Pele - Pelé

Pele
Pele 1995 yilda
Tug'ilgan	Edson Arantes do Nascimento (1940-10-23) 1940 yil 23 oktyabr (80 yosh) Três Corações, Minas Gerais, Braziliya
Kasb	Futbolchi gumanitar
Balandligi	1,73 m (5 fut 8 dyuym)
Turmush o'rtoqlar	Rosemeri dos Reis Cholbi ​ ​ (m. 1966⁠–⁠1982)​ Assíria Lemos Seixas ​ ​ (m. 1994⁠–⁠2008)​ Marcia Aoki ​ (m. 2016)​
Hamkor (lar)	Xuxa Meneghel (1981–1986)
Bolalar	7 (1 marhum)
Ota-ona (lar)	João Ramo do Nascimento Celeste Arantes
Assotsiatsiya futbol karerasi O'ynash pozitsiyasi Oldinga Hujumkor yarim himoyachi Yoshlik faoliyati 1953–1956 Bauru Katta martaba * Yillar Jamoa Ilovalar (Gls) 1956–1974 Santos 496 (504) 1975–1977 Nyu-York kosmos 64 (37) Jami 560 (541) Terma jamoa 1957–1971 Braziliya 92 (77) Hurmat Erkaklar Futbol Vakil  Braziliya FIFA Jahon chempionati G'olib 1958 yil Shvetsiya G'olib 1962 yil Chili G'olib 1970 yil Meksika Amerika Kubogi Ikkinchi o'rin egasi 1959 yil Argentina * Katta klublarning o'yinlari va gollari faqat ichki ligada hisobga olinadi
1-chi Sport vaziri
Ofisda 1995 yil 1 yanvar - 1998 yil 1 may
Prezident	Fernando Anrike Kardoso
Oldingi	Ofis tashkil etildi
Muvaffaqiyatli	Rafael Greca (1999)

Edson Arantes do Nascimento (Braziliyalik portugalcha:[ˈƐtsõ (w) ɐˈɾɐ̃tʃiz du nɐsiˈmẽtu]; sifatida tanilgan, 23 oktyabr 1940 yilda tug'ilgan) Pele ([peˈlɛ]), braziliyalik sobiq professional futbolchi kim o'ynagan oldinga. Barcha zamonlarning eng zo'r o'yinchilaridan biri sifatida qaralganda, u 20-asrning eng muvaffaqiyatli va mashhur sport namoyandalari qatoriga kirgan. O'yin kunlari davomida Pele dunyodagi eng ko'p maosh oladigan sportchi bo'ldi.

1999 yilda Pele ovoz berdi Asrning jahon futbolchisi tomonidan Xalqaro futbol tarixi va statistikasi federatsiyasi (IFFHS), va ikkala qo'shma g'oliblardan biri edi FIFA asrning eng yaxshi o'yinchisi mukofot. O'sha yili Pele tomonidan asrning sportchisi etib saylandi Xalqaro Olimpiya qo'mitasi va tarkibiga kiritilgan Vaqt ro'yxati 20-asrning eng muhim 100 kishisi. Ga ko'ra IFFHS, Pele 560 uchrashuvda 541 gol bilan barcha davrlarning eng muvaffaqiyatli to'purari.^[1] Uning o'rtoqlik uchrashuvlarini o'z ichiga olgan 1363 o'yinda jami 1279 ta gol a Ginnesning Rekordlar kitobi.^[2]

Pele o'ynay boshladi Santos 15 yoshida va Braziliya terma jamoasi 16. Xalqaro faoliyati davomida u uchta g'alaba qozondi FIFA Jahon chempionatlari: 1958, 1962 va 1970, buni qilgan yagona futbolchi bo'lish. Pele bu eng yaxshi to'purar 92 o'yinda 77 gol bilan Braziliya uchun. Klub darajasida u "Santos" eng yaxshi to'purar va ularni 1962 va 1963 yil Libertadores kubogi. "Iborasini bog'lash bilan mashhurGo'zal o'yin "futbol bilan Pele" elektrlashtiradigan o'yin va ajoyib gollarga moyilligi "uni butun dunyo bo'ylab yulduzga aylantirdi va jamoalari uning mashhurligidan to'liq foydalanish uchun xalqaro miqyosda gastrol safarlarida bo'lishdi. 1977 yilda nafaqaga chiqqanidan beri Pele butun dunyo bo'ylab futbol bo'yicha elchi hisoblanadi va ko'plab aktyorlik va tijorat sohalarida ish olib borgan, 2010 yilda u mamlakatning faxriy prezidenti deb nomlangan Nyu-York kosmos.

Faoliyati davomida har bir o'yinda o'rtacha gol urgan Pele raqibining maydondagi harakatlarini oldindan bilishdan tashqari, to'pni ikkala oyog'i bilan zarba berishga usta edi. Asosan hujumchi bo'lsa-da, u chuqur tushib, a ni qabul qilishi mumkin pleymeykerlik roli, uning ko'rish qobiliyati va qobiliyatini oshirishda yordam beradi va u ham undan foydalanadi dribling o'tgan raqiblardan o'tish qobiliyatlari. Braziliyada u futboldagi yutuqlari va kambag'allarning ijtimoiy sharoitlarini yaxshilaydigan siyosatni ochiqchasiga qo'llab-quvvatlagani uchun uni milliy qahramon sifatida tan olishadi. Faoliyati davomida va nafaqaga chiqqanida Pele ushbu sohadagi faoliyati, rekord yutuqlari va sportdagi merosi uchun bir nechta individual va jamoaviy mukofotlarga sazovor bo'ldi.

Dastlabki yillar

Tug'ilgan Três Corações 1940 yilda Pelening shaharda uning nomidagi ko'chasi bor - Rua Edson Arantes do Nascimento. Pele haykali ham shahar markaziga yaqin maydonchada ko'zga ko'ringan.

Pele Edson Arantes do Nascimento 1940 yil 23 oktyabrda tug'ilgan Três Corações, Minas Gerais, Braziliya, o'g'li Fluminense futbolchi Dondinyo (tug'ilgan João Ramos do Nascimento) va Celeste Arantes. U ikkita aka-ukaning oqsoqoli edi.^[3] Unga amerikalik ixtirochi nomi berilgan Tomas Edison.^[4] Uning ota-onasi "i" ni olib tashlashga va "Edson" deb chaqirishga qaror qilishdi, ammo tug'ilish to'g'risidagi guvohnomada xatolik yuz berdi, chunki ko'plab hujjatlarda uning ismini u "Edson" emas, "Edison" deb ko'rsatishga olib keldi.^[4][5] Dastlab unga oilasi "Diko" laqabini bergan.^[3][6] U "Pele" taxallusini maktab davrida, sevimli mahalliy futbolchining ismini talaffuz qilganligi sababli berilganligi da'vo qilinganida olgan. Vasko da Gama darvozabon Bile, uni noto'g'rilab qo'ydi, lekin u shikoyat qilgani sayin shuncha qolib ketdi. O'zining tarjimai holida Pele bu ism nimani anglatishini va eski do'stlarini ham bilmasligini aytdi.^[3] Ism Bilening ismidan olingan va u shunday ekanligi haqidagi da'volardan tashqari Ibroniycha "mo''jiza" (ֶlala) uchun bu so'z ma'lum ma'noga ega emas Portugal.^{[1-eslatma][7]}

Pele qashshoqlikda o'sgan Bauru holatida San-Paulu. U choy do'konlarida xizmatchi bo'lib ishlab qo'shimcha pul ishlab topdi. U otasi tomonidan o'ynashni o'rgatgan, u to'g'ri futbolga ega bo'la olmagan va odatda gazeta bilan to'ldirilgan paypoq bilan yoki ip yoki greyfurt bilan bog'langan.^[8][3] U yoshligida bir nechta havaskor jamoalarda o'ynagan, shu jumladan Sete de Setembro, Canto do Rio, San-Paulinyova Amerquinha.^[9] Pele olib bordi Bauru Atletik Klubi o'spirinlar (murabbiy Valdemar de Brito ) ikkitaga San-Paulu davlat yoshlar chempionati.^[10] O'smirlik yoshida u "Radium" deb nomlangan yopiq futbol jamoasida o'ynagan. Yopiq futbol Bauruda endigina ommalashib ketgan edi, Pele uni o'ynashni boshladi. U birinchilardan edi Futebol de Salão (yopiq futbol) mintaqadagi musobaqa. Pele va uning jamoasi birinchi chempionlikni qo'lga kiritdi va yana bir qancha.^[11]

Pelening so'zlariga ko'ra, yopiq futbol qiyin muammolarni keltirib chiqardi; u maysazorda futbolga qaraganda ancha tezroq bo'lganini va maydonda hamma bir-biriga yaqin bo'lgani uchun futbolchilar tezroq o'ylashlari kerakligini aytdi. Pele yopiq futbolni joyida yaxshiroq o'ylashga yordam bergani uchun akkreditatsiyadan o'tkazdi. Bundan tashqari, yopiq futbol unga 14 yoshida kattalar bilan o'ynashga imkon berdi. U ishtirok etgan turnirlarning birida dastlab u o'ynash uchun juda yosh deb hisoblangan, ammo oxir-oqibat o'n to'rt yoki o'n besh gol bilan to'purarga aylandi. "Bu menga katta ishonch bag'ishladi", - dedi Pele, "men nima bo'lishidan qo'rqmasligimni bilar edim".^[11]

