Sun News Network - Sun News Network

Sun News Network
Sun news network.png
MamlakatKanada
Eshittirish maydoniButun mamlakat bo'ylab
ShiorBiz siz tarafdamiz
Kanadaning qattiq yangiliklar va to'g'ri suhbat uyi
Quyosh siyosatni anglatadi
Bosh ofisToronto, Ontario
Dasturlash
Til (lar)Ingliz tili
Rasm formati1080i (HDTV )
480i (SDTV /4:3 xat qutisi )
Mulkchilik
EgasiQuébecor Media
TVA guruhi (51%)
Sun Media (49%)
Tarix
Ishga tushirildi2011 yil 18 aprel (2011-04-18)
O'zgartirildi"Quyosh TV" (CKXT-DT )
Yopiq2015 yil 13-fevral (2015-02-13)[1]

Sun News Network (odatda qisqartiriladi Quyosh yangiliklari) edi a Kanadalik Ingliz tili C toifasi ga tegishli yangiliklar kanali Québecor Media uning ikkita sho''ba korxonasi o'rtasidagi hamkorlik orqali, TVA guruhi (bu kompaniyaning 51 foiz aksariyat egalik huquqini saqlab qolgan) va Sun Media korporatsiyasi (qolgan 49 foiz ulushga ega bo'lgan).[2][3] Kanal 2011 yil 18 aprelda ishga tushirilgan standart va yuqori aniqlik[4] va 2015 yil 13 fevralni yopib qo'ydi.[1] Bu ostida ishlagan 2-toifa (keyinchalik C toifasiga kiradi) tomonidan berilgan litsenziya Kanada radio-televizion va telekommunikatsiya komissiyasi (CRTC) 2010 yil noyabr oyida,[5][6] tarmoq uchun juda ko'p e'lon qilingan urinish bekor qilindi 1-toifa litsenziyasi (keyinchalik A toifasi deb tasniflangan), bu unga majburiy kirish huquqini beradi raqamli kabel va Kanada bo'ylab sun'iy yo'ldosh provayderlari.

Sun News Kanadaning eng yirik kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh provayderlari tomonidan tarqatildi[7] Kanadadagi barcha uy xo'jaliklarining atigi 40 foizi (5,1 million uy-joyli televizion obuna) tomonidan obuna bo'lgan kanallar qatoriga kiritilgan.[8] Kvebekor Sun News nashr etilganidan beri uni yanada kengroq tarqatishga intilgan edi,[9] eng muhimi, 2013 yilda asosiy kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh qatlamlarida majburiy tashish bo'yicha muvaffaqiyatsiz so'rov yuborish.[10] Sun News simulcast qilindi CKXT-DT (51-kanal), umumiy o'yin-kulgi mustaqil televizion stantsiya asoslangan Toronto (Janubiy va Sharqiy Ontarioda takroriy qurilmalar bilan) 2011 yil kuzida Kvebekor CKXT litsenziyasini topshirguniga qadar Sun News telekanalini simulyatsiya qilishni boshlashdan oldin "Sun TV" deb nomlangan.[11] Sun News-dan oldin Sun TV-ning mavjudligi (va shunga o'xshash ekrandagi logotip CKXT korxonasi uchun ishlatilgan) Sun News-ni ba'zan "Sun TV" deb atashga olib keldi.

O'ziga ma'lum bo'lgan tarmoq markazning o'ng tomoni tahririyatning pozitsiyasi, tomoshabinlarning kamligi bilan qiynashgan: tarmoq o'rtacha 8000 tomoshabin haqida xabar bergan, bu raqobatchilardan ancha past bo'lgan, CBC yangiliklar tarmog'i va CTV yangiliklar kanali. Ushbu tomoshabin etishmasligi, qisman raqobatchilarga yoqadigan majburiy transport vositasini olmaganligi bilan bog'liq. CRTC.[1] Tarmoqni sotish uchun muvaffaqiyatsiz urinishlardan so'ng ZoomerMedia (Kanada televizion ijrochisiga tegishli kompaniya Muso Znaymer ) va Leonard Asper, Sun News Network to'satdan 2015 yil 13 fevral kuni soat 05:00 da imzolandi. Et.

Tarix

Litsenziyalash

"Sun TV News Channel" kanalining taxminiy nomi bilan kanalga chiqishdan avval asl logotip. Logotip 2010 yilda litsenziyalash kampaniyasida ishlatilgan va hech qachon efirda ishlatilmagan.

Sun News-ni litsenziyalashga urinishlar boshlanganidan boshlab, Quebecor tarmoq uchun umumiy ko'ngilochar mustaqil stantsiya uchun kompaniyaning mavjud litsenziyasini almashtirishni maqsad qilgan. CKXT-TV ("Sun TV" nomi bilan tanilgan), u o'sha paytda Torontoda va undan keyin efirda mavjud edi qayta translyatsiya dasturlari orqali uzatiladi yilda Xemilton, London va Ottava. Dastlabki taqdimotida Kanada radio-televizion va telekommunikatsiya komissiyasi (CRTC) 2010 yil bahorida, Kvebekor Sun News-ga mukofot berishni talab qildi 1-toifali raqamli ixtisoslashtirilgan kanal qaytarib berilgan litsenziya 2-toifa uch yildan keyin maqomi.[12] 1-toifadagi maqom, agar CRTC tomonidan ma'qullangan bo'lsa, Sun News-ga CTV News Channel va CBC News Network singari maqom berilishi kerak edi, chunki u barcha Kanada raqamli televizion provayderlarini talab qilishi kerak edi (ikkalasi ham) kabel va to'g'ridan-to'g'ri efirga uzatiladigan sun'iy yo'ldosh ) Sun News-ni o'z mijozlariga etkazish va taqdim etish, agar ushbu operatorlar bunga qodir bo'lsa.[2][13] Biroq, CTV News Channel va CBC News Network-dan farqli o'laroq, operatorlar Sun News-ni analog kabel orqali tarqatish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lmas edilar, faqat o'zlarining raqamli xizmati orqali (1-toifadagi holat kanalni har bir mijozning asosiy raqamli raqamining majburiy qismiga aylantirmagan bo'lar edi). paket; ammo Sun News va individual televizion provayderlar o'rtasidagi muzokaralar sharti bilan raqamli asosiy paketlarga joylashtirilishi mumkin).[14]

Dastlab Kvebek, Sun News uchun 1-toifadagi maqomni talab qildi, chunki kanalning yangiliklar, tahlillar va fikrlarni dasturlash bilan birlashishi Kanadadagi boshqa yangiliklar kanallaridan farqli ravishda "mutlaqo yangi [TV] janr" yaratadi. Biroq, CRTC bunga rozi bo'lmagan va 2010 yil 5-iyuldagi Kvebekorga yozgan xatida arizani rad etgan. CRTC o'z maktubida Sun News-ning qisman yangiliklar kanali sifatida targ'ib qilinayotganligini ta'kidlab, "yangiliklar va tahlillar axborot dasturlash toifasining pastki toifalari" deb taklif qildi, shuning uchun CRTC nazarida Sun qilolmaydi Yangiliklar noyob.[15] Bundan tashqari, CRTC 2010 yil boshida kamida 2011 yil oktyabrgacha 1-toifadagi litsenziyalar uchun yangi arizalarni qabul qilishni rejalashtirmaganligini aytgan edi.[16] Xalqaro faol tashkilot Avaaz.org va boshqa tashkilotlar CRTC-ga kanalning 1-toifadagi maqomini olish to'g'risidagi arizasini rad etish va "ishonch ayblovlarini buzish" va "yangiliklar to'g'risidagi axborotning yaxlitligini pasayishi" sababli bekor qilishni so'rab murojaat qilishdi.

