Trinity kolleji Dublin - Trinity College Dublin - Wikipedia

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Trinity kolleji
Kollegiya Sanctae Individuae Trinitatis
Dublin universiteti
To'liq ism	Dublin yaqinidagi qirolicha Yelizaveta Muqaddas va Bo'linmagan Uch Birlik kolleji[1] Irland: Coláiste Thríonóid Naofa Neamhroinnte na Banríona Eilís gar do Bhaile Átha Cliath[2]
Lotin nomi	Kollegiya Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin[3]
Shiori	Perpetuis futuris temporibus duraturam (Lotin )[4]
Ingliz tilidagi shior	Bu kelajakdagi abadiy vaqtga qadar davom etadi[4]
Ta'sischi	Yelizaveta Angliya va Irlandiyalik
O'rnatilgan	1592; 428 yil oldin (1592)
Nomlangan	Muqaddas Uch Birlik [5]
Birodar kollejlar	Kembrijdagi Sent-Jon kolleji Oriel kolleji, Oksford
Provost	Patrik Prendergast[6]
Bakalavrlar	11,718 (2016-17)[7][8]
Aspirantlar	4,707 (2016-17)[7][8]
Veb-sayt	tcd.ie

Dublin markazida joylashgan joy

Trinity kolleji (Irland: Coláiste na Tríonóide), rasmiy ravishda Dublin yaqinidagi qirolicha Yelizaveta Muqaddas va Bo'linmagan Uch Birlik kolleji, bu yagona tashkil etilgan kollejdir Dublin universiteti, joylashgan tadqiqot universiteti Dublin, Irlandiya. Kollej 1592 yilda tashkil etilgan Qirolicha Yelizaveta I dan keyin yaratilgan "universitetning onasi" sifatida kollej universitetlari ning Oksford va Kembrij, ammo ushbu filiallardan farqli o'laroq, faqat bitta kollej tashkil etilgan; kabi "Uchlik kolleji" va "Dublin universiteti "odatda amaliy maqsadlar uchun sinonimdir.^[9] Kollej o'zining ta'sis to'g'risidagi nizomida ko'rsatilganidek, "Provost, stipendiya a'zolari, fond olimlari va boshqaruvning boshqa a'zolari" tomonidan qonuniy ravishda tashkil etilgan.^[10] Bu yettitadan biri qadimiy universitetlar Britaniya va Irlandiya,^[11] shuningdek, Irlandiyaning omon qolgan eng qadimgi universiteti.^[12]Trinity kolleji keng Irlandiyaning eng obro'li universiteti hisoblanadi,^[13] va Evropadagi eng elita akademik muassasalardan biri.^[14] Kollej, ayniqsa, Huquq, Adabiyot va Gumanitar fanlar sohasida katta obro'ga ega.^[15] Formulasiga muvofiq ad eundem gradum, Oksford universiteti, Kembrij universiteti va Dublin universiteti, Oksford, Kembrij yoki Dublin bitiruvchisi o'rtasida mavjud bo'lgan tan olish shakliga berilishi mumkin. teng daraja boshqa ikkita universitetning birida qo'shimcha imtihonsiz.^[16] Dublin shahridagi Trinity kolleji birodar kollejdir Sent-Jon kolleji, Kembrij va Oriel kolleji, Oksford.^[17][18]

Dastlab Trinity shahar devorlari tashqarisida tashkil etilgan Dublin noqonuniy katolik avgustiniyning binolarida Barcha muqaddas narsalarning ustuvorligi. Trinity kolleji qisman qoidalarni mustahkamlash uchun tashkil etilgan Tudor monarxiya Irlandiyada va natijada universitet Protestant ko'tarilishi uning tarixining katta qismi uchun.^[19] 1793 yildan katoliklar qabul qilingan bo'lsa-da, kollejga a'zo bo'lish uchun ma'lum cheklovlar saqlanib qoldi, chunki professorlik, stipendiya va stipendiyalar protestantlar uchun saqlangan. Ushbu cheklovlar 1873 yilda parlament to'g'risidagi qonun bilan bekor qilingan.^[20] Biroq, 1871 yildan 1970 yilgacha Irlandiyadagi katolik cherkovi o'z tarafdorlarini Trinity kollejiga ruxsatsiz o'qishni taqiqladi. Ayollar kollejga birinchi marta 1904 yil yanvar oyida haqiqiy a'zo sifatida qabul qilindi.^[21]

Universitet a'zosi Evropa tadqiqot universitetlari ligasi (LERU), akademik tadqiqotlarda ustun bo'lgan 23 ta institut ro'yxati va guruhdagi yagona Irlandiya universiteti.^[22] Trinity kolleji tomonidan dunyoda 43-o'rinni egalladi QS World University Rankings 2009 yilda va hozirda 101-o'rinni egallab turibdi.^[23] Universitet Irlandiyaning eng taniqli shoirlari, dramaturglari va mualliflarini, shu jumladan, tarbiyalagan Oskar Uayld, Jonathan Swift, Bram Stoker, Uilyam Trevor, Oliver Goldsmit va Uilyam Kongrive, Nobel mukofotlari sovrindorlari Samuel Beket, Ernest Uolton, Merid Maguayr va Uilyam Sesil Kempbell, Irlandiyaning sobiq prezidentlari Meri Makalez, Duglas Xayd va Meri Robinson, faylasuflar, shu jumladan Jorj Berkli va Edmund Burk, siyosatchi Devid Norris va matematik Uilyam Rovan Xemilton. Uzoq tarixini hisobga olgan holda, universitet ko'plab romanlarda, afsonalarda va shahar afsonalarida eslatib o'tilgan.^[24]

Trinity kolleji hozirda Dublin markazida joylashgan bo'lib, u joylashgan Yashil kollej, tarixiy qarama-qarshi Irlandiyaning parlament uylari. Kollej yotoqxonasi ko'pincha dunyodagi eng go'zal universitetlar shaharchalari qatoriga kiradi, birinchi navbatda u tufayli Gruziya me'morchiligi binolar.^[25] Kollej 190 ming metrni egallaydi² (47 gektar), ko'plab binolari katta bo'lgan to'rtburchaklar ("kvadratlar" nomi bilan tanilgan) va ikkita o'yin maydoni. Akademik jihatdan u uchga bo'linadi fakultetlar 25 ta maktabni o'z ichiga oladi daraja va ikkalasida ham diplom kurslari bakalavriat va aspirantura darajalar. Universitet dunyo miqyosida etakchi ilmiy tadqiqotlar markazi sifatida tan olingan, shuningdek, nanotexnologiya, axborot texnologiyalari, immunologiya, matematika, muhandislik, psixologiya, siyosat, ingliz va gumanitar fanlar bo'yicha dunyoda etakchi hisoblanadi.^[26] Qabul qilish tartibi juda raqobatbardosh va faqat akademik yutuqlarga asoslangan.^[27] The Trinity kolleji kutubxonasi a qonuniy depozit Irlandiya va Buyuk Britaniya kutubxonasi, 7 millionga yaqin bosma jild va ko'plab qo'lyozmalarni o'z ichiga olgan, shu jumladan taniqli Kells kitobi, 1661 yilda diniy muassasalarga Kromvelli reydlaridan keyin saqlash uchun kollejga kelgan.^[28] Uzoq xonada joylashgan ulkan kollektsiyaga 1916 yilgi noyob nusxa kiritilgan Irlandiya Respublikasining e'lon qilinishi va Irlandiyaning hozirgi gerbi uchun namuna bo'lgan 15-asr yog'och arfa. Kutubxonaning o'zi har yili yarim milliondan ziyod mehmonni qabul qiladi, bu esa uni Irlandiyadagi eng muhim kutubxonaga aylantiradi.^[29]

Tarix

The Kells kitobi Trinity kolleji kutubxonasidagi jildlarning eng mashhuri. Bu erda Kellsdan kelgan Madonna va bola ko'rsatilgan (fol 7v).

Dastlabki tarix

Dublinning birinchi universiteti (nomi bilan tanilgan O'rta asr Dublin universiteti va hozirgi universitet bilan bog'liq bo'lmagan) tomonidan yaratilgan Papa 1311 yilda,^[30] va tugatilishidan oldin ko'p yillar davomida kansler, o'qituvchilar va talabalar (toj tomonidan himoya qilingan) bo'lgan. Islohot.

Buning ortidan va yangi universitet haqida ba'zi munozaralar Avliyo Patrik sobori, 1592 yilda Dublin fuqarolarining kichik bir guruhi nizom olishdi patentlar xatlari qirolichadan Yelizaveta^{[Izoh 1]} sobiq saytida joylashgan Trinity kollejini o'z ichiga olgan All Hallows monastiri tomonidan taqdim etilgan shahar devorlarining janubiy sharqida Dublin korporatsiyasi.^[31] Kollejning birinchi provosti bu edi Dublin arxiyepiskopi, Adam Loftus (sobiq kollejdan keyin Kembrij muassasa nomi berilgan),^[5] va unga ikkita boshlang'ich stipendiya berildi, Jeyms Xemilton va Jeyms Fullerton. Poydevor bo'lganidan ikki yil o'tgach, bir nechta talabalar va talabalar yangi kollejda ishlay boshladilar, keyin esa bitta kichik maydon atrofida yotar edilar.

