Xemilton, Yangi Zelandiya - Hamilton, New Zealand - Wikipedia

Xemilton Kirikiriroa  (Maori )
Shahar
Hamilton Till's Lookout-dan, Whitiora-dan Fairfield Bridge-ga, SH1, Maori bog'i, Xemilton stantsiyasi, shahar ofislari va WINTEC-da harakatlanish.
Taxalluslar: Hamiltron, Tron,[1] H-Town.[1] Ilgari: Favvoralar shahri.[2]
Hamilton hududiy hokimiyatining joylashgan joyi
Xemilton Hamilton, Yangi Zelandiya Yangi Zelandiya xaritasini ko'rsatish Xemilton Xemilton (Shimoliy orol) Shimoliy orol xaritasini ko'rsatish
Koordinatalari: 37 ° 47′S 175 ° 17′E / 37.783 ° S 175.283 ° E / -37.783; 175.283Koordinatalar: 37 ° 47′S 175 ° 17′E / 37.783 ° S 175.283 ° E / -37.783; 175.283
Mamlakat	Yangi Zelandiya
Orol	Shimoliy orol
Mintaqa	Vaykato mintaqa
Hududiy hokimiyat	Xemilton Siti
Hukumat
• shahar hokimi	Pola Sautgeyt
• shahar hokimi o'rinbosari	Geoff Teylor
Maydon [3]
• Hududiy	110,8 km2 (42,8 kvadrat milya)
• shahar	110,37 km2 (42,61 kvadrat milya)
Balandlik	40 m (131 fut)
Aholisi  (Iyun 2020)[4]
• Hududiy	176,500
• zichlik	1600 / km2 (4100 / kvadrat milya)
• Shahar	176,500
• Shaharlarning zichligi	1600 / km2 (4100 / kvadrat milya)
• Demonim	Hamiltoniyalik
Vaqt zonasi	UTC + 12 (NZST )
• Yoz (DST )	UTC + 13 (NZDT)
Pochta (lar)	3200, 3204, 3206, 3210, 3214, 3216
Hudud kodlari	07
Mahalliy iwi	Tainui
Veb-sayt	www.hamilton.govt.nz www.waikatoregion.govt.nz

Xemilton (Maori: Kirikiriroa) shahardir Shimoliy orol ning Yangi Zelandiya. Bu shaharning aholisi eng ko'p joylashgan shahri Waykato viloyati, hududiy aholisi 176,5 ming kishi,^[4] mamlakat aholisi ko'p bo'lgan to'rtinchi shahar. Taxminan 110 km er maydonini o'z ichiga oladi² (42 kvadrat milya)^[5] qirg'og'ida Vaykato daryosi, Xemilton kengroq qismdir Xemilton shahar atrofi yaqin atrofdagi shaharlarni ham qamrab oladi Ngaravaxiya, Te Avamutu va Kembrij. 2020 yilda Xemilton Yangi Zelandiyaning eng chiroyli yirik shahri unvoniga sazovor bo'ldi.^[6]

Hozir shahar qamrab olgan hudud dastlab bir necha kishining joylashgan joyi bo'lgan Maori qishloqlar, shu jumladan shahar maori nomini olgan Kirikiriroa. Ingliz ko'chmanchilari kelguniga qadar, Waykato daryosi yonida o'tirgan ushbu qishloqlarning aksariyati Вайkatoning bosqini va erlarni musodara qilish (Raupatu) toj tomonidan.

Dastlab qishloq xo'jaligiga xizmat ko'rsatish markazi bo'lgan Xemilton hozirgi kunda turli-tuman iqtisodiyotga ega va Yangi Zelandiyadagi eng tez o'sib borayotgan uchinchi shahar maydonidir. Pukekohe va Oklend.^[7] Xemilton bog'lari mintaqaning eng mashhur turistik joyidir. Ta'lim va tadqiqot va rivojlantirish Hamilton iqtisodiyotida muhim rol o'ynaydi, chunki shaharda taxminan 40,000 uchinchi darajali talabalar va 1000 PhD malakali olimlar yashaydi.^[8]

Ism

Aholi punkti polkovnik Uilyam Myul tomonidan kapitan nomi bilan nomlangan Jon Feyn Charlz Xemilton,^[9] qo'mondoni HMS Esk, jangda kim o'ldirilgan Pā darvozasi, Tauranga.^[10] 2013 yil 10 martda a kapitan Xemilton haykali tomonidan shaharga berilgan Gallagher guruhi;^[11] shundan beri ba'zilar munozarali deb hisoblashgan imo-ishora.^[12] 2020 yil 12-iyun kuni Hamilton shahar kengashi mahalliy aholining iltimosiga binoan haykalni olib tashladi Maori iwi Waykato Tainui.^[13] Haykalning olib tashlanishi Yangi Zelandiyada va dunyoda mustamlakachilik va irqchilik bilan bog'liq bo'lgan haykallarni olib tashlash chaqiriqlari bilan bog'liq bo'lib, ular norozilik namoyishlari bilan bog'liq o'ldirish ning Jorj Floyd. Mahalliy maori oqsoqoli Taitimu Maipi, 2018 yilda haykalni buzgan, shuningdek shaharni asl maori nomi bo'lgan Kirikiriroa deb o'zgartirishga chaqirdi.^[14]

Tarix

Hozirda shahar qamrab olgan hudud dastlab bir nechta Maori qishloqlari (kainga) joylashgan edi, shu jumladan Pukete, Miropiko va Kirikiriroa ("shag'alning uzunligi"), undan shahar maori nomini oldi, mahalliy maori reydlar nishoniga aylandi. tomonidan Ngapuhi davomida Mushket urushlari,^[29] va bir nechta pā Waikato daryosi yonida ushbu davrga oid saytlarni topish mumkin. 2011 yil dekabr oyida Waikato muzeyiga yaqin joyda, Waykato daryosi bo'yida bir nechta rua yoki oziq-ovqat omborlari topildi.

1822 yilda Kirikiriroa Pa qisqa vaqt ichida Musket urushlaridan qochish uchun tark etildi. Biroq, 1830-yillarga kelib Ngati Vayrere Asosiy pa Kirikiriroa edi,^[30] qaerda o'sha paytda kelgan missionerlar,^[31] taxminiy 200 kishi doimiy yashagan.^[30] Kirikiriroada ruhoniylarni ziyorat qilish uchun cherkov va uy qurildi,^[32] ehtimol keyin Benjamin Ashuell missiyasini Taupiri yaqinida o'rnatdi.

1845 va 1855 yillar oralig'ida bug'doy, meva va kartoshka kabi ekinlar Oklendga eksport qilindi, Kirikiriroa xizmatida 50 kanoeda xizmat ko'rsatildi. Import ko'rpa, kiyim-kechak, bolta, shakar, rom va tamaki mahsulotlarini o'z ichiga olgan.^[32] Tegirmon toshlari sotib olindi va suv g'ildiragi qurildi, ehtimol un zavodi qurib bitkazilmagan.^[30] Biroq, bitta maqolada Kirikiriroa unining taniqli ekanligi aytilgan.^[33]

Magistrat Gorst, Kirikiriroaning 1863-64 yillardagi Vaikato urushlari orqali Vaykatoning istilosidan oldin taxminan 78 kishini tashkil etganini taxmin qildi. Hukumat Waikato hududida bir vaqtning o'zida Maori aholisi 3400 kishidan iborat bo'lgan deb taxmin qildi. Вайkatodagi urushdan so'ng, 1863 yilgi Yangi Zelandiya aholi punktlari to'g'risidagi qonuni bo'yicha toj tomonidan nohaq musodara qilingan katta erlar (1,2 million akr), shu jumladan hozirgi Hamilton shahri hududi.^[34] 1863 yildan keyin ingliz ko'chmanchilari kelgan vaqtga kelib, ushbu qishloqlarning aksariyati tark qilingan edi erlarni musodara qilish, shuningdek, nomi bilan tanilgan Raupatu. Keyin Вайkatoning bosqini va bosib olingan erni musodara qilish, militsiya-ko'chmanchilar Melburn va Sidneyda yollangan.^[35] 1864 yil 10-avgustda hukumat Kirikiriroada 10 ta kulbani va kasalxonani qurish uchun tenderlar e'lon qildi.^[36] Xemiltonni Waykato militsiyasining 4-polkiga joylashtirdilar.^[35] 1-polk edi Tauranga, 2-da Pirongia, 3-chi Kembrijda va 4-chi Kirikiriroada.^[31][37] Aholi punkti 1864 yil 24-avgustda tashkil etilgan.^[38] 1863 yilgi urushdan keyin fermerlik bilan shug'ullanmoqchi bo'lgan ko'plab askar / ko'chmanchilar, sifatsizligi sababli 1868 yilda o'z erlaridan chiqib ketishdi. Erning katta qismi botqoqli yoki suv ostida bo'lgan. 1868 yilda Xamiltonning aholisi, 1864 yilda 1000 ga yaqin bo'lgan, fermerlar ketishi bilan 300 ga kamaydi.^[39]

1910 yilda Viktoriya ko'prigi

Oklenddan yo'l 1867 yilda Xemiltonga, 1877 yil dekabrda temir yo'lga etib bordi. Xuddi shu oy shaharlari Xemilton G'arbiy va Xemilton Sharq bitta ostida birlashtirildi tuman kengash.^[40] Hamilton Vest va Hamilton Sharq o'rtasidagi birinchi ko'prik 1879 yilda ochilgan, 1910 yilda Viktoriya ko'prigi bilan almashtirilgan.