Klub faoliyati

Santos

1956 yilda de Brito Peleni olib ketdi Santos yaqinida joylashgan sanoat va port shahri San-Paulu, professional klubni sinab ko'rish Santos FK, "Santos" direktorlariga 15 yoshli yigit "dunyodagi eng buyuk futbolchi" bo'lishini aytdi.^[12] Pele Santos murabbiyini hayratda qoldirdi Lula da sud jarayonida Estádio Vila Belmiro va u 1956 yil iyun oyida klub bilan professional shartnoma imzoladi.^[13] Pele bo'lajak super yulduz sifatida mahalliy ommaviy axborot vositalarida yuqori darajaga ko'tarildi. U katta jamoadagi debyutini 1956 yil 7 sentyabrda 15 yoshida qarshi o'yinda o'tkazgan "Korintians" Santo Andre va 7: 1 hisobidagi g'alabada ta'sirchan ko'rsatkichlarga ega bo'lib, o'yin davomida samarali faoliyatidagi birinchi golni urdi.^[14][15]

1957 yilgi mavsum boshlanganda Pele asosiy tarkibda boshlang'ich o'rinni egallab oldi va 16 yoshida chempionatning eng yaxshi to'purariga aylandi. Professional ravishda imzolaganidan keyin o'n oy o'tgach, o'spirin chaqirildi Braziliya terma jamoasi. Keyin 1958 va 1962 yilgi jahon chempionati, kabi Evropaning boy klublari Real Madrid, "Yuventus" va "Manchester Yunayted",^[16] bekorga unga imzo chekishga urindi; 1958 yilda "Inter" hatto unga muntazam shartnoma tuzishga muvaffaq bo'ldi, ammo Anjelo Moratti "Santos" ning braziliyalik muxlislari qo'zg'olonidan so'ng "Santos" raisining iltimosiga binoan shartnomani buzishga majbur bo'ldi.^[17] 1961 yilda Braziliya hukumati Prezident davrida Janio Quadros Peleni mamlakat tashqarisiga olib chiqilishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun uni "rasmiy milliy xazina" deb e'lon qildi.^[8][18]

Pele, Santos bilan Gollandiyada, 1962 yil oktyabr

Pele 1958 yilda "Santos" bilan birinchi katta unvoniga sazovor bo'ldi, chunki jamoa g'alaba qozondi Campeonato Paulista; Pele 58 gol bilan musobaqani eng yaxshi to'purar sifatida yakunlaydi,^[19] bugungi kunda qayd etilgan rekord. Bir yil o'tgach, u jamoada birinchi g'alabasini qo'lga kiritishda yordam beradi Torneio Rio-San-Paulu Vasko da Gama ustidan 3-0 bilan.^[20] Biroq, Santos Paulista unvonini saqlab qololmadi. 1960 yilda Pele 33 ta gol urib, jamoasiga Campeonato Paulista kubogini qaytarib olishga yordam berdi, ammo 8-o'rinni egallab, Rio-San-Paulu turnirida yutqazdi.^[21] 1960 yilgi mavsumda Pele 47 ta gol urdi va «Santos» ga Campeonato Paulistani qaytarib olishga yordam berdi. Klub g'oliblikni qo'lga kiritdi Taça Brasil o'sha yili urib Baia finalda; Pele 9 gol bilan turnir to'purari sifatida yakunlandi. G'alaba "Santos" ga Libertadores kubogi, G'arbiy yarim sharning eng nufuzli klub turniri.^[22]

"Santos" ning Libertadores kubogidagi eng muvaffaqiyatli mavsumi boshlandi 1962;^[24] jamoa birinchi guruhga qo'shildi Cerro Porteño Boliviyaning Deportivo munitsipal jamoasi o'z guruhidagi har bir o'yinda g'alaba qozondi, ammo bitta (safarda Cerroga qarshi 1: 1 hisobi). "Santos" yarim finalda "Universidad Católica" ni mag'lub etdi va o'zaro to'qnash keldi amaldagi chempionlar Peñarol finalda. Pele pley-off o'yinida ikkita gol urib, Braziliya klubi uchun birinchi unvonni qo'lga kiritdi.^[25] Pele to'rtta gol bilan musobaqaning ikkinchi eng yaxshi to'purari sifatida yakunlandi. O'sha yili Santos Campeonato Paulista (Pelening 37 ta goli bilan) va Taça Brasilni (Pele "Botafogo" ga qarshi so'nggi seriyada to'rtta gol urgan) muvaffaqiyatli himoya qiladi. "Santos" ham g'alaba qozonadi 1962 yil qit'alararo kubok qarshi "Benfika".^[26] Uning kiyimi 10-raqamli ko'ylak, Pele o'z faoliyatidagi eng yaxshi ko'rsatkichlardan birini ishlab chiqardi, a xetrik Lissabonda Santos 5: 2 hisobida g'alaba qozondi.^[27][28]

Qarama-qarshilik oldidan tasvirlangan Pele "Boka Xuniors" ning ikkinchi oyog'ida 1963 yil Libertadores kubogi finali da La Bombonera Buenos-Ayresda. U eng yaxshi gol muallifi Santos FK

Amaldagi chempion sifatida Santos avtomatik ravishda yarim final bosqichiga yo'l oldi 1963 yil Libertadores kubogi. The balet blanko, Pele uchun Santosga berilgan laqab, g'alaba qozonganidan so'ng unvonni saqlab qolishga muvaffaq bo'ldi Botafogo va "Boka Xuniors". Pele Santosga Braziliya kabi buyuklar ishtirok etgan Botafogo jamoasini engishga yordam berdi Garrincha va Jairzinyo 1: 1 hisobida g'alaba qozongan yarim finalning birinchi o'yinida so'nggi daqiqada urilgan gol bilan. Ikkinchi o'yinda Pele xet-trik qayd etdi Estadio-do-Marakana Santos ikkinchi o'yinda 0: 4 hisobida g'alaba qozondi. "Santos" so'nggi seriyani birinchi o'yinda 3: 2 hisobida g'alaba qozonish va "Boka Xuniors" ni 1: 2 hisobida mag'lub etish bilan boshladi. La Bombonera. Bu rasmiy musobaqalarda kamdan-kam uchraydigan yutuq edi, yana bir gol Pele tomonidan urildi.^[29] Santos Argentina tuprog'ida Libertadores kubogini ko'targan birinchi (va shu kungacha yagona) Braziliya jamoasi bo'ldi. Pele turnirni 5 ta gol bilan yakunladi. "Santos" uchinchi o'rinni egallab, Campeonato Paulista-ni yo'qotdi, ammo 0: 3 hisobidagi g'alabadan so'ng Rio-San-Paulu turnirida g'olib chiqdi. Flamengo finalda Pele bitta gol urgan. Pele, shuningdek, "Santos" ga qit'alararo kubokni va "Taça Brasil" ga qarshi bahsni saqlab qolishda yordam beradi Milan va Baia navbati bilan.^[26]

In 1964 yil Libertadores kubogi, "Santos" yarim finalning ikkala oyog'ida kaltaklandi Independiente. Pele 34 ta gol urgan holda, klub Campeonato Paulista g'olibiga aylandi. Santos shuningdek, Rio-San-Paulu chempionligini Botafogo bilan bo'lishdi va ketma-ket to'rt yil Taça Brasilda g'olib bo'ldi. In 1965 yil Libertadores kubogi, Santos yarim finalga chiqdi va 1962 yilgi finalning qayta o'yinida Penyarol bilan uchrashdi. Ikki o'yindan so'ng, durangni buzish uchun pley-off kerak edi.^[30] 1962 yildan farqli o'laroq, Peñarol birinchi o'ringa chiqdi va "Santos" ni 2: 1 hisobidan chiqarib yubordi.^[30] Ammo Pele sakkizta gol bilan musobaqaning eng yaxshi to'purari sifatida yakunlanadi.^[31] Bu pasayishning boshlanishi bo'ldi, chunki "Santos" Torneio Rio-San-Paulu ni saqlab qola olmadi. 1966 yilda Pele va Santos ham Tasa Brasilni saqlab qololmadilar, chunki Pelening gollari 9-4 hisobidagi mag'lubiyatning oldini olish uchun etarli emas edi. Kruzeyro (boshchiligidagi Tostao ) so'nggi seriyada. Ammo klub 1967, 1968 va 1969 yillarda Campeonato Paulista g'olibligini qo'lga kiritdi. 1969 yil 19 noyabrda Pele barcha musobaqalardagi 1000-golini urdi, bu Braziliyada kutilgan daqiqalar edi. Maqsad, dublyaj qilingan O Milésimo (Minginchi), Vasko da Gamaga qarshi o'yinda, Pele Marakana stadionida penaltidan gol urganida.^[32]

Pelening ta'kidlashicha, uning eng esda qolarli goli urilgan Rua Javari stadioni Campeonato Paulista-ning San-Paulu raqibi Clube Atlético Yuventus-ga qarshi 1959 yil 2-avgustda bo'lib o'tgan uchrashuvda. Ushbu o'yinda videofilmlar yo'qligi sababli, Pele ushbu aniq maqsadda kompyuter animatsiyasini yaratishni iltimos qildi.^[33] 1961 yil mart oyida Pele gol urdi gol de placa (nishonga loyiq gol), qarshi Fluminense Marakanada.^[34] Pele o'z jarima maydonchasi yonida to'pni qabul qilib oldi va raqib futbolchilarini chetlab o'tib, maydon bo'ylab harakat qildi. fintlar, to'pni darvozabondan tashqariga urishdan oldin.^[34] "Marakana tarixidagi eng chiroyli gol" ga bag'ishlangan plakat topshirildi.^[35]