Keyingi ellik yil ichida jamoat xayr-ehsonlarni ko'paytirdi, shu jumladan ko'plab mulk egalari ta'minlandi, yangi do'stliklarga asos solindi, buyuk kutubxonaning poydevori bo'lgan kitoblar sotib olindi, o'quv dasturi ishlab chiqildi va nizomlar tuzildi. Ta'sis maktublari Patenti bir necha marta keyingi monarxlar tomonidan o'zgartirilgan, masalan Jeyms I 1613 yilda va eng muhimi 1637 yilda Karl I (ular o'rtoqlar sonini etti kishidan o'n oltigacha oshirib, Boshqaruvni, keyin Provostni va ettita katta izdoshlarni tashkil etishdi va tashrif buyuruvchilar tarkibini qisqartirishdi) va qirolicha Viktoriya hukmronlik qilgan paytdan boshlab to'ldirilgan (va keyinchalik hali ham o'zgartirilgan) The Oireachtas 2000 yilda).^[32]

18-19 asrlar

XVIII asr davomida Trinity kolleji universitet sifatida qaraldi Protestant ko'tarilishi. Parlament, Green College-ning narigi tomonida joylashgan uchrashuv, qurilish uchun saxiy grantlar ajratdi. Ushbu davrning birinchi binosi 1712 yilda boshlangan Eski kutubxona binosi bo'lib, undan keyin Bosmaxona va Ovqatlanish zali boshlandi. Asrning ikkinchi yarmida Parlament maydoni asta-sekin paydo bo'ldi. O'n to'qqizinchi asrning boshlarida buyuk qurilish harakati Botanika ko'rfazida yakunlandi, bu maydon o'z nomini qisman o'z ichiga olgan o'tlar bog'idan olgan (va Trinity kollejining o'z Botanika bog'lari tomonidan amalga oshirilgan). Dastlabki qadamlardan so'ng Katolik ozodligi, Katoliklarga kirish uchun ariza berishga birinchi marta 1793 yilda ruxsat berilgan,^[33] ga teng bo'lgan o'zgarishdan oldin Kembrij universiteti va Oksford universiteti. Muayyan nogironlar qoldi. 1845 yil dekabrda Denis Kolfild Heron Trinity kollejida eshitish mavzusi bo'lgan. Heron ilgari tekshiruvdan o'tgan va loyiqligi sababli kollejning olimi deb e'lon qilingan, ammo katolik dini tufayli uning o'rnini egallashga ruxsat berilmagan. Heron sudga murojaat qildi mandamus yozuvi ishni sud tomonidan ko'rib chiqilishini talab qiladi Dublin arxiyepiskopi va Irlandiya.^[34] Ning qarori Richard Uayt va Jon Jorj de la Poer Beresford Heron stipendiyadan chetda qolishi kerak edi.^[35] Ushbu qaror anglikan bo'lmagan shaxslar (presviterianlar ham ta'sir ko'rsatgan) uchun stipendiya, stipendiya yoki professor sifatida saylana olmaslik huquqi mavjudligini tasdiqladi. Ammo bundan o'n o'ttiz yil o'tmay, katoliklarga nisbatan qo'llanilgan barcha nogironlar 1873 yildagi kabi bekor qilindi, diniy sinovlar bekor qilindi, faqatgina ilohiyot maktabi. Biroq, katoliklarning yepiskoplar axloqiy nuqtai nazardan va protestantlik tashkil etilishi munosabati bilan yahudiylar protestant sifatida ko'rgan muassasaga tashrif buyurishlari mumkin bo'lgan bu o'zgarishlar tufayli, ortib borgan osonliklarga javoban irland katolik yepiskoplari. Irlandiya katolik universiteti, 1871 yilda katoliklarning Trinity kollejiga kirishiga umuman taqiq qo'yildi, istisnolardan tashqari. "Taqiq" uzoq umr ko'rishiga qaramay, mashhur ong bilan bog'liq Dublin arxiyepiskopi Jon Charlz McQuaid chunki u taqiqni 1956 yildan boshlab, MakKuaydning nafaqaga chiqishiga oz vaqt qolganda, 1970 yilda Irlandiyaning katolik yepiskoplari tomonidan bekor qilinmaguniga qadar amalga oshirgan. 1956 yilgacha, bu mahalliy episkopning vazifasi edi.

Bram Stoker, Trinity bitiruvchisi va muallifi Drakula

O'n to'qqizinchi asr, shuningdek, kasb-hunar maktablarida muhim o'zgarishlar yuz berdi. Asrning o'rtalaridan keyin yuridik maktab qayta tashkil etildi. Tibbiyot o'qitish kollejda 1711 yildan beri olib borilgan, ammo 1800 yilda qonun asosida maktab mustahkam tashkil etilganidan keyingina va bitta Makartni ilhomi ostida u to'liq rol o'ynashi mumkin edi, Dublin tibbiyotining katta davrida Graves va Stokes kabi o'qituvchilar bilan. Muhandislik maktabi 1842 yilda tashkil etilgan va Irlandiyada va Britaniyada birinchilardan biri bo'lgan.

20-asr

1900 yil aprelda, Qirolicha Viktoriya Dublin shahridagi kollej Griniga tashrif buyurdi.^[36]

Ayollar birinchi marta 1904 yilda Trinity kollejiga haqiqiy a'zo sifatida qabul qilingan. 1904 yildan 1907 yilgacha Oksford va Kembrij ayollari Trinity kollejiga o'qishga kirish uchun kelishgan. eundem darajasi va sifatida tanilgan Paroxod ayollar.

1907 yilda Irlandiya bo'yicha bosh kotib ning tiklanishini taklif qildi Dublin universiteti. "Dublin universiteti mudofaa qo'mitasi" tashkil etildi va mavjud vaziyat o'zgarishiga qarshi tashviqot ishlarida muvaffaqiyatli ishtirok etdi, katolik yepiskoplarining bu g'oyani rad etishi katolik aholisi orasida muvaffaqiyatsizlikni ta'minladi. Yepiskoplarni tashvishga soladigan asosiy narsa Irlandiya katolik universitetining qoldiqlari bo'lib, u Trinity kolleji hisobiga Anglikan tarkibiga kiradigan yangi universitetga aylantirilishi mumkin edi. Oxir oqibat ushbu epizod Irlandiya Milliy universiteti. Trinity kolleji 1916 yil davomida ko'ngillilar va fuqarolar armiyasining maqsadlaridan biri bo'lgan Fisih bayramining ko'tarilishi ammo oz sonli kasaba uyushmasi talabalari tomonidan muvaffaqiyatli himoya qilindi,^[37] ularning aksariyati universitet a'zolari edi Ofitserlar tayyorlash korpusi. 1917 yil iyuldan 1918 yil martgacha Irlandiya konvensiyasi Pasxa ko'tarilishining siyosiy oqibatlarini bartaraf etish maqsadida kollejda uchrashdi. (Keyinchalik, Konventsiya "jiddiy kelishuv" ga erishilmagandan so'ng, Irlandiyaning Ozod shtati 1922 yilda tashkil etilgan.) Mustaqillikdan keyingi davrda Trinity kolleji yangi davlat bilan salqin munosabatlarga duch keldi. 1955 yil 3 mayda Provost, Doktor A.J. McConnell, bir qismda ko'rsatib o'tdi Irish Times ba'zi bir shtat tomonidan moliyalashtirilgan County Kengashi stipendiyalari Trinity kollejini tasdiqlangan muassasalar ro'yxatidan chiqarib tashlaganligi. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, bu konstitutsiya tomonidan taqiqlangan diniy kamsitishga to'g'ri keladi.

Trinity kolleji old maydoni

Savdo maktabi 1925 yilda, Ijtimoiy tadqiqotlar maktabi esa 1934 yilda tashkil etilgan. Shuningdek 1934 yilda birinchi ayol professor tayinlandi.

1958 yilda Uchlik kengashiga katta o'qituvchi sifatida etib kelgan birinchi katolik ko'rildi.

1962 yilda Savdo maktabi va Ijtimoiy tadqiqotlar maktabi birlashib, Biznes va ijtimoiy tadqiqotlar maktabini tashkil etishdi. 1969 yilda bir nechta maktab va kafedralar fakultetlarga quyidagicha birlashtirildi: San'at (gumanitar va adabiyot); Biznes, iqtisodiy va ijtimoiy tadqiqotlar; Muhandislik va tizim fanlari; Sog'liqni saqlash fanlari (1977 yil oktyabr oyidan boshlab Dublindagi stomatologiya fanlari bo'yicha barcha bakalavrlar Trinity kollejida joylashgan); Ilm-fan.

1970 yilda Katolik cherkovi katoliklarning kollejga maxsus dispansiyasiz qatnashi to'g'risidagi taqiqni bekor qildi. Shu bilan birga, Trinity kolleji ma'muriyati katolik ruhoniysi tayinlashni kollejga joylashtirishni taklif qildi.^[38] Hozirda bunday katoliklarning ikkita ruhoniysi bor.^[39]

1960-yillarning oxirida, uchun bir taklif bor edi Universitet kolleji, Dublin, Irlandiya Milliy Universitetining yangi tiklangan Dublin Universitetining ta'sis kolleji bo'lish. Tomonidan tavsiya etilgan ushbu reja Brayan Lenixan va Donog OMalley, Trinity kolleji talabalarining qarshiliklaridan so'ng tashlab qo'yilgan.