Birinchi temir yo'l ko'prigi Klodelands ko'prigi, 1884 yilda ochilgan. 1965 yilda yo'l harakati ko'prigiga aylantirildi.^[41] 1900 yilda Xemilton 1000 kishiga va shaharcha Frankton 1917 yilda Xemilton tumani bilan birlashtirilgan.^[37] 1912-1936 yillarda Gemilton yangi erlar bilan kengayib bordi Klodelands (1912), Maeroa (1925) va Richmond - zamonaviy kun Waikato kasalxonasi va shimoliy Melvill (1936).^[42] Xemilton 1945 yilda shahar deb e'lon qilindi.^[31]

Hood ko'chasi 1962 yilda

Shahar Waikato daryosining eng janubiy navigatsiya yo'nalishi yaqinida (bir paytlar asosan Raupo va Kahikatea botqoqligi bo'lgan Yangi Zelandiyaning eng boy va hozir unumdor qishloq xo'jaligi erlari orasida).^[43] Beale Cottage Hamilton Sharqdagi 1872 yilda ro'yxatga olingan bino.

1985 yildan Vaipa deltasi^[44] shahar markazi orqali daryo bo'ylab ekskursiyalarni taqdim etdi. 2009 yilda Vaipa deltasi^[45] sayohatlarni ta'minlash uchun ko'chirildi Waitematā Makoni Oklendda,^[46] ammo o'rniga kichikroq qayiq qo'yilgan. Bu ham ishlamay qoldi va ponton da Parana bog'i 2013 yilda olib tashlangan.^[47] The Delta 2012 yilda Taupoga ko'chib o'tgan.^[48] Sobiq Oltin bay kema,^[49] Sintiya shudring, haftada 4 kun ishlaydi^[50] 2012 yildan beri daryoda.^[51]

Xemilton bugun

Hood ko'chasining burchagi.

Xamilton markazidagi Hood ko'chasi.

Uaykato daryosi bo'yidagi Xemilton Markaziy - bu gavjum chakana savdo uchastkasi. O'quvchilar soni ko'pligi sababli ko'ngilochar joy juda jonli. 2008 yil Yolg'iz sayyora yo'riqnomada aytilishicha, "shaharning asosiy ko'chasida dam olish kunlari hech bo'lmaganda Oklenddan chiqib ketadigan bar va restoranlarning murakkab va jonli qismi o'sib chiqqan. Viaduct Makoni kulgili qoziqlardagi o'liklar uchun. "^[52] Shaharning ko'plab joylari va diqqatga sazovor joylari eskisida joylashgan Shahar kamari, shu jumladan Xemilton bog'lari, Waykato stadioni, Seddon bog'i,va Hamilton ko'li domeni.

2016 yildan boshlab shahar tez o'sishda davom etmoqda. Rivojlanish shaharning shimoliy qismida joylashgan, ammo 2012 yilda kengash shahar janubidagi shaharsozlik rivojlanishini tasdiqlash orqali shahar o'sishini muvozanatlash to'g'risida qaror qabul qildi. Trafik zichligi aholi sonining ko'payishi hisobiga ortib bormoqda, ammo kengash tez o'sishni davom ettirish uchun ko'plab yo'llarni rivojlantirish loyihalarini amalga oshirdi.^[53] Davlat avtomagistrali 1 g'arbiy va janubiy chekkalari bo'ylab o'tadi va katta tutashgan joyga ega Davlat avtomagistrali 3 shahar markazining janubida, bu tirbandlikka yordam beradi. Hamilton shahar kengashi 25 km shahar atrofi yaratish uchun shimoliy va sharqiy chekka hududlari orqali Wairere Drive-dan 2/4 qatorli magistral yo'lni qurmoqda. halqa yo'li 2015 yil boshida tugatilishi kerak bo'lgan Davlat avtomagistrali 1 bilan.,^[54] Yangi Zelandiya transport agentligi esa Hamilton qismini yakunlashni rejalashtirmoqda Waikato Expressway 2019 yilga kelib, 1-avtomagistralni shahar tashqarisiga olib chiqib, uni sharqqa aylanib o'tishda.^[55]

Xemiltonning tez o'sishi yon ta'sirini olib keldi shaharlarning kengayishi ayniqsa shaharning shimoliy sharqida Rototuna maydon. Keyinchalik rivojlanish Rototuna va Tovus shahar atrofi.^[56] Ning sezilarli rivojlanishi kuzatildi turmush tarzi bloklari xususan, Hamilton shahar maydoniga qo'shni Tamahere va Matangi.

Shahar atrofi ro'yxati

G'arbiy Xemilton shahar atrofi

Beerescourt; Yomonroq; Crawshaw; Deanvel; Dinsdeyl; Fitzroy; O'rmon ko'li; Frankton; Glenview; Grandview Heights; Xemilton Markaziy; Xemilton shimoli; Xemilton G'arbiy; Livingstone; Maeroa; Melvill; Navton; Tovus; Pukete; Rotokauri; Sent-Endryus; Stonebridge; Te Rapa; Temple View; Tornton; G'arbiy balandliklar; Whitiora.

Sharqiy Xemilton shahar atrofi

Ashmore; Kallum Brae; Xartvel; Chedworth Park; Claudelands; Enderli; Feyrfild; Fairview Downs; Flagstaff; Xemilton Sharq; Harrouild; Hillcrest; Xantington; Magellan Rise; Queenwood; Ruakura; Riverlea; Rototuna; Silverdale; Somerset balandligi; Sent-Jeyms parki; Sankt-Peterburg.

Hamilton shaharchasidagi shaharchalar / shahar atrofi

Kembrij, Te Avamutu, Ngaruavaxiya, Taupiri, Horotiu, Horsham Downs, Huntly, Gordonton, Ohaupo, Ngāhinapōuri, Te Kowhai, Whatawhata, Tamahere, Matangi, Tauvar, Rukuhiya, Kihikihi.

Geografiya

Ushbu bo'lim uchun qo'shimcha iqtiboslar kerak tekshirish. Iltimos yordam bering ushbu maqolani yaxshilang tomonidan ishonchli manbalarga iqtiboslarni qo'shish. Ma'lumot manbasi bo'lmagan material shubha ostiga olinishi va olib tashlanishi mumkin. Manbalarni toping: "Xemilton, Yangi Zelandiya"  – Yangiliklar  · gazetalar  · kitoblar  · olim  · JSTOR (2018 yil oktyabr) (Ushbu shablon xabarini qanday va qachon olib tashlashni bilib oling)

Parana bog'idan Hamilton markazidagi Vaykato daryosi

Xemiltonning geografiyasi asosan vulkanik kulning ketma-ket qulashi, shuningdek, chiqindilar chiqindilarining oqibatida kamida ikki katta toshqinda Vaikato daryosini ag'darib tashlagan, bu esa kulning chiqishini to'sib qo'ygan. Taupo ko'li. Hozirgi shaklida landshaft taxminan 20000 yil oldin (20 ka) paydo bo'lgan Oruanui otilishi da Taupo. Otish uchun berilgan sanalar har xil. 2007 yilgi tadqiqotda bu 22,5 dan 14 ka gacha bo'lganligi aytilgan.^[57] 2004 yilda boshqasi 26,5 ka. Portlashdan keyin Taupo ko'li hozirgi ko'ldan taxminan 145 m (476 fut) balandlikda ko'tarilgan. Taxminan 20 ka. kul to'g'oni yemirilib, ko'l tezda 75 metrga (246 fut) tushib, katta toshqinlarni keltirib chiqardi. Ular olib yurgan kul asosiy Hinuera yuzasini hosil qildi allyuvial fan Gemiltondan shimolga cho'zilib, taxminan 60 m (200 fut) dan pastga tushadigan vulkanik kul Karapiro. Waykato dengizga oqib o'tish yo'nalishini o'zgartirdi Temza taxminan o'sha paytda, ehtimol cho'kindi jinsi The torf ko'llari va o'sha paytda botqoqlar ham shakllangan; uglerod bilan tanishish maksimal yoshni 22,5 dan 17 ka gacha beradi. Tufayli muzlik davri, o'simliklar kulni qayta tiklash uchun sekin edi, shuning uchun qumtepalar mahalliy Hinuera yuzasidan 25 m (82 fut) balandlikda hosil bo'lgan. Hozirgi Waykato vodiysi taxminan 12 ka atrofida qoldiqlarni kesib tashlagan. va milodiy 181 yilga kelib o'zgartirilgan Xatepening otilishi Yana Taupo ko'li sathi 34 m (112 fut) ga tushib, 20 km masofani bosib o'tdi³ (4,8 kub mi) toshqin, bu atigi bir necha hafta ichida 5 yillik normal oqimga teng.^[58] Taxminan 800 yil oldin yuksalish daryo bo'yini taxminan 8 m (26 fut) ga ko'tarishni boshladi.^[57]

Atrofdagilar kabi ko'plab pasttekisliklar bundan mustasno Вайkato universiteti, Hamilton ko'li, Beerescourt, Silvester Road, Pukete va shaharning g'arbiy qismida va keng jarliklar tarmog'i, shaharning relyefi nisbatan tekis. Te Rapa kabi ba'zi hududlarda qadimiy daryoning bitta eski yo'lini kuzatish mumkin. Nisbatan yumshoq va konsolidatsiyalanmagan tuproq moddasi hali ham yomg'ir va oqish natijasida faol ravishda yemirilmoqda.

