Biao tili - Biao language

Biao
MahalliyXitoy
MintaqaHuaiji okrugi va Fengkay okrugi, Guandun
Mahalliy ma'ruzachilar
80,000 (2002)[1]
Kra-Dai
Lotin yozuvi
Til kodlari
ISO 639-3byk
Glottologbiao1257[2]

The Biao tili (Xitoy : 标 话; shuningdek, nomi bilan tanilgan Kan Bau yoki Kang Beu) a Kra-day tili (yoki ehtimol uchta tilda)[3] janubi-g'arbiy qismida gapirish Huaiji okrugi va Fengkay okrugi, Zhaoqing, Guandun. Autonimlar kaːŋ11 peu̯55 va kaːŋ11 paːu̯55.

Ushbu tilda so'zlashuvchilar xon xitoylik etnik guruhlarning bir qismi sifatida tasniflanadi.

Tasnifi

Yoqdi Lakkiya, Kra-Dai oilasida biao tilining genetik mansubligi noaniq, garchi bu opa ning Kam-Sui tillari.[4][5] Xsiu (2014)[6] Biao ham kichik guruhga ega bo'lishi mumkinligini taklif qiladi Lakkiya, yoki mustaqil filialini tashkil qiladi Kra-Dai o'z-o'zidan.

Fonologiya

Biaoning uchta shevasi uchun ohang toifalari va kontur ohanglari quyidagicha (Liang 2002: 53):

Ohanglar toifasiShidunYongguDagang
1˥ 55˥ 55˥˦ 54
2˨˩˦ 214˧˩ 31˧˩ 31
3˥˦ 54˥˦ 54˧˥ 35
4˩˧˨ 132˨˩˧ 213˩˧˨ 132
5˧˥ 35˨ 22˧˦ 34
6˨ 22˦˨ 42˨ 22
7 (ovozsiz tekshirilgan)˥ 55˥ 55˥ 55
9 (ovozsiz tekshirilgan)˧˥ 35˧ 33˧˦ 34
8 (ovozli tekshiruv)˩˨ 12˨˩ 21˨ 22
10 (ovozli tekshiruv)˨ 22˦˨ 42˦˨ 42

Lahjalar

Biaoning uchta lahjasi mavjud (Hsiu 2014).[6] Shidong shevasi Liang (2002) tomonidan batafsil hujjatlashtirilgan. Yonggu va Dagang dialektlaridan olingan qo'shimcha ma'lumotlar Hsiu (2014) tomonidan hujjatlashtirilgan. Yonggu Biao fonologiyasining eskizlari Lin (2009) da hujjatlashtirilgan.[7]

  • Shidong 诗 洞
  • Yonggu 永固
  • Dagang 大 岗

Yang (2012: 73)[8] Biaoning beshta shevasi uchun quyidagi leksik taqqoslashni ta'minlaydi.

Ingliz porlashiXitoy porlashiShidong 诗 洞Hezhou 贺州Yonggu 永固Dagang 大 岗Liangcun 梁村
suyak骨头iɐk8iɐk8iɐk8iɐk8iɐk8
er, tuproqpʰiɐn1pʰɛn1p3piɛn1piɛn1
tana sochlari, tuklariɐŋ1iɐŋ6iaŋ2iɛŋ6iɛŋ6
stol桌子tsøŋ4tsøŋ4tsoŋ2pɐt7tsoŋ6; tøy6pɐt7tsoŋ6
sabzavot蔬 (菜 种 得 蔬)lɛu5; liau5liau5lɛu5ly5ly5
uzoq vaqt)久 (很久 不见)si2si6tsi2tsɐi6tsɐi6
itmu3mu3mɔ1mɔ1mɔ1
to'quv (savat)编 (编 簸箕)hɔo1hɔo1hɔ1hɔ1hɔ1

Liang (2002: 53-55, 61-62) Biaoning uchta lahjasi uchun quyidagi qiyosiy ma'lumotlarni keltiradi.