1969 yilda ikki fraktsiya Nigeriya fuqarolar urushi 48 soatlik ishlashga rozi bo'ldi sulh ular Pelening o'ynashini tomosha qilishlari mumkin edi ko'rgazma o'yini yilda Lagos. "Santos" Lagosning "Statsionar do'konlari" FK bilan 2: 2 hisobida durang o'ynadi va Pele jamoasining gollarini urdi. Ushbu o'yindan keyin fuqarolar urushi yana bir yil davom etdi.^[36] Santosda bo'lgan vaqtida Pele ko'plab iqtidorli futbolchilar bilan birga o'ynagan, shu jumladan Zito, Pepe va Koutino; ikkinchisi unga bir nechta ikkita o'yinlarda, hujumlarda va gollarda sherik bo'ldi.^[37]

Nyu-York kosmos

Pele imzolaydi futbol AQSh prezidenti uchun Richard Nikson qo'shilishidan ikki yil oldin, 1973 yilda Oq uyda Nyu-York kosmos

1974 yilgi mavsumdan so'ng ("Santos" tarkibidagi 19-chi) Pele Braziliya klubi futbolidan iste'foga chiqdi, ammo vaqti-vaqti bilan "Santos" safida rasmiy raqobatlashadigan o'yinlarda qatnashishni davom ettirdi. Ikki yil o'tgach, u bilan imzolash uchun yarim pensiyadan chiqdi Nyu-York kosmos ning Shimoliy Amerika futbol ligasi Uchun (NASL) 1975 yilgi mavsum.^[38] Nyu-Yorkdagi tartibsiz matbuot anjumanida 21 klub, Kosmos Peleni ochib berdi. Klubning matbuot vakili Jon O'Rayli "Bizda AQShda superyulduzlar bo'lgan, ammo Pele darajasida hech narsa yo'q edi. Hamma unga tegishni, qo'lini silkitishni, u bilan suratga tushishni xohlardi", dedi.^[39] Bu davrda o'zining yoshi o'tgan bo'lsa ham, Pele jamoatchilikning AQShda ushbu sport turiga bo'lgan qiziqishi va qiziqishini sezilarli darajada oshirgan.^[40] Bostonda birinchi jamoatchilik oldida chiqish paytida u atrofni o'rab olgan va zambilda evakuatsiya qilingan ko'plab muxlislar tomonidan jarohatlangan.^[41]

Pele "Kosmos" bilan birinchi o'yinini o'tkazish uchun maydonga tushdi, 1975 yil 15 iyun

Pele "Kosmos" tarkibidagi debyutini 1975 yil 15 iyunda Dallas Tornado Dauning stadionida, 2: 2 hisobidagi durangda bitta gol urdi.^[42] Pele Shimoliy Amerikada ko'plab boshqa yulduzlar uchun eshikni ochdi. Giorgio Chinaglia unga ergashib, keyin Kosmos tomon yo'l oldi Frants Bekkenbauer va uning sobiq Santos jamoadoshi Karlos Alberto. Keyingi bir necha yil ichida ligaga boshqa futbolchilar ham kelishdi, shu jumladan Yoxan Kroyff, Eusebio, Bobbi Mur, Jorj Best va Gordon Banks.^[40]

1975 yilda, undan bir hafta oldin Livan fuqarolar urushi, Pele Livan klubi uchun o'rtoqlik o'yini o'tkazdi Nejme jamoasiga qarshi Livan Premer-ligasi yulduzlar,^[43] uning rasmiy hisobiga kiritilmagan ikkita gol urish.^[44][45] O'yin kuni 40 ming tomoshabin erta tongdanoq o'yinni tomosha qilish uchun stadionda edi.^[43]

Xuddi shu kabi xabardorlikni oshirishga umid qilaman Dominika Respublikasi, u va "Kosmos" jamoasi qarshi ko'rgazma o'yinida o'ynashdi Gaiti jamoa, Violett AC, ichida Santo Domingo Olimpiya stadioni 1976 yil 3-iyun kuni 25000 dan ortiq muxlislar uning o'yinning so'nggi soniyalarida g'alaba golini urishini kuzatib, "Kosmos" ni 2: 1 hisobidagi g'alabaga olib keldi.^[46] U Kosmosni 1977 yil NASL chempionati, klubdagi uchinchi va so'nggi mavsumida.^[47]

1977 yil iyun oyida Kosmos NASL rekordini 62394 nafar muxlisni jalb qildi Giants stadioni o'tgan g'alaba uchun 3: 0 Tampa Bay Rowdies 37 yoshli Pele xet-trik qayd etgani bilan. Chorak finalning birinchi o'yinida ular 77.891 kishidan iborat AQShning rekord olomonini jalb qilishdi va 8-3 marotaba marshrutga aylanishdi. Fort Lauderdale Strikers Giants stadionida. Ga qarshi yarim final javob uchrashuvida Rochester Lancers, Kosmos 4: 1 hisobida g'alaba qozondi.^[40] Pele "Nyu-York Kosmos" ni birinchi marta "Bowling Bowl" unvoniga sazovor qilgan holda rasmiy futbolchilik faoliyatini yakunladi. Sietl Sounders Oregon shtatidagi Portlend shahridagi Fuqarolik stadionida.^[48]

1977 yil 1 oktyabrda Pele "Kosmos" va "Santos" o'rtasidagi ko'rgazma o'yinida faoliyatini yakunladi. Uchrashuv Giants stadionida sotilgan odamlar oldida bo'lib o'tdi va AQShda ABC telekanali orqali namoyish etildi Sportning keng olami butun dunyoda bo'lgani kabi. Uchrashuvda Pelening otasi va rafiqasi ham ishtirok etishdi Muhammad Ali va Bobbi Mur.^[49] O'yin boshlanishidan oldin tomoshabinlarga xabar yuborish - "Sevgi biz hayotda olishimiz mumkin bo'lgan narsadan muhimroq" - Pele birinchi bo'limni "Kosmos" bilan, ikkinchisini "Santos" bilan o'ynadi. O'yin "Cosmos" ning 2: 1 hisobidagi g'alabasi bilan yakunlandi, Pele "Cosmos" ning 30 yard jarima zarbasi bilan gol urishi bilan karerasidagi so'nggi maqsad bo'ldi. Ikkinchi bo'limda yomg'ir yog'a boshladi, shu sababli Braziliya gazetasi ertasi kuni: "Hatto Osmon ham yig'lab yubordi" sarlavhasi bilan chiqdi.^[50]

Xalqaro martaba

Pelening birinchi xalqaro uchrashuvi 2: 1 hisobidagi mag'lubiyat bo'ldi Argentina 1957 yil 7 iyulda Marakana shahrida.^[51][52] Ushbu uchrashuvda u Braziliya tarkibidagi 16 yoshu to'qqiz oylikdagi birinchi golini urdi va u o'z mamlakatining eng yosh to'purari bo'lib qolmoqda.^[53][54]

1958 yilgi jahon chempionati

Pele (10-raqam) uchta shved futbolchisidan o'tib ketdi 1958 yilgi jahon chempionati

Pele tizzasidan olgan jarohati tufayli Shvetsiyaga etib keldi, ammo davolanish xonasidan qaytgach, hamkasblari birga turishdi va uning tanlovini talab qilishdi.^[55] Uning birinchi o'yini SSSR birinchi davra uchinchi o'yinida 1958 FIFA Jahon chempionati, u erda Vavaning ikkinchi goliga golli pas berdi.^[56] O'sha paytda u Jahon chempionatida ishtirok etgan eng yosh futbolchi edi.^{[2-eslatma][52]} Qarshi Frantsiya yarim finalda Braziliya tanaffusda 2: 1 hisobida oldinda edi, keyin esa Pele a gol urdi xetrik, Jahon kubogi tarixidagi eng yosh bo'lgan.^[58]

17 yoshli Pele darvozabonning yelkasida yig'laydi Gilmar Braziliya g'alaba qozonganidan keyin 1958 yilgi Jahon chempionati finali

1958 yil 29 iyunda Pele Jahon chempionati final uchrashuvida qatnashgan eng yosh futbolchi 17 yil va 249 kun ichida. U ikkita gol urdi o'sha final Braziliya mag'lub bo'lganidek Shvetsiya 5–2 poytaxt Stokgolmda. Pele darvozaga zarba berdi va keyin Vava ikkita gol urib, Braziliyani oldinga olib chiqdi. Oldin u to'pni himoyachi ustidan silkitib qo'ygan birinchi gol voleybol darvozasiga Jahon chempionati tarixidagi eng yaxshi gollardan biri sifatida tanlandi.^[59] Pelening ikkinchi golidan so'ng shved futbolchisi Sigvard Parling keyinchalik izoh beradi; "Pele o'sha finalda beshinchi golni urganida, men chin dildan aytishim kerakki, men olqishlagandek his qildim".^[60] Uchrashuv tugagach, Pele maydonda o'zini yo'qotib qo'ydi va uni Garrincha qayta tikladi.^[61] Keyin u sog'ayib ketdi va g'alaba uni jamoadoshlari tomonidan tabriklanayotganda yig'lashga majbur qildi. U to'rtta o'yinda oltita gol urib, ikkinchi o'ringa tenglashib, rekordchidan ortda qoldi Faqat Fonteyn va musobaqaning eng yaxshi yosh o'yinchisi deb topildi.^[62]

