Kaliforniya shtatining Oklend shahri hokimlari ro'yxati - List of mayors of Oakland, California

Oklend tarkibiga kiritilganidan o'n uch kun o'tgach, 1852 yil 17-mayda shaharni boshqargan vasiylik kengashi Karpenterga butun qirg'oqqa 37 yil muddatga huquqlar berdi (tez orada "abadiy ravishda oddiy pullik" deb o'zgartirildi), evaziga 5 dollar. va uchta iskala va bitta maktab uyi qurilgan. Karpentier qirg'oqqa egalik qilishdan tashqari, bugungi kunda Merritt ko'li bo'ylab parom monopoliyasini va pullik ko'prigini ham qurdi, shuning uchun "u va uning sheriklari Oklendga kirgan yoki undan chiqqan deyarli har bir yo'lovchi, hayvon yoki yuk ashyolari uchun haq yig'ishdi. . "Bagvel, Bet (1982). Oklend: Shahar haqida hikoya. Novato, Ca: Presidio Press. p. 48. ISBN  0-9640087-0-X. Carpentier-ning qirg'oqdagi monopoliyasini ag'darish bo'yicha g'ayratli harakatlar deyarli darhol boshlandi va keyinchalik markaziy yoki Tinch okeanining janubiy temir yo'lida joylashgan bo'lib, 1865 yilda Carpentier'dan ko'chib o'tgan daryoning katta qismiga egalik qildi.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

1852 yilda u davlat majlisiga saylandi, u odatda juda firibgar g'alaba deb qaraldi, ammo qonun chiqaruvchi organda u Alameda okrugi va / yoki Oklendning 1854 yilda shahar sifatida qo'shilishi. Keyinchalik 1854 yil 17 aprelda S.J.ni mag'lubiyatga uchratib Oklendning birinchi meri etib saylandi. Klark, 192-92, qonuniyligi ko'pincha so'roq qilingan boshqa saylovlarda. Faqat 29 yoshda, Oklendning birinchi meri ham tanlangan eng yoshi edi. U Uchinchi va Elis ko'chalarida "dabdabali mulk" da yashagan (ikkinchisi uning yagona singlisining nomi bilan atalgan): Garchi 19-asrda Oklendning qirg'og'ini shaxsiy manfaati uchun bog'lab qo'ygan odam sifatida haqoratlansa-da, Carpentier ham to'la sodiq edi u yangi shaharning rivojlanishi va u uzoq maqsadlarni ko'zlab, ochilish marosimida ma'ruza qildi, boshqa maqsadlar qatorida Oklendni transkontinental temir yo'lning g'arbiy terminali bo'lishiga da'vat etdi (bu maqsad amalga oshirilishidan o'n besh yil oldin) va shaharning mahalliy aholisini qattiq saqlab qolish uchun. eman daraxtlari.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Demokratik partiyadan Bosh prokurorlikka nomzodni ko'rsatish uchun muvaffaqiyatsiz taklif uning siyosiy karerasini tugatdi va keyingi o'n yil ichida u shtatning birinchi telegraf tizimini qurgan Kaliforniya shtat telegraf kompaniyasining prezidenti va o'zaro bog'liq bo'lgan Overland telegraf kompaniyasining prezidenti bo'lgan. Kaliforniya Sharqqa, shuningdek Kaliforniya bankining asoschisi. U 1880 yilda Nyu-Yorkka qaytib keldi va 1918 yil 31 yanvarda 93 yoshida Nyu-York shahridagi Sharqiy o'ttiz ettinchi ko'chadagi 108-uyida vafot etdi. Geyvey, Nyu-York.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Karpentier ikkalasining ham vasiylik kengashiga saylangan edi Kolumbiya universiteti va Barnard kolleji 1906 yilda, 81 yoshida va o'limigacha taxtalarda xizmat qilgan. U o'z davrining "eng ilg'or, ma'rifatli, moliyaviy jihatdan saxiy ishonchli vakili" deb ta'riflangan, u AQShning istalgan universitetida xitoyshunoslik bo'yicha birinchi kafedrani yaratgan (u o'zining xitoylik hamdori Din Lung nomi bilan atagan); bitiruvchilarning kengashdagi vakili va katolik va yahudiylarning ishonchli vakillarini jalb qilish uchun bosilgan; Barnard ayollarining universitet ichidagi o'rnini egalladi (onasini hurmat qilganligi sababli, u o'qishdan bosh tortgan ajoyib ayol deb ta'riflagan); va doimiy ravishda universitet prezidenti Nikolas Myurrey Butlerni universitetni nafaqat "buyuk", balki "demokratik" qilish uchun bosim o'tkazdi. O'limidan oldin ko'p yillar davomida bir necha xizmatkor va kolli iti bilan yashagan Karpentier, shuningdek, Hayvonlarga nisbatan shafqatsizlikning oldini olish jamiyatining ishonchli vakili va xayrixohi bo'lgan. Yaqin avlodlari bo'lmagan umrbod bakalavr bo'lib, u 3,5 million dollarlik mulkni qoldirib, uning 2 million dollarini Kolumbiya universiteti va Barnard kollejiga berdi (ilgari ushbu muassasalarni tark etgan 2 million dollarga qo'shimcha ravishda), 100 000 AQSh dollarini Kaliforniya Universitetiga Berkli shahridagi Tinch okeani diniy seminariyasiga 100000 dollar. U Oklend muassasalariga hech narsa qoldirmadi.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Carpentier "shubhasiz ulkan energiya odami, uning g'ayrioddiy va tez-tez shafqatsiz taktikasida juda katta ahamiyatga ega bo'lgan quruqlik baroniga aylangan ... o'limi paytida uni xo'rlash va hurmat qilish kabi ... 1877 yilda Oklend Daily Transcript-da "Agar erta ko'chib kelganlar Horace Carpentiereni qulay daraxtga olib borib, osib qo'yishganida, ular tez-tez tahdid qilgandek, bu xatti-harakatlar yaqin avlodlar uchun beqiyos foydali bo'lar edi." Deb yozgan edi Kolumbiya universiteti kutubxonachisi. U haqiqiy sirli odam edi - hatto Kolumbiya kengashida birga ishlagan ishonchli shaxslar ham u va uning o'tmishi haqida hech narsa bilmas edilar. "Kaliforniya kashshoflari jamiyati bir vaqtlar uning hayoti va yutuqlari haqida tasavvur berishni so'raganida, u shunday deb yozgan edi:^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

