Ikkinchi sharob - Second wine - Wikipedia

Bordoning uchta ikkinchi sharoblari: Clos du Markis, ikkinchi sharob Leoville-Las Case, Chevalier de Lascombes, ikkinchi sharob Shateau Lascombes, va Les Hauts de Smith, ikkinchi sharob Chateau Smith Haut Lafitte.
The Grand vin va Ikkinchi vin Ikkinchi o'sish mulk Shateau Lascombes; The Ikkinchi vin Chevalier de Lascombes deb nomlangan.

Ikkinchi sharob yoki ikkinchi yorliq (Frantsuz: Ikkinchi vin) odatda biriktirilgan atamadir Bordo sharob yasalgan ikkinchi yorliqli sharobga murojaat qilish kub da foydalanish uchun tanlanmagan Grand vin yoki birinchi yorliq. Ba'zi hollarda a uchinchi sharob yoki hatto to'rtinchi sharob ham ishlab chiqariladi. Uyga qarab vinochilik uslubi, uzumzorning alohida uchastkalari tanlanishi mumkin, ko'pincha eng yosh uzumzorlar va fermentlangan alohida, eng yaxshi ko'rsatkichlarga ega bochkalar uyning eng yaxshi sharobiga tanlangan va boshqa bochkalarni alohida yorliq ostida shishaga solib, narxidan pastroq narxga sotgan Grand vin.

Kamroq qulay sharoitda uzumlar, ko'chmas mulk odatdagidan kichikroq hajmdagi sharobni chiqarishni emas, balki faqat ikkinchi markali sharobni chiqarishni tanlashi mumkin Grand vin yoki shu nom ostida o'tgan vintlarga mos kelmaydigan sharob. Amaliyot 18-asrda ildiz otgan, ammo 1980-yillarda iste'molchilar ushbu sharoblarni mahsulotni ichishning eng maqbul usuli sifatida kashf etgandan so'ng, tijorat jihatidan ko'proq tanilgan. Birinchi o'sish yoki Bordo tasniflangan ko'chmas mulk yorlig'i va tasnifi uchun mukofot to'lamasdan.[1] Qarama-qarshi hodisa, faqat eng yaxshi sharobni istisno yillarida chiqarish (aksariyat yillarda emas) Iberiyada kuzatiladi (Ispaniya va Portugaliya ) "Gran Reserva " zaxira sharob va vintage port.

Ishlab chiqaruvchining nuqtai nazari bo'yicha, ikkinchi sharob vino zavodiga uning uchun yanada qattiq tanlovdan foydalanishga imkon beradi Grand Vin, ikkinchi sharobni sotishda hali ham o'z nomidan va tarqatish kanallaridan foydalangan holda, bu juda ham ko'p bo'ladi foydali foydalanish uchun kamroq nomlangan sharobni "anonim ravishda" sotishdan ko'ra. beparvo ommaviy shishalar.

Tarix

Ikkinchi sharobni yaratish amaliyoti 18-asr yo'l sifatida Bordo sharob ishlab chiqaruvchilari qolgan sharobni isrof qilmasdan, o'zlarining mulk sharobiga kiradigan sharobni ko'proq tanlab olish. Yozuvlarga ko'ra, Chateau Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande 1874 yildagi o'zining "ikkinchi sharobini" 1891 yilga qadar jo'natdi Frantsiya ekspozitsiyasi yilda Moskva,[iqtibos kerak ] bo'lsa-da La Réserve de la Comtesse 1973 yilgacha xalqqa sotilmaydi.[2][3] Shateau Brane-Cantenac XVIII asrda bir muncha vaqt o'tgach, ikkinchi yorliqqa ega bo'lishi mumkin Dekanter, lekin aniqroq, Shato Léoville-Las Case birinchi uni ishlab chiqarilgan Clos du Markis 1904 yilda va Chateau Margaux bilan ta'qib qilingan Pavillon Rouge 1908 yildan ishlab chiqarilgan.[4]

Chateau Mouton Rotshild kambag'al 1927 yilgi vintage-ni chiqaradi, keyin Carruades de Mouton deb nomlanadi, keyin esa 1930 yilda Mouton kursanti ikkinchi yorliq sifatida, avvalgi qiyin hosildan sharobni chateau sifatida yaroqsiz deb sotish Grand vin arzon narxlarda vintage, natijada muvaffaqiyatli javob.[5][6] Keyinchalik ko'chmas mulk Mouton Cadet-ni portfelini pastga tushirish uchun ko'proq yorliqlar bilan kengaytirildi,[1] bilan Le Petit Mouton de Mouton Rotshild hozirda ko'chmas mulkning ikkinchi sharobi va Mouton Kadeti o'z-o'zidan rivojlanib bormoqda tovar belgisi aniq boshqacha marketing strategiyasi bilan.[5]