1975 yildan boshlab hozirgi kunda tashkil etilayotgan Texnologiya kollejlari Dublin Texnologiya Instituti Dublin universiteti tomonidan ilmiy darajalari berilgan. Ushbu kelishuv 1998 yilda DIT o'z darajalarini berish vakolatlarini qo'lga kiritgandan so'ng to'xtatildi.

The Farmatsiya maktabi 1977 yilda tashkil etilgan va shu davrda veterinariya fakulteti ko'chirilgan Universitet kolleji, Dublin uning stomatologiya maktabi evaziga. Talabalar soni 1980 va 1990 yillarda keskin o'sdi, ularning umumiy soni ikki barobardan ko'proq oshdi, bu resurslarga va keyingi investitsiya dasturlariga bosim o'tkazdi.

1991 yilda Tomas Noel Mitchell birinchi Rim-katolik tomonidan saylangan Trinity kollejining Provosti bo'ldi.^[40]

21-asr

Trinity kolleji bugun Dublin markazida. Yangi asrning boshlarida u mablag'larni qayta taqsimlash va ma'muriy xarajatlarni kamaytirish uchun akademik tuzilmalarni tubdan yangilashga kirishdi, natijada, masalan, kelgusi boshqaruv tomonidan keyingi restrukturizatsiya ostida aytilgan oltidan beshgacha, natijada uchta fakultetga qisqartirildi. hokimiyat. O'n yillik strategik rejada kollej global darajada moliyalashtirish uchun raqobatlashmoqchi bo'lgan to'rtta tadqiqot mavzusiga ustuvor ahamiyat berilgan. Ushbu tarkibiy qayta tuzilishga qadar va undan keyin idoraviy birlik xarajatlari va umumiy xarajatlardagi farqni ko'rib chiqadigan mablag'larning taqqoslash statistikasi aniq ko'rinmaydi.^[41] The Xemilton matematika instituti Uilyam Rouan Xemilton sharafiga nomlangan Trinity kollejida 2005 yilda tashkil etilgan bo'lib, u Irlandiya matematikasining xalqaro obro'sini yaxshilashga, jamoatchilikning matematikadan xabardorligini oshirishga va mahalliy matematik tadqiqotlarni seminarlar, konferentsiyalar va tashrif buyuruvchilar dasturi orqali qo'llab-quvvatlashga qaratilgan.

Binolar va maydonchalar

Parlament maydoni

Trinity kolleji poytaxtning markazida joylashganiga qaramay (va Dublindagi eng muhim sayyohlik joylaridan biri bo'lishiga qaramay) osoyishta kollej muhitini saqlab qoladi. Bu, asosan, asosiy binolari ichkariga qaragan va to'rtburchaklar shaklida (to'rtburchaklar deb nomlangan) joylashgan kollejning ixcham dizayni va faqat bir nechta umumiy kirish joylari bilan bog'liq.

Kollejning asosiy maydonlari taxminan 190000 m² (47 gektar), shu jumladan yaqin atrofdagi Trinity kolleji korxona markazi va binolar taxminan 200,000 m²ni tashkil etadi, bu eski me'morchilik asarlaridan tortib to zamonaviy binolarga qadar. Kollejning asosiy eshigi "Green" kollejida joylashgan bo'lib, uning maydoni Nassau va Pearse ko'chalari bilan chegaralangan. Kollej ikkiga bo'lingan Kollej parki kriket va regbi maydonchasiga ega.

Goldsmith Hall zamonaviy kollej qarorgohining ichki hovlisi

Kollejning g'arbiy tomoni qadimgi, unda Kampanil, shuningdek, ko'plab yaxshi binolar, shu jumladan Chapel va Imtihon zali (tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan Ser Uilyam Chambers ), Bitiruvchilar yodgorlik binosi, Muzey binosi, va Rubrikalar, barchasi kollejning beshta maydoniga tarqaldi. The Provost uyi Kollejning old darvozasidan biroz yuqoriroqda joylashganki, uy aslida yoqilgan Grafton ko'chasi, shaharning ikkita asosiy savdo ko'chalaridan biri, uning bog'i esa kollejga to'g'ri keladi. The Duglas Hyde galereyasi, zamonaviy san'at galereyasi, kollejda Semyuel Bekket teatri kabi joylashgan. Bu erda milliy va xalqaro spektakllar bo'lib o'tadi va Dublin Xalqaro Teatr Festivali, Dublin Raqslar Festivali va Fringe Festivali va boshqalar tomonidan foydalaniladi. Akademik davr mobaynida u asosan Drama fakulteti talabalari va xodimlari uchun o'quv va sahna maydoni sifatida ishlatiladi.

Kollejning sharqiy qismida to'rtburchaklar o'rniga uch qatorga joylashtirilgan zamonaviy binolar bo'lgan ilmiy binolar joylashgan. 2010 yilda, Forbes uni dunyodagi eng go'zal 15 kollej maydonlaridan biri deb topdi.^[42]

Kollejda shuningdek, shahar bo'ylab joylashgan Siyosat va Sotsiologiya bo'limlaridan bir qator binolar va inshootlar mavjud. Dame ko'chasi, joylashgan Sog'liqni saqlash fanlari fakulteti binolariga Sent-Jeyms kasalxonasi va Tallaght universiteti kasalxonasi. Sent-Jeyms kasalxonasidagi Trinity markazi qo'shimcha o'quv xonalarini, shuningdek, Molekulyar tibbiyot instituti va Jon Durkan Leykemiya institutini o'z ichiga oladi. Kollejda, shuningdek, kollejdan to'rt kilometr janubda joylashgan ko'plab turar joylar mavjud Dartri yo'li, yilda Ratminalar, deb nomlangan Trinity Hall.^{[Izoh 2]}

2018 yil noyabr oyida kollej 230 million evroga baholanadigan universitetdagi ilmiy tadqiqot inshootlarini rivojlantirish rejalarini e'lon qildi Grand Canal Dock hudud uchun "Innovatsion tuman" ning bir qismi sifatida.^[43]

Parlament maydonidan olingan panorama. Qator binolar chap tomonida Jamoat teatri va o'ng tomonida Chapel tomonidan bezatilgan. O'rtada Regent uyi joylashgan bo'lib, uning eshigi old darvozaga olib boradi.

Chapel

Dublin shahridagi Trinity kolleji cherkovining ichki qismi

Dublin shahridagi Trinity College Chapel tashqi qiyofasi

Hozirgi ibodatxona 1798 yilda qurilgan va Jorj III me'mori tomonidan loyihalashtirilgan, Ser Uilyam Chambers Shuningdek, u Parlament maydonidagi cherkov qarshisidagi jamoat teatrini loyihalashtirgan.^[44] Kollejni aks ettirish Anglikan meros, kundalik xizmatlari mavjud Ertalab namoz, haftalik xizmatlari Evensong va Muqaddas birlashma seshanba va yakshanba kunlari nishonlanadi. Talabalar endi bularga tashrif buyurishlari majburiy emas.

Chapel 1970 yildan beri ekumenik bo'lib, hozirgi kunda har kuni kollejning Rim-katolik a'zolari uchun ommaviy bayramni o'tkazishda foydalanilmoqda. Yashash joyi dekani sifatida tanilgan anglikan ruhoniyidan tashqari, ikkita Rim katolik cherkovi va bitta metodist ruhoniy bor. Ekumenik tadbirlar ko'pincha cherkovda o'tkaziladi, masalan, yillik karol xizmati va dushanba kuni Uchbirlikda minnatdorchilik xizmati.^[45]

Kutubxona

Eski kutubxonaning uzun xonasi

The Trinity kolleji kutubxonasi Irlandiyadagi eng yirik tadqiqot kutubxonasidir. Tarixiy mavqei natijasida Dublin shahridagi Trinity kolleji kutubxonasi qonuniy depozit kutubxona (tegishli ravishda Qonuniy depozit kutubxonalari to'g'risidagi qonun 2003 yil ) Buyuk Britaniya va Shimoliy Irlandiya Birlashgan Qirolligi uchun va Irlandiya qonunlarida xuddi shunday mavqega ega. Shuning uchun kollej qonuniy ravishda Buyuk Britaniya va Irlandiyada nashr etilgan har bir kitobning nusxasini olish huquqiga ega va natijada har yili 100000 dan ortiq yangi ma'lumotlar olinadi. Kutubxonada besh millionga yaqin kitob, shu jumladan 30000 seriyali va muhim qo'lyozma to'plamlari, xaritalar va bosma musiqa mavjud. Uch million kitob "Stacks" kitoblar omborida saqlanmoqda Santri, undan so'rovlar kuniga ikki marta olinadi.

Eski kutubxona, Kelllar kitobi va boshqa qadimiy qo'lyozmalar joylashgan.