"Hech qanday noloyiq ota-onadan - puritanlarning puritanidan - men boshqalar tug'ilgandek, kichkina vahshiy bo'lib 1824 yilda tug'ilganman. Men ta'limsiz va madaniyatsiz juda ko'p ishlarni odatiy usulda bajarganman. bir nechta narsalar yaxshi; hayot, men ko'rib turganimdek, yaxshilik va yomonlik aralashgan, boshqalarda yoki hatto o'zim uchun alohida qiziqish uyg'otadigan yoki umuman yo'qligi bilan, yoki bu sizning jamiyatingiz tarixnomasida eslashga arziydi. Ehtimol, men uchun kattaroq va yaxlitroq tarixni kashf eta oladigan, fantastika va ritorikaning ustalari bo'lishi mumkin, ammo bu mening qo'limdan kelgan eng yaxshi narsadir. "^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Noto'g'ri er egalik huquqi tufayli u Oklenddagi uyidan ayrilib, San-Frantsiskoga qaytib, keyin Sharqqa yashash uchun ketdi. U Oklendda yashagan va 1876 yil 19 yanvarda shu erda vafot etgan o'g'lini ko'rish uchun yana chiqdi. U Mountain View-da dafn etilgan.

U "bu shaharning bosh sudyasi vakolatxonasini to'ldirgan eng madaniyatli odamlardan biri" deb ta'riflangan bo'lsa-da, Uilyams, ehtimol, har doim yozuvchining o'gay otasi sifatida yodda qoladi Bret Xart. O'g'li to'qqiz yoshida vafot etgan Bretning otasi Genri Xart, Uilyams bilan bir vaqtda Union kollejida tahsil olgan. Ular yaqin do'st bo'lishdi va bir necha yil o'tgach, Uilyams Nyu-Yorkda yosh beva Elizabeth Ostrander Xarte bilan sudga murojaat qildi, garchi ular aslida 1853 yilda San-Frantsiskoda turmush qurishgan bo'lsa. Keyingi yili Bret va uning singlisi onalari bilan uchrashish va qolish uchun chiqdilar. , taxminan bir yil davomida Oklenddagi yangi uyida. Uilyams "xushmuomalali, juda shamolli va dabdabali janob ... biznesda va siyosatda gullab-yashnashi uchun etarlicha aqlli" deb ta'riflangan va Xartening biograflari umuman Uilyams Xartening juda bombardir xarakteri bo'lgan polkovnik Starbottles uchun namuna bo'lib xizmat qilganiga qo'shilishadi. .

