Woolworths guruhi - Woolworths Group

Woolworths Group PLC
Ommaviy
Sifatida sotilgan
SanoatChakana savdo va tarqatish
TaqdirDormant kompaniyasi
O'tmishdoshF. W. Woolworth & Co.Ltd (1909–1999)
VorisWoolworths.co.uk (2009–2015)
Tashkil etilgan6 noyabr 1909 yil; 111 yil oldin (1909-11-06) yilda "Liverpul", Birlashgan Qirollik[1]
Ta'sischiFrank Uinfild Vulvort
Ishdan bo'shatilgan2009 yil 27 yanvar; 11 yil oldin (2009 yil 27 yanvar) (Do'konlar)
2015 yil 13 oktyabr; 5 yil oldin (2015 yil 13 oktyabr) (onlayn )
Bosh ofis,
Joylar soni
Kamaytirish 807
2008 yil 27 dekabr - 2009 yil 6 yanvar
Xizmat ko'rsatiladigan maydon
Birlashgan Qirollik
Asosiy odamlar
2001–2007;
Jerald Korbett (Rais )
Trevor Bish-Jons (Bosh ijrochi direktor)
2007–2008/9;
Richard Shimoliy (Rais )
Stiv Jonson (Bosh ijrochi direktor)
MahsulotlarUmumiy tovar
DaromadKattalashtirish; ko'paytirish £ 2,969,600,000 (2008)
Kamaytirish £7,500,000 (2008)
EgasiF. W. Woolworth kompaniyasi
(F. W. Woolworth plc )
Xodimlar soni
Kamaytirish 27,000 (2008)
Ota-onaF. W. Woolworth Plc
Bo'limlarWoolworths plc
Entertainment UK Ltd
Woolworths kafesi
FiliallarKatta V (Buyuk Britaniya)
Entertainment UK
Vuli
Woolworths umumiy do'koni
Ladybird (tegishli) To'g'ridan-to'g'ri xarid qiling )
Chad vodiysi
2 Ko'ngil ochish (bilan birgalikda egalik qiladi BBC )
Woolworths musiqasi
Woolworths Premier
Woolworth Records
Veb-saytwww.woolworthsgroupplc.com
(arxiv nusxasi)

Woolworths guruhi ga tegishli bo'lgan Britaniyaning ro'yxatga olingan kompaniyasi edi High Street Woolworths chakana savdo tarmog'i. Shuningdek, u ko'ngilochar distribyutor kabi boshqa kompaniyalarga ham ega edi Entertainment UK va kitob va resurslarni tarqatuvchi Bertram kitoblari.

Woolworths do'konlari tarmog'i guruhning asosiy korxonasi bo'lgan. Dastlab amerikaliklarning bo'linishi F. W. Woolworth kompaniyasi 1980-yillarning boshlarida sotilishigacha,[2][3] yopilishidan oldin Buyuk Britaniyada 800 dan ortiq do'konlari bo'lgan. Woolworths ko'plab tovarlarni sotgan va o'zlariga tegishli bo'lgan Ladybird bolalar kiyimlari assortimenti, Chad vodiysi o'yinchoqlar va bunga arziydi! qiymat oralig'i. Zanjir Buyuk Britaniyaning eng yirik xaridoridir Qandillik ""n" aralashmasini tanlang "shirinliklar[iqtibos kerak ]. Ba'zan uni Buyuk Britaniyaning ommaviy axborot vositalari, keng jamoatchilik va ba'zida o'zining televizion reklamalarida "Vuli" deb atashgan.[4][5] Britaniya kompaniyasi ham egalik qilgan va boshqargan F. V. Vulvort Irlandiya 1984 yilgacha va Woolworths (Kipr) 2003 yilgacha.

2008 yil 26 noyabrda Woolworths Group aktsiyalari savdosi to'xtatildi va uning Woolworths va Entertainment UK sho'ba korxonalari kirdi. ma'muriyat.[6] Deloitte Woolworths kompaniyasining 2008 yil 27 dekabrdan 2009 yil 6 yanvargacha bo'lgan vaqtdagi barcha 807 do'konlarini yopib qo'ydi, natijada 27000 ish o'rinlari yo'qotildi.[7] Woolworths Group plc ma'muriyatiga 2009 yil 27 yanvarda kirdi,[8] va u 2015 yil 13 oktyabrda rasmiy ravishda tarqatib yuborilgan.[9]

2009 yil fevral oyida, To'g'ridan-to'g'ri guruhni xarid qiling Woolworths savdo markasi va Internet-manzilini sotib oldi, u chakana veb-sayt sifatida 2015 yil iyun oyida yopilguniga qadar davom etdi. 2017 yil aprel oyidan boshlab sobiq direktor Toni Peyj Shop Direct-dan Woolworths nomini sotib olish istagini bildirganidan so'ng, Woolworths kompaniyasi savdo-sotiq qilish to'g'risida gaplashdi. Britaniyaning katta ko'chalariga qaytish.[10]

Tarix

Inauguratsiya

Woolworths kompaniyasining bosh ofisi Marylebone yo'li, London

Ning ingliz filiali F. W. Woolworth kompaniyasi Pensilvaniyada tashkil etilgan, F. W. Woolworth & Co.Ltd tomonidan tashkil etilgan Frenk Vulvort yilda "Liverpul", 1909 yil 5-noyabrda Angliya.[11] Frank Vulvort ajdodlari bo'lgan Woolley, Cambridgeshire - Frenk o'zining ota-bobolarini tumanning asoschilari sifatida kichik Angliyadagi "fermer xo'jaligida" izlaganini da'vo qildi.[12] Oxir oqibat Frank 1890 yilda Angliyaga sayohat qilganida,[13] u ichkariga kirdi "Liverpul" va poezdda sayohat qilgan Stok-on-Trent Woolworth tog'lari uchun chinni va shisha idishlarni sotib olish uchun, shuningdek, o'zining kundaligida Angliyaga bo'lgan muhabbatini va Vulvort nomini Angliyaga olib kelishga intilishini ta'kidladi:

Tirik Yanki boshqaradigan yaxshi tiyin va olti penslik do'koni bu erda shov-shuv bo'ladi deb o'ylayman.

— Frenk Vulvort

Xarid qilish safari davomida Vulvort yosh xizmatchi Uilyam Lourens Stivenson bilan uchrashdi, unga unga tavsiya etilgan Jon Vanamaker. Wanamaker Qo'shma Shtatlar bo'ylab katta do'konlar tarmog'ini tashkil qilgan va Vulvortning qahramonlaridan biri bo'lgan. Stivenson Vulvort bilan yana uchrashish uchun Londonga taklif qilindi va u qabul qilgan yangi kompaniya direktori lavozimiga taklif qilindi.[14]

Britaniya do'konlari bilan ichki muammolar

Britaniyalik do'konlarni yaratish g'oyasidan keyin Frank Vulvort Buyuk Britaniyada do'konlarni ochish uchun Qo'shma Shtatlardagi do'kon menejerlariga taklifnomalar taklif qildi va faqat kasal bo'lib qolgan paytda lavozimlarni egallash bo'yicha takliflarni 1909 yil mart oyida Fred Vulvortdan oldi. The Oltinchi avenyu va Samuel Balfour 14-ko'cha Nyu-York shahridagi do'konlar.[15] Ushbu dastlabki takliflardan so'ng, Boston do'konidagi nozir Bayron Miller ham yordamini taklif qildi va boshqa ko'ngillilar bilan birga bug 'kemasida suzib ketdi. Kaiserin Auguste Viktoriya 1909 yil 29 mayda Angliya uchun Xobokendan.[16]

