallangan 7 dyuymli yozuvlar standart o'lchamdagi teshiklarga ega. Bunday 7 dyuymli yozuvlarning aksariyati markazni osongina echib tashlashi mumkin edi, bu esa kattaroq teshikli yozuvni jukebokslarda yoki ba'zi bir rekord stacking o'yinchilarida ishlatilishi mumkin edi; bu yondashuv Buyuk Britaniyada 1950-yillardan 1980-yillarning boshlariga qadar keng tarqalgan bo'lib, standart va mustahkam markazlar asta-sekin keng tarqalgan. 1990-yillarning o'rtalarida 7 dyuymli singllarda katta teshiklar ham bo'lgan, ammo bu juda kam edi.

Dastlab, ba'zi 78 RPM yozuvlari teshiklari kattaroq edi bepul marketing fonografni arzon sotadigan, ammo mos disklarni to'liq narxda sotib olishni talab qiladigan sxemalar.

Ko'p teshikli yozuvlar

Ba'zi yozuvlar yorliq maydonida bir nechta teshikka ega edi. Busy Bee, Standardga o'xshash marketing sxemasida va boshq. ikkinchi chiqib ketish maydonini ishga soladi. Bu "Busy Bee" diskini O'Neil-Jeyms kompaniyasi tomonidan sotiladigan mulkiy formatga qo'shimcha ravishda standart fonografda ijro etishga imkon berdi.^[14]:33

Ko'p bo'sh asetat disklari kesish paytida siljishni oldini olish uchun mo'ljallangan bir nechta teshiklarga ega (odatda uchta yoki to'rtta).

YO'Q "s Butparast Muzak (Grey Beat, 1978) bir nechta 7 dyuymli, bir nechta qulflangan oluklari va ikkita markaziy teshiklari bor, ya'ni har bir qulflangan truba ikki xil traektoriyada va har qanday tezlikda o'ynash mumkin. Dastlabki nashr tinglovchiga yozuvni kerakli joylariga ko'ra ko'proq teshik ochish bo'yicha ko'rsatmalar bilan birga keldi.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Keyinchalik bo'shatish bosimi faqat bitta standart shpindel teshigi bilan amalga oshirildi.

G'ayrioddiy oluklar

"Trimikron" disklari

1970-yillarning o'rtalarida MDR (Magnetic Disc Recording) firmasi tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan Trimikron yozuvlari qisqa muvaffaqiyatga erishdi. Har bir yiv orasidagi bo'sh joyni olib tashlash printsipi edi. O'rtacha bu bo'sh joy ikkita yiv kabi kengdir va shuning uchun uni olib tashlash, o'yib yozilishi mumkin bo'lgan yozuvning davomiyligini samarali ravishda uch baravar oshiradi (o'rtacha 33 RPM yozuvida 55 daqiqa). Trimikron jarayoni bo'sh vaqtlarida musiqa ixlosmandlari doktor Rabe tomonidan yaratilgan bo'lib, dastlab asarning o'rtasida yozuv yozib o'tirishga toqat qilolmaydigan klassik musiqa tinglovchilariga mo'ljallangan edi. Masalan, oltitaning hammasi Brandenburg kontsertlari bitta Trimikron yozuviga to'g'ri kelishi mumkin.

Biroq, bu jarayon katta muammoga duch keldi: yupqa truba dinamikani va qayd etilgan signal darajasini deyarli 40 foizga pasaytirdi. Shuning uchun Trimicron yozuvlarini yangi olmosli styluslar bilan jihozlangan va juda yuqori ko'rsatkichlarga ega jim, yuqori mahsuldor burilish stollarida o'ynash kerak. Deyarli 30 Trimicron yozuvlari chiqarildi, ammo nusxalari bugungi kunda kamdan-kam uchraydi, ayniqsa yaxshi holatda.

Bir nechta polosalar

Ba'zi yozuvlar xuddi shu tomonda mutlaqo mustaqil bantlar bilan kesiladi. Bunday holda, bantlar yozuvdagi alohida treklar sifatida ko'rinadi va parallel oluklar singari bir-biriga bog'lanmagan (pastga qarang ). Bu ko'pincha o'quv yozuvlarida ishlatilgan, ammo ba'zida tijorat pop va rok musiqalarining disklarida ham qo'llaniladi. Ushbu alohida bantlarni bir xil tezlikda kesish kerak emas. Ikkinchisi Mobi uzum albom Vau / uzum jami (1968) ushbu o'rnatishga ega. Ikkinchi tomonning to'rtinchi qo'shig'idan so'ng tinglovchiga diskning navbatdagi bandini ijro etish uchun tezlikni 33 dan 78 min / min gacha o'zgartirishi kerakligi to'g'risida aytilgan e'lon mavjud. Yon tomonda so'nggi qo'shiqni ijro etish uchun tinglovchi yozuv yozuvidagi stylusni olib, tezligini o'zgartirib, so'ngra stylusni ikkinchi tomonning beshinchi va oxirgi qo'shig'ining boshiga qo'yishi kerak.

The Gorillaz debyut albom, CD chiqarilishi singari, "Clint Eastwood" remiksini bonusli trek sifatida taqdim etadi, ammo LP albomning so'nggi treki bo'lishi kerak bo'lganidan keyin yozib olingan qulflangan truba bor, shuning uchun ignani jismonan ko'tarib o'ynash uchun harakat qilish kerak. bonus trek.

Ushbu kontseptsiya diskning bitta aylanishi bilan cheklangan davomiylikning cheksiz pastadir tovush namunalari to'plamlarini taqdim etish uchun to'liq dairesel bir nechta lentalardan iborat yozuvlarni ishlab chiqarishga kengaytirildi. Bunga yorqin misollar RR yozuvlar 7 dyuymli RRR-100 (100 ta alohida tasma bilan) va 12 dyuymli RRR-500 (500 ta lenta bilan) va RRR-1000 (1000 ta lenta bilan).

Qulflangan oluklarda yozilgan ovoz

Ko'pgina yozuvlar har ikki tomonning yoki alohida guruhning uchida qulflangan yivga ega. Odatda ignani ushlab turuvchi jim halqa va tonearm yorliq maydoniga o'tishdan. Shu bilan birga, ushbu truba ichida ovoz yozish mumkin va ba'zi rassomlar qulflangan truba ichiga pastadirli audio qo'shib qo'yishgan.