CRTC 1-toifadagi arizani rad etgandan so'ng, "Fox News North-ni to'xtatish" nomli onlayn petitsiya tashkil etildi. Arizada shuni ta'kidlash kerak Bosh Vazir Stiven Xarper "Amerika uslubini itarishga" intildi ommaviy axborot vositalarini yomon ko'rish Sun News bilan [Kanada] efirlarida va tarmoq "bizning kabel televidenie to'lovlarimizdan mablag 'bilan ta'minlanadi" (Kvebekorning ikkinchi CRTC dasturidagi "majburiy kirish" so'roviga zid ravishda); petitsiyada Martinning ustuni ham keltirilgan CRTC raisi ekanligi haqidagi dalillar Konrad fon Finkenshteyn Sun News-ning imtiyozli litsenziyani olishiga to'sqinlik qiladigan "bitta odam" edi.[17] Muallif Margaret Atvud petitsiyani imzolaganlar orasida edi, u buni Sun News-ning mumkin bo'lgan o'ng qanotlarini tanqid qilish sifatida emas, balki Xarperning boshqaruv uslubini tanqid qilish, xususan Sun News-ning litsenziyasini tasdiqlashni tezlashtirishga qaratilgan hukumati tomonidan qilingan tanqid sifatida imzolaganini ko'rsatdi.[18]

Quebecor Sun News dasturini qayta topshirdi 2-toifa holat. Garchi 2-toifa majburiy emas (kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh operatorlari bunday kanallarni o'tkazishga majbur qilinmasa), Kvebekor qayta yuborishda 1-toifadagi "majburiy kirish" muddatini uch yildan ortiq bo'lmagan muddat ichida kiritishni talab qildi. kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh mijozlarini o'z paketlariga qo'shishga majbur qilmasdan, "Kanada bo'ylab tomoshabinlarga o'z dasturlarini samarali ravishda namoyish etish va targ'ib qilish uchun" shu vaqt kerak;[19] majburiy kirishsiz, deya qo'shimcha qildi Kvebekor, kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh operatorlari o'z mijozlariga Sun News-ni taklif qilmasliklari mumkin, bu esa Kvebekorning loyihaning vilkasini tortishiga olib kelishi mumkin.[20]

2010 yil 5-oktabrda Kvebekor majburiy kirish so'rovini qaytarib olishini va hech qanday maxsus istisnolarsiz va tashish shartlarisiz normal 2-toifa maqomini olishga murojaat qilganini e'lon qildi.[21] Ushbu harakat Sun News-ning litsenziyasini tasdiqlash uchun osonroq yo'l deb hisoblandi (2-toifadagi litsenziyalar CRTC tomonidan muntazam ravishda beriladi, agar u himoyalangan janr deb hisoblanadigan formatga tegishli bo'lmasa, ularning ichida milliy yangiliklar kanallari mavjud emas). CRTC Kvebekorga 2010 yil 26 noyabrda Sun News uchun besh yillik 2-toifadagi litsenziyani taqdim etdi;[22] tarmoq holati a ga o'zgartirildi C toifali xizmat 2011 yil 1 sentyabrda Kanadada efirga uzatiladigan ko'rsatmalarning umumiy qayta tuzilishi doirasida raqamli televizion eshittirishga o'tish.[23]

Ishga tushirish

Rejalashtirilgan ishga tushirilgandan so'ng 1 yanvar, 2011, ishga tushirish va kadrlar bilan bog'liq muammolar tufayli orqaga surildi,[24] Sun News 2011 yil 18 aprelda boshlanib, soat 16: 30da muntazam dasturlash boshlanganda tugaydigan o'n soatlik hisoblash soatiga ega edi. Sharqiy vaqt. Ey Kanada tomonidan uyushtirilgan maxsus yarim soatlik ishga tushirishni oldindan ko'rishdan oldin ijro etildi Canada Live jurnalist va mezbon Krista Erikson (kim sifatida xizmat qilgan Quyosh gazetalar "Quyosh qizi "kun uchun). Maxsus premerasi bo'lib o'tdi Manba Ezra Levant va tarmoqning asosiy vaqtidagi nutq dasturlashning qolgan qismi. Ertasi kuni 19-aprel kuni kunduzgi yangiliklar dasturlari chiqdi.[9] Quyosh yangiliklari asoslangan edi studiyalar da joylashgan qo'shimcha studiyalar bilan Torontoda Ottava, Vinnipeg, Vankuver va Kalgari. Sun News ham qo'llab-quvvatladi yangiliklar byurolari yilda Edmonton (bilan bo'lishilgan Sun Media ), Monreal (QMI agentligi bilan birgalikda) va Vashington, Kolumbiya, Kanadadan tashqarida saqlagan yagona byuro.[25]

Yopish

Sun News Network moliyaviy jihatdan qiynalib, uch yil davomida 46,7 million dollar yo'qotdi, faqatgina 2013 yilda 14,8 million dollar zarar ko'rdi.[26]

Kanal odatda simbiotik deb qaraldi Sun Media Umumiy tahririyat nuqtai nazaridan va tarmoqning Sun Media xodimlaridan efirga uzatilgan tarkib va ​​reportajlarning bir qismi uchun foydalanishi hamda turli xil Sun News Network-dan Sun zanjiri uchun ustunlar yozish orqali gazetalar. Kvebekor tomonidan Sun Media-ning ingliz tilidagi bosma xususiyatlarini va ularga tegishli veb-saytlarni sotish natijasida ushbu munosabatlar o'zgarishi kutilgan edi. Postmedia Network, 2014 yil oktyabr oyida e'lon qilingan va tartibga solishni tasdiqlash va yakunlanishini kutayotgan bitim.[27] Sun News ushbu bitimning bir qismi bo'lmasa-da, Postmedia bu litsenziyani berishini aytdi Quyosh bir yil davomida tarmoqqa qayta nomlash va brendlash, shundan so'ng tarmoq yangi brendni qabul qilishi kerak edi.[28] Kvebekorning Sun Media-ni bekor qilishi, Sun News Network-ning Kvebekor soyaboni ostidagi mustaqil operatsiya sifatida hayotiyligi to'g'risida savollar tug'diradi, chunki kompaniyaning qolgan aksariyat mulklari butunlay frankofon, bu har qanday sinergiya potentsialini cheklashi mumkin.[29]

Keyinchalik Sun News-ning kelajagi 2014 yil dekabrga to'g'ri keldi Globe and Mail xabar bering ZoomerMedia tarmoqni sotib olish bo'yicha muzokaralar olib borgan. Mumkin sotib olish to'g'risidagi ba'zi xabarlarda manbalarga ko'ra, agar bitim tuzilishi kerak bo'lsa, kanal noan'anaviy yangiliklar va turmush tarzini qayta ishga tushirishi mumkin. CityNews tomonidan ishlatilgan model Shahar /Toronto va CP24 ikkalasi tomonidan tashkil etilgan ZoomerMedia BOSH IJROCHI DIREKTOR, Muso Znaymer.[29] The Kanada veb-saytida 2015 yil 26 yanvarda ZoomerMedia bilan muzokaralar rahbarlar uchun ishdan bo'shatish paketlari masalasida to'xtab qolganligi va agar Znaimer bilan kelishuvga erishilmasa, "ikki oy ichida" kanal yopilishi kutilayotganligi haqida xabar berilgan edi.[30] Xabar qilinishicha, Quebecor Media 2015 yil 13 fevralda Zoomerga so'nggi taklifni taqdim etgan va Zoomer o'z taklifini "xohlamagan yoki bajara olmagan".[31] Xabarlarga ko'ra o'n bir soatlik taklif Sun News tomonidan qilingan Leonard Asper, Maxsus kanal operatori prezidenti / bosh direktori Madhiya Media guruhi va sobiq bosh direktori G'arbiy; Biroq, Kvebekor Sun News ishchilari va rahbarlarining mehnat shartnomalari va ishdan bo'shatish paketlarini olishni istamagan Asperning taklifini rad etdi.[32]