Frenk Vulvort Britaniyada FW Woolworth & Co kompaniyasini tashkil etishda ko'ngillilarga boshqa xodimlar qoyil qolishini kutgan. Biroq, kompaniyaning vitse-prezidenti va bosh menejeri Carson C. Peck, Vulvort haqiqatan ham yangi biznes sarguzashtini tush ko'rganidan keyin yaratganmi yoki hozirgi holatdan noroziligi sababli, Britaniyaga sayohat qilish uchun xodimlarni jalb qilish bilan oldindan buyurtma bergan. Amerika filiali.[17]

Shuningdek, Pek ko'ngilli bo'lishga tayyor bo'lganlardan o'z qarorini qayta ko'rib chiqishni so'radi, chunki ko'ngilli bo'lganlar noaniqlik va xavf-xatarlardan bexabar ekanliklarini, ba'zilari esa Vulvortning yangi ishida ishtirok etishni istashga tayyorligini ta'kidladilar:[18] Uning tashvishlari, asosan, qarorga rioya qilgan menejerlarning aksariyati Vulvortga sodiqlik tufayli shunday qilishganiga bog'liq edi,[19] Qo'shma Shtatlarda allaqachon tashkil etilgan bunday qimmatbaho manbani Buyuk Britaniyada moliyaviy jihatdan isbotlanmagan "Kichkintoy go'dak" ga ko'chirish Kompaniyaning "Non va Yog '" ga zararli ta'sir ko'rsatishi mumkin.

Menimcha, bu qaytish varaqalarini noto'g'ri tushunish xavfi bor va u yaxshi pishgan shirali ayiqning biftekini eyish kerakligini bilmay turib, boladan ayiqning uyasiga borishni ixtiyoriy ravishda so'rash kabi yaxshi kelishuvdir, yoki buyuk, katta qora ayiq tomonidan egan.

— Karson C. Pek

Britaniyalik do'konlarning ochilishi

Pek kabi rezervasyonlarga qaramay, Buyuk Britaniyada do'konlarni ochish qarori ilgari Woolworth tomonidan rejalashtirilganidek amalga oshirildi. U kelajakdagi saytlar bilan birgalikda birinchi do'konlarning bir nechta joylarini ko'rib chiqdi.[20] Birinchi do'kon uchun tanlangan joy 25 - 25A, Cherch Street va 8-uy, Williamson Street edi "Liverpul" [21] (turli xil kirish joylarining ko'cha manzillari). U 1909 yil 5-noyabrda to'liq orkestr ijrosi, tsirk aktyorlari va otashinlar bilan ochildi.[1]

Amerikalik savdo an'analariga rioya qilish vositasi sifatida do'kon ochilgan birinchi kunida faqat buyumlarni ko'rishga ruxsat berildi. Bunga mehmonlarga dam olish xonasida an'anaviy cholgu chaladiganlar orkestri tomonidan xursandchilik paytida qo'shimcha choy berildi. Tadbir haqida mahalliy gazeta ijobiy xabar berdi, The "Liverpul" kureri, do'konlarning dekoratsiyasini va sotuvga qo'yilgan narsalarning qiymati va assortimenti bilan maqtagan.[22]

Buyuk Britaniyaning mahalliy gazetasi maqtovga qaramay Daily Mail Frank Vulvortga o'xshatdi Phineas Teylor Barnum va har qanday moliyaviy majburiyatdan qutilishni osonlashtirish uchun do'konning joylashuvi favqulodda vaziyatlar rejasining bir qismi sifatida qaror qilinganligini da'vo qildi.[23] Ushbu rezervasyonlarga qaramay, do'kon muvaffaqiyatli ekanligini isbotladi; tashqarida katta navbatlar va past narxlar 3d. va 6d. ("threepenny and sixpenny"), unga olib keladigan buyumlar, savdolarning birinchi kuni tugashidan oldin deyarli tovarlardan tozalanadi va ommaviy ravishda ommaviy ravishda ishlab chiqarilgan chet el va mahalliy tovarlarga tegishli.[24]

Boshida Birinchi jahon urushi, F.W. Woolworth & Co kompaniyasining Buyuk Britaniyada va Irlandiyada aksariyat yirik shaharlarda joylashgan 40 ta do'koni bor edi - shulardan do'kon rahbarlarini o'z ichiga olgan jami 57 nafar xodim ro'yxatga olingan; 1918 yilda urush tugaganidan keyin ularning aksariyati qaytib kelmadi.[25] Amerikalik xodimlar yana o'zlarining xizmatlarini Britaniyadagi Woolworths filiallariga taklif qilishlariga qaramay, qolgan xodimlar urush davomida xodimlarning etishmasligi bilan kurashish uchun o'zlarining sa'y-harakatlarini oshirdilar, bir nechta xodimlar rahbar lavozimlariga ko'tarilishdi.[26]

Keyinchalik Britaniyaning do'konlarida mavjud bo'lgan paypoq do'konlari bo'lgan Qo'shma Shtatlardagi do'konlar, amerikalik hamkasblariga qaraganda yangi ishlab chiqarish usullarini qo'llagan Evropa ishlab chiqaruvchilariga bog'liq edi.[27]

1918–1982

1945 yilda Readingdagi Woolworths do'konining ichki qismi

Birinchi Jahon Urushidan keyin kompaniya boshqa filiallarini ochish bilan kengayishda davom etdi. 1923 yilga kelib 130 ta filial bo'lib, Uilyam Lourens Stivenson (1880-1963) boshqaruvchi direktor bo'ldi. U katta kengayish strategiyasini amalga oshirdi, bu kompaniya mulkni sotib olish yoki qurish bilan. Ko'pgina do'konlarning o'ziga xos xususiyatlari bor edi fayans plitka bilan qoplangan art deco jabhalar. Kengayish butunlay daromad hisobiga va hech qanday qarz olmasdan yoki boshqa kapitallashuvsiz moliyalashtirildi. Lancashire-dagi Sautportdagi 400-filial 1930 yil 12-iyulda ochilgan va kompaniya 1931 yilda London fond birjasida paydo bo'lgan. AQShning bosh kompaniyasi o'sha paytda kompaniyadagi o'z ulushini 51,7% ga kamaytirgan.[28] 1934 yilda 600-do'kon ochildi, yilda Wallington yilda Surrey.[29]

Ikkinchi Jahon urushi va urushdan keyingi cheklovlar tufayli kengaytirish 1940 yildan 1950 yilgacha to'xtatildi, ammo keyin yana tiklandi. Londonning Viktoriya, Viktoriya shtatidagi Wilton Road-dagi 800-filiali 1953 yil sentyabrda ochilgan. 1958 yil 22 mayda Xovning Boundary Road-da 1000-filiali (uni "Horts filialidan farqlash uchun" Portslade "nomi bilan tanilgan)) ochildi. 1141 filialning eng yuqori cho'qqisiga 1960 yillarning oxirida erishildi. O'sha vaqtdan boshlab, 1982 yilda AQShdagi ota-ona sotilib ketgunga qadar, bir qator filiallar yopildi va sotildi va egalik Buyuk Britaniyaga o'tgan paytda, 1000 ga yaqin filial mavjud edi.[30]

