Brayan Eno - Brian Eno

Brayan Eno
RDI
Eno 2015 yil dekabrda
Eno 2015 yil dekabrda
Ma'lumotlar
Tug'ilgan kunning ismiBrayan Piter Jorj Eno
Tug'ilgan (1948-05-15) 1948 yil 15-may (72 yosh)
Melton, Suffolk, Angliya
Janrlar
Kasb (lar)
  • Ishlab chiqaruvchi
  • musiqachi
  • qo'shiq muallifi
  • rassom
  • ovoz dizayneri
Asboblar
  • Klaviaturalar
  • vokal
  • saksafon
  • gitara
  • bas gitara
Faol yillar1970 - hozirgi kunga qadar
Yorliqlar
Birlashtirilgan aktlar
Veb-saytbrian-eno.net

Brayan Piter Jorj Sent-Jon le Baptist de la Salle Eno RDI (/ˈiːnoʊ/; tug'ilgan Brayan Piter Jorj Eno, 1948 yil 15-may) - ingliz musiqachisi, prodyuser, vizual rassom va o'z faoliyati bilan tanilgan nazariyotchi atrof-muhit musiqasi va hissalari tosh, pop va elektronika.[1] O'zini "musiqachi emas" deb ta'riflagan Eno zamonaviy musiqaga o'ziga xos kontseptual yondashuvlarni va ovoz yozish texnikasini joriy etishga yordam berdi.[1][2] U biri sifatida tasvirlangan mashhur musiqa eng ta'sirchan va innovatsion raqamlar.[1][3]

Tug'ilgan Suffolk, Eno rasm chizishni o'rgangan va eksperimental musiqa 1960 yillarning o'rtalarida Ipsvich fuqarolik kollejining san'at maktabida, keyin esa Vinchester san'at maktabi. U qo'shildi glam rock guruh Roksi musiqasi kabi sintezator 1971 yilda guruhda ikkita albom yozgan, ammo 1973 yilda Roksi guruhi bilan ziddiyatlar ostida ketgan Bryan Ferry. Eno bilan boshlangan bir qator yakkaxon albomlarni yozib olishga kirishdi Mana, iliq samolyotlar (1974). 1970-yillarning o'rtalarida u a minimalist kabi nashrlarda yo'nalish Maxfiy musiqa (1975) va 1-muhit: Aeroportlar uchun musiqa (1978), ikkinchisi bilan "atrof-muhit musiqasi" atamasini yaratdi.

Yakkaxon ijodi bilan bir qatorda, Eno 1970-yillarda boshqa musiqachilar bilan tez-tez hamkorlik qilgan, shu jumladan Robert Fripp, Garmoniya, Klaster, Harold Budd, Devid Boui va Devid Byorn. Shuningdek, u o'zini izlanuvchi sifatida ko'rsatdi ishlab chiqaruvchi, tomonidan albomlar ustida ishlash Jon Kale, Jon Xassell, Laraaji, Gapiradigan boshlar, Ultravoks va Devo, shuningdek to'lqin yo'q jamlama Nyu-York yo'q (1978). Keyingi o'n yilliklarda Eno yakkaxon albomlarini yozishni va boshqa rassomlar uchun mahsulotlarni ishlab chiqarishni davom ettirdi U2 va Sovuq o'yin kabi rassomlar bilan ishlash bilan bir qatorda Daniel Lanois, Laurie Anderson, Greys Jons, Slowdive, Karl Xayd, Jeyms, Kevin Shilds va Damon Albarn.

Talaba bo'lgan davridan boshlab, Eno boshqa ommaviy axborot vositalarida, shu jumladan, ishlagan ovozli o'rnatish, film va yozuv. 1970-yillarning o'rtalarida u birgalikda rivojlandi Oblik strategiyalari, aforizmlarni o'z ichiga olgan pastki kartalar ijodiy fikrlash. 1970-yillardan boshlab Enoning installyatsiyalari yelkanlarini o'z ichiga olgan Sidney opera teatri 2009 yilda[4] va Lovell teleskopi da Jodrell banki 2016 yilda. Gumanitar sabablarning himoyachisi Eno turli mavzularda yozadi va tashkilotning asoschisi hisoblanadi. Long Now Foundation.[5] 2019 yilda Eno tarkibiga kiritildi Rok-Roll shon-sharaf zali Roxy Music a'zosi sifatida.[6]

Hayotning boshlang'ich davri

Eno 1948 yil 15-mayda Phyllis Memorial Hospital-da tug'ilgan Melton, Suffolk, katolik ota-onasining o'g'li Uilyam Arnold Eno (1916-1988),[7] pochta xizmatiga otasi va bobosiga ergashgan va uning belgiyalik rafiqasi Mariya Alphonsin Eno (nee Buslot; 1922–2005),[8] Uilyam xizmat paytida tanishgan Ikkinchi jahon urushi. Suffolkda qadimdan tashkil topgan g'ayrioddiy Eno familiyasi Frantsiyalik Gugenot bugungi Belgiyada Hainault familiyasi.[9] Mariya allaqachon qizi bo'lgan (Brayanning singlisi Rita) va Uilyam va Mariya birgalikda yana ikkita farzand ko'rishadi: Rojer (1959 yilda tug'ilgan) va Arlette (1961 yilda tug'ilgan).[10]

Eno o'qigan Sent-Jozef kolleji, Ipsvich tomonidan tashkil etilgan Birodarlar De La Salle katolik birodarlarning buyrug'i (u tasdiqlaganidan keyin u Aziz Jon le Baptiste de la Salle ismini olgan).[11] Keyinchalik, Eno o'qidi yangi ommaviy axborot vositalari rassom Roy Askott Ipsvich fuqarolik kollejidagi san'at maktabining boshlang'ich kursida Vinchester san'at maktabi, u 1969 yilda tugatgan.[12] Vinchester san'at maktabida Eno ma'ruzasida qatnashdi Pit Taunsend ning JSST (shuningdek, Roy Askottning sobiq talabasi) va ushbu ma'ruzani rasmiy musiqiy ma'lumotga ega bo'lmaganiga qaramay musiqa yaratishi mumkinligini anglagan payt sifatida keltiradi.[13]

Maktabda bo'lganida Eno a magnitafon musiqa asbobi sifatida[14] va uning birinchi, ba'zan bilan tajriba o'tkazdi doğaçlama, guruhlar. Sent-Jozef kollejining o'qituvchisi va rassomi Tom Fillips Eno bilan birga "fortepiano tennisi" ni eslab, uni rag'batlantirdi, unda pianinolarni yig'ib olgandan so'ng, ularni zalda echib, tekislashdi va ularni tennis to'plari bilan urishdi.[15] Ushbu hamkorlikdan u ishtirok etdi Kornelius Kardev "s Skretch orkestri.[16] Eno paydo bo'lgan birinchi chiqarilgan yozuv bu Deutsche Grammophon Cardew's nashri Buyuk o'rganish (1971 yil fevralda qayd etilgan), 7-bandning takrorlanishidagi ovozlardan biri sifatida Buyuk o'rganish.[17] Boshqa bir erta yozish bu edi Berlin oti soundtrack, Malkolm Le Gris tomonidan, to'qqiz daqiqali, 2 × 16 mm-ikki qavatli proektsiya, 1970 yilda chiqarilgan va 1971 yilda taqdim etilgan.[18][19]

Karyera

1970-yillar

Enoning professional musiqiy karerasi Londonda tashkil topgan (1971-1973) a'zosi bo'lganida boshlangan glam /art rock guruhi Roxy Music. Dastlab Eno o'zlarining jonli shoularida sahnaga chiqmagan, ammo uni boshqargan aralashtirish stoli, guruhning ovozini a bilan qayta ishlash VCS3 sintezator va magnitafon va qo'shiq aytish orqa vokal. Biroq, u oxir-oqibat sahnada guruhning ijrochi a'zosi sifatida paydo bo'ldi, odatda shafqatsizlarcha kiyinishdi. U guruhning ikkinchi albomi uchun reklama turini yakunlab, guruhni tark etdi, Sizning zavqingiz uchun, bosh qo'shiqchi bilan kelishmovchiliklar tufayli Bryan Ferry va rok-yulduz hayotidan zerikish.[20]

1992 yilda u Roxy Music-ni egallab turgan vaqtini karerasi uchun muhim deb ta'rifladi: «Metro stantsiyasiga kirish va [saksofonchi] bilan uchrashish natijasida Endi Makki ], Men Roxy Music-ga qo'shildim va natijada musiqada kareramga ega bo'ldim. Agar men platformada o'n metr narida yurganimda yoki o'sha poezdni o'tkazib yubormaganimda yoki keyingi vagonda bo'lganimda, ehtimol men endi san'at o'qituvchisi bo'lar edim ".[21] Roxy Music-da bo'lgan davrida va birinchi uchta yakka albomi uchun u yozuvlarga faqat "Eno" deb yozilgan.

Eno Gollandiya televideniyesida paydo bo'ldi (1974)

Eno deyarli darhol yakkaxon karerasini boshladi. 1973 yildan 1977 yilgacha u elektron shaklda to'rtta albom yaratdi badiiy pop:[22] Mana, iliq samolyotlar (1973), Yo'lbars tog'ini olish (strategiya bo'yicha) (1974), Yana bir Yashil dunyo (1975) va Ilmdan oldin va keyin (1977). Yo'lbars tog'i Eno-ning eng taniqli qo'shiqlaridan biri bo'lgan "Uchinchi amaki" qo'shig'ini o'z ichiga oladi, chunki qisman uni keyinchalik qamrab olgan. Bauhaus va 801. Tanqidchi Deyv Tompson bu qo'shiq "chalingan gitara va zarbli zarbning pank-hujumi," Uchinchi amaki "boshqa qo'llarda og'ir metall madhiyasi bo'lishi mumkin, garchi lirik mazmuni eng qulli havo gitarachisini til bilan bog'laydigan bo'lsa" deb yozadi.[23]

Ushbu to'rtta albom 2004 yilda qayta tiklangan va qayta nashr etilgan Bokira "s Astralwerks yorliq. Eno tomonidan asl materialdan qo'shimcha treklarni qo'shmaslik to'g'risida qaror qabul qilinganligi sababli, dastlab singl sifatida chiqarilgan bir nechta treklar qayta nashr etilmadi, shu qatorda unvonning nomi "King's Lead Hat" ning yagona aralashmasi. anagram ning "Gapiradigan boshlar "," Yetti halokatli fin "va" Arslon bugun tunda uxlaydi "filmlari tarkibiga kiritilgan o'chirildi Eno Box II: Vokal.