"Ittifoq asosda" deb ta'riflangan respublikachi, 1853 yilda Oklendning Vasiylik kengashining dastlabki xodimi bo'lib ishlagan, 1856 yilda shahar kengashi a'zosi va 1858 yilda kengash prezidenti bo'lib ishlagan. U okrug nozirlar kengashiga saylangan. 1857 yilda (1869 yilgacha, shu jumladan etti yil rais sifatida ishlagan) va 1859 yilda shtat qonun chiqaruvchisida. Bir vaqtning o'zida Oklend meri va shtat assambleyasi (!) sifatida ish olib borishda u ushbu lavozimlardan Oklendni davlat poytaxti sifatida targ'ib qilishda foydalangan. U 1867 yilda Sakkizinchi va Brodveyda birinchi shahar ma'muriy binosini qurgan. U erda shahar hukumati 1871 yilda birinchi shahar zali qurilguniga qadar bo'lgan. U 1898 yil 9 sentyabrda Berkli shahrida vafot etgan va Mountain View-da dafn etilgan.

Bleyk Oklendning birinchi shahar kengashiga 1854 yilda va yana 1861 yilda, 1862 yilda mer etib saylanishidan oldin saylangan. Bleyk Oklendda advokat sifatida joylashdi va uning rafiqasi, Millicent Kittredge Bleyk Frensis Shattakning singlisi bo'lgan, Oaklandning birinchi qizlar maktabining, o'sha paytdagi Oklendning eng yaxshi binolaridan birida Vashingtonda o'n birinchi va o'n ikkinchi ko'chalar o'rtasida joylashgan Bleyk seminariyasining (shuningdek, Oklend seminariyasida ham tanilgan) egasi bo'lgan. Bleyk 1875 yil 16 oktyabrda vafot etgan va Mountain View-da dafn etilgan.

Bu erda ko'p yillar davomida hukm surgan nochor kasallarni etishtirish tizimi unga juda yoqimsiz edi va u okrug nozirlari kengashini kasalxonani yoki kasalxonani, o'zi qurgan bino rejasini tuzishga undadi va qachon tashkil topdi. "U Xellining 1876 yil Alameda okrugi tarixiga ko'ra" u bir yil davomida okrugga o'zining xizmatlaridan befoyda foyda keltirdi. "U 1876 yilda Sharqga qaytib keldi va Kaliforniyaga 1873 yilgacha nomzod ko'rsatilgan yilgacha qaytib keldi. Mustaqil Konventsiya tomonidan shtat Senati va "kelishgan ko'pchilik" tomonidan saylangan. U 1886 yil 30 mayda Kalistogada vafot etgan va Mountain View-da dafn etilgan.

"Sudya Ferrisning o'z joniga qasd qilishi to'g'risida shanba kuni Sakramento Bee-da nashr etilganidan boshqa hech narsa topilmadi. Ushbu maqolada janob odam BF Ferris bo'lishi kerak edi, ammo XA Jonson nomiga javob berib, uni ko'rgan va suhbatlashgan. shanba kuni erta tongda Amador paroxodida yuguruvchi, keyin u oyoqlarini bir-biriga bog'lab, yuqori kemaning qo'riqchilariga o'tayotgan edi. Yuguruvchi uni tashlab ketdi, ammo ko'p o'tmay u bedarak yo'qolganini topdi. U haddan tashqari sakrab, cho'kib ketgan bo'lishi kerak. Uning xonasida "uning aziz xotini va qizi" nomiga zahar olib, keyin o'zini g'arq qilmoqchi bo'lganligi to'g'risida yozuv topilgan, unga "HA Jonson, taxallusi BFF" Shuningdek, u Oklenddagi B.F. Ferris xonim nomiga xat yozib, uni qayiqdagi xizmatchiga oldinga yo'naltirish uchun berdi. "