Aynan 1958 yilgi Jahon chempionatida Pele 10-raqamli formani kiyishni boshlagan edi. Ushbu tadbir tartibsizlikning natijasi edi: Braziliya Federatsiyasi rahbarlari futbolchilarning futbolka raqamlarini ajratmagan va FIFA 10-raqamni tanlashi kerak edi ushbu uchrashuvda zaxira o'yinchisi bo'lgan Pele uchun ko'ylak.^[63] Matbuot Peleni 1958 yilgi Jahon chempionatining eng katta vahiysi deb e'lon qildi va unga orqaga qaytarilgan holda kumush to'p turnirning ikkinchi eng yaxshi futbolchisi sifatida berildi Didi.^[60]

Janubiy Amerika chempionati

Pele ham o'ynagan Janubiy Amerika chempionati. In 1959 yilgi musobaqa u musobaqaning eng yaxshi o'yinchisi deb topildi va 8 ta gol bilan eng yaxshi to'purar bo'ldi, chunki Braziliya musobaqada mag'lubiyatsiz bo'lishiga qaramay ikkinchi o'rinni egalladi.^[60][64] U Braziliyaning oltita o'yinidan beshtasida, shu jumladan ikkita golga mualliflik qildi Chili va qarshi xet-trik Paragvay.^[65]

1962 yilgi jahon chempionati

Pele Braziliyani Italiyani qabul qilib oladi Jovanni Trapattoni da San-Siro, 1963 yilda Milan

Qachon 1962 yilgi jahon chempionati Pele dunyodagi eng yaxshi reytingga ega bo'lgan futbolchi bo'ldi.^[66] 1962 yilgi Jahon chempionatining birinchi o'yinida Chili, qarshi Meksika, Pele birinchi golga assistentlik qildi, so'ng to'rtinchi himoyachidan o'tib ketgandan so'ng, ikkinchi golni urdi va 2: 0 hisobida yuqoriga ko'tarildi.^[67] U keyingi o'yinda uzoq masofadan zarba berishga urinayotganda o'zini jarohatladi Chexoslovakiya.^[68] Bu uni boshqa turnirdan chetlashtirishi va majburiy murabbiy bo'lishi mumkin edi Aymoré Moreira turnirning yagona tarkibini o'zgartirishi uchun. O'rinbosar bo'ldi Amarildo, qolgan turnirda kim yaxshi natija ko'rsatdi. Biroq, shunday bo'ldi Garrincha Santyagodagi finalda Chexoslovakiyani mag'lubiyatga uchratganidan keyin kim etakchi rolni o'ynaydi va Braziliyani ikkinchi jahon chempioni unvoniga olib chiqadi.^[69]

1966 yilgi Jahon chempionati

Pele davomida dunyodagi eng taniqli futbolchi bo'lgan 1966 yilgi Jahon chempionati Angliyada va Braziliya kabi ba'zi jahon chempionlarini maydonga tushirishdi Garrincha, Gilmar va Djalma Santos kabi boshqa yulduzlarning qo'shilishi bilan Jairzinyo, Tostao va Gerson, ular uchun katta kutishlarga olib keladi.^[70] Braziliya atigi uchta o'yin o'tkazib, birinchi davrada chetlatilgandi.^[70] Jahon chempionati, boshqa narsalar qatori, Pelening bolgariyalik va portugaliyalik himoyachilar tomonidan jarohatlanishiga olib kelgan qo'pol qoidabuzarliklari uchun ham belgilandi.^[71]

Pele jarima zarbasidan birinchi golni urdi Bolgariya, ketma-ket uchta FIFA Jahon chempionatlarida gol urgan birinchi futbolchiga aylandi, ammo jarohati tufayli bolgarlarning doimiy qo'polligi natijasida u ikkinchi o'yinni o'tkazib yubordi Vengriya.^[70] Uning murabbiyi birinchi o'yindan so'ng "har bir jamoa unga xuddi shunday g'amxo'rlik qilishini" his qilganini aytdi.^[71] Braziliya o'sha o'yinda mag'lubiyatga uchradi va Pele hali ham o'ziga kelayotgan bo'lsa-da, so'nggi hal qiluvchi uchrashuvga qaytarildi Portugaliya da Goodison Park braziliyalik murabbiy tomonidan Liverpulda Visente Feola. Feola butun himoyani, shu qatorda darvozabonni ham o'zgartirdi, yarim himoyada esa u birinchi o'yin shakllanishiga qaytdi. O'yin davomida Portugaliya himoyachisi João Morais Pelega nisbatan qo'pollik ishlatdi, ammo hakam uni maydondan chetlatmadi Jorj Makkeyb; bu qaror retrospektiv ravishda jahon chempionatlari tarixidagi eng yomon hakamlar xatolaridan biri sifatida qaraldi.^[72] O'yinning qolgan qismida Pele maydonda oqsoqlanib qolishi kerak edi, chunki o'sha paytda zaxira o'yinchilariga ruxsat berilmagan edi.^[72] Ushbu o'yindan keyin u yana Jahon chempionatida o'ynamasligiga va'da berib, qarorini keyinchalik o'zgartiradi.^[66]

1970 yilgi jahon chempionati

Pele savdo kartasi dan Meksika 70 tomonidan chiqarilgan seriyalar Panini

1969 yil boshida Pele terma jamoaga chaqirildi, u avvaliga rad etdi, ammo keyin qabul qilib oltitasida o'ynadi Jahon chempionati saralashi oltita gol urgan o'yinlar.^[73] The 1970 yilgi jahon chempionati Meksikada Pelening so'nggi bo'lishi kutilgan edi. Braziliyaning turnirdagi tarkibida 1966 yilgi tarkibga nisbatan katta o'zgarishlar yuz berdi. Garrincha, Nilton Santos, Valdir Pereyra, Djalma Santos va Gilmar kabi futbolchilar allaqachon nafaqaga chiqishgan edi. Biroq Braziliyaning 1970 yildagi Jahon chempionati tarkibida Pele kabi futbolchilar bor edi. Rivelino, Jairzinyo, Gerson, Karlos Alberto Torres, Tostao va Klodoaldo, ko'pincha tarixdagi eng buyuk futbol jamoasi deb hisoblanadi.^[74][75]

Mario Zagallo, Braziliyaning 1970 yilgi murabbiyi, Pele bilan 2008 yilda. Zagallo Pele haqida shunday degan edi: "Shvetsiyadagi bola [1958 yilgi jahon chempionati] daho alomatlarini ko'rsatdi va Meksikada [1970 yilgi jahon chempionati] u bu va'dalarning barchasini bajardi va kitobni oltin bilan yopdi. Va men barchasini yaqindan ko'rish sharafiga muyassar bo'ldim. "^[76]

Jairzinyo, Pele, Gerson, Tostao va Rivelinoning oldingi beshligi birgalikda hujum sur'atini yaratdi, Braziliya finalga yo'l olishida Pele asosiy rol o'ynadi.^[77] Braziliyaning turnirdagi barcha o'yinlari (finaldan tashqari) bo'lib o'tdi Gvadalaxara, va birinchi o'yinda qarshi Chexoslovakiya, Pele Gersonning uzoq uzatmasini ko'kragi bilan boshqarib, so'ngra gol urib, Braziliyani 2: 1 hisobida oldinga olib chiqdi. Ushbu o'yinda Pele darvozabonni qo'riqlashga urindi Ivo Viktor yarim yo'l chizig'idan, faqat Chexoslovakiya darvozasini ozgina yo'qotdi.^[78] Braziliya 4: 1 hisobida g'alaba qozondi. Uchrashuvning birinchi bo'limida Angliya, Pele deyarli Angliya posboni qutqarib qolgan bosh bilan darvozani ishg'ol qildi Gordon Banks. Pele to'pni boshi bilan tepganida u allaqachon "Gol" deb baqirayotganini esladi. Uni ko'pincha "asrni tejash" deb atashgan. ^[79] Ikkinchi bo'limda u to'pni silkitmasdan oldin Tostaodan uzatmani nazorat qildi Jairzinyo yagona golni kim urdi.^[80]

Qarshi Ruminiya, Pele ikkita gol urdi, Braziliya esa yakunda 3: 2 hisobida g'alaba qozondi. Chorak finalda Peru, Braziliya 4: 2 hisobida g'alaba qozondi, Pele Braziliyaning uchinchi goli uchun Tostoga yordam berdi. Yarim final o'yinida Braziliya to'qnash keldi Urugvay dan beri birinchi marta 1950 yilgi Jahon chempionatining so'nggi tur uchrashuvi. Jairzinyo Braziliyani 2: 1 hisobida oldinga olib chiqdi, Pele esa 3: 1 hisobida Rivelinoga yordam berdi. O'sha o'yin davomida Pele qildi uning eng mashhur pyesalaridan biri.^[78] Urugvay darvozaboni to'pni to'plash uchun Tostão Pelega to'p uzatdi Ladislao Mazurkievich to'pni Pelening oldiga etkazish uchun uni payqab oldi va chiziqdan yugurib ketdi. Biroq, Pele birinchi bo'lib u erga etib bordi va Mazurkievichni a bilan aldadi fint to'pga tegmasdan, uni chap darvozabonlarga ag'darib yuborish orqali, Pele esa darvozabonlarning oldiga bordi. To'pni qaytarib olish uchun Pele darvozabon atrofida yugurib chiqdi va darvoza tomon burilayotganda zarba berdi, ammo u zarba berayotganda haddan tashqari o'girildi va to'p uzoq darvoza tomon shunchaki aylanib o'tdi.^[81]