Xemilton Markaziy, dan Somerset balandligi

Tabiiy holatida Hamilton va uning atroflari qishda juda botqoq bo'lib, atrofdagi torf erlarga ulangan 30 ta kichik ko'llar bo'lgan. Xemiltonni Shimoliy va Rukuhiya va Komakorau kabi yirik 7 torf botqoqlari o'rab olgan Moanatuatua Janubga, shuningdek, ko'plab kichikroq joylarga quritilgan, faqat kichik qoldiqlar qolgan.^[59] Torf botqog'ining umumiy maydoni taxminan 655 km².^[60] Hamilton Sharqning dastlabki fotosuratlarida o'z o'qlariga qadar qalin loyga ko'milgan aravalar ko'rsatilgan. 1880-yillarga qadar shahardan kemani haydash va Shimoliy Sharqqa ko'plab chekka fermer xo'jaliklariga sudrab borish mumkin edi. Ushbu botqoqli va nam muhit o'sha paytda sil kasalligi tayoqchasi uchun ideal joy deb hisoblangan, bu kashshof kunlarda sog'liq uchun katta xavf edi. Birinchi Hamilton kasalxonasi bu muammoni oldini olish uchun tepalikda qurilgan. 20-asrning 20-yillariga qadar Xamiltonda aholi sonining o'sishining sekinlashishining sabablaridan biri bu shaharni kesib o'tgan chuqur botqoqli jarliklarning ko'pgina qo'llarini ko'paytirishda katta qiyinchilik bo'lgan. Xemiltonda 15 ta uzunlikdagi dendritik jarlik majmualari, uzunligi 15 km, 12 ta shoxcha bor, Kirikiriroa tizimi shaharning shimolida joylashgan va janubdagi Mystery Creek-Kaipaki gullar majmuasi eng yirik.^[61] Boshqalari Mangakotukutuku, Mangaonua va Vaytavxiriviridir.^[62]

O'tgan asrning 30-yillarida, ba'zan Hamilton tepaligi deb ataladigan ko'plab kichik tepaliklardan biri bo'lgan Garden Place Tepalikni belkurak va belkurak va T Ford rusumli yuk mashinalari bilan ishlaydigan ishsizlar olib tashlashdi. Tepalikning g'arbiy qoldiqlari katta beton devor bilan saqlanib qolgan. Dastlabki tepalik hozirgi kundan yugurdi Wintec sayt eski pochta bo'limiga (hozirgi kazino) sharq tomon. Yer shimol tomon yo'nalgan asosiy yo'l Ulster ko'chasidagi Markaziy baptistlar cherkoviga tutash bo'lgan Maeroa daryosini qisman to'ldirish uchun er shimoldan 4 km uzoqlikda olib borildi.^[63]

Rotoroa ko'li (Xemilton ko'li) taxminan 20000 yil oldin shakllana boshladi. Dastlab u qadimgi daryo tizimining bir qismi bo'lib, u cho'kindi moddasi bilan kesilgan va tor yarimorol bilan bo'lingan ikkita kichik ko'lga aylangan. Keng torf eridan g'arbga qadar yog'ingarchilik va drenaj darajasi oshganligi sababli, suv sathi ko'tarilib, tor yarim orol g'arq bo'lib, bitta katta ko'l hosil qildi. Shimoldan ko'l 8 m chuqurlikda, janubda (kasalxona) 6 m chuqurlikda joylashgan. Sharqiy tomonida suv ustida boshlanishi hali ham ko'rinib turadigan qadimgi bo'linadigan yarim orol sirtdan atigi 2 m pastda joylashgan.

Iqlim

Xemiltonning iqlimi okeanik (Köppen: Cfb), Yangi Zelandiyaning okean bilan o'ralganligi sababli yuqori haroratlarda. Mamlakatning eng yirik ichki shahri sifatida qishlari salqin va ertalab Shimoliy orolning asosiy markazlarining eng sovuq haroratini ko'rsatishi mumkin, ular yiliga bir necha marta -3 ° C (27 ° F) gacha pasayadi. Kechasi havo harorati shahar tashqarisida ham salqinroq. Xuddi shu tarzda, yoz har yili 28 ° C (82 ° F) dan yuqori ko'tarilib, mamlakatda eng iliq bo'lishi mumkin. Xemilton shuningdek juda yuqori namlikka ega (masalan, tropik iqlimga o'xshash) Singapur ) haroratni ularnikidan ancha iliqroq yoki sovuqroq his qilishi mumkin.Tuproq sovuqlari tez-tez uchraydi va qor yog'ishi mumkin, ammo kamdan-kam hollarda. Zamonaviy vaqtlarda qayd etilgan yagona qor yog'ishi 2011 yil avgust oyining o'rtalarida uzoq davom etgan sovuq davrda shimolga qadar qor yog'ishini ko'rsatgan engil qorlar edi. Dargavil.

Xemiltonga yiliga 125 kun davomida 1100 mm atrofida katta yog'ingarchilik tushadi. Bu yil davomida taxminan 2000 soatlik quyosh nurlari bilan Gemilton va uning atrofini yaratadi Vaykato nihoyatda serhosil mintaqa.

Odatda yoz quruq va qishda nam bo'ladi. Tuman qishki tonglarda tez-tez uchraydi, ayniqsa ularga yaqin Vaykato daryosi shahar markazidan o'tuvchi. Gemilton - dunyodagi eng tumanli shaharlardan biri, ammo tuman odatda tushdan keyin yonib, quyoshli va sokin qish kunlarini keltirib chiqaradi.^[64]Gemilton shuningdek, baland tepaliklar va tog'lar bilan o'ralgan depressiyada, ichki joylashuvi natijasida Yangi Zelandiyaning asosiy markazlarining o'rtacha eng past shamol tezligiga ega.^[65]

Demografiya

Xemilton har yili o'sib bormoqda, aholisi shahar hududida 176,500 kishi va hududiy hokimiyat uchun 176,500 kishi (2020 yil iyun).^[4] Shahar hududi va hududiy hokimiyatda Yangi Zelandiya aholisining 3,5 va 3,5 foiz aholisi yashaydi.

Xamilton Siti shahrida 160911 kishi istiqomat qilgan 2018 yil Yangi Zelandiya aholini ro'yxatga olish, yildan beri 2999 kishiga (13,6%) ko'paygan 2013 yilgi aholini ro'yxatga olish, va shundan beri 31 323 kishiga (24,2%) ko'paygan 2006 yilgi aholini ro'yxatga olish. 54 858 ta uy xo'jaligi mavjud edi. 78354 erkak va 82554 ayol bor edi, bu bir ayolga 0,95 erkakning jinsi nisbatini berdi. O'rtacha yosh 32,2 yoshni tashkil etdi, Yangi Zelandiyadagi barcha hududiy hokimiyatlarning eng yoshi, 15 yoshgacha bo'lgan 34 413 kishi (21,4%), 15 yoshdan 29 yoshgacha bo'lgan 40 293 (25,0%), 30 yoshdan 64 yoshgacha 67197 (41,8%) va 6500 va undan katta yoshdagi 19005 (11,8%).

2018 yilgi aholini ro'yxatga olish Hamilton yashash va ish joylarini taqsimlash

Etnik mansublar 63,6% evropalik / pakeha, 23,7% maori, 6,1% Tinch okeani xalqlari, 18,5% osiyolik va 3,5% boshqa etniklarni tashkil etdi (jami 100% dan ko'proqni tashkil qiladi, chunki odamlar bir nechta etniklarni aniqlay olishadi).

Xorijda tug'ilganlarning ulushi 26,9% ni tashkil etdi, bu esa mamlakatdagi 27,1%.

Garchi ba'zi odamlar o'z dinlarini berishga qarshi bo'lgan bo'lsalar-da, 46,5% dinsiz, 36,3% xristianlar va 11,5% boshqa dinlarga ega edilar.

Kamida 15 yoshdagilarning 32202 nafari (25,5%) bakalavr va undan yuqori darajaga ega, 19 701 (15,6%) kishi rasmiy malakaga ega emas. O'rtacha daromad 30 200 AQSh dollarini tashkil etdi. Kamida 15 kishining bandlik holati shundan iboratki, 62763 (49,6%) kishi doimiy ish bilan band bo'lgan, 17631 (13,9%) yarim kunlik, 7,095 (5,6%) ishsiz.^[68]

Aholining o'sishining asosiy yo'nalishi Flagstaff -Rototuna zonasi. Uchinchi darajali talabalar sonining ko'pligi bilan Wintec va Vaikato universiteti, taxminan 40,000 uchinchi darajali talabalar, Xemiltonning vaqtinchalik aholisi sezilarli.^[69] Xemilton - Oklenddan keyin ikkinchi eng tez o'sayotgan aholi markazi.

2013 yilgi aholini ro'yxatga olishda Rim katolikligi 12,0 foiz sheriklik bilan eng yirik nasroniy mazhab edi, undan keyin Anglikanizm (9,9 foiz) va Presviterianizm (6,3 foiz). Hinduizm (2,9 foiz), Islom (1,9 foiz) va Buddizm (1,6 foiz) xristian bo'lmagan eng yirik dinlar edi.^[70]

Hukumat va siyosat

Mahalliy hokimiyat

Xemilton ma'muriy hududida joylashgan Xemilton shahar kengashi. Kengash tarkibiga o'n uchta maslahatchi va a shahar hokimi (hozirda Paula Sautgeyt), Kengash sharqiy va g'arbiy ikkita palataga ega (saylov okruglari), ikkalasining chegarasi Uaykato daryosi. Kengashga saylovlar har uch yilda bir marta va yaqinda 2019 yilning oktyabrida bo'lib o'tadi.^[71] Filipp Yeung Sharqiy palatada Kengash a'zosi etib saylangan, ammo lavozimida bo'lganida vafot etgan.^[72] 2018 yil fevral oyida Fillip o'rniga qo'shimcha saylov bo'lib o'tdi va kengash a'zosi Rayan Xemilton saylandi^[73] 2020 yilda saylov tizimi o'zgartirildi Postdan oldin o'tgan ga Yagona o'tkaziladigan ovoz,^[74] 78,1% STV-ni qo'llab-quvvatlagan konsultatsiyadan so'ng.^[75]

Amaldagi kengash a'zolari: -

Xemilton Siti o'zi Vaykato tomonidan boshqariladigan mintaqa Waikato mintaqaviy kengashi.