Sun News Network 13-fevral kuni EST 5:00 da o'z faoliyatini to'xtatdi, yopilish haqidagi yangiliklar bir necha soat oldin buzilgan edi. Rahbariyat tomonidan oldindan e'lon qilinmagan,[33][34] na kanalning biron bir efirga chiqishi.[35] Oxirgi dasturidan keyin takrorlash Brian Lilley bilan birgava Pat Bolland dasturining reklama aktsiyasidan so'ng kanal 30 soniya davomida kanal logotipining tovushsiz statik kartasini namoyish qildi, so'ngra qora ekranga o'tib, kabel operatorlari o'zlari yopilishini e'lon qilishdi.[36] Maykl Korendan olingan segment Arena Sun News-ning ishtirokchisi Rachael Segal bilan qayd etilgan so'nggi segment (bir necha soatdan keyin efirga uzatilgan), Devid Akin Jang maydoni Quyosh yangiliklar tarmog'idagi so'nggi jonli efir edi. Yopish 150 ta doimiy ish joyini yo'qotishni anglatadi va qo'shimcha 50 nafar erkin xodimlar va yordamchilarga ta'sir ko'rsatdi.[26][37] Media Group va Sun Media Corporation prezidenti va bosh ijrochi direktori Julie Tremblayning so'zlariga ko'ra, menejment yopilgandan so'ng shunday bayonot tarqatdi: "Bu noxush natija; Sun News-ni o'chirib qo'yish bizning maqsadimiz emas edi". "So'nggi to'rt yil ichida biz milliy yangiliklar kanalini boshqarish uchun zarur bo'lgan daromadni ishlab chiqarish uchun bozorga yetarli darajada kirib borish uchun qo'limizdan kelgan barcha imkoniyatlarni sinab ko'rdik. Afsuski, biz tashishdagi ko'plab to'siqlar ushbu tashabbusning oxiriga etkazdi ... Biz minnatdormiz barcha xodimlar kundalik sa'y-harakatlari va kanalga qo'shgan iste'dodi uchun. Kelgusi ishlarida eng yaxshi tilaklarni tilaymiz ", - deya so'zini yakunladi u.[38]

Sun News Network uchun operatsion litsenziyasi 2015 yil 4 martda CRTCga topshirilgan.[39]

Tashish

2013 yil noyabr oyidan boshlab Sun News Network kanadalik uylarning taxminan 40 foizida mavjud edi.[40] 2010 yil oxirida Sun News litsenziyasini olganidan beri, Quebecor kabel orqali va sun'iy yo'ldosh provayderlari bilan tashish bo'yicha bitimlarni yakka tartibda muhokama qildi. Kvebekorga tegishli Videotron tizimlar tomonidan boshqarilgandek, tarmoqni tashiydi Kommunikatsiyalarga kirish, Bell Canada, Rojers Kabel, Eastlink, Sasktel, Shaw Communications va Cogeco (Shou bilan dastlabki kelishuv Ontario va G'arbiy Kanadadagi Shaw kabel tizimlarida bepul, olti oylik sinov muddati uchun tuzilgan edi);[41] Cogeco-ning Sun News-dan tozalanishi provayderning Ontario tizimlari bilan cheklangan).

Sun News shuningdek, dastlab Sun Sun telekanali brendi ostida umumiy ko'ngilochar formatni saqlab turadigan Ontario janubi va sharqiy qismida xizmat ko'rsatadigan Kvebekorning Torontoda joylashgan CKXT-TV-da efirda mavjud edi. . Ushbu simulkast Sun News-ga Toronto, Ottava, Xemilton va boshqa shaharlarda tomoshabinlarga etib borishga imkon berdi London CKXT signallarini uzatishga majbur bo'lgan CKXT eshittirish signallari yoki kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh xizmatlari orqali (oxirgi uchta shahar takrorlanadigan qurilmalar orqali). Ushbu hududlardan tashqaridagi ba'zi tashuvchilar ham o'z xohishiga ko'ra CKXT tashiydilar. Quebecor Sun News evaziga CKXT litsenziyasini qaytarib berishni niyat qilgan bo'lsa-da, 2011 yil avgust oyida CRTCga CKXT faoliyatini davom ettirishni so'rab murojaat qildi. raqamli konversiya.[42] Tartibga solish boshqa telekanallar va kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh provayderlarining shikoyatlariga olib keldi, chunki Sun "ixtisoslashtirilgan kanal haqi bo'lgan abonent to'lovlarini so'rab, har ikkala kafolatli efirga ega bo'lish orqali" har ikkala yo'lni ham qo'lga kiritmoqchi ".[11] 2011 yil 5 iyulda CRTC Kvebekorga maxsus kanalni qayta translyatsiya qilish uchun havo signalidan foydalanish amaliyotini asoslashi kerakligini aytdi; Kvebekor 15-iyul kuni CKXT litsenziyasini CRTC-ga topshirishga rozi ekanliklariga javob qaytardi. Natijada, Sun News-ning CKXT simulkasi 2011 yil 1-noyabrda, Torontodagi asosiy signal Xemilton va London repetitorlari bilan birga o'chirilganida tugadi (Ottava repetitori 31 avgustda o'chirilgan).[11]

Bell sun'iy yo'ldosh televizori 2011 yil 3 may kuni ertalab Sun News telekanali Kvebekorning iltimosiga binoan xizmatdan o'chirilgunga qadar Bell News telekanalini tashiydi. Bell, Kvebekorning Sun News-ni tashish narxini ko'proq mashhur kanallarga mos kelishiga qarshi chiqdi va bunday "yangi va nisbatan sinovdan o'tkazilmagan" kanal uchun juda yuqori deb hisobladi; Bundan tashqari, Bell Sun News-ni er usti kanali sifatida ko'rib chiqmoqchi edi (boshqacha qilib aytganda, uni transport vositalarining to'lovisiz ochish), uning CKXT-dagi simulcast-ga asoslanib.[43] (uzilish ta'sir qilmadi Bell Fibe TV CKXT signalini o'tkazishga majbur bo'lgan Toronto hududida). Kvebek, CRTC-ga ushbu hodisa yuzasidan Bellning Sun News-ni kamsitayotgani va shu bilan foydasiga murojaat qilganligi to'g'risida shikoyat qildi. Bell Media o'z yangiliklar tarmoqlari, ya'ni CTV News Channel va CP24.[44] 2011 yil 22-noyabr kuni Kvebekor va Bell Bell News-ning asosiy sun'iy yo'ldoshiga Sun News-ni qo'shadigan va IPTV Kvebekdan tashqaridagi paketlar (o'sha viloyatdagi abonentlar uchun shartnoma keyinroq e'lon qilinishi kutilgandi). Bell shartnomasi, shuningdek, Kvebekorga tegishli yana uchta tarmoqni tashishni o'z ichiga oladi, Mlle, Yoopa va TVA Sport.[45]

2013 yil majburiy tashish tashabbusi

2013 yil yanvar oyida Quebecor yana CRTC-ga Sun News Network-ga majburiy tashish to'g'risida so'rov yubordi va kanalni kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh provayderlarining asosiy kanal darajalarining (analog va raqamli) majburiy qismiga aylanishini so'radi.[46] 2013 yil mart oyida CRTCga berilgan aralashuvlarga javoban,[47] va bir oydan keyin o'tkazilgan CRTC jamoat tinglovlarida,[48] Kvebekor ma'murlari Sun News (ushbu tinglovlar paytida tashish bo'yicha takliflar kiritadigan bir nechta yangi va mavjud kanallardan biri) o'zlarining yangiliklar kanallariga Sun-dan oldin imtiyozli imtiyoz beradigan kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh provayderlari tomonidan adolatli munosabatda bo'lmayapti deb da'vo qilishdi. Davolash vositasi sifatida Kvebek, Sun News-dan 2017 yil oxirigacha har bir abonent to'lovi oyiga 0,18 AQSh dollar (asosan frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan bozorlarda oyiga 0,09 dollar) miqdorida kanalning asosiy pog'onalarida majburiy joylashishni talab qildi.[49] Kvebekor ushbu taklif ilgari CBC News Network va CTV News Channel kanallarida yoqqan narsalarga o'xshashligini ta'kidladi va agar tasdiqlansa, Sun News tomoshabinlar soni va auditoriya va reklama beruvchilarning xabardorligini oshirishga yordam beradi, shuningdek kanal hisoblab chiqqan moliyaviy yo'qotishlarni kamaytirishga yordam beradi (Sun Yangiliklar 2012 yil uchun soliqdan oldin 18,5 million dollar miqdoridagi zararni e'lon qildi).[50] Quebecor vagonni tashish tashabbusini davom ettirdi va a orqali tomoshabinlarni qo'llab-quvvatlashni boshladi ijtimoiy tarmoqlar aksiya ("Avval Kanada kanali"),[51] va CRTC-ga majburiy tashish kerak bo'lmagan har qanday narsa Sun News uchun "o'lim jazosi" ga teng bo'lishini, shu jumladan, "majburiy" maqomini (provayderlar kanalni abonentlarga taklif qilishlari kerak, ular o'zlari qaror qabul qilishlari mumkin. kanalni o'z paketiga qo'shish uchun).[52]