Ushbu texnikaning eng taniqli namunalaridan biri bu edi Bitlz ' Serjant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967). Buyuk Britaniyaning ko'plab nusxalarida tasodifiy suhbatlarning ko'p qavatli kollajlari o'zlarining ilmoqlarida joylashgan. Shu bilan birga, ikkita o'zgarish amalga oshirildi: asl ingliz presslash (oltin logotipli qora yorliq) butun qulflangan truba bo'ylab "ichki chuqurchaga" o'ynaydi va asar boshidagi kulgini o'z ichiga olmaydi. Britaniyalik pressning qayta chiqarilishi (kumush logotipli qora yorliq) igna qulflangan chuqurchaga etib borishdan ancha oldin, "kulcha" ni o'ynatishni boshlaydi, kulishni o'z ichiga oladi va igna qulflangan chuqurchaga urilgandan so'ng, tinglovchi faqat oxirgi narsani eshitadi asarning ikki soniyasi qayta-qayta o'ynadi. JSST 1967 yilgi albomining oxiriga musiqiy qulflangan truba qo'yish orqali javob berdi Kim sotadi.

Yoqilgan ABBA albomi Super Trouper, B tomonining qulflangan yividan oldin va keyin yozilgan xursandchilik va qarsaklar bor "Qadimgi do'stlar qilish usuli ". On Format albomi It bilan bog'liq muammolar, "Agar ishlashga ruxsat berilsa" oxirida qayta aloqa qulf-chuqurchaga davom etadi, u takrorlanadi. Dastlabki nusxalari Pushti Floyd albomi Atom yurak onasi Ikkinchi tomonning oxirida takrorlangan tomchilatib yuborilgan musluğun tovushi bor. B tomoni Jin ursin bitta "Sevgi haqida qo'shiq "o'z joniga qasd qilish" qo'shig'ini qulf-grooveda abadiy qichqiriq bilan yakunlaydi. Piter Gabriel ikkinchi albomi (shuningdek ma'lum Chizish ), Boomtown kalamushlari albomi Yuzaki yuzalarni tasviriy san'ati, va O'lgan Kennedilar albom Plastik jarrohlik falokatlari shuningdek, texnikadan foydalaning. Sonic Youth 1986 yilgi albom Evol so'nggi trekning oxirida "Boshsuyagacha tezyurar yo'l (Madonna, Shon va Men)" qulflangan truba mavjud va trekning uzunligi yorliqda "deb ko'rsatilgan∞ ".

Britaniya rok-guruhi Siqish ularni ozod qildi "Uch kishilik paket "1977 yilda RaI. Dastlabki 7 dyuymda" Devordagi mushuk "trassasi doimiy ravishda gitara bilan qayta tiklanishi bilan tugaydi.^[16]

Inglizcha yangi to'lqinlar guruhi Qarang 1980 yilda "I Am the Beat" singlini chiqardi, u baraban chalishi va vokalni qulf-grooveda takrorlanishi bilan yakunlandi.^[17]

The elektr harakat qilish Planet Patrol 1982 yilda "O'zingizning xavf-xataringiz bilan o'ynang" singlini chiqardi. Dastlabki 12-chi versiyada qulflangan truba ichida o'zining doimiy sadolarini takrorlaydigan A tomoni ko'rinadi.^[18]

San-Fransisko shov-shuvli guruhi Flipper "Jinsiy bomba" singlining B tomonida "Brainwash" deb nomlangan trekni chiqardi, u qulf-groove tushunchasidan foydalanishni o'z ichiga oladi. Qo'shiq oddiygina pank-truba bo'lib, deyarli eshitilmaydigan qo'shiq bilan 30 soniyadan kam davom etadi, vokalistlardan biri aftidan quyidagilarni aytib berib, voqeani aytib berishga urinadi: "Umm ... xo'sh, mana bu erda edi. .. va ... w-va keyin the- ... aslo unutmang, buni unutmang, baribir tushunolmaysiz. " Musiqa "hikoya" ning oxirida to'xtaydi, faqat qaytadan boshlanadi. Ushbu jarayon jami 12 marta takrorlanadi. So'nggi takrorlash ilmoq yivining "uni unut, sen unday emas edi - unut, sen ham bo'lmaydi" degan iborani cheksiz takrorlashi bilan tugaydi.

Yer 'albomi, debyut albomi Jeyms Gang har ikki tomonning uchida qulflangan yiv bor, yon tomonidagi ichki spiral ichki chuqurchaga olib borilib, "Meni ag'daring" iborasi bilan, va ikkinchi tomonning ichki spirali aytilgan so'z bilan ichki yivga olib boradi " Meni yana o'ynat. "

Ustida Ralph Records ozod qilish Swing Lichinkalar uchun qo'shiqlar Renaldo va Loaf tomonidan qo'shiqning so'nggi qo'shig'i ichki spiralda va ichki truba ichida erkak ovozining halqasi bilan davom etib, "bum boom halokati qulashi" ning ovozli perkussiya effektini beradi, ammo shu bilan birga ichki truba bir xil 4/4 ritmda emas, 5/8 da ko'proq ("boom boom crash crash [crash]") Ushbu motif yana (yana 4/4 ritmda) yonilg'ining ochilish qismida paydo bo'ladi Albomning ikkitasi, keyinchalik bu tomonning birinchi tanloviga olib keladi.

Ning asl vinil chiqarilishi to'g'risida Night by Fly tomonidan Shoshiling, "By-Tor & Snow Dog" filmining oxirida eshitilgan chillar qulflangan truba ichida davom etmoqda.