Kutubxona kollejdagi bir nechta kutubxona binolaridan tashkil topgan. Asl (eski) kutubxona - Tomas Burghning durdonasi. Ulkan bino bo'lib, u qurib bitkazilgandan so'ng dastlab universitet va shahar ustida joylashgan. Bugungi kunda ham xuddi shunday masshtabli binolar bilan o'ralgan holda, u Nassau ko'chasidan universitet ko'rinishini hayratga soladi va hukmronlik qiladi. U kollej bilan tashkil etilgan va birinchi tomonidan ta'minlangan Jeyms Ussher (1625–56), kollejga bir necha ming bosma kitoblar va qo'lyozmalardan tashkil topgan o'zining qimmatli kutubxonasini bergan Armag arxiyepiskopi. The Kells kitobi Hozirgacha kutubxonaning eng taniqli kitobi va Eski kutubxonada joylashgan Durrow kitobi, Xau kitobi va boshqa qadimiy matnlar. Uzoq xonani o'z ichiga olgan Eski kutubxona Irlandiyaning eng yirik sayyohlik maskanlaridan biri bo'lib, minglab noyob va ko'p hollarda juda erta kitoblarni o'z ichiga oladi. 18-asrda, kollej qabul qildi Brayan Boru arfa, O'rta asrlarda saqlanib qolgan uchta gal arfasidan biri va hozirda kutubxonada saqlanayotgan Irlandiyaning milliy ramzi.

Arnaldo Pomodoroning Sfera ichida shar Berkli kutubxonasi oldida haykaltaroshlik

Kollejning BLU deb nomlanadigan binolar (Berkeley Ljuda yaxshi Ussher) San'at kutubxonasi majmuasi quyidagilardan iborat Berkli 1956 yilda qurilgan Fellow's Square-dagi kutubxona, Lecky Library, San'at binosiga biriktirilgan va 2003 yilda rasman ochilgan Jeyms Ussher kutubxonasi kollej parkiga qaragan va Glucksman Map kutubxonasi joylashgan. Glucksman kutubxonasida Irlandiyadagi eng yirik kartografik materiallar to'plami bo'lgan yarim million bosma xarita mavjud. Bu 19-asrning boshlarida o'tkazilgan Irlandiyaning birinchi Ordnance Surve's-ni o'z ichiga oladi.

Shuningdek, kutubxonaga quyidagilar kiradi Uilyam Xemilton Ilmiy va muhandislik kutubxonasi va Jon Stearn Seynt Jeyms kasalxonasida joylashgan tibbiy kutubxona.

Biznes maktabi

The Trinity kolleji biznes maktabi binosi bu Trinity Business School uchun 80 million evrolik qurilishdir. Taoiseach tomonidan 2019 yil 23 mayda ochilgan, Leo Varadkar. Oltinchi qavatli bino, kollejning Pearse St tomonida, Naughton instituti yonida qurilgan bo'lib, an Innovatsiya va tadbirkorlik markazi, 600 o'rinli auditoriya, raqamli texnologiyalarga ega "aqlli sinflar" va "ijro etuvchi ta'lim markazi". The nolga yaqin energiya binosi shahar va universitetning asosiy maydonlari o'rtasida bog'lanishni ta'minlaydi.^[46]

Tashkilot

Kollej, rasmiy ravishda kiritilgan kabi Dublin yaqinidagi qirolicha Yelizaveta Muqaddas va Bo'linmagan Uch Birlik kollejining Provosti, a'zolari va olimlari, Provost tomonidan boshqariladi. Patrik Prendergast 2011 yildan beri Provost bo'lib ishlaydi.

Boshqaruv

Sobiq provostning haykali Jorj Salmon (Jon Xyuz tomonidan) va Kampanil, ikkalasi ham parlament maydonida

The korporativ korpus kollej provostdan iborat, o'rtoqlar va olimlar. Kollej, asosan, kollej Konstitutsiyasi bo'lgan nizomlariga muvofiq boshqariladi. Nizom ikki xil bo'lib, unga dastlab faqat Qirollik Xartiyasi yoki Qirollik Xatlari Patenti tomonidan o'zgartirish kiritilishi mumkin bo'lgan, va endi faqat Oireachtas qonuni bilan o'zgartirilishi mumkin va kengash tomonidan o'zgartirilishi mumkin, lekin faqat uning roziligi bilan o'zgartirilishi mumkin. Yigitlar. O'zgarish parlament qonunchiligini talab qilganda, odatiy protsedura shundan iboratki, Kengash Xususiy qonun loyihasiga ariza berish orqali o'zgartirish kiritishni talab qiladi. Buning uchun olimlar bilan bir qatorda olimlar ovoz berib, butun Corporate Corporate roziligi zarur. Parlament qonunchiligini talab qiladigan o'zgarishga misol sifatida Boshqaruv tarkibiga o'zgartirish kiritilishi mumkin. Bu oxirgi marta kollej va universitet boshqaruvi 2000 yilda Oirextalar qonuni bilan qayta ko'rib chiqilgan va qayta ko'rib chiqilganida yuz bergan.

Provost o'n yillik muddatga xizmat qiladi va asosan barcha kunduzgi ilmiy xodimlardan va juda kam sonli talabalardan tashkil topgan saylovchilar tomonidan saylanadi. Dastlab Provost hayot uchun tayinlangan. Dastlab Provost Fellows tomonidan saylangan bo'lsa-da, tez orada tayinlanish kollej va provost idorasining tobora ortib borayotgan obro'li va yaxshi maoshli bo'lishini aks ettiruvchi Crownga aylandi. Biroq, vaqt o'tishi bilan tayinlash faqat kollejning fikri aniqlangandan so'ng amalga oshiriladi, bu asosan kengashning fikrini bildiradi. 1922 yilda Erkin davlat tashkil etilishi bilan tayinlash vakolati Hukumatga o'tdi. Bo'sh ish o'rinlari bo'lganida kollej Hukumatga uchta nomzod ro'yxatini taqdim etadi, ulardan tanlov tanlanadi. Kollejga nomzodlarni imtiyozlar tartibida saralashga ruxsat berildi va amalda har doim eng maqbul nomzod tayinlandi. Hozirda Hukumat tomonidan rasmiy ravishda tayinlangan Provost xodimlar va talabalar vakillari tomonidan saylanadi, ular saylov yig'ilishida yig'ilishadi va nomzod mutlaq ko'pchilik ovozini olguncha to'liq ovoz berish orqali ovoz berishadi; jarayon bir kun davom etadi. Provost kollejdagi hamma boshqalardan ustun turadi, ijroiya direktori va buxgalteriya direktori vazifasini bajaradi va kengash va kengashga raislik qiladi. Provost Dublin universitetida ham alohida maqomga ega.

Stipendiya va olimlar kengash tomonidan saylanadi. Fikslar bir paytlar tanlov sinovlari asosida umrbod saylangan. Yigitlarning soni aniqlandi va bo'sh joyni egallash uchun tanlov hamkasbi vafot etganida yoki iste'foga chiqqanda yuzaga keladi. Dastlab barcha ta'lim Fellows tomonidan olib borilgan. Xozirgi kunda stipendiyalar hozirgi kollej akademiklari orasidan saylanadi, pensiya yoshiga etguncha xizmat qiladi va ularning soniga rasmiy cheklov yo'q. Faqatgina oz sonli akademik xodimlar do'stlardir. Hamjihatlikka saylanish - bu xodimlarning o'z sohalarida yuqori darajadagi ishlarni bajarganliklari va shuning uchun uni olganlar uchun lavozim darajasiga ko'tarilishidir. Hozir hamkasbi bo'lmagan har qanday professor nomzodiga tayinlangan har qanday kishi keyingi imkoniyatga ko'ra hamkasbi etib saylanadi.

Olimlar bakalavriat tashkilotining tanlov imtihonlari asosida tanlanishni davom ettirmoqdalar. Grantlar uchun imtihon endi bir nechta bakalavr kurslariga muvofiq belgilanadi. (Demak, Tarix, yoki matematika yoki muhandislik bo'yicha stipendiya imtihoni mavjud va boshqalar). Grantli imtihon to'rt yillik diplomning ikkinchi yilida qabul qilinadi (garchi, kasallik, boquvchisini yo'qotish yoki chet elda ikkinchi yil tahsil olish kabi maxsus holatlarda, uchinchi yilda imtihon topshirishga ruxsat berilishi mumkin). . Nazariy jihatdan, talaba imtihonni faqat o'zi o'qiyotgan fan emas, balki har qanday fan bo'yicha topshirishi mumkin. Ular "MA maqomiga" ega bo'lgunga qadar, ya'ni bakalavr diplomini olganidan uch yil o'tgach, o'zlarining stipendiyalarini ushlab turadilar. (Demak, ko'pchilik besh yillik muddatga olimdir).

Grantlar kollejda bepul yashash huquqiga ega; aksariyat do'stlar ushbu huquqdan amalda foydalanmaydilar, chunki ularga turar joy berish to'g'risidagi qonuniy talab ofis bilan ta'minlash orqali amalga oshiriladi. Shuningdek, olimlar kollejda bepul yashash huquqiga ega, shuningdek ular nafaqa oladi va kollejda o'qiyotgan kurslari uchun to'lovlarni oladi. Ammo, kollejdagi turar joylarga bosim tufayli, Olimlar endi talaba bo'lishdan to'xtagan taqdirda (ular ilgari bo'lgani kabi) stipendiyalarining butun muddati davomida bepul xonalarga ega bo'lish huquqiga ega emaslar. Stipendiya va olimlar, shuningdek, kuniga bir marta, odatda, kechqurun bepul ovqatlanish huquqiga ega ("Umumiy"). Olimlar, o'qishni tugatgandan so'ng ham, talaba bo'lishdan to'xtagan taqdirda ham, stipendiya muddati davomida bepul ovqatlanish huquqini saqlab qoladilar.

