WABC (AM) - WABC (AM)

Ushbu maqola hozirda WABC chaqiriq harflaridan foydalanadigan radiostansiya haqida. 1926 yildan 1946 yilgacha WABC nomi bilan tanilgan stantsiya uchun qarang WCBS (AM).
WABC
Talkradio 77 WABC yangi logotipi 2020.png
ShaharNyu-York, Nyu-York
Eshittirish maydoniNyu-York metropoliteni
Chastotani770 kHz
BrendlashTalkradio 77 WABC
ShiorNyu-York qayerda suhbatlashadi
Dasturlash
Til (lar)Ingliz tili
FormatlashRadio bilan gaplashing
HamkorliklarFox News radiosi
Westwood One
Mulkchilik
EgasiJon Katsimatidis[1][2]
(Red Apple Media, Inc.)
WLIR-FM
Tarix
Birinchi efir kuni
1921 yil 1 oktyabr; 99 yil oldin (1921-10-01)
Avvalgi qo'ng'iroq belgilari
WJZ (1921–1953)
Amerikan Byo'lni kesish Companiya (sobiq egasi)
Texnik ma'lumotlar
Litsenziyalash organi
FCC
Imkoniyat identifikatori70658
SinfA (Kanalni tozalash )
Quvvat50,000 vatt (cheksiz)
Transmitter koordinatalari
40 ° 52′50 ″ N. 74 ° 4′10 ″ V / 40.88056 ° N 74.06944 ° Vt / 40.88056; -74.06944 (asosiy)
40 ° 52′50 ″ N. 74 ° 4′5 ″ V / 40.88056 ° N 74.06806 ° Vt / 40.88056; -74.06806 (yordamchi)
Havolalar
Ochiq litsenziya ma'lumotlari
Profil
LMS
Veb-translyatsiyaJonli tinglang
Veb-saytwabcradio.com Buni Vikidatada tahrirlash

WABC (770 AM ) - efirda markali, Talkradio 77 "va MusicRadio 77 WABC; reklama roligi konservativ nutq va oldies radiosi stantsiya litsenziyalangan ga Nyu-York, Nyu-York. Muallif Jon Katsimatidis "Red Apple Media, stantsiya hozirda xizmat qiladi flagman stantsiyasi uchun sindikatlangan mezbonlar Mark Levin va Jon Batchelor; bu radio uchun uy Bernard Makgirk, Sid Rozenberg, Kertis Sliva va Juliet Xaddi. Rock / Top 40 DJlari bilan Bryus Morrou (qarindoshi Bryus) va Toni Orlando ; va Nyu-York shahrining filiali, Brian Kilmeade, Ben Shapiro shousi va Red Eye Radio. Stantsiyaning studiya inshootlari Uchinchi avenyuda joylashgan Red Apple Media shtab-kvartirasida joylashgan Midtown Manxetten va uning uzatuvchisi joylashgan Lodi, Nyu-Jersi. Uning yo'naltirilishi 50 000 vatt aniq kanal signal tunda AQShning sharqiy qismida va Kanadaning ko'p qismida eshitilishi mumkin va bu kirish uchun asosiy joy Favqulodda vaziyatlarda ogohlantirish tizimi ichida Nyu-York metropoliteni. 107.1-da WABC simulyatsiyasi WLIR-FM yilda Xempton-Bays, Nyu-York.[3]

Mamlakatning eng qadimgi radiostansiyalaridan biri bo'lgan WABC 1921 yil oktyabr oyining boshlarida dastlab WJZ kanalida efirga uzatishni boshladi Nyuark, Nyu-Jersi. O'zining ko'pgina tarixlarida stantsiya flagman sifatida xizmat qilgan original ABC Radio Network (va ularning to'g'ridan-to'g'ri salafi, Moviy tarmoq ) va ABC radio yangiliklar xizmati. WABC nutqni dasturlashtirgan bo'lsa radio formati 1982 yildan beri stantsiya a Top 40 1960 yildan 1982 yilgacha bo'lgan musiqa formati. 1978 yilgacha WABC nafaqat zamonaviy musiqa stantsiyasi bo'lgan Nyu-York shahri, shuningdek, Shimoliy Amerikadagi eng ko'p tinglangan radiostantsiyalar qatoriga kirgan va mamlakatning boshqa ko'plab Top 40 stantsiyalari uchun shablon sifatida xizmat qilgan.

Tarix

WJZ Newark (1921-1923)

Original WJZ Newark studiyasi. Mikrofon - gorizontal silindr, yuqori o'ng tomonda joylashgan.[4]

1920 yil noyabrda Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company o'zining birinchi eshittirish stantsiyasini tashkil qilgan edi, KDKA, zavodida joylashgan Sharqiy Pitsburg, Pensilvaniya, radio qabul qiluvchilarni sotishni rivojlantirish maqsadida. Ushbu dastlabki stansiya muvaffaqiyatli chiqdi, shuning uchun keyingi yil kompaniya yirik aholi punktlarida, shu jumladan Nyu-York shahri hududidan tashqari, qo'shimcha stansiyalar tashkil etish rejalarini ishlab chiqdi. WBZ, dastlab Sprinfild, Massachusets va KYW, dastlab Chikago, Illinoys.

1921 yil 30 sentyabrda Westinghousega tasodifiy tayinlangan qo'ng'iroq harflari WJZ bilan stantsiyani efirga uzatish huquqi berildi,[5] kompaniyasining Orange va Plane ko'chalarida joylashgan metr ishlab chiqarish zavodida joylashgan Nyuark, Nyu-Jersi va 360 metr (833 kHz) to'lqin uzunligida uzatish.[6]

WJZ studiyasi va transmitteri dastlab zavod peshtoqida joylashgan, faqat narvon bilan boradigan kulbada joylashgan edi. Keyinchalik stansiya fabrikaning pastki qavatidagi kattaroq studiyaga aylandi.[7] Stansiya 1921 yil 1 oktyabr atrofida sinov uzatishni boshladi, so'ngra 5 oktyabrdan boshlab efirga uzatildi 1921 yilgi jahon seriyasi beysbol o'yinlari. Diktor Tomas H. Kovan Nyarkda shunchaki dan chaqirilgan tavsifni uzatdi Polo asoslari o'yin maydoni Newark Sunday Call sport muallifi Sendi Xant.[8] (Dastlab stantsiya diktorlari faqat bosh harflar bilan aniqlangan, Kovan misolida "ACN", "Diktor-Kovan-Nyuark" uchun).

Tez orada stantsiya kengayib, turli xil jonli dasturlarni namoyish etdi. Dastlabki mashhur xususiyati "Oydagi odam" yotishdan oldin hikoyalar edi Jozefin Lourens va Bill McNeary tomonidan havo orqali o'qing (ikkalasi ham edi) Newark Sunday Call xodimlar). 1921 yil 27-noyabrdan boshlab, tomonidan taqdim etilgan haftalik 90 daqiqalik shou Vinsent Lopes guruh efirga uzatildi.[9]

O'zining translyatsiya xizmatini boshlaganida, WJZ radiostantsiyadagi yagona stantsiya edi Nyu-York shahri 360 metrga uzatish. 1921 yil dekabr o'rtalarida stantsiya WDY, tomonidan boshqariladi Amerika radio korporatsiyasi (RCA) Nyu-Jersi shtatidagi Rozelle Parkidan to'lqin uzunligini baham ko'rishni boshladi, endi WJZ yakshanba, seshanba, payshanba va shanba kunlari efirga uzatildi va qolgan uch kechada WDY ishlaydi. Bu tez orada WDY 1922 yil fevral oyining o'rtalarida faoliyatini to'xtatib, WJZ bilan birlashganda tugadi, endi RCA WJZ xarajatlarining yarmini o'z zimmasiga oldi. Biroq, bir necha oy ichida ko'p sonli qo'shimcha radioeshittirish stantsiyalari 360 metrda ishlay boshladilar va WJZ "o'z" to'lqin uzunligini baham ko'rish uchun o'jarlik qildi. 1922 yil may oyida 15 ta mahalliy stantsiyalar o'rtasida vaqtni taqsimlash to'g'risidagi kelishuv mavjud efir vaqtining yarmidan ko'pini WJZ-ga tayinladi, ammo stansiya buni etarli deb hisoblamadi, bu esa o'z navbatida Amerika Radio Teleradioeshittirish Jamiyatini WJZ litsenziyasi bo'lishi to'g'risida iltimos qilishiga sabab bo'ldi. hamkorlik qilmagani uchun bekor qilindi.[10]

Kechasi "Oydagi odam" yotish haqidagi hikoyalar mashhur erta xususiyat edi.[11]

1921-yil 1-dekabrgacha AQShda radioeshittirish stantsiyalarini belgilaydigan rasmiy standartlar mavjud emas edi, shu paytgacha Radio boshqaruvi olib borgan Savdo vazirligi - keng ommaga mo'ljallangan eshittirishlarni amalga oshiradigan stantsiyalar endi cheklangan 360 yoki 485 metrda ishlashga ruxsat beruvchi tijorat litsenziyasi.[12] WJZ qabul qilingan paytda ushbu standartga mos keladigan kam sonli stantsiyalardan biri edi. Bundan tashqari, Nyu-Jersi shtati uchun ilgari berilgan ikkita litsenziyaning ikkinchi eng qadimgisi edi, undan oldin RCA ning WDY granti berilgan. Biroq, WJZ birinchi bo'lib efirga chiqdi, chunki WDY WJZ debyutidan ikki yarim oy o'tgach ish boshlamadi.