Ingliz porlashiXitoy porlashiShidong 诗 洞Yonggu 永固Dagang 大 岗Sahifa raqami
poyabzalhaːi4aːi2aːi253
qo'lhy2ia2ia253
kiritinghɔ2ɔ4ɔ453
turmoq站立ɲyn1ɲyn1nyn153
sirg'a耳环ɲɛŋ6ɲɛŋ653
suvnaːm4ːaːm4nia454
siydik尿6u6uiu6nɛu654
yomg'irtsʰan1tsʰɛn1san154
yilpɛ1pʰui1pʰui154
kamonkʰuŋ3kuŋ1kuŋ154
greypfrut柚子lak8pʰɔ3lak8pø154
tanbehly5lia554
kesib o'tishty6tiə6lia654
tikan, shpil刺儿ky33354
barg树叶my1mi1mi154
li (masofa)一 “里” 路ly14454
tayoqchalartsy6tsy6tsy654
kitobsy3sy1sy154
oy月亮pʰyn1pʰyn1pun154
ozod qilish (qush)放 (鸟)pyŋ5puŋ554
sarimsoq5yn55un554
turishɲyn1ɲyn1nyn154
qizillyŋ5luŋ5luŋ554
osmon, kun天 、 日jan2wɛn2man255
ilontsʰy1tʰo1tsʰo155
kunman1man161
shamollam2lam261
sovuqmai1mui161
suv havzasi池塘tsam2tɛm261
sholi maydoni水田jo6jo661
olovpai1pai161
kunKunlarjan2wɛn261
oyoqpuk7puk761
bolaliak8lɛk861
nabiralɔn1lɔn161
sotishpʰa1pʰa161
kelnaŋ1nuŋ161
qoramuk7muk761
qoramol黄牛mɔ2ŋau261
ninachilik蜻蜓tam1ɲɛu3kam5tsʰe361
chigirtka蚱蜢ha1ɲak7maːŋ361
daraxtmuk8mi461
banan芭蕉muk8juk8wai2θiəu161
unib chiqishmiu42a261
til舌头tsʰu1pʰyə162
o'tirishnaŋ6pʰɔ362
will, kelasi zamonsuk8ui662
qonjan2lyt1062
tashlab yuborish)扔 (丢)san5fak762
foydalanishsai1yuŋ662

Tarqatish

Biaoning navlariga Shidong 诗 诗, Yonggu 永固, Qiaotou 桥头 va Dagang 大 大 lahjalari kiradi (Liang 2002: 3). Yilda Fengkay okrugi, bu Chang'an 长安, Jinzhuang 金 装 va Qixing in tillarida gapiriladi. The Fengshan okrugi almanaxi (1998) Fengkay okrugida, (piau42) Chang'an 长安, Baoshan 宝山 va Dongshan 东山 shaharchalaridagi 48 ta tabiiy qishloqlarda 7217 kishi gapiradi. Fengkai Biaoning xabar berishicha Fengshan okrugi almanaxi (1998) ning Biao tilidan alohida dialekt bo'lishi Huaiji okrugi. Yang (2011) ning xabar berishicha, Biao Lianduda, He'erkouda esa Fengkay okrugi va Shatian 沙田镇, Hezhou, Guansi. Shatian Town, Hezhou shahrida (ya'ni Fanglin 芳林, Dapan 大盘, Qiaotou 桥头 va Guishan 桂山) tarqalgan Biaoning 4 navi uchun qiyosiy leksik ma'lumotlar Chen & Yang (2011: 99-100) da keltirilgan.