Yozilgan qulflangan truba yozuvining yana bir misoli Godspeed You! Qora imperator debyut albomi F # A # ∞ (talaffuz qilinadi) F-o'tkir, A-o'tkir, cheksiz). Ushbu albomning vinil versiyasida "Bleak, Noaniq, Chiroyli ..." qo'shig'ining oxirida qulflangan truba yozilgan torli ibora mavjud. Sarlavhaning "cheksizligi" ushbu iborani anglatadi. The Stereolab albom E'lonlar bilan vaqtinchalik tasodifiy shovqin portlashlari "Lock Groove Lullaby" qo'shig'i bilan tugaydi, u nomidan ko'rinib turibdiki, qulflangan truba tarqaladi. Tirnoq tomonidan Xomilani g'ildirakdan qirib tashlash (1985) yakuniy qo'shig'ida ("Anything") yozib olingan qulflangan truba mavjud bo'lib, natijada albomning yakuniy notasi asta-sekin takrorlanadi. Portugaliya. Erkak 2008 yilgi albom Tsenzurali ranglar birinchi disk oxirida "meni ag'daring" so'zlarini takrorlaydigan qulflangan truba mavjud. Jonli efirning ikkinchi tomoni King Crimson albom AQSH qulflangan chuqurchaga ega, ular o'ynab bo'lgandan keyin dastlabki bir necha soniya olqishlarni o'z ichiga oladi "21-asr shizoid odam." Birinchi Pushti o'pish albom, Yalang'och, "Oxirgi film" ning so'nggi notasini doimiy ravishda ijro etadigan, yon tomonning uchida qayd etilgan qulflangan yiv mavjud. The Otto fon Shirach albom Pukologiya ikkita 7 dyuymli rangli disklarga bosilgan (bitta sariq, bitta shaffof jigarrang), barcha to'rt tomoni qayd etilgan qulflangan oluklar bilan tugaydi. One side ends with repeated burping, one side ends with repeated toilet flushing, one side ends with what sounds like tape/record scratching, and one side ends with repeated vomiting.

The Arkada olovi albom Shahar atrofi ends side 3 with a continuous loop of the repeated piano chord heard throughout "Biz kutish uchun ishlatilganmiz."

Uels guruhi Super mo'ynali hayvonlar albomini chiqardi Rings Around The World as a 3-record set on Epic Records. Sides 1, 2 and 4 played normally. Side 3 played from the inside out and side 5 was on a 7-inch single. The side consisted of one recorded groove in the center of the record and was a perfectly timed loop of the music of a non-album song called "All the Shit U Do."

An example of a live album with a locked groove is Eagles Live: The applause at the end of side 4 would continue into the locked groove, rather than fading out like on the other sides.

On the 12 inch single of Ziravor released in 1990 by Eon, the locked groove at the end of the disc continues the instrumental lead-out of the track indefinitely as long as the DJ wished to let it play.

There are also many techno records featuring loops as recorded locked grooves, which will continuously repeat the beats and musical phrases, which can then be utilized by a DJ. Warp20, the 20th anniversary box set from Warp Records, features two 10-inch locked groove albums, each containing 20 looped tracks from the record label's most popular artists. Both album sleeves contain correct turntable pitch speed settings for each track. Yana bir misol Lyuk Slater 's "Diesel Drudge," from his 1994 EP Planetary Funk Vol 4, which also ends in a locked groove. Tezkor J 2002 yilgi albom Loudboxer was released on CD with 15 songs segued together, but the double LP version consists of 200 locked grooves, each with its own four-letter title.

The first known hit single to have a recorded locked groove is "Muskrat Love "tomonidan Kapitan va Tennil. A few years later, in December 1975, a British artist known as Kris Xill did a break-in record (see Dikki Gudman yoki Bill Buchenen ) called, "Renta Santa" on Flibs 6006-491 that included a recorded locked groove at the end of the side.

Sound recorded in lead-in grooves

When automatic record changers, auto replay adapters and jukeboxes began appearing in the 1920s the need arose to find a more reliable and forgiving way to accurately direct the stylus to the start of the recorded area as well as signal the end of a performance. Appearing near the outer edge of the record and leading the stylus inward to the performance, Decca introduced the lead-in groove in 1935 in the US, with the industry following soon thereafter. Lead-in groove length, positioning and motion varied by manufacturer and era, some moving slower, some requiring several revolutions before encountering audio, while others being very short and jerky. As with the recorded locked groove at the end, it is possible to record sound into the lead-in groove. King Crimson's AQSH (mentioned above) has this feature. Jorj Xarrison "s Wonderwall musiqasi va O'lgan Kennedilar ' Plastic Surgery Disasters also start in the lead-in groove.

Parallel grooves

Also known as concentric grooves, it is possible to master recordings with two or more separate, interlaced spiral grooves on a side. Such records have occasionally been made as novelties. Victor made one as early as 1901.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Depending on where the needle is dropped in the lead-in area, it will catch more or less randomly in one of the grooves. Each groove can contain a different recording, so the record "magically" plays one of several different recordings. Victor marketed a few 10-inch 78s with two concentric grooves (called Puzzle Record). Columbia also issued a few 10-inch 78s in 1931 with concentric grooves for their cheap Harmony, Clarion, and Velvet Tone labels. In the blank edge of the record, there was a stamp 'A' and 'B', which indicated where each of the concentric grooves started.

A 1950s RCA Viktor 45 rpm single by Fontan opa-singillar, "The Fortune Teller Song " offered a song with four different "fortunes" as endings. Due to the space consumed by the multiple grooves, the song itself played for only about one minute. In the 1960s, promoter George Garabedian ning Mark 56 Records created a "Magic Record" which would randomly play a tune by Artur Lyman, Marafonlar ' novelty song "Peanut Butter," or an imitation Tixuana jezi raqam. Garabedian's records were made to be given away as premiums, usually by potato chip manufacturers. Ning ochilish qismi Zacherle 's 1962 LP Qo'rqinchli ertaklar consisted of three parallel grooves of the same song, each containing different lyrics (an assortment of humorous, macabre retellings of Ona g'oz rhymes).