Braziliya o'ynadi Italiya ichida final da Azteka stadioni Mexiko shahrida.^[82] Pele italiyalik himoyachidan ustun kelganidan keyin bosh bilan darvozani ishg'ol qildi Tarcisio Burgnich. Braziliyaning Jahon chempionatidagi 100-goli, Pelening jamoadoshi Jairzino qo'lida quvonch bilan sakrashi golni nishonlash Jahon chempionati tarixidagi eng taniqli daqiqalardan biri sifatida qaralmoqda.^[83] Keyin u Braziliyaning Jairzinyo tomonidan urilgan uchinchi goliga golli pas berdi va to'rtinchisi yakunladi Karlos Alberto. O'yinning so'nggi goli ko'pincha hamma vaqtdagi eng buyuk gol deb hisoblanadi, chunki unda jamoaning ikkitadan tashqari maydon tashqarisidagi futbolchilari qatnashgan. Pele Karl Albertoning yugurish trayektoriyasiga kirib borgan holda ko'r-ko'rona uzatma berganidan keyin o'yin avjiga chiqdi. U orqadan yugurib kelib, gol urish uchun to'pga zarba berdi.^[84] Uchrashuvda Braziliya 4-1 hisobida g'alaba qozondi Jyul Rimet kubogi cheksiz, va Pele oldi Oltin to'p musobaqa o'yinchisi sifatida.^[60][85] Final paytida Peleni belgilab qo'ygan Burgnichning so'zlari "Men o'yindan oldin o'zimga aytdim, u ham boshqalar singari teri va suyaklardan yasalgan - lekin men xato qildim ".^[86] O'zining maqsadlari va 1970 yilgi Jahon chempionatidagi golli uzatmalariga kelsak, Pele butun turnir davomida Braziliyaning 53% gollariga bevosita javobgar edi.^[87]

Pelening so'nggi xalqaro uchrashuvi 1971 yil 18 iyulda bo'lib o'tgan Yugoslaviya Rio-de-Janeyroda. Pele maydonga tushganida Braziliya jamoasining rekord ko'rsatkichi 67 g'alaba, 14 durang va 11 mag'lubiyatdir.^[73] Braziliya Peleni ham, Garrinchani ham maydonga tushirayotganda hech qachon mag'lub bo'lmagan.^[88]

O'yin uslubi

Pele dribling uchun o'ynab, himoyachidan o'tib ketgan Braziliya, 1960 yil may

Pele "" iborasini bog'lash bilan ham tanilganGo'zal o'yin "futbol bilan.^[89] Muvaffaqiyatli to'purar, u mintaqadagi raqiblarini oldindan ko'ra bilishi va ikki oyog'i bilan aniq va kuchli zarba bilan imkoniyatni tugatishi bilan mashhur edi.^[90][91][92] Pele, shuningdek, mehnatsevar jamoa o'yinchisi va aniq hujumkorligi va jamoadoshlari bilan bog'lanib, ularni ta'minlash qobiliyati bilan ajralib turadigan g'ayrati va aqlliligi bilan ajralib turadigan to'liq hujumchi edi. yordam beradi.^[93][94][95]

Dastlabki karerasida u turli o'yinlarda o'ynagan hujum pozitsiyalari. Garchi u odatda asosiy sifatida jarima maydonchasi ichida ishlagan bo'lsa hujumchi yoki markaz oldinga, uning ko'nikmalarining keng doirasi, shuningdek, unga ko'proq tortib olingan rolda o'ynashga imkon berdi ichida oldinga yoki ikkinchi hujumchi, yoki tashqarida keng.^[78][93][96] Keyingi karerasida u yanada chuqurroq ish tutdi pleymeykerlik hujumchilar orqasidagi roli, ko'pincha hujumkor yarim himoyachi.^[97][98] Pelening noyob o'yin uslubi tezlikni, ijodkorlikni va texnik mahoratni jismoniy kuch, chidamlilik va sport bilan birlashtirdi. Uning ajoyib texnikasi, muvozanati, epchilligi, epchilligi va dribling mahorati unga raqibni to'p bilan mag'lub etishga imkon berdi va tez-tez uning yo'nalishni keskin o'zgartirib ishlatganini ko'rdi. fintlar o'tmishdagi o'yinchilarni olish uchun, masalan, uning savdo belgisi harakati, dahshatli da vaka.^[78][96][99] Uning imzo harakatlaridan yana biri bu edi paradinhayoki ozgina to'xtash.^{[3-eslatma][100]}

Uning nisbatan kichik bo'yiga qaramay, 5 fut 8 dyuym (1.73 m),^[101] Sarlavhaning aniqligi, vaqti va balandligi tufayli u havoda ustun edi.^{[91][94][99][102]} Uning uchun mashhur egilish u ham aniq edi jarima zarbasi oluvchi va jarima taker, garchi u tez-tez penaltilar seriyasidan voz kechgan bo'lsa-da, buni gol urishning qo'rqoq usuli deb bilgan.^[103][104]

Pele shuningdek xaritmatik etakchisi va maydondagi sport mahorati bilan ajralib turadigan adolatli va juda ta'sirli futbolchi sifatida tanilgan edi. Uning iliq quchog'i Bobbi Mur 1970 yilgi Jahon chempionatidagi Braziliya va Angliya o'yinidan keyin sport mahoratining timsoli sifatida qaralmoqda The New York Times "bu ikki buyuk futbolchining bir-biriga bo'lgan hurmatini saqlab qoldi. Ular formalar, teginishlar va tashqi ko'rinishlar bilan almashishganda, ular orasidagi sport mahorati hammasi rasmda. Peledan shodlik, musht urish yo'q. Umidsiz, mag'lubiyat yo'q. Bobbi Murdan. "^[105] Shuningdek, Pele muhim uchrashuvlarda hal qiluvchi gollarni urish istagi tufayli tez-tez jamoalari uchun hal qiluvchi futbolchi sifatida tanildi.^{[106][107][108]}

Qabul qilish va meros

20-asrning eng muvaffaqiyatli va mashhur sport namoyandalari orasida^[109] Pele futbol tarixidagi eng maqtovga sazovor bo'lgan futbolchilardan biri va tez-tez eng yaxshi futbolchi sifatida tan olingan.^{[110][111][112]} Uning zamondoshlari orasida Gollandiyalik yulduz Yoxan Kroyff aytilgan; "Pele mantiq chegaralarini oshib o'tgan yagona futbolchi edi."^[23] Braziliyaning 1970 yilgi Jahon chempionatida g'olib bo'lgan sardori Karlos Alberto Torres fikr bildirdi; "Uning buyuk sirlari - bu improvizatsiya. U qilgan ishlari bir zumda edi. U o'yinni g'ayrioddiy idrok etardi."^[23] Tostao, 1970 yilgi Jahon chempionatida uning ish tashlash hamkori; "Pele eng buyuk edi - u shunchaki beg'ubor edi. Maydon tashqarisida u doimo tabassum va ko'ngli baland. Siz uni hech qachon yomon xulqli ko'rmaysiz. U Pele bo'lishni yaxshi ko'radi."^[23] Uning braziliyalik jamoadoshi Klodoaldo u guvoh bo'lgan maqtovga izoh berdi; "Ba'zi mamlakatlarda unga tegmoqchi edilar, ba'zilarida uni o'pishni xohladilar. Ba'zilarida hatto u yurgan erni ham o'pdilar. Men uni chiroyli, shunchaki chiroyli deb o'yladim."^[23]

Pele barcha zamonlarning eng buyuk futbolchisi. U 20 yil davomida hukmronlik qildi. U bilan taqqoslaydigan hech kim yo'q.

— G'arbiy Germaniyaning 1974 yilgi Jahon chempionatida g'olib bo'lgan sardori Frants Bekkenbauer.^[60]

Sobiq "Real" va Vengriya yulduzi Ferents Pushkas aytilgan; "Tarixdagi eng buyuk futbolchi bu edi Di Stefano. Men Peleni futbolchi deb tasniflashdan bosh tortaman. U bundan yuqori edi. "^[23] Faqat Fonteyn, Frantsuz hujumchisi va 1958 yilgi jahon chempionatining eng yaxshi to'purari; "Pelening o'ynashini ko'rganimda, bu menga butsalarni osib qo'yishim kerakligini his qildi."^[23] Angliyaning 1966 yilgi Jahon chempionatida g'olib bo'lgan sardori Bobbi Mur "Pele men ko'rgan eng to'liq o'yinchi edi, u hamma narsaga ega edi. Ikkita yaxshi oyoq. Havodagi sehr. Tez. Kuchli. Odamlarni mahorat bilan mag'lub etdi. Odamlarni ortda qoldirdi. Faqat besh fut va sakkiz dyuym balandlikda, Ammo u maydonda bir sportchining gigantiga o'xshab ko'rinardi, mukammal muvozanat va ko'zga ko'rinmas ko'rinish. U eng zo'r edi, chunki u hamma narsani va hamma narsani futbol maydonida bajarishi mumkin edi. Saldanxa murabbiyni eng yaxshi darvozabon bo'lgan braziliyalik jurnalist so'raganini eslayman. Uning tarkibida. U Pele dedi. Erkak istalgan pozitsiyada o'ynashi mumkin ".^[91] "Manchester Yunayted" ning sobiq hujumchisi va Angliyaning 1966 yilgi Jahon chempionatida g'olib chiqqan "Sir" jamoasining a'zosi Bobbi Charlton aytilgan; "Men ba'zan o'zimni xuddi shu sehrli o'yinchi uchun futbol ixtiro qilgandek his qilaman."^[23] 1970 yilgi Jahon chempionati paytida, "Manchester Yunayted" himoyachisi bo'lganida Paddy Crerand (kimning qismi bo'lgan ITV panel) so'raldi; "Peleni qanday yozasiz?", Deb javob qildi u javob bilan; "Oson: G-O-D".^[23]