Yang (2010)

Yang Biwan (2010) ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, Biaoning 160 mingdan ortiq ma'ruzachilari mavjud.[9]

  • Huaiji okrugi
    • Shidong Township 诗 洞 镇 (16 qishloq): 55000 ma'ruzachi. Baiya 白 崖 话 Tszianfen, Jinsha va Feng'an tillarida gapiriladi.
    • Yonggu Township 永固 镇 (shaharchadagi barcha 12 qishloq): 40,000 ma'ruzachilar
    • Qiaotou Township (3 qishloq): 10000 ma'ruzachi
      • Xinning 宁 宁: Tansi 潭 泗, Rongling 榕 岭
      • Xinping: Jinji 金鸡, Gongxian 公 Da, Dahekou 大 和 口, Songgenling 松 根 岭, Doushui 斗 水
      • Hongguang: Guihua, Zhiwu, phi, Wanghaotang, thxng, Tanxing.
      • Kichik raqamlar Tszinzin Tszyu Tsyu, Baofeng Anshe, Fenjjen Liuua singari tarqalgan.
    • Dagang Township 大 岗镇 (12 qishloq): 30000 ma'ruzachi. Xiafang 下 坊 话 Shiqun 石 群 va Sibao 四 保 tillarida gapiriladi.
      • Dihou 地 厚 (barcha qishloqlar)
      • Liangshui (barcha qishloqlar)
      • Fulou: Laochen, Laoxuan, Tszian'gang, Linwu, Shangcaytang, Syasaytang
      • Tanzhu 谭 珠: Dongxiang, Taiping, Liwu, Tangmei, Liuwu, Tansha, Sanwu, 屋 屋
      • Xiulin 秀林: Baiwu 白 屋, Linghui 岭 惠, Langwei 浪 Bit, Bitang 碧 塘, Xanggen 杭 根, Shankou Zh, Chjuyuan 竹园, Rongshu 榕树, Fenglin 枫林, Xiulin 秀林, Pangmey, Xiaguo 下 o
      • Shangting 亭 亭: Guowu, Benji, Sanzhong, Shegang, Zhuwu, Hongshu
      • Shitian 石田: Niewu 聂 屋, Liancun 连 村, Qidou 七 斗
      • Linggang: Shangzhai, Tsziling, Fenshui
      • Dazhong 大 钟: Qilong, Lianhui, Baishi, Miaozhong, Ejing, Miaoshang.
      • Shangshi 上石: Fujing, Zhongxinwu, Shenshui, Zhongxindong, Yangshu, Shanggaowu, zh 高 屋, Lezhai 勒 寨
      • Jiyi 集 义: Shuangxi Tan, Tanbian 谭 变, Shuangshimiao 双狮 庙
      • Tanying: Muyuan 木 园, Xiazhai 下寨, Guantang 关 塘, Kangen 榄 根, Liangvu 梁 屋
    • Liangcun Township 梁 村镇 (7 qishloq): 18000 ma'ruzachi. Xiafang 下 坊 话 Liyang 李 Lin va Linwu 林 屋 tillarida gapiriladi.
      • Zhenwu 镇 武 (barcha qishloqlar)
      • Syangtian 湘 田 (barcha qishloqlar)
      • Shatian 沙田: Matou 码头, Xinlou 新 B, Baylon 白龙, Dacheng 大成, Xuangtang 黄塘, Tanle 谭 了
      • Guangming 光明: Tanpin 谭 聘, Mumian 木棉, Luokong 罗 Dat, Datian ang, Nan'an 东, Beixiang 北 向, Dongxiang 东 向, Nanxiang 南 向
      • Liangcun: Huilonggang, Tanyuan 谭 园
      • Yongyou 永 X: Xiayou 下 攸, Xixiang 西 向
      • Lanma 栏 马: Lanzhong, Baiuu, Sanzhe, Nansheao, Dasonggen, Taiping ing
  • Fengkay okrugi
    • Chang'an shaharchasi (3 qishloq): 7000 ma'ruzachi
      • Chang'an 长安 (qishloqlarning 80%)
      • Dongshan 东山 (barcha qishloqlar)
      • Baoshan 宝山: Xialuochai 下 罗 W, Wenlin 文林, Shandong 上 D (Dongdui 东 队), Shangxi 上 西 (Xidui 西 队), Qiaotou J, Jiongzhou 迥 迥, Sushui 宿 F, Fankou 范 口, Dakou 大 大
    • Liandu Township 莲 都 镇 (4 qishloq): 1300 ma'ruzachi; Shidongdan kelgan ajdodlar.
      • Sicun Shu 村: Shuilai 水 来
      • Tsingshui: Yangmei, Zhongxin, Yonggu, pangu, Datang, Tongyou, Luoya, Dajiang,
      • Shendi: Yingxiong, Kengjiao, Heliping
      • Yuntang: Dalang 大浪
    • He'erkou Township 河 儿 口镇 (4 qishloq): 1750 ma'ruzachi; Shidongdan kelgan ajdodlar.
      • Dongguan (3 ta tabiiy qishloq)
      • Xiangyang 向阳 (barcha qishloqlar)
      • Sandong 三 洞 (qishloqlarning 20%)
      • Pingdong (barcha qishloqlar)
  • Hezhou
    • Shatian Township 沙田镇 (4 qishloq): 20 keksa ma'ruzachilar; Shidongdan kelgan ajdodlar.
      • Qiaotou 9-klaster 桥头 第 9 组
      • Dapan shahridagi Sanzhen
      • Guishan 3 va 4 klasterlari 桂山 第 3、4 组
      • Fanglin 11-klaster 芳林 芳林 11 组