WJZ Nyu-York shahridagi ijrochilarni - pul to'lamaganlarni - Nyuarkka sayohat qilishiga ishontirishga qiynaldi, shuning uchun 1922 yil 5 fevralda yanada qulay masofadagi studiya ochildi. Waldorf-Astoriya, Beshinchi avenyu va o'ttiz to'rtinchi ko'chada joylashgan.[13] The Amerika telefon va telegraf kompaniyasi (AT&T) Waldorf-Astoria studiyasini Newark transmitteriga ulash uchun telefon liniyasini taqdim etishni istamadi, shuning uchun aloqa maxsus tayyorlangan telegraf simlari yordamida amalga oshirildi. Western Union. Biroq, bu maqsadga muvofiqligi faqat marginal audio sifatini ta'minladi va "chiziq shu qadar shovqinli ediki, Western Union prezidenti Nyukom Karleton efirga uzatganda, uning ovozi butunlay o'chib ketdi".[14]

1922 yil 15 martda WJZ studiyasining spektaklini namoyish qildi Motsartning Impresiori, ehtimol Nyu-York shahridagi birinchi to'liq metrajli opera translyatsiyasi. 1922 yil oktyabrda stantsiya ikkinchisini efirga uzatdi Jahon seriyasi, bu safar ham uni boqish WGY yilda Schenectady, Nyu-York. 1922 yil 9-dekabr yarim tundan ko'p o'tmay, WJZ Evropada eshitilgan birinchi eshittirish stantsiyasiga aylandi, bu inglizlarning Nyu-Yorkdagi konsulining ingliz tinglovchilariga salomlari va qisqa dasturidan iborat. Vaughn De Leath o'zining "Oliver Twist" qo'shig'ini kuylamoqda.

WJZ Nyu-York shahri (1923-1953)

RCA tomonidan sotib olish

1923 yil 15-mayda bir vaqtning o'zida bir qator katta o'zgarishlar yuz berdi. Eng muhimi, shu kuni stantsiya Nyuarkdan Nyu-York shahriga ko'chib o'tdi va egalik Westinghouse-RCA qo'shma mas'uliyatidan RCA tomonidan to'liq nazoratga o'tkazildi. WJZ endi binoning oltinchi qavatidagi studiyalarni egallab oldi Aoliya Hall joylashgan edi va stantsiyani reklama qilish yangilanish haqida xabar berdi: "Shaharning musiqiy va teatr tumanining qoq markazida joylashgan bo'lib, u erda eng yuqori darajadagi o'yin-kulgilar mavjud bo'lib, ushbu stantsiya Amerika jamoatchiligiga hali sinab ko'rilgan va ishlab chiqarilgan eng mukammal radio dasturlarini taqdim etadi. radioeshittirishda yangi davrni boshlagan reproduktsiyadagi sodiqlik darajasi. "[15] Shu kunning o'zida Savdo departamenti 550 dan 1350 gacha bo'lgan chastotalar diapazonidan iborat bo'lgan radioeshittirishlar diapazonini kengaytirishni amalga oshirgan kun edi, WJZ 660 dan yagona foydalanishni tayinladi. ning WJY 740 yilda faoliyat yuritadigan, "Broadcast Central" Aeolian Hall studiyalariga qo'shilgan, WJZ yanada jiddiy dasturlarni taqdim etgan va WJY takliflari norasmiy hisoblangan.

1923 yil 15-maydan 31-dekabrgacha bo'lgan dasturlar jurnallarida WJZ 3426 ta dastur, shu jumladan 723 ta suhbatlar, 67 ta cherkov xizmatlari, 205 yotish haqidagi hikoyalar va 21 ta sport tadbirlari namoyish etilgan. Ko'plab eshittirishlar musiqiy va turli xil edi Karnegi Xoll va Aeolian Hall harmonika va banjo yakkaxonlari uchun retsitallar.

Aeolian Hall-ga o'tish doirasida WJZ-ning uzatuvchi antennasi bino ustiga qurilgan edi, ammo Nyu-York shahrining o'rtasida joylashgan joy juda yomon tanlov edi. 1925 yil oxirida stansiya yangi uzatuvchi uchastkadan ish boshladi Bound Bruk, Nyu-Jersi. Biroq, bu havodagi bir nechta boshqa stantsiyalarni bosib, WJZ muhandislarini shikoyatlarni ko'rib chiqish uchun Nyu-Jersi markazidagi uylarga borishga majbur qildi.[iqtibos kerak ] Natijada, WJZ 1935 yilgacha muntazam ravishda 50,000 vatt quvvatida ishlamadi.

Dastlabki tarmoq operatsiyalari

Westinghouse va RCA-ning dastlabki moliyalashtirish rejasida qabul qiluvchilarni sotishdan olinadigan foyda translyatsiya stantsiyalari operatsiyalari uchun mablag 'ajratilishini nazarda tutgan edi, ammo tez orada bu daromadlar etarli bo'lmadi. 1922 yilda AT&T efir vaqtini sotish bo'yicha ko'proq amaliy yondashuvni qo'lladi, uni "pulli efirga uzatish" deb nomladi, shuningdek, telefon liniyalari yordamida stantsiyalarni bir-biriga bog'lab, bir vaqtning o'zida bir nechta saytlarga dasturlarni tarqatadigan radio tarmog'ini yaratdi. Ushbu birinchi radio tarmog'i "WEAF zanjiri" deb nomlanib, AT&T stantsiyasining flagmani nomi bilan nomlangan (keyinchalik) WNBC; hozir WFAN ), Nyu-York shahrida joylashgan.

RCA Westinghouse va General Electricning "radio guruhi" ittifoqchilari bilan birgalikda bunga javoban o'zlarining WJZ-ga asoslangan kichik tarmog'ini yaratdilar. Patent huquqlarini o'zaro litsenziyalash shartnomasini AT & T talqin qilganligi sababli, telefon kompaniyasi efir vaqtini sotish bo'yicha yagona huquqni o'z zimmasiga oldi, shuning uchun WJZ reklama uchun haq ololmadi va yana texnik cheklovlar mavjud edi, chunki tarmoq past darajadagi telegrafdan foydalanishi kerak edi. uning stantsiyalarini bir-biriga bog'laydigan chiziqlar.[16]

NBC-Blue tarmog'ining flagmani bo'lgan yillar

Aktyor va vokalchi Dennis King 1934 yilda WJZ-da haftalik tarmoq radioeshittirishlari bo'lgan.

1926 yilning yozida AT&T radioeshittirish maydonidan chiqib ketishga qaror qildi va o'z stantsiyalari va tarmoq operatsiyalarini RCA-ga sotdi. Ushbu savdoga reklama vaqtini sotish va radio tarmoqlariga ulanish uchun telefon liniyalaridan foydalanish huquqi kiritilgan.

Avvalgi tarmoq operatsiyalari quyidagicha qayta tashkil qilingan edi Milliy teleradiokompaniyasi (NBC), birlamchi tarmoq bilan, endi NBC Red Network, WEAFdan kelib chiqqan. Deb nomlanuvchi ikkinchi tarmoq NBC Blue Network, WJZ boshlovchi stantsiya sifatida 1927 yil 1-yanvarda debyut qilingan. (WJY opa-singil stantsiyasi bu vaqtda jimgina to'xtatilgan edi.) 1927 yil oktyabr oyida WJZ Beshinchi avenyu 711 da qurilayotgan NBC studiyalariga ko'chib o'tdi. Bir oy o'tgach, WEAF WJZga qo'shildi va ikkalasi ham bitta tom ostida bo'lishdi. 1928 yil 11-noyabrda ishlab chiqarilgan umumiy stantsiyani qayta tayinlash doirasida Federal radio komissiyasi "s Bosh buyruq 40, WJZ 760 kHz ga o'tdi.

1932 yil 24 martda WJZ harakatlanayotgan poezd bortidan dasturni efirga uzatgan birinchi radiostansiya bo'ldi; stantsiya a bortida ishlab chiqarilgan turli xil namoyishni namoyish etdi Baltimor va Ogayo temir yo'llari Merilend orqali sayohat qiluvchi yo'lovchi poezdi.[17] 1933 yil noyabr oyida WJZ, WEAF va NBC va RCA korporativ shtab-kvartiralari ko'chib o'tdi 30 Rokfeller Plazmasi.