So'nggi o'n yilliklar ichida amalga oshirilgan yuqori sifatga intilishda qo'shimcha Bordo chateaux ikkinchi sharobni qo'shdi. 1980-yillardan beri bozor raqobatining kuchayishi bilan mulklar ko'proq tanlab olindi yig'ish ishlab chiqarishning katta qismlarini yoki ulgurji sotishga mo'ljallangan, yoki ikkinchi (yoki uchinchi) sharobga aralashtirilgan holga keltiradigan bosqich.[7][8]

Ikkinchi sharobga ega bo'lish odatda retsept bo'yicha belgilanadi Mishel Rolland va shunga o'xshash sharob ishlab chiqaruvchi maslahatchilar. Misol tariqasida, Chateau Kirwan, Uchinchi o'sish Margaux, ikkinchi sharoblarini qo'shdilar Les Charmes de Kirwan 1993 yilda, Rolland olib kelinganidan keyin.[9]

Ishlab chiqarish

Ikkinchi sharobni ishlab chiqarish ko'p jihatdan ko'chmas mulk ishlab chiqarishni aks ettiradi Grand vin bir xil uzumzordan, bir xil uzum aralashmasidan va bir xil sharob ishlab chiqaruvchidan yasalgan. Ba'zi tanlov yig'im-terimdan so'ng amalga oshiriladi, ko'pincha etishmayotgan yoki yoshroq uzumzorlar ekilgan uchastkalar ikkinchi sharob uchun ajratiladi, demak, ular yangi bochkalarning past foizida "arzonroq" davolanishadi. Qo'shimcha tanlov sharob ishlab chiqaruvchisi eng yaxshi ishlaydigan bochkalarni ajratib turganda, bochkaning qarishidan keyin amalga oshiriladi, aksariyat uy sharobini aks ettiradi, qolgan sharob esa ikkinchi, hatto uchinchi va to'rtinchi yorliqlarga solinadi.

Ikkinchi sharob sharobning ba'zi bir tavsiyalariga va xususiyatlariga ega bo'lishi mumkin, ammo odatdagidek sharobga qaraganda kamroq silliqlangan va tuzilgan. Ko'chmas mulk kamdan-kam hollarda o'zining ikkinchi sharobini targ'ib qiladi sharob yorliqlari bu mulkni faqat unga bog'liq holda saqlash istagi tufayli hatto ota-ona haqida ham eslatib o'tmaydi Grand vin.[10] Biroq, ba'zi bir yuqori darajadagi ishlab chiqaruvchilar ikkinchi sharoblarini "kamroq sharob" emas, balki "avvalroq iste'mol qilish uchun sharob" (ya'ni tezroq pishib etish) sifatida sotadilar.

Nomlash va tasniflash amaliyoti

Ikkinchi sharoblarda ko'pincha "chateau" so'zi yo'q, lekin ular sharob ishlab chiqaradigan nomning boshqa bir qismini tez-tez ishlatib, ism tanib olishadi. Tasniflangan o'sishning ikkinchi sharoblari, chunki ular turli xil sharoblardir, o'zlari 1855 tasnifiga yoki boshqa tasniflarga kirmaydi. Biroq, ular xuddi shunday foydalanish huquqiga ega apellyatsiya Grand Vin kabi, chunki ular xuddi shu narsadan kelib chiqqan terroir. Misol tariqasida, Les Forts de Latour xuddi Chateau Latour singari AOC Pauillac hisoblanadi, ammo bu birinchi o'sish yoki boshqa har qanday tasniflangan o'sish emas.