Markaziy hukumat

Xamiltonda uchta elektorat deputati bor Yangi Zelandiya parlamenti. Ikkalasi ham Xemilton Sharq va Xemilton G'arbiy saylovchilar hisobga olinadi qo'ng'iroq o'rindiqlari.

The saylovchilar hozirda vakili:

Umumiy saylovchilar:

• Xemilton Sharq: Jeymi G'alati (Mehnat ).^[76]
• Xemilton G'arbiy: Gaurav Sharma (Mehnat)^[77]

Maori saylovchilari:

• Xauraki-Vaykato: Nanaia Mahuta (Mehnat ).^[78]

Hamiltonga asoslangan deputatlar ro'yxati:

• Devid Bennet^[79]
• Tim Makindo^[80]

Iqtisodiyot

Вайkato universiteti talabalar shaharchasi

Ta'lim va tadqiqotlar shahar uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega - Xemilton - ikkita oliy o'quv yurtlari joylashgan Вайkato universiteti va Waikato texnologiya instituti (Wintec). Ruakura tadqiqot markazlarida olib borilgan tadqiqotlar Yangi Zelandiyaning qishloq xo'jaligidagi ko'pgina yangiliklariga sabab bo'ldi. Xemiltonning asosiy daromad manbai - bu Yangi Zelandiyaning eng yirik sut sog'ish zonasi markazida joylashganligi sababli sut sanoati.

Xemilton har yili Milliy qishloq xo'jaligiga mezbonlik qiladi Maydonlar janubiy yarim sharning eng yirik qishloq xo'jaligi savdo ko'rgazmasi - Mystery Creek-da. Mystery Creek mamlakatning eng yirik tadbir markazidir va boshqa milliy ahamiyatga ega tadbirlarni o'tkazadi, masalan Parashyut xristian musiqa festivali, Milliy avtosalon va Milliy qayiq shousi.

Waikato kasalxonasi orqali sog'liqni saqlash xizmatlarini ko'rsatish kabi ishlab chiqarish va chakana savdo ham mahalliy iqtisodiyot uchun muhimdir. Shaharda Yangi Zelandiyaning eng yirik samolyot ishlab chiqaruvchisi joylashgan. Tinch okeani aerokosmik, o'zining 1000-chi samolyotini 2009 yil avgustda va undan oldin ishlab chiqargan Micro Aviation NZ yuqori sifatli ishlab chiqarilgan va eksport qilgan mikro nur samolyot.^[81] Bundan tashqari, Buccaneer kabi treyler-qayiq ishlab chiqaruvchilarning eng katta kontsentratsiyasi mavjud. Xemilton, shuningdek, elektr to'siqlar va xavfsizlik tizimlarini ishlab chiqaruvchi va eksport qiluvchi Gallagher Group Ltd kompaniyasining uyidir. 600 odamni ish bilan ta'minlash Gallagher 1938 yildan beri Xamiltonda biznes bilan shug'ullanadi. Xamilton ham uy Vikers aviatsiya kompaniyasi, uglerod tolali amfibiya samolyotini ishlab chiqaruvchi startap samolyot ishlab chiqaruvchisi To'lqin.^[82]

So'nggi yillarda Buyuk Britaniyaning L3 parvozlarni tayyorlash tashkilotining Yangi Zelandiya bazasi mustahkam tashkil etildi. L3 o'z ekipajini tayyorlash markazida yiliga 350 dan ortiq aviakompaniya uchuvchilarini o'qitadi Xemilton aeroporti.^[83]

Tainui Group Holdings Ltd, kompaniyaning tijorat qo'li Vaykato qabila, Hamiltonning eng yirik mulk ishlab chiqaruvchilardan biri. Вайkato qabilasi shaharning yirik yer egalaridan biridir. Tainui erga egalik qiladi Baza, Center Place, The Warehouse Central, Waykato universiteti, Wintec, sud binosi, Fairfield kolleji va Ruakura AgResearch markaz.^[84] Waikato qabilasi asosiy aktsioner hisoblanadi Novotel Tainui va Ibis mehmonxonasi.

U Teaina aeroportlarining eski bazasida joylashgan "Base" yirik chakana savdo markazini ishlab chiqdi, u quyidagilarni Tainuiga qaytarib berdi. musodara qilish 1860-yillarda, 1995 yil Vaytangi kelishuvi shartnomasi doirasida. 2010 yil o'rtalarida Baza Te Awa Mall kompleks bosqichi 1 bilan yanada kengaytirildi.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} Fermerlar va boshqa mamlakat bo'ylab boshqa ixtisoslashtirilgan tarmoqlar kabi ko'plab yirik chakana savdo korxonalari Te Avada joylashgan. 2011 yilda kinoteatrlar, restoranlar, do'konlar va yerosti avtoturargohi bo'lgan keyingi bosqich ochildi.

Shaharning uchta yirik yopiq savdo markazlari Markaziy joy (avval Shahar markazidagi Plaza)^[85] CBDda, Chartwell savdo markazi va yaqinda Te Ava da Baza. Keyin Fermerlar Xemilton 2013 yil oxirida Aleksandra va Kollingvud ko'chalarining burchagida qayta qurilgan Center Place-ga ko'chib o'tadi,^[86] har bir yirik savdo markazida bo'ladi Do'kon sifatida langar ijarachi.

Franktonning g'arbiy chekkasida kichikroq savdo markazi va qadimgi mahalliy mebel va uy do'konlari joylashgan Uzoq muddatli.^[87] Shahar atrofidagi ko'plab kichik savdo markazlari yoki plazalar mavjud, ko'pincha a Yangi dunyo yoki Ortga hisoblash supermarket, masalan Rototuna, Hillcrest va Glenview.

Madaniyat

Bog 'joyi

2004 yilda Xemilton shahar kengashi sobiq rezidentni taqdirladi Richard O'Brayen uning hayoti kattalikdagi bronza haykali bilan Riff Raff xarakteridagi, ning Rokki dahshatli rasm namoyishi, uning kosmik kostyumida. Haykal tomonidan loyihalashtirilgan Weta ustaxonasi, uchun rekvizit ishlab chiqaruvchilar Uzuklar Rabbisi filmlar. Bu O'Brayen Elchixona kinoteatrining sobiq saytida joylashgan bo'lib, u erda O'Brayen ilmiy-fantastik qo'shaloq xususiyatlarni tomosha qilgan.^[88]

Вайukato daryosi bo'yidagi Pukete, Hikuvay va Miropikoda bir nechta Maori Pa qismi tiklandi.

Shahar ko'plab kichik galereyalarga mezbonlik qiladi Waykato muzeyi. Ikkinchisiga Te Winika kiradi, u eng yaxshi saqlanib qolganlardan biri waka taua (Maori urushi kanoesi) mustamlakachilikgacha bo'lgan davrdan. Shuningdek, bu erda mamlakatning eksperimental eksperimentlaridan biri joylashgan qora quti teatrlari, Meteor teatri.

Musiqa

Xemilton bir necha yirik musiqa festivallarini, shu jumladan Soundscape musiqa festivali, bu Yangi Zelandiyaning eng yirik ko'cha partiyalaridan biri.^[89][90][91] Shahar, shuningdek, mezbonlik qiladi Opus kamer orkestri Waikato mintaqasidan musiqachilarni jalb qiladi^[92] va bu uy Yangi Zelandiya palatasi solistlari.^[93] Jahon musiqachilari ishtirokidagi davom etayotgan klassik kontsertlar seriyasi^[94] tomonidan tashkil etilgan Gallagher kontsert xonasida yil davomida o'tkaziladi Вайkato universiteti, Musiqa konservatoriyasi.

Tadbirlar

• Yanvar: Parashyut musiqa festivali (2014 yildan keyin to'xtatilgan), Birinchi festival (2015 yildan)
• Fevral: Xemilton bog'lari san'at festivali, Couch Sho'rva bitta aktyor pyesalari festivali
• Mart: Waikato Food & Wine festivali^{[iqtibos kerak ]}
• Mart: Soundscape^[89]
• Mart: Indigo festivali^{[iqtibos kerak ]}
• Aprel: Xamilton bog'laridagi katta qovoq karnavali^[95]
• Aprel: Waikato Show^{[iqtibos kerak ]}
• Aprel: Armageddon ko'rgazmasi Ilmiy-fantastik va komikslar konvensiyasi *
• Aprel: Waykato ustidagi sharlar havo pufagi festival
• Aprel: 5 ta ko'prik daryosida suzish^[96]
• May: Xemilton doirasi Jerk musiqiy tadbir
• Iyun: Milliy qishloq xo'jaligi dalalari
• Iyun: Hamilton yoqilg'i festivali^{[iqtibos kerak ]}
• Iyul: Soundscape^[89]

Tronik DJlar Soundscape ko'cha partiyasida o'ynaydilar

• Avgust: Ralli bo'yicha jahon chempionati
• Avgust: Xalqaro media, san'at va dizayn festivali^[97]
• Avgust: Xalqaro kinofestivali
• Sentyabr: Hamilton g'urur festivali
• Sentyabr: Buyuk poyga
• Sentyabr: Xemilton yer osti kinofestivali^[98]
• Oktyabr: Xemilton Fringe festivali^[99]
• Noyabr: Bridge to Bridge to suv toshi bo'yicha tadbir^[100]
• Noyabr: "Ko'priklar" yugurish tadbirida^[101]

Sport

Mahalliy regbi ittifoqi jamoalar Vaykato (Mitre 10 kubogi ) va Boshliqlar (Super regbi ). Mahalliy ranglar qizil, sariq va qora rangga ega bo'lib, viloyat maskoti - antropomorfik sigir Mooloo. Ikkala jamoa ham o'ynaydi Waykato stadioni. Xemilton, shuningdek, futbol klubining uyi, WaiBOP Yunayted, bu raqobatlashadi ASB Premer-ligasi yoz davomida. Qishki futbol klublari Xemilton Uanderers va Melvill Yunayted da raqobatlashmoqda Lotto Sport Italia NRFL Premer-ligasi Hamiltonda joylashgan.

