Janubiy Afrikaning dengiz knidarianlari ro'yxati - List of marine cnidarians of South Africa

Janubiy Afrika qirg'oqlarining xaritasi, turlar oralig'ida ko'rsatilgan ba'zi bir diqqatga sazovor joylarni aks ettiradi

The dengiz ro'yxati cnidarians ning Janubiy Afrika ro'yxati sho'r suv turlari cnidarianning bir qismini tashkil etadigan (Phylum Cnidaria) Janubiy Afrikaning faunasi. Ushbu ro'yxat chuchuk suvli cnidarianlarni o'z ichiga olmaydi. Ro'yxat quyidagicha SANBI ro'yxat iNaturalist, va har doim ham rozi bo'lmaydi WoRMS tarqatish uchun.

Knidariya (/nɪˈd.ermenə,n-/) a filum shohlik ostida Animalia tarkibida 11000 dan ortiq turlari ning suv hayvonlari toza suvda ham, dengiz muhitida ham, asosan ikkinchisida uchraydi.

Ularning ajralib turadigan xususiyati cnidocytes, ular asosan yirtqichni ushlash uchun foydalanadigan maxsus hujayralar. Ularning tanalari quyidagilardan iborat mesoglea, jelga o'xshash, ikki qatlam o'rtasida joylashgan modda epiteliy asosan bitta hujayra qalin.

Ular asosan ikkita asosiy tana shakliga ega: suzish meduza va o'tiradigan poliplar, ikkalasi ham radial nosimmetrik og'izlari bilan o'ralgan holda chodirlar cnidocytes ko'taradi. Ikkala shakl ham bitta teshik va uchun ishlatiladigan tana bo'shlig'i hazm qilish va nafas olish. Ko'plab cnidarian turlari ishlab chiqaradi koloniyalar meduzaga o'xshash yoki tashkil topgan yakka organizmlar polip - hayvonot bog'lari singari yoki ikkalasi ham (shuning uchun ham ular trimorfik ). Cnidarians faoliyati markazlashmagan tomonidan muvofiqlashtiriladi asab tarmog'i va oddiy retseptorlari. Ning bir nechta bepul suzish turlari Kubozoa va Sfenozoa muvozanatni sezgirlikka ega bo'lish statotsistlar, ba'zilari esa oddiy ko'zlarga ega. Hamma cnidarians emas jinsiy yo'l bilan ko'payish, ko'p turlari murakkab hayot tsikllariga ega jinssiz polip bosqichlari va jinsiy meduzalar. Ba'zilar esa, polipni yoki medusa bosqichini qoldiradilar.

Knidarianlar ilgari birlashtirilgan edi ktenoforlar filumda Coelenterata, ammo ularning farqlari to'g'risida xabardorlikni oshirish ularni alohida filaga joylashtirishga olib keldi. Cnidarians to'rtta asosiy guruhga bo'linadi: deyarli butunlay o'tiradigan Anthozoa (dengiz anemonlari, mercanlar, dengiz qalamlari ); suzish Sfenozoa (meduza ); Kubozoa (quti jeli); va Gidrozoa (turli chuchuk suvli cnidarianlarni va ko'plab dengiz shakllarini o'z ichiga olgan va ikkala harakatsiz a'zolarga ega bo'lgan turli xil guruh, masalan Gidra kabi mustamlakachi suzuvchilar Portugaliyalik odam o 'urushi ). Staurozoa yaqinda a sifatida tan olingan sinf Skypozoa sub-guruhi emas, balki o'zlari uchun juda yuqori parazitar Mikozoa va Polipodiozoa 2007 yilda cnidarians sifatida qat'iy tan olingan.

Cnidarians ko'pchilik o'lja organizmlar dan kattaligiga qadar plankton o'zlaridan bir necha baravar kattaroq bo'lgan hayvonlarga, ammo ko'pchilik ozuqa olishadi dinoflagellatlar, va bir nechtasi parazitlar. Ko'pchilik boshqa hayvonlar tomonidan o'ldiriladi, shu jumladan dengiz yulduzi, dengiz shilimshiqlari, baliq, toshbaqalar va hatto boshqa cnidarians. Ko'pchilik skleraktin marjonlar - bu strukturaviy asosni tashkil etadi marjon riflari - simbiotik fotosintetik bilan to'ldirilgan poliplarga egalik qilish zooxanthellae. Rif hosil qiluvchi mercanlar deyarli butunlay iliq va sayoz dengiz suvlari bilan cheklangan bo'lsa-da, boshqa knidarianlarni juda chuqurlikda, qutbli mintaqalar va chuchuk suvda.

