Men oroli TT - Isle of Man TT
 | |
|---|---|
| Man orolining sayyohlik kubogi | |
| Mintaqa | Men oroli |
| Kurs | Man oroli TT tog 'davri |
| Turi | Umumiy yo'l kursi |
| Kurs xodimi | Gari Tompson MBE BEM |
| Tadbir tashkilotchisi | ACU Events Ltd |
| Asosiy homiy | Men orolining Iqtisodiy rivojlanish departamenti |
| Tarix | |
| Birinchi musobaqa | 1907 |
| Musobaqa uchrashuvlari soni | 100 (2019 yilgacha) |
| Birinchi g'olib | C. R. Kollier (1907) |
| Ko'pchilik g'alaba qozonadi | Joey Dunlop 26 (1977–2000) |
| Lap yozuv | Piter Hikman 16m 42.778s - 135.452 milya (217.989 km / soat) (2018)[1] |
The Men oroli TT yoki Sayyohlik kubogi irqlar yillik hisoblanadi mototsikl sporti voqea Men oroli yilda tashkil etilganidan beri ko'p yillarning may / iyun oylarida 1907. Ushbu tadbir ko'pincha eng xavfli poyga tadbirlaridan biri deb nomlanadi dunyo.[2]
Umumiy nuqtai
Man oroli TT a da ishlaydi vaqt sinovi tomonidan yopilgan jamoat yo'llaridagi format Tynvald akti (Men orolining parlamenti). Tadbir bir haftalik mashg'ulotlardan so'ng bir haftalik poyga musobaqalaridan iborat. Bu 20-yillarning boshlarida raqobatdosh raqobatchilar tomonidan boshlangan, bu tomoshabinlar uchun tomosha qilish uchun an'anaga aylangan Snaefell tog 'kursi Men orolidagi TT mototsikllarida "Mad Sunday",[3] yakshanba kuni o'tkazilgan norasmiy va norasmiy sanktsiyalangan tadbir[4] "Amaliyot haftasi" va "Poyga haftasi" o'rtasida.
Men orolining birinchi TT poygasi 1907 yil 28-may, seshanba kuni bo'lib o'tdi va Xalqaro deb nomlandi Avtomatik tsikl Sayyohlik kubogi.[5] Ushbu tadbir Auto-Cycle Club tomonidan Mens orolining 10 turidan ko'proq tashkil etildi Sent-Jonning qisqa kursi Egzoz susturuculari, egarlari, pedallari va loy qorovullari bilan yurish uchun yuridik "sayohat" mototsikllari uchun 1470 metr.
1911 yildan TT orollari ancha uzoqqa ko'chib o'tdi Snaefell tog 'kursi 37,40 milya (60,19 km) (hozirgi uzunligi 37,73 mil (60,72 km)). Uning balandligi dengiz sathidan 1300 futgacha boradi.[6] Musobaqa dasturi 1907 yil Man orolidagi TT uchun ikkita sinf bilan bitta poygadan ishlab chiqilgan bo'lib, 1911 yilda 350 futgacha bo'lgan ikkita individual poygagacha kengaytirilgan. Kichik TT mototsikllar va Moviy Riband tadbir 500 funt Katta TT poyga. Birinchi jahon urushi tufayli poyga 1915 yildan 1919 yilgacha bo'lib o'tmadi. 1920 yilda qayta tiklandi. 250cc Engil TT poyga 1922 yilda Man orolining TT dasturiga qo'shildi, so'ngra a Sidecar TT 1923 yilda poyga.
1940 yildan 1945 yilgacha Men orolida poyga bo'lmagan Ikkinchi jahon urushi. Bilan tavsiya etilgan Manx Gran-prisi 1946 yilda va Man Adasi TT 1947 yilda, yangi Clubman ning TT musobaqalarini o'z ichiga olgan juda kengaytirilgan formatda. Men oroli TT tarkibiga kirdi FIM Motosikl bo'yicha Gran-pri bo'yicha jahon chempionati (hozir MotoGP ) ushbu davrda mototsikl bo'yicha jahon chempionatining Britaniya davri sifatida 1949 –1976. Xavfsizlik muammosidan keyin Snaefell Tog 'kursi va raqobatchilar uchun etarli bo'lmagan "boshlang'ich pul" bilan bog'liq muammolar, 1970 yillarning boshidan beri ko'plab etakchi raqobatchilar, mototsikl ishlab chiqaruvchilar va milliy mototsikl sporti federatsiyalari tomonidan "Men orolining TT" poygalarini boykot qilishdi.[7]
Bu hali ham ommaviy madaniyatda dunyodagi eng xavfli avtosport hodisasi sifatida qaralmoqda Nyu-York Tayms o'limlar soni "1907 yilda boshlanganidan beri 146 taga ko'tarilganligini; agar manks Gran-prisida sodir bo'lgan baxtsiz hodisalarni o'z ichiga oladigan bo'lsa, yozda o'sha Snaefell tog 'maydonida o'tkazilgan havaskorlar poygasi bu ko'rsatkichdan yuqoriroq. 250 ".[8][9] Saytdagi 2003 yilgi musobaqaning qaydnomasi Sport Illustrated yozuvchi Frants Lidz tomoshani "38 milya terror ... sportning eng xavfli hodisasi bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan asab va tezlikni sinash" deb nomladi.[10]
1976 yilda, Men oroli TT jahon chempionati maqomini yo'qotdi; tomonidan Buyuk Britaniyaga o'tkazilgan FIM va kabi ishlaydi Buyuk Britaniyaning Grand Motor-Cycle Gran-prisi uchun 1977 yilgi mavsum. O'sha paytda Man orolidagi TT Races yangi uslubning ajralmas qismiga aylandi TT Formula 1, 1977-1990 yillarda Formula-2 va Formula 3 Jahon chempionatlari, Men orolidagi TT poygalarining xalqaro poyga holatini rivojlantirish va saqlab qolish.[11]
Tadbir Orolning Man orolidagi Turizm departamenti tomonidan qayta ishlab chiqilgan Man orolining TT festivali 1989 yildan boshlab. Bunga yangi Isle of Man TT festivali dasturining yangi poyga tadbirlari, shu jumladan 1989 yildagi Pre-TT klassik musobaqalari, so'ngra 1991 yildagi Post-TT musobaqalari, ikkalasi ham Billown davri. 2013 yilda Man oroli Klassik TT Man orolining Iqtisodiy rivojlanish departamenti va avtosikllar ittifoqi tomonidan tarixiy poyga mototsikllari uchun ishlab chiqilgan va Manx Gran-prisi endi har yili avgust oyi oxirida bo'lib o'tadigan "Men orolidagi mototsikl festivali" ning bir qismini tashkil etadi.
Tadbirga tanqidlar bo'lgan. 2007 yilda Katta musobaqalardagi voqea chavandoz va ikki tomoshabinning o'limiga olib keldi.[12] Natijada olib borilgan surishtiruv bir nechta tavsiyalar berdi va bir nechta sharhlarni o'z ichiga oldi, masalan: "Katta marshallar o'z vakolatlari doirasidan tashqariga ko'tarilgan bo'lishi mumkin".[13] Sud mutaxassisi, shuningdek, "Men Manks motosikl klubi guvohlari va marshallari hammasi ko'ngilli ekanliklari haqida ko'proq bilaman. Ular o'z vaqtlarini bemalol va pullik mukofotlarisiz berishlarini aytishdi. Ammo, agar bu taklif qilingan bo'lsa, chunki ular ko'ngillilar edi, chunki ulardan kutilgan me'yorlarda ba'zi bir imtiyozlar bo'lishi kerak edi, keyin afsusdaman, rozi bo'lmayman. "[14]
2018 yilda yakkaxon raqib rasmiy kurs avtomashinasi bilan katta to'qnashuv paytida to'qnashuv paytida jiddiy jarohat oldi va politsiya xodimlarini kurs davomida o'lim joyida harakat qilish uchun etkazish paytida. U qizil marshrut to'xtaganidan keyin paddok maydoniga teskari yo'nalishda qaytib borishni buyurib, marshallar tomonidan orqaga qaytarilgan ettita chavandozdan biri edi.
2020 yilda 30 oktabr - 13 iyun kunlari bo'lib o'tishi kerak bo'lgan Man orolidagi TT poygalari orol aholini himoya qilish choralarini kuchaytirgani sababli bekor qilindi. Covid-19 pandemiyasi.[15]
Manning ilk orollari TT poyga tarixi (1904-1910)
Gordon Bennet va Tourist Trophy avtomobil poygalari
Avtoulov poygalari 1904 yilda Gordon Bennettni yo'q qilish bo'yicha sinovdan o'tkazilib, sayyohlik avtoulovlari bilan cheklangan. Sifatida Avtomobil avtoulovi to'g'risidagi qonun 1903 yil Buyuk Britaniyada avtoulovlarga 20 milya (32 km / soat) tezlikni cheklashni qo'ydi, Buyuk Britaniya va Irlandiyaning avtoulovlar klubi kotibi Julian Orde orol jamoatchiligida avtoulovlarni poyga qilish uchun ruxsat olish uchun Man orolidagi rasmiylarga murojaat qildi. yo'llar.[16] Avtomobil yo'llari (engil lokomotiv) to'g'risidagi qonun 1904 yilda Man orolida 52,15 mil (83,93 km) ga ruxsat berdi. Yo'llar kursi 1904 yilda Gordon Bennettni olib tashlash bo'yicha sud jarayonida Klifford Erl (Napier) 7 soat 26,5 daqiqada besh davrada (255,5 milya yoki 411,2 km) g'olib chiqqan. Yo'llar kursi. 1905 yil Gordon Bennett sudi 1905 yil 30-mayda bo'lib o'tdi va yana Klifford Erl Napier avtomashinasini 6 soat 6 daqiqada bosib o'tib, oltita magistral yo'l bo'ylab g'olib bo'ldi. Buning ortidan 1905 yil sentyabr oyida birinchi bo'lib Isle of Man Tourist Trophy Race poyga avtoulovlari uchun musobaqa bo'lib o'tdi. RAC Tourist Trophy va John Napier (Arrol-Johnston) 6 soat 9 daqiqada o'rtacha 33,90 milya (54,56 km / soat) tezlikda g'olib bo'ldi.[17]
Xalqaro mototsikl kubogi musobaqasi (1905)
1905 yilgi Gordon Bennettni yo'q qilish bo'yicha sud jarayoni uchun ertasi kuni Buyuk Britaniyani xalqaro mototsikl kubogi musobaqalarida qatnashadigan jamoa uchun mototsikllar uchun sinovdan o'tkazishga qaror qilindi. Ramsey Xayrpindagi baxtsiz hodisa musobaqa oldidan favoritlardan birini chiqarib yubordi va raqiblarning tik tog 'qismida ko'tarilishga qodir emasligi tashkilotchilarni Gordon Bennett sinov kursining 25 millik (40 km) qismidan foydalanishga majbur qildi. . Bu yugurdi Duglas janubdan Castletown keyin shimolga Balakren boshlang'ich bo'ylab A3 yo'l va startga qaytish Quarterbridge orqali Duglasda Krosbi va Glen Vine oqim bo'ylab Snaefell tog 'kursi teskari yo'nalishda. Besh turda (125 milya yoki 201 km) 1905 yilgi xalqaro mototsikl kubogi musobaqasida J.S. Kempbell (Ariel) pit-stop paytida yong'in chiqishiga qaramay[18] o'rtacha 30.04 milya (48.34 km / soat) poyga tezligida 4 soat, 9 daqiqa va 36 soniyada.[19]
Poyga formati
TT musobaqalari 1907 yildagi birinchi poygadan beri vaqt sinovi shaklida bo'lgan. Bo'yicha o'tkazilgan musobaqalar Clypse kursi 1954-1959 yillar mobaynida 1924 yildagi engil vaznli TT Race va 1948 yildagi Clubmen TT musobaqalari bilan bir qatorda an'anaviy to'lib-toshgan startlar bo'lib, ular ham "ommaviy start" poygalari edi. Amaldagi format "debriyaj starti" dir va poyga raqobatchilari "yakka tartibda 10 soniya oralig'ida boshlanadi".[20]
Musobaqa tartibi
- Dastlabki bosqichlarni boshlang
- Birinchi signal - poyga paddokida va yig'ilish maydonida dvigatellarning isishi bilan boshlashdan 45 daqiqa oldin.