Woolworths shahar tashqarisidagi katta do'konni sinab ko'rdi gipermarket bilan 1960-yillarda formatlash Woolco do'konlar.[31] Ushbu do'konlarning ba'zilari yopilgan bo'lsa-da, aksariyati 1980-yillarning boshlarida Dee Corporation-ga sotilgan va Gateway gipermarketlari sifatida qayta ochilgan, keyinchalik ularni egallab olgan Asda.[32]

Woolworths-ning eng yirik do'konlaridan biri Briggate yilda Lids, 1969 yilda katta yong'inni boshdan kechirgan. 1913 yilda ochilgan do'kon to'rt qavatga tarqalib ketgan va katta zarar ko'rgan, bu esa to'liq ta'mirlashni talab qilgan. Do'kon o'sha paytda jamoatchilik uchun ochiq bo'lmagan va barcha xodimlar evakuatsiya qilingan, o'lim holatlaridan qochishgan, garchi ba'zi xodimlar engil tan jarohati olishgan. Yong'inni to'liq o'chirish uchun bir necha soat vaqt ketdi.[33]

Egasidan va undan keyin ajratish

Woolworth logotipi 1970 yildan 1985 yilgacha ishlatilgan

1982 yilda Britaniyaning Woolworths kompaniyasi Paternoster Stores Ltd tomonidan sotib olingan Kingfisher plc. Woolworths Group plc Kingfisherning umumiy tovar biznesining demerjeri tomonidan tashkil etilgan,[34] va ro'yxatdagi kompaniya sifatida savdo qilishni boshladi London fond birjasi WLW belgisi yordamida 2001 yil 28 avgustda.

1984 yil oktyabr oyida Woolworths do'konlari Irlandiya Respublikasida yopildi. 1996 yil avgust oyida Woolworths tomonidan Irlandiya Respublikasi bozoriga qaytadan kirib borish imkoniyatlarini o'rganib, bozor tadqiqotlari o'tkazildi. Woolworths do'konini qo'llab-quvvatlashi mumkin bo'lgan taxminan 32 ta potentsial joy aniqlandi. Biroq, loyiha bozorni o'rganish bosqichidan tashqariga chiqmadi.

Woolworths do'koni Jonstondagi, 1989 yil aprel

1980-yillar davomida menejment tovar yo'nalishlarini aniq belgilangan toifalarga ratsionalizatsiya qildi: o'yin-kulgi, uy, bolalar (o'yinchoqlar va kiyim-kechak) va qandolat mahsulotlari. Shu vaqt ichida Woolworths kompaniyasining ko'plab filiallari qisqartirildi. Katta shaharlardagi eski filiallar ba'zida deyarli yirik do'konlar singari deyarli katta edi. Masalan, 1987 yilda Vulvort o'zining besh qavatli filialini Lidsdagi Briggeytda qoldirdi (hozirda egallab turibdi) Frayzer uyi ), u 1913 yildan buyon egallab olgan va faqat o'zining bir darajali filialini saqlab qolgan Merrion markazi. Bu hududda bo'lgan shahar markazi piyodalar harakati kamroq bo'lgan, odatda pastroq byudjetga ega xaridorlar.[35]

1990-yillarning oxirida menejment Woolworths brendini chakana savdo tendentsiyalaridan foydalangan holda o'sishni tezlashtirish uchun boshqa chakana formatlarga va muqobil kanallarga kengaytirdi. Ostida katta formatdagi ba'zi do'konlar ochildi Katta V shunga o'xshash marka Wal-Mart AQShda. Dastlab u muvaffaqiyatli bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, format amalga oshmadi; dastlabki reja boshqa Kingfisher guruhining chakana savdosini jalb qilishga asoslangan edi, ammo birlashishdan keyin bu endi mumkin emas edi.[36] Bir qator yo'qotishlardan so'ng, Woolworths 2004 yilda Big W kontseptsiyasidan voz kechishini tasdiqladi.[37] Guruh 2005 yilda Big W do'konlaridan 7 tasini Tesco va Asda kompaniyalariga sotgan.[38] Qolgan saytlarning yalpi ichki maydoni eng maqbul savdo hajmiga qadar kamaytirilib, taxminan 40,000 dan 50,000 kvadrat futgacha (4600 m)2). Buning ortidan ular "Woolworths Out Town" do'konlari sifatida qayta nomlanishdi.[36]

Keyingi yillar

Yangi mustaqil Woolworths jiddiy raqobat va moliyaviy bosimlarga duch keldi. Woolworths-ning asosiy pul yigiruvchilardan biri bo'lgan musiqaning jismoniy nusxalari bozori 21-asrning boshlarida qisqargan; kabi mutaxassis musiqa zanjirlari Bizning narximiz qulab tushdi. Katta supermarketlar tarmoqlari Woolworths kompaniyasining ko'plab mahsulot yo'nalishlariga kengayib bordi va tez sur'atlar bilan kengaymoqda Uilkinson to'g'ridan-to'g'ri katta ko'chada unga qarshi chiqdi.

Woolworths 1980-yillarda shahar tashqarisiga ko'chib o'tishda do'konlarni ochish tendentsiyasiga amal qilmadi. Uning shahar tashqarisidagi do'konlaridan biri ochilgan Merry Hill savdo markazi 1989 yilda, ammo bu umidsiz savdo tufayli bir necha yil ichida yopildi.

Woolworths "pick 'n" mix "shirin tanlovlari bilan tanilgan.

Raisligida guruhning korporativ obro'sini ko'tarish maqsadida Jerald Korbett, Woolworths shou bog'iga homiylik qildi RHS "Chelsi" ning gullar shousi 2004 yilda. Pikard bog 'dizayni maktabining aspirantlari, shu jumladan Karl Rushen, Ketrin Gambl, Bella Montgomeri, Darril Mur va Rob Uaytxed tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan zamonaviy zamonaviy uslubdagi bog' kumush medal bilan taqdirlandi.

Woolworths Group plc aktsiyalari narxi 2006 va 2008 yillar orasida asta-sekin tushib ketdi

2006 yil o'rtalarida biznes o'zlarining veb-saytlarida yoki do'konlarida buyurtma qilingan buyumlarni do'konda yig'ish xizmatini ishga tushirdi. 2006 yil sentyabr oyi oxirida "Katta qizil kitob" nashr etildi. Bu to'g'ridan-to'g'ri raqobatlashish uchun mo'ljallangan edi Argos katalog.[39]

Woolworths kompaniyasi bazani ishga tushirdi O'shanga arziydi! brend 2007 yilda qiymat oralig'i sifatida.[40] Brendning birinchi reklama kampaniyasi 2007 yil 15-iyun kuni namoyish etildi va "Wooly sheep" va "Worth sheepdog" belgilarini namoyish etdi.[41] Keyingi reklama kampaniyalari kabi taniqli shaxslar ishtirok etdi Rolf Xarris, Jeki Chan[42] va Kelly Osbourne.[43] Brend qandolat mahsulotlari, elektrotexnika, alkogol, zargarlik buyumlari, parfyumeriya va kiyim-kechak kabi turli xil mahsulotlarni qamrab oldi.

Woolworths kuchli edi birlashgan Pol Tompson kabi do'kon boshliqlari bilan ishchi kuchi Birlashtir (avval Transport va umumiy ishchilar kasaba uyushmasi ), ayniqsa, Buyuk Britaniyaning shimolida faol.

