Devid Linch - David Lynch - Wikipedia

Devid Linch
Linch 2017 yilda
Tug'ilgan	Devid Keyt Linch (1946-01-20) 1946 yil 20-yanvar (74 yosh) Missula, Montana, BIZ.
Boshqa ismlar	Yahudo But
Kasb	Kinorejissyor rassom musiqachi aktyor
Faol yillar	1966 yil - hozirgi kunga qadar
Taniqli ish	Filmografiya Diskografiya Bibliografiya
Turmush o'rtoqlar	Peggi Lents ​ ​ (m. 1967; div 1974)​ Meri Fisk ​ ​ (m. 1977; div 1987)​ Meri Suini ​ ​ (m. 2006; div 2006)​ Emili Stofl ​ ​ (m. 2009)​
Hamkor (lar)	Izabella Rossellini (1986–91)
Bolalar	4, shu jumladan Jennifer

Devid Keyt Linch (1946 yil 20-yanvarda tug'ilgan) - amerikalik kinorejissyor, rassom, gitarachi, yozuvchi va aktyor. Kabi filmlarni yozish va rejissyorlik qilish bilan mashhur Eraserhead (1977), Fil odam (1980), Moviy baxmal (1986) va Mulhollend-disk Tanqidchilar tomonidan ko'pincha o'z davrlarining eng yaxshi filmlari deb tan olingan (2001),^[1][2] va uning teleseriallari uchun Twin Peaks (1990-91, 2017). Ushbu asarlar unga "birinchi ommabop" deb nomlanishiga olib keldi Syurrealist "film tanqidchisi tomonidan Pauline Kael.^[3] An oluvchisi Akademiyaning faxriy mukofoti 2019 yilda,^[4] u uchta oldi Akademiya mukofoti nominatsiyalar Eng yaxshi rejissyor,^[5] va g'olib bo'ldi "Chezarning eng yaxshi xorijiy filmi" mukofoti ikki marta, shuningdek Palma d'Or da Kann kinofestivali^[6] va a Oltin sher umr bo'yi erishgan yutuqlari uchun mukofot Venetsiya kinofestivali. 2007 yilda tanqidchilar hay'ati tomonidan yig'ilgan Guardian "barcha bahs-munozaralardan so'ng, hech kim Devid Linchni hozirgi davrning eng muhim kinorejisseri" degan xulosani buzishi mumkin emasligini e'lon qildi,^[7] esa AllMovie uni "the Uyg'onish davri odami zamonaviy amerikalik kino ijodkorligi ".^[8]

Linchning birinchi uzun metrajli filmi, syurrealistik dahshat Eraserhead (1977), muvaffaqiyatli bo'ldi yarim tunda film va u buni rejissyorlik bilan kuzatib bordi Fil odam (1980), Dune (1984) va Moviy baxmal (1986). Keyinchalik Linch o'zining televizion seriyasini yaratdi Mark Frost, mashhur qotillik sirlari Twin Peaks (1990-91), ikki mavsum davomida ishlagan. Shuningdek, u filmning prekvelini yaratdi Egizak cho'qqilar: Yong'in men bilan birga (1992), yo'l filmi Yurakda yovvoyi (1990) va oilaviy film To'g'ri hikoya (1999) xuddi shu davrda. Keyinchalik syurrealistik film ijodiga o'girilib, uning keyingi uchta filmi tush mantig'ida ishladi chiziqli bo'lmagan hikoya tuzilmalar: Yo'qotilgan magistral (1997), Mulhollend-disk (2001) va Ichki imperiya (2006). Linch va Frost 2017 yilda birlashdilar uchinchi mavsum ning Twin Peaks, efirga uzatilgan Vaqtni ko'rsat. Linch har bir epizodni birgalikda yozgan va boshqargan,^[9] va Gordon Koul rolini ijro etdi.

Linchning boshqa badiiy sa'y-harakatlari orasida musiqa ustasi sifatida ishlaganligi, studiya albomlarini qamrab olganligi BlueBOB (2001), Crazy Clown vaqti (2011) va Katta tush (2013), shuningdek uning turli filmlari uchun musiqa va ovoz dizayni (ba'zan hamkasblar qatorida) Alan Splet,^[10] Din Xarli,^[10] va / yoki Anjelo Badalamenti^[11]); rasm^[12] va fotosurat;^[13] kitoblarni yozish Tasvirlar (1994), Katta baliqni ovlash (2006), Orzu qilish uchun xona (2018) va boshqa ko'plab adabiy asarlar;^[14] va bir nechta musiqiy videolarni boshqarish (masalan, "uchun videoBoshning orqa qismida o'q otish "tomonidan Moby,^[15] u o'z navbatida Linch uchun videofilmni boshqargan "Katta tush ")^[16] shuningdek, reklama, shu jumladan Dior reklama filmi Lady Blue Shanxay (2006).^[17] Ning ashaddiy amaliyotchisi Transandantal meditatsiya (TM), 2005 yilda u asos solgan Devid Linch fondi, bu maktablarda TMni o'qitishni moliyalashtirishga intiladi va shu vaqtdan boshlab boshqa xavf ostida bo'lgan aholi, shu jumladan uysizlar, faxriylar va qochqinlar uchun o'z doirasini kengaytirdi.^[18][19]

Hayotning boshlang'ich davri

Devid Keyt Linch tug'ilgan Missula, Montana 1946 yil 20-yanvarda.^[21] Uning otasi Donald Uolton Linch (1915-2007), tadqiqotchi olim bo'lgan AQSh qishloq xo'jaligi vazirligi (USDA) va uning onasi Edvina "Sunny" Lynch (ism-sharifi Sundholm; 1919-2004), ingliz tili o'qituvchisi edi. Linchning onalik bobolaridan ikkitasi edi Fin-shved 19-asr davomida AQShga kelgan muhojirlar.^[22] U katta bo'lgan Presviterian.^[23][24] Linchlar tez-tez USDA Donaldni tayinlagan joyga qarab harakat qilishdi. Shu sababli, Linch, ota-onasi bilan birga ko'chib keldi Aydaxo shtatidagi Sandpoint, u ikki oylik bo'lganida; ikki yildan so'ng, akasi Jon tug'ilgandan so'ng, oila ko'chib o'tdi Spokane, Vashington. U erda Linchning singlisi Marta tug'ilgan. Keyin oila ko'chib o'tdi Durham, Shimoliy Karolina, Boise, Aydaho va Iskandariya, Virjiniya.^[21] Linch bu o'tkinchi hayotga nisbatan bemalol moslashib, yangi maktabga borishni boshlaganda, odatda, yangi do'stlar orttirishda muammo yo'qligini ta'kidladi.^[25] Uning dastlabki hayotidan u shunday dedi:

Men bolaligimda dunyoni to'liq va juda hayoliy topdim. Albatta, menda odatiy qo'rquv bor edi, masalan maktabga borish ... men uchun o'sha paytda maktab yoshlarga qarshi jinoyat edi. Bu ozodlik urug'larini yo'q qildi. O'qituvchilar bilim yoki ijobiy munosabatni rag'batlantirmadilar.^[26]

Linchning o'rta maktabining katta portreti, 1964 yil

Maktabda o'qish bilan birga Linch qo'shildi Skautlar, keyinchalik u faqat "[skaut] bo'ldi, shuning uchun men uni tashlab, orqamga qo'yishim mumkin" deb aytdi. U eng yuqori darajaga ko'tarildi Eagle Scout. U burgut skauti sifatida u tashqarida boshqa skautlar bilan birga bo'lgan oq uy da inauguratsiya Prezident Jon F. Kennedi, Linchning 15 yoshida tug'ilgan.^[27] Linch, shuningdek, rasm chizish va chizishga yoshligidan qiziqqan va Virjiniya shtatida, do'stining otasi professional rassom bo'lganida yashab yurganida, uni martaba yo'lida yurish fikri bilan qiziqib qolgan.^[28]

Iskandariyadagi Frensis C. Xammond nomli o'rta maktabda Linch maktabda o'qishga unchalik qiziqmaganligi sababli yaxshi o'qimagan, ammo u boshqa talabalar orasida mashhur bo'lgan va ketgandan keyin u kollejda rasm chizishni o'rganishni xohlagan. U o'qishni boshladi Corcoran san'at va dizayn maktabi Vashingtonda, 1964 yilda ko'chib o'tishdan oldin Boston shahridagi Tasviriy san'at muzeyi maktabi, u erda musiqachi bilan xonadoshlar bo'lgan Piter Bo'ri.^[29][30] U faqat bir yildan so'ng "Men u erda HAMMA ilhomlanmadim" deb chiqib ketdi. Buning o'rniga u do'sti bilan uch yil davomida Evropani aylanib chiqmoqchi ekanligiga qaror qildi Jek Fisk, xuddi shu kabi o'qishdan norozi bo'lgan Kuper ittifoqi. Ular avstriyalik bilan birgalikda Evropada mashg'ulot o'tkaza olishlariga umid qilishgan ekspressionist rassom Oskar Kokoschka uning maktabida. Yetib borgach Zaltsburg ammo, ular Kokoschka mavjud emasligini aniqladilar; hafsalasi pir bo'lgan, Evropada atigi ikki hafta bo'lganidan keyin AQShga qaytib kelishgan.^[31]