Waikato stadioni, sherlar va boshqalar NZ Maori, 2005 yil.

Seddon bog'i (sobiq Vestpak bog'i) Xemiltonning asosiy joyidir kriket joy va mezbonlar Sinov o'yinlari, Bir kunlik xalqaro va T20 xalqaro. Bu uyning zaminidir Shimoliy tumanlar kriket uyushmasi.

Xemilton tezda a avtosport joy ham. Bir tur WRC 2006 yilda va yillik bo'lib o'tdi V8 superkarlari poyga a ko'cha davri 2008 yilda boshlangan va 2012 yilda tugagan.

Regbi ligasi Hamiltonda ikkita mahalliy jamoa - Hamilton Siti Tigers va Hamilton Hornets / College Old Boys bilan birga Premer-ligada o'ynaydi. Waikato regbi ligasi.

Yelkanlar Hamilton ko'lida yilning 9 oyida bo'lib o'tadi. Hamilton yaxt klubi Rotoroa ko'lining g'arbiy qismida klublar zallari, slipway va rampaga ega. Yacht Club qutqaruv kemalaridan tashqari, ko'lda motorli qayiqlarga yo'l qo'yilmaydi.

Har yili aprel oyida Xemilton suzish bo'yicha "5 ko'prik" musobaqasini qo'llab-quvvatlaydi. Kurs Hamilton bog'larida boshlanadi va Ann St Beachda 6 kilometr masofani bosib o'tadi. Suzishga oqim yordam beradi, odatda butun masofa bir soat ichida bosib o'tiladi. Ushbu tadbir o'zining 71 yilligini 2010 yil 11 aprelda nishonladi.^[96]

OAV

Asosiy kundalik gazeta Waikato Times. Haftalik jamoat gazetalari quyidagilarni o'z ichiga oladi Xemilton press, Xemilton yangiliklari va Vaikato universiteti talabalar jurnali Nexus.

Mahalliy radiostansiyalar o'z ichiga oladi Shamol, Bepul FM, Boshqa FM, FM bilan bog'laning. Yon va Qoya, Yangi Zelandiyaning eng mashhurlaridan ikkitasi radio stantsiyalari, dastlab Hamiltonda joylashgan.

Shahar inshootlari va diqqatga sazovor joylari

Hamilton bog'lari mintaqaning eng mashhur sayyohlik maskani hisoblanadi va har yili Hamilton bog'lari yozgi festivaliga mezbonlik qiladi. Baza Yangi Zelandiyaning ikkinchi yirik savdo markazi bo'lib, 190 do'konga yiliga 7,5 milliondan ziyod mehmon tashrif buyuradi. Te Awa, The Base-ning yopiq ixtisoslashtirilgan chakana savdo markazi, Xalqaro Savdo Markazlari Kengashi tomonidan Osiyo Tinch okeani mintaqasidagi ikkinchi eng yaxshi kengayish uchun kumush medal bilan taqdirlandi.^[102]

Boshqa mahalliy diqqatga sazovor joylarni o'z ichiga oladi Xemilton hayvonot bog'i, Waykato muzeyi, Hamilton Astronomiya Jamiyati Rasadxonasi, Arts Post badiiy galereyasi va SkyCity kazino. Avtoulovdan atigi 20 daqiqada uzoqlikda joylashgan Ngāruawāhia, joylashgan joy Turangawaewae Marae Maori Kingning uyi Tuheitia Paki.

Xemiltonda bor oltita ommaviy kutubxona Markaziy ma'lumot kutubxonasi bilan butun shahar bo'ylab joylashgan bo'lib, asosiy ma'lumotnoma va meros to'plamiga ega. Hamilton shahar teatrlari shahardagi uchta teatr maydonining ikkitasida professional maydon va tadbirlarni boshqarish bilan shug'ullanadi: Teatr asoschilari (2016 yildan beri yopiq),^[103] va Klarens St teatri. Meteor teatri One Victoria Trust tomonidan 2013 yildan keyin sotib olingan Xemilton shahar kengashi teatrni sotishni taklif qildi va hozirda xususiy ravishda ishlaydi.

Piter sobori, 1916 yilda qurilgan Anglikan Viktoriya ko'chasining janubiy qismida joylashgan Sobil tepaligidagi Hamilton shahridagi sobor. Shuningdek, Sent-Meri ham bor Rim katolik daryoning qarama-qarshi tomonidagi sobor.

The Hamilton Yangi Zelandiya ibodatxonasi ning Oxirgi kun avliyolari Iso Masihning cherkovi ichida joylashgan Temple View, Xemilton. Bilan birga ochildi Yangi Zelandiyaning cherkov kolleji, cherkovga tegishli bo'lgan katta o'rta maktab, 1950 yillarning oxirlarida. Kollej ham, ma'bad ham mehnat missionerlari tomonidan qurilgan. Maktab 2009 yil dekabr oyida yopilgan. Har yili ma'badda butun mamlakat bo'ylab ko'plab olomonni jalb qiladigan katta Rojdestvo yoritgichlari namoyishi bo'lib o'tadi.

Kasalxonalar

Hamilton G'arbidagi Waikato kasalxonasi

Xemiltonning davlat kasalxonasi Waikato kasalxonasi bilan Melville va o'rtasida joylashgan 600 ko'rpa va taxminan 2500 xodimlar Xemilton G'arbiy.^[104] Xamilton shahrida yana ikkita yirik xususiy kasalxonalar mavjud; Braemar kasalxonasi, Waikato kasalxonasi joylashgan hududda joylashgan va Southern Cross kasalxonasi, joylashgan Xemilton Sharq. Shuningdek, Xemiltonda ikkita xususiy boshlang'ich tug'ruqxona mavjud bo'lib, ular to'liq Waykato tomonidan moliyalashtiriladi Tuman sog'liqni saqlash kengashi, Waterford tug'ilish markazi va River Ridge East tug'ilish markazi.^[105]

Transport

The Yangi Zelandiya uy xo'jaliklariga sayohat bo'yicha so'rov 2015 - 2018 yillarda Xemiltonning oyoq oyoqlarining 86% avtomobil (60% haydovchi, 26% yo'lovchi), 10% piyoda, 2% velosiped va 1% avtobusda ishlab chiqarilgan.^[106]

Havo

Xemilton aeroporti ichki aeroport sifatida xizmat qiladi. U Hamilton Siti va qo'shni tuman kengashlariga tegishli. Aeroport Hamilton chegarasidan tashqarida joylashgan Waipa tumani. Air New Zealand bilan Christchurch, Palmerston North va Wellington, Sun Air bilan New Plymouth, Gisborne va Tauranga yo'nalishlariga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri parvozlar amalga oshiriladi, shuningdek Shimoliy orol bo'ylab boshqa yo'nalishlarga charter reyslari mavjud. Aeroport ayni paytda ishlamay qolgan arzon aviakompaniyalar uchun asosiy baza bo'lib xizmat qildi Ozodlik havosi va Kiwi Air. Virjiniya Avstraliya haftasiga uchta xalqaro reysni taklif qildi Brisben aeroporti va Sidney aeroporti. Ammo, avvalo, kichik bozor tufayli barcha xalqaro reyslar to'xtatildi.

Aeroport uchuvchilarni tayyorlash maktablari uchun bazadir va samolyot ishlab chiqaruvchi Pacific Aerospace uchish-qo'nish yo'lagining shimoliy qismida joylashgan.

Velosiped haydash

Xemilton 97 km (60 milya) yo'lda, 21 km (13 mil) yo'lsiz va 28 km (17 mil) daryo bo'yidagi velosiped yo'llariga ega,^[107] shahar markazini chekka chekka hududlar bilan bog'laydigan.^[108][109] Ushbu velosiped yo'llari, asosan, Waykato daryosi yonida joylashgan, velosiped chizilgan va tsiklning chizilgan chizilgan chizig'i bilan yashil rangga bo'yalgan 1 metrlik chiziqlar bo'lgan maxsus velosiped yo'llarining aralashmasidan iborat.^[110] Shaharning dizayn qo'llanmasida aytilish yo'llari uchun afzal qilingan kenglik 3 m (9,8 fut) ekanligi aytilgan.^[111] 2015 yilda Grinvud ko'chasi va Kahikatea Drive yonida, Ohaupo yo'li va Normandiya prospektida 2016 yilda velosiped yo'li qurilgan.^[112] Glenvyu, Melvill va Deanuellni bog'laydigan G'arbiy temir yo'l izi 2017 yilda ochilgan, 6,7 million dollarlik 2,7 km (1,7 milya), Xemilton qizlar o'rta maktabi, Wintec va shahar markazi.^[113]

Yo'l

Yangi Zelandiyaning asosiy magistral arteriyasi Davlat avtomagistrali 1 Hamilton atrofidagi bir necha shahar atrofidan o'tib, bilan bog'lanadi Davlat avtomagistrali 3 shahar chegaralari ichida katta chorrahada. Ning Hamilton bo'limi Waikato Expressway, 2020 yilda yoki 2021 yilda tugatilishi kerak,^[114] SH 1ni Xamilton shahridan sharqqa siljitadi va shaharni samarali ravishda chetlab o'tib, shahar trafigi va transport harakati o'rtasida tirbandlikni kamaytiradi.