Yaqinroq misol Monty Python "s Mos keladigan taqish va ro'molcha. A promotional EP by Shoshiling, Rush 'n Roulette (mentioned in the book Rare Rock: A Collector's Guide by Tony Rees) apparently had olti parallel grooves of different Rush songs. Shuningdek Asbob 's 1992 EP release Opiat featured on the second side a double groove that would either play the first track of side two or the hidden song that was found at the end of the CD version. The Marillion Jasur vinyl has a double groove on side four, ending the album either happily with the track Qayta qilingan or less so with water noise. In 2005 a 7-inch single titled "The Road Leads Where It's Led" by Yashirin mashinalar was released in UK that contained both tracks on one side on parallel grooves. The Summer 1980 Telba jurnal Super Special included a one-sided sound sheet (see "flexidisc" above), playable on a standard turntable. It had eight interlaced grooves, each track starts with the same happy and upbeat "Super Spectacular Day" beginning of the song but have eight different dark and gloomy endings.^[19][20] 1980-yillarda, Rhino Records re-released the Henny Youngman comedy album 128 Greatest Jokes as a series of concentric grooves, which they call a "Trick-Track Master".^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Each side of the album has four grooves. In the 1980s, the band Pushti Slip Daddy released a 10-inch single called "LSD" on clear pink vinyl with pink glitter inside the vinyl. One side of the single had one song that played from inside out and, on the other side, there were two songs that were pressed as concentric grooves. Ko'pchilik Shins ' 7-inch records have parallel grooves (such as their 2007 single "Fantom Limb," which has "Nothing at All" and "Split Needles (Alt. Version)" on the b-side.) The band None of Your Fucking Business released a one-sided 7-inch called "NOYFB Escapes from Hell" (side 2 has a groove, but there is no audio encoded in the groove), with 2 grooves that started from the center and ended on the outside of the disc. One groove ran at 45 RPM, while the other ran at 33 RPM.^[21] UK punk rocker Johnny Moped debyut albomi Tsiklikel has a lead track with a parallel groove listed on the label as "0. Mystery Track," which runs parallel to the track. The 12 dyuymli bitta for rap group De La Soul 's 1989 song "Men o'zim va men " has two different tracks in a parallel groove on the B-side. One groove has the Oblapos remixes of "Me Myself and I," while the other has "Brain Washed Follower. One version of the 12" single of The Sensual World by Kate Bush has the instrumental version of the track in a parallel groove - while the instrumental version also appears on side B as one of two sequential tracks."^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Records with parallel grooves have been used in games to provide multiple outcomes, chosen either deliberately or randomly, depending on the game. 1971 yilda, Mattel introduced a game called "Talking Football," in which two players simulate a game of Amerika futboli.^[22] Plays are recorded on small discs, each with six parallel grooves. The player on offense chooses one of ten possible offensive plays, each recorded on one disc, and inserts the corresponding disc into a handheld record player. The other player, without knowing which disc was inserted, then chooses one of six possible defensive plays, marked on the disc so that the record player plays the correct groove corresponding to the chosen combination of offensive and defensive plays. Some plays result in a penalty or turnover, which requires inserting a special disc for that situation, which is unmarked and therefore a random outcome is selected.

In 1975 Ronco UK released a parallel groove game called "They're Off," which featured four 12-inch discs each containing eight possible outcomes on a horse race.^[23] It featured Noel Whitcomb, a well-known horse-racing commentator of the day and the game revolved around betting which "horse" would win the race on that occasion. This appears to have been based on a Canadian product called "They're at the Post" by Maas Marketing, which is more or less the same game with different recordings on the discs to reflect the target market.^[24][25]

Inside-to-outside recording and hill-and-dale recording

In the late 1920s and early 1930s the Vitafon sound system used large sixteen-inch 33 1/3 rpm records to provide the soundtrack for motion pictures. The record rotated in the usual clockwise direction but the groove was cut and played starting at the inside of the recorded area and proceeding outward. This inside start was dictated by the unusually long playing time of the records and the rapid wearing down of the single-use disposable metal needles which were standard for playing lateral-cut shellac records at that time. The signal degradation caused by a worn needle point was most audible when playing the innermost turns of the groove, where the undulations were most closely packed and tortuous, but fairly negligible when playing the outermost turns where they were much more widely spaced and easily traced. With an inside start the needle point was freshest where it mattered most.

Almost all analog disc records were recorded at a constant angular speed, resulting in a decreasing linear speed toward the disc's center. The result was a maximum level of signal distortion due to low groove velocity nearest the center of the disc, called "end-groove distortion". Loud musical passages were most audibly affected. Since some music, especially classical music, tends to start quietly and mount to a loud climax, such distortion could be minimized if the disc was recorded to play beginning at the inner end of the groove. A few such records were issued, but the domination of automatic record changers, and the fact that simfoniya movements, for example, varied greatly in length and could be difficult to arrange appropriately on 20-minute disc sides, made them no more than curiosities.

Until the 1920s, French Pathé Records used inside start and other commercially distinctive grooving. At that time they cut all discs vertically, meaning the vibrations in the grooves were "hill and dale," as their mum tsilindrlari had always been. The records required a special sapphire stylus and a vertically responsive reproducer for playback.

A number of radio transcriptions were standard lateral grooved records (either playing at 33 1/3 or 78) but starting from the inside. An example was those made by the New York Judson Studios, starting in about 1928 or 1929 and running into the 1930s. Each record was 12", made of standard shellac, started in the inner groove and had a locked groove at the outer edge. Some radio transcription discs had both outside and inside-start as a way to maintain the fidelity levels when the record was turned over.

Ixtirochi Tomas Edison, who always favored the cylinder for all its advantages, also cut his discs with vertically modulated grooves from their introduction in 1912 until a year or two before his company's demise in 1929 (Edison Disc Records ). Edison pioneered fine groove discs that played for up to five minutes per 10-inch side; they were very thick to remain perfectly flat and played back with a precision-ground diamond stylus. A commercially unsuccessful extension of the system introduced grooves nearly twice as fine as those of microgroove LPs, yielding playing times of up to 20 minutes per side at 80 RPM and again requiring a special diamond stylus. Even more than with Pathé discs, Edison's vertical-cut records called for specially designed equipment for playback.

When using a modern stereo cartridge to play these or other vertical-cut monophonic recordings, the polarity of one channel must be inverted at some point before the two channels are combined to produce a mono signal, as is desirable; otherwise, they largely cancel each other out, leaving little more than sirt shovqini audible.