Qoidalariga muvofiq 1941 yil mart oyida Shimoliy Amerika mintaqaviy eshittirish shartnomasi, 760 kHz ga tayinlangan stantsiyalar 770 kHz ga o'tkazildi, WJZ a sifatida belgilangan I-A sinf aniq kanalli stantsiya Shunday qilib, ushbu chastotada tunda ishlashga ruxsat berilgan yagona stantsiya.[18] Biroq, keyingi noyabr Federal aloqa komissiyasi (FCC) ko'chib o'tdi KOB yilda Albukerke, Nyu-Meksiko, bu 1941 yilda qayta tayinlanishidan oldin, shuningdek, 1030 kHz dan 770 kHz gacha bo'lgan aniq kanal stantsiyasi bo'lgan, chunki u bilan tungi aralashuv juda ko'p bo'lganligi aniqlangandan keyin WBZ yilda Boston ularning umumiy chastotasida. Tez orada WJZ 38 yildan beri davom etadigan nizoni boshlagan KOBning uzoqdan tunda yoritilishiga olib keladigan aralashuvdan shikoyat qildi. 1958 yilda FCC bu masalani tuzatishga urinib ko'rdi - hozirda WABC va KOB ni 770 kHz ga teng tengdoshlar deb belgilab, ikkala stantsiya bir-birining qamrovini "I-B sinf" stantsiyalari sifatida himoya qilishi kerak edi. WABC ushbu qaror ustidan shikoyat qildi va bir qator huquqiy kurashlar natijasida oxir-oqibat cheklanmagan I-A sinfidagi stantsiya maqomini saqlab qoldi. 1976 yilda FCC KOB-ni WABC qamrovini himoya qilish uchun tunda yo'naltirilgan antenna bilan ishlashni talab qiladigan II-A sinf stantsiya deb belgiladi.[19] KOB ushbu chastotaga I-A toifasidagi topshiriq berilishi kerakligi sababli apellyatsiya shikoyati berdi va ish 1980 yilda nihoyasiga etdi va sudlar FCC qarorini qabul qildilar.[20] Shu bilan birga, o'sha yili FCC aniq kanal operatsiyalarini umumiy ko'rib chiqish doirasida, shuningdek, tungi kanallarni stantsiyalarini transmitterlaridan cheklanmagan masofadan (1207 km) 750 milgacha (1207 km) qisqartirdi va qo'shimcha masofani tungi rejimga o'tkazdi. stantsiyalar.[21]

WJZ va Blue Network kabi Amerikaning ko'plab mashhur dasturlarini taqdim etdi Louell Tomas va yangiliklar, Amos 'n' Andy, Kichkina etim Enni, Amerikaning shahar uchrashuvi va O'lim vodiysi kunlari. Har tushda, Milliy fermer xo'jaligi va uy soati qishloq tinglovchilariga yangiliklar va o'yin-kulgilar olib keldi. Ted Malone she'r o'qing va Milton Xoch bolalarga "Avtobusda qirg'oq tomon" va opera ixlosmandlarini shanba kuni bo'lib o'tgan matematikaga etkazdi Metropolitan Opera radioeshittirishlari. Kros 1975 yil boshiga qadar NBC, ABC, CBS va NPR-da Metni qabul qilishni davom ettiradi.

Ba'zan, shou NBC Blue-da namoyish etilishi mumkin edi, u butun mamlakat bo'ylab stansiyalarning kuchsizroq tarkibiga ega edi va agar u mashhurligi oshgan bo'lsa, Qizil Tarmoqqa ko'chiriladi. Fibber McGee va Molly bitta misol.

FCC translyatsiya stantsiyalarini 50 kVt bilan cheklaganida, RJA tomonidan WJZ uchun qurilgan 500 kVt uzatgichga endi ruxsat berilmadi. Transmitter RCA tomonidan Britaniyaga sotilgan va urush davrida ishlatilgan Qora targ'ibot; sifatida translyatsiya qilish Soldatensender Calais degan nemis harbiy stantsiyasi.

ABC ning tug'ilishi

1942 yilda FCC qaroriga ko'ra biron bir teleradiokompaniya bitta bozorda bitta AM, bittadan FM va bitta televizion stantsiyaga egalik qila olmaydi. 1942 yil 23-yanvarda FCC WJZ operatsion litsenziyasini Amerikaning Radio Corporation-dan Blue Network, Inc-ga o'tkazilishini ma'qulladi.[22] Bir yil o'tib, 1943 yil 12 oktyabrda WJZ va NBC Blue Network sotildi Edvard J. Nobl, keyin egasi WMCA. Texnik jihatdan, bu uzilgan tarmoq bir yildan ko'proq vaqt davomida oddiygina "Moviy tarmoq" deb nomlangan.

1945 yil 15 iyunda "Moviy tarmoq" rasmiy ravishda qayta tiklandi Amerika teleradiokompaniyasi, bilan muzokaralar tugagach Jorj B. Storer ishdan chiqqan American Broadcasting System-ga egalik qilgan va hanuzgacha ushbu nomga ega bo'lgan. 1948 yil noyabrda, WJZ va ABC tarmog'i, studiyalar G'arbiy 66-ko'chadagi 7-binoda ta'mirlangan binoga ko'chirilganda, o'zlarining uylariga ega bo'lishdi.

1953 yil e'lon qilingan WJZ-dan WABC-ga qo'ng'iroq xati o'zgarishini e'lon qildi.[23]

1953 yil 1-martda, FCC ABC-ning birlashishini ma'qullagandan so'ng, WJZ qo'ng'iroq harflarini WABC-ga o'zgartirdi. Birlashgan Paramount teatrlari, ga tegishli kinoteatrlar zanjiri Paramount rasmlari bu Blue Network singari hukumat buyrug'i bilan bekor qilindi.[24][25][23] WABC qo'ng'iroq harflari ilgari ishlatilgan CBS radiosi Nyu-York shahridagi AM va FM savdo shoxobchalari (chaqiruv belgisini asl egasi Atlantic Broadcasting Company-ning aksi sifatida qabul qilgan holda), o'zlarining amaldagi dasturlarini qabul qilishdan oldin. WCBS va WCBS-FM mos ravishda 1946 yil noyabrda va 1947 yil sentyabrda.

1957 yilda, WJZ qo'ng'iroqlari WABC ga o'zgartirilgandan bir necha yil o'tgach, Westinghouse Broadcasting WAAM-TV-ni sotib oldi Baltimor, Merilend va qo'ng'iroqlarni o'zgartirish uchun murojaat qildi WJZ-TV, uning sobiq kashshof radiostansiyasi sharafiga.[26] FCC mavjud qoidalardan voz kechdi va "-TV" qo'shimchasi bilan bo'lsa-da, boshqa bozorda aloqasi bo'lmagan stantsiyada nafaqaga chiqqanidan keyin bir necha yil o'tgach, uchta harfli qo'ng'iroqni qayta tiklash haqidagi iltimosni qondirdi (ehtimol Vestingxaus ikkala tomonidan ham litsenziat sifatida qaraldi. o'sha paytdagi sanoat va FCC),[27][28] va hozirda egalik qiladigan va boshqaradigan Baltimor telekanali CBS, qo'ng'iroq harflarini shu kungacha saqlab kelmoqda. Keyinchalik CBS Baltimor tumanidagi radiostantsiyalarga qo'ng'iroq belgisini qo'llagan WJZ (AM) va WJZ-FM, endi ularga tegishli Entercom.

WABCning birinchi davri (1953-1960)

Garchi bu vaqt ichida WABC ABC dasturlarini efirga uzatishda davom etgan bo'lsa-da, ABC Radio - o'sha davrdagi boshqa yirik radio tarmoqlari singari - ko'p miqdordagi uzoq muddatli komediya va dramatik dasturlardan voz kechishni boshladi, ularning aksariyati televizorga ko'chib o'tdi. Bunga javoban, WABC yozilgan musiqani tez-tez ijro etuvchi deejaylardan foydalanishni boshladi. Ba'zi dasturlar namoyish etilgan yo'l musiqasi o'rtasida Broadway va Gollivud shou-tomoshalari va ommabop musiqa, shu jumladan, jadvalning boshqa qismlarida ABC Radio-ning qolgan uzoq formadagi yangiliklari va dramatik dasturlari qatori, CBS Radio-ning WCBS va NBC Radio-lariga mos keldi. WNBC.

(Bu 1960 yilgacha davom etadi, chunki Musicradio 77 davri rasmiy ravishda boshlangan, ammo WABC hali ham ABC Radio-ning bir nechta musiqiy va ko'ngilochar shoularini, shu jumladan uzoq vaqt davomida olib borishi kerak edi Don Makneylning nonushta klubi soat 10:00 da va tushdan keyin haydash davrida uzoq muddatli yangiliklar bloki. 1960 yilgacha bu muammo bo'lmagan bo'lsa-da, bunday majburiyatlar Top 40 formatidagi dasturiy to'qnashuvni yuzaga keltirdi, chunki tarmoq 1968 yilda to'rtta kichik tarmoqqa bo'linmaguncha.)