Sun News va boshqa o'n bitta ariza beruvchilar CRTC tomonidan 2013 yil 8 avgustda chiqarilgan qarorda majburiy tashish talablarini rad etishganini ko'rishdi (boshqa bir nechta kanallar o'zlarining majburiy so'rovlarini qondirishdi yoki xuddi shu qarorda yangilashdi).[53] Sun News-ning iltimosini rad etgan holda, CRTC Quyosh majburiy tashish uchun yuqori satrga to'g'ri kelganligini aniq namoyish qilmaganligini ta'kidlab, Sun o'zining C toifasidagi yangiliklar kanallari orasida o'ziga xos mavqeini namoyish qilmaganligini va o'z majburiyatlarini samarali namoyish qilmaganligini ta'kidladi. birinchi dasturiy xarajatlar; Bundan tashqari, Komissiya, Sun dastlab kafolatlangan tashish va subsidiyalarsiz ishga tushirishning moliyaviy xavf-xatarlarini biladi va qabul qiladi deb hisoblaydi.[54]

CRTC qarori kabel va sun'iy yo'ldosh xizmatlarining arzonligi to'g'risida xavotirga tushgan bir paytda qabul qilindi, chunki asosiy darajadagi majburiy ishtirok Sun va uning arizachilariga tegishli vakolatlarini bajarishda yordam beradi, kanallar olgan qo'shimcha stavkalar noo'rin bo'lar edi. mijozlarga noqulaylik tug'diradi.[53][55]

Garchi Sun News majburiy tashish talabini rad etganidan hafsalasi pir bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, tarmoq ularning kampaniyasi "katalizator" bo'lib xizmat qilganiga ishongan.[56] CRTC o'z qaroriga nimani kiritgani uchun: "C" toifasidagi milliy yangiliklar kanallarini tarqatilishini tartibga soluvchi qoidalar masalasini hal qilishda, Komissiya ushbu qoidalar kanallarda "joy g'ururi" bo'lishiga to'sqinlik qiladigan "to'siq" bo'lib xizmat qilishi mumkinligini tan oldi. translyatsiya tizimini va "jamoatchilikni qiziqtirgan masalalar bo'yicha fikr almashishni" kamaytirish. Shu bilan CRTC, qoidalarni ko'rib chiqish jarayonini boshladi va yangi ko'rsatmalarni taklif qildi, bu esa distribyutorlardan o'zlarining xaridorlariga barcha milliy yangiliklar kanallarini taklif qilishlari kerak, shuningdek kanallar qanday paketlanishi va narxlanishi, kanallar qatoriga yaqinligi va qanday qilib. aravadagi nizolar CRTC tomonidan ko'rib chiqilishi kerak.[57][58] Ko'rib chiqish natijasida CRTC tomonidan 2013 yil 19 dekabrda chiqarilgan yangi qoidalar qabul qilindi: 2014 yil 19 martgacha Kanada televideniye provayderlari o'zlarining obunachilariga barcha "C" toifadagi milliy yangiliklar kanallarini taklif qilishlari kerak (lekin xizmatning eng past darajasida bo'lishi shart emas); 2014 yil 18-mayga qadar xizmatning eng past darajasida taqdim etilmagan barcha C toifali yangiliklar kanallari "o'zlarining janrlari va dasturlariga mos keladigan eng yaxshi ixtiyoriy to'plamga" kiritilishi yoki obunachilarga mustaqil asos.[59] CRTC raisi Jan-Pyer Blerning ta'kidlashicha, bu o'zgartirishlar "kanadaliklar o'zlarini qiziqtirgan yangiliklar xizmatlaridan foydalanish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lishlari va shu sababli jamoatchilikni qiziqtirgan masalalarda turli xil fikrlarga duch kelish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lishlari" kerak. Qaror Sun News-da kanallarni qulay joylashtirilishini yoki u ilgari so'ragan abonent to'lovi uchun kafolat bermagan bo'lsa-da, yangi qoidalar tarmoq rahbarlari tomonidan "xushxabar", moliyaviy tahlilchilardan biri esa qiyin ahvolga tushib qolgan tarmoq uchun "tobora ijobiy" deb qaraldi .[50]

Dasturlash va tarkib

Dastlab Sun News-da Kvebekordan tuzilgan kunlik jadval mavjud edi Frantsuz tili yangiliklar kanali, Le Canal Nouvelles, uning ma'murlari "kunduzi qattiq yangiliklar, kechalari to'g'ri gaplar" deb targ'ib qilgan tarkib bilan. Kunduzgi soatlarda (soat 6:00 dan 17:00 gacha). Sharqiy vaqt ), uning dasturiy ta'minotida yangiliklar haqida xabar berish va shoshilinch yangiliklar qamroviga e'tibor qaratildi; kechki soatlarda (Sharqiy vaqt bilan soat 17: 00dan boshlab) asosiy e'tibor shaxsga asoslangan tahlil va sharhlash dasturlariga o'tdi.[48][60] 2013 yil noyabr oyida Sun o'zining dasturlarini yangilay boshladi, tahlil va fikrlar tarkibini kengaytirdi va uni doimiy taniqli raqiblaridan ajratib ko'rsatish uchun takrorlanadigan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri yangiliklarni qisqartirishga intildi. CBC yangiliklar tarmog'i va CTV yangiliklar kanali.[40]

Sun News-ning efirga umumiy munosabati, uning asoschilari ma`lum qilishicha, Quebecor rahbariyati "g'ayratli" va etakchi kanadalik deb da'vo qilgan CTV News Channel va CBC News Network bilan taqqoslaganda jonli, "g'ayratli vatanparvar" va "siyosiy jihatdan unchalik to'g'ri emas". televizion tomoshabinlar yangiliklar uchun AQSh tarmoqlariga murojaat qilishlari kerak.[13][61] Sun News shuningdek, a konservativ yo'naltirilgan ism-sharifni aks ettiruvchi yondashuv Quyosh Kvebekorga tegishli ingliz tilidagi zanjir tabloid gazetalar. Sun News-ning o'ng tomonga moyilligi va konservativ sharhlovchilar va operativ xodimlarni efirda va efirda asosiy lavozimlarda ishlashi, ularni taqqoslashga olib keldi Qo'shma Shtatlar asoslangan Fox News kanali ("Fox News North" erta edi nutq atamasi ommaviy axborot vositalarida tarqatilgan hisobotlarda, punditriyada va tanqidlarda tarmoqqa tatbiq etilgan).[62] Sun News menejmenti Fox News bilan taqqoslashda ochiqchasiga gaplashdi va ular faqat Sun News-ga taqlid qilishni maqsad qilganliklarini aytdilar Quyosh zanjirning "beparvo" va "provokatsion" yondashuvi va ba'zi konservativ ovozlar taniqli bo'lishiga qaramay, "[siyosiy] fikr doirasi" taklif etiladi.[2][63][64]

Dasturlar ro'yxati

Quyida 2015 yil yanvar oyidan boshlab muntazam ravishda rejalashtirilgan Sun News Network dasturlarining qisman ro'yxati keltirilgan:

Ish kunlari
Dam olish kunlari

Qarama-qarshilik va tanqid

Sobiq xodimlarning tanqidlari

Sun News-dan ketganidan bir necha yil o'tgach, sobiq katta langar Teo Kolduell stantsiyaning chiqishi haqida "tayyor mahsulot, hatto Kanada standartlariga ko'ra, yomon televizor edi" deb yozgan. Shuningdek, u shartnomasiga qaramay, unga maosh berilmayotganidan shikoyat qildi va natijada ishdan bo'shatildi. Kolduell rahbariyatning majburiy transport vositalariga bo'lgan qarashini "ikkiyuzlamachilik" deb ta'rifladi. "Dastlab ular stantsiyani blokbasterga aylantiradi deb tasavvur qilishganda, ular majburiy tashish g'oyasini masxara qilishdi. Ammo aniq bo'lgach, hech qanday Suzuki -bashing va Jastin Tryudo prizightights korxonani qutqarishi mumkin edi, ular Sunga kafolatlangan daromad oqimini bermaslik adolatsiz ekanligini ta'kidladilar. CBC va CTV shunga o'xshash davolanishni o'nlab yillar oldin olgan. Bu halol emas edi va Peladeau va Sun rahbariyati kinoya izi bo'lmasdan bunday ochiq-oydin o'zgarishni amalga oshirishi mumkinligi hayratlanarli ".