• 1977 yilda, Mercury Records released a pair of dealer-only promotional LPs called Counter-Revolutions (samplers of various Mercury popular artists at the time) which played from the inside-out and had a locking groove at the disc's edge.
• In 1984, Many Records in Italy released an Italo diskotekasi song named "Back To Zero" by Francis Lowe that played from the edge of the label outwards on side B, and normally on side A.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}
• 1985 yilda, Xotira yozuvlari in Germany released a limited-edition version of the Italo diskotekasi urish "Kecha bilan suhbatlashish "tomonidan Brayan Muz that played from the edge of the label outwards.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}
• In 1993, American metal band Megadet bitta chiqdi "O'qlarni terlash," on 12-inch blue vinyl with both sides running from the inside of the disc outwards.
• In 1994, the Cyrus 12-inch single "Inversion" released by Asosiy kanal had one side that played inside out.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}
• In 1997, English Sound Artist Janek Sheefer released his first ever record, "His Master's Voices" a transparent two sided LP. Both sides play from the inside to the outside of the disc.^[26]
• In 1998, American hardcore pank guruh Dropdead released their second untitled album, the A side of which plays inside out.
• In 1999, English Shovqin Rassom Paul Nomex released a Parallel Groove 12", "Are you more than just a product of your influence" that plays from the inside out on both sides at both 16 & 78 speeds.
• 2014 yilda amerikalik muqobil tosh guruh Van Betxoven released a two-disc reissue of their Key Lime Pie album, featuring one side that plays the song "Closing Theme" from the inside out at 45 RPM.
• In the 2010s, German classical music label Tacet issued some classical recordings that played from the inside out, including Ravelniki Bolero (2013) and the fourth movement of Betxovenniki To'qqizinchi simfoniya (2016).

Early multiple track (i.e., stereophonic) format

Before the development of the single-groove stereo system circa 1957, at least three companies: Cook Records, Livingston Audio Products, and Atlantika rekordlari, released a number of "binaural" recordings. These were not created using binaural yozuv techniques, but rather one side of each record consisted of two long, continuous tracks — one containing the left channel, and the other containing the right channel. It was intended that the buyer purchase an adapter from Cook Laboratories or a tonearm from Livingston that allowed two cartridges to be mounted together, with the proper spacing, on a single tone arm. Over 50 records were released using this format.

Quadraphonic formats

Quadrafhonic records present four channels of audio, requiring specialized pickups and decoding equipment to reproduce the two additional channels' signals from the groove.

Disc noise reduction formats

In the 1970s and early 1980s, more than a thousand audiophile records were produced with audio tracks specially encoded to be played back through various noise reduction systems in order to reduce noise and increase dynamic range. Systems employed include dbx II disc (1973–1982), Telefunken ning & Nakamichi "s High Com II (1979–1982), and CBS ' CX (1981–1982).

Vibration-resistant discs

Hi-Fi avtomagistrali was a system of proprietary records and players designed for use in automobiles, utilizing a slower play speed and high stylus pressure.

Unusual materials and uses

Flexi disc program sheets such as the Interfeys yoshi "Floppy ROM" were distributed by computer hobbyist and video game magazines during the late 1970s and early 1980s.

With their origin stretching back to the dawn of recorded sound at the turn of the 20th century,^[27] flexible recording media have been made from a variety of materials including foil, paper, and–in the 1950s–thin flexible vinyl known as flexi disklari.^[28]

Thin, flexible paper-based records were briefly popularized in the 1930s by Hafta rekordlari va Durium Records.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} "Melody Cards" were popular in the late 1950s. They took the form of an oversized rectangular postcard with the usual address and greeting space on one side and an illustration on the other. The illustration was overlaid with a transparent plastic material into which the grooving was impressed. The recording was usually musical as the name implies. They typically played at 45 RPM. It was recommended to not write on them with a ball point pen, an invention which was just coming into common use at that time.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Lamine qilingan cardboard records have been produced as integral promotional novelties on packaging, most notably on the backs of cereal boxes in the late 1960s and early 1970s.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Beginning in the 1940s, flexible records began to be used in the form of "book records"–spiral bound paper publications and four or five flexible record sheets bound in. A spindle hole went through the entire assembly. Book records could be opened to one of the records and completely folded back around itself, so that the whole thing could be placed on the turntable and played intact.^[27]

In the 1950s, advances in vinyl production technology led to the development of the 7-inch 33​¹⁄₃ RPM flexi disk yozuv.^[28] Only seen occasionally in the 1950s, these recordings were increasingly used as inserts in magazines that included audio supplements from the 1960s through the 1980s. The recordings were pressed on very thin, flexible sheets of vinyl (or laminated paper), providing a mixture of economy, practical utility and novelty appeal. Flexi discs or Soundsheets were often provided by music publishers to their customers,^{[iqtibos kerak ]} frequently school band and orchestra directors, yurish guruhi va baraban korpuslari leaders and others, with their printed catalogs of notalar varaqasi. The director could then hear a sample recording of the piece as they looked at an excerpt from the musical score.

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, when computer programs and other binary data were often stored on audio cassettes, a number of microcomputer hobbyist magazines published "flexible program sheets" under various trademarked names including "Floppy ROM ", "Flexisoft", and "Discoflex". These bound-in thin plastic 33​¹⁄₃ RPM audio recordings stored computer data such as video game programs that would be played on a turntable and dubbed onto a cassette. It was also possible to connect the record player's output to the computer's cassette (analog signal) input port and load the data into the computer directly.^[29] This method of storing computer data later expanded to include non-flexi-disc novelty releases from musicians such as Kris Sivi.^[30]

A short stack of small chocolate records, with a special record player made in 1904

Chocolate records about three inches in diameter, and small players made for them, were marketed as a novelty in Europe in 1903–1904. After a record wore out or ceased to amuse, it could be eaten.^[31]

1973 yilda Butan qirolligi issued several unusual pochta markalari that are playable miniature phonograph records. These thin plastic single-sided adhesive-backed 33​¹⁄₃ RPM discs feature folk music and tourism information. Not very practical for actual postal use and rarely seen canceled, they were designed as revenue-generating novelties and were initially scorned as such by most stamp collectors. Their small diameters (approximately 7 and 10 cm or 2.75 and 4 inches) make them unplayable on turntables with automatic return tonearms.^[32][33]

In Sovet Ittifoqi in the 1930s and 1960s, bootleg copies of banned Western music were individually recorded onto used medical x-ray film and sold on the black market. These were called "qovurg'alar " or 'Roentgenizdat'.

Unusual appearance

QFX "s Sizda kuch bor (1996) on pink vinyl.

The Ramones albom Xarobaga olib boradigan yo'l kuni shaffof yellow vinyl.