Karyera

1960-yillar: Filadelfiya va qisqa metrajli filmlar

Qo'shma Shtatlarga qaytib, Linch Virjiniyaga qaytib keldi, ammo ota-onasi ko'chib ketganidan beri Walnut Creek, Kaliforniya, u do'sti Toby Keeler bilan bir muddat qoldi. U ko'chib o'tishga qaror qildi Filadelfiya va ro'yxatdan o'ting Pensilvaniya tasviriy san'at akademiyasi, u erda allaqachon ro'yxatdan o'tgan Fiskning maslahatidan keyin. U bu kollejni avvalgi Bostondagi maktabidan afzal ko'rgan va shunday degan edi: "Filadelfiyada buyuk va jiddiy rassomlar bor edi, va hamma bir-birini ilhomlantirar edi va u erda juda yaxshi vaqt edi".^[32] Aynan shu erda u 1967 yilda turmushga chiqqan hamkasbi Peggi Rivi bilan munosabatlarni boshladi. Keyingi yili Peggi qizlarini dunyoga keltirdi. Jennifer. Keyinchalik Peggi: "[Linch] shubhasiz otasi bo'lgan, ammo juda mehribon ota edi. Hey, men turmush qurganimda homilador edim. Ikkalamiz ham istamadik" dedi.^[33] Oila sifatida ular Filadelfiyaga ko'chib ketishdi Fairmount mahalla, bu erda ular hududning yuqori jinoyatchilik va qashshoqlik darajasi tufayli nisbatan past narxga - 3500 dollarga 12 xonali uy sotib olishgan. Keyinchalik Linch shunday dedi:

Biz arzon yashadik, ammo shahar qo'rquvga to'la edi. Ko'chada bir bolani otib o'ldirishdi ... Bizni ikki marta o'g'irlashdi, derazalarini o'qqa tutishdi va mashinani o'g'irlashdi. Uy birinchi bo'lib biz ko'chib kelganimizdan uch kun o'tgach buzilgan edi ... Tuyg'u o'ta xavf-xatarga juda yaqin edi va qo'rquv shu qadar kuchli edi. Zo'ravonlik, nafrat va ifloslik bor edi. Ammo mening butun hayotimdagi eng katta ta'sir shu shahar edi.^[34]

Ayni paytda, oilasini boqish uchun u gravyuralarni chop etish bilan shug'ullandi.^[35] Pensilvaniya akademiyasida Linch o'zining birinchi qisqa metrajli filmini suratga oldi. Olti kishi kasal bo'lib qoldi (olti marta) (1967). U o'zining g'oyalarini birinchi marta o'z rasmlarining harakatlanishini ko'rish istagi paydo bo'lganda paydo bo'lgan va Bryus Samuelson ismli rassom bilan animatsiya qilishni muhokama qilishni boshladi. Ushbu loyiha hech qachon amalga oshmaganida, Linch yolg'iz film ustida ishlashga qaror qildi va o'zi topa oladigan eng arzon 16 mmli kamerani sotib oldi. Akademiyaning tashlandiq yuqori xonalaridan birini ish maydoni sifatida olib, u 150 dollar sarfladi,^[36]o'sha paytda u o'zini ishlab chiqarish uchun juda ko'p pul kabi his qilgan Olti erkak kasal.^[37] Filmni "57 soniya o'sish va yong'in va uch soniya qusish" deb nomlagan Linch, uni Akademiyaning yil oxiridagi yillik ko'rgazmasida ilmoq bilan o'ynatdi va u erda birinchi o'rinni Noel Maxafening rasmlari bilan birgalikda baham ko'rdi.^[38][39] Bu uning hamkasblaridan biri, badavlat X. Barton Vassermanning komissiyasiga olib keldi, u o'z uyida kino installyatsiya yaratish uchun unga 1000 dollar taklif qildi. Buning 478 dollarini ikkinchi qo'lga sarflang Bolex "uning orzularidagi" kameraga ega bo'lgan Lynch yangi animatsion qisqa metrajli filmni yaratdi, ammo filmni ishlab chiqqach, natijada loyqa, freymsiz nashr paydo bo'ldi. Keyinroq u shunday dedi: "Shuning uchun men [Vasserman] ga qo'ng'iroq qilib:" Bart, film falokat. Kamera buzilib qoldi va men qilgan ishlarim chiqmadi ", dedim. Va u: "Xavotir olmang, Dovud, qolgan pulni olib, menga boshqa narsa yarating, shunchaki chop eting", dedi. Hikoyaning oxiri. "^[40]

Qolgan pullari bilan, Linch to'rt daqiqalik qisqa vaqtni ishlab chiqaradigan animatsiya va jonli harakatlar aralashmasi bilan tajriba o'tkazishga qaror qildi Alifbo (1968). Filmda Linchning rafiqasi Peggi "Qiz" nomi bilan tanilgan va u kuylaydigan personaj sifatida rol o'ynagan alifbo Oxirida o'limidan oldin uning yotgan choyshablariga qon quyilib, otlarning bir qator tasvirlariga. Ovoz effektini qo'shganda, Lynch buzilgan usuldan foydalangan Ux magnitofon, Jeniferning yig'layotgan ovozini yozib, Linch ayniqsa samarali deb topgan buzuq ovozni yaratdi. Keyinchalik uni ilhomlantirgan narsani tasvirlab berib, Linch shunday dedi: "Peggining jiyani bir kecha yomon tush ko'rdi va alfavitni uyqusida azob bilan aytayotgan edi. Shunday qilib, nima bo'lgan Alifbo ketmoqda. Qolganlari shunchaki edi ong osti."^[39][41]

Yangi tashkil etilganlar haqida ma'lumot Amerika kino instituti Dastlabki ishi va yangi loyihaning ssenariysi bilan o'z arizalarini qo'llab-quvvatlashi mumkin bo'lgan kinorejissorlarga grantlar ajratgan Linch ularga bir nusxasini yuborishga qaror qildi. Alifbo u deyarli to'liq jonli aksiya bo'lgan yangi qisqa metrajli film uchun ssenariy bilan birga, Buvi.^[42] Institut ishni moliyalashtirishga yordam berishga rozi bo'lib, dastlab unga 7200 AQSh dollari miqdorida talab qilingan byudjetidan 5000 AQSh dollarini taklif qildi, ammo keyinchalik unga qo'shimcha 2200 AQSh dollarini berdi. U ishdan ham, kollejdan ham tanigan va o'z uyida suratga tushgan odamlarning rollarini ijro etgan,^[43] Buvi qarovsiz qoldirish uchun urug‘idan buvisini "o‘stiradigan" beparvo bola tasvirlangan. Kinoshunoslar Mishel Le Blan va Kolin Odellning yozishicha, "bu film haqiqiy g'alati narsa, ammo uning keyingi ishlarida filtrlaydigan ko'plab mavzular va g'oyalar mavjud va bu vositaning ajoyib tushunchasini namoyish etadi".^[44]

1970-yillar: Los-Anjeles va Eraserhead

Teatrlashtirilgan chiqish afishasi Eraserhead

1971 yilda Linch rafiqasi va qizi bilan Los-Anjelesga ko'chib o'tdi va u erda kinematografiya bo'yicha o'qishni boshladi AFI Konservatoriyasi, u keyinchalik "butunlay xaotik va tartibsiz, bu juda zo'r edi ... deb nomlagan joy. siz tezda nimanidir amalga oshirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, buni o'zingiz qilishingiz kerakligini angladingiz. Ular odamlarga o'z ishlarini qilishlariga ruxsat berishni xohlashdi."^[45] U taklif qilingan asar uchun stsenariy yozishni boshladi, Bog 'bog'i, "men qilgan bu rasmda ochilgan". Ushbu tashabbusda uni Konservatoriyaning bir qator arboblari qo'llab-quvvatladilar, ular uni ssenariyni uzaytirishga va ko'proq suhbat qo'shishga undashdi, va u istamay rozi bo'ldi. Unga barcha aralashuvlar Bog 'bog'i Loyiha uni Konservatoriyadan bezovta qildi va ikkinchi kursni boshlash uchun qaytib kelib, birinchi kursga qo'yilgandan keyin uni tark etishga olib keldi. AFI dekani Frank Deniel maktabning eng yaxshi talabalaridan biri ekanligiga ishonib, Linchni qayta ko'rib chiqishni iltimos qildi. Linch unga aralashmaydigan loyihani yaratishi sharti bilan rozi bo'ldi. Buni his qilyapman Bog 'bog'i "halokatga uchragan", u yangi filmga kirishdi, Eraserhead.^[46]

Eraserhead taxminan 42 daqiqani tashkil etishi rejalashtirilgan edi (89 daqiqada tugadi), uning ssenariysi atigi 21 sahifadan iborat edi va Linch filmni aralashuvisiz yaratishga muvaffaq bo'ldi. Filmni suratga olish 1972 yil 29 mayda kechasi ba'zi tashlandiq otxonalarda boshlandi, bu asosan Lynch va uning ba'zi do'stlari bo'lgan prodyuserlar guruhiga imkon berdi. Sissy Spacek, Jek Fisk, operator Frederik Elmes va ovozli dizayner Alan Splet, kameralar xonasini, yashil xonani, tahrir xonasini, komplektlarni, shuningdek ovqatlanish xonasini va hammomni o'rnatish uchun.^[47] The AFI Linchga 10000 dollar miqdorida grant berdi, ammo bu filmni suratga olish uchun etarli emas edi va nisbatan arzon badiiy film muvaffaqiyatli bo'lganidan keyin studiyalar bosimi ostida. Easy Rider, unga ko'proq bera olmadi. Keyinchalik Lynchni otasidan olingan qarz va u qog'ozga olib borgan yo'lida ishlab topgan pullari qo'llab-quvvatladi Wall Street Journal.^[48][49] Ko'p o'tmay Eraserheadishlab chiqarish, Linch va Peggi do'stona ravishda ajralib, ajrashishdi va u to'liq kunlik to'plamda yashashni boshladi. 1977 yilda Linch Jek Fiskning singlisi Meri Fiskga uylandi.^[50]

Linchning aytishicha, filmning birorta ham sharhlovchisi uni o'zi xohlagan tarzda tushunmagan. Qora va oq rangda suratga olingan, Eraserhead Genri haqida hikoya qiladi (Jek Nans ), yashaydigan sokin yigit distopiya sevgilisi deformatsiyalangan bolani tug'diradi, uni qaramog'iga topshiradi. Bunga Filadelfiyaning qo'rqinchli kayfiyati katta ta'sir ko'rsatdi va Linch buni "mening Filadelfiya tarixi ".^[51][52]

Moliyaviy muammolar tufayli filmni suratga olish Eraserhead tartibsiz bo'lib, muntazam ravishda to'xtab, qayta boshlagan. 1974 yilda shunday tanaffusda Linch qisqa metrajli filmni yaratdi Ampute, taxminan ikki daqiqa davom etgan bir martalik film. Linch taklif qildi Ampute ikki xil turdagi kino zaxiralarini sinab ko'rish uchun AFIga taqdim etish^{[to'liq iqtibos kerak ]}.