- Ikkinchi signal - boshlashdan 30 daqiqa oldin.
- Uchinchi signal - musobaqa boshlanishidan 15 daqiqa oldin, poyga raqiblari boshlang'ich chiziqqa va malaka tartibida harakat qilishadi.
- To'rtinchi signal - boshlashdan 5 daqiqa oldin, tarmoqni tozalash uchun signal bering va poyga raqiblari chiqish eshigi tomon harakatlanadilar.
Imtiyoz
Ishtirokchilar avtoulov poygasi uchun amaldagi Milliy ishtirokchilar yoki FIM homiylari litsenziyasiga ega bo'lishlari kerak.
Abituriyentlar Buyuk Britaniyaning haydovchilik guvohnomasini yoki mototsikl sertifikatini yoki Buyuk Britaniyaning taqqoslanadigan transport standartlari departamenti tomonidan tan olingan va poyga oldidan yoki musobaqadan keyingi to'xtatib qo'yilishi sababli ushlab turilishi mumkin bo'lgan taqqoslanadigan mamlakatdan haydovchilik guvohnomasini to'ldirish to'g'risidagi hujjatlarni oldindan to'ldirishlari kerak.
Musobaqa darslari
- Joriy
- Katta TT (1909 yildan hozirgi kungacha)
- Engil TT (1922-1976, 1995-2004, 2012-hozirgi kunga qadar)
- Kichik TT / Supersport TT (1911 yildan hozirgi kungacha)
- Superbike TT (2005 yildan hozirgacha)
- Superstock TT (2005 yildan hozirgi kungacha)
- Zero TT (2010 yildan hozirgacha)
- Sidecar TT (1923-1925, 1951-1967, 1977-hozirgi kungacha)
- Avvalgi
- Singles TT (1907-1908, 1994-2000)
- Egizak TT (1907-1908)
- Sidecar 1000 TT (1975-1976)
- Sidecar 750 TT (1968-1974)
- Sidecar 500 TT (1968-1976)
- Ultra-engil TT (1924-1925, 1951-1974, 1989-2004, 2008)
- Clubman Senior TT (1947-1956)
- Clubman Junior TT (1947-1956)
- Clubman Lightweight TT (1947-1950)
- Clubman 1000 TT (1949-1950, 1953)
- 50 TT (1962-1968)
- Klassik TT (1975-1984)
- Formula 1 TT (1977-2004)
- Formula 2 TT (1977-1987)
- Formula 3 TT (1977-1982)
- Ishlab chiqarish 1500 TT (1985-1985)
- Ishlab chiqarish 1000 TT (1974, 2002-2004)
- Ishlab chiqarish 750 TT (1967-1973, 1984-1985)
- Ishlab chiqarish 500/600 TT (1967-1974, 2002-2004)
- Ishlab chiqarish 250 TT (1967-1974, 1984-1985)
- TT ishlab chiqarish (1975-1976, 1996-2000)
- A TT ishlab chiqarish (1986-1988)
- B TT ishlab chiqarish (1986-1988)
- C TT ishlab chiqarish (1986-1988)
- D TT ishlab chiqarish (1986-1988)
- Supersport 600 TT (1989-1994)
- Supersport 400 TT (1989-1994)
- Engil 400 TT (1999-2004)
- TTXGP (2009)
Superbike TT
Superbike TT poygasiga kirish uchun 2015 yildagi spetsifikatsiya quyidagicha aniqlangan.
- Quyidagi xususiyatlarga javob beradigan har qanday mashina:
- TT Superbike: (ga mos keladigan mashinalar 2015 yilgi Superbike FIM chempionati texnik xususiyatlar)
- 750 santimetrdan 1000 santimetrgacha 4 silindrli 4 zarb
- 750 santimetrdan 1000 santimetrgacha 3 tsilindrni 4 martali
- 850 santimetrdan 1200 santimetrgacha 2 silindrli 4 martali
- TT Superbike: (ga mos keladigan mashinalar 2015 yilgi Superbike FIM chempionati texnik xususiyatlar)
Minimal Og'irligi 165 kg (364 funt). Tashkilotchilarning qaroriga binoan qabul qilingan boshqa mashinalar[21]
Supersport TT
The 1911 yil Men oroli TT birinchi marta edi Kichik TT 300 silindrli bitta silindrli va 340 kubometrli ikki silindrli mototsikllarga ochiq poyga bo'lib o'tdi, yangi 37,5 millik (60,4 km) Snaefell tog 'maydonchasining beshta davri uchun bahslashdi. Yangi yo'nalishdagi birinchi voqea - 35 ta ishtirokchi ishtirok etgan "Junior TT Race" musobaqasi bo'lib, u Peru J. Evans tomonidan "Humber" mototsiklini haydab, o'rtacha poyga tezligi 41,45 milya (66,71 km / soat) ga erishdi. The 1912 voqea birinchi bo'lib Junior TT-ni atigi 350 kubometr hajmdagi mashinalar bilan chekladi va ushbu dvigatel hajmi 1976 yilgacha ustunlik qildi, undan keyin toifadan voz kechildi. Tadbir 1994 yilgacha 250 kubometrli mashinalar uchun o'tkazilib, uning o'rniga 600 kubometrli Supersport klassi o'rnatildi.
- 1911 300 silindrli dvigatel hajmi va 340 santimetr egizak silindrli mototsikllar uchun bitta silindrli mototsikllar uchun.
- 1912–1948 mototsikl hajmi 350 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun.
- 1949–1953 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 350 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi Snaefell tog 'kursi.
- 1954–1959 yillarda mototsikl hajmi 350 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi bo'lib o'tdi Clypse kursi.
- 1960–1976-yillarda mototsikl hajmi 350 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi va tog 'maydonida o'tkazildi.
- 1977-1994 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 250 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun va tog 'maydonida o'tkazilgan.
- 1995 yildan boshlab mototsikl quvvati 600 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun va tog 'maydonida.
Supersport TT musobaqasiga kirish uchun 2015 yildagi texnik shartlar quyidagilardir:
- TT Supersport: (ga mos keladigan mashinalar 2015 yil Supersport bo'yicha FIM chempionati texnik xususiyatlar)
- 400 santimetrdan 600 santimetrgacha 4 silindrli 4 zarb
- 600 santimetrdan 675 santimetrgacha 3 tsilindrni 4 martali
- 600 santimetrdan 750 santimetrgacha 2 silindrli 4-zarb
Minimal og'irligi 161 kg[22]
Superstock TT
Uchun yozuvlar uchun 2015 texnik xususiyatlari Superstock TT, ishlab chiqarilgan mototsikllar uchun harakatlanadigan shinalar bilan poyga, FIM Superstock chempionati texnik shartlariga asosan quyidagicha tashkil etiladi:
- Superstock TT: (ga mos keladigan mashinalar 2012 yil FIM superstock chempionati texnik xususiyatlar)
- 750 santimetrdan 1000 santimetrgacha 4 silindrli 4 zarb
- 750 santimetrdan 1000 santimetrgacha 3 tsilindrni 4 martali
- 850 santimetrdan 1200 santimetrgacha 2 silindrli 4 martali
Minimal (quruq) vazn 170 kg[23]
Engil TT
The 1922 yilgi voqea birinchi marta edi Engil TT poyga bo'lib o'tdi, mototsikl-jurnalist Geoff S. Devison tomonidan minib, g'olib chiqdi Levilar O'rtacha 49,89 milya / soat tezlikda (80,29 km / soat) Snaefell tog 'kursi. 1976 yildagi voqeadan keyin FIM Jahon chempionati maqomini yo'qotganidan keyingi o'zgarishlarda, yengil TT musobaqasi hozirda ishlamay qolgan 350 kub formulasi o'rniga 250 santimetrlik Junior TT uchun ishlaydigan mashinalar bilan to'xtatildi. Yengil TT 1995 yilda qaytib keldi va 1999 yildan beri ikkita alohida hodisaga bo'linib, 2003 yildan keyin yana jadvaldan tushib ketdi. Ultra-Light TT Race kabi, u 2008-2009 yillarda qayta tiklandi. Billown qisqa tutashuv; va keyin yana xarajat sabab poyga jadvalidan tushib ketdi.
- 1924–1948 mototsikl hajmi 250 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun.
- 1949–1953 yillarda mototsikl hajmi 250 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi Snaefell tog 'kursi.
- 1954–1959 yillarda mototsikl hajmi 250 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi Clypse kursi.
- 1960–1976-yillarda mototsikl uchun 250 kubometrdan oshmaydigan mototsikl uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi, tog 'maydonida bo'lib o'tdi.
- 1977-1994 yillardagi voqea bajarilmadi (250 santimetr formulasi Junior TT sifatida ishlaydi).
- 1995-1998 yillarda Tog'li maydonda o'tkaziladigan dvigatel hajmi 250 kubometrdan oshmaydigan 2 zarbli mototsikllar va 400 santimetrdan oshmaydigan 4 zarbli mototsikllar uchun.