2008 yil iyul oyida kengash Islandiyaning asoschisi Malkolm Uokerning Woolworths kompaniyasining 819 do'konini 50 million funt sterlingga sotib olish taklifini rad etdi. Uokerning taklifiga Entertainment UK yoki 2 Entertain-ning ulushi kiritilmagan, shuningdek Woolworthsning qarz va pensiya majburiyatlarini olishdan qochgan.[44]

2008 yil 12 avgustda Woolworths Group sobiq Stiv Jonson tayinlanganligini e'lon qildi Boshqaruvchi direktor ning Fokus DIY, ijroiya boshlig'i lavozimiga.[45] U iyun oyida ketgan Trevor Bish-Jonsning o'rnini egalladi.[46] Woolworths 2008 yil sentyabrida, olti oydan 2 avgustgacha soliq oldidan 99,7 million funt sterling miqdorida zarar ko'rganini e'lon qilgandan so'ng, o'zining oraliq dividendini bekor qildi. Shu bilan birga, Jonson 120 do'konni sotish, mahsulotlarining to'rtdan bir qismiga bolta urish, veb-operatsiyalarni qisqartirish va ish joylarini qisqartirish bo'yicha mumkin bo'lgan o'zgarishlarni rejalashtirdi.[47]

O'sha paytda chakana savdogarning eng yirik aktsiyadori 10,2% ulushga ega bo'lgan Eron mulk ishlab chiqaruvchisi Ardeshir Naghshineh edi. Islandiyalik sarmoyador boshchiligidagi konsortsium Baugur, Unity deb nomlangan Woolworths kompaniyasining 10% ulushiga ega edi.[47] 2008 yil oktyabr oyida Ser Alan Shakar, elektronika firmasining asoschisi Amstrad, Woolworths-dagi ulushini 4% atrofida oshirdi.[47] Theo Paphitis, ish yuritish chakana sotuvchisi Rimman, shuningdek, kompaniyaga qiziqishini bildirdi.[48]

Ma'muriyat va yopilish

2008–2009
2008 yil sentyabrdan boshlab dunyo a jiddiy moliyaviy inqiroz mavjudligini kamaytirish bilan kredit va iste'mol xarajatlarini kamaytirish.

Navbat shakllanadi Xounslow yakuniy savdo uchun

2008 yil 19-noyabrda, The Times Woolworths-ning chakana biznesi qayta qurish bo'yicha mutaxassis uchun maqsad bo'lganligi haqida xabar berdi Hilco UK, chakana savdoni nominal 1 funtga kim sotib oladi;[49] bu o'sha kuni tasdiqlandi.[50][51] Ushbu bitim Woolworths guruhini foydali tarqatish va nashriyot bilan shug'ullanishi va qarz yukining kamayishi bilan qoldirishi mumkin edi. Ardeshir Naghshineh rejani tanqid qildi va buning o'rniga kompaniyaga ba'zi do'konlarni ko'proq mablag 'to'plash uchun sotishni tavsiya qildi.[52]

Guruh banklari, GMAC va Burdeyl, kelishuvni rad etdi[53] va o'zlarining kreditlarini esga olib, guruhni chakana biznes va Entertainment UK-ni joylashtirishga majbur qilishdi ma'muriyat. 2008 yil 26-noyabrda Woolworths PLC aktsiyalari savdosi to'xtatildi va Nevill Kan, Dan Butters va Nik Dargan Deloitte qo'shma ma'mur etib tayinlandilar.[6][54] Kompaniya ma'muriyatga kirganda uning 385 million funt qarzi bor edi. Ma'murlar kompaniyani hal qiluvchi masala sifatida ushlab turishni maqsad qilganliklarini e'lon qilishdi Rojdestvo davr, garchi tahlilchilar har qanday og'ir diskontlash " domino effekti va boshqa katta ko'cha chakana sotuvchilarni pastga sudrab. Keyinchalik Deloitte Woolworthsga "katta qiziqish" olganligini e'lon qildi.[55]

Vulvortning ma'muriyatga kirishi haqidagi xabarlar keng tarqalganda, Milliy lotereya operator Camelot guruhi Woolworths kompaniyasini lotereya chiptalari va skretch kartalarini sotishdan darhol to'xtatib qo'ydi, shuningdek, da'vogarlarning do'konlarda sovrinlarni sotib olishiga to'sqinlik qildi.[56]

5 dekabr 2008 yilda Woolworths 27 million funt sterling miqdoridagi eng katta bir kunlik pul mablag'larini qayd etdi va 450 bosh ofis va yordamchi xodimlarning ish joylarini egalladi.[57] A yopiq savdo 11 dekabrda boshlangan.

Woolworths Kroydon, javonlar yalang'och, yakuniy rasmiylashtiruvi sotuvining oxirgi kunida

2008 yil 17-dekabrda ma'murlar Woolworths-ning barcha 807 do'konlari 2009 yil 5-yanvarga qadar yopilishini (keyinchalik 6-yanvarga o'zgartirildi), 27000 ish joyini yo'qotish bilan e'lon qilishdi.[58] Deloitte kompaniyasidan Nevill Kan ham Vulvortning qarzining qancha qismi to'lanishi noma'lumligini aytdi. So'nggi bir necha kunlik savdolarda 90% gacha chegirmalar taqdim etildi va bir qator do'konlar o'zlarining barcha aktsiyalarini sotdilar, aksariyati ularning barcha jihozlari va armaturalarini ham sotdilar.[59]

Do'konlar bosqichma-bosqich yopilgan edi va oxirgi ikkita yopilish kuni qolgan aktsiyalarni ko'proq sotishga va yopilish logistikasini engillashtirishga harakat qilish uchun bir kunga ko'chirildi.[60][61]

  • Woolworths Bangor, Gvinedd yopilishidan bir necha kun oldin. Uning o'rniga a Botinkalar do'kon
    207 do'kon 2008 yil 27 dekabrda yopildi
  • 37-i 29-dekabr kuni yopildi
  • 164 30 dekabrda yopildi
  • 200 2009 yil 3-yanvar kuni yopildi
  • qolgan do'konlar (199) 2009 yil 6 yanvarda yopilgan

Woolworths kompaniyasining sobiq bosh kompaniyasi Kingfisher va Woolworths kompaniyasining yirik aktsiyadori Ardeshir Naghshineh sobiq bosh direktori yopilishlarni tanqid qildilar.[62]

2009 yil 19 yanvarda egasi Woolworths Group ma'muriyatga kirish niyati borligini e'lon qildi, chunki u endi qarzlarini to'lay olmadi.[63] Ariza 27 yanvar kuni Oliy sud tomonidan ko'rib chiqildi va Woolworths Group PLC ma'muriyatga kirdi.[64]

Kasaba uyushmalari jamoaviy ishdan bo'shatilishidan shikoyat qildilar va ular ishchilar vakillarining tegishli maslahatlari bo'lmagani sababli Buyuk Britaniya sudlari oldida turli xil sud ishlarini boshlashdi. Buyuk Britaniyaning Apellyatsiya sudi ishni sudga yubordi Evropa Ittifoqining Adliya sudi tomonidan kasaba uyushmalari bilan qisman rozi bo'lmagan 2015 yil 30 apreldagi muhim qaror.[65]

2020 yil yolg'on

2020 yil oktyabr oyida tasdiqlanmagan Twitter @UKWoolworths nomli akkaunt Woolworths UK qayta ishga tushirishni rejalashtirayotganini e'lon qildi. Hisob deyarli 6000 ta hikoyani oldi va qayta ochilganligi haqida o'nlab asosiy ingliz veb-saytlari, shu jumladan MailOnline va Daily Mirror.[66] Bir necha soat ichida hisob aldanganligini tasdiqladi Juda guruh, Woolworths brendining egasi.[67] Ushbu hiyla-nayrangni "Britaniya jamoatchiligining brendga sodiqligini sinab ko'rish" tajribasi sifatida ishlatganini aytgan o'spirin talaba Lyuk Kastl tomonidan amalga oshirildi.[68][67]