Kengash

Provost, Fellows va Scholar-lardan tashqari, Trinity kollejida umumiy boshqaruvni amalga oshiradigan kengash (1637 yildan tashkil topgan) mavjud. Dastlab Kengash faqat Provost va Katta o'qituvchilardan iborat edi. Yetti nafar katta o'qituvchilar bor edi, ular eng uzoq vaqt xizmat qilgan etti nafar o'rtoq deb ta'riflangan, o'sha paytda do'stlik umr bo'yi, agar iste'foga chiqmasa. Bir necha yillar davomida vakillik elementi qo'shildi, masalan, kichik stipendiya a'zolari va o'qituvchi bo'lmagan professorlarning saylangan vakillari tomonidan, Irlandiya mustaqilligi oldidagi so'nggi tahrir bilan. Royal Letters Patent 1911 yilda. O'sha paytda katta o'qituvchilar bilan bir qatorda, professorlarning ikkala saylangan vakili ham bo'lmagan va kichik stipendiya vakillari ham bo'lgan. O'tgan yillar davomida, rasmiy qayta ko'rib chiqish amalga oshirilmagan bo'lsa-da, qisman jarayonning murakkabligi sababli, Kengash tarkibiga bir qator qo'shimcha vakillar qo'shildi, ammo ular "kuzatuvchi" bo'lib, to'liq ovoz beradigan a'zolar sifatida qo'shilmadi. Ular tarkibiga talabalar bo'lmagan akademik xodimlar vakillari va talabalar vakillari kirdi. Amalda, Kengash majlislarida qatnashganlarning barchasi teng bo'lib ko'rildi, umumiy bo'lmagan bo'lsa ham ovozlar qo'llar bilan namoyish etildi. Ammo qonuniy ravishda faqat Kengashning to'liq a'zolari o'z ovozlarini yozib olishlari mumkin edi va bu shunchaki konventsiya bo'lib, ular doimo qo'llar bilan qabul qilingan qarorni tasdiqlashdi.

Uchlik kollejining boshqaruvi 2000 yilda rasmiy ravishda o'zgartirildi Oireachtas, kollej kengashi tomonidan tavsiya etilgan va Organik Korporativ tomonidan tasdiqlangan qonunchilikda Trinity kolleji, Dublin (Nizom va maktublarga patentni o'zgartirish), 2000 yil. Bu 1997 yilgi Universitetlar to'g'risidagi qonundan alohida kiritilgan. Kengash tarkibiga quyidagilar kiradi:

• Provost, vitse-provayder / bosh ilmiy xodim, katta o'qituvchi, registrator va Bursar;
• Oltita do'st;
• Ilmiy xodimlarning beshta a'zosi, ular kamida uch nafari katta o'qituvchidan yuqori bo'lmagan darajaga ega bo'lishi kerak;
• Professor unvoniga ega ilmiy xodimlarning ikki a'zosi;
• Akademik bo'lmagan xodimlarning uch a'zosi;
• Kollejning to'rt nafar talabasi, ulardan kamida bittasi aspirant bo'lishi kerak;
• Kollejning xodimi yoki talabasi emas, balki bitta a'zosi, "Kengash ma'qul deb biladigan biznes yoki professional manfaatlar vakili" tashkilotlar tomonidan taqdim etilgan nominatsiyalardan Boshqaruv qo'mitasi tomonidan tanlanadi;
• Tomonidan tayinlangan bitta a'zo Ta'lim va mahorat vaziri Provost bilan maslahatlashgandan so'ng.

Xodimlar, boshqa ilmiy xodimlar va akademik bo'lmagan xodimlar belgilangan muddatga xizmat qilish uchun saylanadilar. To'rt talaba a'zolari talabalar uyushmasining prezidenti, ta'lim bo'yicha mutasaddisi va moddiy ta'minot bo'yicha mutasaddisi va aspirantlar birlashmasi prezidentidir (barchasi rasmiy) va har yili bir yillik muddatga saylanadi. Vitse-provost / bosh ilmiy xodim, katta o'qituvchi, registrator va bursar Provost tomonidan bir yillik (yangilanadigan) muddatlarga tayinlanadigan "yillik ofitserlar" dir. Ikki muhim o'zgarishlar shundan iboratki, katta o'qituvchilar endi Kengash tarkibida yo'q va Kengashning ikkita a'zosi endi kollejsiz jalb qilinadi.

Kengash

Akademik masalalarni nazorat qiladigan Kengash (1874 yildan boshlab) mavjud. Kengashning barcha qarorlari Kengash tomonidan tasdiqlanishi kerak, ammo agar ko'rib chiqilayotgan qaror yangi xarajatlarni talab qilmasa, tasdiqlash odatda rasmiy, munozarasiz. Kengash boshidan saylangan vakillarning ko'p soniga ega edi, shuningdek, o'sha paytda faqat Provost va ettita katta o'qituvchilardan iborat bo'lgan Kengashdan kattaroq edi. Kengash akademik kadrlarni tayinlashni har doim amalda tayinlash guruhlari tavsiyasi bilan amalga oshiradigan, lekin o'zlari Kengash tomonidan tayinlanadigan rasmiy organdir. Kengash va Kengash o'rtasidagi munosabatlarning illyustratsiyasi - bu erda yangi professorlar kafedrasini yaratish to'g'risida qaror qabul qilingan. Bu ish haqini to'lashni o'z ichiga olganligi sababli, raisni tuzish to'g'risida dastlabki qaror Kengash tomonidan qabul qilinadi, ammo ish haqi bo'yicha qaror qabul qilish kengash tomonidan qabul qilinadi, natijada Kengash qarorini bekor qilishi yoki bekor qilishi mumkin. xarajat.

Senat

Dublin universiteti modellashtirilgan Oksford universiteti va Kembrij universiteti shaklida a kollej universiteti, Trinity kolleji Qirolicha tomonidan nomlangan mater universitatis ("universitetning onasi"). Hech qachon boshqa kollej tashkil etilmaganligi sababli, kollej universitetning yagona tashkil etuvchi kolleji hisoblanadi, shuning uchun Trinity kolleji va Dublin universiteti eng amaliy maqsadlar uchun sinonimdir. Biroq, universitet va kollejning haqiqiy nizomlari^[47] mulkka egalik qilish, pul qarz olish va xodimlarni ish bilan ta'minlash uchun universitetga alohida korporativ qonuniy huquqlarni berish. Bundan tashqari, kollej kengashi universitet va kollej nizomlariga o'zgartirishlar kiritish bo'yicha yagona vakolatga ega bo'lsa, universitet nizomiga o'zgartirishlar kiritish uchun universitet Senatining roziligi kerak. Binobarin, nazariy jihatdan Senat Kengashni bekor qilishi mumkin, ammo juda cheklangan va alohida sharoitlarda. Shu bilan birga, universitet Trinity kolleji kengashining tashabbusidan mustaqil ravishda harakat qila olmaydi. Ikki organ qachon hamkorlik qilishi kerakligi haqidagi eng keng tarqalgan misol - bu yangi darajani belgilash to'g'risida qaror qabul qilinganda. O'quv rejasi, imtihon va o'qitish bilan bog'liq barcha masalalarni kollej belgilashi kerak, ammo daraja berish uchun haqiqiy rasmiylashtirish universitetning ishi. Xuddi shu tarzda, shaxsga faxriy daraja berilganda, mukofotga taklif Trinity kolleji kengashi tomonidan amalga oshiriladi, ammo bu Dublin universiteti senatining ovozi bilan kelishilgan holda amalga oshiriladi. Hech bo'lmaganda magistr darajasiga ega bo'lgan barcha universitet bitiruvchilari Senat a'zosi bo'lish huquqiga ega, ammo amalda ularning atigi bir necha yuztasi, ularning katta qismi Trinity kolleji xodimlarining hozirgi a'zolari.

Mehmonlar

Kollejda, shuningdek, ikkita tashrif buyuruvchilarning nazorat tuzilmasi mavjud, u Senat tomonidan saylanadigan universitet kantsleri va Irlandiya hukumati tomonidan universitet senati tomonidan taqdim etilgan ikkita ism ro'yxatidan tayinlanadigan sud kansleri. Hozirgi sud mehmoni Hon. Doktor Adliya Maureen Harding Klark. Ikki mehmon o'rtasida kelishmovchiliklar yuzaga kelgan taqdirda, kantslerning fikri ustunlik qiladi. The visitors act as a final "court of appeal" within the college, with their modes of appointment giving them the needed independence from the college administration.

Akademik birlashmalar

Parliament Square: The Kampanil

Trinity College is a birodar kollej ga Oriel kolleji ning Oksford universiteti va Sent-Jon kolleji ning Kembrij universiteti.^[17][18]

Two teaching hospitals are associated with the college:

• Tallaght universiteti kasalxonasi
• Sent-Jeyms kasalxonasi

A number of teaching institutions are involved in jointly taught courses:

• Dublin Texnologiya Instituti
• Kolaysta Mxayr, Marino
• Irlandiya cherkovi ta'lim kolleji, Ratminalar
• Irlandiya cherkovi dinshunoslik instituti, Braemor Park
• Froebel nomidagi ta'lim kolleji, Blackrock

The School of Business in association with the Irlandiya menejment instituti forms the Trinity-IMI Graduate School of Management, incorporating the faculties of both organisations. Trinity College has also been associated in the past with a number of other teaching institutions. Bunga quyidagilar kiradi St Catherine's College of Education for Home Economics (hozir yopiq), Magee kolleji va Irlandiya Qirollik musiqa akademiyasi, which is a music conservatoire, as well as The Lir National Academy of Dramatic Art, which is the national conservatoire for theatre training actors, technicians, playwrights and designers to a professional and industry standard – the Lir is also advised by the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in the UK.