1958-1959 yillarda afsonaviy rock'nroll disk-jokeyi Alan ozod qilindi WABC-da kunlik oqshom namoyishi bo'lib o'tdi, u format va musiqiy siyosati bilan mashhur bo'lgan dastlabki rok-shoularga o'xshash edi. WJW Klivlendda va undan keyin G'ALABALAR Nyu-Yorkda. Freedning WABC-dagi faoliyati u tergov jarayonida qatnashganida tugagan. "payola "davr janjallari.

Top-40 davrining turli davrlarida taniqli komediyachi Erni Kovach va erta disk-jokeylar dekani Martin Blok bekatda eshitildi.[29][30]

Musicradio 77 davri (1960-1982)

Dastlabki yillar

Harold L. Nil, WABC bosh menejeri etib tayinlanganda, unga WABCni auditoriya va foyda jihatidan muvaffaqiyatli amalga oshirishda ayblangan. Nil bo'lgan WXYZ Detroytda. 1960 yilga kelib, WABC deyarli to'liq kunlik ish jadvaliga sodiq qoldi top-40 ruhlantiruvchi shaxslar tomonidan ijro etilgan qo'shiqlar. Shunday bo'lsa-da, WABC Top 40 chartlarida yaxshi natija qayd etgan taqdirda, mashhur bo'lmagan rok-roll va qo'shiqlarni ijro etdi. WABC ning dastlabki kunlari a Top 40 bekat kamtar edi.

G'ALABALAR 1-sonli musiqiy stantsiya edi va WMCA Shunga o'xshash toshni eng yaxshi 40 formatga egalagan, shuningdek, dahshatli raqib bo'lgan, WABC esa zo'rg'a Top o'nlikka kirgan. Yaxshiyamki, WABC uchun boshqa Top 40 savdo nuqtalari uzoqroq Nyu-Yorkda ham eshitilmadi Nyu-Jersi shahar atrofi, chunki WINS, WMGM va WMCA yo'naltirilgan stantsiyalar edi. WABC, 50 ming vattli yo'naltiruvchi signal bilan, Nyu-York shahrining g'arbiy, janubiy va shimoli-g'arbiy qismida, shahar atrofidagi aholi sonining ko'payib borayotgan qismida eshitish qobiliyatiga ega edi va bu erda stantsiya reytinglarni tuzishni boshladi. 1962 yil boshlarida, keyinchalik Loew's kompaniyasiga tegishli bo'lgan WMGM MGM, sotildi Storer Broadcasting. Sotilgandan so'ng, WMGM asl nusxasiga qaytdi WHN kabi harflarni chaqirib, asosan rok bo'lmagan rassomlarni ijro etadigan musiqa formatining o'rtasiga o'tdi Frank Sinatra, Nat King Cole va Endi Uilyams.

Sem Xolman ushbu davrning birinchi WABC dastur direktori bo'lgan. Holman davrida WABC WMGM WHN-ga qaytganidan keyin 1962 yilning ko'p davrida 1-darajaga erishdi. 1963 yilning yozida WMCA zamonaviy stantsiyalar orasida etakchi o'rinni egalladi, WABC 2-o'rinda va WINS uchinchi o'ringa tushib ketdi. Shaharda WMCA hukmronlik qilgani, WABC esa shahar atrofiga egalik qilgani aytilgan, ammo buni tekshirish qiyin. Bu WMCA ning 5000 vattli yo'naltirilgan signaliga mos keladi.

Dominant yillar

Hal Nil yollandi Rik Sklar WABC dastur direktori sifatida. U a'zosi bo'lishni davom ettiradi Milliy radio shon-sharaf zali va Top 40 formatining kashshof me'morlaridan biri sifatida tan olinishi kerak. Sklar ostida stantsiya tarixdagi barcha zamonaviy musiqa stantsiyalarining eng qisqa pleylistiga kirdi. Birinchi raqamli qo'shiq kunduzi har soatda, kechasi esa har 75 daqiqada eshitilardi. Boshqa beshta qo'shiq deyarli tez-tez eshitilgan. Boshqa hozirgi qo'shiqlar o'rtacha bir marta almashinish uchun bir martadan ikki martagacha bo'lgan. Stantsiya soatiga 9 ta hozirgi xitni va bir nechta oqim bo'lmagan qo'shiqlarni ijro etdi. Oqim oqimlari 5 yoshdan oshmagan edi va stantsiya ularning 70 ga yaqini o'ynadi. Uning kitobida Rokkin 'Amerika, Sklar uning sezgirligini aytdi payola xavotirlar va rivojlangan efir. Yillar davomida WABC turli xil shiorlar bilan tanilgan, "Kanal 77 WABC" va keyinchalik "Musicradio 77 WABC". Har soatda ko'plab reklama roliklari tufayli WABC ketma-ket ikkita qo'shiqni ijro etdi va har bir qo'shiq orasida tez-tez DJ suhbati va shaxsiyati bor edi. Stantsiya soatiga o'rtacha 6 ta tijorat tanaffusini o'tkazdi, ammo ular ketma-ket 3 ta reklamadan ko'proq bo'lmagan. Tinglovchilar o'yin-kulgining asosiy qismini hisobga olishlari uchun, ko'pincha efirga chiqadigan shaxslar o'zlarining kulgili uslublarida jonli reklamalarni etkazib berishadi.

1960-yillarning boshlarida disk-jokeylar kiritilgan Dan Ingram, Herb Oskar Anderson, Charlie Greer, Skott Muni, Chak Deynuey, Jek Karni va Bob "Bobalo" Lyuis. Ammo eng taniqli WABC DJ-laridan ba'zilari 1960 va 1970-yillarning o'rtalarida ularga ergashganlar: Garri Xarrison, Ron Landi, Bryus "Kuzen Brusi" Morrou, Chak Leonard (eng asosiy radiostansiya xodimlaridan bo'lgan ilk afro-amerikalik DJlardan biri), Jonni Donovan, Bob Kruz (Dan Ingramga o'xshash), Frank Kingston Smit, Robi Yonge, Jorj Maykl, Jim Nettlton, Jim Perri va Stiv O'Brayen. Ayni paytda, "Radio Hall of Fame" a'zosi Dan Ingram, ehtimol WABC-ning eng taniqli DJsi, WABC-ning eng yaxshi 40 ta tarixining aksariyati haqida tushdan keyin eshitilib, dastlabki xodimlardan ushlab turilgan. Qayd etilgan sport ustasi Xovard Cosell WABC-da qisqa ish kunida kechqurun sport translyatsiyasini o'tkazdi, shuningdek yakshanba kuni kechqurun "Hamma narsa haqida gapirish" deb nomlangan intervyuni namoyish qildi.

Ayniqsa, tushdan keyin va kechqurun WABC bekat edi o'spirinlar tinglayotganini eshitish mumkin edi tranzistorli radiolar hamma joyda Nyu-York metropoliteni. Kuchli signal tufayli stantsiyani 100 milya masofada osongina eshitish mumkin edi, shu jumladan Katskill va Pokono tog'lari va ko'p narsalar orqali Konnektikut va Rod-Aylend. Quyosh botganidan so'ng, AM radio to'lqinlari uzoqroqqa borganda, WABC signalini Sharqiy AQSh va Kanadaning ko'p qismida olish mumkin edi. Bryus Morrou o'zining yosh tinglovchilari bilan deyarli ruhiy aloqani qanday his qilganligi haqida tez-tez gapirardi.

An samolyot WABC-ning 1964 yil avgustidan boshlab, ba'zi bir DJ-lar derazadan turib gaplashmoqda Bitlz "mehmonxona xonasi Delmonico mehmonxonasi Nyu-Yorkka ikkinchi tashrifi chog'ida, Dan Ingram, studiyada qaytib, WABC o'ynadi jingalak ular bilan birga qo'shiq kuylagan minglab o'spirinlarga. Keyinchalik Ingram FCC qoidalariga ko'ra bu aslida noqonuniy ekanligini ta'kidladi, ammo o'sha paytda ular buni bilishmaganligini aytdi.[31] "W-A-Beatle-C" ning muvaffaqiyati ortidan (bu Beatlesning AQShga tashrifi vaqtida qisqacha nomlangan), raqib G'ALABALAR nihoyat, 1965 yilda barcha yangiliklar formatini qabul qilib, Top 40 jangidan chiqib ketdi. ABC televizion tarmog'i Beatles bilan bog'liq filmlarni efirga uzatishda har doim o'zini "A-Beatles-C" deb atagan.[iqtibos kerak ]

Mashhurdan oldin 1965 yildagi shimoliy-sharqiy o'chirish, Dan Ingram studiyaning elektr quvvati o'zgaruvchanligini va sekinlashayotgan musiqa bilan zavqlana boshlaganini ta'kidladi. O'ynagandan keyin "Hamma Oyga ketdi "tomonidan Jonathan King, u uni "R tugmachasida" o'ynaganini kinoya qildi. Keyin Ingram ba'zi yozib olingan reklama roliklarini va bir qismini namoyish etishni boshladi Si Zentner Hamma narsa odatdagidan sekinroq ishlayotgani haqida fikr bildirar ekan, yangiliklarni qo'llab-quvvatlagan "Dangasa daryo bo'ylab". Kechki soat 6-da yangiliklar tarqatilayotganda, WABC havoni tark etdi, chunki uzilishlar haqiqatan ham o'rnatildi.[32] Keyinchalik Ingram Nyu-Jersi shtatidagi Lodi shahridagi transmitter saytiga yozuvlar qutisini olib chiqib ketdi va u erda joylashgan zaxira studiyasida shousini davom ettirdi.