- 1999–2003 yil tog 'maydonida o'tkaziladigan 400 dvigatel hajmidan oshmaydigan 4 zarbli mototsikllar uchun engil 400 TT.
- 1999-2002 yy. Tog'li maydonda o'tkaziladigan 250 santimetrli dvigatel hajmidan oshmaydigan 2 zarbli mototsikllar uchun engil 250 TT (2003 yilda Junior TT tarkibiga kiradi).
- 2008-2009 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 250 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun Billown davri.
- 2012 yil - Tadbir qayta o'tkazildi 2012 Dvigatel quvvati 650 kubometrdan oshmaydigan va ACU doimiy qoidalariga muvofiq suv bilan sovutiladigan to'rt zarbli ikkita silindrli tadbir.[24]
Engil TT poygasiga kirish uchun 2019-yilgi texnik shartlar quyidagilardir:
- Mashinalar ACU doimiy qoidalari va 2019 Isle of Man TT poyga qoidalariga muvofiq umumiy texnik qoidalarga muvofiq bo'lishi kerak.
- Har qanday to'rt zarbli ikkita silindrli mototsikl dastlab 650 kubometrgacha bo'lgan dvigatel bilan suv bilan sovutilgan dvigatel bilan yo'lda foydalanish uchun sotilgan.
- Tegishli mashinalar Buyuk Britaniyaning 2009 yoki undan keyingi yo'llarida foydalanish uchun homolog qilingan modellardan bo'lishi kerak.
- Mashinalar ACU doimiy qoidalari va 2019 Isle of Man TT poyga qoidalariga muvofiq umumiy texnik qoidalarga muvofiq bo'lishi kerak.
Engil vaznli TT klassi uchun minimal vazn 161 kilogrammni (355 funt) tashkil etadi.[25]
Sidecar TT
The 1923 TT birinchi marta Sidecar TT poygasi uch marotaba (113 milya yoki 182 km) yugurib o'tdi. Tog 'kursi va g'olib bo'ldi Freddi Dikson va yo'lovchi Valter Denni a Duglas va maxsus bank xizmatlari o'rtacha poyga tezligida 53,15 milya (85,54 km / soat). Uchun 1926 yilgi voqea Sidecar va Ultra-engil TT yozuvlar etishmasligi sababli darslar qoldirildi.
Sidecar poygasi qayta tiklandi 1954 yilgi voqea Sidecars uchun dvigatel quvvati 500 kubometrdan oshmasligi kerak Clypse kursi. Yonma-yon mashinalar uchun chempionatdan tashqari 750 kubometrli sinf joriy etildi 1968 yilgi voqea. Uchun 1976 yilgi voqea poyga ikki oyoq ustida o'tkazildi. 1975 yildan boshlab Sidecars uchun avvalgi 500 kub va 750 santimetrli sinflar 1000 santimetrli dvigatel quvvati sinfiga almashtirildi.
Yangi FIM Sidecars uchun Formula 2 klassi 1990 yilda Isle of Man TT uchun taqdim etilgan.
- 1954–1959 yillarda dvigatel hajmi 500 santimetrdan oshmaydigan yon avtomashinalar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati. Musobaqa Clypse kursi.
- 1960–1976 yillarda o'tkazilgan FIM Jahon chempionati Tog 'kursi.
- 1968-1974 yillarda Sidecars uchun 750 kubometrdan oshmaydigan chempionat.
- 1975–1989 yillarda yonilg'i dvigatelining quvvati 1000 santimetrdan oshmaydi.
- 1990– Ikki zarbli dvigatellar uchun 350 santimetrdan oshmaydigan yoki 600 santimetrdan oshmaydigan to'rt taktli dvigatellar uchun FIM Formula 2 Sidecar poygasi.
Sidecar TT poygasiga kirish uchun 2015 yilgi texnik shartlar quyidagilardir:
- Mashinalar ACUning doimiy qoidalariga va 2015 yil Isle of Man TT qoidalariga muvofiq umumiy texnik qoidalarga muvofiq bo'lishi kerak.
- Dvigatel turlari
- 501 - 600 santimetr, 4 zarbli, 4 silindrli, ishlab chiqarishga asoslangan mototsikl dvigatellari.
- Dvigatel turlari
Katta TT
Uchun 1911 yil Men oroli TT, yordamida birinchi TT hodisasi Snaefell tog 'kursi yoki Tog 'kursi, ikkita alohida poyga kiritildi. Birinchi tadbir to'rt tur edi Kichik TT irqi va alohida Katta TT 500 silindrli bitta silindrli va 585 kubometrli ikki silindrli mototsikllar uchun poyga, yangi 37,5 millik (60,4 km) Snaefell tog 'kursining beshta davri bo'ylab. Tog 'kursining yangi texnik muammolari abituriyentlar va mototsikl ishlab chiqaruvchilarni ham o'zgartirishga majbur qildi. Amerikalik hindistonlik mototsikl fabrikasida ikki tezlikli uzatmalar qutisi va zanjirli haydovchi o'rnatildi. Bu Oliver Godfri 1911 yilgi katta TT poyga musobaqasida g'olib chiqqanida g'alaba qozongan kombinatsiya bo'ldi Hind o'rtacha tezligi 47,63 milya / soat (76,65 km / soat). Olti pog'onali kamar haydovchi bilan jihozlangan[26] Charli Kollier Matchless mototsiklini haydash 1911 yilgi Katta TT poygasida ikkinchi o'rinni egalladi va keyinchalik noqonuniy yonilg'i quygani uchun diskvalifikatsiya qilindi. 1911 yil Man orolining TT poygalarida ertalabki mashg'ulotlar paytida, Viktor Surrij uning qulagandan keyin vafot etdi Rudge mototsikl at Glen Xelen, Snaefell tog 'maydonidagi raqibning birinchi o'limi va birinchi o'limi Men oroli avtohalokatga uchragan kishining.[27]
- 500 silindrli dvigatel hajmi va 585 kubometrli ikki silindrli mototsikllar uchun bitta silindrli mototsikllar uchun.
- 1912–1939 mototsikl quvvati 500 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun.
- 1947–1948 - mototsikl quvvati 500 kubometrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun va dvigatelni ortiqcha zaryadlashni taqiqlash.
- 1949–1976 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 500 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi.
- 1977-1984 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 500 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun.
- 1985-2004 yillarda ACU TT Formula 1 qoidalariga mos keladigan mototsikllar uchun dvigatel hajmi 1010 kubometrdan oshmaydi.
- 2004 yildan boshlab ACU / FIM Superbike qoidalariga mos keladigan mototsikllar uchun 1000 ssm dvigatel hajmidan oshmasligi kerak.
Katta TT poygasiga kirish uchun 2015 yilgi texnik shartlar quyidagilardir:
- TT Superbike: (2015 FIM Superbike chempionati talablariga javob beradigan mashinalar)[28]
- 750 santimetrdan 1000 santimetrgacha 4 silindrli 4 zarb
- 750 santimetrdan 1000 santimetrgacha 3 tsilindrni 4 martali
- 850 santimetrdan 1200 santimetrgacha 2 tsilindrni 4 martali
- Supersport Kichik TT (plastik tanlovi cheklanmagan holda)
- TT Superstock (plastik tanlovi cheklanmagan holda)
- Tashkilotchilarning qaroriga binoan qabul qilingan boshqa mashinalar.
- Supersport Kichik TT (plastik tanlovi cheklanmagan holda)
TT Zero
Dan boshlab 2010 yilgi musobaqalar, TT Zero hodisasi bir aylana bo'ylab (37,73 milya yoki 60,72 km) Snaefell tog 'kursi o'rniga TTXGP. Rasmiy ravishda tasdiqlangan TT poygasi sifatida TT Zero tadbiri poyga mototsikllari qayerda "Texnik kontseptsiya mototsikllarni (ikkita g'ildirakli) uglerodga asoslangan yoqilg'idan foydalanmasdan va toksik / zararli chiqindilarning nolga tengligini ta'minlashdir.".[29] Man oroli hukumati tog'li kurs atrofida obro'li 100 milya (160 km / soat) (22 daqiqa va 38.388 soniya) dan oshib ketgan birinchi ishtirokchi uchun 10000 funt mukofot taqdim etdi. Bunga erishildi Maykl Rutter jamoaning MotoCzysz 2012 yilgi musobaqada,[30] va bundan buyon har yili oshib bormoqda.
To'xtatilgan poyga mashg'ulotlari
Ultra-engil TT
1924 birinchi marta edi Ultra-engil TT mototsikl hajmi 175 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun poyga bo'lib o'tdi. Unda Jek Porter g'olib bo'ldi Yangi imperator mototsiklning uchta davri bo'ylab o'rtacha 51,21 milya (82,41 km / soat) tezlikda Snaefell tog 'kursi. Ultra-Lightweight klassi qayta joriy etildi 1951 1974 yilda ishlab chiqarilishi to'xtatilgunga qadar 125 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun, keyin esa 1989 yilda qayta ishlab chiqarilgan, yana ikki martalik 125 santimetrli mototsikllar uchun, 2004 yildan keyin yozuvlar yo'qligi sababli yana tushib ketgunga qadar. Tadbir 2008-2009 yillarda to'rttasida qayta tiklandi -Millow Billown Circuit va keyin poyga jadvalidan tushgan xarajatlar uchun tushdi 2010 irqlar.
- 1924-1925 mototsikl hajmi 175 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun.
- 1951–1953 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 125 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar bo'yicha FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi Snaefell tog 'kursi.
- 1954–1959 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 125 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati musobaqasi Clypse kursi.
- 1960–1974-yillarda mototsikl hajmi 125 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun FIM Jahon chempionati, tog 'maydonida o'tkazildi.
- 1989-2004 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 125 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun tog 'maydonida o'tkazilgan.
- 2008-2009 yillarda mototsikl quvvati 125 santimetrdan oshmaydigan mototsikllar uchun Billown davri.
- 50 kubometr poyga 1962–1968-yillarda, tog'li maydonda bo'lib o'tgan 50 santimetr dvigatel hajmidan oshmaydigan ultra yengil mototsikllar uchun jahon chempionatining qo'shimcha tadbiri.