Eraserhead nihoyat 1976 yilda qurib bitkazildi. Linch uni kiritishga harakat qildi Kann kinofestivali, lekin ba'zi sharhlovchilarga yoqsa-da, boshqalari buni dahshatli deb hisoblashdi va skrining uchun tanlanmagan. Dan sharhlovchilar Nyu-York kinofestivali uni ham rad etdi, lekin u ekranlashtirildi Los-Anjeles kinofestivali, qayerda Ben Barenxolts, ning distribyutori Elgin teatri, bu haqda eshitdim.^[53] U filmni juda qo'llab-quvvatladi va uni 1977 yilda Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari bo'ylab tarqatishga yordam berdi va Eraserhead keyinchalik mashhur bo'ldi yarim tunda film er osti davri,^[54] va keyinchalik 1970-yillarning eng muhim yarim tuni filmlaridan biri deb nomlangan El Topo, Pushti Flamingolar, Rokki dahshatli rasm namoyishi, Ular qanchalik qiyin bo'lsa va Tirik o'liklarning kechasi.^[55] Stenli Kubrik bu uning eng sevimli filmlaridan biri ekanligini aytdi.^[56]

1980-yillar: Fil odam, Dune va Moviy baxmal

Keyin Eraserheader osti pallasida muvaffaqiyatga erishish, Styuart Kornfeld uchun ijrochi prodyuser Mel Bruks, buni ko'rdi va keyinroq shunday dedi: "Meni 100 foiz uchirishdi ... Men buni men ko'rgan eng buyuk narsa deb o'yladim. Bu shunday tozalash tajribasi edi".^[57] U keyingi filmida Linchga yordam berishga rozi bo'ldi, Ronni Rocket, buning uchun Linch allaqachon stsenariy yozgan edi. Ammo tez orada Linch buni tushundi Ronni Rocket, u aytgan filmni "elektr toki va uch oyoqli qizil sochli yigit" haqida hech qanday moliyachilar kutib olishmaydi va shuning uchun u Kornfelddan boshqasi tomonidan o'zi boshqarishi mumkin bo'lgan ssenariyni topishini so'ragan. . Kornfeld to'rttasini topdi. Birinchisining nomini eshitib, Fil odam, Linch uni tanladi.^[58]

Fil odamssenariysi, Kris de Vore tomonidan yozilgan va Erik Bergren, haqiqiy voqeaga asoslangan edi Jozef Merrik, qattiq deformatsiyalangan odam Viktoriya davri Qandaydir shou-shouda o'tkazilgan, ammo keyinchalik London jarrohining qaramog'ida bo'lgan London, Frederik Treves. Linch voqeani haqiqiy voqealardan o'zgartirib yuboradigan ba'zi bir o'zgarishlarni amalga oshirmoqchi edi, ammo uning fikriga ko'ra yaxshiroq syujet yaratdi,^[59] lekin unga kerak edi Mel Bruks Brooksning kompaniyasi sifatida ruxsat, Bruksfilmlar, ishlab chiqarish uchun javobgar edi. Bruks ko'rib chiqildi EraserheadVa kinoteatrdan chiqqandan so'ng, Linchni quchoqlab, "Siz aqldan ozgansiz! Men sizni yaxshi ko'raman! Siz ichkariga kirdingiz" deb e'lon qildi.^[60]

Fil odam yulduzli Jon Xurt Jon Merrick (ism Jozefdan o'zgartirilgan) va Entoni Xopkins Treves kabi. Suratga olish ishlari Londonda bo'lib o'tdi. Garchi syurrealistik va oq-qora rangda bo'lsa-da, u Linchning "eng odatiy filmlaridan biri" deb nomlangan.^[61] Fil odam sakkizta daromad olib, juda muhim va tijorat yutug'i bo'ldi Akademiya mukofoti nominatsiyalar, shu jumladan Eng yaxshi rejissyor va Eng yaxshi moslashtirilgan ssenariy.^[62]

Keyin Fil odammuvaffaqiyat, Jorj Lukas, muxlisi Eraserhead, Linchga o'zining uchinchi filmini suratga olish imkoniyatini taqdim etdi Yulduzlar jangi trilogiya, Jedining qaytishi. Linch Lukas filmni o'zi boshqarishi kerak, chunki film Linchnikiga emas, balki o'zining qarashlarini aks ettirishi kerak, deb rad etdi.^[52][63] Ko'p o'tmay, yana bir katta byudjetli ilmiy-fantastik eposni boshqarish imkoniyati paydo bo'ldi Dino de Laurentiis ning De Laurentiis Entertainment Group Lynchdan filmga moslashtirishni yaratishni so'radi Frank Xerbert ilmiy fantastik roman Dune (1965).^[63] Linch rozi bo'ldi va shu bilan shartnomada kompaniya uchun yana ikkita asar ishlab chiqarishga majbur bo'ldi. Dastlab u ham Kris de Vore, ham Erik Bergren bilan, keyin esa De Laurentis ularning g'oyalaridan norozi bo'lganida yolg'iz o'zi roman asosida ssenariy yozishga kirishdi.^[64] Linch shuningdek, "ma'lum bir ko'rinish" yaratishga urinib, ba'zi to'plamlarni yaratishda yordam berdi va ayniqsa, neft sayyorasi uchun to'plamni qurishdan zavqlandi Giedi Prime, buning uchun u "po'lat, murvatlar va chinni" ishlatgan.^[65]

Dune kelajakda, odamlar yulduzlararo imperiyada a ostida yashaganda o'rnatiladi feodal tuzum. Asosiy belgi, Pol Atreides (Kayl MacLachlan ) ni boshqarishni o'z zimmasiga olgan zodagonning o'g'li cho'l sayyora Arrakis, noyob ziravorlarni o'stiradigan melanj, imperiyaning eng qimmatbaho tovarlari. Linch bu ishdan norozi bo'lib, keyinroq "Dune bir xil studiya filmi edi. Menda yo'q edi yakuniy kesish. Va bora-bora men ongsiz ravishda murosaga kelayotgan edim "[uning fikriga ko'ra].^[66] Oxir-oqibat uning ko'pgina kadrlari so'nggi teatr kesimidan olib tashlanib, syujetni keskin qisqartirdi.^[67] De Laurentiis bu qadar muvaffaqiyatli bo'lishiga umid qilgan bo'lsa-da Yulduzlar jangi, Dune (1984) tanqidiy va savdo dud edi; uni amalga oshirish uchun 45 million dollar sarflangan va mamlakat ichida 27,4 million dollar ishlab topgan. Keyinchalik, Universal studiyalar sindikatlangan televizor uchun "kengaytirilgan kesim" ni taqdim etdi, unda deyarli bir soatlik xona-qavatdagi kadrlar va yangi rivoyatlar mavjud. Bu Linchning niyatini anglatmadi, ammo studiya uni asl nusxasidan ko'ra tushunarli deb hisobladi. Linch bu o'zgarishlarga e'tiroz bildirdi va uning ismini kengaytirilgan kesimdan chiqarib yubordi Alan Smiti ssenariy muallifi sifatida "Yahudo But" (uning xiyonat hissiyotlarini aks ettiruvchi Lynch taxallusi ixtiro qilingan) sifatida tan olingan.^[68]

Ayni paytda, 1983 yilda u chiziq roman yozishni va chizishni boshladi, Dunyodagi eng g'azablangan it, unda sirli falsafiy ma'lumotnomalar bilan bir qatorda harakatlana olmaydigan darajada g'azablangan bog'lab qo'yilgan itning o'zgarmas grafikalari namoyish etildi. 1983 yildan 1992 yilgacha Qishloq ovozi, Ijodiy non va boshqa tabloid va muqobil nashrlar.^[69] Taxminan shu vaqtlarda Linch san'atning bir turi sifatida fotosuratga qiziqib qoldi va sharmandali sanoat manzarasini suratga olish uchun Angliyaning shimoliy qismiga yo'l oldi.^[70]

Linch shartnomaviy ravishda De Laurentiis uchun yana ikkita loyihani ishlab chiqarishga majbur edi, bu birinchi rejalashtirilgan davomi Dune, bu filmning muvaffaqiyatsizligi tufayli hech qachon ssenariy bosqichidan tashqariga chiqmagan.^[64] Ikkinchisi esa shaxsiy ish bo'lib, Linchning bir muncha vaqt ishlagan ssenariysi asosida ishlangan. 1973 yildan beri Linchda bo'lgan g'oyalardan kelib chiqqan holda, film, Moviy baxmal, haqiqiy shaharchasida o'rnatildi Lumberton, Shimoliy Karolina va dalada kesilgan quloqni topadigan kollej talabasi Jefri Bomont (MakLaklan) atrofida aylanadi. Do'stingiz Sendi yordamida yanada tergov qilish (Laura Dern ), u buni psixopat boshchiligidagi jinoiy to'da bilan bog'liqligini aniqladi Frenk But (Dennis Xopper ), qo'shiqchi Doroti Vallensning eri va bolasini o'g'irlab ketgan (Izabella Rossellini ) va uni bir necha bor zo'rlagan. Linch bu voqeani "sirli hikoyaga o'ralgan g'alati istaklarning orzusi" deb atadi.^[71]