1970-yillarda WABC doimiy ravishda 1-raqamli yoki 2-raqamli bo'lib, ko'pincha savdo joylari bo'lgan ISH. Vaqti-vaqti bilan, eski auditoriyani jalb qiluvchi stantsiya (masalan ISH yoki WPAT ) yuqori pog'onaga ko'tariladi. Ushbu stantsiyalar haqiqatan ham WABC-ning to'g'ridan-to'g'ri raqobatchilari emas edi, chunki ular ancha katta auditoriyaga yo'naltirilgan. Bosh raqib WMCA 1968 yilga kelib kechqurun nutq so'zlay boshladi va 1970 yilning kuzida eng yaxshi 40 ta musiqani ijro etishni umuman to'xtatdi. Keyin 1971 yilda WJRZ Country Music stantsiyasi to'satdan Top 40 formatiga o'tdi va nomi bilan tanildi WWDJ. Bu 1974 yil aprelga qadar davom etdi. WOR-FM 1955 yil xitlarini 1968 yilga qadar o'ynab, "Progressive rock" dan "Voyaga etganlar Top 40" guruhiga aylandi. Ular 1964 yilgacha bo'lgan ko'plab yoshlilarni 1972 yilda tashlab, WXLO 99X nomi bilan mashhur bo'lishdi. Ushbu stansiya 1979 yilda kattalar uchun zamonaviy va 1980 yilda Ritmik Top 40 formatida rivojlandi. Boshqalar FM oldies stantsiyasi kabi raqobatchilar WCBS-FM, jon stantsiya WBLS va albomga yo'naltirilgan rok kabi stantsiyalar WPLJ va WNEW-FM barchasi reytingda yaxshi natijalarga erishdi, ammo hech kim WABC muvaffaqiyatiga teng kelmadi. AM raqib WNBC Shuningdek, ushbu davrda hech qachon WABC auditoriyasiga yaqinlashmagan. Keyinchalik WNBC 99X formatidagi Adult Top 40-ga o'xshash formatga ega edi. 1977 yilda WNBC yoshroq ko'rinishga harakat qildi va formatini musiqiy jihatdan WABC-ga yaqinlashtirdi. Keyin 1979 yilga kelib ular yoshi kattaroq va o'rtada eshitilishga harakat qilishdi. 1978 yilgacha WABC dominant bo'lib qoldi.

WABC reytingining kuchliligi uning radiosozlar "cume" deb ataydigan kumulyativ auditoriyasidan kelib chiqqan. Aksariyat tinglovchilar WABC bilan uzoq vaqt qolishmadi, chunki stansiya musiqa radiosi tarixidagi eng qisqa "tinglashga sarf qilingan vaqt" (yoki TSL) oralig'iga ega edi - o'rtacha tinglovchi taxminan 10 daqiqa WABC tinglash uchun sarflagan. Bu qisqa pleylist uchun to'langan narx va qo'shiqlar orasidagi ko'plab reklama roliklari (juda ko'p sonli) reklamalar chunki WABC-ning katta auditoriyasi tufayli), ammo WABC-ning TSL-da etishmayotgani uning ko'p sonli tinglovchilari bilan to'ldirilgan. 1975 yilga kelib, WABC musiqiy intensivlikni oshirishga harakat qildi va tijorat tanaffuslarini soatiga uchtaga qisqartirdi. U ketma-ket 3 dan 5 tagacha qo'shiqlarni ijro eta boshladi, hanuzgacha nutq va shaxsiyat bilan aralashgan, ammo qattiqroq ijro etilgan.

Qisqa pleylistdan bezovta bo'lgan amakivachcha Bryus 1974 yil avgustida raqibi WNBC tomon yo'l oldi. Rik Sklar 1976 yilda dasturlash bo'yicha vitse-prezident lavozimiga ko'tarilgan ABC radiosi va uning yordamchi dastur direktori Glenn Morgan WABC dastur direktori bo'ldi. Stantsiyaning ta'siri g'alati joylarda bo'lishi mumkin: Filipp Shisha 1976 yilgi opera, Plyajdagi Eynshteyn, fon sifatida 1960-yillarda WABC-ning DJ jadvalini o'qigan.

"Disko" davri

1970-yillarning oxirlarida FM radiosi aksariyat bozorlarda AM musiqa stantsiyalarini quvib chiqara boshladi. 1975 yil iyun oyida San-Xuan (Puerto-Riko) poyga assotsiatsiyasiga qarashli 92.3-dagi FM stantsiyasi Soft Rock-ga o'tib, Mellow 92 WKTU nomi bilan mashhur bo'ldi. Ushbu stantsiya juda past ko'rsatkichlarga ega edi va WABC-ga ta'sir ko'rsatmadi. Ammo 1978 yil 24-iyul kuni soat 18.00 da WKTU o'zining Soft Rock formatini a-ni foydasiga to'satdan tark etdi diskoteka "Disko 92" nomi bilan tanilgan eng yaxshi 40 formatga asoslangan. O'sha yilning dekabr oyiga qadar WABC joylashtirilmagan edi, chunki WKTU Nyu-York shahridagi 1-raqamli stantsiyaga aylandi. Birinchi "diskoteka" reytinglari BKTUni tinglovchilarning 11 foizini tashkil qildi - bu Nyu-York shahridagi bozorda u yoqda tursin, hamma joyda juda ko'p edi va WABC 4,1 million tinglovchidan 3 millionga tushib, o'z auditoriyasining 25 foizini yo'qotdi. deyarli bir kechada.

Ushbu dastlabki reytinglar pasayganidan so'ng, WABC vahimaga tushdi va soatiga bir nechta kengaytirilgan diskoteka aralashmalarini aralashtira boshladi va ba'zida ikkita orqada o'ynadi. Ba'zi diskoteka qo'shiqlari sakkiz daqiqadan ko'proq vaqtni ijro etdi. Doimiy tinglovchilar eshitgan narsa tovushdagi katta o'zgarish edi. Taxminan uchdan bir qismi diskoteka va rok qo'shiqlarini ijro etishni davom ettirganda, stantsiyaning tanish formati yo'q bo'lib ketgandek tuyuldi va natijada WABC o'zligini yo'qotishni boshladi. 1979 yil bahorining oxirida, Billboard jurnalining xabar berishicha, Rik Sklar dastur direktori Glenn Morganni dasturiy qarorlar qabul qilish o'rniga "harakatlanuvchi aravalar" ga tushirgan. WABC raqamlari ketma-ket to'rtta reyting davrida pasayib ketdi.

1979 yil 2 avgustda Donna yozi diskoteka xiti "Makartur bog'i "paytida o'ynagan Dan Ingram peshindan keyin haydash dasturi. Qo'shiq paytida DJ Jorj Maykl (u ham sport muxbiri bo'lgan) bu xabarni tarqatish uchun so'zini to'xtatdi Nyu-York Yanki tutuvchi va jamoa sardori Turman Munson aviahalokatda vafot etgan. Yozning oxirida WABC vaqtincha, qattiq pleylistlariga qaytdi.

O'sha kuzda Al Brady WABC dasturlash direktori lavozimini egalladi. U kelgan edi WHDH Boston, qaerda u ushbu stantsiyani rivojlantirdi Yo'lning o'rtasi ko'proq Zamonaviy kattalar format. WABC-da u juda ko'p musiqa qo'shdi va 1964 yilgacha davom etdi Bitlz, Motown 60-yillarning xitlari, 70-yillarning rok-hitlari, bir nechta albomli roklar va asosan WABC musiqasini yanada chuqurlashtirdi. Hozirgi xitlarning bir xil miqdori hali ham ijro etilgan, ammo kamroq va 40%. O'sha noyabr oyida u ruxsat berdi Garri Xarrison, Jorj Maykl va Chak Leonard boring. U bir-ikki smenani uzaytirdi, ko'chib o'tdi Dan Ingram ertalabgacha, Bob Kruzni kechadan tushgacha ko'chirib, yolladi Xovard Xofman oqshomlar uchun. Bir kecha-kunduzda u Sturgis Griffinni yolladi va kechki smenani kechqurun va kechada birlashtirgan holda yo'q qildi. 1980 yilning dastlabki olti oyida reytinglar biroz ko'tarilib, barqaror turdi. Bundan tashqari, Brady WABC-ni efirga uzatish uchun shartnoma tuzdi Nyu-York Yanki kelasi yildan 1981 yilda boshlanadigan beysbol, garchi stantsiya 1010 yildan boshlab bir nechta Yanki o'yinlarini o'tkazgan bo'lsa G'ALABALAR 1980 yilda bo'lib o'tgan respublika anjumani haftasida. Bu WABC musiqiy formati uchun oxirat boshlanishining birinchi belgisi edi.