Man or Astro-man "s Your Weight on the Moon on glow-in-the-dark vinyl

Colored vinyl

The first discs by Berliner Gramofoni were black, and that has been the standard color for gramophone records ever since. But as early as 1899, the Vitaphone Talking Machine Co. made records that were brownish-red in color.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} The American Record Company produced records made of blue shellac for their flagship label, although pressings for client labels were made in standard black.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Unusual colors, and even multi-colored shellac first appeared in the 1910s on such labels as Vokalion yozuvlari. In the 1920s, several companies made records of various shades of brown, including Perfect Records va Grey Gull Records.

When RCA Victor launched the 7-inch 45 RPM record, they initially had eight musical classifications (pop, country, blues, classical, children's, etc.) each with not only its own uniquely colored label but with a corresponding color vinyl. According to experts at the Sarnoff Center in Prinston, Nyu-Jersi, the cost of maintaining eight vinyl colors became too high, but the different colored labels were continued, at least for popular music (black) and classical (red, as in "Red Seal"). In October 1945, RCA Victor^[34] put on the market its first "non-breakable" phonograph records. Made of a ruby-red, translucent vinyl resin plastic, they cost twice as much ($2 per disc) as the 12-inch Victor Red Seal. In the 1960s, a distinction was made in label colors of promotional copies of 45 RPM records as well, with pop music being issued on yellow labels and country on light green.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

In the 1970s, such gimmicks started to reappear on records, especially on 7-inch and 12-inch singles. These included using colored acetate instead of black vinyl. Available colors included clear, transparent white, red, blue, yellow and multi-hued.

Faust ularni ozod qildi debyut albom with transparent vinyl and cover in 1971, and a transparent 12-inch of Qirolicha "s Ko'rinmas odam ozod qilindi. 1980-yillarda ska guruh Yomon axloq released a single on Magnet Records called "Samson And Delilah" that was pressed on clear vinyl, with a clear label and clear print on the label and it came in a clear sleeve. In 1983, American post-pank guruh Gapiradigan boshlar albomini chiqardi Tillarda gapirish; a limited number of copies were pressed on clear vinyl and included in an elaborate plastic case designed by Robert Rauschenberg.

Some recordings were released in several different colors, in a deliberate effort to sell the same product to one person multiple times as collector's items. Currently, it is common practice for hardcore pank to release records of different colors at the same time, and press a smaller number of one color than the other. This has created a culture of hardcore record collecting based on having the same release multiple times, each copy with a different and more rare color.^[35]

The 1977 release of the 45 RPM single of "Qulupnay xati 23 "tomonidan Birodarlar Jonson tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan A&M Records with a slightly pink center label (as opposed to the usual buff color that A&M uses), and had strawberry scent embedded into the plastic to make the record give off the odor of strawberries.

Adrian Snell 1979 yilgi albom Quyosh ostida yangi narsa was produced on opaque yellow vinyl, in reference to the name of the album.

Kraftverk released a 12-inch single of "Neon chiroqlar," made of zulmatda porlash plastic in 1978. Penetratsiya released a luminous vinyl limited edition of the album Maqsadlarni ko'chirish in 1978 and the "Translumadefractadisc" (Han-O-Disc) punk sampler picture disc (which had a silk screened luminous ink under the litho on Mylar film image of Medusa) was released by The Label (U.K) in 1979. The Foo Fighters ' debut single "Bu qo'ng'iroq " was available on 12-inch glow-in-the-dark vinyl, and Lyuk Vibert also released a glow-in-the-dark 11-inch EP in 2000. In late 2010 - early 2011, dubstep rassom Skrillex released a limited 500 copy run of his EP Qo'rqinchli Monsters va Qanchadan-qancha Spritlar on 12-inch glow-in-the-dark vinyl.

The Canadian pressing of Devo "s Savol: Biz erkaklar emasmizmi? Javob: Biz Devomiz! album featured spattered-color vinyl, with a grey/white marbled base with splashes of color on the top of that. The Buyuk Britaniya pressing came in multiple (solid) colors of vinyl and a picture disc edition that came with a flexi-disc (the BIZ edition, however, was plain black).

From the mid 1980s to the early 1990s, Canadian rock singer Bryan Adams released a small number of singles on colored vinyl. Notable examples are "Rojdestvo vaqti ", originally on both black and clear green vinyl and later reissued on red vinyl, and a 12" single of "Thought I'd Died And Gone To Heaven " on silver colored vinyl in 1992, in order to commemorate the massive sales of his earlier hit single "(Men qiladigan har bir narsa) Men buni siz uchun qilaman ", which was featured in its full-length version on the disc.

Isis released their first EP Qizil dengiz ' on tri-colored vinyl. Divided like a pie, one third was red, one third was black, and one third was tan/gold. Other bands have released records with 2 colors, divided down the middle.

Electronic artist Isao Tomita issued a coral or peach vinyl disc of Bermud uchburchagi on RCA Red Seal.

Alternative artist Dendi Uorxollar have been known to release all their 7-inch singles on different color vinyl records, and also their LP's. An uncolored, clear, limited release version of their album 'Dendy Warhols pastga tushadi ' was available at the record stores in the band's hometown in 1997.

Jek Uayt 's independent label Uchinchi odam yozuvlari often produces limited editions of their releases on colored, multi-colored and zulmatda porlash vinil.

Amerikalik qo'shiq muallifi Madonna released her 2005 album Raqs maydonchasidagi e'tiroflar on a double pink vinyl. Uning 2008 yil Qattiq shakar album was released on a triple package, which two of these LPs are "candy swirled" vinyl discs (pink-white and blue-white "candy swirled" discs like a starlight candy).

Muqobil guruh Gil bankalari released a limited edition version of their 'Ichki ' album using coke bottle green for the disc.

In 2015, on the occasion of a major MoMA retrospective of her career, Icelandic singer songwriter Byork released her back catalog of studio albums on limited edition colored vinyl.^[36][37] Each color was matched to the "character" created for the respective album, with Debyut being beige, Xabar pink, Gomogen yashil, Vespertin oq, Medulla maroon, Volta dual colored in red and neon green, and Biofiliya, also dual colored, on orange and translucent deep blue vinyl. Her most current release at the time, 2015's Vulnicura, was released months later on limited edition double translucent neon yellow vinyl.