Lynch filmga 1960-yillardan boshlab pop qo'shiqlarini, shu jumladan Roy Orbison "Orzularda "va Bobbi Vinton "Moviy baxmal ", ikkinchisi filmni asosan ilhomlantirdi. Linch shunday dedi:" Bu filmni qo'zg'atgan qo'shiq edi ... Bu erda sirli narsa bor edi. Bu meni narsalar haqida o'ylashga majbur qildi. Mening birinchi o'ylagan narsalarim maysazorlar edi - maysazorlar va mahalla. "^[72] Filmning boshqa musiqalari muallifi Anjelo Badalamenti, Linchning keyingi ishlarining aksariyati uchun musiqa yozgan.^[73] De Laurentiis filmni juda yaxshi ko'rar edi va u dastlabki mutaxassislarning ayrim namoyishlari paytida qo'llab-quvvatlandi, ammo asosiy tomoshabinlarga oldindan ko'rish namoyishlari juda salbiy qabul qilindi, aksariyat tomoshabinlar filmni yomon ko'rishardi.^[74] Linch muvaffaqiyat qozondi Fil odam, lekin Moviy baxmal'tomoshabinlar va tanqidchilar bilan tortishuvlari uni asosiy oqimga kiritdi va bu juda katta va o'rtacha tijorat muvaffaqiyatiga aylandi. Film Linchni ikkinchi filmiga aylantirdi "Oskar" mukofotining "Eng yaxshi rejissyor" nominatsiyasi. Vudi Allen, kimning Xanna va uning singillari nomzodi ko'rsatildi Eng yaxshi rasm, dedi Moviy baxmal yilning eng sevimli filmi edi.^[75]1980-yillarning oxirlarida Linch televizorda ishlay boshladi, qisqa qismni suratga oldi, Kovboy va frantsuz, 1989 yilda frantsuz televideniesi uchun.^[76]

1990-yillar: Twin Peaks, Yurakda yovvoyi

Linch 1990 yilda Emmi mukofotlari marosim

Taxminan shu vaqtlarda u televizion prodyuser bilan uchrashdi Mark Frost kabi loyihalarda ishlagan kim Hill Street Blues va ular birgalikda biopik ustida ishlashni boshlashga qaror qilishdi Merilin Monro Entoni Summersning kitobi asosida Ma'buda: Merilin Monroning yashirin hayoti, lekin u hech qachon erdan tushmagan. Ular komediya ssenariysi ustida ishlashga kirishdilar, Bitta tupurik pufagi, lekin bu ham tugallanishni ko'rmadi.^[77][78] Qahvaxonada suhbatlashish paytida Linch va Frost jasadni ko'l qirg'og'ida yuvib tashlash haqida o'ylashdi va dastlab uchinchi loyihasi bilan ishlashga kirishdilar Shimoli-g'arbiy o'tish yo'li lekin oxir-oqibat Twin Peaks (1990–91).^[79] Kichkina dramatik serial Vashington mashhur o'rta maktab o'quvchisi bo'lgan shahar Laura Palmer o'ldirilgan, Twin Peaks taniqli Federal qidiruv byurosi Maxsus agent Deyl Kuper (MacLachlan) tergovchi sifatida qotilni aniqlashga urinib ko'rdi va nafaqat qotillikni aniqladi g'ayritabiiy jihatlari, shuningdek shahar aholisining ko'pgina sirlari; Linch: "Loyiha politsiya tergovini qahramonlarning oddiy hayoti bilan aralashtirish edi" dedi. Keyinchalik u shunday dedi: "[Mark Frost va men] birgalikda ishladik, ayniqsa dastlabki bosqichlarda. Keyinchalik biz alohida ishlay boshladik." Ular seriyani maydonga tushirdilar ABC uchuvchini moliyalashtirishga rozi bo'lgan va oxir-oqibat etti qismdan iborat mavsumni buyurtma qilgan.^[80]

Tez orada 22 seriyadan iborat ikkinchi mavsum ishlab chiqarishga o'tdi. Linch serialga atigi oltita epizodni rejissyor qilib, o'z filmiga ko'proq vaqt ajratdi Yurakda yovvoyi, lekin ehtiyotkorlik bilan boshqa epizodlarning rejissyorlarini tanladi.^[81] Shuningdek, u FBI agenti sifatida bir nechta epizodlarda ishtirok etgan Gordon Koul. Serial muvaffaqiyatli bo'lib, Qo'shma Shtatlarda va boshqa ko'plab mamlakatlarda yuqori reytingga ega bo'ldi va tez orada izdoshlarning diniga sabab bo'ldi. Ammo ABC rahbarlari jamoatchilikning ushbu ko'rsatuvga bo'lgan qiziqishi kamayib borayotganiga ishonishdi. Tarmoq Lynch va Frost Laura Palmerning qotilligini shaxsini muddatidan ilgari oshkor qilishni talab qildilar, ular bunga jahl bilan rozi bo'lishdi,^[82] Linch o'zining eng katta professional pushaymonliklaridan biri deb atagan narsada.^[83] Qotilni aniqlab, payshanbadan shanbaga o'tar kechasi ko'chib o'tgandan so'ng, Twin Peaks yana bir necha epizodda davom etdi, ammo reytinglar pasayganidan keyin bekor qilindi. Keyingi epizodlarda yozuvchilar va rejissyorlar tomonidan olib borilgan yo'nalishni yoqtirmagan Linch, so'nggi qismni boshqargan. U buni a bilan tugatdi jarlik, keyinroq "bu oxirigacha emas. Bu odamlar tiqilib qolgan shu tugash" deb aytdi.^[84]

Esa Twin Peaks ishlab chiqarishda bo'lgan Bruklin musiqa akademiyasi - deb so'radi musiqani yozgan Linch va Badalamenti Twin Peakstarkibida 1989 yilda ikki marotaba namoyish etiladigan teatrlashtirilgan asar yaratish New Music America festivali. Natijada bo'ldi 1-sonli sanoat simfoniyasi: Singan yurakning orzusikabi tez-tez ishlaydigan Lynch hamkorlari ishtirok etgan Laura Dern, Nikolas Keyj va Maykl J. Anderson va qo'shiq aytgan beshta qo'shiqni o'z ichiga olgan Jyuli kruzi. Linch 1990 yilda spektaklning 50 daqiqalik videotasvirini tayyorlagan.^[85] Ayni paytda, u turli xil narsalarni yaratishda ham ishtirok etgan reklama roliklari kompaniyalar uchun, shu jumladan Iv Sen-Loran, Kalvin Klayn, Giorgio Armani va Yaponiyaning "Namoi" ​​kofe kompaniyasi, uning tarkibida Tvin Peaksda bedarak yo'qolgan xotinini qidirayotgan yapon erkak ishtirok etdi.^[86]

Lynch da 1990 yil Kann kinofestivali

Linch birinchi epizodlari ustida ishlayotganda Twin Peaks, uning do'sti Monty Montgomeri "Menga o'zi kino sifatida suratga olmoqchi bo'lgan kitobini berdi. U men ijrochi prodyuser bo'lsam bo'ladimi yoki yo'qmi deb so'radi va men:" Ajoyib, Monti, lekin men uni o'qib, sevib qolsam va xohlasam nima bo'ladi? buni o'zim qilayapmanmi? Va u: "U holda siz buni o'zingiz qilishingiz mumkin", dedi. " Kitob edi Barri Gifford roman Yurakda yovvoyi: Dengizchi va Lulaning hikoyasi, yo'lda sayohat qilgan ikki sevishganlar haqida. Linch "buni o'z vaqtida to'g'ri narsa deb bildi. Kitob va Amerikadagi zo'ravonlik mening xayolimda birlashdi va turli xil voqealar sodir bo'ldi".^[88] Giffordning ko'magi bilan Linch romanni moslashtirdi Yurakda yovvoyi, a jinoyat va yo'l filmi yulduzcha Nikolas Keyj dengizchi va Laura Dern Lula sifatida.^[89] Uning syujetini "yo'l rasmlari, muhabbat qissalari, psixologik drama va zo'ravon komediya" ning "g'alati aralashmasi" deb ta'riflagan Linch, asl romanning ko'p qismini o'zgartirib, oxirini o'zgartirdi va ko'plab havolalarni o'z ichiga oldi. Oz sehrgar.^[90] Amerikalik tanqidchilar va tomoshabinlarning jimgina javoblariga qaramay, Yurakda yovvoyi g'olib bo'ldi Palma d'Or da 1990 yil Kann kinofestivali.^[6]

Keyin Yurakda yovvoyimuvaffaqiyat, Lynch bekor dunyoga qaytdi Twin Peaks, bu safar Frostsiz, birinchi navbatda prekvell, shuningdek qisman davomi bo'lgan filmni yaratish. Linch: "Hikoyaning o'z vaqtida oldinga va orqaga qaytishi menga yoqdi", dedi.^[91] Natija, Egizak cho'qqilar: Yong'in men bilan birga (1992), birinchi navbatda, Laura Palmer hayotidagi so'nggi bir necha kun atrofida aylandi va teleserialga qaraganda ancha "qorong'i" bo'lib, hazilning ko'p qismi olib tashlandi va shu kabi mavzular bilan shug'ullangan. qarindoshlar va qotillik. Linchning ta'kidlashicha, film "yaqin qarindoshlar qurbonining yolg'izlik, sharmandalik, aybdorlik, chalkashlik va vayronagarchilik" haqida. CIBY-2000 kompaniyasi moliyalashtirildi Egizak cho'qqilar: Yong'in men bilan birgaVa teleseriallarning aksariyat aktyorlari o'z rollarini takrorlashdi, ammo ba'zilari rad etishdi va ko'pchilik loyihaga qiziqish bildirmadi.^[92] Film Qo'shma Shtatlarda tijorat va tanqidiy muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchradi, ammo Yaponiyada xit bo'ldi va ba'zi tanqidchilar, masalan Mark Kermode, buni Linchning "asar" deb atashgan.^[93]