Ushbu davrda Eno ham uchta xurmo o'ynadi Fil Manzanera guruhda 801, a "super guruh "Eno, Manzanera va. albomlaridan ozmi-ko'pmi qayta ishlangan tanlovlarni ijro etdi Jim quyosh, shuningdek, qo'shiqlarining muqovalari Bitlz ("Ertaga hech qachon bilmaydi ") va burmalar ("Siz haqiqatan ham meni oldim ").

1967 yilda Eno a lentani kechiktirish tizim. Texnika ikkitadan iborat edi Revox magnitafonlarni yonma-yon o'rnatgan holda, birinchi plyonkadan tortib olingan lentani ikkinchi pog'onaga o'ralgan holda olib borish kerak. Bu birinchi qavatda yozib olingan ovozni ikki qavatli masofa va lenta tezligi (odatda bir necha soniya) bilan o'zgarib turadigan vaqtni kechiktirganda ikkinchi qavatda ijro etilishini ta'minladi. Bilan ishlash Robert Fripp (dan.) King Crimson ) juftlik ushbu tizimdan o'zaro hamkorlikda foydalangan (Pussyfooting yo'q) (1973).[24] Keyinchalik, Fripp ushbu usulni "Frippertronika 1975 yilda Fripp va Eno ikkinchi albomini chiqarishdi, Evening Star, va Evropada bir nechta jonli shoular o'ynadi.

Eno badiiy-klassik orkestrning taniqli a'zosi edi Portsmut Sinfoniya - ular bilan 1972 yilda klarnet o'ynashni boshladi. 1973 yilda u orkestrning birinchi albomini tayyorladi "Portsmut Sinfoniya" mashhur klassik asarlarini ijro etadi (1974 yil mart oyida chiqarilgan) va 1974 yilda u jonli albomni ishlab chiqardi Salom! Portsmut Sinfoniya Qirollik Albert zalida jonli efirda, ularning mashxur 1974 yil may oyida bo'lib o'tgan konsertining yozuvi (1974 yil oktyabrda chiqarilgan). Ikkala albomni ishlab chiqarishdan tashqari, Eno orkestrda ikkala yozuvda ham klarnetda ijro etgan. Eno, shuningdek, orkestrning taniqli dissonant torli qismini o'zining ikkinchi shaxsiy albomiga joylashtirdi Yo'lbars tog'ini olish (strategiya bo'yicha). Ayni paytda orkestr boshqa musiqachilarni ham o'z ichiga olgan edi, ularning yakka o'zi keyinchalik "Obscure" yorlig'i bilan chiqarishi kerak edi Geyvin Bryars va Maykl Nyman. O'sha yili u albom uchun musiqa ham yaratdi Lady Junening lingvistik moxovligi, bilan Kevin Ayers, shoirga hamrohlik qilish uchun Iyun Kempbell Kramer.

Atrof muhit musiqasi

Asosiy maqola: Atrof muhit musiqasi

Eno bir qator eklektik atrof-muhit elektron va akustik albomlarini chiqardi. U "atrof-muhit musiqasi" atamasini yaratdi,[25] tinglovchining atrofdagi muhit haqidagi tasavvurlarini o'zgartirish uchun mo'ljallangan. Ilova chizig'idagi yozuvlarda 1-muhit: Aeroportlar uchun musiqa, Eno shunday deb yozgan edi: "Atrof-muhit musiqasi, ayniqsa tinglovchilar e'tiborini o'ziga jalb qilmasdan, tinglovchilarning diqqat darajasini o'zlashtirishi kerak, u qiziq bo'lgani kabi johil bo'lishi kerak".[26]

1975 yil yanvar oyida Eno ko'chani kesib o'tayotganda taksiga urilib, bir necha hafta davomida uyda tiklandi. Uning sevgilisi unga arfa musiqasining eski yozuvini olib kelgan va u tinglash uchun yotardi. U kuchaytirgichni juda past hajmga qo'yganini tushundi va stereo kanalning bir kanali ishlamayapti, lekin o'rnidan turib uni tuzatish uchun kuch etishmadi. "Bu men uchun musiqani eshitishning yangi uslubini taqdim etdi - atrof-muhit muhitining bir qismi, xuddi yorug'lik va yomg'irning ovozi atrof-muhitning bir qismi bo'lganidek".[27]

Eno atrof-muhit musiqasining birinchi asari edi Maxfiy musiqa (1975), yana LP-ning orqa qopqog'ida diagramma bilan ishlangan lentani kechiktirish metodologiyasi bilan yaratilgan; bu janrning muhim albomi hisoblanadi. Buning ortidan uning o'zi ergashdi Atrof muhit seriya: Aeroportlar uchun musiqa (1-muhit), Oyna platolari (2-muhit) klaviaturada Harold Budd bilan, Nurlanish kuni (3-muhit) amerikalik bastakor bilan Laraaji zit va bolg'ali dulsimer o'ynash va Quruqlikda (4-muhit)).

1980-yillar

1980 yilda Eno film uchun filmni taqdim etdi Gerbert Veseli "s Egon Shele - Exzess va Bestrafung, shuningdek, nomi bilan tanilgan Egon Shele - Ortiqcha va jazo. Atrof-muhit stili tarixiy asar uchun g'ayrioddiy tanlov edi, ammo u filmdagi jinsiy obsesyon va o'lim mavzularida samarali ishladi.

Eno oldin Quruqlikda, Robert Kvin uni o'ynadi Maylz Devis ' "U Uni telbalarcha yaxshi ko'rardi "(1974). Eno uchun liner yozuvlarida aytilgan Quruqlikda, "Teo Macero-ning ushbu qismdagi inqilobiy surati men uchun" keng "sifatga o'xshab tuyuldi va Federiko Fellinining 1973 yildagi filmi singari Amarkord, bu men tez-tez qaytib keladigan toshga aylandi. "[28]

1980 yildan 1981 yilgacha, bu vaqt ichida Eno sayohat qilgan Gana G'arbiy Afrika musiqasi festivali uchun u hamkorlik qilgan Devid Byorn ning Gapiradigan boshlar. Ularning albomi Arvohlar butasida mening hayotim, yashagan paytida Eno to'plagan radioeshittirishlar atrofida qurilgan Qo'shma Shtatlar, asosan Afrika va. tomonidan ilhomlangan musiqa ustidan ko'chirilgan dunyo bo'ylab namunali musiqa yozuvlari bilan bir qatorda Yaqin Sharq ritmlar.

1983 yilda Eno akasi bilan hamkorlik qildi, Rojer Eno va Daniel Lanois albomda Apollon: Atmosferalar va musiqiy musiqalar filmi uchun Al Reinert tomonidan buyurtma qilingan Butun insoniyat uchun (1989).[29][30] Keyinchalik albomdagi treklar bir nechta boshqa filmlarda, shu jumladan, ishlatilgan Trainspotting.[31]

1990-yillar

1992 yil sentyabr oyida Eno ozodlikka chiqdi Asab tarmog'i, bir necha sobiq hamkasblar, shu jumladan Frippning hissalari bilan og'ir sinxronlashtirilgan ritmlardan foydalangan albom, Benmont Tench, Robert Kvin va Jon Pol Jons. Ushbu albom so'nggi daqiqada almashtirildi Mening jirkanch hayotim, tarkibida ko'proq pop yo'naltirilgan materiallar, vokalda Eno ishtirok etgan.[32] Dan bir nechta treklar Mening jirkanch hayotim keyinchalik 1993 yilgi retrospektiv quti to'plamida paydo bo'ldi Eno Box II: Vokal, va butun albom oxir-oqibat 2014 yilda kengaytirilgan qayta nashrining bir qismi sifatida chiqdi Asab tarmog'i. Eno ham ozod qilindi Shutov assambleyasi 1992 yilda 1985 yildan 1990 yilgacha yozilgan. Ushbu albom o'z ichiga oladi nomuvofiqlik ning odatiy tushunchalaridan voz kechadi rejimlar, tarozi va balandlik. Ga tomon doimiy tortishishdan ozod qilingan tonik bu G'arbni qo'llab-quvvatlaydi tonal an'ana, asta-sekin o'zgaruvchan musiqa dastlab har qanday an'anaviy asboblarni chetlab o'tdi, faqat ishlov berilgan klaviaturalardan tashqari.[33][tekshirib bo'lmadi ]

1990-yillarda Eno o'zini o'zi ishlab chiqaradigan musiqiy tizimlar bilan tobora ko'proq ish olib bordi, natijada u natijalarini chaqirdi generativ musiqa. Bu tinglovchiga ovozning deyarli cheksiz takrorlanmaydigan kombinatsiyalarida asta-sekin ochiladigan musiqani eshitish imkoniyatini beradi.[34] Umumiy musiqaning bir misolida Eno bitta asarning barcha imkoniyatlarini eshitish uchun deyarli 10 000 yil vaqt kerakligini hisoblab chiqdi. Eno bunga turli uzunlikdagi bir nechta mustaqil musiqiy treklarni aralashtirish orqali erishadi. Har bir trekda turli xil musiqiy elementlar va ba'zi hollarda sukunat mavjud. Har bir alohida trekni tugatgandan so'ng, u boshqa treklar bilan boshqacha tarzda qayta konfiguratsiyani boshlaydi. U ushbu musiqani o'zining badiiy va ovozli installyatsiyalarida va boshqa rassomlar bilan hamkorlikda, shu jumladan taqdim etdi Men Dormienti (Shpallar), Yengillik: Marmar saroyi uchun musiqa, Fuqarolik qutqarish markazi uchun musiqa, Tinch xona, va Praga uchun musiqa.[35]

1993 yilda Eno Manchester rok guruhi bilan ishlagan Jeyms ikkita albom ishlab chiqarish, Qo'ydi va Vah Vah. Qo'ydi 1993 yilda chiqarilgandan keyin Buyuk Britaniyada ham, Qo'shma Shtatlarda ham tanqidiy va tijorat muvaffaqiyatlari bilan kutib olindi. Vah Vah, taqqoslaganda, 1994 yilda chiqarilganidan keyin ancha iliqroq javob oldi.[36]

Enoning taniqli hamkorliklaridan biri bu a'zolari bilan bo'lgan U2, Luciano Pavarotti va "Yo'lovchilar" deb nomlangan guruhdagi boshqa bir nechta rassomlar. Ular 1995 yilgi albomni ishlab chiqdilar Original soundtracks 1, AQShda 76-raqamga erishdi Billboard grafikalar va № 12 Buyuk Britaniya albomlari jadvali. Unda bitta yozuv bor edi "Miss Sarayevo "deb nomlangan Buyuk Britaniyaning yakkaliklar jadvali.[37] Ushbu hamkorlik Eno kitobida qayd etilgan Shishgan qo'shimchalar bilan bir yil, 1996 yilda nashr etilgan kundalik.