Parlament vakolatxonasi

The university has been linked to parliamentary representation since 1613, when Jeyms I granted it the right to elect two members of parliament (MPs) to the Irlandiya jamoatlar palatasi. Yangi yildan beri Irlandiya konstitutsiyasi in 1937, graduates of the university have formed a constituency which elects three Senatorlar ga Shonad Éireann. The current representatives of the university constituency are Ivana Bacik, Devid Norris va Lin Ruan. Notable representatives have included Edvard Gibson, W. E. H. Lecky, Edvard Karson, Noel Braun, Conor Cruise O'Brien va Meri Robinson. The franchise was originally restricted to the Provost, Fellows and Scholars of Trinity College. This was expanded in 1832 to include those who had received an M.A. and in 1918 all those who had received a degree from the university.

Akademik profil

Since considerable academic restructuring in 2008, the college has three academic faculties:

• San'at, gumanitar va ijtimoiy fanlar
• Engineering, Mathematics and Sciences
• Sog'liqni saqlash fanlari

Each faculty is headed by a dean (there is also a Dean of Postgraduate Studies), and faculties are divided into schools, of which there were 24 as of 2012.^[48]

Second-level programmes

Since 2014, Trinity College's Science Department has established and operated a scheme for second-level students to study science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The system, similar to DCU's CTYI programme, encourages academically gifted secondary students with a high aptitude for the STEM subjects, was named the Walton Club^[49] sharafiga Ernest Uolton, Ireland's first and only Nobel laureate for Physics. The programme was centred upon a pedagogik principle of "developing capacity for learning autonomy".^[50] The educators in the programme are PhD students in the college, and they impart an advanced, undergraduate-level curriculum onto the students. The club was set up with a specific ethos around the mentoring of STEM subjects, and not as a grinds school.^[51][52] The scheme, now in its third year, has been immensely successful and has undergone growth in scope and scale year on year. It has also diversified beyond its traditional weekly club structure, running camps during school holidays to offer an opportunity to study STEM to those unable to join the club.^[53] It has also represented the college in many activities, meeting Kris Xadfild va qatnashish Yosh olim va texnologiyalar ko'rgazmasi va Veb-sammit. Students, or alfalar as they are dubbed in honour of the eponymous physicist, develop projects in the Club, with innovations pioneered there including a health-focused elektroansefalogramma.^[51] The club was founded by Professors Igor Shvets and Arlene O'Neill of the School of Fizika Trinity kollejida.^[52]

Bakalavriat

Most undergraduate courses require four years of study. First-year students at the undergraduate level are called Junior Freshmen; second years, Senior Freshmen; third years, Junior Sophisters; and fourth years, Senior Sophisters. After a proposal in 2017 by the SU Equality Committee, a three-year process changing the titles of first and second years to Junior and Senior Fresh was approved by the Trinity College Board.^[54] The Freshman Years usually have a set or minimally flexible basic curriculum with the Sophister years allowing for a much greater degree of course variation, as well as taking a year abroad. The passing of two sets of examinations is a prerequisite for a degree. Junior and Senior Freshmen sit preliminary annual exams in Trinity Term of each year which must be passed so that they "rise" to the year above. At the end of the Junior Sophister year, undergraduates sit Part I of the Moderatorship exams, subject to attaining an upper-second,^{[iqtibos kerak ]} allows them to take an Honours degree and sit the Part II (Final) of the Moderatorship exams. Successful candidates receive first-, upper or lower second-, or third-class honours, or simply a "pass" without honours if they perform insufficiently in Part I of the Moderatorship.

Most non-professional courses take a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree. As a matter of tradition, bachelor's degree graduates are eligible, after seven years from matriculation and without additional study, to purchase for a fee an upgrade of their bachelor's degree to a San'at magistri.

Degree titles vary according to the subject of study. The Huquq fakulteti mukofotlaydi LL.B., the LL.B. (ling. franc.) and the LL.B. (ling. germ.). Other degrees include the BAI (engineering) and BBS (business studies). The BSc degree is not in wide use although it is awarded by the School of Nursing and Midwifery; most science and computer science students are awarded a BA.

From 2018, Trinity will be offering dual BA programme with Columbia University in New York City. Students of History, English, European Studies or Middle Eastern and European Languages and Culture spend their first two years at Trinity and their last two years at Columbia.^[55]

Bitirmoq

At postgraduate level, Trinity offers a range of taught and research degrees in all faculties. About 29% of students are post-graduate level, with 1,440 students reading for a research degree and an additional 3,260 on taught courses (see Tadqiqot va innovatsiyalar ).^[7][8][56]

Trinity College's Strategic Plan sets "the objective of doubling the number of PhDs across all disciplines by 2013 in order to move towards a knowledge society. In order to achieve this, the college has received some of the largest allocations of Irish Government funding which have become competitively available to date."^[57]

Ga qo'shimcha sifatida ilmiy darajalar, the college offers Oliy o'quv yurtidan keyingi diplom (non-degree) qualifications, either directly, or through associated institutions.

O'quv yili

The academic year is divided into three shartlar. Michaelmas muddati lasts from October to December; Hillari atamasi from January to March; va Uchlik muddati from April to June, with each term separated by a vacation. Whilst teaching takes place across all three terms in postgraduate courses, for undergraduate programmes, teaching is condensed within the first two terms since 2009, with each term consisting of a twelve-week period of teaching known as the Teaching Term. These are followed by three revision weeks and a four-week exam period during the Trinity Term.^[58]

Internally at least, the weeks in the term are often referred to by the time elapsed since the start of teaching Term: thus the first week is called "1st week" or "week 1" and the last is "Week 12"/"12th week".

The first week of Trinity Term (which marks conclusion of lecturing for that year) is known as Trinity Week; normally preceded by a string of balls, it consists of a week of sporting and academic events. This includes the Trinity Ball and the Trinity Regatta (a premier social event on the Irish rowing calendar held since 1898),^[59] the election of Scholars and Fellows and a college banquet.

Qabul qilish

The Markaziy dasturlar idorasi processes applications from Irish, British and European Union applicants for undergraduate courses on behalf of Trinity College. Decisions on admissions to undergraduate courses are made by Trinity College who instruct the CAO to make offers to successful candidates. Admission to the university is highly competitive and based exclusively on academic merit.^[60] In order to be considered for admission, all applicants must first reach the university's minimum matriculation requirements, which typically involves holding sufficient recognised malaka in English, Mathematics and a second language, however, the Mathematics requirement can be waived if Latin is presented as a second language. Furthermore, applicants for certain courses may be required to achieve more specific qualifications than those prescribed for minimum matriculation requirements.^[61] Eligible applicants must then compete for places based on the results of their school leaving examinations, however, applicants can additionally take matritsiya tekshiruvlari^[62] which are held in the university in April, in which each subject is considered equivalent to that of the Irlandiyani tark etish guvohnomasi. Applications for restricted courses^[63] require further assessment considered in the admissions process, such as the Sog'liqni saqlash kasblari uchun qabul testi (HPAT) for medicine or entrance tests for music and drama courses. As applications for most courses far exceeds available places, admission is highly selective, demanding excellent grades in the aforementioned examinations. Orqali CAO, candidates may list several courses at Trinity College and at other third-level institutions in Ireland in order of preference. Places are awarded in mid-August every year by the CAO after matching the number of places available to the academic attainments of the applicants. Qualifications are measured as "points", with specific scales for the Leaving Certificate, UK GCE A daraja, Xalqaro bakalavr and all other European Union school-leaving examinations.^[64]

For applicants who are not citizens or residents of the Yevropa Ittifoqi, different application procedures apply.;^[65] 16% of students are from outside Ireland, and 40% of these are from outside the European Union.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Disadvantaged, disabled, or mature students can also be admitted through a program that is separate from the CAO, the Trinity Access Programme,^[66] which aims to facilitate the entry of sectors of society which would otherwise be under-represented. The numbers admitted on this program are significant relative to other universities, up to 15% of the annual undergraduate intake.

Admission to graduate study is handled directly by Trinity College.

Mukofotlar

Entrance Exhibition and sizarship

Students who enter with exceptional Sertifikatni tark etish or other public examination results are awarded an Entrance Exhibition. This entails a prize in the form of book tokens to the value of €150.00.^[67] Exhibitioners who are of limited means are made Sizars, entitled to Commons (evening meal) free of charge.