1952 yilda Dvinelle Xoll Berkli Kaliforniya universiteti kampusga John W. Dwinelle nomi berilib, uning mas'uliyatini sharaflash uchun "Organik akt, "tashkil etgan Kaliforniya universiteti 1868 yilda, shuningdek, Universitetning birinchi a'zosi bo'lganligi Regents kengashi.^[1]

1875 yilda u 946 Mirtldan Tent va Marketdagi yangi uyiga ko'chib o'tdi va u erda 1883 yil 31 iyulda vafot etdi. U Mountain View-da dam oldi.

Merritt bir yarim muddat meri lavozimini egallab, shahar maslahatchisi va bo'lajak mer yordami bilan muvaffaqiyatga erishdi, Jon B. Felton va Horace Carpentier, "katta qirg'oqdagi kelishuv" ni amalga oshirishda. Merritt Sakkramentoda kechki ovqatga Davlat Assambleyasi va Senat a'zolarining yarmiga shaxsan mezbonlik qilganidan so'ng, Oakland Karpenterga qirg'oqning yarmi ustidan nazoratni davom ettirib, ikkinchi yarmini Markaziy Tinch okeani temir yo'liga etkazish uchun ruxsat berishga imkon beradigan qonun qabul qilindi. transkontinental temir yo'lning g'arbiy terminali. Merritt, shuningdek, shaharga qarashli birinchi shahar zali qurilishini boshladi, shaharning birinchi sog'liqni saqlash bo'limini joriy qildi va Oklendning shov-shuvli darajasiga olib keldi. U yaratgan o'n ikkinchi ko'cha to'g'onini qurishda o'zining shaxsiy boyligidan bemalol hissa qo'shdi Merritt ko'li va 1870 yilda shtat qonun chiqaruvchisi tomonidan ko'lni yovvoyi tabiat uchun boshpana deb e'lon qilish uchun itarildi, bu AQShdagi birinchi rasmiy boshpana. Kaliforniya Universitetining dastlabki sakkiz regentlaridan biri sifatida u Kaliforniya kollejining Oklend mulkini Berkli shahridagi qo'shimcha erlarga "juda foydali" almashtirishni amalga oshirishda faol ishtirok etdi va regentslar qurilish qo'mitasining raisi sifatida, Berkli kampusining dastlabki rejalashtirishining katta qismi uchun. U Oklendda yuzdan ziyod bino qurgan, "asosan o'z dizaynidan qurilgan va hammasi o'z poytaxti bilan qurilgan", shu qatorda 1880 yilda erga yoqib yuborilgan o'n ikkinchi ko'chadagi afsonaviy Grand Central Hotel mehmonxonasini qurgan. Uning fabrikasi ko'plab inshootlarni yog'och bilan ta'minlagan. vaqtning, shu jumladan Pardee uyi.

Bo'yi 190 santimetr va vazni 340 funt bo'lgan olti fut Merritt haqiqatan ham hayot figurasidan kattaroq edi. U yillar davomida o'n to'rtinchi va o'n beshinchi va Jekson va Medison ko'chalari o'rtasida joylashgan ulkan mulkda yashagan. Umr bo'yi bakalavr bo'lib, u tez-tez Meynga qaytib, u erdagi oilasiga qarashni xohladi va u 1890 yil 17-avgustda Oklenddagi uyida singlisi va xitoylik valet bilan vafot etdi. Dafn marosimi uning mulkida bo'lib o'tdi, jamoat va Unitar vazirlar raislik qildilar. Uning qariyb 2 million dollarlik mulki Merritt kasalxonasi binosiga (hozirgi qismi) to'g'ri keldi Alta Bates Summit tibbiyot markazi ) va ga Bowdoin kolleji. U qabriston uyushmasining birinchi prezidenti bo'lib ishlagan Mountain View qabristonidagi eng baland joylardan biridagi eng buyuk yodgorliklardan biri ostida dafn etilgan.

"Diniy masalalarda u ota-onasi aytgan Unitarizm tamoyillarini meros qilib olgan va u uzoq yillar davomida jamiyatning direktori va prezidenti bo'lgan Oklendning mustaqil cherkovining jiddiy a'zosi bo'lgan."