"77 WABC, Nyu-York radiostansiyasi" va suhbatga o'tish

Al Brady 1980 yil iyul oyida WABC-ni tark etdi va tez orada qarorgohning bosh menejeri bo'ldi Vayni, keyinchalik ular o'zlarining birodarlik singlisi WNBC va WABC singari stantsiyalariga o'xshash formatga ega edilar. O'sha yilning kuzida Jey Klark WABC dastur direktori lavozimini egalladi. Jeff Mazzei dasturning direktori yordamchisi sifatida WNEW chorrahasida (kattalar zamonaviylaridan katta guruhlar va standartlarga o'tuvchi) kelgan.

Klark boshchiligida stantsiya kattaroq zamonaviy ovozga moyil bo'lgan hozirgi musiqani chalib, biroz kattaroq auditoriyani jalb qilishga urinib ko'rdi, chunki aksariyat yosh tinglovchilar FM raqamiga o'tishgan. Buning bir sababi, Top 40 grafigi o'sha paytda ham shu tomonga suyangan edi. Shunday qilib, WABC hanuzgacha rok va ruh krossoverlarini me'yorida o'ynatgan, ammo albomlarni qisqartirishdan uzoqlasha boshlagan va 1960-1970-yillarning keksa yoshiga qarab. 1980 yil sentyabr oyida ular "Musicradio WABC" shiorini tashlab, "77 WABC, Nyu-York radiostansiyasi" ga aylanishdi (garchi ular o'zlarini Nyu-York radiostantsiyasini Musicradio deb atashgan bo'lsa-da), shundan ko'rinib turibdiki, bu stantsiya shunchaki emas edi. musiqa.

1981 yil boshiga kelib, WABCning jami auditoriyasi 2,5 millionga kamaydi - ko'p yillik raqib bo'lgan WNBC raqibi bu vaqtda ularni 3 million bilan mag'lub etdi. Kamroq odamlar WABC-ni sozlamoqdalar, FM-ga o'tgan tinglovchilar qaytib kelmaydilar va hali ham o'rtacha muvaffaqiyat bilan kema cho'kib ketishdi. Al Brady Law singari, Jey Klark ham vaqtni tinglashni yaxshilashga harakat qildi. 1981 yil mart oyida Bob Kruz jo'nab ketdi, Dan Ingram o'zining tanish tushlik uyasiga qaytdi va Ross Britayn va Brayan Uilsonlar jamoasi Atlanta ertalab haydashga ko'chib o'tdi. Ross va Uilson, namoyish ma'lum bo'lganidek, juda ma'lumotga asoslangan bo'lib, shanba kunlari soatiga odatdagidek 12 ta qo'shiqni ijro etishganidan tashqari bir soat ichida to'liq to'rtta qo'shiqni ijro etishdi. Bir hafta o'tgach, stantsiya bir hafta davomida o'tkaziladigan sport-tok-shouni namoyish etishni boshladi Art Rust, Jr. kechki soat 7 dan 9 gacha. WABC reytingi shu nuqtada o'rtacha edi va ular hali ham pasayib ketmoqda edi.

Shuningdek, o'sha mart oyida WABC Yankees beysbol o'yinlari uchun to'la vaqtli flagmani radiosiga aylandi, bu stantsiyani 2001 yilgi mavsum oxiriga qadar amalga oshirdi. Bu jamoaning har qanday flagman stantsiyasi bilan (hozirgi kungacha) bo'lgan eng uzoq muddatli aloqasi bo'ladi. Jey Klark Yanki beysbolining ba'zi tinglovchilarni stantsiyaga qaytarishini va ular musiqa formatiga qayta ishlashlarini aytdi, lekin "Bronx Bombers" ham WABC-da musiqani tejashga qodir emas.

1981 yilning kuzida WABC qolgan og'ir toshlarni kesib o'tdi va krossover bo'lmagan shahar xitlarini tashladi. Ular ko'proq keksa odamlarni, shuningdek, kattalar uchun zamonaviy jadvaldagi qo'shiqlarni ijro etishni boshladilar va doktor Judi Kurianskiy bilan "kechasi soat 21: 00dan yarim tunga qadar" maslahat "tok-shousini qo'shdilar. Xovard Xofman va Sturgis Griffin bu vaqtda chiqib ketishdi. O'sha paytga kelib WABC Top 40 stantsiyasi sifatida deyarli tanib bo'lmas edi, reytinglar pasayib ketdi va 1979 yildan boshlab boshlangan mish-mishlar shu stantsiya ertami-kechmi suhbatlashish va yangiliklar uchun o'z formatini o'zgartirishi haqida keng tarqaldi. 1982 yil boshiga kelib, u tezroq ko'rinardi. ABC rahbariyati bu mish-mishlarni rad etishdi, ammo WABC-ni kun bo'yi musiqa bilan to'liq xizmatni AC formatida o'zgartirishni va shu kabi kechqurun va kechalarda suhbatlashishni rejalashtirganligini ta'kidladilar. KDKA Pitsburg qilayotgan edi. Fevral oyidan boshlab haftada bir marta WABC yarim tundan soat 2 gacha vaqt oralig'ida bo'lajak tok-shoularni tingladi.

1982 yil fevral oyida WABC rasman may oyida barcha munozarali formatga o'tishini tasdiqladi. Kommutatsiya sodir bo'lgunga qadar bu haqda etarlicha ogohlantirish bo'lishi kerakligini aytdilar. Shu nuqtada haftasiga bir marta tok-shoularni tinglash tugadi va WABC bir kecha-kunduzgacha musiqa ijroini davom ettirdi. Fevral oyidan may oyigacha aviatsiya xodimlari bu erda va u erda sharh bilan xayrlashishni boshladilar. Va nihoyat, 30-aprel kuni barcha nutqqa o'tish 10-may kuni peshin vaqtida sodir bo'lishi ma'lum qilindi. From May 7 to 9, the departing station air-staffers said their goodbyes one last time. The official music format ended 10:45 p.m. May 9, 1982. The station aired the Yankee game that day at Sietl. From 2 a.m. to 5:30 a.m. they ran the normal Sunday evening public affairs programs preempted due to the Yankee game. Ross & Wilson played their usual 4 songs and the music ended with a tribute show from 9 a.m. to noon May 10 hosted by Ron Lundy & Dan Ingram. Staffers that departed included Ron Lundy, Dan Ingram, Marc Sommers and Peter Bush. Assistant Program Director Jeff Mazzei left for a similar position at WCBS-FM where he would stay for well over 25 years. Marc Sommers also went to WCBS-FM and eventually Ron Lundy and Dan Ingram would join him there. Johnny Donovan and Mike McKay remained at WABC as staff announcers and producers. Mike McKay left WABC in 1984 for RKO radio tarmog'i and Johnny Donovan stayed at WABC until his retirement in 2015.

Monday, May 10, 1982, the day WABC stopped playing music, is sometimes called[kim tomonidan? ] "Musiqa vafot etgan kun ". WABC ended its 22-year run as a music station with a 9 am–noon farewell show hosted by Dan Ingram and Ron Lundy. The last song played on WABC before the format change was "Tasavvur qiling "tomonidan Jon Lennon, followed by the familiar WABC "Chime Time" jingle, then a few seconds of silence followed by a minute jingle for talk radio before the debut of the new talk format.

The NewsTalkRadio 77 era (1982-current)

Early years and success

Initially after the format change, the station ran satellite talk shows from corporate ABC's "Talk Radio" network. Initially, WABC's lineup consisted of Ross and Wilson until 10 am, Owen Spann from Satellite until noon, Art Athens and News until 1 pm, Money Management talk until 2 pm, Maykl Jekson (a talk show host and not the late pop star ) from satellite until 4 pm, another advice show with Dr. Toni Grant from satellite until 6 pm, and ending with a half-hour of news at 6. Sports Talk began at 6:30 pm and remained on until 9 pm. Doctor Judy remained in her time slot. Overnights were hosted by Alan Kolmes, who played some music initially, but he stopped playing it by mid-1983. At that time, he was less politically based and more entertainment-based. Weekends had Child Psychology advice shows (Dr. Lawrance Balter), Home and Garden shows, talk about religion (Religion on the Line), and of course, the Yankees.