Jamg'arma stipendiyasi

Announcement of Fellow and Scholars at Trinity College Dublin on Trinity Monday 2013

Undergraduate students of Senior Freshmen standing may elect to sit the Foundation Scholarship examination, which takes place in the Christmas Vacation, on the last week before Hilary term. On Trinity Monday (the first day of Trinity Term), the Board of the college sits and elects to the Scholarship all those who achieve First in the examination. Election to become a scholar of Trinity Dublin is widely regarded as “the most prestigious undergraduate award in the country”.^[68] Those from EU member countries are entitled to free rooms and Commons (the college's Rasmiy Hall), an annual stipend and exemption from fees for the duration of their scholarship, which lasts for fifteen terms. Scholars from non-EU member countries have their fees reduced by the current value of EU member fees. Scholars may add the suffix "SCH." to their names, have the note "discip. schol." appended to their name at Commencements and are entitled to wear Bachelor's Robes and a velvet mortarboard.

Competition for Scholarship involves a searching examination and successful candidates must be of exceptional ability. The concept of scholarship is a valued tradition of the college, and many of the college's most distinguished members were elected scholars (including Samuel Beckett and Ernest Walton). The Scholars' dinner, to which 'Scholars of the decade' (those elected in the current year, and every year multiple of a decade previous to it, e.g., 2013, 2003,..) are invited, forms one of the major events in Trinity's calendar. A scholarship at Trinity College is a prestigious undergraduate award; a principal aim of the college is the pursuit of excellence, and one of the most tangible demonstrations of this is the institution of scholarship.

Under the Foundation Charter (of 1592), Scholars were part of the body corporate (three Scholars were named in the charter "in the name of many"). Until 1609 there were about 51 Scholars at any one time. A figure of seventy was permanently fixed in the revising Letters Patent of Charles I in 1637. Trinity Monday was appointed as the day when all future elections to Fellowship and Scholarship would be announced (at this time Trinity Monday was always celebrated on the Monday after the feast of the Muqaddas Uch Birlik ). Up to this point, all undergraduates were Scholars, but soon after 1637 the practice of admitting students other than Scholars commenced.

Until 1856, only the classical subjects were examined. The questions concerned all the classical authors prescribed for the entrance examination and for the undergraduate course up to the middle of the Junior Sophister year. So candidates had no new material to read, 'but they had to submit to a very searching examination on the fairly lengthy list of classical texts which they were supposed by this time to have mastered'. The close link with the undergraduate syllabus is underlined by the refusal until 1856 to admit Scholars to the Library (a request for admission was rejected by the Board in 1842 on the grounds that Scholars should stick to their prescribed books and not indulge in 'those desultory habits' that admission to an extensive library would encourage). During the second half of the nineteenth century, the content of the examination gradually came to include other disciplines.

Around the turn of the 20th century, "Non-Foundation" Scholarships were introduced. This initially was a device to permit women to be, in effect, elected Scholars, despite the then commonly accepted legal view that the statute revision of 1637 only permitted males to be elected Foundation Scholars. Clearly, when women were not permitted in the college, this had not caused any difficulties, but with the admission of women as full members of the college, an anomaly was created. Non-Foundation Scholarship granted to the women elected to it all the rights of men, but with the exception of voting rights at a meeting of the Body Corporate, a very rare event in any case. As women are now admitted to Foundation Scholarship on exactly the same basis as men Non-Foundation Scholarships are retained as a device to allow for more than seventy persons to be Scholars at any one time provided sufficient meet the qualifying standards. Foundation Scholarships are given to those whose performance is considered particularly exceptional, with the remaining qualifying persons that year being elected as Non-Foundation Scholars. While the number of Foundation Scholars remains fixed at seventy, there is, in theory, no limit on the number of Non-Foundation scholars. Non-Foundation and Foundation Scholars receive the same benefits and therefore the two groups are regarded in equal esteem and usually refer to themselves collectively as the Scholars of Trinity College Dublin.^[69] It is worth noting that when the college had only a few hundred members the Foundation Scholars could easily amount to ten per cent of the whole undergraduate body; now that the college numbers members in thousands even the addition of current numbers of Non Foundation Scholars means that the proportion of students elected Scholars is still lower than it has even been before, and being elected to Scholarship is more competitive than it was.

Tadqiqot

Trinity College is the most productive internationally recognised research centre in Ireland.^[70] The university operates an Innovation Centre which fosters academic innovation and consultancy, provides patenting advice and research information and facilitates the establishment and operation of industrial laboratories and campus companies.

In 1999, the university purchased an Enterprise Centre on Pearse Street, seven minutes' walk from the on-site "Innovation Centre". The site has over 19,000 m² (200,000 ft²) of built space and contains a protected building, the Tower, which houses a Craft Centre. The Trinity Enterprise Centre houses companies drawn from the university research sector in Dublin.

Reytinglar

• Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2020

164-chi globally, 76-chi Evropada, 1-chi Irlandiyada^[75]

• QS World University Rankings 2020

101-chi globally, 37-chi Evropada, 1-chi Irlandiyada^[76]

• Faculty Ranking: Arts and Humanities, 2019-2020

101-125 range THE ranking,^[77] 50-chi QS reytingi^[78]

In response to a long-term decline in rankings (from 43rd according to the last combined THE/QS ranking in 2009^[79] to 88th in QS^[80] and 117th in THE for 2018) Trinity announced a plan in 2014 to reverse the trend, aiming to re-enter the top 50 bracket.^[81] The dentistry program offered by the Dublin stomatologiya universiteti kasalxonasi is ranked 51–75 in the world.^[82]

QS-THE rankings^[83]

Yil	Rank (Change)
2004	87
2005	111 ( 24)
2006	78 ( 33)
2007	53 ( 25)
2008	49 ( 4)
2009	43 ( 6)

THE rankings^[84]

Yil	Rank (Change)
2010	77 ( 34)
2011	76 ( 1)
2012	117 ( 41)
2013	110 ( 7)
2014	129 ( 19)
2015	138 ( 9)
2016	101 ( 37)
2017	131 ( 30)
2018	117 ( 14)
2019	120 ( 3)
2020	164 ( 44)

Talabalik hayoti

Jamiyatlar

Trinity College has a student life with 124 societies (in 2018). Student societies operate under the aegis of the Dublin University Central Societies Committee (CSC) which is composed of the Treasurers of each of the Societies within the college. Society size varies enormously, and it is often hard to determine exact figures for most societies – several claiming to be the largest in the college with thousands of members, while smaller groups may have only 40–50 members.

Da joylashgan Bitiruvchilar yodgorlik binosi (GMB) are the two debating societies: Universitet falsafiy jamiyati (the Phil) and the Kollej tarixiy jamiyati (the Hist). The Phil meets each Thursday evening in the kamera of the GMB, while the Hist meets each Wednesday evening. Both the Phil and the Hist make claims to be the oldest such talabalar jamiyati: the Phil claims to have been founded in 1683, although university records list its foundation as having occurred in 1853,^[85] while the Hist was founded in 1770 (which it makes it the oldest society in College according to the Calendar).^[85] Orasida Faxriy homiylar of the Phil are multiple Nobel mukofoti laureates, Heads of State, notable actors, entertainers and well-known intellectuals, such as Al Pacino, Desmond Tutu, Sir Christopher Lee, Stiven Fray va professor Jon Mersxaymer. The Hist has been addressed by many notable orators including Uinston Cherchill va Ted Kennedi, and counts among its former members many prominent men and women in Ireland's history.

Other societies include Vinsent de Pol jamiyati (VDP), which organises a large number of charitable activities in the local community; DU Players, one of the most prolific student-drama societies in Europe which hosts more than 50 shows and events a year in the Samuel Beket Teatr; The DU Film Society (Formerly DU Filmmakers, formerly the DU "Videographic Society", founded in 1987) which organises filmmakers and film-lovers in college through workshops, screenings, production funding, etc.; the DU Radio Society, known as Trinity FM, broadcasts a variety of student made productions on a special events licence on FM frequency 107.8FM for six weeks a year; The Trinity LGBT society, which is the oldest LGBT society in Ireland and celebrated its 25th anniversary in the 2007/2008 year; The Card and Bridge Society also holds weekly poker and bridge tournaments and was the starting point to many notable alum including Endi Blek, Padraig Parkinson va Donnacha O'Dea; the Dublin University Comedy Society, known as DU Comedy, hosts comedy events for its members and has hosted gigs in college from comedians such as Endryu Maksvell, Devid O'Doherty, Nil Delamere va Kolin Merfi; The Dance Society, known as "dudance", provides classes in Latin and ballroom dancing, as well as running events around other dance styles such as swing dancing.^[86] 2011 yilda Laurentian jamiyati qayta tiklandi. This society had played a key role as a society for the few Catholic students who studied at Trinity while "the Ban" was still in force.^[87] The Trinity Fashion Society was established in 2009, since then it holds an annual charity fashion show and hosts an international trip to London Fashion Week.^[88]

Klublar

There is a sporting tradition at Trinity and the college has 50 sports clubs affiliated to the Dublin University Central Athletic Club (DUCAC).^[89]

Kollej parki, Trinity College

The Central Athletic Club is made up of five committees that oversee the development of sport in the college: the Executive Committee which is responsible overall for all activities, the Captains' Committee which represents the 49 club captains and awards University Colours (Pinks), the Pavilion Bar Committee which runs the private members' bar, the Pavilion Members' Committee and the Sports Facilities Committee.