Buyuk Britaniyada nochorlikning oqibatlari

Sobiq do'konlari

Woolworths Kesvik 2008 yil dekabr oyida savdolarning oxirgi kunida
2009 yil dekabr oyida ko'rilgan Kesvikdagi sobiq Woolworths a Tog 'ombori

Ma'murlar 2008 yil 10 dekabrda kompaniyani doimiy ravishda sotishda qiynalayotganliklarini va natijada ba'zi do'konlar oy oxiriga qadar yopilishi mumkinligini e'lon qilishdi. Bir qator chakana savdo do'konlariga individual do'konlarni va ijarani sotish bo'yicha muzokaralar davom etmoqda, deyiladi supermarketlar tarmog'ida Morrisonlar, Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury's, Kooperativ guruh va Poundlend.[69]

2008 yil dekabr oyida Woolworths kompaniyasining ijrochi direktori Toni Peyj 125 do'konlari tarmog'i bilan yopilgandan so'ng brendni qayta ishga tushirish uchun 30 000 000 funt sterling to'plashga harakat qilar edi.[70][71] Biroq, kelishuvni vaqtida bajarish mumkin emas edi. Hukumatdan bitimni tuzish uchun so'nggi urinishda ham so'rashdi, ammo muvaffaqiyatsiz.

Keyin Bosh vazir Gordon Braun Hukumat Woolworths-ni tejash haqida o'ylaganini ta'kidladilar, ammo ular bu "moliyaviy jihatdan xavfli" biznes degan xulosaga kelishdi.[72]

Supermarketlar tarmog'i Islandiya do'konlarining 51 tasini 2009 yil 9 yanvarda noma'lum summaga sotib olgan.[73] Woolworths kompaniyasining yirik aktsiyadorlaridan biri bo'lgan Baugur qisman Islandiyaga egalik qiladi va Buyuk Britaniyaning o'zi ham ma'muriyatga fevral oyida kirgan.[74] Uelsdagi yana beshta sobiq do'kon sotib oldi Asl zavod do'koni 2009 yil aprel oyida.[75] Buyuk Britaniya bo'ylab do'konlar vaqti-vaqti bilan boshqa chakana sotuvchilar bilan almashtirildi Keyingisi,[76] Boyz,[77] Botinkalar,[78] Primark,[79] TK Maxx,[80] Uy savdosi,[81] va V H Smit.[82]

2010 yil avgust oyida Bi-bi-si avvalgi Woolworths do'konlarining 300 dan ortig'i (ya'ni taxminan 40%) bo'sh qolganligini va hozirgi Woolworths do'konlaridan foydalanadigan eng katta guruh Poundland singari chegirmali chakana savdo do'konlari ekanligini xabar qildi.[83] 2012 yil yanvariga kelib, Woolworths-ning 105 ta bo'sh do'konlari borligi va yana 68 tasi buzilganligi haqida xabar berilgan edi.[84]

Alvorts

2009 yil 17 fevralda o'tkazilgan matbuot xabarlariga ko'ra Toni Peyj Woolworths formatini qabul qiladigan, ammo boshqa nom ostida, Alworths fasyasi ostidagi dastlabki 50 do'koni bo'lgan do'konlar tarmog'ini ochishni rejalashtirgan.[85] 2009 yil 5 noyabrda Alworths nomi bilan ochilgan do'kon Didkot, Oldingi Woolworths do'koni saytida, Peyjning ishtirokisiz.[86] 2011 yil yanvar oyiga qadar 18 ta do'kon ochildi, ammo aprel oyida kompaniya ma'muriyatga kirib, yopildi.[87]

Velluort

2009–2010 yillarda Wellworths logotipi

Woolworths do'koni Dorchester, Dorset nomli mustaqil korxona sifatida qayta ochildi Velluort do'kon menejeri Kler Robertson tomonidan. Do'kon rasmiy ravishda ochildi BBC radiosi 2 DJ Kris Evans 2009 yil 11 martda. Keyinchalik uning nomi o'zgartirildi Vellchester.

Do'kon menejeri Kler Robertson o'zining chakana konsalting biznesini tashkil etish uchun ketganidan keyin, Vellchester 2012 yil avgustida savdoni to'xtatdi.[88]

Woolworths.co.uk

Woolworths brendi va domeni tomonidan sotib olingan To'g'ridan-to'g'ri guruhni xarid qiling, tegishli Ser Devid va ser Frederik Barklay, 2009 yil 2-fevralda. Kompaniya Woolworths-ni qayta ishga tushirishini e'lon qildi onlayn chakana do'kon. Veb-sayt 2009 yil 26 iyunda ishga tushirilgan.[89] Bu sobiq Woolworths guruhidan butunlay mustaqil edi. 2015 yil iyun oyidan buyon qo'shimcha ogohlantirishgacha yopiq edi. 2015 yil 13 oktyabrda kompaniya nihoyat tarqatib yuborildi va veb-sayt ishlamay qoldi. 2017 yil aprel oyida bir nechta yangiliklar manbalari Woolworths kompaniyasining yopilishidan deyarli to'qqiz yil o'tgach, sobiq direktor Toni Peyj Woolworths nomini Shop Direct-dan sotib olishga qiziqishini tasdiqlaganidan keyin qayta ochilishi mumkinligi haqida xabar berishdi.[90]2020 yil oktyabr oyidan boshlab "junworths.co.uk" URL manzili qayta yo'naltiriladi Very.co.uk.

Voqealar

Tabiiy ofatlar

Nyu-xoch, London

Woolworths kompaniyasining ko'plab filiallari paytida bomba jiddiy zarar ko'rdi va hatto yo'q qilindi Luftwaffe ning dastlabki qismida hujumlar Ikkinchi jahon urushi. Ammo urush oxiriga kelib, mojaro paytida Buyuk Britaniyada dushmanning to'g'ridan-to'g'ri o'q otishi oqibatida eng katta fuqarolik halok bo'ldi, 25-kuni tushlik paytida sodir bo'ldi.[91] 1944 yil noyabr, nemis V-2 raketasi ichida joylashgan Woolworths do'koniga qulab tushdi Yangi xoch yo'li, 168 kishini (shu jumladan 15 bolani) o'ldirish, 122 kishini jarohatlash va binoni yer bilan yakson qilish. Qo'shni London kooperativ jamiyati Hujum paytida do'kon ham buzilgan.

Do'kon, ayniqsa, sotib olish qiyin bo'lgan mahsulotni etkazib berish haqidagi yangiliklar bilan band edi kostryulkalar katta olomonni yaratdi, ularning ko'plari raketa zarbasi paytida do'kon oldida navbatda turishgan.

Urushdan keyin rejalashtirish va iqtisodiy cheklovlar Woolworths 1960 yilgacha saytda do'konni qurmaganligini anglatadi; 1984 yilda yopilgan. Ma'lum qilinishicha, u erda ba'zi xodimlar binoni xayvonsiz his qilishgan.[92]

Lewisham kengashi va Vulvortlar saytga o'sha kuni vafot etganlar xotirasiga bag'ishlangan lavhani o'rnatdilar. Hozir mavjud Islandiya saytda saqlang.