Spulding 1866 yilda "ushbu shaharning eng oqlangan me'moriy xususiyatlaridan biri bo'lgan uyga egalik qilish" uchun Oklendga ko'chib o'tgan. Respublikachi, u 1869 va 1870 yillarda shahar kengashiga saylangan, u erda ko'chalar qo'mitasining raisi sifatida Oklendning "eng qulay va foydali joylashtirilgan, eng yaxshi yoritilgan va eng yaxshi maqomlardan biri" maqomini olishida katta rol o'ynagan. ittifoqdagi makademizatsiya qilingan shaharlar. "

U 1871 va 1872 yillarda ikki marotaba meri etib saylangan, qarama-qarshiliklarsiz. San-Leandodan Oklendga okrug o'rindig'ini olib borish uchun Spulding tashabbus ko'rsatdi, u 1874 yilda shtat qonun chiqaruvchisi tomonidan tasdiqlandi va okrug Franklin va Vashington maydonlarini yangi sud binosi va Rekordlar zali uchun joy sifatida qabul qildi. U shahar hokimi bo'lganidan keyin yana ikki muddat kengashda (1873 va 1874) ishladi va shuningdek, Prezident tomonidan tayinlangandan keyin to'rt yil davomida AQSh xazinachisi yordamchisi sifatida ishladi. Jeyms A. Garfild. Yuqori darajadagi mason 188-sonli Oakland lojasining asoschisi va birinchi ustasi va Kaliforniya qirollik kamon masonlarining buyuk bosh ruhoniysi sifatida 1903 yil 8 oktyabrda vafot etdi. Yangi Britaniya, Konnektikut, lekin u bugun Mountain View-da qoladi.

Pardi shahar miqyosidagi iqtisodiy tushkunlik fonida meri etib saylandi, bu erda Oaklendda ishchilar noroziligi va "xitoyliklarga" qarshi qo'zg'alish kuchaymoqda. U barcha immigratsiyani to'xtatishni talab qilgan va Oklendning Chayna shahrini yoqib yuborish bilan tahdid qilgan ommaviy namoyishlarga duch keldi, keyin Grove va Jefferson ko'chalari o'rtasida, ettinchi ko'chada temir yo'l yonida joylashgan. Pardi Respublikachilar partiyasidagi qo'zg'olonga qarshi kurash olib bordi va 1877 yilda qayta saylandi, ammo uning ikkinchi davri 1877 yil 25 avgustda shahar hokimligini vayron qilgan shubhali yong'in kabi notinchlik bilan ajralib turardi; Mer Pardining harbiy holatni e'lon qilishi; the creation of a deputized committee of safety, or Posse comitatus (umumiy qonun), of almost 1,000 men; and the formation of two dissident political parties – the Workingmen's and the Citizens'. When not engaged in civic affairs, Pardee was also a nationally renowned marksman, an ardent Mason, and a co-founder of both the Oklendning birinchi unitar cherkovi and the Athenian Club, which he served as its first president. He died on September 21, 1896, and is buried at Mountain View, beside his son, George, the twenty-ninth mayor of Oakland.

Pardee ran for mayor, not as a Republican, but as the nominee of the Citizen's Municipal League, formed in 1893 to take immediate action toward recovery of the waterfront from the Southern Pacific, to end the alleged graft and incompetence of the Chapman administration, to achieve strict enforcement of liquor laws, to dredge Merritt ko'li, and to insist that the proposed lake boulevard should be paid for by neighboring property owners. The new Populist Party nominated John L. Davie (see below), who surprised everyone by coming in second to Pardee – 2,776 votes for Pardee; 2,328 for Davie; 2,191 for Democrat R.M. Fitzgerald; and 946 for Republican Timothy Barker. One other candidate, Dr. E.H. Woolsey, an Independent, received only 47 votes, but citizens flocked to his Sehrli chiroq slide shows, depicting the shortcomings of his opponents, during the campaign.Like his father, the Pardee fils faced major labor unrest, including striking railroad workers seizing trains, marines being called in from Mare oroli to quell riots, and hundred of "Coxey's Army" adherents being herded into box cars and shipped to Sacramento, an incident which earned the mayor the epithet of "pick-handle Pardee" for his alleged use of such an instrument against the strikers – an allegation which he always angrily denied.