Clubman TT va Production TT
Mototsikllarni ishlab chiqarish uchun engil, kichik va katta sinflar bilan Clubman musobaqalari o'tkazildi 1947 qadar 1956.[31] Kattaroq 1000 santimetrlik sinf uchun imkoniyat yaratildi Vinsent mototsikllari.[32] Chavandozlar unchalik taniqli emas edilar, ammo yulduzlar sinfga kirishi taqiqlangani sababli, bu kelajak yulduzlari uchun zinapoyani yaratdi, ammo tomoshabinlarning qiziqishini kamaytirdi. Seriyada bitta model hukmronlik qildi - BSA Gold Star,[33][34][35] va boshqa ishlab chiqaruvchilarning ozgina raqobati bilan to'xtatildi. 1967 yil mart oyida spetsifikatsiyani boshqaradigan, rodsterga asoslangan sinfni yaqinlashib kelayotgan qayta kiritilishini oldindan ko'rib chiqishda, Devid Dikson yozgan: "ishlab chiqarishlararo raqobatning etishmasligi, ehtimol tobutga so'nggi mixni qo'ydi ".[33]
Buyuk Britaniyaning oylik jurnalida yozish Motosiklchi Illustrated, tezlikda 88 milya tezlikka erishgan poyga jurnalisti Rey Nayt Triumph Tiger 100 rodster - asosidagi poyga mototsikli Manx Gran-prisi,[36][37][38] 1965 yil boshida izoh bergan ACU ishlab chiqaruvchilar tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan TT poygasini o'tkazish to'g'risida so'rovni rad etgan edi, chunki u o'tkazib yuborilgan imkoniyat deb o'ylardi, ayniqsa 500 kubometrlik poygani qo'llab-quvvatlashi kamayib borayotganini hisobga olgan holda.[39]
Dvigatelning maksimal quvvati 250 santimetr, 500 kub va 750 santimetr bo'lgan sinflarga ega bo'lgan yo'ltanlamas asosidagi mototsikllar uchun TT ishlab chiqarildi. 1967 qadar 1976 dars to'xtatilganda.
Production TT 1984 yildagi poyga uchun uchta sinfda qayta tiklandi, 1990 yildagi poyga uchun xavfsizlik nuqtai nazaridan ikkita sinfga qisqartirildi. Uchun 2005 yilgi musobaqalar Superstock klassi 1989 yildan beri poyga jadvaliga kiritilgan avvalgi 1000 kubik va 600 santimetrlik ishlab chiqarish TT sinflarini almashtirdi.
Amaliy mashg'ulotlar
Man oroli TT formati bir haftalik mashg'ulot / saralash, so'ngra bir haftalik poyga. Tarixiy jihatdan, ertalab soat 05: 00-07: 30 gacha erta tongda mashg'ulotlar bo'lib o'tdi. Bu uchun to'xtatildi 2004 yil Isle of Man TT irqlar.
Uchun erta tongda mashg'ulotlar paytida 1927 yil Men oroli TT irqlar, Archi Birkin, akasi Tim Birkin ning Bentli Boyz shuhrat, halokatli tarzda halokatga uchradi Rhenkulen Ochiq yo'llarda haydab ketayotgan Fish Van bilan to'qnashuvni oldini olish uchun harakatlanayotganda.[40] 1928 yildan boshlab, Man orolidagi TT Races uchun mashg'ulotlar va Manx Gran-prisi yopiq umumiy foydalanish yo'llarida o'tkazildi.[41] Uchrashuv uchun kechki mashg'ulotlar o'tkazildi 1937 yil Men oroli TT musobaqalar va shu kungacha davom eting.[42]
Payshanba kuni tushdan keyin mashg'ulotlar "Centenary" dan to'xtatildi 2007 yil Isle of Man TT poyga va kechki mashg'ulotlar bilan almashtirildi. Uchun 2015 Isle of Man TT musobaqalar, shanba kuni kechqurun soat 18: 00-21: 30 oralig'idagi kutilmagan mashg'ulotlar jadvalga qo'shildi. Man Isle of TT poygalari uchun 2020 yilgi mashg'ulotlar jadvali shanba oqshomidan yakshanba kunigacha ko'chirilgan birinchi mashg'ulotlar jadvali bilan kiritilgan.[43] Dastlabki mashg'ulotlar yangi kelganlar uchun boshqariladigan turlarni taqdim etadi. Raqobatchilar Men orolining TT tog'li kursining bir aylanasi uchun sayohat qiluvchi marshallar tomonidan barqaror tempda va tajribali Man TT oroli va / yoki hamrohligida Manx Gran-prisi raqobatchilar.
Amaliy mashg'ulotlar jadvali
Boshlang'ich qism A18 Snaefell tog 'yo'li Ramsey Hairpin uchun Creg-ny-Baa mashg'ulot vaqtlari uchun soat 16:45 da yopiladi (soat 17:00 dan) Bungalov ), TT kursining qolgan qismidan soat 18:00 da 1 soat 15 daqiqa oldin.[44]
2021 yil 30-may, yakshanba kuni birinchi yakshanba kuni kutilmagan sessiya jadvali:
- 13:30 Yangi kelganlar Tezlikni boshqarish tizmasi
- 13:50 Superbike TT / Superstock TT / Supersport TT
- 15:30 Yengil TT / Supersport TT / Yangi kelganlar (barcha yakka sinflar)
- 16:30 Sidecar TT
Haftalik mashg'ulotlarni mashq qiling
Asosiy mashg'ulotlar va vaqt mashg'ulotlari odatda keyingi haftaning dushanba-juma kunlari o'tkaziladi. Man orolining TT tog 'kursini tashkil etadigan umumiy foydalanish yo'llari 2021 yildagi yakkaxon va Sidekar sinflari uchun TT poygalari uchun yopiladi.
Amaliyot haftasining dushanba-payshanba kunlari to'rt kunlik kechki mashg'ulotlar jadvali:
31-may, dushanba, 3-iyun, payshanba: 2020:
- 18:20 – 19:55 Yakkaxon Mototsikllar mashg'ulotlari vaqtiga to'g'ri keldi.
- 20:00 – 20:50 Sidecar mashg'ulot vaqtini belgilab oldi.
2021 yil 4-iyun, juma kuni kechqurun mashg'ulotlar bilan vaqtinchalik kechki mashg'ulotlar:
- 13:00 – 14:55 Yakkaxon Mototsikllar mashg'ulotlari vaqtiga to'g'ri keldi.
- 15:05 Sidecar mashg'ulot vaqtini belgilab oldi.
Ob-havoning yomonlashishi yoki bir yoki bir nechta belgilangan mashg'ulotlarning kechikishi yoki bekor qilinishiga olib keladigan bo'lsa, zaxira ertalab mashg'ulotlari jamoat yo'llari yopiq holda 06:00 - 07:30 Man orolidagi TT tog 'kursida o'tkazilishi mumkin. Keyingi vaqtdan tashqari mashg'ulotlar tanlangan poyga sinflari uchun poyga tugagandan so'ng poyga haftasida o'tkaziladi.
2020 yilgi tadbir tufayli bekor qilindi Covid-19 pandemiyasi.[45]
TT kursi rasmiy transport vositalari
Amaliyot yoki poyga davri tugagandan so'ng, xabarnomani ko'rsatadigan rasmiy kurs vositasi Yo'llar ochiq Tog'li kurs atrofida aylanib o'tadigan yo'llar, ochiladigan har bir punktdan, shu jumladan, yonma-yon o'tish joylarini jamoat foydalanishi uchun. Ustida Snaefell tog 'yo'li Ramseydan Duglasgacha bo'lgan qismda rasmiy transport vositasi xabarnomani namoyish etadi Yo'llar bitta yo'lni ochadi.
Sayohat qiluvchi marshallar
Dastlab 1935 yilda ishlab chiqarilgan, har qanday hodisaga tezkor javob berishni ta'minlaydigan kurs atrofida joylashgan sakkizta mashina mavjud. Tanlangan chavandozlar avvalgi poyga tajribasiga ega va birinchi tibbiy yordam ko'rsatishda o'qitilganlar, tibbiy asbob-uskunalar bilan jihozlangan mashinalar qurbonni boshqarish uchun yordam berishi mumkin. Shuningdek, ular boshqa vazifalarga ega, masalan, kursni tekshirish, yo'lda mashinalarni ko'zga ko'rinadigan nosozliklarni kuzatish va har qanday hodisani ko'rib chiqish va xabar berish.[46]
Amaliyot va poyga paytida joylarni kesib o'tish
1982 yildagi avtomobil poygalari to'g'risidagi qonun (Men oroli) va TT avtoulovlari bo'yicha qo'shimcha buyurtmalar transport vositalari va piyodalarga Snaefell tog 'kursidan o'tishni politsiya xodimi nazorati ostida belgilangan poyga davrlari oralig'ida ma'lum nuqtalarda o'tishga imkon beradi. Bir necha doimiy piyodalar uchun ko'priklar o'rnatildi. Ushbu fikrlarga quyidagilar kiradi:
Duglasda
- A2 Sent-Ninian chorrahasi bilan A22 Ballakuayl yo'li va A22 Ballanard yo'li
- A2 birikmasi Bray tepaligi Tromode Road va Stoney Road bilan
- A1 Peel Road o'rtasida Breddan ko'prigi (Yubiley Eman) va Quarterbridge
- A2 Gubernator yo'li, Onchan, A2 Glencrutchery yo'li va Viktoriya yo'li Hokimiyat ko'prigi
- Ikkinchi va Uchinchi prospektlar va Viktoriya yo'li o'rtasida A2 Glencrutchery yo'li
- A18 Bemahague yo'li To'shak burchagi, Onchan
Duglas, Glencrutchery Road-da, boshlash / tugatish yaqinida piyodalar uchun ko'prik TT tribunasi
Piyodalar ko'prigi To'shak burchagi, Duglas, bilan Xeylvud xiyoboni kavşaktan o'ngga
Boshqa joyda
- A1 Duglas bilan Peel yo'lini A23 Eyreton Road va B36 Old Church Road, Krosbi
- A3 Castletown-dan Ramsey-B10 Sartfield Road va Ballaleigh Road yo'llari tutashgan yo'l Barregarrow Chorrahada, Maykl
- A3 birikmasi A10 Station Road va C37 Ballaugh Glen Road at Ballaugh ko'prigi
- A3 birikmasi A14 Sandygate Road va Sulby chorrahasida A14 Tholt-y-Will Glen Road
- A2 Albert maydoni va knyazlar yo'li, Ramsey bilan tutashgan joyda A18 Snaefell tog 'yo'li, May tepaligiga yaqin
Oldin piyodalar uchun ko'prik Maktab uyi burchagi, g'arbiy yondashuv Ramsey shahar
Piyodalar ko'prigidan chiqish Ramsey May tepaligiga qarab janubi-sharqqa qarab shahar markazi
Piyodalar ko'prigi Bungalov, kuni Snaefell tog'i
TT kursiga kirish yo'li
TT kirish yo'li .ning bir qismiga parallel ravishda o'tadi A1 Qismi bo'lgan Peel Road Snaefell tog 'kursi, va mashina va poyga davrlarida transport vositalarining poyga yo'nalishi ichkarisidan tashqariga o'tishini ta'minlash uchun ishlaydi. U tarixiy Duglasga qadar bo'lgan temir yo'l liniyasining bir qismi bo'ylab harakatlanadi Peel marshrutni A5 Yangi Castletown yo'li da Chorak ko'prik, kursidan o'tib Breddan ko'prigi, Duglas chekkasidagi Breddan maktab yo'lida, avvalgisiga yaqin joyda Braddan temir yo'l Halt va A23 / Ballafletcher yo'l birikmasi. Kirish yo'li tor, bitta yo'l kengligi o'tish joylari bilan va 3500 kilogramm (3,4 uzun tonna; 3,9 qisqa tonna) vazn chegarasidan past bo'lgan avtoulovlar va engil furgonlar bilan cheklangan. Avtotransport harakati uchun foydalanilganda piyodalarga kirish taqiqlanadi, ammo boshqa paytlarda bu tizimning bir qismidir tabiat yo'llari.[47][48]
Tavsif
The Jahon sporti va o'yinlariga Oksford sherigi eslatmalar:
Hozirgacha qo'llanilayotgan eng qadimgi mototsikl poyga sxemasi - Sneefell tog 'kursi bo'lib, u erda "Man orolining sayyohlik kubogi" musobaqalari o'tkaziladi. Shahridan boshlangan Duglas janubi-sharqiy sohilda, shaharcha ichiga kirish uchun g'arbiy va shimolga yo'nalish bo'ylab keng yo'l bosib o'tadi Ramsey shimoliy-sharqiy sohilda va u erdan boshlang'ich nuqtaga qaytib, har bir aylana 37 ga teng3⁄4 mil (60,7 km) va dengiz sathidan 396 m balandlikka ko'tarilayotganda 200 dan ortiq egiluvchanlikni egallaydi. Ushbu sxema tabiiy yo'l yo'nalishining timsoli bo'lib, foydalaniladigan barcha avtomobil yo'llari poyga va mashg'ulotlar uchun yopiq oddiy avtomobil yo'llari hisoblanadi.[49]
Poyga haftasida TT musobaqalari karnaval muhitini yaratadi, piknik tomoshabinlari davrada boshqa velosiped poygalarida boshqa jamoat festivallariga o'xshash pog'onalarni ko'tarib chiqishadi. Tour-Yorkshire va Le "Tour de France".