Yong'in xavfsizligi

1971 yildan 1981 yilgacha bo'lgan davrda Woolworths binolarida bir qator yong'inlar sodir bo'ldi va bu kompaniyaning yong'in xavfsizligiga bo'lgan beparvo munosabatini keskin e'tiborga oldi va bu siyosat bir qator o'lim bilan yakunlandi.

Rochdale markaziy ombori

1971 yil 6-may kuni asosiy tarqatish omborida yong'in sodir bo'ldi Rochdeyl, Lankashir. Sayt uchta bo'limga bo'lingan, shu bilan birga kompaniyaning yangi asosiy kompyuter tizimi va barcha aktsiyalar va buxgalteriya yozuvlari joylashgan ma'muriy blok. Yomg'ir sug'orish tizimining ishlamay qolishi tufayli yong'in tez orada tarqaldi; bu esa ma'muriyat xodimlarining g'azab bilan kompyuterni demontaj qilishiga va uning qismlarini stok kartalari va boshqa yozuvlar bilan birga derazadan kutayotgan yuk mashinalariga o'tkazib yuborishiga olib keldi.

Yong'inda 100 dan ortiq o't o'chiruvchilar qatnashdilar va ular binoning uchdan ikki qismini hayotini yo'qotmasdan saqlab qolishdi. Natijada 3 million funt miqdorida sug'urta to'lovi Angliyaning shimoliy-g'arbiy qismida o'sha paytdagi eng yuqori ko'rsatkich edi.[93]

High Street, Colchester

1973 yil 2 oktyabrda 40-50 baland ko'chada joylashgan do'konning omborxonasida yong'in chiqdi. Kolchester. Tez orada olov do'konning qolgan qismiga ham tarqaldi va bino butunlay yo'q qilindi. Garchi barcha mijozlar va xodimlar evakuatsiya qilingan bo'lsa-da, keyingi topilmalar sprinkler tizimining etishmasligi (bu qonuniy talab bo'lmagan va hali ham mavjud emas) va xodimlarning yong'in va evakuatsiya bilan shug'ullanish tartiblarining yomonligi bilan izohlanadi.[93][94]

Markaziy Manchester

Woolworths Manchester do'konida yong'in sodir bo'lganidan bir necha kun o'tgach olingan rasm

Jiddiy yong'in 1dan keyin paydo bo'ldi 1979 yil 8 may kuni kechqurun "Manchester" qarama-qarshi do'kon Pikadli bog'lari, o'sha paytda oltita qavat va ikkita podval sathidan iborat Evropadagi eng yirik Woolorthlar edi. Ikkinchi qavatni jihozlash bo'limida boshlangan yong'in o'nta xaridor va bitta xodimni o'ldirdi;[95] ulardan uchtasi eshikdan olti metr narida topilgan, yana uchta jasad yaqinida. O'sha kuni o't o'chirish xizmatiga qilingan 12 ta qo'ng'iroqning hech biri do'konning o'zi tomonidan kelmagan. Taxminlarga ko'ra, yong'inni oldiga mebellar yig'ilgan, shikastlangan elektr kabeli sabab bo'lgan.[96] Surishtiruv shuni ko'rsatdiki, garchi do'konda yong'inga qarshi choralar barcha qonuniy talablarga javob bergan bo'lsa-da, yong'in tarqalishi va qurbonlarning ko'pligi, masalan, choralar ko'rilmaganligi sababli bo'lgan. yong'inga qarshi sug'orish tizimi yong'inning mebel bo'limidan tarqalishini to'xtatish va undan foydalanish poliuretan mebeldagi ko'pik, bu material juda tez yonuvchan va juda toksik, ammo arzon va o'sha paytda mebelda qonuniydir. Ushbu topilma keyinchalik xavfsizlik to'g'risidagi qonunchilik uchun oqibatlarga olib keladi.

Ikkinchi qavat yong'in tufayli yonib ketgan, uchinchi qavat esa tutunga katta zarar etkazgan; yong'in o'chirilganda zamin, birinchi va ikkinchi qavatlar suvga katta zarar etkazgan. Manchester do'koni hayotini yo'qotishi va vayronagarchilik tufayli, Olovni tadqiq qilish stantsiyasi xuddi shunday katta do'kon do'konidagi yong'inni bartaraf etadigan purkagich tizimlarini ishlab chiqish bo'yicha bir qator sinovlarni o'tkazdi. Biroq, Buyuk Britaniyaning chakana savdogarlari uchun purkagich tizimini o'rnatishi uchun hali ham qonuniy talab mavjud emas, aksariyat odamlar yong'inga qarshi emas, balki evakuatsiya tartib-qoidalariga e'tibor berishni afzal ko'rishadi. Ushbu falokat yong'inni oldini olish to'g'risidagi qonunni o'zgartirishga olib keldi va ko'pikli poliuretanni uy jihozlarida ishlatishni taqiqlashga sabab bo'lgan omillar qatoriga kirdi (o't o'chiruvchilarning uzoq vaqtdan beri tashvishi) mebel ishlab chiqaruvchilarni yangi mato va materiallar ishlab chiqarishga majbur qildi divanlar va boshqa narsalar uchun.

Do'kon o'sha paytdagi studiyalar yonida joylashganligi sababli yong'in grafika tasvirlarini jamoatchilik ongiga olib keldi (shu jumladan, yuqori qavatdagi panjarali derazalar ortida qolib ketgan ofis qizlari tasvirlari). BBC Manchester (Milliy Vestminster banki ustida) va ularga yaqin Granada Televizioni, ofislari Manchester Evening News va bir nechta milliy gazetalarning shimoliy idoralari.

Tabiiy ofat favqulodda vaziyatlarda odamlarning xatti-harakatlariga qiziqqan akademiklar uchun muhim tadqiqot ob'ektiga aylandi, chunki tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatdiki, ko'plab mijozlar (asosan umumiy ovqatlanish joyida) signal signallariga, xodimlarning so'rovlariga va hatto hidi va ko'rinishi tutun; ba'zilari hattoki tashlab qo'yilgan chiqishda navbatda turishda davom etishdi.[97] Halok bo'lganlarning aksariyati shu sohada bo'lgan.

Do'kon qayta ochilgan, ammo 1986 yilda yopilgan.[98] Sayt an o'yin-kulgi arkadasi ko'p yillar davomida, bino egalari 157 xonali Travelodge, Morrisons do'koni va Zizzi va Nandos restoranlarini joylashtirish uchun binolarni ta'mirlash uchun ijarachilarni haydab chiqargunga qadar.[99][100][101]

Woolworths 1990-yillarda sotilgan bir nechta kichik savdo nuqtalariga ega edi musiqa va qandolat mahsulotlari. Shunga o'xshash formatdagi kichik savdo shoxobchalari ham sinab ko'rildi Sheffild Meadowhall savdo markazi, lekin 2003 yilda yopilgan; Manchester musiqa va video do'koni kattaroq do'kon bilan almashtirildi MVC Woolworths Group-ga tegishli do'kon.

Vester

1979 yil 1-oktabrda Vusterning yuqori ko'chasida joylashgan Woolworths do'koni katta yong'inda jiddiy zarar ko'rdi. Qurbonlar bo'lmagan, ammo do'kon 1980 yilda qayta ochilgunga qadar bir necha oy davomida yopiq turgan. Keyinchalik ma'lum bo'lishicha, yong'inni norozi xodim tomonidan ataylab boshlangan va do'konda purkagich tizimi yo'qligi sababli yanada kuchaygan. .