1996 yilda Eno olti qismli fantastik teleserialni suratga oldi Hech qaerda.[38]

2000-yillar

2004 yilda Fripp va Eno yana bir musiqiy hamkorlik albomini yozdilar, Ekvatorial yulduzlar.

Eno 2005 yil iyun oyida qaytib keldi Yerdagi yana bir kun, uning birinchi yirik albomi Noto'g'ri yo'l (bilan Jon Kale ) vokalda taniqli xususiyatlarga ega bo'lish (u davom etgan tendentsiya) Bo'ladigan hamma narsa bugun sodir bo'ladi ). Albom o'zining 1970-yildagi yakka ishidan farq qiladi, chunki bu texnologik yutuqlarning musiqiy ishlab chiqarishga ta'siri, bu uning yarim elektron ishlab chiqarishida namoyon bo'ladi.

2006 yil boshida Eno yana nashr qilish uchun Devid Byorn bilan hamkorlik qildi Arvohlar butasida mening hayotim nufuzli albomning 25 yilligini nishonlashda. Albomga 1980/81 yillarda bo'lib o'tgan dastlabki mashg'ulotlar paytida yozilgan sakkizta trek qo'shildi.[39]Qayta chiqarilishi uchun g'ayrioddiy interaktiv marketing strategiyasi qo'llanildi, albomning reklama veb-sayti har kimda rasmiy va qonuniy ravishda yuklab olish imkoniyatiga ega ko'p treklar albomidagi ikkita qo'shiqning "A Secret Life" va "Help Me Somebody". Bu tinglovchilarga imkon berdi remiks va boshqalarning tinglashlari va baholashlari uchun ushbu treklarning yangi aralashmalarini veb-saytga yuklang.

Eno da Long Now Foundation, 2006 yil 26-iyun

2006 yil oxirida Eno ozodlikka chiqdi 77 million rasm, uy kompyuterlari uchun maxsus ishlab chiqariladigan video va musiqa dasturi. Sarlavhasidan ko'rinib turibdiki, 77 million rasmning kombinatsiyasi mavjud bo'lib, u erda tomoshabin dastur har safar ishga tushirilganda Eno tomonidan tayyorlangan turli xil video slaydlarni ko'radi. Xuddi shu tarzda, ilova qilingan musiqa dastur tomonidan yaratilgan bo'lib, tinglovchilar hech qachon bitta aranjirovkani ikki marta eshitmasligi aniq. "77 million rasm" ning ikkinchi nashri takomillashtirilgan morflash va yana ikkita qatlam tovushini o'z ichiga olgan holda 2008 yil 14 yanvarda chiqdi. 2007 yil iyun oyida, Yerba Buena san'at markazi, San-Fransisko, Kaliforniya, Annabet Robinson (AngryBeth Shortbread) qayta yaratildi 77 million rasm yilda Ikkinchi hayot.[40]

2007 yilda Enoning musiqasi a filmni moslashtirish ning Irvin Uels eng ko'p sotiladigan to'plam Ekstaz: Kimyoviy romantikaning uchta ertagi. U shuningdek, klaviatura o'ynab paydo bo'ldi Voila, Belinda Karlisl Yakkaxon albomi to'liq frantsuz tilida kuylangan.

Shuningdek, 2007 yilda Eno "Grafton Street" nomli kompozitsiyani taqdim etdi Didoning uchinchi albom, Uyga xavfsiz sayohat, 2008 yil noyabr oyida chiqarilgan.[41]

2008 yilda u ozod bo'ldi Bo'ladigan hamma narsa bugun sodir bo'ladi Devid Byorn bilan video o'yin uchun ovozni ishlab chiqdi Sport[42] va bob yozdi Unbound Sound: Raqamli musiqa va madaniyat namunalari, Pol D. Miller (a.k.a.) tomonidan tahrirlangan DJ Spooky ).

2009 yil iyun oyida Eno "Yorug'lik festivali" ni o'tkazdi Sidney opera teatri, uning ko'p yillardagi birinchi jonli ko'rinishi bilan yakunlandi. "Sof Scenius" shu kuni uchta jonli improvizatsiya qilingan spektakldan iborat bo'lib, unda Eno, avstraliyalik improvizatsiya triosi ishtirok etdi. Bo'yinlar, Karl Xayd dan Dunyo olami, elektron rassom Jon Xopkins va gitarist Leo Abrahams.

Eno musiqani ijro etdi Piter Jekson filmning moslashuvi Yoqimli suyaklar, 2009 yil dekabrda chiqarilgan.[43]

2010 yil

MoogFest 2011-dagi Eno

Eno yana bir yakkaxon albomini chiqardi Çözgü 2010 yil oxirida. Sut dengizidagi kichik hunarmandchilik, uzoq vaqt davomida hamkorlik qilgan Leo Abrahams va Jon Xopkins bilan hamkorlikda, 2-noyabr kuni AQShda va 15-noyabrda Buyuk Britaniyada chiqdi.[44] Albom beshta kompozitsiyani o'z ichiga olgan [45] bu Eno yozgan treklarning moslashuvi edi Yoqimli suyaklar.[46]

Eno shuningdek, orqa vokalni kuyladi Anna Kalvi debyut albomi, "Desire" va "Suzanne & I" qo'shiqlarida.[47] Keyinchalik u ozod qilindi Qo'ng'iroqlar orasidagi davullar,[48] shoir bilan hamkorlik Rik Holland, 2011 yil 4-iyulda.

2012 yil noyabr oyida Eno chiqdi Lyuks, Warp orqali to'rt qismdan iborat 76 daqiqali kompozitsiya.[49]

Eno frantsuz-jazoir bilan ishlagan Raï ashulachi Rachid Taha Tahanikida Tekitoi (2004) va Kattalashtirish (2013) perkussiya, bass, guruch va vokalga hissa qo'shadigan albomlar. Eno, shuningdek, Taha bilan birga ijro etdi Urush koalitsiyasini to'xtatish 2005 yilda Londonda kontsert.[50]

2014 yil aprel oyida Eno qo'shiq kuyladi, hammualliflik qildi va hammualliflik qildi Damon Albarnniki Sevgining og'ir dengizlari, uning yakka debyut albomidan Kundalik robotlar.[51]

2014 yil may oyida Eno va Underworld-ning Karl Hyde filmlari chiqdi Bir kun dunyo, turli xil mehmon musiqachilar ishtirokida: Coldplay's-dan Villi chempion va Roxy Music's Endi Makki Eno bilan rekord yaratishda yordam bergan 22 yoshli Fred Gibson kabi yangi ismlarga.[52] Ushbu nashrdan bir necha hafta o'tgach, ikkinchi to'liq metrajli albom nomi e'lon qilindi Oliy hayot. Bu 2014 yil 30-iyun kuni chiqarilgan.[53]

2016 yil yanvar oyida, Eno atrof-muhitining yangi soundscape premyerasi bo'lib o'tdi Maykl Benson London Tabiat tarixi muzeyining Jerwood galereyasida "Otherworlds" sayyora fotosuratlari ko'rgazmasi. Eno bayonotida yarim soatlik ismi sharhlanmagan sharhni quyidagicha izohladi:

"Biz kosmosni bevosita boshdan kechira olmaymiz; u erda bo'lganlar ozgina xavfli pillalarni ichida qilganlar. Ular sukutda suzib yurishadi, chunki kosmosda havo yo'q, tebranadigan narsa yo'q va shuning uchun ham ovoz yo'q. Shunga qaramay biz qarshilik ko'rsata olmaymiz. kosmosni sonik tajriba sifatida tasavvur qilish, u haqidagi his-tuyg'ularimizni musiqaga aylantirish. O'tmishda biz koinotni mukammal, ilohiy ijod sifatida ko'rdik - mantiqiy, cheklangan, deterministik - va bizning san'atimiz buni aks ettirdi. Buning o'rniga kosmik asrning kashfiyotlari aniqlandi doimiy ravishda o'zgarib turadigan xaotik, beqaror va jonli haqiqat, bu musiqa ushbu yangi tushunchani aks ettirishga harakat qiladi. "

Kema, Enoning shu nomdagi installyatsiyasidagi musiqiy albom 2016 yil 29 aprelda chiqdi Çözgü.[54]

2016 yil sentyabr oyida Portugaliyaning sintpop guruhi Sovg'a, bitta nomli chiqardi Skripkasiz sevgi. Trekda qo'shiq aytish bilan bir qatorda Eno hammualliflik qilgan va ishlab chiqargan. Singl 30 sentyabr kuni guruhning o'zlarining "La Folie Records" yozuvlar albomida chiqdi.[55]