Yang (2012)[8] buni ta'kidlaydi toponimlar Yonggu 永固 shaharchasida "Luo 罗" nomi bilan Shidong 诗 洞 shaharchasida toponimlar "Liu 六", "Feng 凤" va "Nan 南" bilan kelib chiqqan.

Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ Liang Min (2002)
  2. ^ Xammarstrom, Xarald; Forkel, Robert; Xaspelmat, Martin, nashr. (2017). "Biaoik". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germaniya: Maks Plank nomidagi Insoniyat tarixi fanlari instituti.
  3. ^ Xammarstrom, Xarald; Forke, Robert; Xaspelmat, Martin; Bank, Sebastyan, nashrlar. (2020). "Biaoik". Glottolog 4.3.
  4. ^ Edmondson, Jerold A. va Devid B. Solnit, muharrirlar. 1988. Qiyosiy qiyosiy: Taydan tashqari lingvistik tadqiqotlar. Yozgi tilshunoslik instituti va Arlingtondagi Texas universiteti. Tilshunoslikdagi nashrlar, 86. Dallas: Yozgi tilshunoslik instituti va Arlingtondagi Texas universiteti. vii, 374 p.
  5. ^ Edmondson, Jerold A. va Devid B. Solnit, muharrirlar. 1997 yil. Qiyosiy Kadai: Tai filiali. Yozgi tilshunoslik instituti va Arlingtondagi Texas universiteti, tilshunoslik bo'yicha nashrlar, 124. Dallas: yozgi tilshunoslik instituti va Arlingtondagi Texas universiteti. vi, 382 p.
  6. ^ a b Xsiu, Endryu. 2014 yil. Xitoyning Guangdong shimoli-g'arbiy qismidagi biao tillari. Yangilar universiteti, Yangon, Myanma, SEALS 24-da taqdim etilgan. (PPT slaydlari ) doi:10.5281 / zenodo.1127818
  7. ^ Lin, Lunlun 林伦伦. 2009 yil. Guangdong Huaiji Yonggu Biaohua yinxi ji qi zhuyao tedian 广东 怀集 永固 标 话音 系 及其 主要 特点. Nanfang Yuyanxue 南方 语言学 (1), 143-151.
  8. ^ a b Yang Biwan 杨 璧 菀. 2012 yil. Biaohuani saqlash va muhofaza qilish to'g'risida 论 标 话 的 保存 保存 和 保护. Nanning politexnika jurnali s南宁n 技术 学院 学报 17 (3).
  9. ^ Yang Biwan [杨 璧 菀] (2010). Biaohua de mingcheng youlai ji dili fenbu 标 话 的 名称 由来 及 地理 分布 分布.