Yaqinda filogenetik qo'llab-quvvatlashni tahlil qiladi monofil cnidarians, shuningdek, sifatida cnidarians o'rnini opa-singillar guruhi ning bilateriyaliklar. Taxminan hosil bo'lgan toshlardan toshqotgan knidarianlar topilgan 580 million yil oldinva boshqa qoldiqlar, marjonlar oldinroq bo'lganligini ko'rsatadi 490 million yil oldin va bir necha million yildan keyin diversifikatsiya qilindi. Biroq, molekulyar soat tahlil qilish mitoxondrial genlar uchun juda katta yoshni taklif qiladi toj guruhi atrofida taxmin qilingan cnidarians 741 million yil oldin, deyarli 200 million yil oldin Kembriy davri shuningdek, har qanday qoldiqlar. (To'liq maqola ...)

Anthozoa klassi, Hexacorallia subklassi

Actiniaria buyurtmasi, endocoelantheae suborder

Halcuriidae oilasi

Nynantheae pastki buyrug'i, Athenaria infraorder

Edvardsiida oilasi

Halcampidae oilasi

Haloclavidae oilasi

Infarorder Tenaria

Super oilaviy Acontiaria, oilaviy Acontiophoridae

Aiptasiidae oilasi

Hormathiidae oilasi

Isophellidae oilasi

Nemanthidae oilasi

Sagartiidae oilasi

Superfamily Endomyaria, oilaviy Actiniidae

Oilaviy aktinodendronidae

Aliciidae oilasi

Condylanthidae oilasi

Liponematidae oilasi

Stichodactylidae oilasi

Superfamily Mesomyaria, Actinostolidae oilasi

Ptychodacteae suborder

Preactiidae oilasi

Superfamily Actiniaria incertae sedis, Metridiidae oilasi

Antipatharia buyurtmasi

Antipatida oilasi

Ceriantharia buyurtmasi, Spirularia suborder

Cerianthidae oilasi

Corallimorpharia buyurtmasi

Corallimorphidae oilasi

Oilaviy Discosomatidae

Skleraktiniyani buyurtma qiling

Acroporidae oilasi

Agariciidae oilasi

Caryophylliidae oilasi

Coscinaraeidae oilasi

Dendrophylliidae oilasi

Euphylliidae oilasi

Fungiidae oilasi

Lobophylliidae oilasi

Merulinidae oilasi

Mussidae oilasi, Faviinae oilasi

  • Favia spp. - soxta ko'plab chuqurchalar mercanlari[1]