Bordoning ikkinchi va uchinchi sharoblari ro'yxati

Médoc 1855 o'sishi tasniflangan

Birinchi o'sish mulklariIkkinchi sharobUchinchi sharob
Chateau LatourLes Forts de Latour[1]Le Pauillac de Chateau Latour[11][12]
Chateau MargauxPavillon Rouge de Chateau Margaux[1]Margaux de Chateau Margaux[11][13]
Chateau Mouton-RotshildLe Petit Mouton de Mouton Rotshild[1]
Chateau Haut-BrionLe Clarence de Haut-Brion (ilgari Chateau Bahans Haut-Brion)[14]
Chateau Lafite RotshildCarruades de Lafite-Rotshild[10]
Ikkinchi o'sish mulklari
Chateau Rauzan-SéglaSegla
Chateau Rauzan-GassiesChevalier de Rauzan-Gassies (ilgari Enklos de Monabon)[4]
Shato Léoville-Las CaseLe Petit Lion de Marquis de las Case (2007 yildan beri Clos du Markis o'rnini egalladi)
Shato Léoville-PoyferréChateau Moulin Riche
Shato Léoville BartonLa Réserve de Levil Barton
Chateau Durfort-VivensVivens de Durfort-Vivens (ilgari Domain de Curebourse)[4]
Chateau Grua-LarozSarget de Grua-Laroz
Shateau LascombesChevalier de LascombesChateau Segonnes
Shateau Brane-CantenacBaron de Bran
Chateau Pichon Longueville BaronLes Tourelles de Longueville
Chateau Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande  Zaxiradagi de la Comtesse[10]
Chateau Ducru-BeaucaillouLa Croix de Beaucaillou[10]
Château Cos d'EstournelLes Pagodes de Cos[15]
Shato MontroseLa Dame de MontroseMont-Roz shahridagi Sent-Estep[11]
Uchinchi o'sish mulklari
Chateau KirwanLes Charmes de Kirwan[9]
Chateau d'IssanBleyson d'Issan
Chateau LagrangeLes Fiefs de Lagrange
Chateau Langoa BartonLady Langoa[16]
Chateau GiscoursLa Sirene de Giscours
Chateau Malescot Sent-EkzuperiLa Dame de Malescot
Chateau Cantenac-BrownBrio de Kantenak-Braun
Shato Boyd-KantenakJak Boyd
Chateau PalmerAlter Ego de Palmer (1998 yilda Réserve du Général o'rnini egalladi)[17]
Chateau La LaguneMoulin de la Lagune
Chateau DesmirailDastlabki Desmirail
Chateau Calon-SégurShato Marquis de Calon
Chateau FerrièreLes Remparts de Ferrière
Shateau Markiz d'Alesme BeckerMarquise d'Alesme
To'rtinchi o'sish mulklari
Chateau TalbotTalbot bilan bog'lanish
Chateau Branaire-DucruDuluc de Branaire-Ducru
Chateau Dyuxart-Milon-RotshildMoulin de Dyuxart
Chateau PougetAntuan Puget
Chateau La Tour CarnetLes Douves de Carnet
Chateau Lafon-RochetLes Pélerins de Lafon-Rochet
Chateau BeychevelleAmiral de Beychevelle
Chateau Prieuré-LichineLa Cloître Prieuré-Lichine
Shateau Markiz de TermeLes Gondats de Markis de Terme
Chateau Saint-PierEsprit de Saint-Pier
Beshinchi o'sish mulklari
Chateau Pontet-CanetLes Hauts de Pontet-Canet
Chateau Haut-BatailleyChateau La Tour l'Aspic
Chateau Grand-Puy-LacosteLakoste-Borie
Chateau Grand-Puy-DucasseGrand-Puy Dyuksezdan oldin
Chateau Lynch-BagesEcho de Lynch-BagesPauillac de Lynch-Bages
Chateau du TertreLes Hauts du Tertre
Chateau DauzacLa Bastid de DauzakChateau Labarde
Chateau Haut-Bages-LibéralLa Chapelle de Bages
Shato PédesclauxFler de PedeskoLe Haut-Medoc de Pédesclaux
Chateau BelgraveDayan de Belgreyv
Chateau d'Armailhac
Kamensoq ShateauLa Closerie de Camensac
Chateau Cos LaboryLe Charme Labory
Château Croizet BagesLa Tourelle de Croizet-Bages
Chateau CantemerleLes Allées de CantemerleBaronne Karolin
Chateau xodimi MilonPasturelle de Klerk Milon
Chateau BatailleyBatailli sherlari
Chateau Lynch-MoussasLes Hauts de Lynch-Moussas

Sauternes 1855 o'sishini tasnifladi

Superior birinchi o'sish mulklariIkkinchi sharob
Chateau d'Yquem
Birinchi o'sish mulklari
Chateau La Tour BlancheLes Charmilles de Tour Blanche
Chateau Lafaurie-PeyragueyLa Chapelle de Lafaurie-Peyraguey
Chateau Clos Haut-Peyraguey  La Gourmandise de Clos Haut-Peyraguey
Shato de Rayne-VigneauMadam de Reyn
Chateau SuduirautCastelnau de Suduiraut
Chateau CoutetChartreuse de Coutet
Chateau ClimensCyprès de Climens
Chateau GuiraudPetit Guyro
Chateau RieussecKarmes de Riyussek (ilgari Clos la Bere)[4]
Chateau Sigalas-RabaudLeytenant de Sigalas
Ikkinchi o'sish mulklari
Chateau Doisy-DubrocaLa Demoiselle de Doisy
Chateau Doisy-VedrinesChateau Petit Vedrines
Chateau d'ArchePrieuré d'Arche
Chateau NairacEsquisse de Nairac
Chateau CaillouLes Erables de Caillou
Shaleau de MallSankt-Xelen
Château Romer du HayotChâteau Andoyse du Hayot
Chateau LamotheLes Tourelles de Lamothe
Chateau Lamothe-GuignardL'ouest de Lamothe-Gignard