Xavfsiz tezlik zonalari soatiga 40 km / soat birinchi marta Xamiltonda 2011 yilda joriy qilingan va 2014 yilga kelib ularning soni 36 taga etdi,^[115] ko'plari daryo yaqinidagi shahar atroflarida.^[116]

1864 yildan Xemilton ish boshladi Buyuk janubiy yo'l, Oklendni Te Avamutiga bog'lash. Yo'l asta-sekin yangilanib, yangi nomi bilan almashtirildi.^{[117][118][119][120]}

Ring Road

Bundan tashqari, Xemilton tezyurar yo'lni aylanib o'tishi bilan birga, halqa yo'liga ega bo'ladi va bundan oldin shahar markazini 1964 yilda Anglesea ko'chasi aylanib o'tgan.^[121] va asosiy yo'l Viktoriya ko'chasining shimoliy chetidan burildi^[122] Gurnell xiyobonini yutish va 4 qatorli asosiy yo'lni tashkil etish uchun kengaytirilgan Ulster ko'chasiga,^[123] Waitewhiriwhiri oqimini suv o'tkazgichga solib, vodiyni to'ldirish orqali.^[124]

Hamilton Ring Road loyihasi shaharning ba'zi ko'chalarini avtoulov tirbandligidan xalos qilish va shahar atrofidagi aloqani yaxshilash uchun boshlangan. U 1963 yildan 2024 yilgacha ochilgan beshta segmentdan iborat. U 2012 yilda Waikato tezyurar yo'lining Te Rapa bo'limi bilan bog'langan.^[125]

Cobham Drive

Tristram st-dan Kembrij yo'ligacha bo'lgan halqa yo'lining birinchi qismi Cobham Drive, 1963 yilda general-gubernator nomi bilan, Viskont Kobxem. Dastlab u "Janubiy rozetka" deb nomlangan.^[126] Bu bilan bog'langan SH3 Normandiya Drive bo'ylab.^[127] Bungacha SH3 bilan tutashgan joy Viktoriya ko'chasida / ko'prik ko'chasida bo'lgan va SH1 Grey ko'chasi va Kembrij yo'lidan foydalangan.^[128]

Greenwood Street va Kahikatea Drive

G'arb va janubda, 1907 yildan beri mavjud bo'lgan Grinvud ko'chasi janubga Kahikatea Drive-ga qadar cho'zilgan,^[129] 1971 yilda nomlangan^[130] va taxminan 1974 yilda ochilgan.^[131][132]

Avalon Drive

G'arbiy halqa halqa yo'lining keyingi qismi SH1ni shahar markazidan shaharning sharqiy tomoniga o'tish uchun yo'naltirilganda ochildi. Navton 1992 yil 1-iyuldan.^[133] Norton Road Extension nomi Avalon Drive deb o'zgartirildi.^[134]

Wairere Drive

Wairere Drive halqa yo'lining shimoliy sharqiy qismini tashkil qiladi. Dastlab u Avalon Drive-dan Riverstaff-ga Flagstaff-ga o'tdi Pukete ko'prigi. Buning uchun er edi gazetali 1995 yilda^[135][136] va yo'l 1998 yilgi xaritada edi.^[137] Uning tezligi 70 km / soatga teng edi.^[138] Hukanui RD ga kengaytma 2009 yil xaritasida bo'lgan.^[139] Keyinchalik Hukanui Rd-dan 2010 yilda Crosby Rd ​​ga, 2013 yilda Ruakura Rd ga uzaytirildi^[125] va 2014 yilda Kembrij RD ga 5,5 km (3,4 milya),^[140] Pukete Rd dan Qarorni Dr bo'limiga 2 dan 4 qatorgacha kengaytirilganda,^[125] va aylanma yo'llar svetofor bilan almashtirildi, ularning narxi 84 million dollarni tashkil etadi.^[140] Hukanui yo'lidan Tramvay yo'ligacha bo'lgan kengayish 2005/06 yillarda 1,5 million dollar, 2007/08 yillarda esa 3,3 million dollar turadi.^[141] 2008 yilda byudjet 14 million dollardan oshdi.^[116] Yo'l 3 m (9,8 fut) keng velosiped yo'lini o'z ichiga oladi.^[142] Bajarish 2022 yilga rejalashtirilgan.^[143]

2006 yilda Pukete ko'prigida transport kuniga 25200 transport vositasini tashkil etgan.^[144] 2018 yilda bu 38,400 edi.^[145]

2017 yilda yo'lovchilar sonining pasayishi qayd etildi Orbiter avtobus 2014 yilda Kembrij RD kengaytmasi ochilishi bilan bog'liq.^[146]

Janubiy havolalar

Halqa yo'lning yakuniy qismi orqali Janubiy bog'lanish bo'ladi Tovus.^[147] Вайkatoning ustidan 150 million dollarlik ko'prik qurilishi 2020 yildan 2023 yilgacha rejalashtirilgan.^[148] Hudud rejasida "arterial yo'llar, shuningdek, muqobil transport turlari uchun imkoniyat yaratilishi ko'zda tutilgan engil temir yo'l koridorlarni saqlash orqali. "^[149]

Ko'priklar

Feyrfild ko'prigi, Xamilton markazida.

Klodlend ko'prigi, Vaykato

Klodelands ko'prigi, Xemilton, NZ. Bridge Street ko'prigi ostidan olingan.

Daryoni kesib o'tadigan oltita yo'l ko'prigi^[150] ko'pincha ertalab va kechqurun avtoulovlarning kechikishiga e'tibor qaratiladi. Shahar ichidagi oltita yo'l ko'prigi (shimoldan janubgacha):

• Pukete ko'prigi
• Feyrfild ko'prigi
• Whitiora ko'prigi
• Klodelands ko'prigi
• Viktoriya ko'prigi
• Kobxem ko'prigi

Shahar ichidagi yo'l ko'priklaridan tashqari, Horotiu ko'prigi shahar markazidan taxminan 10 km shimolda va Tor ko'prik taxminan 10 km janubda. Narrows ko'prigi o'zining qoziqlarini qayta qurish uchun 2010 yil sentyabr oyida yopilgan edi.^[151] 2011 yil yanvar oyida Wairere Drive-dan Pukete ko'prigiga yaqinlashadigan 1 km yo'lni kengaytirish boshlandi. Ko'prik 2013 yil boshida 4 qatorga kengaytirildi.

Daryodan temir yo'l ko'prigi va piyodalar ko'prigi ham o'tadi:

• Klodelands temir yo'l ko'prigi
• Pukete - Flagstaff piyodalar / Kanalizatsiya ko'prigi (qarang Kanalizatsiya bo'limi quyida)

Avtobuslar

Xemiltonda CBD-ni shahar atrofining aksariyat qismi bilan bog'laydigan avtobuslar va shahar atrofidagi ko'plab savdo markazlari, kasalxona, universitet va boshqalarni bog'laydigan Orbiter xizmati mavjud.

Temir yo'l

Stantsiyalar

Xemiltonning bekati ichida joylashgan Frankton ning tutashgan joyida Sharqiy sohilning asosiy magistrali chiziq (ECMT) va Shimoliy orolning asosiy magistrali chiziq (NIMT). ECMT-da ishlatilmaydigan platforma ostida yotadi CBD.^[152]

2006 yilda a .ga tadqiqot o'tkazildi Oklendga kunlik qatnovchi poezd xizmatlarini qayta joriy etish va undan olinadigan foyda.^[153] Nomi bilan tanilgan yangi xizmat Te Huia, 2020 yil avgustida qayta kiritilishi kutilgan edi, ammo 2020 yil dekabridan boshlab hali qayta kiritilmagan.

Yuk tashish

Hamilton's rail network serves as a major hub for the distribution of dairy products to the ports of Auckland and Tauranga. This hub is located on Crawford St, on land that was formerly part of the Te Rapa Marshalling Hovli, just north of the locomotive depot.^[154] Te Rapa is at the northern end of the 25 kV AC 50 Hz electrification between Hamilton and Palmerston North.