Xavfsizlik
1907 va 2019 yillar orasida Snaefell tog 'kursida rasmiy mashg'ulotlar yoki poygalar paytida 151 halok bo'lgan va jami 260 kishi halok bo'lgan (bu raqam Manx Gran-prisi paytida o'ldirilgan chavandozlarni va 1940-yillar / 1950-yillarning oxiridagi Clubman TT poyga seriyasini o'z ichiga oladi).[8][50][51] 2016 yilda rasmiy mashg'ulotlar yoki poygalar paytida 5 chavandoz kursda halok bo'ldi, vafot etganlarning umumiy soni 252 ga etdi.[52][53][9][54] Raqobatchilar orasida oltita halok bo'lgan 1970 yil Isle of Man TT, uni voqea tarixidagi eng halokatli yilga aylantirdi.[55][56]
2018 Kurs avtohalokati
2018 yil 30 mayda tajribali TT chavandozi Stiv Merser,[57][58] da rasmiy Kurs avtomobili bilan to'qnashganda jiddiy jarohat olgan Balakri. Avtomobil yuqori tezlikda haydaladi,[59][60] o'lim sodir bo'lgan joyda sodir bo'lish uchun politsiya xodimlarini etkazayotgan edi Dan Kneen. Mercer besh kun davomida hushsiz yotgan va ko'plab jarohatlar tufayli besh oy kasalxonada yotgan. U marshallar tomonidan yo'lda to'xtab, orqaga qaytgan ettita chavandozdan biri edi. TT tribunasi dan keyin teskari yo'nalishda maydon qizil bayroqni to'xtatish.[61][62] Bu esa tashkilotchilarni o'z protokollarini zudlik bilan o'zgartirishga majbur qildi va qaytib kelgan chavandozlarni mototsiklda boshqarish kerak sayohat marshallari oldinga va orqaga.[63][64] Vaziyatni tekshirish uchun mustaqil so'rovni tadbir tashkilotchilari - ACU Events tashkil etdi.[65]
The Avtomatik velosiped uyushmasi va Man orolining Enterprise departamenti, hisobot muallifi, advokat Rob Jons, sobiq ijrochi direktori bilan birgalikda Avtomobil sporti assotsiatsiyasi, barchasi hisobotni e'lon qilishdan bosh tortdi, chunki bu maxfiy va ACUga tegishli edi.[60][62][66][67]
ACU avtohalokat uchun javobgarlikni tan oldi, ammo Mercer tomonidan har qanday qonuniy da'vo Men orolida berilishi kerakligi to'g'risida ko'rsatma berdi. ACU Mercer o'zining "keng sug'urta shartnomalari" orqali moliyaviy yordam olayotganini ta'kidladi.[58][68][69]
2019 yilda xuddi shu haydovchi Kris Swallow ishtirokidagi o'limga qatnashish uchun ketayotganda GPS kuzatuv qurilmasi tomonidan qayd etilgan yangi kiritilgan tezlik chegarasidan oshib ketganligi haqidagi tanqidlardan so'ng ishdan bo'shatilganligi aniqlandi. Ballaugh avgustdagi katta klassik TTda. Gari Tompson MBE, Kurs xodimi va ACU xodimi, 2018 yilda Xavfsizlik bo'yicha ofitser rolini ham bajargani uchun tanqid qilingan edi, natijada 2019 yilda yangi amaldor tayinlandi.[60][70][71]
Jami umumiy g'oliblar
| Chavandoz | G'alaba |
|---|---|
| Joey Dunlop | 26 |
| Jon Makginness | 23 |
| Maykl Dunlop | 19 |
| Deyv Moline | 17 |
| Yan Xatchinson | 16 |
| Mayk Xeylvud | 14 |
| Bryus Anstey | 12 |
| Stiv Hislop, Fillip Makkallen | 11 |
| Giacomo Agostini, Robert Fisher, Yan Lougher, Stenli Vuds | 10 |
| Mik Boddice, Deyv Savil, Devid Jeferi, Zigfrid Schauzu | 9 |
| Ben Birchall, Jim Mudi, Chas Mortimer, Fil o'qing, Dan Seyl, Charli Uilyams | 8 |
| Mik Grant, Volfgang Kalauch, Toni Rutter | 7 |
| Chas Birks, Geoff Dyuk, Jimmi Gutri, Rik Long, Jim Redman, Maykl Rutter, John Surtees | 6 |
| Alek Bennet, Nik Krou, Robert Dunlop, Brayan Rid, Karlo Ubbiali, Piter Hikman | 5 |
| Klaus Enders, Freddi Frit, Uol Xendli, Trevor Ireson, Benga Yoxansson, Deyv Lich, Kris Palmer, Rey Pikrell, Tarquinio Provini, Xorst Shnayder, Barri Smit, Bill Smit, Jok Teylor, Jon Uilyams, | 4 |
| Rey Amm, Adrian Archibald, Grem Krosbi, Xarold Daniell, Maks Dyubel, Ralf Engelxardt, Rayan Farquhar, Patrik Farrance, Karl Fogarti, Aleks Jorj, Tom Herron, Darren Hope, Emil Xyorner, Alan Jekson, Toni Jeferi, Geoff Jonson, Klaus Klaffenbok, Rob Makelena, Bob McIntyre, Fil Mellor, Deyv Morris, Kliv Pollington, Valter Shneyder, Yan Simpson, Rolf Shtaynxauzen, Xans Strauss, Luidji Taveri, Don Uilyams, Barri Vudlend Din Xarrison | 3 |
| Fergus Anderson, Xyu Anderson, Manliff Barrington, Artie Bell, Geoff Bell, Louri Berton, Kel Karruthers, Bernard Kodd, Charli Kollier, Kit Kornbill, Mark Koks, Stiv Kull, Pat Kushnaxan, Xovard R Devis, Freddi Dikson, Charli Dodson, Kemeron Donald, Iain Duffus, Karl Ellison, Bob Foster, Dick Greasley, Manfred Grunwald, Hermann Hahn, Craig Hallam, Shaun Harris, Jon Xartl, Pete Hill, Fritz Xillebrand, Mac Hobson, Gari Xokking, John Holden, Josef Huber, Tim Xant, Bill Ayvi, Gary Johnson, Alistair King, Con Law, Eddie Laycock, Ivan Lintin, Bill Lomas, Nick Long, Graeme McGregor, Trevor Nation, Gary Padgett, Stiv Plater, Jok Porter, Nick Roche, Sesil Sandford, Dave Saville, Tom Sheard, Edwin Twemlow, Malkolm Ufill, Dave Wells, Eric Williams, Paul Williams, Andrew Winkle, Michael Wynn, | 2 |
| Stiv Abbott, Dario Ambrosini, Frank A Applebee, Ivor Arber, Reg Armstrong, Kenny Arthur, Stewart Atkinson, Jorj Auerbaxer, Mike Aylott, Mark Baldwin, Rob Barber, W. Harry Bashall, Ian Bell, Phillip Biggs, Eric Bliss, Diter Braun, Eric Briggs, Norman Braun, Ralf Brayns, Jimmy Buchan, Trevor Burgess, Roger Burnett, Mick Burns, Florian Kamatias, Moris Kann, Neil Carpenter, Phil Carpenter, Phil Carter, Harold Clark, Rod Koulman, Harry A Collier, Stuart Collins, Syd Crabtree, Dave Croxford, J.D. Daniels, Leo Davenport, Geoff Davison, Tommy de la Xey, Ernst Degner, Walter Denny, George Douglas, Eddie Dow, Percy Evans, Helmut Fath, Jek Findlay, John Flaxman, Frank Fletcher, Rem Fowler, John Gibbard, Sid Gleave, Oliver Godfrey, Les Graham, Styuart Grem, Verner Xaas, Dave Hallam, Roy Hanks, Kolin Xardman, Bernard Hargreaves, Conrad Harrison, Ron Haslam, Ronnie Hazlehurst, Chris Heath, Alfred Herzig, Freddie Hicks, Jeyms Xillier, Robert Xolden, Rupert Xollaus, Colin Hopper, Ken Horstman, Clive Horton, Eric Housley, Dennis Irlandiya, Mitsuo Itoh, Brian Jackson, Nick Jefferies, Doug Jewell, Li Jonson, C. W. Johnston, Ken Kavanagh, Bob Keeler, Neil Kelly, Basil Keys, John Kidson, Evald Kluge, Ray Knight, David Lashmar, Monty V. Lockwood, Frank Longman, Xaynts Lutringshauzer, Jack Marshall, Keith Martin, Hugh Mason, Kromi Makkandless, Jorj Meier, Ted Mellors, Mark Miller, Derek Minter, Brian Morrison, Les Nutt, George O'Dell, Erik Oliver, Mat Oxley, Len Parker, Philip Parker, Denis Parkinson, Graham Penny, Alex Phillip, Derek Powell, Kiril Pullin, Brian Purslow, Richard Quayle, Johnny Rea, Harry Reed, Tim Reeves, Brett Richmond, Tommi Robb, John Robinson, Mike Rogers, Nigel Rollason, Dave Roper, Gordon Russell, Fritz Shaydegger, Martyn Sharpe, Deyv Simmonds, Bill Simpson, Jimmi Simpson, Cyril Taft, Omobono Tenni, Steve Tonkin, George Tucker, Kenneth Twemlow, Genri Trell-Smit, Chris Vincent, Terry Vinicombe, Grem Uoker, Frank Whiteway, Cyril Williams, Piter Uilyams, Alfred Wohlgemuth, Tim Wood, Tommy Wood, Stan Woods | 1 |
FIM Motorcycle Grand Prix World Championship Rounds (1949–1976)
 | |
| Gran-pri mototsikl poygasi | |
|---|---|
| Joy | Snaefell tog 'kursi |
| Birinchi musobaqa | 1949 |
| Oxirgi musobaqa | 1976 |
| Ko'p g'alaba (chavandoz) | Mayk Xeylvud (12) |
| Ko'p g'alaba (ishlab chiqaruvchi) | Agusta MV (33) |
The Isle of Man TT was part of the FIM Motor-Cycle Grand Prix World Championship (now MotoGP) between 1949 and 1976. During this period the Isle of Man TT Races counted as the United Kingdom round including the Sidecar TT, 50 cc Ultra-Lightweight TT, 125 cc Lightweight TT, 250 cc Lightweight TT, 350 cc Junior TT and 500 cc Senior TT races counted towards the FIM Motor-Cycle Grand Prix World Championship. After the 1972 races, multiple world champion and dominant motorcycle racer of his time Giacomo Agostini announced he would never race again at the Isle of Man, declaring it too dangerous for international competition and that it was outrageous that such a race should ever be part of a scenario professional riders were forced into; at this point the Isle of Man TT was not suited to the growing professionalism and business aspects of Grand Prix motorcycle racing. More and more riders joined his boycott, and after 1976 the race was stricken from the championship and replaced by the Britaniya Gran-prisi.