Plesiastreidae oilasi

Pocilloporidae oilasi

Poritidae oilasi

Psammocoridae oilasi

Scleractinia incertae sedis

Scleractinia incertae sedis

Zoantharia buyurtmasi, Brachycnemina suborder

Sphenopidae oilasi

Zoanthidae oilasi

Macrocnemina suborder

Parazoanthidae oilasi

Octocorallia subklassi

Alcyonacea buyurtmasi, Alcyoniina suborder

Alcyoniidae oilasi

Nefteidae oilasi

Nidaliidae oilasi

Parasphaerascleridae oilasi

Xeniidae oilasi

Kalsaxoniya buyurish

Chrysogorgiidae oilasi

Ellisellidae oilasi

Isididae oilasi

Primnoidae oilasi

Holaxonia subrderi

Acanthogorgiidae oilasi

Gorgoniidae oilasi

Keroeididae oilasi

Plexauridae oilasi

Sublerodik skleraksiya

Anthothelidae oilasi

Subfamily Melithaeinae

Subol Stolonifera

Clavulariidae oilasi

Tubiporidae oilasi

Pennatulacea buyurtma qiling

Chunellidae oilasi

Echinoptilidae oilasi

Scleroptilidae oilasi

Sessiliflorae suborder

Anthoptilidae oilasi

Funiculinidae oilasi

Kophobelemnidae oilasi

Protoptilidae oilasi

Umbellulidae oilasi

Veretillidae oilasi

subsessiliflorae suborder

Halipteridae oilasi

Pennatulidae oilasi

Virgulariidae oilasi

Kubozoa sinfi

Carybdeida buyurtmasi

Carybdeidae oilasi

Tamoyidae oilasi

Chirodropida buyurtma qiling

Chirodropidae oilasi

Chiropsalmidae oilasi

Hydrozoa klassi, Hydroidolina subklassi

Anthoathecata buyurtmasi, Aplanulata suborder

Candelabridae oilasi

Corymorphidae oilasi

Tubulariidae oilasi

Suborder Capitata

Asyncorynidae oilasi

Cladocorynidae oilasi

Oilaviy oila Cladonematidae

Corynidae oilasi

Halimedusidae oilasi

Milleporidae oilasi

Moerisiidae oilasi

Pennariidae oilasi

Porpitidae oilasi

Solanderiidae oilasi

Sphaerocorynidae oilasi

Teissieridae oilasi

Zancleidae oilasi

Zancleopsidae oilasi

Capitata incertae sedis

Capitata incertae sedis

Capitata incertae sedis

Suborder Filifera

Bougainvilliidae oilasi

Bythotiaridae oilasi

Cytaeididae oilasi

Eudendriidae oilasi

Hydractiniidae oilasi

Hydrichthyidae oilasi

Magapiidae oilasi

Oceaniidae oilasi

Pandeidae oilasi

Proboscidactylidae oilasi

Rathkeidae oilasi

Stylasteridae oilasi

Leptotekatani buyurtma qiling

Aequoreidae oilasi

Blackfordiidae oilasi

Campanulinidae oilasi

Campanulariidae oilasi

Eirenidae oilasi

Hebellidae oilasi

Laodiceidae oilasi

Lineolariidae oilasi

Lovenellidae oilasi

Malagazziidae oilasi

Mitrocomidae oilasi

Phialellidae oilasi

Sertulariidae oilasi

Family Syntheciidae

Family Thyroscyphidae

Family Tiarannidae

Family Tiaropsidae

Superfamily Plumularioidea, family Aglaopheniidae

Family Haleciidae

Family Halopterididae

Family Kirchenpaueriidae

Family Lafoeidae

Family Plumulariidae

Order Siphonophorae, suborder Calycophorae

Family Abylidae, subfamily Abylinae

Subfamily Abylopsinae

Family Clausophyidae

Family Diphyidae, subfamily Diphyinae

Subfamily Sulculeolariinae

Family Hippopodiidae

Family Prayidae, subfamily Amphicaryoninae

Subfamily Nectopyramidinae
Subfamily Prayinae

Family Sphaeronectidae

Suborder Cystonectae

Family Physaliidae

Family Rhizophysidae

Suborder Physonectae

Family Agalmatidae

Family Apolemiidae

Family Forskaliidae

Family Physophoridae

Family Pyrostephidae

Subclass Trachylinae

Order Limnomedusae

Family Olindiidae

Order Narcomedusae

Family Aeginidae

Family Cuninidae

Family Solmarisidae

Order Trachymedusae

Family Geryoniidae

Family Halicreatidae

Family Rhopalonematidae

Class Scyphozoa

Order Coronatae

Family Atollidae

Family Nausithoidae

Family Periphyllidae

Order Carybdeida

Family Carybdeidae

Order Rhizostomeae, suborder Kolpophorae

Family Cassiopeidae

Family Cepheidae

Suborder Daktyliophorae

Familu Catostylidae

Family Rhizostomatidae

Order Semaeostomeae

Family Cyaneidae

Family Pelagiidae

Family Ulmaridae

Class Staurozoa

Order Stauromedusae, suborder Cleistocarpida

Family Depastridae

Family Lipkeidae

Izohlar

Adabiyotlar

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  3. ^ a b v d e f g h men j k l m n o p q r s t siz v w x y z aa ab ak reklama ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar kabi da au av aw bolta ay az ba bb mil bd bo'lishi bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx tomonidan bz taxminan cb cc CD ce cf cg ch Schleyer 2008, To be cited
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  6. ^ McFadden, C.S. & L.P. van Ofwegen 2012. A revision of the soft coral genus, Eunephthya Verrill, 1869 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Nephtheidae), with a description of four new species from South Africa. Zootaxa 3485: 1-25
  7. ^ a b v d e f g h men j k l m n o p q r s t siz v w x y z aa ab ak reklama ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar kabi da au av aw bolta ay az ba Williams, Gary C. (July 1992). "The Alcyonacea of Southern Africa. Gorgonian Octocorals (Coelenterata. Anthozoa)". Janubiy Afrika muzeyi yilnomalari. 101 (8). ISSN  0303-2515.
  8. ^ a b v d e f g h men j k l m n o p q r s t siz v w x y Williams, Gary C. (1990). "The Pennatulacea of Southern Africa (Coelentera, Anthozoa)". Janubiy Afrika muzeyi yilnomalari. 99 (4). ISSN  0303-2515.
  9. ^ a b v d e f g h men j k l m n o p q r s t siz v w x y z aa ab ak reklama ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar kabi da au av aw bolta ay az ba bb mil bd bo'lishi bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx tomonidan bz taxminan cb cc CD ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl sm cn ko CP kv kr CS ct kub Rezyume cw cx cy cz da db DC dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn qil dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec tahrir ee ef masalan eh ei ej ek el em uz eo ep tenglama er es va boshqalar EI ev qo'y sobiq ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl GM gn boring gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd u hf hg hh salom hj hk hl hm hn ho HP hq soat hs ht salom hv xw xx Millard, N.A.H. (1975 yil dekabr). "Monograph on the Hydroida of South Africa". Janubiy Afrika muzeyi yilnomalari. 68. ISSN  0303-2515.
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