Eno Ko'zgu, atrof-muhitga oid, generativ musiqa albomi 1-yanvar kuni Warp Records-da chiqarildi. 2017. Bu 2018-yil 60-chi uchun Grammy mukofotiga nomzod bo'lgan. Grammy mukofotlarini topshirish marosimi.[56][57]

2019 yilda Eno Rossiyaning kinorejissyori Ilya Xrjanovskiyning Sovet avtoritar boshqaruvi ostida hayotni uyg'otadigan DAU - Parijdagi immersiv badiiy va madaniy installyatsiyasida qatnashdi. Eno oltita eshitish muhitini yaratdi.[58]

2020 yil

2020 yil mart oyida Eno va uning ukasi, Rojer Eno, hamkorlikdagi albomini chiqardi Ranglarni aralashtirish.[59]

Rekord ishlab chiqaruvchi

Yakkaxon karerasining boshidan 1973 yilda Eno rekord prodyuser sifatida talabga ega edi. Eno bilan prodyuser sifatida tan olingan birinchi albom Baxtli Leyf va uzoq umrlar tomonidan Robert Kalvert. Eno-ning prodyuserlik kreditlari qatoriga albomlar kiradi Gapiradigan boshlar, U2, Devo, Ultravoks va Jeyms. Shuningdek, u 1993 yilgi albomning bir qismini ishlab chiqardi Men bola bo'lganimda tomonidan Jeyn Sibir. U 1994 va 1996 yillarda eng yaxshi prodyuser mukofotiga sazovor bo'ldi BRIT mukofotlari.

Eno o'zini "nooziq-musiqachi" deb ta'riflaydi, "muolajalar" atamasidan foydalanib, musiqiy asboblar tovushini o'zgartirganligini va o'z rolini an'anaviy cholg'u asbobining rolidan ajratib turadi. "Studiya kompozitsion vosita" dan foydalanish bo'yicha mahorati[60] (Enoning esse sarlavhasi) qisman uning prodyuserlik martabasiga olib keldi. Uning usullari o'sha paytda (70-yillarning o'rtalari) noyob deb tan olingan, shuning uchun ham shunday Ibtido Qo'zi Brodveyda yotadi, u "Enossification" deb hisoblanadi; kuni Robert Vayt "s Rut Richarddan begona bilan To'g'ridan-to'g'ri anti-jazz raygun va boshqalar Jon Kale "s Orol oddiygina "Eno" deb nomlangan albomlar.

Eno rassomlarning yozuvlariga turli xil hissa qo'shdi Niko, Robert Kalvert, Ibtido, Devid Boui va Zvuki Mu, uning studiyasi / sintezatori / elektron muolajalari, vokal, gitara, bas gitara va shunchaki 'Eno' kabi foydalanish kabi turli xil imkoniyatlarda. 1984 yilda u (boshqalar qatori) uchun "Bashorat mavzusi" ni yaratdi va ijro etdi Devid Linch film Dune; qolganlari soundtrack guruh tomonidan tuzilgan va ijro etilgan Toto. Eno ijrochi rassomni ishlab chiqardi Laurie Anderson "s Yorqin qizil albomi va shu uchun yaratilgan. Asar avangard so'zlar, hayratga soluvchi va kattalashtiruvchi tovushlar bilan. Eno Devid Byornning musiqiy partiyasida o'ynagan Ketrin g'ildiragi, tomonidan buyurtma qilingan loyiha Twyla Tharp uning shu nomdagi Broadway raqs loyihasiga hamrohlik qilish.

U Bowie bilan 1977-79 yillardagi "Berlin trilogiyasi" nufuzli albomlarida yozuvchi va musiqachi sifatida ishlagan, Kam, "Qahramonlar" va Lodger, Bowining keyingi albomida Tashqarida va qo'shiqda "Men amerikaliklardan qo'rqaman "Frantsiya va Germaniyada yozilgan, kosmik effektlar Kam asosan portativ o'ynagan Eno tomonidan yaratilgan EMS Synthi A sintezator. Ishlab chiqaruvchi Toni Viskonti ishlatilgan Eventide Harmonizer barabanlarning ovozini o'zgartirish, audio protsessor "vaqt matoni bilan f" deb da'vo qilmoqda.[61] Keyin Bou vafot etdi 2016 yil boshida Eno Boui bilan birga olish to'g'risida suhbatlashayotganini aytdi Tashqarida, birgalikda ishlagan so'nggi albomi "yangi joyda" va loyihani davom ettira olmasliklaridan afsuslanishlarini bildirishdi.[62]

Eno birgalikda ishlab chiqarilgan Unutilmas olov (1984), Joshua daraxti (1987), Achtung chaqalog'i (1991) va Siz qoldirolmaydigan barcha narsalar (2000) U2 uchun o'zining tez-tez hamkori bilan Daniel Lanois, va 1993 yil ishlab chiqarilgan Zooropa bilan Ellisni "toshqin" deb belgilang. 1995 yilda U2 va Eno birlashib, albomni yaratdilar Original soundtracks 1 yo'lovchilar guruhi nomi ostida; qo'shiqlari "Sizning ko'k xonangiz "va"Miss Sarayevo ". Garchi har bir qo'shiq uchun filmlar sanab o'tilgan va tavsiflangan bo'lsa ham, uchtasidan tashqari barchasi soxta. Eno ham prodyuserlik qilgan Qo'ydi (1993), Vah Vah (1994) Millionerlar (1999) va Siz bilan tanishgandan hursand (2001) uchun Jeyms, to'rttasida ham qo'shimcha musiqachi sifatida ijro etish. U 1997 yilgi albomidagi "tez-tez aralashish va vaqti-vaqti bilan birgalikda prodyuserlik qilgani" uchun e'tirof etilgan Whiplash.

Eno 1986 yilgi albomda o'ynagan O'lchov uchun o'lchov Avstraliya guruhi tomonidan Muzxona. U ikkita trekni remiks qildi Depeche rejimi, "Sizni sezyapman "va"Sizning xonangizda ", albomdan ikkala bitta nashr Iymon va sadoqat qo'shiqlari 1993 yilda. 1995 yilda Eno "ning bir nechta remikslaridan birini taqdim etdi.Himoya "tomonidan Katta hujum (dastlab ulardan Himoya albom) singl sifatida chiqarish uchun.

2007 yilda u tomonidan to'rtinchi studiya albomi ishlab chiqarildi Sovuq o'yin, Viva la Vida yoki O'lim va uning barcha do'stlari, 2008 yilda chiqarilgan. Shuningdek, 2008 yilda u bilan ishlagan Greys Jons uning albomida Bo'ron, "ishlab chiqarish bo'yicha konsultatsiya" uchun va guruh a'zosi sifatida, klaviatura, muolajalar va fon vokallarini ijro etgan. U tomonidan o'n ikkinchi studiya albomi ustida ishlagan U2, yana Lanois bilan, sarlavhali Ufqda chiziq yo‘q. Marokashda, Frantsiyaning janubida va Dublin va 2009 yil 27 fevralda Evropada chiqarildi.

2011 yilda Eno va Coldplay birlashdilar va Eno "zaharlanish" va Coldplayning beshinchi studiya albomiga qo'shimcha kompozitsiya qo'shdi. Mylo Xyloto, o'sha yilning 24 oktyabrida chiqarilgan.

Enoning boshqa ilg'or rok musiqa san'atkorlari bilan aloqalari

Microsoft Sound

1994 yilda, Microsoft dizaynerlar Mark Malamud va Erik Gavriluk Enoga musiqa yaratish uchun murojaat qildi Windows 95 loyiha.[63] Natijada olti soniya bo'ldi ish boshlash Windows 95-ning musiqiy-ovozi operatsion tizim, "Microsoft Sound". Bilan intervyuda Joel Selvin ichida San-Fransisko xronikasi u aytdi:

Bu g'oya men g'oyalardan butunlay mahrum bo'lganimda paydo bo'ldi. Men bir muncha vaqt o'z musiqam ustida ishlagan edim va aslida adashgan edim. Va men kimdir kelib: "Mana aniq bir muammo - buni hal qiling", deb aytganini juda qadrladim.

Agentlikning "Biz ilhom beradigan, universal, bla-bla, da-da-da, nekbin, futuristik, sentimental, hissiyotga ega bo'lgan musiqa asarini istaymiz" degan so'zlari, bu sifatlarning butun ro'yxati, so'ngra pastki qismida. "dedi va shunday bo'lishi kerak3 1⁄4 soniya uzoq. "[† 1]

Men bu juda kulgili va hayratlanarli fikr, aslida kichik musiqa asarini yaratishga urinish deb o'ylardim. Bu kichkina kichkina marvaridni yasashga o'xshaydi.