Ayni paytda, Linch ba'zi yangi televizion dasturlarda ishlagan. U va Frost komediya seriyasini yaratdilar Efirda (1992), bu uchta qism efirga uzatilgandan so'ng bekor qilingan va u Monti Montgomeri bilan uch qismni yaratgan HBO kichkintoylar Mehmonxona xonasi (1993) bir mehmonxonada turli sanalarda sodir bo'lgan voqealar haqida.^[94]

1993 yilda Linch yapon musiqachisi bilan hamkorlik qildi Yoshiki uchun videoda X Yaponiya qo'shig'i "Sog'inchlik ~ Setsubou no Yoru ~ ". Video hech qachon rasman chiqarilmagan, ammo Linch o'zining 2018 yil xotirasida ta'kidlagan Orzu qilish uchun xona "ba'zi ramkalar shunchalik chiroyli", siz ishonolmaysiz.^[95]

Muvaffaqiyatsiz televizion ishlaridan so'ng, Linch filmga qaytdi. 1997 yilda u chiziqli bo'lmagan, noiresque Yo'qotilgan magistral Barri Gifford tomonidan yozilgan va rol ijro etgan Bill Pullman va Patrisiya Arketa. Film tijorat maqsadlarida muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchradi va tanqidchilar tomonidan turli xil javoblar oldi.^[96][97]

Keyin Linch ssenariydan film ustida ishlashni boshladi Meri Suini va Jon E. Roach, To'g'ri hikoya, haqiqiy voqeaga asoslanib: bu Alvin Straight (Richard Farnsvort ), keksa odam Laurens, Ayova, kasal akasini ziyorat qilish uchun 300 millik safarga boradi (Garri Din Stenton ) ichida Sion tog'i, Viskonsin, tomonidan maysazor haydash. Nega bu stsenariyni tanlaganingiz haqidagi savolga Linch: "Men bundan keyin uni sevib qoldim", deb aytdi va Straight-ga hayratini bildirib, "uni" Jeyms Din, u qariganidan tashqari ".^[98] Badalamenti filmning musiqasini "o'tmishda [Linch] uchun qilgan balidan juda farq qiladi" deb yozgan.^[99]

Linchning boshqa filmlaridan ko'p farqlari orasida To'g'ri hikoya hech qanday haqoratli so'zlar, shahvoniylik va zo'ravonlikni o'z ichiga olmaydi va G tomonidan baholanadi (umumiy ko'rish) Amerika kinofilmlari assotsiatsiyasi, bu filmni "bezovta qilmaganligi, xafa qilmaganligi va sir tutmaganligidan" hayratga tushgan ko'pchilik uchun "hayratlanarli yangilik" bo'lib kelgan.^[100] Le Blan va Odell yozishicha, syujet uni "Linchning avvalgi asarlaridan tasavvur qilib bo'lmaydigan darajada uzoqroq ko'rinishga olib keldi, ammo aslida boshidanoq, bu butunlay uning filmi - syurreal yo'l filmi".^[101]

2000-yillar: Mulhollend-disk va boshqa asarlar

Naomi Uotts, Devid Linch, Laura Elena Xarring va Jastin Teru 2001 yil Kann kinofestivali

Xuddi shu yili Linch yaqinlashdi ABC yana televizion drama g'oyalari bilan. Tarmoq Linchga serial uchun ikki soatlik uchuvchini suratga olishga ruxsat berdi Mulhollend-disk, ammo tarkib va ​​ish vaqti bo'yicha tortishuvlar loyihaning muddatsiz to'xtatilishiga olib keldi. Ammo frantsuzlardan 7 million dollar bilan ishlab chiqarish kompaniyasi StudioCanal, Linch uchuvchini film sifatida yakunladi, Mulhollend-disk. Film, chiziqli bo'lmagan syurrealistik ertak Gollivud qorong'u tomoni yulduzlar Naomi Uotts, Laura Xarring va Justin Theroux. U butun dunyo bo'ylab kassalarda nisbatan yaxshi natija ko'rsatdi va juda muvaffaqiyatli bo'lib, Linchni qo'lga kiritdi Eng yaxshi rejissyor da 2001 yil Kann kinofestivali (bilan bo'lishilgan Joel Coen uchun U erda bo'lmagan odam ) va Nyu-York kinoshunoslar assotsiatsiyasining eng yaxshi rejissyori. Shuningdek, u "Oskar" mukofotining uchinchi "Eng yaxshi rejissyor" nominatsiyasini oldi.^[102] 2016 yilda film 36 mamlakatdan kelgan 177 kinoshunoslar ishtirokidagi BBC so'rovnomasida 21-asrning eng yaxshi filmi deb topildi.^[103]

Internetning tobora ommalashib borishi bilan Linch uni tarqatish kanali sifatida foydalanishga qaror qildi va 2001 yil 10-dekabrda Internetga kirgan davidlynch.com veb-saytida o'zi yaratgan bir nechta yangi seriyalarni chiqardi.^[104] 2002 yilda u bir qator onlayn shortlarni yaratdi, DumbLand. Sakkiz epizodli seriya keyinchalik mazmuni va ijro etilishida atayin qo'pol bo'lib chiqdi.^[105] Xuddi shu yili Linch syurreal sitcomni chiqardi, Quyonlar, gumanoid quyonlar oilasi haqida. Keyinchalik u o'zining tajribalarini o'tkazdi Raqamli video qisqa yaponcha uslubdagi dahshat shaklida mavjud Qorong'i xona. 2006 yilda Linchning badiiy filmi Ichki imperiya ozod qilindi. Uch soat ichida bu uning filmlari ichida eng uzuni. Yoqdi Mulhollend-disk va Yo'qotilgan magistral, an'anaviy rivoyat tarkibiga amal qilmaydi. Bu Lynch muntazam ravishda yulduz Laura Dern, Garri Din Stenton va Justin Theroux, tomonidan kelganlar bilan Naomi Uotts va Suzi va Jeyn Rabbitning ovozlari sifatida Laura Xarring va ijrochi Jeremy Irons. Linch telefon qildi Ichki imperiya "muammoga duch kelgan ayol haqida sir". Uni targ'ib qilish maqsadida u sigir va plakat bilan chiqish qildi "Pishloq bo'lmasa, bo'lmaydi Ichki imperiya".^[106]

2009 yilda Linch o'g'li Ostin Linch va do'sti Jeyson S. tomonidan rejissyorlik qilgan hujjatli veb-serialni yaratdi. Intervyu loyihasi.^[107] Bilan ishlashga qiziqaman Verner Gertsog, 2009 yilda Linch Hertsogning filmida hamkorlik qildi O'g'lim, o'g'lim, nima qilding?. Nostandart rivoyat bilan film o'zini o'zi qilgan aktyorning haqiqiy hikoyasiga asoslangan matritsid ishlab chiqarishda harakat qilayotganda Oresteya va muntazam ravishda Linchni yulduzcha bilan ijro etgan Greys Zabriski.^[108] 2009 yilda Linch hujjatli film suratga olishni rejalashtirgan edi Maharishi Mahesh Yogi uni tanigan odamlar bilan suhbatlardan iborat,^[109] ammo bundan hech narsa chiqmadi.

2010 yillar: davom etgan ish, Twin Peaks uyg'onish

2010 yilda Linch mehmonlarga tashrif buyurishni boshladi Oilaviy yigit quyi tashkilot ochish Klivlend shousi kabi Gus Barmen. U shouda uning bosh rol ijrochisi ishtirok etishiga ishonch hosil qilgan edi, Mayk Genri, ko'rgandan keyin butun hayoti o'zgarganini his qilgan Linchning muxlisi Yurakda yovvoyi.^[110] Lady Blue Shanxay Linch tomonidan yozilgan, rejissyor va tahrir qilingan 16 daqiqali reklama filmidir Dior. U 2010 yil may oyida Internetda chiqdi.

Linch ingliz tilidagi konsertga rahbarlik qildi yangi to'lqin guruh Duran Duran 2011 yil 23 martda. Konsert bo'lib o'tdi jonli efirda dan YouTube'da Maya teatri Los-Anjelesda ikkinchi mavsumga start sifatida Sahnasiz: American Express-dan original seriya. "G'oya - sahnada Duran Duranga singib ketgan tasvirlar qatlamini tezda yaratish va sinab ko'rish", dedi Linch. "Eksperimentlar dunyosi va umid qilamanki baxtsiz hodisalar".^[111] Qisqa animatsion Men qizil tugmachaga tegaman, Lynch va guruh o'rtasidagi hamkorlik Interpol, Interpolning kontserti paytida fonda o'ynagan Coachella Valley musiqa va san'at festivali Interpolning "Chiroqlar" qo'shig'ini o'z ichiga olgan qisqa metrajli keyinchalik Internetda mavjud bo'ldi.^[112]