Kanalning ishlamay qolishi sababi haqida Kolduell shunday yozgan: "Oddiy qilib aytganda, agar Quyosh yaxshi bo'lsa, odamlar uni tomosha qilgan bo'lar edi. Kanal 5 million uyda mavjud edi, ammo bir necha ming tomoshabinni yig'di ... Oddiy haqiqat - Quyosh Yangiliklar aqlga sig'maydigan darajada yomon televizor edi va faqatgina Peladoning singari rahbarlari tomonidan ishlamay qolgan ekipaj uni ushlaydi deb o'ylashlari mumkin edi. "[65]

Ilgari langar Krista Erikson uchun maqola yozdi Milliy yangiliklar soatlari 2015 yilda Kvebekning sobiq vitse-prezidenti alohida ta'kidlandi Kori Teneyke, kanalni boshqargan, uni "boshqaruvchi avtoritar" deb atagan tanqidlari uchun, uning konservativ partiyasi "partizanligi tez-tez haddan oshib ketgan" kanal hisobidan. Erikson Teneykeni kanal davomida reportaj tayyorlashda aybdor 2011 yilgi federal saylov bilan bog'liq bo'lgan 16 yoshli voqeaning Jek Layton go'yoki politsiya tomonidan massaj salonidan topilgan. "Hech qanday hibsga olish, jinoiy javobgarlikka tortish, shu sababli jinoiy xatti-harakatlar bo'lmagan. Ushbu faktlar bo'yicha jamoat manfaatlarini oqlash munozarali bo'lib chiqdi", deydi Sun News Network menejmenti shu bilan birga efirdagi xodimlarini ushbu voqeani davolash uchun o'qitgan go'yo bu "bilan bog'liq bo'lgan katta jinsiy janjal edi NDP "." Erikson ham buni da'vo qilmoqda 2012 yil Alberta viloyatidagi saylovoldi tashviqoti, Teneyke "menga [konservativ] ning gomofobik gaflari haqida xabar berishni to'xtatishni buyurdi. Wildrose nomzodlar "va o'sha Teneyke" shuningdek, Wildrose rahbarining abort haqidagi yozuvlarini muhokama qiladigan segmentni mening dasturim qatoridan olib tashlashni talab qildi ".[66]

Erikson, shuningdek, CRTC kanalning majburiy tashish litsenziyasini olish to'g'risidagi arizasini ma'qullagan taqdirda, Teneyke Sun News Network xodimlarining 50 foizigacha ishdan bo'shatishni rejalashtirganligini aytdi, u Liberal tarafdorlari deb gumon qilgan yoki siyosiy jihatdan Teneyckening qarashlariga mos kelmagan va ularni o'rniga Konservativ partiyaning sobiq xodimlari bilan almashtiring. Erickson, shuningdek, Sun News-ning yordamchisi deb da'vo qilmoqda Maykl Taube bilan rozi emasligini bildirgandan keyin kanalga chiqishni so'rashni to'xtatdi Harper hukumati ruxsat berish uchun takliflar daromadlarni taqsimlash.[66]

2010 yilgi litsenziyalash kampaniyasi

Uning 2010 yil 19-avgustdagi ustunida Globe and Mail, Lourens Martin CRTC raisi Konrad fon Finkenshteyn Sun News-ga kerakli litsenziyani olishiga ko'maklashish uchun komissiya tarkibidan ketishi va boshqa hukumat lavozimini, masalan, elchi lavozimini egallashi uchun Bosh vazir Stiven Xarperning bosimi ostida bo'lgan, deb da'vo qilmoqda.[67] Uchun maktubda Globe and Mail, fon Finkenshteyn "Sun News" yoki uning CRTC raisi lavozimida ishlashiga oid hukumatning aralashuvini "qat'iyan" rad etdi.[68]

Dastlabki tarkib va ​​dasturlash

Quebecor Sun News-ga (yuqoriga qarang) majburiy kirish talabini qaytarib olishdan oldin, jamoat manfaatlari guruhi Kanadalik eshittirish do'stlari CRTC-ga Sunning majburiy kirish so'rovi boshqa litsenziya talabgorlari uchun "juda adolatsiz" deb hisoblab, Sun News-ning arizasini rad etishni tavsiya qilgan brifing o'tkazdi. Biroq, Do'stlar, agar Sun News litsenziyani tasdiqlagan taqdirda, Quebecor-dan Kanada dasturiy ta'minotidan (CTV News Channel va CBC News Network-ga teng) daromad olishni talab qilishi va shuningdek, Kanada teleradioeshittirishlar uyushmasi Balansli yangiliklarni yoritish va dasturlash uchun axloq kodeksi.[69] CRTC-ning 26-noyabrdagi ma'qullashida Sun News-ga rioya qilish talablari alohida kiritilgan RTNDA Jurnalist axloq kodeksi va Jurnalistlarning mustaqillik to'g'risidagi kodeksi a'zosi sifatida Kanadaning eshittirish standartlari bo'yicha kengashi.[3] Sun News CRTC tomonidan litsenziyali radioeshittirish stantsiyalariga yolg'on va chalg'ituvchi xabarlarni efirga uzatish uchun ko'proq imkoniyat berish to'g'risidagi taklifning mumkin bo'lgan xayrixohi sifatida qabul qilindi (CRTC ushbu taklifni 2011 yil fevralida bekor qildi).[70]

Sun News-ning dastlabki soatlari va kunlari mazmuni ba'zi tanqidlarga uchradi va ba'zi tortishuvlarga sabab bo'ldi, tanqidchilar va sharhlovchilar tarmoqning o'zini tanitishi va tungi mavzularni tanlash, shu jumladan, tanqidlarga qarshi bir nechta tanqidlar haqida gapirishdi CBC (quyida yana qarang) va davom etayotgan siyosiy kampaniya haqida ozgina gapirish (tasodifan Sun News-ning debyuti a dan ikki hafta oldin sodir bo'lgan federal saylov ).[71][72] Ezra Levant birinchi nashrida "eski yangiliklarga" ishongani uchun ham panjara qilingan Manba, shu jumladan a munozarali 2005 yilgi multfilm tasvirlash Muhammad.[73][74] Kamroq tanqidlar kelib chiqdi Globe and Mail Sun News-ni "fantastik darajada befarq translyatsiya" deb atagan televizion tanqidchi Jon Doyl,[75] va dan Winnipeg bepul matbuoti sharhlovchi Bred Osvald, u "televizion tarixni o'zgartirish uchun o'z-o'zidan aytilgan maqsadga erishish uchun mafkuraviy g'ayrat va moliyaviy jihatdan etishmayotganligini" ta'kidladi.[76]

Sun News-ning jinsiy aloqada bo'lganligi, ikkalasi bilan ham erta e'tiborga sazovor bo'ldi Rik Merser va Ottava fuqarosi sharhlovchi Deyv Dutton Quyoshning birinchi kunida "go'daklarning otishmalari" haqida tvit yozayotganlar orasida.[77] Haftaning oxirida kolumnist Tasha Xeyriddin ning Milliy pochta tarmoqning ayol langarlari "kam kesilgan, yengsiz" kiyimlari bilan Sun News-ni qattiq tanqid qildi;[78] Maklinning Vashington byurosi rahbari Luiza Ch. Savage, Xeyriddin bilan kelishgan holda, o'zining Twitter-dagi sahifasida "Skank TV" deb hisob-kitob qildi (keyinchalik uni o'chirib tashlaydi). Sun News rahbariyati xuddi o'z langarlarini "yalang'och qurol olish huquqini" himoya qildi Yangi Demokratik partiya (NDP) Parlament a'zosi Olivia Chow - 21-aprel kuni chiqish paytida yengsiz ko'rinishni kim ochib berdi Davra suhbati, "[Siyosatdagi ayollar] kiyadigan narsa muhim emas, ular ilgari surgan g'oyalar muhim ahamiyatga ega".[79]