Aslida men sakson to'rt dona buyum yasadim. Men bu mayda, mayda mayda musiqa dunyosiga to'la kirib oldim. Buning oxirida mikrosaniyalarga shunchalik sezgir edimki, bu o'z ishimdagi logjamni buzdi. Keyin tugatgandan so'ng, uch minut uzunlikdagi qismlar bilan ishlashga qaytdim, bu vaqt okeanlari kabi tuyuldi.[64]

Eno ovozning tarkibiga qo'shimcha yoritib berdi BBC radiosi 4 ko'rsatish Qiziqish muzeyi, uni a yordamida yaratganligini tan olib Macintosh kompyuter, "Men buni Mac-da yozganman. Hech qachon ishlatmaganman Kompyuter hayotimda; Menga yoqmaydi ".[65]

Video ishi

Eno yorug'lik bilan ishlashga o'xshash tarzda yorug'likni o'rganishga bo'lgan qiziqish haqida erta va doimiy ravishda gapirdi. U 1978 yilda video vositasi bilan tajriba o'tkazishni boshladi. Eno dastlab olingan videokamerani tasvirlab berdi, u dastlab atrofdagi video va yorug'lik moslamalarini yaratish uchun uning asosiy vositasiga aylanadi:

"Bir kuni tushdan keyin men studiyada ishlayotgan edim Gapiradigan boshlar, roadi Chet ellik, qo'shni studiyada ishlayotgan, ichkariga kirib, kimdir video uskunalar sotib olishni xohlayaptimi, deb so'radi. Men hech qachon video haqida juda ko'p o'ylamagan edim va aksariyat "video art" larni umuman unutilmas deb bilardim, lekin aslida videokameraga ega bo'lish istiqboli o'sha paytda juda ekzotik edi. "[66]

The Panasonic sanoat kamerasi Eno qabul qildi dizayndagi kamchiliklar kamerani shtativning yordamisiz tik o'tirishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik. Bu uning asarlarini vertikal shaklda suratga olishga olib keldi va televizorni kerakli yo'nalishda ko'rish uchun uni yon tomonga burib qo'yishni talab qildi.[67] Eno ushbu usul bilan ishlab chiqarilgan O'rta asr Manxettenning xato xotiralari (1980) va Payshanba kuni tushdan keyin (1984) (shu nomdagi albom bilan birga), "Video rasmlar" deb nomlangan. U NME musiqiy jurnalida janr nomini quyidagicha izohladi:

"Videodan foydalanishning boshqa usulini topganimdan juda xursand bo'ldim, chunki nihoyat bu erda boshqa manbadan olingan rasm, ya'ni rasm chizish ... Men ularni" video rasmlar "deb nomlayman, chunki agar siz odamlarga" men video qilaman "desangiz, ular o'ylashadi Stingning yangi rok-videosi yoki juda zerikarli, xiralashgan "Video Art". Bu shunchaki "Men juda tez harakat qilmaydigan videolarni tayyorlayman" deyishning bir usuli.[68]

Ushbu asarlar Enoga atrofdagi estetikani vizual shaklga etkazish imkoniyatini taqdim etdi, videoni oddiy televizion tajribada bo'lmagan narsalarni ishlab chiqarish uchun ishlatadi. Uning video asarlari butun dunyo bo'ylab Nyu-York va Tokiodagi ko'rgazmalarda namoyish etildi, shuningdek 2005 yilda 14 ta video rasmlar to'plamida nashr etildi.[69]

Eno 80-, 90- va 2000-yillarda o'z video eksperimentlarini davom ettirdi, bu esa televizorni yorug'lik manbai sifatida keyingi eksperimentlarga olib keldi va o'zining generativ asarlari haqida ma'lumot berdi. 77 million rasm 2006 yilda.[70]

Generativ musiqa

Eno misolini keltiradi shamol chillari. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, ushbu tizimlar va ularni yaratish uning talabalik paytidan e'tiborida bo'lgan: "Men musiqa g'oyasi bilan qiziqib qoldim, ma'lum ma'noda, 1960 yillarning o'rtalarida, birinchi marta eshitganimda kabi kompozitorlar Terri Rayli va birinchi marta magnitafon bilan o'ynashni boshlaganimda. "[71]

Dastlab Eno yaratish uchun lenta ko'chadan bilan tajriba boshladi generativ musiqa tizimlar. CD paydo bo'lishi bilan u tasodifiy ijro etish paytida musiqiy jihatdan birgalikda ishlashi uchun maxsus yozib olgan bir nechta material disklari yordamida noma'lum muddatdagi musiqani yaratish tizimlarini ishlab chiqdi.

1995 yilda u Intermorphic kompaniyasi bilan dasturlashtirilgan algoritmlardan foydalangan holda generativ musiqa yaratish bo'yicha ish boshladi. Intermorphic bilan hamkorlik Eno-ni ozod qilishga olib keldi Generative Music 1 - bu Intermorphic-ni talab qiladi Koan o'yinchisi kompyuter uchun dasturiy ta'minot. Koan dasturiy ta'minoti generativ musiqani birinchi marta uy sharoitida boshdan kechirishga imkon berdi.

Generative Music 1

1996 yilda Eno SSEYO-ni ishlab chiqishda hamkorlik qildi Koan u yaratishda foydalangan generativ musiqiy dasturiy ta'minot tizimi (Pit Koul va Timmul Intermorphic tomonidan) Generative Music 1- faqat Koan generativ musiqa tizimida ijro etilishi mumkin. Koan dasturidan foydalangan holda keyingi musiqiy nashrlarga quyidagilar kiradi: Adash (2001) va Qorong'u simfoniya (2007) - ikkalasi ham Eno va boshqa rassomlarning (shu jumladan SSEYO Tim Tim) asarlarini o'z ichiga oladi.

Chiqarilgan parchalar

Eno 1975 yilda albom bilan o'zining "generativ musiqa" tizimidagi natijalarning parchalarini chiqara boshladi Maxfiy musiqa. Keyin yana 1978 yilda Aeroportlar uchun musiqa:

Aeroportlar uchun musiqa, u erda joylashgan qismlardan kamida bittasi, strukturaviy jihatdan juda sodda. U erda uchta ayol va mening o'zim tomonidan kuylangan notalar mavjud. Notalarning biri har 23 1/2 soniyada takrorlanadi. Bu aslida Konni Plankning studiyasidagi bir qator quvurli alyuminiy stullar atrofida joylashgan [yozilgan lenta] ilmoqdir. Keyingi eng past tsikl har 25 7/8 soniyada takrorlanadi yoki shunga o'xshash narsa. Uchinchisi har 29 15/16 soniyada yoki shunga o'xshash. Demoqchimanki, ularning barchasi beqiyos deb ataladigan tsikllarda takrorlanadi - ular yana sinxronlashga qaytish ehtimoli yo'q. Shunday qilib, bu vaqt ichida harakatlanadigan qism. Albatta, sizning tajribangiz bu bir lahzalik vaqt. Shunday qilib, asar davom etar ekan, siz eshitgan narsalar - bu oltita asosiy elementlarning turli xil klasterlari va konfiguratsiyalari. Ushbu qismdagi asosiy elementlar hech qachon o'zgarmaydi. Ular bir xil bo'lib qoladilar. Ammo asar juda xilma-xil bo'lib ko'rinadi. Aslida bu yozuvda taxminan sakkiz daqiqa vaqt bor, lekin menda uni tinglaydigan do'stlarni tug'diradigan o'ttiz daqiqali versiyam bor edi. Shunga o'xshash buyumlar, albatta, agar ular jalb qilingan raqamlar etarlicha murakkab bo'lsa, ular aslida deyarli cheksiz uzunlikda bo'lishadi. Ular shunchaki qayta konfiguratsiya qilishmaydi. Bu ma'lum ma'noda bepul musiqa. Shunday qilib, muhim bo'lgan mulohazalar tizimning qanday ishlashi va tizimga kiradigan narsalardan eng muhimi, savollarga aylanadi.

— Brayan Eno, Generative Music: San-Frantsiskoda bo'lib o'tgan nutq, 1996 yil 8 iyun[72]

Quyidagi ro'yxat Eno-ning ba'zi musiqiy kashfiyotlaridan parchalar o'z ichiga olgan albomlar, musiqiy treklar va yuklab olinadigan fayllardan iborat:

  • 1970 yil - Berlin oti [Qisqa film]
  • 1975 yil - aqlli musiqa
  • 1975 yil - oqshom yulduzi (Fripp va Eno)
  • 1978 yil - 1-muhit: aeroportlar uchun musiqa
  • 1981 yil - O'rta asr Manxettenning xato xotiralari [O'rnatish videosi]
  • 1982 yil - 4-muhit: Quruqlikda
  • 1983 yil - Apollon: Atmosferalar va musiqiy musiqalar (Eno, Lanois va R Eno)
  • 1983 yil - Filmlar uchun musiqa II (Eno, Lanois va R Eno) ["orqaga qarab ishlash" qutisi to'plamidan tashqari]
  • 1984 yil - payshanba kuni tushdan keyin [O'rnatish videosi]
  • 1985 yil - payshanba kuni tushdan keyin
  • 1988 yil - Filmlar uchun musiqa III (turli rassomlar)
  • 1989 yil - To'qimalar (Eno, Lanois & R Eno)
  • 1989 yil - Butun insoniyat uchun [Hujjatli soundtrack]
  • 1992 yil - Shutov yig'ilishi
  • 1993 yil - Neroli (Tafakkur musiqasi IV qism)
  • 1994 yil - Glitterbug [Original Soundtrack]
  • 1996 yil - Hech qaerda [BBC TV Mini-Series Soundtrack]
  • 1997 yil - Contra 1.2
  • 1997 yil - engillik
  • 1998 yil - Praga uchun musiqa
  • 1999 yil - men Dormienti
  • 1999 yil - Kite Stories
  • 2000 - Fuqarolik qutqarish markazi uchun musiqa
  • 2001 yil - ixcham o'rmon taklifi
  • 2003 yil - Qiziqishlar - I jild
  • 2004 yil - Qiziqishlar - II jild
  • 2012 yil - lyuks
  • 2013 - CAM [Veb - 'Brian Eno: Visual Music' kitobida yuklab olish kodi mavjud]
  • 2014 yil - Shutov bonusli material ['Shutov assambleyasi' bonusli kompakt-disk]
  • 2014 yil - New Space Music ['Neroli' Bonus CD]
  • 2016 yil - kema
  • 2016 yil - aks ettirish
  • 2017 yil - Opa-singillar [Veb yuklab olish]
  • 2018 - O'rnatish uchun musiqa [Box Set][73]

Bir nechta chiqarilgan parchalar (yuqorida sanab o'tilgan) badiiy installyatsiyalar uchun yaratilgan Eno musiqiy asarlari sifatida yaratilgan yoki ularning hosilalari hisoblanadi. Eng muhimi Shutov assambleyasi (ko'rinish Albom manbalarining buzilishi ), Qarama-qarshilik 1.2 orqali Ixcham o'rmon taklifi, Lyuks, CAMva Kema.