Konservalangan zaxira

Hamilton also has two locomotives on display:

• NZR F klassi 230 was donated by Ellis va Burnand, the central North Island sawmillers, in 1956 for static display. Formerly used as the yard engine at their Mangapehi sawmill, it was placed on display at Lake Rotoroa and its boiler filled with concrete. This engine has become a 0-4-2ST in later years following the loss of her rear coupling rod.
• NZR D^SA 230 (TMS DSA359), a 0-6-0DM diesel shunting locomotive built by English Electric for the Drewry Car Company, was withdrawn in 1986 and placed on display at Frankton minus its Gardner 8L3 diesel engine and transmission. It was moved in the early 2000s with its shelter to Minogue Park, where it was united with an open seating wagon built on the underframe of wagon W 960, built in 1946 and converted to Way & Works wagon E 7784 in April 1966.^[155]

The railway settlement

From the arrival of the railway in Hamilton, Frankton was a temir yo'l shaharchasi. In 1923, the suburb became even more railway-orientated when the Frankton Junction Railway House Factory opened, producing the famous Jorj guruhi designed railway houses sent to many North Island railway settlements, which are now sought-after pieces of real estate. Its 60 workers^[156] produced almost 1400 pre-fabricated railway houses at a peak rate of 400 a year, using rimu and matai from the railway's central North Island forests. When, in 1926, government cuts reduced the need for railway houses, the factory also started to supply houses for local councils.^[157] Those supplied to Quyi Xut were claimed to be £500 cheaper than comparable houses.^[158] The sawmill also produced everything else such as signal masts and boxes, bridges, sleepers, and even furniture for railway stations. It was too efficient for private builders, who got the housing factory closed in 1929. When it finally closed in the 1990s it was very dilapidated, but NZHPT supported restoration of the Category 1 historic place, retaining original windows, big sliding doors and the saw-tooth roof.^[159] It is now home to a range of businesses.^[160]

Frankton also was home to the Way and Works depot, still in operation as the KiwiRail Network depot. This was connected to the main line by a short siding that ran past the factory; this line was last used in 1997 when a shunting locomotive retrieved two flat wagons from the Way and Works depot.^{[iqtibos kerak ]}

The railway workers' community was centred largely around the W&W depot and sawmill, containing some 200 houses and a Railways Social Hall.^[161] Many of the houses are still in place, the majority being the classic 90sq² three-bedroom design used as standard across New Zealand for railway staff.^[162]

Ta'lim

Hamilton is home to more than 40,000 tertiary students, mostly enrolled in one of the city's three main tertiary institutes; The Вайkato universiteti, Waikato texnologiya instituti va Te Wananga o Aotearoa.

As well as state and private primary, intermediate and high schools, it also notably includes a number of Kura Kaupapa Maori primary schools offering education in the Māori language.

The city has seven state secondary schools, in a clockwise direction from north: Rototuna High School in Rototuna, Feyrfild kolleji Fairfildda, Xemilton o'g'il bolalar o'rta maktabi in Hamilton East, Hillcrest o'rta maktabi in Silverdale, Melvill o'rta maktabi in Melville, Xemilton qizlar o'rta maktabi in the central city, and Fraser o'rta maktabi in Nawton. Both Boys' and Girls' High offer boarding facilities. A new state secondary school is opened for the Rototuna area to serve the booming north-eastern corner of the city. The project had been delayed several years as the previous secondary school serving the area, Fairfield College, was below capacity. The new secondary school opened in 2016.^[163]

Additionally, Hamilton is home to a number of davlat bilan birlashtirilgan va xususiy maktablar. There are numerous state-integrated Katolik primary schools throughout the city. Muqaddas yurak qizlar kolleji va Sent-Jon kolleji are the integrated Catholic high schools, for girls and boys respectively. Sautuell maktabi xususiy kooperativ hisoblanadi Anglikan boshlang'ich maktab. Waikato Diocesan qizlar uchun maktabi is an integrated Anglican high school.'^[163] St Paulning kollej maktabi is a private high school for boys, also accepting girls from Year 11. All three Anglican schools are boarding and day schools. Xamilton xristian maktabi is a private coeducational nondenominational Christian school for Years 1–13, founded in 1982.

Kommunal xizmatlar

Although telegraph came to Hamilton with the 1864 invasion which established the town, it was quite late in developing its gas (1895), water (1903), sewage (1907) and electricity supplies (1913), probably because its population remained low; in 1911 Hamilton's population was 3,542 and Frankton's 1,113.^[164] Optical cables and microwave towers now provide telecommunications links, gas is supplied by pipeline from Taranaki, water from the Waikato River by the Water Treatment Station at Waiora Terrace, sewage flows for treatment at Pukete and electricity comes from the national grid. Restrictions are still placed on garden sprinklers in summer and the Pukete sewage works was still not always meeting discharge Resurs roziligi conditions in 2013.^[165]

Telefon

A telegraf line from Auckland came shortly after the invasion,^[166] reaching Whatawhata, Te Awamutu and Cambridge by October 1864.^[167] Telefonlar came to Hamilton from 1882.^[167] Hamilton got a telefon stansiyasi in 1904 with 39 subscribers.^[168] Hamilton telephones were put on an avtomatik almashinuv between 1915^[169] and 1920.^[167] From the 1950s Hamilton was linked into the network of microwave towers via the towers at Te Aroha va Te Uku.

Gaz

Oklend gaz kompaniyasi had been set up in 1862, but it wasn't until the Xemilton Gaz ishlari Act 1895 that Henry Atkinson (son of the manager of Auckland gasworks)^[170] was allowed to set up a gasworks in Clarence St on allotment 322 (see photo of the [3] ) and put gas pipes under the streets. Work started on laying about 50 tons of pipes in July 1895.^[171]

Clarence St gasworks in 1967 with Pembroke Rd, Pembroke La, Thackeray St, Tristram St in background – Hamilton, including city buildings.

It also allowed the city to purchase after 12 years at a price determined by arbitration.^[172] A 1907 referendum authorised the city council to take over the gasworks. In 1911 the Privy Council set the purchase price at ₤34,402/14/3d ($5.7m at 2017 prices),^[173] half of which was for xayrixohlik.^[174]

A 100,000 cubic feet (2,800 m³) gasholder was authorised in 1911.^[175] In 1913 the works was expanded and mains laid over the railway bridge into Hamilton East and along Ohaupo Rd.^[176]

As well as gas, koks, smola va tar paint ishlab chiqarilgan.^[177] Additions were made to the works as late as 1961.^[178] Waikato coal was mixed with coal shipped via Greymut va Raglan from 1964 until 25 March 1970, when Hamilton switched to natural gas and the gasworks closed. The site was cleaned up after demolition in the 1990s, but is still monitored by Regional Council for contamination.^[179]

Hamilton was one of the original nine towns and cities in the North Island to be supplied with natural gas when the Kapuni gas field enters production in 1970. Gas from the Kapuni field in south Taranaki was transported north via a 373 km long, 200 mm diameter pipeline to Papakura in south Auckland, with Hamilton supplied via an offtake at Temple View.^[180]

Suv

By 1890 complaints were being made of a shortage of water in the wells and tanks.^[181] In 1902 a poll of ratepayers approved borrowing £5,000 to set up a water supply.^[182] In 1903 3.2 km (2 mi) of pipes supplied water to 80 properties in Victoria, Anglesea, Collingwood, Clarence and Selkirk streets and the borough turncock reported average use at 15 imperial gallons (68 l) a day^[183] (average consumption is now 224 litres (49 imp gal) a day).^[184] By 1908 nearly all of Hamilton West had piped water, extended to Frankton and Claudelands in 1912.^[185] A contract to pump the water into a tower was let in 1912.^[186] By 1916^[187] a 75-foot-high (23 m) water tower on Lake Rd^[188] had been built to give extra pressure, mainly for the Fire Brigade^[189] whose station opened in 1917.^[190] Use was reported as 6,942,000 imperial gallons (31,558,957 l) in the month of August 1918.^[191] In 1931 the system was upgraded, with larger pipes and an 86 ft (26 m) tower on Ruakiwi Rd, holding 2,600,000 imp gal (11,819,834 l).^[192] Until 1939 on Sundays visitors could climb the tower for 6d.^[193] The old tower remained until 1966.^[194] A treatment works was built in 1923,^[195] foydalanish candy filters and supplying water at 75psi.^[188]

The 1930 Hillsborough Terrace Water Treatment Station had a maximum continuous capacity slightly over 30 megalitres per day (ML/d). By 1970 peak demands exceeded 45 ML/d with the average annual daily demand being around 25 ML/d, but the site was too small to expand. So Waiora Terrace Station, Glenview (opposite Hamilton Gardens), was commissioned in mid 1971. It was designed for a maximum capacity of 65 ML/d, expandable to 190 ML/d,^[196] was increased to approximately 85ML/d with the addition of polymer dosing 1980-yillarda^[197] and by 2010 had a capacity of 106 ML/d.^[184] It was built to a Patterson Candy design with coagulation, rapid sand gravity filtration and chlorine gas disinfection.^[198]

Chlorine is added at 0.3 ppm and ftor has been added since 1966, though with a brief withdrawal in 2013/14 and referenda supporting it in 2006^[199] va 2013.^[200] The river water has 0.2 to 0.4 ppm^[196] fluoride which is increased to around 0.75ppm^[184] stantsiya orqali. Arsenik in the Waikato River is also monitored. It can be about 3 times above the JSSV limit, but treatment effects a 5-fold reduction to a level which meets the standards.^[201]

From river level the water is pumped up to 8 reservoirs, which uses 410 kWh of power for each million litres of water pumped.^[184] To cope with river levels below the intake pipes, a floating pumping platform was installed in 2016. It can pump up to 70 million litres a day.^[202] Average use in 2010 was 224 litres per day per person. The 2006 population was 129,249, so total annual consumption was a bit over 10,000 million litres, using over 4 million kWh.^[184] A Hamilton City map shows the location of water, stormwater and sewage infrastructure and a description of the water distribution system is in this 2001 HCC Strategic Planning document.