Rasm disklari

Vinylgroover - Phantasm (Remix) / I Can Live Without You - 1996 Hectic Records / HECT 016 limited edition picture disc version.

A picture disc has graphics visible in the grooved playing area, rather than just on an unplayable back side or large label.

Picture discs have been around since the 1920s—or since about 1910, if postcard-size rectangular picture records are included. In the early 1930s they were a minor gimmick in an attempt to stimulate abysmal depression-era record sales. Most of these early picture discs were simply a very thin clear plastic laminated onto a sheet of printed cardboard before being stamped in a yozuvlarni bosish. One US series was more substantial. Some suffered from audible defects such as low-frequency noise due to a surface texture or were rapidly worn to shreds by the very heavy pickups and crude steel needles used to play records at that time.

Vogue Records 78 rpm picture discs were made by Sav-Way Industries in 1946 and 1947 and were of high quality both physically and sonically. Their playing surfaces were clear vinyl and there was a sturdy aluminum core disc between the printed sheets. The imagery was usually gaudy and done in 1940s calendar art style. They sold for US$1.05 each, only about 50 percent more than ordinary shellac records, but the list of available titles was short and the recording artists were second-rank at best.^[34][38]

The first 'modern' rock picture disc was introduced as an assortment of artists such as MC5 and The Doors. 1969 yilda chiqarilgan Elektra/Metronome of Germany and entitled "Psychedelic Underground - Off 2, Hallucinations ".^[39] The second release was the British progressiv tosh guruh Egri havo birinchi albomi, Havo sovutish, a UK issue (1970). One commercially issued American picture disc is To Elvis: Love Still Burning, a collection of 11 Elvis Presli tribute songs by various artists, issued in May 1978. Both sides of the album (Fotoplay FSP-1001) picture Presley.

In 2015, Icelandic singer songwriter Byork ozod qilindi Vulnicura jonli^[40] as double LP picture discs available exclusively through the London record shop Qo'pol savdo. The set was limited to 1000 copies and sold out within 2 days of being available for preorder.

Unusually shaped discs

Mandarin orzusi "s Varshava Quyoshdashaklida Polsha (1984).

Shaped discs contain an ordinary grooved centre (typically the same as a standard 7-inch) but with a non-grooved outer rim that can be cut to any shape that does not cut into the grooves. These oddly shaped records were frequently combined with picture discs (see above); a trend that was pushed particularly hard by UK record company branches in the mid-1980s. Curiously, uncut test pressings of shaped discs in their original 12-inch form - with the clear vinyl surrounds still intact - are much more sought-after by collectors than the "regular" shapes themselves.

A well known unusually shaped disc is a picture disc by Toto qo'shiq bilan "Afrika " on side 1 and "Rosanna " on side 2. It was originally pressed in 1983 and reissued on Yozuvlar do'koni kuni 2017 yilda.

Screamo bands Jeromes Dream va Orkide released a split in the shape of a skull. The record was considered a 10-inch. It spun at 45 RPM and was one sided. Some came in glow in the dark, some in blood red, and some black and white.

Some extreme examples required smaller grooving than standard 7-inch such as the single "Montana" by Jon Linnell (guruhning) Ular gigant bo'lishi mumkin ) which was in the shape of the United States. This record was problematic because record players whose tonearms returned automatically after the record finished playing often did just that before the needle actually reached the song.

Canadian hardcore punk bands Left For Dead and Acrid released a split LP on No Idea Records on July 31, 1997 as a saw-blade shaped vinyl record. When these spun on the record player, they resembled a spinning saw. The rap duo Jinni masxaraboz Posse released a sample vinyl featuring songs from their studio album Wraith: Shangri-La, in the shape of the album's "Joker Card", the Wraith. Alternativ rok-guruh Qor Patrol released a specially created web-shaped vinyl for the single "Signal olovi," a song which was used in the film O'rgimchak odam 3.^{[iqtibos kerak ][iqtibos kerak ]}

Etched discs

Yozuv Anxel logo by the Gramofon kompaniyasi on the back of a single sided record.

Usually taking up a blank side of vinyl, rather than containing music, one side of a disc can be pressed with etched or embossed images. Bu imzolar, badiiy asarlarning bir qismi yoki logotip shaklida bo'lishi mumkin. Qadimgi yorliqlar keng qo'llanilgunga qadar Zilofon singari boshqa dastlabki kompaniyalarning yorliqlari singari, Emil Berliner tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan dastlabki yozuvlar. Ko'plab erta Edison Diamond Disklari ham yorliqlarga ega edi, ularning ko'pchiligida (agar hammasi bo'lmasa), shuningdek, biroz chizilgan rasmlari bor edi Tomas Edison.

Gramofon kompaniyasi o'z logotipini 1900-yillarning boshlarida bitta yuzli yozuvlarining bo'sh qismida, xuddi shu tarzda muhrlab qo'ygan, keyinchalik Viktorning bir tomonlama Red Seal yozuvlarida so'z bilan naqsh bor edi. Viktor ustida.

Kanadalik rok rassomi 1980-yillarda ikkala rangli vinil singl va rasmli disklarni chiqargandan so'ng Bryan Adams 12 ta "singl" ni chiqarganBiz boshlagan narsani to'xtata olmaydi "1991 yil kuzida, uning old tomoni B fotosurati bilan suratga olingan.

Koid va Kambriya to'rtinchi albomini chiqardi Yaxshi Apollon, men Yonaman Yulduz IV, Ikkinchi jild: Ertangi kun uchun dunyo yo'q to'rtinchi tomonda guruhning logotipi tushirilgan badiiy asarlar ishlangan. Ning "B tomoni" Kichik dinozavr ning qopqog'i Davo "Xuddi jannat kabi "bor barelyef uning yuzasida naqshinkor "haykal".

Yozuv o'ynalayotgan paytda bu zarblarni ko'rish mumkin bo'lmasa-da, ba'zilari shaffof vinil ustiga bosiladi, shuning uchun zarblarni ikkala tomondan ko'rish mumkin. Bunga 1997 yil 7-dyuymli "Atlantika muzlashi" ning misoli Kabel baliqni qirib tashlagan.