Taqdirlar

1969 yilda Pelening 1000-golini nishonlagan Braziliya pochta markasi

Peleni nafaqaga chiqqanidan beri ham futbolchilar, murabbiylar, jurnalistlar va boshqalar maqtashda davom etmoqda. Braziliyalik hujumkor yarim himoyachi Ziko 1978, 1982 va 1986 FIFA Jahon kubogida Braziliya vakili bo'lgan; "Asr o'yinchisi haqidagi bu munozara bema'ni. Javobning birgina iloji bor: Pele. U barcha zamonlarning eng zo'r o'yinchisi, va men uni qo'shib qo'yaman".^[60] Frantsiya uch karra "Oltin to'p" sohibi Mishel Platini dedi; "U erda Pele odam, keyin Pele o'yinchi bor. Peledek o'ynash Xudo kabi o'ynash demakdir." Qo'shma FIFA asrning eng yaxshi o'yinchisi, Argentinaning 1986 yilgi Jahon chempionatida g'olib bo'lgan sardori Diego Maradona aytilgan; "Hech qachon til topishmaganimiz juda yomon, ammo u ajoyib futbolchi edi".^[60] Braziliyalik serhosil hujumchi Romario, g'olibi 1994 FIFA Jahon chempionati va musobaqa o'yinchisi; "Men Pelega qarashim muqarrar. U biz uchun Xudoga o'xshaydi".^[60] Besh martalik FIFA "Oltin to'p" g'olib Krishtianu Ronaldu "Pele futbol tarixidagi eng buyuk o'yinchi va u erda faqat bitta Pele bo'ladi", dedi Xose Mourino, UEFA Chempionlar Ligasining ikki karra g'olibi menejeri izoh berdi; "Menimcha, u futbol. Sizda eng asosiysi - janob Pele."^[113] "Real Madrid" faxriy prezidenti va sobiq futbolchi, Alfredo Di Stefano, opined: "Hozirning eng yaxshi futbolchisi? Pele. Lionel Messi Krishtianu Ronaldu - har ikkisi ham o'ziga xos xususiyatlarga ega bo'lgan ajoyib futbolchilar, ammo Pele yaxshiroq edi ".^[114]

Pele kiygan Kosmos '№ 10. Raqam uning sharafiga nafaqaga chiqarilgan.

Pele the taqdimoti Lureusning umr bo'yi yutuqlari mukofoti, Janubiy Afrikaning sobiq prezidenti Nelson Mandela dedi; "Uning o'ynashini tomosha qilish - bu insonning g'ayrioddiy inoyati bilan to'la birlashib, bolalarning zavqlanishini ko'rish edi."^[115] AQShlik siyosatchi va siyosatshunos Genri Kissincer "Har qanday sport turidagi yuqori darajadagi ko'rsatkich odatdagi inson miqyosidan oshib ketishi kerak. Ammo Pelening ishlashi oddiy yulduz ko'rsatkichidan qanchalik ustun bo'lsa, shunchaki oddiy yulduzning ko'rsatkichidan ustundir."^[116] Jurnalist uning shon-sharafi Iso bilan taqqoslanadimi yoki yo'qligini so'raganidan so'ng, Pele: "Dunyoda shunday joylar borki, Iso Masih u qadar tanilmagan".^[86]

1999 yilda Xalqaro futbol tarixi va statistikasi federatsiyasi (IFFHS) Pele the ga ovoz berdi Asrning jahon futbolchisi. Xuddi shu yili Xalqaro Olimpiya qo'mitasi uni asr sportchisi etib sayladi. 1999 yilda, Vaqt jurnali Peleni ulardan biri deb nomlagan 20-asrning eng muhim 100 kishisi. O'yin kunlari davomida Pele dunyodagi eng ko'p maosh oladigan sportchi bo'lgan.^[117] Pele "elektrlashtiradigan o'yin va ajoyib gollarga moyilligi" uni butun dunyo yulduziga aylantirdi. Uning mashhurligidan to'liq foydalanish uchun uning jamoalari xalqaro miqyosda gastrol safarlarida bo'lishdi.^[90] Faoliyati davomida u "Qora marvarid" (Perola Negrasi), "Futbol qiroli" (Ey Rei do Futebol), "Pele qirol" (Ey Rei Pele) yoki shunchaki "Qirol" (Ey Rei).^[8] 2014 yilda shahar Santos Pele muzeyini ochdi - Museu Pele - unda Pele yodgorliklarining 2400 dona to'plami namoyish etilgan.^[118] XIX asrning qasrida joylashgan muzey qurilishiga taxminan 22 million dollar sarmoya kiritildi.^[119]

Pele muzeyiga yosh mehmonlar, 2014 yilda ochilgan, yilda Santos, Braziliya

2014 yil yanvar oyida Pele birinchi mukofot bilan taqdirlandi FIFA "Oltin to'p" yoki "Honor" Jahon futboliga qo'shgan hissasi uchun ushbu sportni dunyo boshqaruvchi kengashining e'tirofi sifatida.^[120] 1995 yilda qoidalarni o'zgartirgandan so'ng, France Football 2015 yilda bu mukofotni ular uchun ochiq bo'lgan taqdirda, 1956 yildan buyon yutib yuboradigan futbolchilarni keng tahlil qildi - yil "Oltin to'p" mukofot boshlandi. Ularning tadqiqotlari shuni ko'rsatdiki, Pele mukofotni yetti marta qo'lga kiritgan (Oltin to'p: Le nouveau palmarès). Biroq, asl qabul qiluvchilar o'zgarmagan holda qoladilar.^[121]

According to the RSSSF, Pelé is one of the most successful goal-scorers in the world, scoring 541 league goals in 560 games (IFFHS recognized them as top division in 2006), a total of 767 in 831 official games and a grand total of 1281 goals in 1367 appearances during his professional senior career, which included friendlies and tour games. He's ranked the third leading scorer in football history in both official and total matches. After his retirement in 1977 he played eight exhibition games and scored three goals.^[122]

Shaxsiy hayot

Aloqalar va bolalar

Amaliyot Katolik, Pelé donated a signed jersey to Papa Frensis. Accompanied with a signed football from Ronaldu, it is located in one of the Vatikan muzeylari.^[123]

Pelé has married three times, and has had several affairs, producing several children.

On 21 February 1966, Pelé married Rosemeri dos Reis Cholbi.^[124] They had two daughters and one son: Kelly Cristina (born 13 January 1967), who married Dr. Arthur DeLuca, Jennifer (b. 1978), and their son Edson ("Edinho", b. 27 August 1970). Er-xotin 1982 yilda ajrashgan.^[125] In May 2014, Edinho was jailed for 33 years for laundering money from drug trafficking.^[126] On appeal the sentence was reduced to 12 years and 10 months.^[127]

From 1981 to 1986, Pelé was romantically linked with TV presenter Xuxa, which was influential in launching her career. She was 17 when they started dating.^[128] In April 1994, Pelé married psychologist and xushxabar singer Assíria Lemos Seixas, who gave birth on 28 September 1996 to twins Joshua and Celeste through fertility treatments. Er-xotin 2008 yilda ajrashgan.^[129]

Pelé had at least two more children from former affairs. Sandra Machado, who was born from an affair Pelé had in 1964 with a housemaid, Anizia Machado, fought for years to be acknowledged by Pelé, who refused to submit to DNK testlar.^{[130][131][132]} Although she was recognized by courts as his biological daughter based on DNA evidence in 1993, Pelé never acknowledged his eldest daughter even after her death in 2006, nor her two children, Octavio and Gabriel.^[131][132] Pelé also had another daughter, Flávia Kurtz, in an extramarital affair in 1968 with journalist Lenita Kurtz. Flávia was recognized by him as his daughter.^[130]

At the age of 73, Pelé announced his intention to marry 41-year-old Marcia Aoki, a Japanese-Brazilian importer of medical equipment from Penapolis, São Paulo, whom he had been dating from 2010. They first met in the mid-1980s in New York, before meeting again in 2008.^[133] They married in July 2016.^[134]

Siyosat

In 1970, Pelé was investigated by the Braziliya harbiy diktaturasi gumon qilinganlar uchun chap hamdardlik. Declassified documents showed Pelé was investigated after being handed a manifesto calling for the release of political prisoners. Pelé himself did not get further involved within political struggles in the country.^[135]

In 1976, Pelé was on a Pepsi -sponsored trip in Lagos, Nigeria, when that year's attempted military coup bo'lib o'tdi. Pelé was trapped in a hotel together with Artur Ashe and other tennis pros, who were participating in the interrupted 1976 yil Lagos WCT turnir. Pelé and his crew eventually left the hotel to stay at the residence of Brazil's ambassador as they couldn't leave the country for a couple of days. Later the airport was opened and Pelé left the country disguised as a pilot.^[136][137]