Pardee went on to be elected governor of California in 1902, defeating his Democratic opponent, Franklin Lane, a fellow alumnus of Oakland High, by only the narrowest of margins. As governor he presided over the aftermath of the greatest natural disaster in California history, the Great Earthquake and Fire of 1906, coordinating emergency relief to San Francisco from the old City Hall in Oakland. Following his years in Sacramento, he went on to become a leading voice in the early conservation and progressive movements, a founding commissioner for the Port of Oakland, and, most importantly, the "father" of East Bay MUD (East Bay munitsipal kommunal okrugi ) va eponim uchun Pardee to'g'oni, which has provided the East Bay with one of the highest quality water supplies in the world since 1929. Pardee died on September 1, 1941, at his Oakland home, and was buried in the Mountain View qabristoni, next to his father, Oakland's eighteenth mayor, following a grand funeral at the Masonic Scottish Rite Temple overlooking Merritt ko'li.

In the late 1880s, he moved to Oakland, where he and his family settled on a "small ranch at what is now 33rd and West Streets – ten acres, good house, barn, and outhouses." Here he opened a hay, coal, and feed business on Washington Street, as well as a bookstore next door, where he enjoyed the company of the city's literati. He conducted a "David and Goliath" struggle with the Janubiy Tinch okean temir yo'li over their throttle hold on the Oakland waterfront, first when he constructed a wharf to serve his business and then when he introduced ferry service which was the only competition to the railroad's, and, after earning a law degree and arguing his case all the way to the Supreme Court, he was able to claim at least partial victories over the reviled Southern Pacific.

In 1895 Davie ran for the mayor's office as a Populist, as he had two years earlier in his defeat by Pardee, but this time he drew 4,543 votes to 3,861 for J. Nelson, the "fusion" nominee of the Citizens' Municipal League, the Democrats, and the Republicans. This was to be his first of two tenures as Mayor of Oakland. His pledge not to allow any tax rate above $1 was the downfall of his administration, as all city services suffered, and finally Davie was expelled from the Populist party. He ran for re-election as an Independent and champion of the small taxpayers, and narrowly lost to W.R. Thomas.

Snow's life came to an extremely bizarre end on the night of March 27, 1912, when he and Adolph Goldman, a San Francisco clothing merchant, murdered each other in the sanctuary of the First Congregational Church at Clay and Thirteenth Streets. This duel, which occurred just as the Wednesday evening prayer meeting was about to commence, was the "closing chapter of a strange history watched by and involving many prominent men, a history which for strangeness and grotesque tragedy outrivals the weird studies of erotics made by Havelock Ellis," as the Tribune exclaimed on its front page the following day. For some two weeks before the tragedy, the former mayor had been living under an assumed name at the Merritt Hotel at Ninth and Franklin Streets, and had been exchanging letters threatening murder with Goldman. Snow had asked for protection from the district attorney and had had his mail routed through the chief of police, while Goldman had hired a San Francisco private detective to help him physically locate Snow. When the detective learned that Snow regularly attended the Congregational Church, which he had once served as president of its trustees, it was just a matter of time before the fatal attack occurred.

Snow and Goldman had first met in 1900, when the former was mayor and the latter, a native of Constantinople and a new arrival in Oakland from New York, owned a clothing store on Washington St. between Eighth and Ninth Streets. Goldman had reportedly approached the mayor for a letter of introduction so that he could visit some wealthy relatives in China, and his extraordinary infatuation with Snow resulted from their very first meeting. In 1904 Goldman shot at and badly injured Snow in the Clarendon Hotel in San Francisco after accusing his daughter of trying to end their friendship; he was eventually found guilty of assault with intent to commit murder and sentenced to five years in San-Kventin, but he was released in March 1906 after less than a year of incarceration. Six more years of personal tumult between the two men followed before the fatal duel. Snow was cremated and his ashes interred next to those of his deceased wife in Ventura County; the remains of the 38-year-old Goldman were buried in Salem Cemetery in San Mateo County.