2011 yilgi federal saylovlar bo'yicha hisobot

Sun Media va xususan Sun News 2011 yilgi federal saylovlarning so'nggi haftasida federal partiyalar rahbarlaridan ikkitasi ishtirok etgan ikkita alohida yangiliklarda qatnashgan. Birinchisi, paydo bo'lgan fotosuratga qaratildi Liberal partiya rahbar Maykl Ignatieff AQSh harbiy kuchlari bilan pozitsiyada Quvayt 2002 yil oxirida, bundan bir necha oy oldin 2003 yil Iroqqa bostirib kirish. Fotosurat manbai bo'lgan konservativ partiyaning tezkor xodimi Patrik Muttart edi pro bono Sun News-ga efirga uzatilishi to'g'risida maslahat berdi va fotosuratni Sun Media-ga taqdim etdi, unda Ignatieffning AQShning Iroqqa bostirib kirishi rejalari bilan bog'liqligi haqida hikoya qilingan. Sun Media fotosuratni ishga tushirmadi, chunki bu rasm o'qib bo'lmaydigan edi va Ignatieffning AQSh qo'shinlari bilan bo'lganligini aniq isbotlamadi. Sun Media rahbari Per Karl Peladeau, uchun tahririyatda Quyosh Bu fotosurat nafaqat Ignatieff kampaniyasiga, balki Sun Media va Sun News-ning yaxlitligiga zarar etkazishga urinish deb da'vo qilmoqda. Ushbu hodisa Muttartning Konservatorlar yetakchisi va amaldagi Bosh vazir Stiven Xarperning saylov kampaniyasidan chetlatilishiga olib keldi.[80]

2011 yil 29 aprelda Sun News NDP etakchisiga qarshi da'vo bilan chiqdi Jek Layton 1996 yilda Toronto massaj klinikasida fohishaxona deb gumon qilib politsiya tashrif buyurganida qatnashgan. Hech qachon hech qanday qonunbuzarlikda ayblanmagan Layton Sun News-ning hisobotini "qoralash kampaniyasi" deb atagan bo'lsa, Laytonning advokati Brayan Iler o'z bayonotida "Layton terapevtning joylashuvi noqonuniy maqsadlarda ishlatilganligi to'g'risida hech qanday ma'lumotga ega emasligini aytdi. . "[81] Laytonning rafiqasi va uning partiyasidan NDP a'zosi bo'lgan parlament a'zosi Oliviya Chou 1996 yilda tayinlanganligini tasdiqladi va eri tomonidan "har qanday qonunbuzarlik" qilishdan bosh tortdi.[82] Ontario viloyati politsiyasi voqea haqidagi politsiya yozuvlari Sun News-ga qanday etib borganligi to'g'risida tekshiruv o'tkazdi, uning hisobotida Torontoning noma'lum vitse-ofitseri zikr etilgan.[83]

CBC bilan to'qnashuv va tanqid

Sun News Network (va tarixiy ravishda bosma nashrlarda, Sun Media) tez-tez va doimiy ravishda tanqid qilinmoqda Kanada teleradioeshittirish korporatsiyasi va uni aybladi Toj egasi jamoat teleradiokompaniyasi (Sun Media ega pejorativ tarzda "Davlat teleradiokompaniyasi" deb nomlangan) chap tarafkashlik va soliq to'lovchilar mablag'laridan maqsadsiz foydalanish.[84] Kanal va Kvebekorning gazeta zanjiri CBC o'zining 1,1 milliard dollarlik byudjetini qanday sarf qilayotgani haqida batafsil ma'lumot olish uchun yuzlab ma'lumotlarga kirish huquqini so'rab murojaat qildi. CBC-ning Axborotga kirish haqidagi ko'plab so'rovlarni to'ldirishdan bosh tortishi Kanadada unga qarshi sud ishi qo'zg'atilishiga olib keldi Axborot komissari.[85] Sun News kompaniyasi tez-tez yangiliklar va efirga uzatilgan maqolalarda soliq to'lovchilarning sarflangan mablag'lari sarflangani haqida xabar tarqatgan.[86] CBC prezidenti Xubert Lakroix hujumlarni "qoralash kampaniyasi" deb atadi.[87] Sun Media kompaniyasining bosh ijrochi direktori Per-Karl Peleade CBC-ni deyarli barcha media kompaniyalar bilan reklama qilishda aybladi, ammo u.[88]

Davomida 2014 yilgi qishki Olimpiya o'yinlari, Ilova mezbon Brian Lilley CBC telekanalining shaxslarini Olimpiya o'yinlarida qatnashadigan raqiblarning nomlarini aytgani uchun tanqid qiladigan segmentni namoyish etdi Kvebek ularni anglicize qilishdan ko'ra frantsuzcha uslubda.[89] Kanadalik inglizcha ingliz tilidagi bo'lmagan nomlar bilan ishlash bo'yicha yagona standartga ega emas; ba'zi ma'ruzachilar ularni g'azablantiradilar, boshqalari esa mahalliy talaffuzni iloji boricha sinchkovlik bilan bajarishga harakat qiladilar, ammo ikkala amaliyot ham ob'ektiv ravishda noto'g'ri deb hisoblanmaydi va dunyodagi ko'plab xalqaro yangiliklar tashkilotlari o'zlari qamrab olgan shaxslarga hurmat sifatida so'nggi amaliyotga amal qilishadi.[89] Ertasi kuni Lilley segment uchun uzr so'radi.[89]

CBSC qarorlari

Sun News Network, efirga uzatiladigan litsenziyasining majburiy sharti sifatida, unga a'zo bo'lgan Kanadaning eshittirish standartlari bo'yicha kengashi (CBSC) va CBSC tomonidan yozilgan Axloq kodeksiga rioya qilishlari kerak edi.[90] Kodeksning buzilishi 2011 yil 22-dekabrda, Ezra Levant sharhida Manba, portlatilgan Chiquita Brands International va uning axloqiy yozuv kompaniyasi aytganidan so'ng, ishlab chiqarilgan neftdan foydalanishni to'xtatadi Alberta yog 'qumlari. Ispan tilida gaplashar ekan, Levant ispaniyalik Chikuita rahbariga borib onasi bilan jinsiy aloqada bo'ling. CBSCga Levantning so'kishni ishlatganligi to'g'risida 22 ta shikoyat kelib tushdi, bir nechtasi bu ispan tilidagi eng yomon haqoratlardan biri ekanligini ta'kidladi. Though Sun News and Levant went on to argue that the phrase can have several meanings, Levant later admitted he intended to use the term in its literal, most vulgar sense.[90] With that, the CBSC determined in June 2012 that, though Levant had his right to criticize Chiquita and its management, his use of the Spanish vulgarity violated Clause 6 of the Code of Ethics, which requires "full, fair and proper presentation of news, opinion, comment and editorial" content; as a result, Sun News was required to issue an on-air announcement of the CBSC decision.[91]

An earlier incident that gained much more attention and complaints, but which had a different outcome, occurred during a June 1, 2011 broadcast of Canada Live, qachon Krista Erickson muhokama qilindi davlat tomonidan moliyalashtirish for arts programmes with interpretive dancer Margie Gillis. During the discussion, Erickson took an aggressive verbal tone towards a soft-spoken Gillis, shouting over Gillis's responses and challenging her comments about lack of compassion amongst Canadians when, to quote Erickson, "We have lost more than 150 soldiers who have served in Afghanistan!"[92] Though Sun News stood by Erickson and her conduct in the Gillis interview,[93] the CBSC would receive 6,676 complaints from viewers over the incident, considerably more than twice the annual average number of complaints the Council receives.[94] After reviewing the complaints, the CBSC determined in February 2012 that no violation of Clause 6 of the Code of Ethics occurred, stating that Erickson's line of questioning, though forceful, did not cross into personal attacks.[95]