Boshqa Bordo

Qabrlar sinflariIkkinchi sharobUchinchi sharob
Chateau BouscautLes Chênes de Bouscaut
Chateau CarbonnieuxLa Tour-Leognan[10]
Domaine de ChevalierL'Espirit de Chevalier[18]
Chateau CouhinsCouhins La Gravette
Chieau de FieuzalL'Abeille de Fieuzal[2]
Chateau Haut-BaillyLe Parde de Haut-Bailli[19]Chateau Haut-Bailly tomonidan Pessac-Léognan[20]
Chateau Latour-MartillacLagrav-Martillak[21]
Chateau Malartic-LagravièreSillage de Malartic[22]
Chateau La Mission Haut-BrionLa Chapelle de la Missiya[23]
Chateau OlivierLa Seigneurie d'Olivier du Chateau Olivier[24]
Chateau Pape ClémentLe Clémentin du Pape Clément[2]
Chateau Smith Haut LafitteLes Xauts de Smit[25]
Sen-Emilyon sinf mulklari
Chateau AusoneChapelle d'Ausone[26]
Chateau Cheval BlancLe Petit Cheval[10]
Chateau AngélusCarillon de L'Angélus[10]
Chateau PavieAromes de Pavie
Chateau BeauséjourCroix de Beuséjour[27]
Chateau Beau-Séjour BécotTournelle de Be-Séjour Bécot[28]
Chateau CanonClos de Canon[29]
Chateau FigeacPetit Figeak[30]
FourtetFourtet Closerie[31]
Chateau Larcis DucasseMurmure de Larcis Ducasse
Chateau La Fleur MorangeMatilde
Château La GaffelièreClos La Gaffelière[32]
Chateau MagdelaineLes Songes de Magdelaine (ilgari Chateau Saint Brice)[33]
Chateau Pavie-MacquinLes Chênes de Macquin[34]
Chateau Tour FigeacL'Equisse de La Tour Figeac
Chateau Troplong MondotMondot[2]
Shato Trotte VieilleLa Vieille Dame de Trotte Vieille[35]
Chateau Canon-la-GaffelièreCôte Mignon La Gaffelière[36]
Chateau Grand Corbin-Despagne  Petit Korbin-Despagne[37]
Medoc Cru burjua
Chateau Chasse-SppleenL'Héritage de Chasse-Sppleen va L'Oratoire de Chasse-Sppleen[38]
Chateau Haut-MarbuzetChateau MacCarthy[39]
Chateau Labégorce ZédéDomaine Zéde va Z de Zéde[40]
Chateau Phélan SegurFrank Filan[41]
Chateau PotensacLa Chapelle de Potensac (ilgari Chateau Lassalle)[42]
Chateau PoujeauxLa Salle de Poujeaux[43]
Chateau CitranMoulins de Citran[2]
Tasniflanmagan ko'chmas mulk
Chateau BeeuregardLe Benjamin de Beuregard (ilgari Domain des Douves)[44]
Chateau La ConseillanteKonsoldaning Duo shahri[45]
Chateau L'ÉvangileBlason de L'Evangile
Chateau GazinL'Hospitalet de Gazin[46]
Chateau GloriaChateau Peymartin[47]
Chateau LafleurLes Pensées de Lafleur[48]
Chateau MazeyresLe Seuil de Mazeyres[49]
Chateau NéinFugue de Néin[2]
Chateau Petit-VillageLe Jardin de Petit qishlog'i[2]
Chateau RugetVieux Chateau des Templiers[2]
Chateau Sociando-MalletLa Demoiselle de Sociando-Mallet[50]
Chateau TrotanoyEspérance de Trotanoy
Chateau ValandraudVirginie de Valandraud va 3 de Valandraud[2][51]
Vieux Chateau CertanGravette de Certan[52]
Château l'Église klinikasiLa Petite Eglise

Bordo bo'lmagan ikkinchi va uchinchi sharoblar ro'yxati

Kaliforniya

Sharob zavodiBirinchi sharobIkkinchi sharob
Opus One sharob zavodiOpus OneUverture
Dominus mulkDominusNapanook
Qichqirayotgan burgutQichqirayotgan burgutParvoz
Harlan mulkHarlan mulkQiz
Grace oilasiGrace oilasiBo'sh