In June 2013, he was criticized in public opinion for his conservative views.^[138][139] Davomida Braziliyadagi 2013 yilgi norozilik namoyishlari, Pelé asked for people to "forget the demonstrations" and support the Brazil national team.^[140]

Sog'liqni saqlash

In 1977, Brazilian media reported that Pelé had his right buyrak olib tashlandi.^[141] In November 2012, Pelé underwent a successful hip operation.^[142] In December 2017, Pelé appeared in a wheelchair at the 2018 World Cup draw in Moscow where he was pictured with Russian President Vladimir Putin va Diego Maradona.^[143] A month later he collapsed from exhaustion and was taken to hospital.^[143] In 2019, after a hospitalisation because of a siydik yo'li infektsiyasi, Pelé underwent surgery to remove buyrak toshlari.^[144] In February 2020 his son Edinho reported that Pelé was unable to walk independently and reluctant to leave home, ascribing his condition to a lack of rehabilitation following his hip operation.^[145]

Ommaviy imidj

Pelé is known for frequently referring to himself in the third person.^[146][147]

Futboldan keyin

Pelé at the White House on 10 September 1986, with U.S. President Ronald Reygan and Brazil President Xose Sarney

In 1994, Pelé was appointed a YuNESKOning ezgu niyatli elchisi.^[148] In 1995, Brazilian President Fernando Anrike Kardoso appointed Pelé to the position of Extraordinary Minister for Sport. During this time he proposed legislation to reduce corruption in Brazilian football, which became known as the "Pele qonuni."^[149] The Brazilian President had eliminated the post of Sports Minister in 1998.^[150] In 2001 Pele was accused of involvement in a corruption scandal that stole $700,000 from UNICEF. It was claimed that money given to Pelé's company for a benefit match was not returned after it was cancelled, although nothing was proven, and it was denied by UNICEF.^[151][152] In 1997, he received an honorary ritsarlik qirolichadan Yelizaveta II marosimida Bukingem saroyi.^[153] Pelé also helped inaugurate the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals, supermodel bilan bir qatorda Klaudiya Shiffer.^[75]

Pelé, Brazil's Extraordinary Minister for Sport, with US President Bill Klinton in Rio de Janeiro, 15 October 1997

In 1993, Pelé publicly accused the Brazilian football administrator Rikardo Teyshera of corruption after Pelé's television company was rejected in a contest for the Brazilian domestic rights to the 1994 World Cup.^[154] Pelé accusations led to an eight-year feud between the pair.^[155] As a consequence of the affair, the FIFA prezidenti, João Havelange banned Pelé from the draw for the 1994 FIFA World Cup in Las Vegas. Criticisms over the ban were perceived to have negatively affected Havelange's chances of re-election as FIFA's president in 1994.^[154]

Pelé has published several autobiographies, starred in documentary films, and composed musical pieces, including the film uchun soundtrack Pele 1977 yilda.^[156] He appeared in the 1981 film G'alabaga qochish, haqida Ikkinchi jahon urushi -era football match between Allied prisoners of war and a German team. Pelé starred alongside other footballers of the 1960s and 1970s, with actors Maykl Keyn va Silvestr Stallone.^[157] in 1969, Pelé starred in a telenovela called Os Estranhos, about first contact with aliens. It was created to drum up interest in the Apollon missiyalari.^[158] In 2001, had a cameo role in the satire film, Mike Bassett: England Manager.^[159] Pelé was asked to participate in the 2006 ESPN documentary film Once in a Lifetime: The Extraordinary Story of the New York Cosmos, but declined when the producers refused to pay his requested $100,000 fee.^[160]

Pelé at the Jahon iqtisodiy forumi in Switzerland, 2006

In November 2007, Pelé was in Sheffild, England to mark the 150th anniversary of the world's oldest football club, Sheffield F.C.^[161] Pelé was the guest of honour at Sheffield's anniversary match against "Inter" da Bramal-Leyn.^[161] O'zining tashrifi doirasida Pele ko'rgazmani ochdi, unda 40 yil ichida futbolning asl yozma qoidalarining asl jamoat namoyishi bo'lib o'tdi.^[161] Pelé scouted for Premer-liga klub "Fulxem" 2002 yilda.^[162] He made the draw for the qualification groups for the 2006 yilgi FIFA Jahon chempionati finallar.^[163] On 1 August 2010, Pelé was introduced as the Honorary President of a revived Nyu-York kosmos, aiming to field a team in Futbol bo'yicha oliy liga.^[164] In August 2011, ESPN reported that Santos were considering bringing him out of retirement for a epizodik rol ichida 2011 FIFA klublar o'rtasidagi jahon chempionati, although this turned out to be false.^[165]

Brazil President Lula and Pelé in commemoration of 50 years since the first World Cup title won by Brazil in 1958, da Palasio do Planalto, 2008

The most notable area of Pelé's life since football is his ambassadorial work. In 1992, he was appointed a UN ambassador for ecology and the environment.^[166] He was also awarded Brazil's gold medal for outstanding services to the sport in 1995. In 2012, Pelé was awarded an honorary degree from the Edinburg universiteti for "significant contribution to humanitarian and environmental causes, as well as his sporting achievements".^[167]

In 2009, Pelé assisted the Rio de Janeiro bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics. In July 2009 he spearheaded the Rio 2016 presentation to the Afrika milliy olimpiya qo'mitalari assotsiatsiyasi General Assembly in Abuja, Nigeria.^[168]

On 12 August 2012, Pelé was an attendee at the 2012 Olympic hunger summit hosted by UK Prime Minister Devid Kemeron da Dauning ko'chasi, 10-uy, London, part of a series of international efforts which have sought to respond to the return of hunger as a high-profile global issue.^[169][170] Later on the same day, Pelé appeared at the yopilish marosimi ning 2012 Yozgi Olimpiada in London, following the handover section to the next host city for the 2016 Yozgi Olimpiada, Rio-de-Janeyro.^[171]

Pelé with Vladimir Putin at the opening of the Confederations Cup 2017 in Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya

In March 2016, Pelé filed a lawsuit against Samsung Electronics ichida Illinoysning Shimoliy okrugi uchun AQSh sudi seeking US$30 million in damages claiming violations under the Lanxem qonuni for false endorsement and a state law claim for violation of his right of publicity.^[172] The suit alleged, that at one point Samsung and Pelé came close to entering into a licensing agreement for Pelé to appear in a Samsung advertising campaign. Samsung abruptly pulled out of the negotiations. The October 2015 Samsung ad in question, included a partial face shot of a man who allegedly "very closely resembles" Pelé and also a superimposed high-definition television screen next to the image of the man featuring a "modified bicycle or scissors-kick", often used by Pelé.^[172]

Hurmat

Santos

• Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (6): 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1968^[173]
• Libertadores kubogi (2): 1962, 1963^[25][174]
• Qit'alararo kubok (2): 1962, 1963^[175]
• Qit'alararo superkubok: 1968^[175]
• Campeonato Paulista (10): 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1973^{[4-eslatma][177]}
• Torneio Rio-San-Paulu (4): 1959, 1963, 1964, 1966^{[5-eslatma][163]}

Nyu-York kosmos

• Shimoliy Amerika futbol ligasi, Futbol kubogi: 1977^[179]
• Shimoliy Amerika futbol ligasi, Atlantic Conference Championship: 1977^[179]

Braziliya

• FIFA Jahon chempionati (3): 1958, 1962, 1970^[180]

Unoffical titles

• Taça do Atlântico: 1960^[181]
• Roka kubogi (2): 1957, 1963^[182][183]
• Taça Osvaldo Kruz (3): 1958, 1962, 1968^[73][184]
• Bernardo O'Higgins Cup: 1959^[185]

Shaxsiy

In December 2000, Pelé and Maradona shared the prize of FIFA asrning eng yaxshi o'yinchisi tomonidan FIFA.^[186] The award was originally intended to be based upon votes in a web poll, but after it became apparent that it favoured Diego Maradona, many observers complained that the Internet nature of the poll would have meant a skewed demographic of younger fans who would have seen Maradona play, but not Pelé. FIFA then appointed a "Family of Football" committee of FIFA members to decide the winner of the award together with the votes of the readers of the FIFA jurnal. The committee chose Pelé. Since Maradona was winning the Internet poll, however, it was decided he and Pelé should share the award.^[187]