O'rnatish

Eno 1979 yildan buyon butun dunyo bo'ylab namoyish etilgan badiiy asarlar va tovushlarni birlashtirgan installyatsiyalar yaratdi, 2-Beshinchi avenyu va Oq panjara bilan oshxona markazida, Nyu-York, Nyu-York.[74] Odatda Eno-ning o'rnatmalari yorug'likni ko'p ekranli konfiguratsiyalarda o'rganilgan vosita sifatida va o'zi va uning atrofidagi chegaralarni buzish uchun yaratilgan musiqa bilan ta'minlaydi:

"Musiqachi va tomoshabin o'rtasida qanday farq bor bo'lsa," musiqa "va" shovqin "ham keskin farqlanadi. Menga bu farqlarni xiralashtirish yoqadi - ufqqa chiqish yo'lida barcha murakkab tovushlar bilan ishlashni yaxshi ko'raman. , London shovqiniga o'xshash toza shovqinga ". [75] Har bir o'rnatishda Eno musiqasi va badiiy asarlari tashrif buyuruvchilarning jozibali, immersiv muhitda makon va vaqt haqidagi tasavvurlarini so'roq qiladi.[76][77]

Magnitafonlarni g'altakka aylantirish uchun g'ildirakdan foydalangan holda san'at talabasi sifatida ovoz bilan tajribalaridan beri,[78] - va yorug'lik muhitini ishlatadigan san'atda,[79] Eno texnologiyada erishilgan yutuqlardan foydalanib, "yakuniy ob'ektlar emas, balki jarayonlar" ni ishlab chiqardi, o'z-o'zidan "hislaringizni qo'zg'atishi" kerak bo'lgan "jozibador" bo'lishi kerak bo'lgan jarayonlar.[80] Harakatlantirilgandan so'ng, bu jarayonlar Eno, rassom tasavvur qila olmagan, tugashi mumkin bo'lgan va doimiy, takrorlanmaydigan musiqa va badiiy asarlar yaratadi;[81] va ular bilan u o'z o'rnatmalarining asta-sekin ochiladigan muhitini yaratadi.

Devid A. Ross 1981 yilda Matritsa 44-ga yozib qo'ygan dasturida shunday deb yozadi: "1979 yilda birinchi marta namoyish etilgan rassomlar tomonidan yaratilgan video-installyatsiyalarda Eno atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish tushunchasini o'rganib chiqdi. Eno o'zini tutishni boshqarish uchun antitetik bo'lgan musiqa va videofilmlardan foydalanishni taklif qiladi. - "Muzak" tomoshabinni ishchi kuchining samaradorligi uchun operativ konditsioner sifatida xizmat qilish o'rniga, meditatsion, ajralib turadigan holatga kirishga undashi va taklif qilishi bilan yo'naltirilgan, uning asosiy strategiyasi tabiiy va xilma-xillik darajasini ta'minlaydigan asarlar yaratishdir. tabiiy muhitning taqlid qilish xususiyatlariga emas, balki diqqat e'tiborini jalb qiling. Eno Matissening uning san'ati charchagan biznesmen uchun kreslo bo'lib xizmat qilish istagini takrorlaydi. "[82]

Dastlabki installyatsiyalar Eno-ni televizor ekranini monitor sifatida ishlatishga ilhomlantirgan va unga deyarli sezilmaydigan o'zgarish tezligi bilan rivojlanayotgan tasvirlarni yaratish uchun televizorga xos bo'lgan tezkor rivoyatlarning aksi bilan tajriba o'tkazishga imkon bergan video texnologiyasidagi yutuqlardan foydalangan. "2 Fifth Avenue", ("Musiqa uchun aeroportlar musiqasi qo'shilgan to'rtta ekranli installyatsiya") Eno xonadonning derazasidan ko'rinishni "... aralashuvisiz" yozib olish natijasida "kameraning oldida turgan narsalarni" yozib oldi " Belgilanmagan vaqt davomida ... Eksperimental post ishlab chiqarishning sodda, ammo qo'pol shaklida, ish ko'rsatilgan monitorlarning ranglarini boshqarish moslamalari rasmni yuvish uchun o'rnatilib, yuqori kontrastli qora va oq tasvir paydo bo'ldi. qaysi rang faqat eng qorong'i joylarda paydo bo'lgan ... "Eno rangni bo'yash kabi manipulyatsiya qildi va:" video men uchun nurni sozlashning bir usuli, xuddi rasm - bo'yoqni sozlash usuli. ""[83]

Dastlab Enoning video asarlari "kinoga qaraganda ko'proq rasm sohasida bo'lgan".[84] Muallif va rassom Jon Kultart musiqasini o'zida mujassam etgan O'rta asr Manxettenning xato xatiralari (1980–81) deb nomlangan 4-muhit: Quruqlikda, "Birinchi atrof-muhit filmi". U quyidagicha tushuntiradi: "Eno 1980–81 yillarda o'zining o'n uchinchi qavatidagi kvartirasidan Nyu-York va uning o'zgaruvchan bulutli manzarasini bir nechta statik ko'rinishini suratga oldi. Past darajadagi uskunalar ... tasvirlarga xira, taassurot qoldiruvchi sifat beradi. tripod meant filming with the camera lying on its side so the tape had to be re-viewed with a television monitor also turned on its side."[85] And turning the TV on its side, says David A. Ross, "recontextualize[d] the television set, and ... subliminally shift[ed] the way the video image represents recognizable realities ... Natural phenomena like rain look quite different in this orientation; less familiar but curiously more real." [86]

Thursday Afternoon was a return to using figurative form, for Eno had by now begun "to think that I could use my TVs as light sources rather than as image sources. ... TV was actually the most controllable light source that had ever been invented – because you could precisely specify the movement and behaviour of several million points of coloured light on a surface. The fact that this prodigious possibility had almost exclusively been used to reproduce figurative images in the service of narratives pointed to evolution of the medium from the theatre and cinema. What I thought was that this machine, which pumped out highly controllable light, was actually the first synthesizer, and that its use as an imager-retailer represented a subset of its possible range." [87]

Turning the TV on its back, Eno played video colour fields of differing lengths of time that would slowly re-combine in different configurations. Placing ziggurats (3 dimensional constructions) of different lengths and sizes on top of the screens that defined each separate colour field, these served to project the internal light source upward. "The light from it was tangible as though caught in a cloud of vapour. Its slowly changing hues and striking colour collisions were addictive. We sat watching for ages, transfixed by this totally new experience of light as a physical presence."[88]

Calling these light sculptures Crystals (first shown in Boston in 1983), Eno further developed them for the Pictures of Venice exhibition at Gabriella Cardazzo's Cavallino Gallery (Venice,1985). Placing plexiglass on top of the structures he found that these further diffused the light so the shapes outlined through this surface appeared to be described differently in the slowly changing fields of light.[89]

By positioning sound sources in different places and different heights in the exhibition room Eno intended that the music would be something listened to from the inside rather than the outside. Uchun I Dormienti show in 1999 that featured sculptures of sleeping figures by Mimmo Paladino in the middle of the circular room, Eno placed speakers in each of the 12 tunnels running from it.

Envisioning the speakers themselves as instruments, led to Eno's 'speaker flowers' becoming a feature of many installations, including at the Museo dell' Ara Pacis (Rome, 2008), again with Mimmo Paladino and 'Speaker Flowers and Lightboxes' at Kastello Svevo in Trani (Italy 2017). Re-imagining the speaker as a flower with a voice that could be heard as it moved in the breeze, he made 'bunches' of them, "sculptural objects [that] ... consist of tiny chassis speakers attached to tall metal stands that sway in response to the sound they emit."[90] The first version of these were shown at the Stedelijk muzeyi yilda Amsterdam (1984).

Beri On Land (1982), Eno has sought to blur the boundaries between music and non-music and incorporates environmental sounds into his work. He treats synthesised and recorded sounds for specific effects.[91]

In the antithesis of 20th century shock art, Eno's works create environments that are: "Envisioned as extensions of everyday life while offering a refuge from its stresses."[92] Creating a space to reflect was a stated aim in Eno's Quiet Club series of installations that have shown across the world, and include Fuqarolik qutqarish markazi uchun musiqa da Devid Tup curated Sonic Boom festival at the Xeyvord galereyasi 2000 yilda.

The Quiet Club series (1986-2001) grew from Eno's site-specific installations that included the Place series (1985-1989). These also featured light sculptures and audio with the addition of conventional materials, such as "tree trunks, fish bowls, ladders, rocks". Eno used these in unconventional ways to create new and unexpected experiences and modes of engagements, offering an extension of and refuge from, everyday life.[93]

The continually flowing non-repeating music and art of Eno's installations mitigate against odatlanish to the work and maintain the visitors' engagement with it. "One of the things I enjoy about my shows is...lots of people sitting quietly watching something that has no story, few recognisable images and changes very slowly. It's somewhere between the experience of painting, cinema, music and meditation...I dispute the assumption that everyone's attention span is getting shorter: I find people are begging for experiences that are longer and slower, less "dramatic" and more sensual." [94] Tanya Zimbardo writing on New Urban Spaces Series 4. "Compact Forest Proposal" for SF MOMA (2001) confirms: "During the first presentation of this work, as part of the exhibition 010101: Art in Technological Times at SFMOMA in 2001, visitors often spent considerable time in this dreamlike space."[95]

In Eno's work, both art and music are released from their normal constraints. The music set up to randomly reconfigure is modal and abstract rather than tonal, and so the listener is freed from expectations set up by Western tonal harmonic conventions.[96] The artworks in their continual slowly shifting combinations of colour (and in the case of 77 Million Paintings image re-configurations) themselves offer a continually engaging immersive experience through their unfolding fields of light.