Italiya

Sharob zavodiBirinchi sharobIkkinchi sharobUchinchi sharob
Ornelliya (Tenuta dell'Ornellaia )OrnelliyaLe Serre NuoveLe Volte
Masseto (Tenuta dell'Ornellaia)MassetoMassetino
Tenuta San-GvidoSassicaiaGuidalbertoLe Difese
Tenuta Luce della ViteLuceLucente

Shuningdek qarang

Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ a b v d e J. Robinson (tahrirlangan) "Sharob uchun Oksford sherigi" Uchinchi nashr 618-619 bet, Oksford universiteti matbuoti 2006 y ISBN  0-19-860990-6
  2. ^ a b v d e f g h men Konan, Erik, L'Express (2005 yil 24-yanvar). "Les grands crus dégriffés" (frantsuz tilida). Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2007 yil 15 oktyabrda.
  3. ^ pichon-lalande.com Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande, la Réserve de la Comtesse Arxivlandi 2008-02-15 da Orqaga qaytish mashinasi (frantsuz tilida)
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  5. ^ a b winepros.com.au. Sharob uchun Oksford sherigi. "Mouton kadeti". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2008-08-20.
  6. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau d'Armailhac".
  7. ^ winepros.com.au. Sharob uchun Oksford sherigi. "ikkinchi sharob". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2008-08-08 kunlari.
  8. ^ winepros.com.au. Sharob uchun Oksford sherigi. "yig'ish". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2008-08-09.
  9. ^ a b "Sharob jurnali ishlab chiqaruvchisi Chateau Kirwan". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2013-01-22.
  10. ^ a b v d e f g K. Meynil Sharob Injili pg 148 Workman Publishing 2001 yil ISBN  1-56305-434-5
  11. ^ a b v "Ikkinchi fikrlar: Bordoning ikkinchi sharoblari". Dekanter. 2014 yil 18-avgust.
  12. ^ Le Pauillac de Chateau Latour Arxivlandi 2017-03-12 da Orqaga qaytish mashinasi, Chateau Latour
  13. ^ "Margaux de Chateau Margaux".
  14. ^ Robinson, Jancis, jancisrobinson.com (2008 yil 24-may). La Missiya 25 yilligini nishonlaydi
  15. ^ "Cosestournel.com: Reybiyer domenlarining boshqa sharoblari". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2007-12-12 kunlari. 2007 yil 15-dekabrda olingan. Sana qiymatlarini tekshiring: | kirish tarixi = (Yordam bering)
  16. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Shato Langoa-Barton".
  17. ^ mahler-besse.fr Algo Ego de Palmer Arxivlandi 2007-10-16 da Orqaga qaytish mashinasi
  18. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Domaine de Chevalier".
  19. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Haut-Bailly".
  20. ^ "Pessac-Léognan by Chateau Haut-Bailly".[doimiy o'lik havola ]
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  25. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Smith-Haut-Lafitte".
  26. ^ cellarnotes.com Chateau Ausone
  27. ^ saint-emilion-premiers.com Château Beauséjour texnik fayli Arxivlandi 2008-08-28 da Orqaga qaytish mashinasi (frantsuz tilida)
  28. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Beau-Séjour Bécot".
  29. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Canon".
  30. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Figeac".
  31. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Fourtet Clos".
  32. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau La Gaffeliere".
  33. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Magdelayn Chateau".
  34. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Pavie-Macquin".
  35. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Trotvie shatosi".
  36. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Canon-la-Gaffelière".
  37. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Grand Corbin-Despagne Chateau".
  38. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Chasse-Sppleen".
  39. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Haut-Marbuzet".
  40. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Labegorce Zede".
  41. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Phelan Segur".
  42. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Potensac".
  43. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Poujeaux".
  44. ^ Peppercorn, David (2003). Bordo. London: Mitchell Beazley. 489-490 betlar. ISBN  1-84000-927-6.
  45. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau La Conseillante".
  46. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Gazin".
  47. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Gloria".
  48. ^ Rose, Entoni, Decanter.com (2007 yil 19-noyabr). "Chateau Lafleur Christie's sotuvida xaridorlarni hayratda qoldirdi".
  49. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Chateau Mazeyres".
  50. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Shateau Sociando-Mallet".
  51. ^ Belgiya sharobni kuzatuvchilar. "Chateau Valandraud". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2013-01-18.
  52. ^ Kissak, Kris, thewinedoctor.com. "Vieux Chateau Certan".