Ross and Wilson stayed on and continued to play 4 songs per hour (mostly 1960s and 1970s hits but also some currents) throughout 1982. In 1983, they stopped playing music as well. Ross and Wilson split up in 1983 when Ross went over to WHTZ. While the station's final ratings as a music station were mediocre, their talk ratings initially were even lower. Jay Clark was terminated and replaced with then Assist. PD, Mark Mason.

Still, the station stuck with the new format. After Brian Wilson left in 1984, Alan Colmes moved to mornings. Mark Mason left for a similar post at All-News WINS. He was replaced by John Mainelli and at that point they dropped satellite programming. They added more issues-oriented talk shows, with an increasing number of conservative talk show hosts, although several liberals, including Colmes and Lynn Samuels, also hosted shows. The ratings grew and by the late 1980s, they were a very successful talk station.

From 1984 to 1996 WABC broadcast the popular Bob Grant, a controversial, early "right-wing" talk radio host. After years of what many considered inflammatory remarks, he was fired in 1996 for a controversial comment regarding the death of United States Secretary of Commerce Ron Braun. After a number of years at competitor station WOR, Grant returned as a host as of July 2007, was removed again in December 2008, and returned again as a weekend host in September 2009. Alan Colmes would leave in 1985 and by 1987 he emerged at WNBC on overnights, where he played moderate amounts of music there. He would move to afternoons on WNBC and eventually drop music there as well. He was on the air at WNBC's sign off in 1988. Colmes eventually returned to WABC.

Within its first years, the revamped WABC brought in Rush Limbaugh, who would go on to be the anchor program of the local station for two decades, and soon after the giant of talk syndication, the model for countless other conservative radio shows to follow. 1990-yillarning boshlarida Phil Boyce took over as program director.

On Saturday September 8, 2001, John Batchelor presented a four-hour program on the attack on the USS Koul, identifying Osama bin Laden as the probable perpetrator. On September 12, Batchelor was invited to broadcast on WABC “until bin Laden is captured.” The day bin Laden was caught, Batchelor and his executive producer were in Cracow; they continued on air and, with a hiatus in 2006, have been on air ever since, covering national and international security.

In 2004, the station earned the distinction of being a news/talk radio station even longer than it had been a Top 40 station, by marking 22 years in its present format.

Under Citadel and Cumulus

77 WABC logo prior to 2011
77 WABC logo prior to 2020

On February 6, 2006, the Walt Disney Company announced that it would sell WABC and other radio properties not affiliated with either Disney radiosi yoki ESPN radiosi, along with ABC Radio's Yangiliklar va munozaralar and FM networks, to Citadel Broadcasting for $2.7 billion. The transaction became final on June 12, 2007. Citadel merged with Cumulus Media on September 16, 2011.[33]

In December 2007, Don Imus moved his program Ertalab imus to WABC after 19 years at WFAN. Imus was fired from WFAN in April for controversial comments about Rutgers University's women's basketball team. Connell McShane (who had replaced Charlz Makkord following his retirement on May 5, 2011) served as sidekick and newscaster for the program, which was also simulcast on the Fox Business tarmog'i. The Imus show aired for the final time on March 29, 2018.

Geraldo Rivera became host of WABC's 10 a.m. to noon slot beginning January 3, 2012, replacing Joe Crummey; he was replaced with Fox News radiosi "s Brian Kilmeade 2019 yilda.

On January 1, 2013, the traffic reports on WABC switched from Clear Channel's Total Traffic to Radiate Media's Right Now Traffic.

Limbaugh and Hannity departed WABC at the end of 2013.[34] To fill Limbaugh's spot, WABC revived Kertis va Kubi; Kertis Sliva had been hosting the morning show at WNYM since his departure from WABC while Ron Kuby had for the most part been a commentator on various news shows since his show on Air America radiosi bekor qilindi.[35] Kuby was laid off in 2017; Sliwa would subsequently be paired on-air with Rita Cosby, followed by current co-host Juliet Xaddi.

Acquisition by Red Apple Media

On June 27, 2019, Red Apple Media, which is owned by Jon Katsimatidis, bought WABC from Cumulus Media for $12.5 million in cash.[1] Savdo 2020 yil 2 martda yopilgan.[2] On July 1, 2020, Red Apple Media took over WLIR-FM yilda Long Island ostida mahalliy marketing shartnomasi, and converted it to a simulcast of WABC. As it is already cleared by WRCN-FM, Brian Kilmeade 's program is substituted by a local program hosted by Frank Morano.[36][37] Morano was also added to WABC's main lineup on Sunday nights beginning July 12, and began hosting an overnight show, Yarim tunning boshqa tomoni, in October 2020 (replacing Red Eye Radio ).[38][39][40]

Oldingi dasturlar

Many talk show hosts on WABC have moved on to national syndication; WABC was where the nationally syndicated programs hosted by Rush Limbaugh va Shon Xanniti got their start, although those programs are now heard on WABC's talk radio rival in New York, ISH. The station also served as the flagship for Ertalab imus bilan Don Imus 2007 yildan 2018 yilgacha.

Flagship-wise, Limbaugh's show was produced at WABC from 1988 until the early 2000s, when he started doing the program from Premer-radio tarmoqlari and a studio in his home in Janubiy Florida. (Even then, until WABC dropped the program, substitute hosts for Limbaugh still used the WABC studios, and Limbaugh on occasion had hosted from WABC.) Ertalab imus had also originated from WABC, while Levin originates from Washington, D.C. sister station WMAL-FM. The latter two shows are now syndicated by Westwood One, the successor to the original "ABC Radio Network" (known as Citadel Media from 2009 until 2011, and as Cumulus media tarmoqlari from 2011 until 2014).

Some of the station's former locally based hosts include Jon R. Qimor, Jey Diamond, Ed Koch, Lin Samuels, Joy Behar, Mario Kuomo, Stiv Malzberg, Richard Bey, Lionel, Harley Carnes, Dick Oliver, Penny Crone, Sem Donaldson, Jerri Agar, Maykl Kay, Jeyms Oltin (in partnership with Joel Santisteban), Brian Whitman va Mankov Myuller. Several nationally syndicated talkers have included Xovard Cosell, Ed Xardi, Tom Snayder, Art Bell, Mayk Gallager (first heard locally co-hosting with Penny Crone, later in a syndicated show), Laura Shlessinger, Mett Dreyj va Laura Ingram. Long time WABC (AM) newsman Jorj Veber, who reported the events on 9/11 for the station, was murdered in 2009. WABC also carried Pol Xarvi 's newscasts during Ertalab imus (Paul Harvey News and Comment) and in-between the midday host and Limbaugh (Hikoyaning qolgan qismi) up through Harvey's death in 2009.

Although the station had good ratings, it underperformed in terms of total revenue, an example being WABC billing $21.3 million in 2008,[41] not even close to industry giant KFI in Los Angeles at $54.4 million.

Phil Boyce departed as program director in October 2008, eventually replaced in February 2009 by former XM yo'ldosh radiosi programmer Laurie Cantillo. Laurie Cantillo resigned on October 31, 2011. Chuck Armstrong was named interim program director in November 2011. Craig Schwalb was named Program Director in January 2014.

Joriy dasturlash

Ish kunlari

The station features a lineup of konservativ nutq shows, including WABC personalities Bernard Makgirk va Sid Rozenberg, Kertis Sliva va Juliet Xaddi. The station also airs The Brian Killmeade Show tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan Fox News Talk and syndicated via Westwood One, Ben Shapiro shousi, Mark Levin shousi va Jon Batchelor shousi, all of which via Westwood One. Both local talk shows on WABC have been ranked among Talkers jurnali "Heavy Hundred".[42][43]

Sport dasturlari

WABC currently carries no sports programming. The station's most recent sports contract, with the Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari harbiy akademiyasi uchun Armiya futboli games, expired at the end of the 2015 yilgi mavsum. In addition to the aforementioned Yankees coverage, the station served two separate stints as the flagship for the Nyu-York Jets va shuningdek, uyning uyi bo'lgan Nyu-Jersi iblislari beginning in 1988. WABC also previously carried Seton Xoll universiteti erkaklar basketboli.

Early in its Top 40 incarnation, WABC served as the original radio flagship of the Nyu-York uchrashuvlari upon their establishment in 1962. A notable aspect of WABC's Mets coverage was Xovard Cosell va avvalgi Bruklin Dodjers krujka Ralf Branka handling the pre- and post-game shows. The station lost those rights to WHN 1963 yilgi mavsumdan keyin.

The Jets first called WABC home in the 1980s, but left toward the end of the decade for WCBS. The team would return to the station in 2000 after spending the previous seven seasons on WFAN. After then-sister station WEPN became the Jets' flagship, WABC began simulcasting the games over their airwaves due to its stronger signal. The arrangement ended in 2008 as WEPN began simulcasting all its programming on two other stations.