77 million rasm

Developments in computer technology meant that the experience of Eno's unending non-repeatable generative art and music was no longer only possible in the public spaces of his exhibitions. With software developer and programmer Jake Dowie, Eno created a generative art/music installation '77 million rasm ' for the domestic environment. Developed for both PC and Mac, the process is explained by Nick Robertson in the accompanying booklet. "One way to approach this idea is to imagine that you have a large box full of painted components and you are allowed to blindly take out between one and four of these at any time and overlay them to make a complete painting. The selection of the elements and their duration in the painting is variable and arbitrarily determined…" [97]

Most (nearly all) of the visual 'elements' were hand-painted by Eno onto glass slides, creating an organic heart to the work. Some of the slides had formed his earlier 'Natural Selections' exhibition projected onto the windows of the Triennal Milanda. (1990). This exhibition marked the beginning of Eno's site specific installations that re-defined spaces on a large scale.[98]

For the Triennale exhibition, Eno with Rolf Engel and Roland Blum at Atelier Marktgraph, used new 'dataton' technology that could be programmed to control the fade up and out times of the light sources.[99] But, unlike the software developed for '77 Million', this was clumsy and limited the practical realisation of Eno's vision.

With the computer programmed to randomly select a combination of up to four images of different durations, the on screen painting continually reconfigures as each image slowly dissolves whilst another appears. The painting will be different for every viewer in every situation, uniquely defining each moment. Eno likens his role in creating this piece to one of a gardener planting seeds. And like a gardener he watches to see how they grow, waiting to see if further intervention is necessary.[100] In the liner notes Nick Robertson explains: "Every user will buy exactly the same pack of 'seeds' but they will all grow in different ways and into distinct paintings, the vast majority of which, the artist himself has not even seen. …The original in art is no longer solely bound up in the physical object, but rather in the way the piece lives and grows."[97]

Although designed for the domestic environment, 77 million paintings has been (and continues to be) exhibited in multi-screen installations across the world. It has also been projected onto architectural structures, including the sails of the Sidney opera teatri (2009), Carioca suv kemasi (The Arcos Di Lapa) Brazil (2012) and the giant Lovell teleskopi da Jodrel Bank Observatoriyasi (2016). During an exhibition at Fabrica Brighton, (2010) the orthopaedic surgeon Robin Turner noticed the calming effect the work had on the visitors.[101] Turner asked Eno to provide a version for the Montefiore hospital in Hove. Since then 77 Million and Eno's latest "Light Boxes" have been commissioned for use in hospitals.[102]

Montefiore Hospital Installations

In 2013, Eno created two permanent light and sound installations at Montefiore Hospital in Hove, East Sussex, England.[103] In the hospital's reception area "77 Million Paintings for Montefiore" consists of eight plasma monitors mounted on the wall in a diagonally radiating flower-like pattern. They display an evolving collage of coloured patterns and shapes whilst Eno's generative ambient music plays discreetly in the background. The other aptly named "Quiet Room for Montefiore" (available for patients, visitors and staff) is a space set apart for meditative reflection. It is a moderately sized room with three large panels displaying dissolves of subtle colours in patterns that are reminiscent of Mondrian paintings. The environment brings Eno's ambient music into focus and facilitates the visitors' cognitive drift, freeing them to contemplate or relax.

Sport

Eno composed most of the music for the Elektron san'at video O'YIN Sport (2008), assisted by his long-term collaborator, the musician and programmer Piter Chilvers. Much of the music is generative and responsive to the player's position within the game.

iOS ilovalari

Inspired by possibilities presented to Eno and Peter Chilvers whilst working together on the generative soundtrack for the video game Sport (2008), the two began to release generative music in the Apple App format. They set up the website generativemusic.com and created generative music applications for the iPhone, iPod Touch va iPad:

  • 2008 – Gullash
  • 2009 – Trop
  • 2012 – Scape
  • 2016 – Ko'zgu

In 2009, Peter Chilvers and Sandra O'Neill also created an App entitled Havo (released through generativemusic.com as well) – based on concepts developed by Eno in his 1-muhit: Aeroportlar uchun musiqa albom.[104]

Ko'zgu

The generative version of Ko'zgu is the fourth iOS App created by Brian Eno and Peter Chilvers: of generativemusic.com. Unlike other Apps they released Ko'zgu provides no real options other than Play/Pause – later, in its initial update, Airplay and Sleep Timer options were added. As Apple had started increasing prices for Apps sold in UK, they lowered its price. For those who'd bought the app at a higher price, Eno and Chilvers provided links to a free download of a four track album called 'Sisters' (each track with a 15:14 duration). The following appears on the app's Apple iTunes page:

As a result of the Brexit-related fall in value of the British pound Apple have increased the prices of all apps sold in the UK by 25%. While we always intended REFLECTION to be a premium priced app, we feel this increase makes it too expensive, so we will take the hit in order to keep the British price to the consumer at its original level.

In other territories this decision will translate into a reduced price for the app.

As a thank you to everyone who has supported the REFLECTION app, we are adding a free surprise downloadable gift to it for a limited time. To access it, simply update REFLECTION in the App Store and follow the instructions when you open the app on your device. The download will be available until 28th February [2017].[105] and the App's Apples iTunes page[106]

Previous to the updates for the App, the iTunes page used the following from Eno.

Reflection is the most recent of my Ambient experiments and represents the most sophisticated of them so far.

My original intention with Ambient music was to make endless music, music that would be there as long as you wanted it to be. I wanted also that this music would unfold differently all the time – 'like sitting by a river': it's always the same river, but it's always changing. But recordings – whether vinyl, cassette or CD – are limited in length, and replay identically each time you listen to them. So in the past I was limited to making the systems which make the music, but then recording 30 minutes or an hour and releasing that. Reflection in its album form – on vinyl or CD – is like this. But the app by which Reflection is produced is not restricted: it creates an endless and endlessly changing version of the piece of music.

The creation of a piece of music like this falls into three stages: the first is the selection of sonic materials and a musical mode – a constellation of musical relationships. These are then patterned and explored by a system of algorithms which vary and permutate the initial elements I feed into them, resulting in a constantly morphing stream (or river) of music. The third stage is listening. Once I have the system up and running I spend a long time – many days and weeks in fact – seeing what it does and fine-tuning the materials and sets of rules that run the algorithms. It's a lot like gardening: you plant the seeds and then you keep tending to them until you get a garden you like.[107]

Ning versiyasi Ko'zgu available on the fixed formats (CD, Vinyl and download File) consists of two (joined) excerpts from the Ko'zgu ilova. This was revealed in Brian's interview with Philip Sherburne:

[Philip Sherburne] Given the infinite nature of the Reflection project, was it difficult to select the 54-minute chunk that became the album?

[Brian Eno] Yes, it was quite interesting doing that. When you're running it as an ephemeral piece, you have quite different considerations. If there is something that is a bit doubtful or odd, you think, OK, that's just in the nature of the piece and now it's passed and we're somewhere else. Whereas if you're thinking of it as a record that people are going to listen to again and again, what philosophy do you take? Choose just a random amount of time? Could have done that. Just do several of them and fix them together? Is that faking it? These are very interesting philosophical questions.

[Philip Sherburne] Which approach did you follow?

[Brian Eno] A hybrid approach. I generated 11 pieces of the length I'd set the piece to be and I had them all in my iTunes on random shuffle, so I would be listening at night, doing other things, and as one ran through, I would think, That was a nice one, I particularly like the second half. So then I would make a note. I did this for quite a few evenings. There were two that I really liked. On one, the last 40 minutes of it were lovely, and on another, the first 25 minutes of it were really nice. So I thought, This is a studio, I'm making a record. I'll edit them together! It was like the birth of rock'n'roll. I'm allowed to do that! It's not cheating. It was quite a bit of jiggery-pokery to find a place I could do it, but the result is two pieces stuck together.

— Philip Sherburne / Brian Eno, A Conversation With Brian Eno About Ambient Music[108]

Artworks: Light Boxes

Eno's "light boxes" utilise advances in LED technology that has enabled him to re-imagine his ziggurat light paintings - and early light boxes as featured in Kite Stories (1999) - for the domestic environment. The light boxes feature slowly changing combinations of colour fields that draw attention differently to the shapes outlined by delineating structures within. As the paintings slowly evolve each passing moment is defined differently, drawing the viewer's focus into the present moment. The writer and cultural essayist Michael Bracewell writes that the viewer "is also encouraged to engage with a generative sensor/aesthetic experience that reflects the ever-changing moods and randomness of life itself". He likens Eno's art to "Matisse or Rothko at their most enfolding." [109]

First shown commercially at the Paul Stolper Gallery in London (forming the Light Music exhibition in 2016 that included lenticular paintings by Eno),[110] 'light boxes' have been shown across the world. They remain in permanent display in both private and public spaces. Recognised for their therapeutic contemplative benefits, Eno's 'light paintings' have been commissioned for specially dedicated places of reflection including in Chelsea and Westminster hospital, the Montefiore Hospital in Hove and a three and a half metre lightbox for the sanctuary room in the Macmillan Horizon Centre in Brighton.

Yalang'och yozuvlar

Eno started the Obscure Records label in Britain in 1975 to release works by lesser-known composers. The first group of three releases included his own composition, Maxfiy musiqa, and the now-famous Titanikning cho'kishi (1969) va Iso alayhissalomning qoni hali ham muvaffaqiyatsiz tugadi (1971) tomonidan Geyvin Bryars. The second side of Maxfiy musiqa consisted of several versions of Pachelbel ning Canon, the composition which Eno had previously chosen to precede Roxy Music's appearances on stage and to which he applied various algorithmic transformations, rendering it almost unrecognisable. Side one consisted of a lenta halqasi system for generating music from relatively sparse input. These tapes had previously been used as backgrounds in some of his collaborations with Fripp, most notably on Evening Star. Ten albums were released on Obscure, including works by Jon Adams, Maykl Nyman va John Cage.

Boshqa ishlar

Professor Nayjel Osborne and Brian Eno leading music workshops, Pavarotti centre, Bosnia 1995.[111] Rasm: Keith Brame.