Another incident that occurred on Manba (separate from the Chiquita incident mentioned above) involved the July 4, 2011 broadcast, when Ezra Levant and journalist/blogger Kathryn Marshall discussed a municipal- and provincial-government-funded program in Edmonton that provides uy-joy and studio space for Edmonton artists; during the discussion, Levant frequently (and Marshall occasionally) called the program "free housing" for artists. On the July 6 Manba, Levant retracted the "free housing" comments after reading a viewer comment that faulted him for not verifying his claims (residents of the project do pay rent), though he stood by his objections to government funding for the project. The CBSC, after receiving 40 complaints on the incident, sided with Levant and Sun News in determining that no violation of Code of Ethics Clauses 6 and 7 (the latter clause concerns fair treatment on controversial issues) had occurred.[96]

"Gypsy" comments

On September 5, 2012, Sun News Network host Ezra Levant broadcast a commentary "The Jew vs. the Gypsies" on Manba, in which he accused the Rimliklar as a group of being criminals and said: "These are gypsies, a culture synonymous with swindlers. The phrase gypsy and cheater have been so interchangeable historically that the word has entered the English language as a verb: he gypped me. Gypsies are not a race. They're a shiftless group of hobos. They rob people blind. Their chief economy is theft and begging. For centuries these roving highway gangs have mocked the law and robbed their way across Europe."[97]

Following complaints, the Sun News Network removed the video from its website and issued an apology: "Two weeks ago on the Sun News program "The Source" we looked at the issue of Canadian refugee claims by the Roma people. Following the broadcast we received a number of complaints from viewers who felt the broadcast reinforced negative stereotypes about the Roma people. We have completed a review of the material and we agree that this content was inappropriate and should not have gone to air. It was not the intent of Sun News, or anyone employed by Sun News, to promote negative stereotypes about the Roma people. We regret our error in these broadcasts, and we apologize unreservedly to the Roma people and to you, our viewers."[98]

Bernie Farber, sobiq bosh direktori Kanada yahudiylari Kongressi, Holokost survivor Nate Leipciger and Avrum Rosensweig of Ve’ahavta: The Canadian Jewish Humanitarian and Relief Committee published an op-ed in the Milliy pochta which condemned Levant's commentary as a "contemptible screed" and argued that "[t]he time has come for all of us to reject hate and bigotry – against any group".[99]

Gina Csanyi-Robah, executive director of the Roma Community Centre in Toronto, described the broadcast as "nearly nine minutes of on-air racist hate-speech targeting our community", "one of the longest and most sustained on-air broadcasts of hate-speech against any community in Canada that we've witnessed since our organization was established in 1997" and as "overtly racist, prejudicial, and demeaning."[100] The centre filed complaints against Sun News with the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission and the Canadian Broadcast Standards Council, and against Levant with the Alberta Law Society[99] as well as with the Toronto politsiya xizmati.[100]

In March 2013, Levant apologized for his remarks stating his rant "will serve as an example of what not to do when commenting on social issues".[101] It was subsequently reported that the police and toj advokati had recommended hate charges be laid against Levant but the Ontario bosh prokurori 's office declined to lay charges because of fears that the trial would become a "bit of a [media] circus".[102][103]

The Canadian Broadcast Standards Council subsequently ruled, in September 2013, that Levant's broadcast was "in violation of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters' Code of Ethics and Equitable Portrayal Code," and that his comments about the Roma were "abusive and unduly discriminatory against an ethnic group, and violated other provisions of the [code] regarding negative portrayal, stereotyping, stigmatization and degradation."[104][105]

On January 23, 2013, Levant showed video of a protest that had occurred in front of the Sun News office in Toronto in which protesters objected to the Quyosh's coverage of the Boshqa ishsiz harakat. Levant replayed the clip on a subsequent broadcast and proceeded to identify one couple by name claiming that they were "professional protesters." The couple subsequently contacted Sun to complain that it was not them in the clip, that they had not attended the protest nor even been in Toronto at the time. "The CBSC's National Specialty Services Panel concluded that Sun News Network breached Clause 6 of the CAB Code of Ethics for including inaccurate information in the talk show. Levant had acknowledged his error on the February 8 episode of Manba."[106]

2011 Citizenship Week incident

2011 yil 18 oktyabrda, The Roundtable held a ceremony at Sun News' Toronto studios to commemorate Canada's celebration of Citizenship Week. Sun News producers, rather than sending a crew to one of several citizenship ceremonies in the Toronto area (as Fuqarolik va immigratsiya Kanada (CIC) officials had initially recommended), offered instead to have 10 new Canadian citizens take the Fuqarolik qasamyodi at its studios (suggesting that the network only wanted to cover the oath, rather than a full ceremony, on-air). The CIC Toronto office scrambled to arrange for 10 recently sworn citizens to reaffirm the oath on Sun News at the network's request, and the oath ceremony went ahead as planned on October 18, with Davra suhbati langar Alex Pierson va Pat Bolland presenting the group as if to suggest that they were taking the oath for the first time (though the presiding judge made it clear during the broadcast that this was only a reaffirmation of the oath).[107] However, in a February 2, 2012 Canadian Press report, which relied on documents and e-mails released under the Access to Information Act, about six of the 10 who reaffirmed the oath were in fact CIC employees, who were there to fill in for those new citizens who had to back out due to other commitments and to ensure "the right numbers" for the Sun News broadcast.[108] (the names of CIC and Sun News employees on the e-mails, which were redacted in the CP report, were revealed in later reports by other outlets).[109][110]

CIC was criticised for its role in the incident, while opposition members in the Kanadaning jamoatlar palatasi laid blame on Immigratsiya vaziri Jeyson Kenni for the "deceptive" reaffirmation ceremony (an e-mail revealed in the CP report as coming from a SunMedia.ca address appeared to suggest that Sun News offered to "fake the oath" on-air).[108] Kenny and his office, after the CP's February 2 report, insisted they were not made aware of CIC Toronto's actions in the event until the day before the CP report was released, blaming CIC Toronto officials for their "poor [handling]" and "logistical problems".[111] Kenney's press secretary, Candice Malcolm, went so far as to offer a mea culpa to Sun News in a February 3 appearance on The Roundtable.[112]

Pat Bolland, in his February 3 interview with Candice Malcolm, acknowledged that both Sun News and the government "had a little bit of egg on our face [sic],"[112] but both he and fellow Davra suhbati host Alex Pierson asserted they were personally not privy to CIC's actions or the actual citizenship status of the participants when they presented the event to viewers.[113] Sun News management would claim no advance knowledge as well, with spokesperson Luc Lavoie stating that "our viewers were deceived by a well-meaning [CIC] bureaucrat who made a poor decision", and cited, by name, a Sun News producer (who left the network a month after the event) for her role in the incident.[109] However, the explanations of both Kenney's office and Sun News were called into question in June 2012, when a new Canadian Press report revealed that they both were in fact privy to the presence of the civil servants on the Davra suhbati broadcast, and that Sun was "given the choice" to use them on-air.[114] Kenney, in response to the new CP report, backtracked on his earlier blame of CIC bureaucrats, claiming in Jamiyat palatasi that "at every citizenship ceremony Canadians are invited to reaffirm, including public servants", and that the Sun News incident "was perfectly normal and legitimate".[115]

Sun News was criticised for the incident: Toronto Star sharhlovchi Xizer Mallik, after the original CP report, called the broadcast a "charade" that "mocked our democracy [and] journalism",[116] esa a Yulduz editorial stated that Sun failed its viewers for "misrepresenting a reaffirmation ceremony as a citizenship one".[117] Sun News had its defenders, however: Sun host Krista Erickson defended her colleagues' role, branding the original CP story as "extremely misleading" and a "completely unfair attack".[112] CTV News Channel host Don Martin also said that Sun was not to blame, other than "not having the resources to attend a real ceremony".[118] The February 2 CP report noted that CIC Toronto officials had lingering doubts about the broadcast, and one official recommended afterwards that Sun News, should the network desire to do so, present a full citizenship ceremony (not a reaffirmation) in the future, either in its studios or at a scheduled CIC ceremony.[108]