Linch nafaqaga chiqmoqchi bo'lganiga ishonishgan kino sanoati; ga binoan Abel Ferrara, Linch "bundan keyin ham film suratga olishni xohlamaydi. Men u bilan bu haqda gaplashdim, yaxshimi? Men u bu haqda gapirganda bilaman."^[113] Ammo 2012 yil iyun oyida Los Anjeles Tayms intervyu bergan Linch, unga yangi kino loyihasini boshlash uchun ilhom etishmasligini aytdi, ammo "Agar men sevib qolganim haqida g'oyam bo'lsa, men ertaga ishga borar edim".^[114] 2012 yil sentyabr oyida u FX-da uch qismli "Kechki shou" yoyida paydo bo'ldi Louie Jek Dal kabi. 2012 yil noyabr oyida Linch ishtirok etish paytida yangi film rejalari haqida shama qildi Bundan tashqari, kameraga tushirish yilda Bydgoszcz, Polsha, "bir narsa yaqinlashmoqda. Bu sodir bo'ladi, lekin qachonligini aniq bilmayman" deb aytdi.^[115] Plus Camerimage-da, Linch umr bo'yi yutuq mukofotiga sazovor bo'ldi va Shahar uchun kalit Bydgoszcz meridan, Rafał Bruski.^[116] Bilan 2013 yil yanvar oyida bergan intervyusida Los Anjeles Tayms, Laura Dern u va Linch yangi loyihani rejalashtirayotganini tasdiqladi,^[117][118] va The New York Times keyinchalik Lynch stsenariy ustida ishlayotganini ma'lum qildi.^[119] Idem Parij, litografik jarayon haqida qisqa metrajli hujjatli film, 2013 yil fevral oyida Internetda chiqarildi.^[120] 2013 yil 28 iyunda Lynch uchun mo'ljallangan video To'qqiz dyuymli mixlar Qo'shiq "Orqaga qaytdi "ozod etildi.^[121] Shuningdek, u fotosuratlar uchun suratga oldi Soqov raqamlar 2013 yil avgust oyida chiqarilgan o'z nomli albom.^[122]

Linch (chapda) bilan Kayl MacLachlan 2017 yilgi premyerasida Twin Peaks: Qaytish.

2014 yil 6 oktyabrda Linch Twitter orqali Frost bilan yangi to'qqiz epizodli mavsumni suratga olishni boshlashini tasdiqladi Twin Peaks 2015 yilda, 2016 yilda namoyish etilishi kutilayotgan epizodlar bilan Vaqtni ko'rsat.^[123] Linch va Frost barcha epizodlarni yozdilar. 2015 yil 5 aprelda Linch Twitter orqali ushbu loyihaning hayoti borligini e'lon qildi, ammo u endi rejaga rahbarlik qilmoqchi emas edi, chunki byudjet o'zi xohlagan narsa uchun juda kam edi.^[124] 2015-yil 15-mayda u Twitter orqali Showtime bilan chiqishlarini tartibga solib, qayta tiklanishiga qaytishini aytdi.^[125] Showtime kompaniyasining bosh ijrochi direktori Devid Nevins buni tasdiqladi va Linch uyg'onishning har bir epizodini boshqarishini va dastlabki to'qqiz epizod 18 tagacha kengaytirilganligini e'lon qildi.^[126] Filmni suratga olish 2016 yil aprel oyiga qadar yakunlandi.^[127][128] Ikki qismli premyera 2017 yil 21 mayda namoyish etildi.^[129]

Uchun bosing Twin Peaks, Linchdan yana filmdan iste'foga chiqdingizmi yoki yo'qmi deb so'rashdi va u so'nggi badiiy filmni suratga olganligini tasdiqlayotganday tuyuldi va shunday javob berdi: "Vaziyat juda o'zgarib ketdi ... Shuncha filmlar kassada yaxshi ishlamayotgan bo'lsa ham ajoyib filmlar edi va kassada yaxshi ish olib borishi men istagan narsalar emas edi ".^[130] Keyinchalik Linch ushbu bayonot noto'g'ri talqin qilinganligini aytdi: "Men kinodan ketaman deganim yo'q, shunchaki kelajakni nima kutishini hech kim bilmaydi".^[131]

Ning so'nggi epizodidan beri Qaytish efirga uzatilgan, to'rtinchi mavsum haqida taxminlar bo'lgan. Linch yana bir mavsum bo'lishini inkor etmadi, ammo agar shunday bo'ladigan bo'lsa, u 2021 yilgacha efirga chiqmasligini aytdi.^[132]

2020 yil: Ob-havo ma'lumotlari va qisqa metrajli filmlar

Linch 2000-yillarning boshlarida hozirda ishlamay qolgan veb-saytida ob-havo haqida hisobot berdi.^[133] Endi u Los-Anjelesdagi kvartirasidan ob-havo haqida hisobotlarni tayyorlashga qaytdi, yangi qator bilan Devid Linch bugungi kunda nima ustida ishlamoqda?, which details him making collages. In one of these weather reports, he detailed a dream he had about being a German soldier shot by an American soldier on Kun.^[134][135] Lynch rereleased his 2002 film Quyonlar YouTube'da.^[136][137] On July 17, 2020, his store for merchandise released a set of face masks with Lynch's art on them for the Covid-19 pandemiyasi.^[138]

Lynch is reportedly working on a new project for Netflix under the working titles Visteriya va Unrecorded Night. He is set to write and direct 13 episodes with an $85 million budget; production will begin in May 2021 in Los Angeles.^[139][140]

Cinematic influences and themes

Ta'sir

Lynch has said his work is more similar in many respects to that of European filmmakers than American ones, and that most films that "get down and thrill your soul" are by European directors.^[142] He has expressed his admiration for such filmmakers as Federiko Fellini,^[142] Verner Gertsog, Alfred Xitkok,^[143] Roman Polanski va Jak Tati,^[142] bilan birga Stenli Kubrik va Billi Uaylder. He has said that Wilder's Quyosh botishi bulvari (1950) is one of his favorite pictures,^[144] as are Kubrick's Lolita (1962), Tati's Hurmatli Xulotning ta'tili (1953), Hitchcock's Orqa oyna (1954), and Herzog's Stroszek (1977).^[145] U shuningdek keltirilgan Herk Xarvi "s Ruhlar karnavali (1962) va Jerzy Skolimovskiy "s Deep End (1970) as influences on his work.^[146]

Motiflar

Several themes recur in Lynch's work. Le Blanc and Odell write, "his films are so packed with motifs, recurrent characters, images, compositions and techniques that you could view his entire output as one large jigsaw puzzle of ideas".^[147] One of the key themes they note is the usage of dreams and dreamlike imagery and structure, something they relate to the "surrealist ethos" of relying "on the subconscious to provide visual drive". This can be seen in Merrick's dream of his mother in Fil odam, Cooper's dreams of the red room in Twin Peaks and the "dreamlike logic" of the narratives of Eraserhead, Mulhollend-disk va Ichki imperiya.^[148] Of his attitude to dreams, Lynch has said, "Waking dreams are the ones that are important, the ones that come when I'm quietly sitting in a chair, letting my mind wander. When you sleep, you don't control your dream. I like to dive into a dream world that I've made or discovered; a world I choose ... [You can't really get others to experience it, but] right there is the power of cinema."^[149] His films are known for their use of sehrli realizm. The motif of dreams is closely linked to his recurring use of drones, real-world sounds and musical styles.^[150]

Another of Lynch's prominent themes is industry, with repeated imagery of "the clunk of machinery, the power of pistons, shadows of oil drills pumping, screaming woodmills and smoke billowing factories", as seen in the industrial wasteland in Eraserhead, the factories in Fil odam, the sawmill in Twin Peaks and the lawnmower in To'g'ri hikoya.^[151] Of his interest in such things, Lynch has said, "It makes me feel good to see giant machinery, you know, working: dealing with molten metal. And I like fire and smoke. And the sounds are so powerful. It's just big stuff. It means that things are being made, and I really like that."^[152]

Another theme is the dark underbelly of violent criminal activity in a society, such as Frenk But ’s gang in Moviy baxmal and the cocaine smugglers in Twin Peaks. The idea of deformity is also found in several of Lynch's films, from Fil odam to the deformed baby in Eraserhead, as well as death from head wounds, found in most of Lynch's films. Other imagery common in Lynch's works includes flickering electricity or lights, fire, and stages upon which a singer performs, often surrounded by drapery.^[151]

Istisno Fil odam va Dune, which are set in Viktoriya davri London va a fictitious galaxy respectively, all of Lynch's films are set in the United States, and he has said, "I like certain things about America and it gives me ideas. When I go around and I see things, it sparks little stories, or little characters pop out, so it just feels right to me to, you know, make American films."^[153] A number of his works, including Moviy baxmal, Twin Peaks va Yo'qotilgan magistral, are intentionally reminiscent of 1950s American culture despite being set in later decades of the 20th century. Lynch has said, "It was a fantastic decade in a lot of ways ... there was something in the air that is not there any more at all. It was such a great feeling, and not just because I was a kid. It was a really hopeful time, and things were going up instead of going down. You got the feeling you could do anything. The future was bright. Little did we know we were laying the groundwork for a disastrous future."^[154]

Lynch also tends to feature his leading female actors in "split" roles, so that many of his female characters have multiple, fractured identities. This practice began with his casting Sheril Li ikkalasi kabi Laura Palmer va uning amakivachchasi Maddi Fergyuson yilda Twin Peaks and continued in his later works. Yilda Yo'qotilgan magistral, Patrisiya Arketa plays the dual role of Renee Madison/Alice Wakefield; yilda Mulhollend-disk Naomi Uotts plays Diane Selwyn/Betty Elms and Laura Harring plays Camilla Rhodes/Rita; yilda Ichki imperiya Laura Dern plays Nikki Grace/Susan Blue. The numerous alternative versions of lead characters and fragmented timelines may echo and/or reference the ko'plab olamlarning talqini ning kvant fizikasi and perhaps Lynch's broader interest in kvant mexanikasi.^[155] Some have suggested that Lynch's love for Hitchcock's Vertigo, which employs a split lead character (the Judy Barton and Madeleine Elster characters, both portrayed by Kim Novak ) may have influenced this aspect of his work.^[156][157]

His films frequently feature characters with supernatural or omnipotent qualities. They can be seen as physical manifestations of various concepts, such as hatred or fear. Examples include The Man Inside the Planet in Eraserhead, BOB yilda Twin Peaks, The Mystery Man in Yo'qotilgan magistral, The Bum in Mulhollend-disk, and The Phantom in Ichki imperiya. Lynch approaches his characters and plots in a way that steeps them in a dream state rather than reality.^[158]

Takroriy hamkorlik qiluvchilar

Lynch is also widely noted for his collaborations with various production artists and composers on his films and other productions.^[159] U tez-tez ishlaydi Anjelo Badalamenti to compose music for his productions, former wife Meri Suini as a film editor, casting director Yoxanna Rey va aktyorlar tarkibi Garri Din Stenton, Jek Nans, Kayl MacLachlan, Naomi Uotts, Izabella Rossellini, Greys Zabriski va Laura Dern.