In 1995, Eno travelled with Edinburg universiteti 's Professor Nayjel Osborne to Bosnia in the aftermath of the Bosniya urushi, to work with war-traumatised children, many of whom had been orphaned in the conflict. Osborne and Eno led musiqa terapiyasi projects run by Warchild in Mostar, at the Pavarotti centre, Bosnia 1995.[111]

Eno appeared as Father Brian Eno at the "It's Great Being a Priest!" convention, in "Amerikaga borish ", the final episode of the television sitcom Ota Ted, which originally aired on 1 May 1998 on 4-kanal.[112]

In March 2008, Eno collaborated with the Italian artist Mimmo Paladino on a show of the latter's works with Eno's soundscapes at Ara Pacis in Rome, and in 2011, he joined Stephen Deazley and Edinburgh University music lecturer Martin Parker in an Muzqaymoq kontsert Glazgo shahar hokimligi, heralded as a "long-awaited clash".[113]

In 2013, Eno sold limited edition prints of artwork from his 2012 album Lyuks veb-saytidan.[114][115]

In 2016, Eno was added to Edinburg universiteti 's roll of honour[116] and in 2017, he delivered the Endryu Karnegi Lecture at the university.[117][118][119]

Eno continues to be active in other artistic fields. His sound installations have been exhibited in many prestigious venues around the world, including the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis; Contemporary Arts Museum, Houston; Yangi zamonaviy san'at muzeyi, Nyu York; Vancouver Art Gallery, Stedelijk muzeyi, Amsterdam, Pompidu markazi, Parij, Zamonaviy san'at instituti, London, Baltic Art Centre, Gateshead, and the Sydney, São Paulo, and Venice Biennials.

Mukofotlar va sharaflar

Asteroid 81948 Eno tomonidan kashf etilgan Mark Bui da Cerro Tololo in 2000, was named in his honor.[120] Rasmiy nomlash tomonidan nashr etilgan Kichik sayyoralar markazi on 18 May 2019 (M.P.C. 114955).[121]

In 2019, he was awarded Starmus festivali "s Stiven Xokingning ilmiy aloqalari uchun medali for Music & Arts.[122][123][124]

Ta'sir

Shuningdek qarang: Yozgi studiya asbob sifatida

Eno is frequently referred to as one of popular music's most influential artists.[125] Producer and film composer Jon Brion has said: "I think he's the most influential artist since Bitlz."[126] Critic Jason Ankeny at AllMusic argues that Eno "forever altered the ways in which music is approached, composed, performed, and perceived, and everything from pank ga texno ga yangi asr bears his unmistakable influence."[1] Eno has spread his techniques and theories primarily through his production; his distinctive style informed a number of projects in which he has been involved, including Bowie's "Berlin Trilogy" (helping to popularize minimalizm ) and the albums he produced for Talking Heads (incorporating, on Eno's advice, African music and polyrhythms), Devo, and other groups.[127] Eno's first collaboration with David Byrne, 1981's Arvohlar butasida mening hayotim, utilised namuna olish techniques and broke ground by incorporating jahon musiqasi into popular Western music forms.[128][129] Eno and Piter Shmidt "s Oblik strategiyalari have been used by many bands, and Eno's production style has proven influential in several general respects: "his recording techniques have helped change the way that modern musicians;– particularly electronic musicians;– view the studio. No longer is it just a passive medium through which they communicate their ideas but itself a new instrument with seemingly endless possibilities."[130]

Whilst inspired by the ideas of minimalist composers including John Cage, Terry Riley and Erik Satie,[131] Eno coined the term ambient music to describe his own work and defined the term. The Ambient Music Guide states that he has brought from "relative obscurity into the popular consciousness" fundamental ideas about ambient music, including "the idea of modern music as subtle atmosphere, as chill-out, as impressionistic, as something that creates space for quiet reflection or relaxation."[130] His groundbreaking work in elektron musiqa has been said to have brought widespread attention to and innovations in the role of electronic technology in recording.[131] Pushti Floyd klaviaturachi Rik Rayt said he "often eulogised" Eno's abilities.[132]

Eno's "unconventional studio predilections", in common with those of Piter Gabriel, were an influence on the recording of "Bugun kechada ", the single which launched the solo career of Eno's former drummer Fil Kollinz.[133] Collins said he "learned a lot" from working with Eno.[134] Ikkalasi ham Yarim odam Yarim pechene (in the song "Eno Collaboration" on the EP of the bir xil ism ) va MGMT have written songs about Eno. LCD ovoz tizimi has frequently cited Eno as a key influence. The Icelandic singer Byork also credited Eno as a major influence.[135]

Mora sti Fotia (Babies on Fire), one of the most influential Greek rock bands, was named after Eno's song "Baby's on Fire".[136]

2011 yilda, Belgiyalik academics from the Markaziy Afrika uchun qirollik muzeyi named a species of Afrotropical spider Pseudocorinna brianeno uning sharafiga.[137]

In September 2016, asked by the website Just Six Degrees to name a currently influential artist, Eno cited the conceptual, video and installation artist Jeremi Deller as a source of current inspiration: "Deller's work is often technically very ambitious, involving organising large groups of volunteers and helpers, but he himself is almost invisible in the end result. I'm inspired by this quietly subversive way of being an artist, setting up situations and then letting them play out. To me it's a form of social generative art where the 'generators' are people and their experiences, and where the role of the artist is to create a context within which they collide and create."[138]

Shaxsiy hayot

In 1967, at the age of 18, Eno married Sarah Grenville. They had a daughter, Hannah Louise (born July 1967, Winchester), before divorcing. Eno married his manager, Anthea Norman-Taylor, in 1988. They have two daughters, Irial Violet and Darla Joy (born 1990 and 1991, London).[139][140]

Eno has referred to himself as "kind of an evangelical atheist " but has also professed an interest in religion.[141] In 1996, Eno and others started the Long Now Foundation to educate the public about the very long-term future of society and to encourage long-term thinking in the exploration of enduring solutions to global issues.[142] In 2005, through the Long Now foundation's Long Bets, he won a $500 bet by challenging someone who predicted a Democrat would be president of the United States in 2005.[143]

The Nokia 8800 Sirocco Edition mobile phone features exclusive music composed by Eno.[144] Between 8 January 2007 and 12 February 2007, ten units of Nokia 8800 Sirocco Brian Eno Signature Edition mobile phones, individually numbered and engraved with Eno's signature, were auctioned off. All proceeds went to two charities chosen by Eno: the Keiskamma AIDS treatment program and the World Land Trust.[145]

In 1991, Eno appeared on BBC Radio 4's Cho'l orollari disklari. His chosen book was Kutilmagan holat, istehzo va birdamlik tomonidan Richard Rorti and his luxury item was a radio teleskop.[146]

Siyosat

In 2007, Eno joined the Liberal-demokratlar as youth adviser under Nik Klegg.[147]

Eno is now a member of the Mehnat partiyasi.[148] In August 2015, he endorsed Jeremi Korbin "s kampaniya ichida Leyboristlar partiyasiga rahbarlik saylovi. He said at a rally in Kamden shahar zali: "I don't think electability really is the most important thing. What's important is that someone changes the conversation and moves us off this small-minded agenda."[149] He later wrote in The Guardian: "He's [Corbyn] been doing this with courage and integrity and with very little publicity. This already distinguishes him from at least half the people in Westminster, whose strongest motivation seems to have been to get elected, whatever it takes."[150]

In 2006, Eno was one of more than 100 artists and writers who signed an open letter calling for an international boycott of Israeli political and cultural institutions.[151] and in January 2009 he spoke out against Israel's military action on the Gaza Strip by writing an opinion for CounterPunch and participating in a large-scale protest in London.[152][153] In 2014, Eno again protested publicly against what he called a "one-sided exercise in ethnic cleansing" and a "war [with] no moral justification," in reference to the 2014 military operation of Israel into Gaza.[154] He was also a co-signatory, along with Arxiyepiskop Desmond Tutu, Noam Xomskiy, Elis Uoker and others, to a letter published in The Guardian that labelled the conflict as an "inhumane and illegal act of military aggression" and called for "a comprehensive and legally binding military embargo on Israel, similar to that imposed on South Africa during aparteid."[155]

In 2013, Eno became a patron of Videre Est Credere (Latin for "to see is to believe"), a UK human rights charity.[156] Videre describes itself as "give[ing] local activists the equipment, training and support needed to safely capture compelling video dalillar of human rights violations. This captured footage is verified, analysed and then distributed to those who can create change."[157] He participates alongside movie producers Uri Fruchtmann va Terri Gilliam – along with executive director of Greenpeace UK Jon Sauven.[158]

Eno was appointed President of Urush koalitsiyasini to'xtatish in 2017. He has had a long involvement with the organisation since it was set up in 2001.[159]He is also a trustee of the environmental law firm ClientEarth, Somerset uyi, and the Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, set up by Mariana Mazzukato.[160]

Eno opposes United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union. Keyingi June 2016 referendum result when the British public voted to leave, Eno was among a group of British musicians who signed a letter to the Prime Minister Tereza Mey chaqirish ikkinchi referendum.[161]

In November 2019, along with other public figures, Eno signed a letter supporting Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn describing him as "a beacon of hope in the struggle against emergent far-right nationalism, xenophobia and racism in much of the democratic world" and endorsed him for in the 2019 yil Buyuk Britaniyada umumiy saylovlar.[162] In December 2019, along with 42 other leading cultural figures, he signed a letter endorsing the Labour Party under Corbyn's leadership in the 2019 general election. Maktubda "Jeremy Corbyn rahbarligidagi Leyboristlarning saylovoldi dasturida odamlar va sayyora ehtiyojlarini xususiy foyda va bir necha kishining manfaatlari ustuvor bo'lgan transformatsion rejani taklif qiladi" deb ta'kidlangan.[163][164]

Diskografiya

Asosiy maqola: Brayan Eno diskografiyasi

Yakkaxon studiya albomlari

Ambient installation albums

Shuningdek qarang

Izohlar

  1. ^ The eventual length of The Microsoft Sound as supplied and used was roughly 6 seconds, not ​3 1⁄4.

Adabiyotlar

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  2. ^ "Brian Eno Biography". Rolling Stone. Olingan 28 aprel 2016.
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