Justin Trudeau photo

During a September 15, 2014 edition of Manba, Ezra Levant featured a photo of Liberal rahbar Jastin Tryudo, taken and tvit yozdi by Trudeau's official photographer, posing with a bridal party and giving the bride a kiss on the cheek. In comments criticising Trudeau and the media's general coverage of him, Levant used the photo to claim that Trudeau "pushed himself into the picture in an intimate way" on an occasion where, Levant contended, the bride should be kissed by only her father and the groom. Levant went further, drawing a line from Trudeau's actions to the promiscuity of Trudeau's parents, former Bosh Vazir Per Trudeau (whom Levant termed "a slut") and Margaret Trudeau. Levant's comments drew criticism from Trudeau's office on September 23, stating Sun Media "crossed the line... of editorial integrity" in airing a "personal attack on the Trudeau family." (The bride in the photo and her father-in-law would publicly state that Trudeau was given permission to pose in the photo and to kiss the bride.) In a show of displeasure towards Sun Media, Trudeau's office announced that he would "continue to not engage" with Sun's print, broadcast, and online outlets until Quebecor "resolves the matter."[119][120] Sun Media would offer an apology before the September 29 broadcast of Manba, with an announcer stating that the segment was in poor taste and expressing apologies to Trudeau, his family, and viewers, although Levant did not apologize personally. Trudeau's office, in turn, offered an acceptance of the apology.[121]

Reytinglar va tomoshabinlar soni

Ratings for Sun News were consistently poor, especially amongst the 25-54 year-old market most desirable to advertisers; at least one prime-time Sun News show once drew a zero rating in the 25-54 demographic.[122]

On Sun News's first night of programming on April 18, 2011, 37,000 viewers nationwide tuned into the half-hour preview show, with 31,000 viewers staying to watch the first regular program, The Source with Ezra Levant; other first-day viewership levels included 31,000 for Charlz Adler and 17,000 for Byline with Brian Lilley. After that first night, however, first-week viewership fell considerably, with the network attracting 12,000 viewers on April 20, only 1,000 of them within the advertiser-desired 25-54 age demographic. Viewership numbers did not improve going forward that week; on April 22 at 7:00 p.m. Eastern Time, 11,000 viewers watched Sun News, well behind CBC News Network's number for that hour (263,000) and even behind U.S. import CNN (38,000).[61]

By June 2011, Sun News reached an average of 12,900 viewers, which ranked it ahead of all-business specialty channel BNN but well behind both CBC News Network and CTV News Channel.[123]

In August 2011, Quebecor Media Inc. stated that on August 12, Sun News had higher viewership than CTV News Channel during the period from 3:00 to 10:00 p.m. Eastern Time and higher than CBC News Network in the 3:00 to 5:00 p.m. davr. The channel also had its highest ever viewership of 89,000 for the 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time telecast of Ilova.[124] The next Thursday August 18, Sun News Network had higher viewership than CTV News Network from 1:00 p.m.–10:00 p.m.[125] bilan Charlz Adler receiving 62,000 viewers and Ilova garnering 80,000 viewers. However, on the next day, the numbers dropped to 30,000 for Adler and 19,000 for Ilova.[126] On December 28, the highest rated show was The Source with Ezra Levant, garnering an audience of 38,000 viewers. Byline with Brian Lilley pulled 35,000 viewers. However, only 5,000 and 6,000 of those viewers respectively were from the coveted 25-54 age demographic. Charlz Adler only drew 8,000 viewers at 8:00 p.m. with zero in the 25-54 age bracket.[122]

On April 18, 2012, one year after Sun News' launch, a BBM Kanada ratings report revealed that during a 24-hour period from 2:00 a.m. the current day to 2:00 a.m. Eastern Time the next day between August 31, 2011 and March 31, 2012, Sun News came in fourth place among English language news channels in Canada, bringing in only 0.1% of viewers, a fraction of the reyting for CBC News Network (1.4%), CNN (0.9%) and the CTV News Network (0.8%). Requests for Sun News to comment or elaborate on the ratings were declined.[127]

According to documents filed by Sun News Network with the CRTC in January 2013, the channel had a viewership of 16,400 in an average minute.[46] Other sources report that number as being far lower, with the CBC reporting that in 2013 Sun News was only attracting, on average, 8,000 viewers at any given time.[128]

Xodimlar

An image of Sun News Network's Krista Erickson appeared on the 4/18/2011 front page of the Toronto Sun to herald that day's launch of Sun News Network. The Quyosh newspapers served as both a promotional tool and content source for the network.

Sun News was headed by Kory Teneycke, vice president of development for Quebecor and a former director of communications and chief spokesperson for Prime Minister Stephen Harper.[129] Teneycke briefly left Sun News after a firestorm erupted over his criticism of Sun News' critics (see 2010 licensing campaign yuqorida); during that interim (September 2010 to January 2011), Sun News was headed by Luc Lavoie, a long-time Quebecor executive and, like Teneycke, a former Prime Minister's spokesperson (he served under Brayan Myulroni ).[iqtibos kerak ]

At its June 2010 launch announcement, Sun News respectively named Devid Akin and Brian Lilley as national bureau chief and senior correspondent;[13] both men serve as on-air hosts. Sun News' first significant on-air hire was nationally syndicated talk show host Charlz Adler; the Winnipeg-based Adler was named in September 2010 to host a nightly analysis/opinion show on the network (Adler's titular show was cancelled in September 2013, following the host's on-air chat with Kory Teneycke).[130] Two more significant hires took place in October 2010, when Sun News hired longtime CBC News reporter Krista Erickson to serve as host and reporter, while also hiring author, columnist and G'arbiy standart founder Ezra Levant to host a late-afternoon analysis show.[131] During the summer of 2010, Sun News made an overture to comedian Rik Merser (who declined), while also denying rumours of an offer to Kevin Nyuman, who left his anchor position at Global milliy that August[132] and is currently a host for CTV News Channel. Teo Kolduell was also tapped to host a business-oriented afternoon show, but was quickly dropped in the summer of 2011 and replaced by Maykl Koren.

Sun News hired Toronto meri Rob Ford and his brother, Toronto city councillor Dag Ford, to host a weekly opinion show on the network, Ford Nation in November 2013. The Ford brothers previously hosted a Sunday afternoon call-in show on Toronto radio station CFRB, and their hire by Sun came at a period of turmoil for Rob Ford, who had been facing ayblovlar concerning his conduct in office.[133] Ford Nation, despite garnering respectable viewership for the network, was cancelled after only one airing, on November 18, reportedly due to the cost of taping and editing the programme as well as the Fords' inexperience with the television medium.[134]

Use of Sun Media print staff

In addition to the on-air staff listed below, as well as an international content agreement with CNN,[135] Sun News relied in part on staff and resources from the Quyosh chain and other Quebecor-owned newspapers; a number of Quebecor's print journalists were trained on the TV newsgathering tasks they perform in addition to their regular newspaper and website duties (Sun News logo, in fact, was patterned after the Toronto Sun's long-time circular insignia, which was re-applied to all Quyosh tabloids and websites a day after Sun News' debut).[136]

On-air staff (at shutdown)

Anchors and hosts

  • Jerry Agar - mezbon To'g'ri suhbat (3:00 to 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time); also radio host for CFRB (1010 AM) in Toronto
  • Devid Akin – national bureau chief for Sun Media and host of Jang maydoni
  • Adrien Batra - mezbon To'g'ri suhbat (1:00 to 3:00 p.m. Eastern Time); former "Comment" editor for the Toronto Sun
  • Pat Bolland – Toronto-based anchor of the midday edition of To'g'ri suhbat (formerly co-host of AM kun tartibi va The Roundtable)
  • Maykl Koren - mezbon Arena; also Sun Media columnist
  • Ezra Levant - mezbon Manba; also Sun Media columnist
  • Brian Lilley - mezbon Ilova and senior correspondent; also Sun Media columnist
  • Alex Pierson – Toronto-based anchor of the first edition of To'g'ri suhbat (formerly co-host of AM kun tartibi va The Roundtable)
Muxbirlar

Commentators, mutaxassislar, and contributors

Previous on-air staff

Shuningdek qarang

  • Isyonchi yangiliklar - an online political news channel, featuring several former Sun News Network personalities, created by Ezra Levant following the demise of the Sun News Network
  • Le Canal Nouvelles - Quebecor/TVA's French news channel
  • Fox News - American neoconservative news channel

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