Yaponiya rok-guruhi Boris (noyob LP-lari bilan tanilgan; 2006 yildagi Pink albomi pushti vinilda chiqarilgan) 2006 yildagi "Vein" albomini yozuvning tashqi ikki dyuymida naqshinkor san'at asarlari bilan shaffof vinilga bosgan. Bu fonograflarni avtomatik ishga tushirish bilan bog'liq muammolarni keltirib chiqaradi, chunki musiqaning haqiqiy chuqurchalari igna tushish uchun mo'ljallangan joydan boshlanmaydi. Bu igna va yozuvdagi san'at asarlariga zarar etkazishi mumkin.

Split Enz lazer bilan o'yilgan Haqiqiy ranglar albom

1980 yil A&M Records LP Split Enz albomi Haqiqiy ranglar nafaqat o'zining bir nechta qopqoqni chiqarishi (turli xil rang naqshlarida), balki vinilda ishlatiladigan lazerni zarb qilish jarayoni bilan ham ajoyib edi. Albom muqovasidagi logotip, shuningdek boshqa shakllar vinilga singdirilgan, agar ular nurga urilsa, polixromatik ranglarda aks etadi. Ushbu lazer bilan o'ralgan holda o'ynash chuqurchalariga ta'sir qilmaydi. Ushbu jarayon guruhning albomdagi "One Step Ahead" qo'shig'ining 45 ta singli uchun ham ishlatilgan Vayata.

1981 yil A&M Records LP Stiks albomi Jannat teatri Ikkinchi tomonda guruh logotipining lazer bilan ishlangan dizayni bor edi.

1990 yilda chiqarilgan Mute XL12Bong18 versiyasi Depeche rejimi Xususiyatlari "Jimjitlikdan bahra oling "To'rtlik: A tomonda final aralashmasi va B tomonda atirgul va qo'lda chizilgan" DM "tasvirlari.

Film uchun original musiqiy yozuv Supermen II standart qora vinil albomning har ikki tomonida beshta marta Superman "S" qalqon logotipi tushirilgan maxsus nashrga ega edi.

Suyuqlik bilan to'ldirilgan disklar

Uchun prototip Qora tuynuk soundtrack albomi.

Disney filmi uchun saundtrekni chiqarish uchun Qora tuynuk, to'ldirilgan prototip disk anilin bo'yoq atrofda erkin harakatlanadigan rangli silikon suyuqlik va moylar ishlab chiqarildi; ammo, qochqin juda katta muammoni isbotladi va u hech qachon chiqarilmadi.

2012 yilda, Uchinchi odam yozuvlari 12 dyuymli cheklangan nashrini e'lon qildi Jek Uayt "O'n oltita tuz "suyuqlik bilan to'ldirilgan diskda, uni" birinchi marta ushbu turdagi disk ommaga taqdim etiladi "deb nomladi va chiqmaganligini ta'kidladi Qora tuynuk ozod qilish.^[41]

Shuningdek, 2012 yilda Olovli lablar o'zlarining qo'shaloq albomlarining juda cheklangan (va qimmat) nashrini chiqazdilar Olovli lablar va Heady Fwends qonning suyultirilgan aralashmasi bilan to'ldirilgan, shu jumladan, bir qator hamkasblar tomonidan qo'shilgan Kesha, Kris Martin va Neon hindu Alan Palomo. U Nashvildagi United Record Pressing-da Jek Uaytning suyuqlik bilan to'ldirilgan "O'n oltita tuzlamoq" 12 "va birinchisi Fwends qon vinili "Tuzli oshlar" ning ikki nusxasiga sotildi.^[42]

2017 yilda Fonoflo Records Tennessee Jet's Reata uchun suyuq konsentratsiyali suyuqliklarni o'z ichiga olgan suyuqlik bilan to'ldirilgan rekordini chiqardi va bu uning birinchi turi edi. Yozuvdagi tashqi kamerada, Qari qarg‘a viski joylashtirildi Coca Cola ichki halqaga o'rnatildi.

Boshqa tushunchalar

BP Fallon singl Shuhrat # 9,^[43] Uchinchi odam yozuvlarining yana bir mahsuloti "Yagona signal" deb nomlangan jarayonda bosildi, bunda stereo truba chap va o'ng kanallarida B tomoni har xil tarkibga ega. Stereo vositasida muvozanat tugmachasi bo'lgan tinglovchilar yozuvni to'g'ri ijro etish uchun uni chapga yoki o'ngga burishlarini buyuradilar.

Gologramma disklari

Ning vinil versiyasiga qo'shilgan ko'plab xususiyatlardan biri Jek Uayt 2014 yilgi albom Lazaretto aylanayotgan farishtaning suzuvchi gologramma tasviri bo'lib, u yozuvni ijro etishda va ma'lum bir burchak ostida ko'rishda paydo bo'ladi.^[44]Bundan tashqari, standart vinil versiyasi bilan birga soundtrack Yulduzli urushlar: Kuch uyg‘onadi tasvirini aks ettiruvchi golografik yozuvda mavjud edi Millennium Falcon bir tomonda va a TIE qiruvchi boshqa tomondan, ikkalasi ham rekord tezlikda aylanmoqda.^[45] Deluxe vinil nashri Shoshiling "s 2112 Federatsiyaning aylanayotgan Qizil yulduzi gologrammasi.^[46] Ularning uchalasi ham Tristan Dyuk o'zining Infinity Light Science studiyasi uchun ishlab chiqarilgan.^[47]

Shuningdek qarang

• Anti-yozuv
• Imkoniyatli elektron disk
• Yashirin trek
• Lentikulyar bosib chiqarish
• Rasmdagi disklarning ro'yxati
• Shakllangan CD
• Voyager Golden Record

Adabiyotlar

Tashqi havolalar

• Yozuvlarning Internet muzeyi Sayt butunlay "g'alati, ammo haqiqiy qayd etilgan anomaliyalar" ga bag'ishlangan xitoylik muzlatilgan oziq-ovqat paketining qopqog'i, bu ham o'ynaladigan yozuv edi.
• Kempa.com saytidagi maqolalar "parallel oluklar", "vinil video" va "qulflangan oluklar"
• 45 adapter 45 RPM shpindel adapterining tarixiga oid qisqa maqola.
• Vinil Underground, rasmli disklar galereyasi va rangli vinil yozuvlar. Ko'rish uchun yuzlab disklar mavjud.