Suv omborlari

A 24 million litre reservoir opened at Kay Road in north Rototuna 2017 yilda,^[203] providing Hamilton's ninth reservoir, the others being at Dinsdeyl (2), Feyrfild, Hillcrest, Maeroa, Pukete and, as above, at Ruakiwi.^[204] A 12 million litre reservoir will be added at Ruakura 2020 yilda.^[205]

Kanalizatsiya

Sewage long lagged behind other utilities. Dastlab bo'limlar were large enough for septik tanklar to work as well as they could in torf erlari, but it wasn't long before the 1882 drainage scheme^[195] was used for sewage connections. By 1904 complaints were being made about the blocked insanitary drain between Victoria and Anglesea Streets, resulting in a faltering start on a tungi tuproq xizmat. The 1907 referendum, which approved purchase of the gasworks also agreed to raise a loan for sewage pipes (though rejected a plan for a steam^[206] tram).^[185] In 1917 Mayor Ellis rejected the Health Minister's suggestion, saying it was impossible to afford a sewage farm.^[207] By 1919 only about a third of the city had sewers,^[208] but between 1923 and 1925 "considerable progress" was made and sewage reticulation was further extended in 1933. However, there was a sewage related epidemic in Melvill in 1940 and Melville, Fairfield and Hillcrest were added to the sewer network from 1949. Although by 1956 80% of Hamilton had sewage pipes, it was only piped to 14 septic tanks (17 when replaced in 1976^[209]), which were emptied several times a year, either into the Waitawhirwhiri Stream, or directly into the Waikato.^[185] In 1956 the Pollution Advisory Council said, "the daily flow of sewage effluent and trade wastes from Hamilton City is three million gallons… in effect, partly digested sludge and raw sewage is being disposed of into the Waikato River". Downstream from Hamilton contaminants increased 10 times between the 1950s and the early 1970s.^[210] The 1953 Water Pollution Act set up a Pollution Advisory Council, but it had no control powers until 1963.^[211]

Pukete sewer bridge 165m long 14 m high built mid 1970s. Photo 2015.

1964 yilda Sog'liqni saqlash boshqarmasi ordered adequate treatment for the sewage. Steven and Fitzmaurice, Consulting Engineers, presented a plan to Council early in 1966. There was some work on piping new areas in 1966, but work on the major trunks and interceptors didn't start until 1969 and building at Pukete kanalizatsiya ishlari started in January 1972. The first sewage was treated in July 1975 and was fully connected early in 1977.^[209]

Prestressed concrete box girder bridge over Kirikiriroa Stream at Tauhara Gully. Photo 2015.

The trunk lines needed a 165-metre-long (541 ft) bridge, about 14 m (46 ft) above the Waikato, another prestressed concrete quti to'siq ko'prigi over Kirikiriroa Stream at Tauhara Gully and 2 steel pipe bridges over other gullies. The River bridge was designed by Murray-North Partners and the others by council engineers.^[209]

The Pukete sewage works cost $12.5m ($160m at 2015 prices). It now cleans 40 million litres (11,000,000 US gal)/day, which is aerated for about 2 hours in a sedimentation tank, disinfected with chlorine, dechlorinated with sulphur dioxide and discharged into the Waikato through a diffuser tushish on the river bed.^[212]

CH2M Beca, successor to the previous engineers, upgraded the plant from 1998 to 2002 to improve nitrogen, BOD and suspended solids levels, with a change from chlorination to UV treatment and biogas and natural gas 1.5 million watts (2,000 hp) cogeneration units, able to power the treatment processes and export surplus to the grid.^[213]

A further 5 year upgrade started about 2009 expanding and improving the plant, including phosphorus removal.^[214]

Despite the improvements there have been on-going problems. In 2012 the council was prosecuted for a sewage sludge spill^[215] and consent conditions were breached in 2013 due to a bacterial problem.^[165] In 2014 up to 800 m³ (180,000 imp gal) of untreated sewage got into the river.^[216]

There are also problems with pumping stations. Out of over 130, up to 20 fail each month.^[217]

Elektr

Hamilton was also late in getting electricity. Reefton had electricity from 1888. Some Hamiltonians had their own dinamoslar from about 1912, the year the first licence was given for building lines and a generating plant in the Frankton Town Board area. It cost over £8,000 (about $1.3m in 2017 prices)^[173] for the initial network, powered by two 45 kW (60 hp) DC Cho'tkasi generators in Kent St, driven by two 4-cylinder 90 hp (67 kW) suction gaz dvigatellari (suction gas engines used low pressure gas from coal^[218]), which started on 23 April 1913 (officially opened by Prime Minister Massey on 4 June). Lighting was provided for streets, houses and the Empire Hotel in Frankton, initially only from 7.30am to 5pm, using a labourer, a meter reader and two linesmen. Electricity was sold at 10d (2015 equivalent $15) per kWh. The first Chief Electrical Engineer was Mr A Beale, followed by Lloyd Mandeno, (1913–1916) and Israel (Jack) Webster, who stayed for nearly 40 years. From May 1916, Hamilton was connected and, in 1917, the supply area was widened to a 5-mile radius and an 80 kW (110 hp) and then two more 45 kW (60 hp) sets were added at Kent St.^[219] Despite this, by 1920, Frankton was unable to cope with demand. The shahar hokimi, P H Watts, proposed buying a second-hand steam plant for £17,000, but it was rejected at a poll on 23 April 1920. The mayor, 6 councillors and the electricity staff all resigned.^[220]

The problem was resolved by a link to Horaxora elektr stantsiyasi completed, like Frankton, in 1913. In 1919 it was bought by the government and, by 1921, an 11 kV AC line linked it to Hamilton.,^[219] allowing the "noisy, smoky", Kent St power station to close in July 1922,^[221] by which time it was rated at 170 kW.^[222]

There were over 1,500 connections in Hamilton by 1923. Yerosti began in 1926, when the 11 kV cable was extended from Peachgrove Rd to Seddon Rd sub-station. By 1928 the Council had 3,381 consumers and charges were down to 6d per kWh for lighting and 2d per kWh for power and heating. By 1935 4,458 were connected, with 55 mi (89 km) of line and lighting was down another penny. By 1950, the 11 kV rings in Hamilton East and Claudelands were finished. Ko'p o'tmay mercury vapor street lighting was installed in London Street and Norton Rd. 33kV gas- and oil-filled cables were laid from 1960 and switched on in April 1974. By 1987 there were 12,247 connections, 291 km (181 mi) of line and charges down to 6.577c/kWh^[219] (about 13c in 2015 prices). In 2015 prices varied from 11.31 to 22.92 cents per kWh.^[223]

Qonunchilik in 1988 amalgamated the Central Waikato Electric Power Board with Hamilton's Electricity Division from April 1989 as Waikato Electricity Limited,^[219] endi sifatida tanilgan WEL tarmoqlari,^[224] lardan biri tarqatish kompaniyalar.

Hamilton now has a 220kV link to the Milliy tarmoq va Transpower provides for a peak load of 187MW, expected to rise to 216MW by 2030.^[225]

Taniqli odamlar

• Jasinda Ardern, Prime Minister of New Zealand, born in Hamilton.
• Judit Kollinz. Leader of the New Zealand National Party and the Opposition, born in Hamilton.
• Kreyg Baird, racing car driver, born in Hamilton.
• Xelen Klark, former Prime Minister of New Zealand, administrator of the UN Development Programme, born in Hamilton.
• Chanel Koul, Avstraliya buti contestant and member of Australian band Spook, born in Hamilton.
• Stiven Donald, All Black.
• Gay Doleman, kino aktyori.
• Daniel Gillies, kino aktyori.
• Kris van der Drift, racecar driver.
• Xovden Ganli, avvalgi Formula-1 racing car driver, born in Hamilton.
• Uorren Gatland, Most capped Waikato Rugby player in history, former Wales International Rugby Coach, Britaniya va Irlandiya sherlari murabbiy va Boshliqlar coach, born in Hamilton.
• Kimbra Johnson, Grammy winning musician.
• Brendon Julian, Former Australian and WACA Cricketer and Fox Sports Commentator.
• Eshli Lourens, conductor, born in Hamilton.
• Artur Leong, NZ soccer player and captain 1959–64, lives in Hamilton.
• Denis Lill, actor, known for playing Sir Talbot Buxomly in Blackadder Uchinchisi, born in Hamilton.
• Gavin Lovegrove, athlete, born in Hamilton.
• Dame Malvina mayor, opera singer, born in Hamilton.
• Jon Mitchell, former rugby player, and former New Zealand All Blacks coach.
• Richard O'Brayen, yaratuvchisi Rokki dahshatli rasm namoyishi, lived in Hamilton.
• Dik Kvaks, Olympic silver medallist and world record breaking runner, raised and educated in Hamilton.
• Dame Patsy Reddi, lawyer and Governor-General, raised and educated in Hamilton.
• Marko Roxas, Melburndagi g'alaba va Yangi Zelandiya futbol terma jamoasi Yarim himoyachi
• Frank Sargeson, author, born in Hamilton.
• Gari S. Shofild, artist, raised and educated in Hamilton.
• Vida Steinert, rassom
• Scott Styris, NZ cricketer, raised and educated in Hamilton.
• Anjali Thakker, New Zealand international ice and inline hockey player, lived in Hamilton 2004–2014
• Daniel Vettori, NZ cricketer, lives in Hamilton.
• Sten Uoker, Australian Idol Winner and singer-songwriter, educated in Hamilton.
• Dallin Vatan-Zelezniak, regbi ligasi o'yinchisi Penrith Panthers, was born in Hamilton.
• Gillian Karawe Whitehead, composer, born in Hamilton.
• Terri Uaylz, talidomid victim and subject of the film Gigantning elkalarida (1979)

Qardosh shaharlar

Hamilton has four qardosh shaharlar:

• Sakramento, AQSH
• Sayta, Yaponiya
• Vuxi, Xitoy Xalq Respublikasi
• Chengdu, Xitoy Xalq Respublikasi^[226]

Adabiyotlar

Tashqi havolalar

• Hamilton va Waykato turizm
• Xemilton Siti
• Tashrif buyuruvchilar haqida ma'lumot
• 1917 yildan o'sish bosqichlarini ko'rsatadigan 1954 yilgi xarita