• Libertadores kubogi Eng yaxshi to'purar: 1965^[188]
• Qit'alararo kubok Eng yaxshi to'purar (2): 1962, 1963^{[189][190][191]}
• Campeonato Brasileiro Série A Eng yaxshi to'purar (3): 1961, 1963, 1964^[192]
• Campeonato Paulista Top Scorer (11): 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1969, 1973^[163]
• Torneio Rio-San-Paulu Top Scorer: 1963^[193]
• Bola de Prata: 1970^[194]
• FIFA World Cup Best Young Player: 1958^[62]
• FIFA Jahon kubogining kumush to'pi: 1958
• FIFA World Cup Golden Ball (Best Player): 1970^[60]
• Janubiy Amerika chempionati Eng yaxshi o'yinchi: 1959^[64]
• Janubiy Amerika chempionati Eng yaxshi to'purar: 1959^[65]
• FIFA Ballon d'Or Prix d'Honneur: 2013^[195]
• World Player of the Century, by the IFFHS: 1999^[196][197]
• South American player of the century, by the IFFHS: 1999^[196][197]
• Elected best Brazilian player of the century, by the IFFHS: 2006^[198]
• France Football "s "Oltin to'p" (7): 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1970 – Le nouveau palmarès (the new winners)^[121][199]
• FIFA asrning eng yaxshi o'yinchisi: 2000^[60]
• FIFAning xizmatlari uchun: 1984^[200]
• FIFA Centennial Award: 2004^[201]
• FIFA 100 Greatest Living Footballers: 2004^[202]
• G'olib France Football's World Cup Top-100 1930–1990^[203]
• Bi-bi-sining xorijdagi sport shaxsi: 1970^[204]
• BBCning "Yilning eng yaxshi sport shaxsi" hayoti davomida yutuqlari mukofoti: 2005^[205]
• Lureusning umr bo'yi yutuqlari mukofoti: 2000^[206]
• Greatest football player to have ever played the game, tomonidan Oltin oyoq: 2012^[207]
• Athlete of the Century, by Reuters News Agency: 1999^[208]
• Athlete of the Century, elected by Xalqaro Olimpiya qo'mitasi: 1999^[209]
• Janubiy Amerikaning yil futbolchisi: 1973^[210]
• Football Player of the Century, elected by France Football "s "Oltin to'p" Winners: 1999^[211]
• Inducted into the American Milliy futbol shon-sharaf zali: 1992^[201]
• 20-asrning jahon jamoasi: 1998^[212]
• TIME: One of the 20-asrning eng muhim 100 kishisi: 1999^[213]
• World Soccer Greatest XI of All Time: 2013^[214]
• FWA Tribute mukofoti: 2018^[215]
• Ga kiritilgan Shimoliy Amerika futbol ligasi (NASL) All-Star team (3): 1975, 1976, 1977^[216]
• Raqam 10 nafaqaga chiqqan tomonidan Nyu-York kosmos as a recognition to his contribution to the club: 1977^[217][218]
• Elected Citizen of the World, by the United Nations: 1977^[219]
• Elected Goodwill Ambassador, by YuNESKO: 1993^[219]

Buyurtmalar

• Knight of the Order of Rio Branco: 1967^[220]
• Britaniya imperiyasi ordeni ritsar qo'mondoni (honorary knighthood): 1997^[221]
• Elected Commander of the Order of Rio Branco after scoring the thousandth goal: 1969^[219]
• Awarded with the Cross of the Order of the Republic of Hungary: 1994^[219]
• Awarded the FIFA Order as a tribute to his 80 years as a sports institution: 1984^[219]
• Awarded with the Order of Merit of South America, by CONMEBOL: 1984^[219]
• Awarded with the Order of Champions, by the Organization of Catholic Youth in the USA: 1978^[219]
• He was awarded the National Order of Merit, by the government of Brazil: 1991^[219]
• Olympic Order, by the Xalqaro Olimpiya qo'mitasi: 2016^[222]

Shaxsiy yozuvlar

• Braziliya futbol terma jamoasi: All-time leading goalscorer: 77 goals (95 goals including unofficial friendlies)^[223]
• All-time South American leading international goalscorer: 77 goals^[224]
• Santos: All-time leading goalscorer: 643 goals in 656 competitive games^[225]
• Qit'alararo kubok: All-time leading goalscorer: 7 ta gol^[226]
• World record number of xet-trik: 92^[227]
• Ginnesning rekordlar kitobi: Most career goals (football): 1283 goals in 1363 games^[228]
• Guinness World Records: Most FIFA Jahon chempionati winners' medals: three^[228][229]
• Guinness World Records: Youngest winner of a FIFA World Cup: 17 years and 249 days in 1958 FIFA Jahon chempionati^[230]
• Youngest goalscorer in a FIFA World Cup: 17 years and 239 days (Brazil v Wales 1958)^[60][231]
• Youngest player to score a hat-trick in a FIFA World Cup: 17 years and 244 days (Brazil v France 1958)^[231]
• Youngest player to play in a FIFA World Cup Final: 17 years and 249 days (Brazil v Sweden 1958)^[232]
• Youngest goalscorer in a FIFA World Cup Final: 17 years and 249 days (Brazil v Sweden 1958)^[232]
• Most assists provided in FIFA World Cup history: 10, (1958–1970)^[233]
• Most assists provided in a single FIFA World Cup tournament: 7, (1970)^[233]
• Most assists provided in a FIFA World Cup Final: 3, (1958 va 1970 )^[234]
• Top scorer in FIFA World Cup Final matches (joint with Vava, Geoff Xerst va Zinedin Zidan ): 3 goals^[235]
• Record Top scorer in a calendar year: in 1959 – 127 goals^[236]
• Youngest goalscorer of the Paulista chempionati: 1957 – Santos (he was 17 years old during the competition)
• Youngest FIFA World Cup winner: in 1958 – Braziliya (17 yosh)
• Youngest two-time FIFA World Cup winner: in 1962 – Braziliya (21 yosh)

Ishga qabul qilish statistikasi

Klub

Pelé's goalscoring record is often reported by FIFA as being 1281 goals in 1363 games.^[60] This figure includes goals scored by Pelé in friendly club matches, like international tours Pelé completed with Santos and the New York Cosmos, and a few games Pelé played in for the Brazilian armed forces teams during his national service in Brazil.^[237] U ro'yxatiga kiritilgan Ginnesning rekordlar kitobi for most career goals scored in football.^[2]

The tables below record every goal Pelé scored in major club competitions for Santos and the New York Cosmos.

• * Indicates that the number was deduced from the list of rsssf.com and this list of Pelé games. [1]

Xalqaro

Pelé is the top scorer of the Braziliya futbol terma jamoasi with 77 goals in 92 official appearances.^[60] He scored 12 goals and is credited with 10 assists in 14 Jahon chempionati appearances, including 4 goals and 7 assists in 1970.^[14] Pelé shares with Uve Seeler, Miroslav Kloze va Krishtianu Ronaldu the achievement of being the only players to have scored in four separate World Cup tournaments.^[244][245]

Manba:^[73]

Xulosa

Pelé's statistics of goals and appearances differ between sources mostly due to friendly games. The RSSSF states that Pelé scored 767 goals in 831 official games.^[226] The following table is a compendium of sources that include data from Santos va FIFA official websites among others.^[246]

Filmografiya

Shuningdek qarang

• Pele yugurish harakati
• Braziliya futbol terma jamoasi xet-triklari ro'yxati
• List of international hat-tricks scored by Pelé
• 50 va undan ortiq xalqaro maqsadlarga erishgan erkaklar futbolchilari ro'yxati
• 500 va undan ortiq golli erkaklar futbolchilari ro'yxati
• "Santos" ning Samba maktabidan Torcida Jovem

Izohlar

Adabiyotlar

Bibliografiya

• Bar-On, Tamir (2014). Futbol orqali dunyo: global sportning madaniy ta'siri. Rowman va Littlefield. p. 307. ISBN  978-1442234734.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Bellos, Aleks (2003). Futebol: Braziliyaning hayot tarzi. Bloomsbury. p. 416. ISBN  0747561796.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Blevins, Devid (2011). Sport shuhrat ensiklopediyasi: Beysbol, basketbol, ​​futbol, ​​xokkey, futbol. Qo'rqinchli matbuot. p. 1291. ISBN  978-0-8108-6130-5.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Darbi, Pol (2002). Afrika, futbol va FIFA: siyosat, mustamlakachilik va qarshilik. Teylor va Frensis. p. 236. ISBN  0714649686.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Dunmore, Tom (2011). Futbolning tarixiy lug'ati. Qo'rqinchli matbuot. p. 338. ISBN  978-0810873957.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Dunmore, Tom (2015). FIFA Jahon chempionati ensiklopediyasi. Qo'rqinchli matbuot. p. 406. ISBN  978-0810887435.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Ebony (1963). Dunyoning eng ko'p maosh oladigan sportchisi: Braziliya futbol yulduzi yiliga 150 ming dollar ishlab topadi. Jonson nashriyot kompaniyasi. p. 120. OCLC  1567306.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Freedman, Lew (2014). Pele: Biografiya. ABC-CLIO. p. 187. ISBN  978-1440829819.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Markus, Djo (1976). Pele dunyosi. Mason Charter Publishing. pp.200. ISBN  0884053660.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Pele (2008). Pele: Avtobiografiya. Simon va Shuster. p. 368. ISBN  978-1847394880.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Pele; Baliq, Robert L. (1977). Mening hayotim va chiroyli o'yin: Pelening tarjimai holi. Ikki karra nashr. p. 371. ISBN  0385121857.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Heizer, Teixeira (1997). O jogo bruto das copas do mundo. Mauad Editora Ltda. p. 324. ISBN  8585756527.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)
• Magill, Frank Northen (1999). Jahon biografiyasining lug'ati: 20-asr, O-Z. Yo'nalish. p. 4175. ISBN  1579580483.CS1 maint: ref = harv (havola)

Tashqi havolalar

• URL topilmadi. Iltimos, bu erda URL manzilini ko'rsating yoki uni Wikidata-ga qo'shing.
• Pele – FIFA musobaqa rekordi
• Pele Milliy Shon-sharaf zalida
• Pele: Afsona orqaga qaraydi - slayd-shou Hayot jurnal
• Braziliya uchun gollar ro'yxati
• Pele Santos rasmiy veb-saytida
• Pele Planet Jahon kubogida