Bir nechta g'oliblar (chavandozlar)
| # G'alaba | Chavandoz | G'alaba | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turkum | Yil yutdi | ||
| 12 |  Mayk Xeylvud | 500 kub | 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967 |
| 350 kub | 1962, 1967 | ||
| 250 kub | 1961, 1966, 1967 | ||
| 125 kub | 1961 | ||
| 10 |  Giacomo Agostini | 500 kub | 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 |
| 350 kub | 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972 | ||
| 6 | John Surtees | 500 kub | 1956, 1958, 1959, 1960 |
| 350 kub | 1958, 1959 | ||
 Jim Redman | 350 kub | 1963, 1964, 1965 | |
| 250 kub | 1963, 1964, 1965 | ||
| Fil o'qing | 350 kub | 1961 | |
| 250 kub | 1971, 1972 | ||
| 125 kub | 1965, 1967, 1968 | ||
| 5 | Geoff Dyuk | 500 kub | 1950, 1951, 1955 |
| 350 kub | 1951, 1952 | ||
| Karlo Ubbiali | 250 kub | 1956 | |
| 125 kub | 1955, 1956, 1958, 1960 | ||
| 4 | Tarquinio Provini | 250 kub | 1958, 1959 |
| 125 kub | 1957, 1959 | ||
| Chas Mortimer | 350 kub | 1976 | |
| 250 kub | 1975 | ||
| 125 kub | 1971, 1972 | ||
| 3 |  Rey Amm | 500 kub | 1953, 1954 |
| 350 kub | 1953 | ||
 Luidji Taveri | 125 kub | 1962, 1964 | |
| 50 sm | 1965 | ||
| Charli Uilyams | 350 kub | 1975 | |
| 250 kub | 1973, 1974 | ||
| 2 | Fergus Anderson | 250 kub | 1952, 1953 |
| Bill Lomas | 350 kub | 1955 | |
| 250 kub | 1955 | ||
| Sesil Sandford | 250 kub | 1957 | |
| 125 kub | 1952 | ||
| Bob McIntyre | 500 kub | 1957 | |
| 350 kub | 1957 | ||
| Gari Xokking | 500 kub | 1962 | |
| 250 kub | 1960 | ||
 Xyu Anderson | 125 kub | 1963 | |
| 50 sm | 1964 | ||
| Bill Ayvi | 250 kub | 1968 | |
| 125 kub | 1966 | ||
 Kel Karruthers | 250 kub | 1969, 1970 | |
| Tony Rutter | 350 kub | 1973, 1974 | |
| Tom Herron | 500 kub | 1976 | |
| 250 kub | 1976 | ||
Bir nechta g'oliblar (ishlab chiqaruvchilar)
| # G'alaba | Ishlab chiqaruvchi | G'alaba | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turkum | Yil yutdi | ||
| 33 | Agusta MV | 500 kub | 1956, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972 |
| 350 kub | 1958, 1959, 1960, 1962, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972 | ||
| 250 kub | 1956, 1958, 1959, 1960 | ||
| 125 kub | 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1959, 1960 | ||
| 21 |  Yamaha | 500 kub | 1974, 1976 |
| 350 kub | 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976 | ||
| 250 kub | 1968, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976 | ||
| 125 kub | 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973 | ||
| 18 | Honda | 500 kub | 1966, 1967 |
| 350 kub | 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967 | ||
| 250 kub | 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967 | ||
| 125 kub | 1961, 1962, 1964 | ||
| 50 sm | 1965, 1966 | ||
| 12 | Norton | 500 kub | 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1961 |
| 350 kub | 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1961 | ||
| 7 | Moto Guzzi | 350 kub | 1955, 1956 |
| 250 kub | 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955 | ||
| Suzuki | 500 kub | 1973 | |
| 125 kub | 1963, 1970 | ||
| 50 sm | 1962, 1963, 1964, 1967 | ||
| 3 | Mondial | 250 kub | 1957 |
| 125 kub | 1951, 1957 | ||
| Gilera | 500 kub | 1955, 1957 | |
| 350 kub | 1957 | ||
| 2 |  NDU | 250 kub | 1954 |
| 125 kub | 1954 | ||
| Benelli | 250 kub | 1950, 1969 | |
| Kavasaki | 500 kub | 1975 | |
| 125 kub | 1969 | ||
Yil bo'yicha
Current lap records
| Turkum | Chavandoz (lar) | Mashina | Shinalar | Yil | Vaqt | O'rtacha tezlik | Manba[73] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| milya | km / soat | |||||||
| Outright (all categories) | Peter Hickman | BMW S1000RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 16:42.778 | 135.452 | 217.989 | [1] |
| Superbike TT | Din Xarrison | Kavasaki | Metzeler | 2018 | 16:50.384 | 134.432 | 216.347 | [74] |
| Supersport TT | Maykl Dunlop | Honda CBR600RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 17:31.328 | 129.197 | 207.922 | [75] |
| Engil TT | Maykl Dunlop | Paton | 2018 | 18:26.543 | 122.750 | 197.547 | [76] | |
| Ultra-engil TT | Kris Palmer | Honda RS125 | 2004 | 20:20.87 | 110.52 | 177.86 | ||
| Katta TT | Peter Hickman | BMW S1000RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 16:42.778 | 135.452 | 217.989 | [77] |
| Superstock TT | Peter Hickman | BMW S1000RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 16:50.601 | 134.403 | 216.301 | [78] |
| TT Zero | Maykl Rutter | Mugen Shinden | 2019 | 18:34:172 | 121.91 | 196.20 | [79] | |
| Sidecar TT | Ben Birchall va Tom Birchall | Honda CBR Sidecar | Avon | 2018 | 18:59.018 | 119.250 | 191.914 | [80] |
Current race records
| Turkum | Laplar | Chavandoz (lar) | Mashina | Shinalar | Yil | Musobaqa vaqti | O'rtacha tezlik | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| milya | km / soat | |||||||
| Superbike TT | 6 | Maykl Dunlop | BMW S1000RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 01:44:13.398 | 130.324 | 209.736[74] |
| Supersport TT | 4 | Din Xarrison | Kawasaki ZX6-R | Metzeler | 2018 | 01:11:28.059 | 126.703 | 203.909[81] |
| Engil TT | 4 | Maykl Dunlop | Paton 650 | Metzeler | 2018 | 01:15:05.032 | 120.601 | 194.088[76] |
| Engil TT | 3 | Ivan Lintin | Kawasaki ER650 | Metzeler | 2015 | 57:06.070 | 118.936 | 191.409[82] |
| Katta TT | 6 | Peter Hickman | BMW S1000RR | 2018 | 01:43:08.065 | 131.700 | 211.951[77] | |
| Katta TT | 4 | Jon Makginness | Honda CBR1000RR | Dunlop | 2015 | 01:09:23.903 | 130.481 | 209.989 |
| Superstock TT | 4 | Peter Hickman | BMW S1000RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 01:08:49.976 | 131.553 | 211.714[78] |
| TT Zero | 1 | Maykl Rutter | Mugen Shinden | 2019 | 18:34.172 | 121.91 | 196.20[79] | |
| Sidecar TT | 3 | Ben Birchall va Tom Birchall | Honda CBR Sidecar | Avon | 2018 | 57:25.040 | 118.281 | 190.355[80] |
Poyga mukofotlari
Race winner trophies
| Musobaqa | Kubok | Chavandoz (lar) | Mashina | Shinalar | Yil | O'rtacha tezlik | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| milya | km / soat | ||||||
| Katta TT | Senior Tourist Trophy1 | Maykl Dunlop | Suzuki GSX-R1000 | Dunlop | 2017 | 130.456 | 209.949 |
| TT Superbike | TT Superbike Trophy | Maykl Dunlop | BMW S1000RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 130.324 | 209.736[74] |
| TT Superstock | John Hartle Trophy | Peter Hickman | BMW S1000RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 131.553 | 211.714[78] |
| TT Supersport Race 1 | Junior Tourist Trophy | Maykl Dunlop | Honda CBR600RR | Dunlop | 2018 | 126.027 | 202.821[75] |
| TT Supersport Race 2 | Classic TT Trophy | Yan Xatchinson | Yamaha YZF-R6 | Metzeler | 2016 | 125.905 | 202.624[83] |
| TT Lightweight | Lightweight TT Trophy | Maykl Rutter | Paton S1 | Dunlop | 2017 | 118.645 | 190.941 |
| TT Sidecar Race 1 | Fred W. Dixon Trophy | Ben Birchall va Tom Birchall | Honda CBR Sidecar | Avon | 2018 | 117.987 | 189.882[80] |
| TT Sidecar Race 2 | Sidecar TT Trophy | Ben Birchall and Tom Birchall | LCR Honda 600 cc | Avon | 2017 | 115.760 | 186.298 |
- ^1 Marquis de Mouzilly St Mars Trophy.