Uimbldon Brodvey

1981 yilda Uimbldondagi do'konning omborida yong'in aniqlandi. Manchesterdagi yong'in natijasida xodimlarni yaxshiroq tayyorlash muvaffaqiyatli evakuatsiyaga olib keldi, ammo yong'in binoni butunlay yo'q qildi. Binoning yuqori qavatlari qulashi oqibatida ikki hamkasbi bilan tuzoqqa tushganda o't o'chiruvchi halok bo'ldi.[93]

Ushbu hodisalar tufayli biznes obro'siga etkazilgan zarar natijasida amerikalik ota-onalar egalari Britaniyaning operatsiyasini Paternoster do'konlariga sotishga qaror qilishdi, natijada Kingfisher deb o'zgartirildi. Ushbu yong'inlardan keyin kompaniya tutun detektorlaridan foydalanishni faol ravishda targ'ib qildi, bu ularning ishlatilishini ko'paytirish va keyinchalik bunday buyumlarning narxini pasaytirishga yordam berdi.[93]

Terrorizm

Buyuk Britaniyaning yuqori darajadagi bizneslarini yo'naltirish natijasida Shimoliy Irlandiya tomonidan Irlandiya respublika armiyasi davomida Muammolar, bir qator Woolworth do'konlari katta zarar ko'rdi.

High Street, Belfast

Shimoliy Irlandiyadagi eng yirik Woolworths do'koni bo'lib, 1972 yilda sodir bo'lgan hujumlardan biri bilan bir qator alangalanuvchi hujumlarga duch keldi. Telefon orqali qilingan ogohlantirishlar tufayli ushbu hujumlarning birortasida hech kim o'lmadi.[93]

Bangor, County Down

Woolworths do'koni, 18/22 Main Street, Bangor, County Down, Shimoliy Irlandiya (No 380 do'kon) 1974 yil 30 martda shahar markaziga uyushtirilgan olovli bomba hujumi doirasida terrorchilar tomonidan nishonga olingan.

Soat 17.00da shahar markaziga o'n beshta yoqish moslamasi joylashtirilganligi va 30 daqiqada portlashi kerakligi to'g'risida telefon orqali ogohlantirish kelib tushdi. Shaharning tijorat markazini evakuatsiya qilish uchun politsiya zudlik bilan va muvaffaqiyatli harakatlarni amalga oshirdi, ammo qurilmalarning portlashiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun etarli vaqt yo'q edi. Woolworths do'koni savdo maydonchasida qurilma portlashidan keyin katta zarar ko'rdi. Qurilmaning portlashi natijasida politsiyachining oyoqlari uchib ketganidan keyin miya chayqalishi yuz berdi va tinch ayol ayol uchib ketayotgan qoldiqlar bilan kesilgan.[102]

Hujumga qaratilgan boshqa do'konlar orasida shaharning Kooperativ univermag va FA Wellworth universal do'koni. Hujumdan keyin shaharning Woolworths do'koni buzib tashlandi. Yangi 8000 kvadrat metr (740 m.)2) do'kon 1970-yillarning o'rtalarida qayta ochilgan o'sha joyda qurilgan.

1992 yil 21 oktyabr kuni kechqurun shaharning FA Wellworth do'koni yonida, 200 funt sterlingli bomba portlaganidan so'ng, qayta tiklangan do'kon ozgina zarar ko'rdi. Shahar markazidagi aksariyat do'konlar yopilgandan keyin sodir bo'lgan portlashda hech kim jabr ko'rmadi. kun uchun. Biroq, Woolworths do'konining kirish maydoniga katta zarar yetgan, derazalari uchib ketgan, verandaning tomi buzilgan va do'konning old tomoniga ozgina miqdorda zaxiralangan. Additionally, minor structural damage was caused to the store's stockroom with two internal portioning walls adjacent to the Generator Room and Fixtures' Store having to be rebuilt. The store recommenced trading on 23 October 1992.

Musiqa

Woolworths, for many years, was a leader in the UK music industry. In the 1950s and well into the 1960s, Woolworths issued recordings available only via their stores on their own label Embassy Records, produced and manufactured by Oriole Records. These releases were double-sided singles featuring two cover versions of current hit singles sold at a much cheaper price. This venture was very successful at the time, but was eventually killed off when other record companies started to issue compilation albums. However, Woolworths remained in the music business selling a wide range of singles and albums, and remained the UK's Number 1 music retailer well into the 1990s. Even successful nationwide music specialists stores such as Virgin Megastores va HMV did not overtake Woolworths during this time. They later suffered from strong competition in this field from the large supermarket chains Tesco va Asda.

Kafelar

In early days many Woolworths stores had cafes in them. However, as the years went on, and many larger stores were either closed or downscaled, fewer stores had cafes in them. When the stores finally ceased trading in 2008/9, only around 10% of the stores had cafes in them. These were usually located at the back of the stores or, when a store had a second sales floor, they were located either in the basement or upstairs on the first floor. They sold the usual range of hot and cold drinks, with hot food available, including breakfasts and lunch-time meals.

Stores with cafes in them included[iqtibos kerak ] Aylesbury, Basingstoke, Milton Keynes, Blackpool, Brighton, Bromley, Exeter, Coventry, Cambridge, Dereham, Doncaster, Grantham, Hounslow, High Wycombe, Ipswich, Paignton, Gloucester, Huntingdon, Worcester, Windsor, Plymouth, Portsmouth, Leigh, Lancaster, Leicester, Wrexham, Leamington Spa, Maidstone, Newquay, Peterborough, Salisbury, Scarborough, Sheffield, Shrewsbury, Southport, St Helens, Swindon, Wolverhampton and Yeovil. The Big W stores also had cafes.

Filiallar

Entertainment UK

Entertainment UK (EUK) was founded as Record Merchandisers Limited in 1966 by EMI Records to distribute music to non-specialist retailers. It later became a joint venture between a number of record companies. Woolworths became Entertainment UK's largest customer and in 1986 Record Merchandisers Limited was acquired by Kingfisher plc. Record Merchandisers was renamed Entertainment UK in 1988.

EUK became the property of Woolworths Group plc after the de-merger from Kingfisher in 2001. In 2006, Woolworths Group acquired Total Home Entertainment Distribution Limited (THE) and combined it with EUK.[103] In November 2007 the company acquired the book wholesaler and distributor Bertram Books.[104]

EUK was the main supplier of Zavvi under an exclusive supply deal.[105] As a result of EUK entering into administration, on 24 December the music retailer was also forced into administration as it was unable to source stock on favourable terms direct from suppliers.[106] Zavvi later closed entirely.

Streets Online

Streets Online, founded in 1996 by Stephen Cole, was one of the pioneers of online retailing in the UK. The company was the name behind the online bookseller Alphabetstreet and music site Audiostreet. 85% of the company was bought out by the Kingfisher Group in 2000 for £15.7 million,[107] and then became part of the Woolworths Group with its de-merger in 2001. It then became responsible for the web operations of MVC and Tesco. When Kingfisher bought this 85%, the remaining 15% was owned by Sky New Media Ventures (part of BSkyB ).[108] In 2003 the company headquarters was moved to the EUK site in Xeys.[109]

2 Entertain

2 Entertain was established as a joint venture between the Woolworths Group and BBC dunyo bo'ylab. It combined the group's former video and music publishing and television and video production business, VCI, with BBC Worldwide's video publishing business. After negotiations with Woolworth Group's administrators, BBC Worldwide purchased Woolworths' 40% stake in 2 Entertain in March 2010 for £17 million, taking full ownership of the company.[110]

Brendlar

Winfield

The Winfield brand was launched by Woolworths in 1963 and continued until the 1980s. Goods sold under the brand included household cleaners, groceries, kitchenware, perfumes and other ranges e.g. fishing tackle.[111]

Chad Valley

Chad Valley was launched in 1991 to create an own label range of merchandise. The Chad Valley brand name, which has been in existence since 1860, is used on a range of toys and games suitable for children under 8 years old. Uy chakana savdo guruhi, bosh kompaniyasi Argos va Homebase, purchased the brand for £5 million on 20 January 2009.[112] Chad Valley first appeared exclusively in the Autumn/Winter 2009 Argos catalogue.