Olney was also an avid hiker and fisherman, who was familiar with the Sierra and Coastal mountains even before he met Jon Muir in 1889 through their mutual friend, Uilyam Keyt, the eminent landscape painter. The three would meet first in Keith's downtown San Francisco studio and later in Olney's nearby law office to "talk about the mountains."; The articles of incorporation of the Syerra klubi were drawn up by Olney and signed in his office on June 4, 1892, with Muir as president and Olney first vice-president; Olney's office served as headquarters during the first year of the Sierra Club's existence. He became close personal friends with Muir on many family and club outings, but broke with Muir and resigned from the Sierra Club over the issue of the fate of the Hetch Hetchi vodiysi, which he believed had to be sacrificed to assure municipal control of San Francisco's water supply. Olney resigned from the organization, in 1910, after seventeen years of personal leadership, when its membership voted 589 to 161 in opposition to the Hetch Hetchy project. He lived at 481 Prospect Avenue (29th Street)(demolished), where Jon Muir, Uilyam Keyt va Devid Starr Jordan tez-tez tashrif buyuradiganlar edi. He was a long-time trustee and benefactor of Mills kolleji, where the oldest dormitory on campus is named after him, as well as a close friend of Cyrus and Susan Mills. A member of the Berkeley Club, the University Club of San Francisco, and president of the Unitarian Club, he died on June 2, 1921 in Oakland, and was buried at Mountain View.

Mott, considered to be "The Mayor Who Built Oakland", presided over the greatest disaster relief operation in Oakland history when an estimated 150,000 people sought refuge in the city from the great '06 earthquake in San Francisco – a mobilization of resources so successful than perhaps 65,000 refugees eventually settled in Oakland. He was re-elected in 1907 by a six-to-one margin, defeating Socialist O.H. Phillbrick, 7,317 to 1,226, and re-elected in 1909 by defeating Citizens' Party candidate Dr. F.F. Jackson 8,352 to 6,045. Following the adoption of a new city charter establishing a boshqaruvning komissiya shakli in 1910, Mott won the 1911 election by defeating Socialist opponent Thomas Booth 11,722 to 9,837. In a fascinating but little-known chapter of Oakland history, Mott survived the city's first recall election, initiated by the radical Dunyo sanoat ishchilari, on August 5, 1912, with 17,139 voting in favor of keeping Mott in office, and 10,846 against.

He achieved, in 1909, final resolution of the waterfront issue which had preoccupied the leaders of Oakland since the city's founding, with a negotiated agreement with Southern Pacific to give up its rights to the waterfront in exchange for a fifty-year franchise on the property it then held. In 1911, Mayor Mott welcomed President Uilyam H. Taft to Oakland. The Chief Executive laid the cornerstone for the present City Hall. The massive harbor improvements which immediately followed were just part of an unprecedented era of public works projects, including the dredging of Lake Merritt, the building of the current City Hall and the Civic Auditorium (now known as the Kaiser Kongress markazi ), establishment of the pioneering Oakland Public Museum in the Josiah Stanford (now Camron-Stanford) House, and vast expansion and improvements to sewers, streets, lighting, electricity, fire and police protection, etc. He retired in 1915. Mott and his family lived at three different addresses as mayor – 1066 Jackson (1905–08), 1509 Webster (1909–1911), and 276 Lee Street in Adams Point (1912–1939) – all demolished. He served as the city's right-of-way agent from 1927 until his death on December 16, 1958, at the age of 92, at the Athens Athletic Club. An Episcopalian, Mott was cremated following his funeral at the Chapel of the Oaks under the auspices of Masonic Lodge 61.

Davie presided over an unorthodox commissioner form of municipal government, in which fifteen commissioners, including the mayor, each headed different city agencies and also acted as the legislative body, and charges that this system fed large-scale "cronyism" were a counterpoint to his popularity with the voters. However, there were many civic accomplishments during the Davie years, including the creation of EBMUD va Oklend porti, the opening of natural history and fine arts museums, the building of Skyline Boulevard by city prisoners, construction of the Posey Tube, construction in 1927 of the Oklend xalqaro aeroporti, major improvements to the harbor and Merritt ko'li va boshqalar.