Fastest lap awards
| Musobaqa | Kubok | Chavandoz (lar) | Mashina | Yil | O'rtacha tezlik | Vaqt | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| milya | km / soat | ||||||
| Umuman olganda | Jimmi Simpson sovrini | Maykl Dunlop | Suzuki GSX-R1000 | 2017 | 132.903 | 213.887 | 17:02.009 |
| Katta TT | Norman Brown Trophy | Maykl Dunlop | Suzuki GSX-R1000 | 2017 | 132.903 | 213.887 | 17:02.009 |
| TT Superbike | John Williams Trophy | Din Xarrison | Kawasaki Ninja ZX-10R | 2018 | 134.432 | 216.347 | 16:50.384[1] |
| TT Superstock | Don Ryder Trophy | Peter Hickman | BMW S1000RR | 2018 | 134.403 | 216.301 | 16:50.601[78] |
| TT Supersport Race | Formula 2 TT Trophy | Peter Hickman | Zafarli Daytona 675 | 2017 | 126.848 | 204.142 | 17:50.792 |
| TT Sidecar Race | Jock Taylor Trophy | Ben Birchall va Tom Birchall | LCR Honda 600 Sidecar | 2017 | 117.119 | 188.485 | 19:19.746 |
Maxsus mukofotlar
| Mukofot | Kubok | Chavandoz (lar) | Mashina | Yil |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TT Solo Championship | Joey Dunlop Trophy | Yan Xatchinson | BMW S1000RR Yamaha YZF-R6 | 2016[84] |
| TT Privateer's Champion | TT Privateer's Champion | Daniel Xegarti | Kawasaki Ninja ZX-10R Kawasaki Ninja ZX-6R | 2016[84] |
| Overall Sidecar Championship | RAC Sidecar Trophy | John Holden and Endryu Uinkl | LCR Suzuki 600 cc | 2016[85] |
| Sidecar Passenger Championship | Craig Trophy | Endryu Uinkl | LCR Suzuki 600 cc | 2016[85] |
| Supersport Championship | TT Supporters' Club Trophy | Yan Xatchinson | Yamaha YZF-R6 | 2016 |
| Sidecar Chassis Championship | Fred Hanks Trophy | John Holden and Endryu Uinkl | LCR Suzuki 600 cc | 2016[85] |
| Newcomers Sidecar Driver Championship | Peter Chapman Trophy | Lionel Mansuy | Windle 600 cc | 2015 |
| Newcomers Sidecar Passenger Championship | Dave Wells Trophy | Matty Ramsden | LCR 600 cc | 2015 |
| Britaniyalik raqib Britaniya ishlab chiqaruvchisi | Joe Craig Trophy | Gay Martin | Triumph 675 cc | 2015 |
| Irish (North or South) solo competitor | Martin Finnegan Trophy | Maykl Dunlop | BMW S1000RR | 2016[84][86] |
| Isle of Man solo competitor | Gavin Lee Trophy | Konor Cummins | Honda CBR1000RR | 2016[86] |
Other Special awards
- Fastest Newcomer - The Vernon Cooper Trophy
Chavandoz (lar) Mashina Yil O'rtacha tezlik Vaqt milya km / soat Lukas Maurer Kawasaki 1000 sm 2019 123.645 198.987 18:18.529[87]
- Most Meritorious Female - The Susan Jenness Trophy is awarded yearly by the Executive Committee of the TT Supporters' Club, in recognition of the "most meritorious performance by a female competitor" during the previous TT meeting.[88]
Chavandoz (lar) Race Category Yil Jenni Tinmut solo competitor 2010 Fiona Baker-Milligan as passenger, Sidecar 600 cc 2011[89] Debbie Baron as driver, Ireson Kawasaki Sidecar 600 cc 2012[90] Estelle Leblond as driver, Sidecar 600 cc 2013[91] Estelle Leblond as driver, Sidecar 600 cc 2014[92] Fiona Baker-Milligan as passenger, Sidecar 600 cc 2015[93] Mariya Kostello solo competitor 2016[94] Estelle Leblond & Melanie Farnier Sidecar 600 cc 2018[95] Julie Canipa as passenger, Sidecar 600 cc 2018[96] (undecided) 2019
Ommaviy madaniyatda
"Riding in the TT Races" is a song written and sung by Jorj Formbi 1935 yilgi filmda Cheklov yo'q.
Shuningdek qarang
- Snaefell tog 'kursining nomlangan burchaklari ro'yxati
- Shimoliy G'arbiy 200
- Mototsikllar va mototsikllarning sxemasi
Galereya
 | Ba'zi rasm sarlavhalari ushbu maqolada tozalashni talab qilishi mumkin rioya qilish Vikipediya ko'rsatmalari. (Noyabr 2019) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling) |
Parlament maydoni, Ramsey on a race day in 2008]][asl tadqiqotmi? ]
Izohlar
Iqtiboslar
- ^ a b v "Isle of Man TT results: Peter Hickman becomes the world's fastest rider with record-breaking Senior TT victory". Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Limited. 2 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 3 iyun 2018.
Peter Hickman produces an astonishing record final lap to win the Senior TT at the Isle of Man TT to pip race-long leader Dean Harrison in one of the closest races ever seen.
- ^ Manks tajribasi. Man oroliga esdalik sovg'alari. page 66-67 Gordon N.Kniverton 8th edition The Manx Experience (1987) Mannin Publishing Ltd
- ^ Men oroli imtihonchisi page 2 12 November 1921
- ^ Here Is the News: A Chronicle of the 20th Century, Volume 1 page 78 Gordon N.Kniverton & Terry Cringle Manx Heritage Foundation (1999) The Manx Experience ISBN 9781873120460
- ^ Official Programme – International Auto-Cycle Tourist Trophy 28 May 1907 pages 1–3 The Auto-Cycle Club (1907). Reproduction (2007) Isle of Man Post Office
- ^ Xuber, Tim. "Everything You Need To Know About: The Isle of Man TT". RideApart.com.
- ^ 'Motor-Cycle pages 1 & 6 14 June 1972
- ^ a b KEH, ANDREW (7 June 2017). "Take a Lap in the World's Most Dangerous Race". Nyu-York Tayms. Olingan 26 oktyabr 2017.
- ^ a b DeGroot, Nick (5 June 2016). "Two fatalities in a single day rock the 2016 Isle of Man TT". Motorsport.com. Olingan 7 fevral 2017.
- ^ "38 Miles of Terror ", 09.08.03 – Sport Illustrated
- ^ Isle of Man's Big 3 Race Events : The Spectator Guide. TT (Tourist Trophy), Festival of Motorcycling (incorporating Manx Grand Prix), Southern 100 page 43 Trevor Barret (2014) Lily Publication ISBN 1907945237
- ^ {{Cite web|url=https://ultimatemotorcycling.com/2017/06/07/2017-isle-man-tt-three-riders-die-tt-crashes-lambert-hoek-bonner/%7Ctitle=3 Dead After 2017 Isle of Man TT Crashes: Lambert, Hoek, Bonner|date=7 June 2017|website=Ultimate Motorcycling}}
- ^ "Isle of Man Judgments Online". judgments.im.
- ^ "Isle of Man Judgments Online". judgments.im.
- ^ "Coronavirus: Isle of Man cancels TT races amid virus outbreak". bbc.co.uk/.
- ^ Island Racer 2004 pp 112–113 Mortons Media Group Ltd. ISBN 9780954244224
- ^ TT kashshoflari - Men orolidagi erta avtoulov poygasi by Robert Kelly p68 The Manx Experience (1996) The Alden Press ISBN No 1 873120 61 3
- ^ Motor tsikli pp545 dated 19 June 1905
- ^ Island Racer 2003 p89 Mortons Media Group Ltd ISBN 0954244222
- ^ 2015 International Tourist Trophy Regulations page 22 ACU Events Isle of Man Limited (2015) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development
- ^ 2015 International Tourist Trophy Regulations ACU Events Isle of Man Limited page 5 and page 58 Appendix A
- ^ 2015 International Tourist Trophy Regulations page 2 & Appendix C ACU Events Isle of Man Limited
- ^ International Tourist Trophy Regulations 2015 page 5/Appendix D page 34 ACU Events (Isle of Man) Limited (2015) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development
- ^ International Isle of Man TT Regulations 2012 page 41-42 Appendix-E ACU Events (Isle of Man) Ltd (2012) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development
- ^ 2019 Technical Regulations International Isle of Man Tourist Trophy page 131 & 135 Appendix E Lightweight TT Technical Regulations. ACU Events (Isle of Man) Limited (2019) Isle of Man Department of Economic Development.
- ^ Motocourse History of the Isle of Man TT Races 1907–1989 page 18-19 and 23 (Mick Woollett Technical Notes) Nick Harris © Hazelton Securities Ltd (1990) Graficas Esatalla SA ISBN 0-905138-71-6
- ^ TT mavzulari va ertaklari by David Wright – Amulree Publications (4 April 2006) ISBN 1901508099
- ^ 2010 International Tourist Trophy Regulations page 2 ACU Events Isle of Man Limited
- ^ TT ZERO - 2010 xalqaro sayyohlik kubogi - Man oroli 29 may - 11 iyun p27 ACU Events Ltd (2010)
- ^ "Tarix 2012 yilgi SES TT Zero-da tuzilgan". iomtt.com. 2012 yil 6-iyun. Olingan 24 may 2015.