Ladybird

Ladybird is a brand of children's wear for children aged 0–10 years which was sold exclusively in Woolworths stores. Before the collapse of the Woolworths chain it was ranked third overall in the childrenswear market, with a market share of 5%. Woolworths purchased rights to the Ladybird brand in 1984, purchasing it outright from Palto Viyella in 2001. The brand has a history which dates back to a trading partnership beginning in 1934 between the original firm Adolf Pasold & Son[113] and Woolworths. On 1 February 2009, Shop Direct Group purchased the brand and whole rights from the administrators.[114]

Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ a b Coslett, Paul (2 December 2008). "The birth of a shopping tradition". BBC. Olingan 15 avgust 2013.
  2. ^ Graham Tibbetts (26 November 2008). "History of Woolworths". Telegraf. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi on 16 September 1017. That store in Liverpool was called FW Woolworths, a subsidiary of the US parent which was started in 1879 [..] Woolies [..] eventually came under British ownership in 1982
  3. ^ "A History of the World - Object: Share Certificate from F. W. Woolworth". bbc.co.uk. BBC. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2016 yil 13-iyulda. Woolworths Group plc originally was the British unit of F.W. Woolworths, but operated independently as a separate company from 1982.
  4. ^ Lavan, Rosie (26 November 2008). "A history of Woolies: 99 years of pic 'n' mix". The Times. Olingan 11 dekabr 2008.
  5. ^ "Opinion: Don't cry for Woolworths.. its time was up". Oyna. 2008 yil 27-noyabr. Olingan 11 dekabr 2008.
  6. ^ a b "Woolworths enters administration". BBC yangiliklari. 26 November 2008. Olingan 26 noyabr 2008.
  7. ^ "Woolworths stores to close". BBC yangiliklari. 17 dekabr 2008 yil. Olingan 17 dekabr 2008.
  8. ^ "Woolworths Group plc - Home page". 27 Fevral 2009. Arxivlangan asl nusxasi 2009 yil 27 fevralda. Olingan 21 mart 2014.
  9. ^ "Woolworths Group plc". DueDil. Olingan 12 noyabr 2015.
  10. ^ Matthew Chapman (1 June 2015). "Shop Direct closes Woolworths site as brand name sell-off speculation begins". Retail Week. Olingan 28 fevral 2016.
  11. ^ "The first British F.W. Woolworth". Woolworths Virtual Museum. Olingan 4 noyabr 2017.
  12. ^ Woolworths Group Plc., et al. (2006). "The Woolworths Virtual Museum - The European connection - Frank Woolworth's second home" -- "As he grew older it was fashionable for Americans to trace their ancestry - particularly if they could trace their roots back to the "old country" - England or Ireland. ... Frank's research [-es] indicated a strong link with Woolley, Cambridgeshire and he used to claim that he could trace his line back through the Pilgrim Fathers to a farm in middle England."
  13. ^ "Overview of the F.W. Woolworth 5 & 10¢ Store's first twenty-one years". Woolworths Virtual Museum. Olingan 20 avgust 2013.
  14. ^ "William Lawrence Stephenson". Woolworths Virtual Museum. Olingan 20 avgust 2013.
  15. ^ Woolworth, Frank W. (personal communication 19 May 1909) -- "It has been a dream of mine for the past ten years to establish a chain of stores in the UK and have asked for volunteers, but have received no offers from any of the managers until in March 1909 when I was taken ill, Mr. Fred Woolworth of the Sixth Avenue, N.Y. Store and Mr. Samuel Balfour of the 14th Street, N.Y. Store came up to see me while I was ill and offered their services as volunteers to open up stores in England."
  16. ^ Woolworth, Frank W. (personal communication 19 May 1909) -- " ... and it is expected that these three gentlemen will sail with me", for England
  17. ^ Carson, Peck C. (personal communication 11 June 1909) -- "I have seen bunches of boys blindly follow a leader in all sorts of dangers: I have seen them follow a leader into all sorts of good things. There is no question but that you have had a good leader during your business career and I admire your blind faith in his leadership, but I want to say one or two things, and would like to find out, if possible, whether this rush to get away from present conditions is because of a spirit of adventure or dissatisfaction with your present conditions."
  18. ^ Carson, Peck C. (personal communication 11 June 1909) -- "Now, strange as it may seem on looking over these return sheets, I should judge without having it scheduled up, that at least 150 out of 220 managers have blindly volunteered their services for they know not what."
  19. ^ Carson, Peck C. (personal communication 11 June 1909)
  20. ^ Woolworths Group Plc., et al. (2006). "The Woolworths Virtual Museum - The first British store - Church Street, Liverpool 1909" Retrieved on 27 September 2007 from [1] Arxivlandi 2007 yil 9-avgust Orqaga qaytish mashinasi
  21. ^ Woolworths Group Plc., et al. (2006). "The Woolworths Virtual Museum - The first British store - Church Street, Liverpool 1909" -- "Many thousands of people yesterday afternoon and evening availed themselves of the opportunity afforded by the proprietors, Messrs. F. W. Woolworth & Co. Ltd., of inspecting their new stores at Church Street and Williamson Street. " Newspaper Excerpt from the "Liverpool Courier", 27 September 2007
  22. ^ Woolworths Group Plc., et al. (2006). "The Woolworths Virtual Museum - The first British store - Church Street, Liverpool 1909" -- "Many no doubt attracted by the novel character of the business transacted. 6D is the highest price charged for any single article in the establishment, but the variety of articles obtainable is infinite. ... Though none were on sale, the goods were laid out ready for the commencement of business to-day, and occasioned the visitors considerable surprise in the matter of their exceptional value. " Newspaper Excerpt from the "Liverpool Courier", 27 September 2007
  23. ^ "The first British F.W. Woolworth store opens on Friday 5 November, 1909". Woolworths Virtual Museum. Olingan 20 avgust 2013.
  24. ^ Woolworths Group Plc., et al. (2006). "The Woolworths Virtual Museum - The first British store - Church Street, Liverpool 1909" -- "Most items were either 3D (1.25p) or 6D, with occasional special lines just one old penny. The fine mahogany counters were stacked full of china and glassware, all at much lower prices than in other British stores.... The secret was mass production, with Woolworths placing big orders, paid for in cash, to secure better prices."
  25. ^ "The Great War of 1914-1918: lest we forget". Woolworths Virtual Museum. Olingan 20 avgust 2013.
  26. ^ Woolworths Group Plc., et al. (2006). The Americans offered help, but the British company were keen to prove their worth. A number of women were promoted into the store management positions they so richly deserved, albeit only on a temporary basis. Business continued as usual.
  27. ^ Woolworths Group Plc., et al. (2006). However, the war presented a big problem, particularly for the American company. They had become dependent on European imports for major parts of their business. At the outset of the Great War European factories were far more modern than their American counterparts. Europe had embraced the new technologies and working practices of mass production in a way that was yet to take hold in the US.
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