In December 2001, broadcast rights to the Yankees were lost after 21 years to WCBS. WABC also lost the radio rights to the Devils in 2005, as New Jersey's hockey team moved to WFAN to substitute for the station's loss of the Nyu-York Reynjers to WEPN. WABC served as an overflow station for the Rangers from 2005 through 2009, and also served the same purpose for the Nyu-York Niksi when their games moved from WFAN to WEPN, but those rights moved to WNYM in 2009. The loss of evening sports programming has forced WABC to attempt to solidify its evening talk lineup.

Oldies programming

WABC announced on August 11, 2020 that it would be breaking with its all-talk format with an qariyalar musiqiy dastur, Qarindoshi Bryusining shanba oqshomidagi rok-rollar partiyasi, beginning September 5, 2020. The weekly program, features music from the 1960s to the 1980s, and "a little touch" of the 1950s, is hosted by Bryus Morrou aka "Cousin Brucie", who was a WABC disc jockey for 13 years from 1961 to 1974, and most recently hosted a sixties music show on Sirius XM "s 60-yillarning 6-yillari, from 2005 to 2020.[44] In late October 2020, the station announced that it would add an additional two hours of oldies music after Morrow's program, hosted by Toni Orlando.[45]

Adabiyotlar

  1. ^ a b "John Catsimatidis acquires 77 WABC radio for $12.5 million". Nyu-York Post. 2019 yil 27 iyun. Olingan 28 iyun, 2019.
  2. ^ a b Davenport, Emily (2 March 2020). "New York City radio station TALKRADIO 77 WABC under new ownership". amny.com. Olingan 2 mart 2020.
  3. ^ WABC Simulcast on WLIR-FM Begins
  4. ^ "The Birthday of WJZ", Adabiy Digest, July 15, 1922, page 27.
  5. ^ It has been speculated that the call letters might have signified New Jer(Z)sey; however, this appears to be a case of xalq etimologiyasi, as there are no contemporary references to support this.
  6. ^ Limited Commercial license, serial #230, issued September 30, 1921, for a one-year term. The station had previously been issued a license in May 1921, but was not used for broadcasting at that time.
  7. ^ Barnou, Erik (1966). Bobildagi minora: Qo'shma Shtatlarda radioeshittirish tarixi 1-jild - 1933 yilgacha. Nyu-York: Oksford universiteti matbuoti. p. 87. ISBN  0195004744.
  8. ^ Duglas, Jorj (1987). Radioeshittirishning dastlabki kunlari. Jefferson, Shimoliy Karolina va London: Makfarland. p.118. ISBN  0-89950-285-7.
  9. ^ Pat Browne,Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlarining ommaviy madaniyati uchun qo'llanma. Popular Press, 2001, p.611. ISBN  0-87972-821-3
  10. ^ "War Between Broadcasting Stations", Radioeshittirish, October 1922, pages 457-458.
  11. ^ "Advertisement for Clark and Tilson Company". Radio diler. Vol. 2 yo'q. 1. October 1922. pp. 84–85. Olingan 14 mart, 2018.
  12. ^ "Qoidalarga o'zgartirishlar". Navigatsiya byurosi Savdo departamenti Radio xizmati byulleteni. 1922 yil 3-yanvar. P. 10. Olingan 14 mart, 2018.
  13. ^ "WJZ Opens New Studio", National Electragist (Radio Service Supplement), March 1923, page 4.
  14. ^ Sarnoff: Amerikalik muvaffaqiyat tomonidan Karl Dreher, 1977, page 73.
  15. ^ "New York's Super Station", National Electragist, June 1923, pages 44, 46.
  16. ^ Lescarboura, Austin C. (September 1926). "How Much It Costs to Broadcast". Radioeshittirish. No. Vol. IX No. 5. pp. 367–371. Olingan 14 mart, 2018.
  17. ^ Rivanna Chapter National Railway Historical Society, Temir yo'l tarixidagi ushbu oy: mart. Qabul qilingan 2006 yil 24 mart.
  18. ^ "Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari topshiriqlari", Arrangement between the United States of America, Canada, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico, comprising recommendations of the North American Regional Radio-Engineering Meeting (supplemental to North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement, Habana, 1937.
  19. ^ "In the Matter of Clear Channel Broadcasting in the Standard Broadcast Band (KOB/WABC)" (Docket No. 6741, adopted April 21, 1976), Federal Communications Commission Reports: May 14, 1976 to July 16, 1976, (volume 59, second series, 1976), pages 32-47.
  20. ^ "Hubbard Broadcasting, Inc., Appellant, v. Federal Communications Commission, Appellee, American Broadcasting Companies, Inc., Intervenor, 663 F.2d 220 (D.C. Cir. 1980)". Olingan 2020-07-07.
  21. ^ Mark Durenberger, Minneapolis, Minnesota. "The Clear-Channel Matter: Part 6". Olingan 2020-07-07.CS1 maint: bir nechta ism: mualliflar ro'yxati (havola)
  22. ^ "FCC Okays Transfer of WJZ, KGO, WENR". Billboard. January 31, 1942. p. 6. Olingan 30 oktyabr 2014.
  23. ^ a b "WABC and WABC-TV ad". Televizion eshittirishlar. Vol. 44 yo'q. 9. March 2, 1953. p. 37. Olingan 14 mart, 2018.
  24. ^ "ABC-ning ambitsiyali rejalashtirish yangi birlashtirilgan mulkchilik sharoitida boshlandi". Televizion eshittirishlar. Vol. 44 yo'q. 7. February 16, 1953. pp. 27–29. Olingan 29 iyul, 2017.
  25. ^ "It's now WABC-AM-FM-TV; ABC also changes slides". Televizion eshittirishlar. Vol. 44 yo'q. 9. March 2, 1953. p. 70. Olingan 29 iyul, 2017.
  26. ^ "WBC's WAAM (TV) buy: $4.4 million" (PDF). Teleradioeshittirish - Teleeshittirish. 1957 yil 13-may. 112.
  27. ^ "WAAM (TV) becomes WJZ-TV as FCC waives call rule" (PDF). Teleradioeshittirish - Teleeshittirish. August 5, 1957. p. 92.
  28. ^ "Stations (continued, top of page)" (PDF). Teleradioeshittirish - Teleeshittirish. August 12, 1957. p. 94.
  29. ^ "Mayhem in the A.M.; WABC ad for The Ernie Kovacs Show". Eshittirish. May 30, 1955. Archived from asl nusxasi 2011 yil 28 sentyabrda. Olingan 26 yanvar, 2012.
  30. ^ "Disk-Jokey, ABC katta shartnoma imzoladi". Youngstown Vindicator. March 17, 1953. Olingan 26 yanvar, 2012.
  31. ^ "Musicradio WABC Beatles Page". Musicradio 77 WABC Information Page.
  32. ^ 1965 Blackout
  33. ^ "Cumulus endi Citadel Broadcasting-ga egalik qiladi". Atlanta Business Journal. 2011 yil 16 sentyabr. Olingan 16 sentyabr, 2011.
  34. ^ Hinckley, David (July 28, 2013). "Rush Limbaugh" Cumulus Media "dan shou Hannitini jalb qilgan holda" WORL "ga shoshilmoqda". Nyu-York Daily News. Olingan 29 iyul, 2017.
  35. ^ Sisario, Ben (2014 yil 2-yanvar). "WABC-dagi Talk Radio radiosi e'tiborni mahalliy tomonga o'zgartiradi". The New York Times.
  36. ^ "WABC Adds Long Island Simulcast". RadioInsight. 2020-07-01. Olingan 2020-07-05.
  37. ^ "Frank Morano To Host Midday Show On 107.1 WLIR-FM". RadioInsight. 2020-07-03. Olingan 2020-07-05.
  38. ^ "Frank Morano joins WABC New York starting Sunday, July 12". Radio-Online.com. 2020 yil 8-iyul. Olingan 12 iyul, 2020.
  39. ^ "Frank Morano To Host Overnights At WABC". RadioInsight. 2020-07-08. Olingan 2020-09-16.
  40. ^ "WABC Brings Frank Morano To The Other Side Of Midnight". RadioInsight. Olingan 2020-10-09.
  41. ^ Hinckley, David (April 12, 2009). "On the radio: For ads, WLTW's at the top of the bill". Nyu-York Daily News. Nyu York.
  42. ^ "2019 TALKERS Heavy Hundred (#23 - Bernie & Sid)". Talkers.Com. Olingan 2019-06-29.
  43. ^ "2019 TALKERS Heavy Hundred (#36 - Curtis & Juliet)". Talkers.Com. Olingan 2019-06-29.
  44. ^ Jacobs, Julia (August 11, 2020). "Shirellesga ishora: amakivachcha Bryus WABC-AM radiosiga qaytdi". Nyu-York Tayms. Olingan 11 avgust, 2020.
  45. ^ Venta, Lance (October 29, 2020). "Tony Orlando joins WABC". Radio Insight. Olingan 30 oktyabr, 2020.

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