- ^ 1947 TT races, overview IoM TT.com. Qabul qilingan 26 sentyabr 2015 yil
- ^ 1950 Clubman TT 1000 cc class results IoM TT.com. Qabul qilingan 26 sentyabr 2015 yil
- ^ a b Motor tsikli, 9 March 1967, pp.284–286 Roadsters on the Magic Lap. A Production-TT Recce in Manxland tomonidan Devid Dikson. Accessed 26 September 2015
- ^ 1956 Clubman TT Junior class results IoM TT.com. Qabul qilingan 26 sentyabr 2015 yil
- ^ 1956 Clubman TT Senior class results IoM TT.com. Qabul qilingan 26 sentyabr 2015 yil
- ^ 1963 Senior race results, Competitor Ray Knight, Hughes Triumph Arxivlandi 2016 yil 4 mart Orqaga qaytish mashinasi, Manx Grand Prix.Org official website, Retrieved 19 October 2015
- ^ 1964 Senior race results, Competitor Ray Knight, Hughes Triumph Arxivlandi 2016 yil 4 mart Orqaga qaytish mashinasi, Manx Grand Prix.Org official website, Retrieved 19 October 2015
- ^ Ray Knight, Competitor Profile, IoM TT.com official website, Retrieved 19 October 2015
- ^ Motor Cyclist Illustrated, January 1965, p.41 More Production racing. Accessed 19 October 2015
- ^ Guardian page 9 Wednesday 8 June 1927
- ^ Mona's Herald page 5 A SAFTEY MEASURE Wednesday 14 March 1928
- ^ TT maxsus Editor G.S. Davison page 4 TT HISTORY IS MADE Friday 11 June 1937
- ^ Manx Mustaqil - Manninagh Seyr pages 62 & 64 TT REVAMP WILL BRING BENEFITS TO ALL Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2019) Tindle Newspaper Group – Newsprint (Knowsley) Limited – Thursday 31 October 2019 ISSN 1358-4391 "The 101st edition of the Tourist trophy races will officially start one day later than normal next year on Sunday, May 31."
- ^ TT ROAD RACES 2019 ROADS CLOSED TO THE PUBLIC Isle of Man Department of Infrastructure -Rheynn Arraghey Bun-Troggalys Public Notice (2019)
- ^ Isle of Mann Government announces cancellation of 2020 TT Races Isle of Mann TT 16 March 2020
- ^ Yamaha keep travelling marshals on Road and Track iomtt.com, 29 May 2013. Retrieved 26 September 2020
- ^ TT yo'llarining yopilishi to'g'risida 2016 yil Qabul qilingan 1 iyun 2016 yil
- ^ TVIM, 2013 yil 28-avgust, Retrieved 12 December 2015
- ^ Sport va o'yinlarning Oksforddagi hamrohi Edited by John Arlott Oxford University Press (1975) pp. 669 ISBN 0-19-211538-3
- ^ "World's fastest way to die: Motorbike race that's killed 246".
- ^ Brown, Aaron (7 June 2017). "3 Riders Killed in Separate Incidents at 2017 Isle Of Man TT". Drayv. Olingan 13 iyun 2017.
- ^ Backus, Richard (March–April 2017), "ISLE OF MAN", Mototsikl klassikalari, 50-56 betlar
- ^ "Two more motorcyclists killed at Isle of Man TT races". Telegraf. 11 iyun 2016 yil. Olingan 20 fevral 2017.
- ^ Lieback, Ron (13 June 2016). "2016 Isle of Man TT Recap – Winners & Fatalities". Ultimate MotorCycling. Olingan 7 fevral 2017.
- ^ "World's fastest way to die: The most dangerous race on the planet". news.com.au. Olingan 20 fevral 2017.
- ^ "Two more deaths take Isle of Man TT Festival toll to five". express.co.uk. Olingan 20 fevral 2017.
- ^ Race results, Steve Mercer iomtt.com Retrieved 25 January 2020
- ^ a b Isle of Man TT outlines changes after Mercer course car collision Avtosport, 18 April 2019, Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ Isle of Man TT 2018: Injured Steve Mercer thanks fans for support BBC yangiliklari, 5 December 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ a b v TT organisers refuse to reveal contents of serious crash investigation BBC yangiliklari, 7 December 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ Stricken Isle of Man TT racer Steve Mercer says 'it can't end like this' Belfast axborot byulleteni, 9 April 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ a b Mercer crash report still unavailable one year on bikesportnews, 10 June 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ Derbyshire, Adrian (6 June 2018). "What we know so far about Mercer's crash". Bugungi kunda Man oroli. Tindle Newspapers Ltd. Olingan 26 yanvar 2020.
- ^ Newsdesk (31 May 2018). "Red flag procedure with immediate effect". Bugungi kunda Man oroli. Tindle Newspapers Ltd. Olingan 26 yanvar 2020.[doimiy o'lik havola ]
- ^ White, Kyle (18 June 2018). "TT 2018: Ex-Motorsport Association chief will lead independent inquiry into Steve Mercer incident". Yangiliklar maktubi. Johnston Publishing (NI). Olingan 26 yanvar 2020.
- ^ Steve Mercer denied access to official report into head-on collision at Isle of Man TT Belfast axborot byulleteni, 11 April 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ They won't even tell Mercer what went wrong iomtoday, 5 April 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ Steve Mercer's compensation claim in wake of TT course car crash 'must be heard in Isle of Man' Belfast axborot byulleteni, 29 August 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ ACU TT Statement Auto Cycle Union, 18 April 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2020
- ^ TT bosses outline safety changes following Mercer crash bikesportnews, 18 April 2019 Retrieved 27 January 2020
- ^ ACU official stands down in tracker row iomtoday.co.im, 6 September 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2020
- ^ "Competitor Analysis". Men oroli TT. Duke Marketing Limited. Olingan 3 iyun 2018.
- ^ Records reported are lap times achieved during races only. Except where otherwise noted, sourcing in this table is from the IOMTT.COM website: title=IOM TT: Current Isle of Man TT Lap Records
- ^ a b v "RST Superbike TT – Result Sheet" (PPDF ). Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Limited. 2 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 3 iyun 2018.
- ^ a b "Monster Energy Supersport TT 1 – Result Sheet" (PDF). Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Limited. 4 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 4 iyun 2018.
- ^ a b "Bennetts Lightweight TT – Result Sheet" (PDF). Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Limited. 8 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 8 iyun 2018.
- ^ a b "PokerStars Senior TT" (PDF). Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Ltd 8 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 8 iyun 2018.
- ^ a b v d "RL360 Superstock TT – Result Sheet" (PDF). Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Limited. 4 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 4 iyun 2018.
- ^ a b "Excellent stuff by @michaelrutter_ with a win at 121.9mph and @jm130tt 2nd at over 120mph and a top speed of 176mph o Sulby straight". 6 iyun 2019.
- ^ a b v "Locate.im Sidecar TT 2" (PDF). Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Limited. 8 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 8 iyun 2018.
- ^ "Monster Energy Supersport TT 2 – Result Sheet" (PDF). Monster Energy. 8 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 8 iyun 2018.
- ^ "2015 Bennetts Lightweight TT results" (PDF). IOMTT.COM.
- ^ "Monster Energy Supersport TT 2 – Result Sheet" (PDF). Men oroli TT. Duke Marketing Ltd. 8 June 2016. Olingan 11 iyun 2016.
- ^ a b v "Isle of Man TT: Hickman wins thriller, smashes lap record". Men oroli TT. Dyuk Marketing Ltd 8 iyun 2018 yil. Olingan 8 iyun 2018.
- ^ a b v "Birchalls on form in Sure Sidecar TT Race 2". Men oroli TT. Duke Marketing Ltd. 10 June 2016. Olingan 11 iyun 2016.
Holden/Winkle were secure in second and with the runners-up spot, they took the overall Sidecar Championship with Reeves/Farrance salvaging their TT race week with another podium.
- ^ a b "PokerStars Senior TT – Result Sheet" (PDF). Men oroli TT. Duke Marketing Ltd. 10 June 2016. Olingan 11 iyun 2016.
- ^ Senior TT – Isle of Man TT 25 May – 7 June 2019 Positions Lap Order page 6 Clerk of the Course Gary Thompson ACU Events Ltd (2019) Isle of Man Department for Enterprise
- ^ IoM TT.com, News, 28 December 2012 Olingan 14 sentyabr 2015 yil
- ^ TT News Race Edition #2 2012 page 20 Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2012) Bridson & Horrox Ltd
- ^ TT Supporters Club Magazine – Winter 2012 page 15 (2012) TT Supporters Club
- ^ TT News Race Edition #3 2014 page 23 Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2014) Bridson & Horrox Ltd
- ^ TT Supporters Club Magazine – Summer 2015 page 10 (2015) TT Supporters Club
- ^ TT Supporters Club Magazine – Winter 2015 page 13 (2015) TT Supporters Club
- ^ TT Supporters Club Magazine – Winter 2016 page 22 (2016) TT Supporters Club
- ^ TT Supporters Club Magazine – Summer 2018 page 17 (2018) TT Supporters Club
- ^ TT News Issue One 2019 page 27 25 May 2019 Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2019) Bridson & Horrox Ltd
Adabiyotlar
- Barker, Styuart (2007). 100 TT yilligi. EMAP ISBN 1-84605-235-1
- Dakvort, Mik (2007). TT 100 - Man orolining vakolatli tarixi sayyohlik kubogi poygasi. Lily nashrlari ISBN 9781899602674
- Xarris, Nik (1991). Motocourse tarixi: Man orolining sayyohlik kubogi musobaqalari 1907-1989 Hazelton nashriyoti ISBN 0-905138-71-6
- Mac McDiarmid (2004). TT ning sehri. Tog' ustidan yuz yillik poyga Xeyns nashriyoti. ISBN 1-84425-002-4
- Noyes, Denis (1999) 50 Years of Moto Grand Prix. Hazelton Publishing Ltd ISBN 1-874557-83-7
- Pidkok, Fred va Snelling, Bill (2007) Man Adasi Klubmenning TT poygalari tarixi 1947–1956. Amulree nashrlari ISBN 1-901508-10-2
- Savage, Mayk (1997) TT Heroes. Amulree nashrlari ISBN 0-9521126-9-8
- Snelling, Bill (1996). Bill Snelling tomonidan to'plangan eski fotosuratlardagi sayyohlik kubogi. Satton nashriyoti ISBN 1-84015-059-9
- Stroud, Jon (2007). TT ning kichik kitobi. Yashil soyabon nashriyoti ISBN 1-905828-24-1
- Rayt, Devid (2007). Men orolining 100 yilligi TT musobaqalari. Bir asr mototsikl poygasi. Crowood Press ISBN 1-86126-906-4
- Rayt, Devid (2006). TT mavzulari va ertaklari. Amulree nashrlari ISBN 1-901508-09-9
Tashqi havolalar
- Rasmiy veb-sayt tomonidan IoM Department for Enterprise
- Muqobil veb-sayt tomonidan Duke Marketing
- Man orolining marshruti TT (Google xaritalari )
- Mototsikl klassikalari article on the 100th anniversary of the Isle of Man TT
- Video of TT Access Road traffic TVIM
Koordinatalar: 54 ° 10′02 ″ N 4 ° 28′44 ″ V / 54.16722 ° N 4.47889 ° Vt