The oldest clubs include the Dublin universiteti kriket klubi (1835),^[90] The Dublin universiteti qayiq klubi (1836)^[91] va Dublin Universitetining miltiq klubi (1840).^[92] Dublin universiteti futbol klubi, founded in 1854, plays regbi ittifoqi va world's oldest documented "football club". Dublin universiteti A.F.C., founded in 1883, is the oldest surviving futbol assotsiatsiyasi klubi Irlandiya Respublikasi.^{[93][94][95][96]} The Dublin University Hockey Club was founded in 1893,^[97] and the Dublin University Harriers and Athletic Club in 1885.^[98]

A winter scene in College Park

The newest club in the university is the Amerika futboli team, who were accepted into the Irlandiya Amerika futbol ligasi (IAFL) in 2008. Initially known as the Trinity Thunderbolts, the club now competes under the name "Trinity kolleji ". The most successful Trinity College sports club – based on Intervarsities victories – is Dublin universiteti qilichbozlik klubi (DU Fencing Club). A total of forty-one Intervarsity titles have been won by the club in sixty-four years of competition. While the modern DU Fencing Club was founded in 1936, its origins can be dated to the 1700s when a 'Gentleman's Club of the Sword' existed, primarily for duelling practice.^[99] There are several graduate sport clubs that exist separate to the Central Athletic Club including the Dublin University Museum Players (cricket), the Lady Elizabeth Boat Club (rowing) and the Mary Lyons Memorial Mallets (croquet).^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

Nashrlar

Trinity College has a tradition of student publications, ranging from the serious to the satirical. Most student publications are administered by Trinity Publications, previously called the Dublin University Publications Committee (often known as 'Pubs'), which maintains and administers the Publications office (located in No 6) and all the associated equipment needed to publish newspapers and magazines.

There are two student newspapers in Trinity. Uchlik yangiliklari, is Ireland's oldest student newspaper, having been founded in 1953. It publishes both an online edition and a print edition every three weeks during the academic year. For the last 10 years the paper has been edited by a full-time student editor, who takes a sabbatical year from their studies, supported by a voluntary part-time staff of 30 student section editors and writers. Trinity kolleji Dublin talabalar uyushmasi mablag'lar University Times, which was founded in 2009. It is editorially independent from the Students' Union and like Trinity News, the editor takes a sabbatical year.

Student magazines currently in publication include the satirical newspaper Piranha^[100] (avval Piranha! magazine but rebranded in 2009), the generalist T.C.D. Turli xil (founded in 1895; one of Ireland's oldest magazines), the film journal Trinity Film Review (TFR) and the literary Ikar. Boshqa nashrlarga quyidagilar kiradi Student Economic Review va Trinity College Law Review, produced independently by students of economics and law respectively, the Trinity College Journal of Postgraduate Research, produced by the Graduate Students Union, the Social and Political Review (SPR),^[101] now in its 31st year, the Trinity Student Medical Journal,^[102] Attika, student writing produced by the Dublin University Literary Society, Afro-Caribbean Journal tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan Afro-Caribbean Society, va o't an intermedial magazine based on collaboration between media. Some older titles currently not in publication include Transitda, Central Review, Harlot, Uyg'otva Muqobil. More recent publications include the reactionary magazine The Burkean Journal;^[103] a politically and culturally conservative magazine named after one of Trinity's most notable alumni, Edmund Burke.

The Trinity Ball

Trinity College Commencements

The Trinity Ball is an annual event that draws 7,000 attendants.^[104] Until 2010, it was held annually on the last teaching day of Trinity term to celebrate the end of lectures and the beginning of Trinity Week. Due to a restructuring of the teaching terms of the college the 2010 Ball was held on the last day of Trinity Week. In 2011, the ball was held on the final day of teaching of Hillari muddati, before the commencement of Trinity Week. The Ball is run by Trinity Ents, Trinity Students' Union and Trinity's Central Societies Committee in conjunction with event promoters MCD Productions, who held the contract to run the Ball until 2012.^[105] The Ball celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2009.^[106]

Talabalar uyushmasi

Talabalar uyushmasining asosiy vazifasi magistrantlar va universitet va kollej ma'murlari o'rtasida taniqli vakillik kanalini taqdim etishdir. The Campaigns Executive, the Administrative Executive and Sabbatical Officers manage the business and affairs of the Union. The Sabbatical Officers are: The President, Communications Officer, Welfare Officer, Education Officer and Entertainments Officer and are elected on an annual basis; all capitated students are entitled to vote. The SU President, Welfare Officer and Education Officer are ex-officio members of the College Board.

The Graduate Students' Union's primary role is to provide a recognised representative channel between postgraduates and the university and college authorities.^[107] The GSU president is an ex-officio member of the College Board.

The Graduate Students' Union publish the annual "Journal of Postgraduate Research".

An'analar va madaniyat

Umumiy

Commons is a three course meal served in the College Dining Hall Monday to Friday, attended by Scholars and Fellows and Sizars of the college, as well as other members of the college community and their guests.

Commons starts at 18:15 during the week, and its start is signalled by a dramatic slamming of the Dining Hall doors. The bell of the Campanile in the college is rung at 18:00 to inform those attending the dinner.

A Latin Grace is said "before and after dinner", read by one of the scholars.

During Advent, members of the Chapel xori sing Christmas Carols to accompany the meals.

Trinity Week

Each year, Trinity Week is celebrated in mid-April on Trinity Monday and on the afternoon of Trinity Wednesday no lectures or demonstrations are held. College races are held each year on Trinity Wednesday.

The start of Trinity Week is marked by the election of Fellows and Scholars to the College on Trinity Monday. The board of the college, having chosen the new Scholars (those who achieved a First in the Foundation Scholarship) and Fellows,^[108] announce in front square those appointed, before an ecumenical service is held in the College Chapel, with music sung by the Chapel xori.

Boshqa urf-odatlar

There is a long-standing rivalry with nearby Dublin universiteti kolleji, which is largely friendly in nature. Every year, Colours events are contested between the sporting clubs of each University.

Most students of the college (undergraduates especially) never walk underneath the Kampanil, as the tradition suggests that should the bell ring whilst they pass under it, they will fail their annual examinations. This is negated only if they touch the foot of the statue of George Salmon within five seconds of the bell ringing.

Ommaviy madaniyatda

Yilda Jeyms Plunkett "s Farewell Companions, one of the characters claims to have been "through Trinity", having entered at College Green and left at the Nassau Street Gate.

Ning qismlari Maykl Kollinz,^[109] Birinchi buyuk poyezdlarni talon-taroj qilish,^[110] Do'stlar doirasi,^[111] Ritani o'qitish,^[112] Ek Tha Tiger^[113] va Kraker boyligining bronxda amakivachchasi bor^[114] were filmed in Trinity College. It served as the filming location for Luftwaffe shtab-kvartirasi Moviy Maks.

Irlandiyalik yozuvchi J. P. Donleavi was a student in Trinity. A number of his books feature characters who attend Trinity, including Zanjabil odam va The Beastly Beatitudes of Balthazar B. H. A. Hinkson has written two books about Trinity, Student Life in T.C.D. va xayoliy O'Grady of Trinity – A Story of Irish University Life.

Fictional Naval Surgeon Stiven Maturin ning Patrik O'Brian mashhur Obri-Maturin seriyasi is a graduate of Trinity College.

In the Channel 4 television series Xollyoaks, Kreyg Din attends Trinity College. He left Hollyoaks to study in Ireland in 2007 and now lives there with his boyfriend, Jon Pol McQueen, after they got their sunset ending in September 2008.

All Names Have Been Changed, tomonidan yozilgan roman Kler Kilroy, is set in Trinity College in the 1990s. The story follows a group of creative writing students and their enigmatic professor. A photograph of Trinity is used in the cover art.^[115]

The First Verse tomonidan Barri Makkrea is another novel with Trinity College as its setting. The narrative focuses on freshman Niall Lenihan's search for identity and companionship, along with detailing his involvement with mysticism at the college.^[116]

Yilda Karen Mari Moning "s The Fever Series Trinity College is said to be where the main character, MacKayla Lane's sister Alina was attending school on scholarship before she was murdered. The college is also where several of the minor characters who inform Ms. Lane about her sister are said to work.

Romanda Xotiralar uchun tashakkur, written by Irish author Cecelia Ahern, Justin Hitchcock is a guest lecturer at Trinity College.^[117]

Yilda Kartalar uyi the journalist Roger O'Neill, played by Maylz Anderson, is wearing a post graduate tie of Trinity College in one scene.

Ommabop Oskar Uayldning yodgorlik haykali Dublinda Merrion maydoni depicts the poet wearing the Trinity College post graduate tie.

Yilda Sally Rooney 's 2018 bestselling novel Oddiy odamlar, both the main characters, Connell and Marianne, are students at Trinity College.^[118] Sally Rooney herself studied English as a scholar in Trinity. Connell Waldron is played by former Trinity College (Lir akademiyasi ) student Pol Meskal. Series director and executive producer Lenni Abrahamson studied philosophy at Trinity and was also elected a scholar.

Taniqli odamlar

Amongst the past students/graduates (and some staff) are included notable people such as:

Others include four previous holders of the office of Irlandiya prezidenti, Duglas Xayd, Éamon de Valera, Meri Robinson va Meri Makalez, and two holders of the office of Taoiseach, Éamon de Valera va Leo Varadkar. (Éamon de Valera matriculated as "Edward de Valera")

Shuningdek qarang

Izohlar

Adabiyotlar

Qo'shimcha o'qish

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Tashqi havolalar