He lived at the Bauer Hotel Apartments, at 1770 Broadway, as mayor, but retired to the Hotel Oakland, where he would still "hold court" in the lobby with his trademark red carnation and dapper clothes and walk to his frequent rowing trips on Lake Merritt. Davie, who retired in 1931 at the age of 80 and died on February 2, 1934, authored the only autobiography ever written by an Oakland mayor, His Honor, the Buckaroo, which was first serialized by the Oakland Post-Enquirer and later reprinted in book form. As the title suggests, it is filled with hokum.

Houlihan ham shahar masalalari bo'yicha milliy taniqli nazariyotchi, ham sudlangan jinoyatchi edi. U tadqiqot markazlari va shu jumladan, tadqiqot markazlari tomonidan moliyalashtiriladigan shahar ichidagi muammolarni o'rganish bo'yicha ma'mur sifatida ishlagan Respublika uchun fond va Demokratik institutlarni o'rganish markazi u meri bo'lganidan oldin va u qamoqdan chiqqanidan keyin Sonoma shtati va boshqa Bay Area maktablarida mahalliy boshqaruvga dars bergan. Houlihan, shahar hokimining 7500 dollarlik maoshi etarli emasligini ochiqchasiga va tez-tez aytgan, keksa beva ayolning mol-mulkidan 95000 AQSh dollarini o'g'irlashda ayblanayotganidan ikki oy oldin ish haqi masalasi sababli 1966 yil fevralida (30 apreldan boshlab) iste'foga chiqdi, Sarilla Uitlok (xususiy advokat sifatida, lekin shahar hokimi lavozimida). Oxir-oqibat u ushbu ayblov bilan sudlangan va u boshqa mulklardan 100000 AQSh dollarini, shu jumladan Oklenddagi katolik buyrug'ini o'zlashtirganligi ham aniqlangan. U eng kam xavfsizlik darajasida qamoqqa tashlandi Kaliforniya tibbiy muassasasi 1967 yilda Vakavilda, 1969 yilda shartli ravishda ozod qilingan va 1973 yilda gubernator tomonidan afv etilgan Ronald Reygan. U 1986 yil 31 iyulda Santa Rosa shahrida 75 yoshida vafot etdi. Respublika va katolik (Avliyo Paskal cherkovi), Xulixan va uning rafiqasi va to'rt farzandi Statsi ko'chasi (4994) da yashashgan. Jozef Noulend shtatidagi Arboretum va park ) shahar hokimi bo'lganida.

Vilson shahar meri lavozimida bo'lganida, u dastlabki ikkitasini tayinlagan Afroamerikalik portlash bo'yicha komissarlarning kuchli Oklend kengashida xizmat qiladigan ayollar, Kristin Skotlan va Kerol Uord Allen. So'nggi uch oylik ishida u shahar kengashini uni portga tayinlashga ishontirdi, bu juda ziddiyatli edi. Uilson 1998 yil 23 yanvarda 82 yoshida vafot etdi. U ham "Oklendning eski respublikachi gvardiyasini olib tashlash va afro-amerikalik siyosat va siyosatchilarning ko'tarilishini nazorat qilish uchun chaqirilgan odam" sifatida va ham huquqshunos va fuqarolik rahbari sifatida maqtovga sazovor bo'ldi. shaharning barcha jamoalari uchun adolatni o'zida mujassam etgan.

Dellums saylandi Berkli 1967 yil aprel oyida shahar Kengashi va davomida ishlagan Xalq parki 1969 yil may inqirozi. Kengashda u o'tirgan AQSh vakili ustidan g'alaba qozondi Jefferi Kohelan 1970 yil iyunida bo'lib o'tgan Demokratik partiyada bo'lib o'tgan saylovlarda va noyabrda bo'lib o'tgan umumiy saylovlarda g'olib bo'lgan. U Kongressda, Berkli, qo'shni shaharlar va Oklendning bir qismi sifatida, 1971 yildan iste'foga chiqqunga qadar 1998 yil fevralgacha, Vakillar palatasi qo'mitasining raisi bo'lib ishlagan. Kolumbiya okrugi (1979-1993) va Qurolli xizmatlar (1993-1995). Dellums Vashingtonga kelganidan so'ng darhol Vetnam urushining ashaddiy raqibiga aylandi va keyingi yillarda u prezidentlik ma'muriyatining ichki ustuvorliklari va xalqaro tashabbuslari bilan bog'liq asosiy muammolari bilan milliy sahnada bir xil darajada tanildi.