Filmografiya

Xususiyatlari

Televizion seriyalar

Boshqa ishlar

Rassomlik

Lynch's painting Demak bu sevgi, 1992

Lynch first trained as a painter, and although he is now better known as a filmmaker, he has continued to paint. Lynch has stated that "all my paintings are organic, violent comedies. They have to be violently done and primitive and crude, and to achieve that I try to let tabiat paint more than I paint."^[162] Many of his works are very dark in colour, and Lynch has said this is because

I wouldn't know what to do with [colour]. Colour to me is too real. It's limiting. It doesn't allow too much of a dream. The more you throw black into a colour, the more dreamy it gets ... Black has depth. It's like a little egress; you can go into it, and because it keeps on continuing to be dark, the mind kicks in, and a lot of things that are going on in there become manifest. And you start seeing what you're afraid of. You start seeing what you love, and it becomes like a dream.^[163]

Many of his works also contain letters and words added to the painting. U tushuntiradi:

The words in the paintings are sometimes important to make you start thinking about what else is going on in there. And a lot of times, the words excite me as shapes, and something'll grow out of that. I used to cut these little letters out and glue them on. They just look good all lined up like teeth ... sometimes they become the title of the painting.^[162]

Lynch considers the 20th-century Irish-born British artist Frensis Bekon to be his "number one kinda hero painter", stating that "Normally I only like a couple of years of a painter's work, but I like everything of Bacon's. The guy, you know, had the stuff."^[164]

Lynch was the subject of a major art retrospective at the Fondatsiya kartasi, Paris from March 3 – May 27, 2007. The show was titled The Air is on Fire and included numerous paintings, photographs, drawings, alternative films and sound work. New site-specific art o'rnatishlar were created specially for the exhibition. A series of events accompanied the exhibition including live performances and concerts.^[165]

His alma mater, the Pensilvaniya tasviriy san'at akademiyasi, presented an exhibition of his work, entitled "The Unified Field", which opened on September 12, 2014 and ended in January 2015.^[166]

Lynch is represented by Kayne Griffin Corcoran in Los Angeles, and has been exhibiting his paintings, drawings, and photography with the gallery since 2011.^[167]

His favorite photographers include Uilyam Eggleston (The Red Ceiling ), Joel-Peter Vitkin va Dayan Arbus.^[168]

Musiqa

Lynch in August 2007

Lynch has also been involved in a number of music projects, many of them related to his films. His album genres switch mainly between tajriba jinsi, atrof-muhit soundscapes and, most recently, avant-garde elektropop musiqa. Most notably he produced and wrote lyrics for Jyuli kruzi birinchi ikkita albom, Tunda suzib yurish (1989) va Sevgi ovozi (1993), in collaboration with Anjelo Badalamenti who composed the music and also produced. Lynch also worked on the 1998 Jocelyn Montgomery albom Lux Vivens (Living Light), The Music of Hildegard von Bingen.^[169] For his own productions, he composed music for Yurakda yovvoyi, Egizak cho'qqilar: Yong'in men bilan birga, Mulhollend-diskva Quyonlar. 2001 yilda u ozod bo'ldi BlueBob, a rock album performed by Lynch and John Neff. The album is notable for Lynch's unusual guitar playing style. He plays "upside down and backwards, like a lap guitar", and relies heavily on effects pedals.^[170] Most recently Lynch composed several pieces for Ichki imperiya, including two songs, "Ghost of Love" and "Walkin' on the Sky", in which he makes his public debut as a singer. In 2009, his new book-CD set Qalbning qorong'i kechasi ozod qilindi.^[171] In 2008, he started his own record label called David Lynch MC which first released Fox Bat Strategy: A Tribute to Dave Jaurequi in early 2009. In August 2009, it was announced that he was releasing Afghani/American singer Ariana Delawari's Lion of Panjshir album in conjunction with Manimal vinil yozuvlar kompaniyasi.

In November 2010, Lynch released two elektropop music singles, "Good Day Today" and "I Know", through the independent British label Yakshanba kuni eng yaxshi yozuvlar. Describing why he created them, he stated that "I was just sitting and these notes came and then I went down and started working with Dean [Hurley, his engineer] and then these few notes, 'I want to have a good day, today' came and the song was built around that".^[172] The singles were followed by an album, Crazy Clown vaqti, which was released in November 2011 and described as an "electronic blues album".^[173] The songs were sung by Lynch, with guest vocals on one track by Karen O ning Ha ha ha,^[174] and composed and performed by Lynch and Din Xarli.^[173] All or most of the songs for Crazy Clown vaqti were put into art-music videos, Lynch directing the title song's video.^{[175][176][177][178]} The Crazy Clown vaqti song and video are a fantastic minimalistic parody of hip-hop music and videos.

On September 29, 2011, Lynch released Ushbu poezd with vocalist and long-time musical collaborator Chrysta Bell on the La Rose Noire label.^[179] The 11-song album was produced by Lynch and co-written primarily by Lynch and Chrysta Bell.^[180] It includes the song "Polish Poem" which is featured on the Ichki imperiya soundtrack. The musical partnership also yielded a 5- song EP entitled Somewhere in the Nowhere, released October 7, 2016, on Meta Hari Records.^[181]

Lynch's third studio album, Katta tush, was released in 2013 and included the single "Men shu erda kutaman ", with Swedish singer-songwriter Lykke Li.^[182] Katta tush's release was preceded by TBD716, an enigmatic 43-second video featured on Lynch's YouTube and Uzum hisob-kitoblar.^[183]

For Record Store Day 2014, David Lynch released The Big Dream Remix Raisi which featured four songs from his album remixed by various artists. This included the track "Are You Sure" remixed by Bastiliya. The band Bastille have been known to take inspiration from David Lynch's work for their songs and music videos, the main one being their song "Laura Palmer " which is influenced by Lynch's television show Twin Peaks.^[184]

On November 2, 2018, a collaborative album by Lynch and Angelo Badalamenti, titled Fikrlar to'dasi, was released on vinyl and on compact disc. The album was recorded around 1993 but was unreleased at the time. Two tracks from the album already appeared on the soundtrack from the 1992 movie 'Twin Peaks: Fire walk with me' and three other tracks were used for the 'Twin Peaks' TV series in 2017.^[185][186]

In May 2019, Lynch provided guest vocals on the track Fire is Coming by Flying Lotus. He also co-wrote the track that appears on Flying Lotus' album Flamagra. A video accompanying the song was released on April 17, 2019.^[187]

Dizayn

Lynch designed and constructed furniture for his 1997 film Yo'qotilgan magistral, notably the small table in the Madison house and the VCR case. In April 1997, he presented a furniture collection at the prestigious Milan mebel ko'rgazmasi Italiyada. "Design and music, art and architecture – they all belong together."^[188]

Working with designer Raphael Navot, architectural agency Enia and light designer Thierry Dreyfus, Lynch has conceived and designed a nightclub in Paris.^[189] "Silencio" opened in October 2011, and is a private members' club although is free to the public after midnight. Patrons have access to concerts, films and other performances by artists and guests. Inspired by the club of the same name in his 2001 film Mulhollend-disk, the underground space consists of a series of rooms, each dedicated to a certain purpose or atmosphere. "Silencio is something dear to me. I wanted to create an intimate space where all the arts could come together. There won't be a Warhol-like guru, but it will be open to celebrated artists of all disciplines to come here to programme or create what they want."^[190]

Adabiyot

In 2006, Lynch authored a short book describing his creative processes, stories from throughout his career, and the benefits he had realized through his practice of Transandantal meditatsiya deb nomlangan Katta baliqni ovlash: meditatsiya, ong va ijod. He describes the metaphor behind the title in the introduction:

Ideas are like fish.

If you want to catch little fish, you can stay in the shallow water. But if you want to catch the big fish, you've got to go deeper.

Down deep, the fish are more powerful and more pure. They're huge and abstract. And they're very beautiful.

The book weaves a non-linear autobiography with descriptions of Lynch's cognitive experiences during Transcendental Meditation.^[191] All author's royalties will be donated to the Devid Linch fondi.

Bilan birga Kristin Makkenna, Lynch, in June 2018, published the book Room to Dream. The book is a hybrid of biography and memoir. The book gives the reader a look into his personal and creative life through his own words and through those of his colleagues, family and friends.^[192]

Mukofotlar va nominatsiyalar

Oskar mukofotlari

British Academy Film mukofotlari

Kann kinofestivali

Direktorlar gildiyasi mukofoti

Primetime Emmy mukofotlari

Oltin globus

Mustaqil ruh mukofotlari

Venetsiya kinofestivali

Amerika Yozuvchilar Gildiyasi mukofoti

Saturn mukofotlari

In 2017, Lynch was awarded The Edvard MakDovell medali tomonidan MacDowell mustamlakasi for outstanding contributions to American culture.^[193]

Shaxsiy hayot

Aloqalar

Lynch has had several long-term relationships. In 1967, he married Peggy Lentz in Chicago, Illinoys.^[194] Ularning bitta farzandi bor edi, Jennifer Linch, born in 1968, who is a film director.^[195] They filed for divorce in 1974.^[196] On June 21, 1977, Lynch married Mary Fisk, and the couple had one child, Austin Jack Lynch, born in 1982.^[197] Ular 1987 yilda ajrashishdi.^[196] Lynch later developed a relationship with Meri Suini, with whom he had one son, Riley, born in 1992.^[198] Sweeney also worked as Lynch's longtime film editor/producer and co-wrote and produced To'g'ri hikoya. The two married in May 2006, but filed for divorce that June.^[199] In 2009, Lynch married actress Emily Stofle,^[200] who appeared in his 2006 film Ichki imperiya shuningdek 2017 revival of Twin Peaks. The couple have one child, Lula Boginia Lynch, born in 2012.^[200]

Siyosiy qarashlar

Lynch has said that he is "not a political person" and that politics is "something [he] know[s] little about".^[201] However, in the 1990s he expressed admiration for former US President Ronald Reygan,^[202] stating that "I mostly liked that he carried a wind of old Hollywood, of a cowboy."^[201] Describing his political philosophy in 2006, he stated, "at that time, I thought of myself as a ozodlik. I believed in next to zero government. And I still would lean toward no government and not so many rules, except for traffic lights and things like this. I really believe in traffic regulations."^[203] Lynch continued to state that "I'm a Demokrat hozir. And I've always been a Democrat, really. But I don't like the Democrats a lot, either, because I'm a smoker, and I think a lot of the Democrats have come up with these rules for non-smoking."^[203] U ma'qulladi markaz-chap Tabiiy huquq partiyasi ichida 2000 yilgi prezident saylovi^[204] and later stated that he would vote for Demokratik amaldagi Barak Obama ichida 2012 yilgi prezident saylovi.^[205]

In 2016 yil AQSh prezident saylovi, he endorsed Berni Sanders,^[206] whom he described as "for the people."^[207] He voted for Sanders in the 2016 Democratic Primary^[208] and for Libertarian candidate Gari Jonson ichida umumiy saylov.^[209] In a June 2018 interview with Guardian, he stated that Donald Trump could go down as "one of the greatest presidents in history because he has disrupted the [country] so much. No one is able to counter this guy in an intelligent way." He added: "Our so-called leaders can't take the country forward, can't get anything done. Like children, they are. Trump has shown all this."^[208] The interviewer clarified that "while Trump may not be doing a good job himself, Lynch thinks, he is opening up a space where other outsiders might."^[208] At a rally later that month Trump read out sections from the interview claiming Lynch as a supporter (though he misspoke, saying, "David Lynch could go down as one of the greatest presidents in history"^[210]). Lynch later clarified on his official Facebook page that the quote was taken out of context and stated that Trump "[would] not have a chance to go down in history as a great president" if he continued on the course of "causing suffering and division", advising him to "treat all the people as you would like to be treated ".^[211]

Transandantal meditatsiya

Lynch speaking on Transcendental Meditation and the creative process in 2007^[212]

Lynch advocates the use of Transandantal meditatsiya in bringing peace to the world.^[213] He was initiated into Transcendental Meditation in July 1973, and has practiced the technique consistently since then.^[214][215] Lynch says he met Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, asoschisi TM harakati, for the first time in 1975 at the Spiritual Regeneration Movement center in Los Angeles, California.^[216][217] He reportedly became close with the Maharishi during a month-long "Millionaire's Enlightenment Course" held in 2003, the fee for which was AQSH$1 million.^[218]

In July 2005, he launched the David Lynch Foundation for Consciousness-Based Education and Peace,^[219][220] established to help finance scholarships for students in middle and high schools who are interested in learning the Transcendental Meditation technique and to fund research on the technique and its effects on learning. Bilan birga Jon Xeyglin and Fred Travis, a brain researcher from Maharishi menejment universiteti (MUM), Lynch promoted his vision on college campuses with a tour that began in September 2005.^[221] Lynch is on the board of trustees of MUM^[222] and has hosted an annual "David Lynch Weekend for World Peace and Meditation" there since 2005.^[223]

Lynch was working for the building and establishment of seven buildings, in which 8,000 salaried people would practice advanced meditation techniques, "pumping peace for the world". He estimates the cost at US$7 milliard. As of December 2005, he had spent US$400,000 of personal money, and raised US$1 million in donations.^[215] 2006 yil dekabrda Nyu-York Tayms reported that he continued to have that goal.^[219] Lynch's book, Katta baliqni ovlash (Tarcher/Penguin 2006), discusses the impact of the Transcendental Meditation technique on his creative process. Lynch attended the funeral of the Maharishi in India in 2008.^[218] He told a reporter, "In life, he revolutionised the lives of millions of people. ... In 20, 50, 500 years there will be millions of people who will know and understand what the Maharishi has done."^[224] In 2009, he went to India to film interviews with people who knew the Maharishi as part of a biographical documentary.^[225][226]

In 2009, Lynch organized a benefit concert at Radio City Music Hall for the David Lynch Foundation. On April 4, 2009, the "Change Begins Within" concert featured Pol Makkartni, Ringo Starr, Donovan, Sheril qarg'a, Eddi Vedder, Moby, Bettye LaVette, Ben Xarper va Mayk Sevgi of the Beach Boys.^[227] Devid uchishni xohlaydi, released in May 2010, is a documentary by German filmmaker David Sieveking "that follows the path of his professional idol, David Lynch, into the world of Transcendental Meditation (TM)".^[228][229] In this very personal documentary Sieveking deals critically with the Transcendental Meditation. At the end of the film, it becomes clear that Sieveking rated the engagement of his former idol Lynch as problematic.^[230]

An independent project starring Lynch called Beyond The Noise: My Transcendental Meditation Journey, directed by film student Dana Farley, who has severe dyslexia and attention deficit disorder, was shown at film festivals in 2011,^[231] including the Marbella Film Festival.^[232] Kinorejissyor Kevin Shon Mayklz is one of the producers.^[233] In 2013 Lynch wrote: "Transcendental Meditation leads to a beautiful, peaceful revolution. A change from suffering and negativity to happiness and a life more and more free of any problems."^[213]

In 2019, British contemporary artist Aleksandr de Kadenet interviewed David Lynch about his views on enlightenment and Transcendental Meditation. Lynch commented about the technique saying; "Here’s an experience that utilizes the full brain, that’s what it’s for; it’s for enlightenment, for higher states of consciousness culminating in the highest state of unity consciousness."^[234]

Veb-sayt

Lynch designed his personal website, a site exclusive to paying members, where he posts short videos and his absurdist seriyali Dumbland, plus interviews and other items. The site also featured a daily ob-havo haqida hisobot, where Lynch gives a brief description of the weather in Los Angeles, where he resides. Until June 2010, this weather report (usually no longer than 30 seconds) was also being broadcast on his personal YouTube channel, David Lynch – Daily Weather Report.^[235][236] An absurd rington ("I like to kill deer") from the website was a common tovush ısırığı kuni Xovard Stern shousi 2006 yil boshida.

Lynch is a coffee drinker and has his own line of special organic blends available for purchase on his website as well as in Butun ovqatlar.^[237][238] Called "David Lynch Signature Cup", the coffee has been advertised via flyers included with several recent Lynch-related DVD releases, including Ichki imperiya and the Gold Box edition of Twin Peaks. The possibly self-mocking tag-line for the brand is "It's all in the beans ... and I'm just full of beans."^[239] This is also a quote of a line said by Justin Theroux ning xarakteri Ichki imperiya.

Arxiv

The moving image collection of David Lynch is held at the Academy Film Archive, which has preserved two of his student films.^[240]

Yakkaxon ko'rgazmalar

Ushbu bo'lim tirik odam haqida qo'shimcha kerak iqtiboslar uchun tekshirish. Iltimos, qo'shib yordam bering ishonchli manbalar. Tirik odamlar haqida manbalar bo'lmagan yoki kam manbalardan olingan munozarali materiallar darhol olib tashlanishi kerak, ayniqsa potentsial bo'lsa tuhmat yoki zararli. Manbalarni toping: "Devid Linch"  – Yangiliklar  · gazetalar  · kitoblar  · olim  · JSTOR (2020 yil mart) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling)

Diskografiya

Studiya albomlari

• BlueBOB (2001)
• Crazy Clown vaqti (2011)
• Katta tush (2013)

Hamkorlikdagi albomlar

• Lux Vivens (with Jocelyn Montgomery) (1998)
• The Air Is On Fire (with Dean Hurley) (2007)
• Polsha tungi musiqasi (with Marek Zebrowski) (2007)
• Ushbu poezd (with Chrysta Bell) (2011)
• Somewhere in the Nowhere (with Chrysta Bell) (2016)
• Fikrlar to'dasi (with Angelo Badalamenti) (recorded 1992/93) (2018)

Shuningdek qarang

• Devid Linchning amalga oshirilmagan loyihalari

Adabiyotlar

222. https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/12/8/16742798/twin-peaks-movie-or-tv-show

Bibliografiya

• Le Blan, Mishel va Odell, Kolin (2000). Devid Linch. Harpenden, Xertfordshir: Pocket Essentials. ISBN  1-903047-06-4.
• Linch, Devid va Rodli, Kris (2005). Lynch haqida Lynch (qayta ishlangan tahrir). Nyu-York: Faber va Faber. ISBN  978-0-571-22018-2.
• Linch, Devid va Makkenna, Kristin (2018). Orzu qilish uchun xona. Tasodifiy uy. ISBN  9780399589195

Qo'shimcha o'qish

Tashqi havolalar

• Rasmiy veb-sayt
• Devid Linch da Britannica entsiklopediyasi
• Devid Linch kuni IMDb
• Devid Linch da AllMovie
• Devid Linch da Moviefone
• Devid Linch da Rotten Tomatoes
• Linch haqidagi kitoblar va maqolalar bibliografiyasi orqali UC Berkeley Media Resurslar Markazi