Moviy farishtalar - Blue Angels

Boshqa maqsadlar uchun qarang Moviy farishtalar (ajralish).

Moviy farishtalar
AQSh dengiz flotining parvozlarni namoyish qilish otryad
Blueangelsformationpd.jpg
Moviy farishtalar F / A-18 hornets "1-4" qattiq uchib ketadi olmos shakllanishi, soyabonni ajratish uchun 18 dyuymli (0,5 m) qanot uchini ushlab turish.
Faol1946 yil 24 aprel - hozirgi kunga qadar
Mamlakat Qo'shma Shtatlar
Filial Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz kuchlari
RolAerobatik parvoz namoyish guruhi
HajmiDengiz kuchlari: 12 ta ofitser
Dengiz kuchlari korpusi: to'rtta ofitser
Dengiz kuchlari va dengiz piyodalari korpusi: 114 kishi ro'yxatga olingan
Garrison / shtabPensakola NAS, Florida
NAF El Centro, Kaliforniya
Ranglar"Moviy farishta" ko'k
"Belgilar" sariq
Veb-saytko'kranglar.dengiz.mil
Qo'mondonlar
Joriy
qo'mondon		CDR Brayan Kesselring
Belgilar
Identifikatsiya
belgi		Moviy farishtalar Insignia.svg
Samolyot uchib ketdi
FighterDengiz kuchlari
F / A-18E Super Hornets (bitta o'rindiq)
(Namoyishlarda F / A-18Es # 1 dan 6 gacha ishlatiladi; zaxira nusxasi F / A-18F # 7)
TransportDengiz kuchlari korpusi
1 C-130J Super Gerkules

The Moviy farishtalar parvoz namoyish otryadini 1946 yilda tashkil etgan Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz kuchlari.[1] Ushbu birlik ikkinchi eng qadimiy rasmiy hisoblanadi aerobatik jamoa (xuddi shu nom ostida) dunyoda, frantsuzlardan keyin Patroil de Frans 1931 yilda tashkil topgan. Moviy farishtalarning Boeing F / A-18 Super Hornets (raqamlari 1-6) hozirda dengiz flotining beshta namoyishchi-uchuvchisi va bittasi tomonidan boshqarilmoqda. Dengiz kuchlari korpusi namoyish uchuvchisi.

Moviy farishtalar odatda har yili AQSh bo'ylab 30 ta joyda kamida 60 ta ko'rgazmada va Kanadada bitta joyda ikkita shouda namoyish qilishadi.[2] "Ko'klar" hanuzgacha 1946 yilgi ochilish mavsumida qo'llanilgan ko'plab amaliyot va uslublarni qo'llaydilar. Taxminan 11 million tomoshabin eskadronni har yili martdan noyabrgacha bo'lgan avia shoularda tomosha qiladi. "Moviy farishtalar" jamoasi a'zolari, shuningdek, maktablar, shifoxonalar va aviatsiya shou shaharlaridagi jamoat ishlarida 50 mingdan ziyod odamlarga tashrif buyurishadi.[3] 1946 yildan buyon "Moviy farishtalar" 505 milliondan ortiq tomoshabinni parvoz qilishdi.[4]

2011 yil noyabr oyidan boshlab Moviy farishtalar yillik DoD byudjetidan har yili 37 mln.[5][6]

Missiya

Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Dengiz kuchlari parvozlarini namoyish qilish guruhining vazifasi "parvozlar namoyishi va jamoatchilikni jalb qilish orqali mamlakatga mukammallik va xizmat ko'rsatish madaniyatini ilhom berish orqali Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz kuchlari va dengiz piyoda korpusining mag'rurligi va professionalligini namoyish etishdir".[7]

Havo namoyishlari

COVID-19 tufayli 2020 yilgi shou mavsumi qisqartirildi. Hozirda ularning birinchi namoyishi 13-14 iyun kunlari WI shtatidagi Eau Claire-da bo'lib o'tadi.[8] "Ko'klar" ham harbiy, ham noharbiy aerodromlarda, ko'pincha AQShning yirik shaharlari va poytaxtlarida ijro etishadi. Kanada, shuningdek, "Moviy farishtalar" kabi havo shoulari jadvaliga kiritilgan Grinvud, Yangi Shotlandiya, Kanada Atlantika havo shousi.[9]

Delta shakllanishidagi ko'k farishtalar

Ular davomida aerobatik Namoyish, ko'klar ikkiga bo'lingan F / A-18 Hornet samolyotlarini uchib ketishadi olmos shakllanishi (Moviy farishtalar 1 orqali 4) va qo'rg'oshin va qarama-qarshi Yakkaxon (Moviy farishtalar 5 va 6). Ko'rgazmaning aksariyati o'zgarib turadi manevralar Diamond Formation tomonidan ijro etilgan va Soloslar tomonidan ijro etilganlar. Olmos qattiq shakllanishida va odatda past tezlikda (400 milya), shakllanish ilmoqlari, rulolar va bir qatlamdan boshqasiga o'tish kabi manevralarni amalga oshiradi. Soloslar yuqori tezlikli uzatmalar, sekin paslar, tez aylanishlar, sekin burilishlar va juda qattiq burilishlarni amalga oshirish orqali o'zlarining shaxsiy samolyotlarining yuqori ishlash qobiliyatlarini namoyish etadilar. Havo shousi paytida uchilgan eng yuqori tezlik 700 milya (Mach 1 ostida) va eng past tezlik 120 milya.[3] Ba'zi manevrlarga ikkala yakkaxon samolyot birdaniga amalga oshiriladi, masalan, qarama-qarshi paslar (to'qnashuv ko'rinishida bir-biriga qarab) va ko'zgu shakllari (orqadan orqaga, qorindan qoringa yoki qanotdan yuqoriga qarab). qanot uchi, bitta reaktiv teskari uchgan holda). Soloslar shou tugaguncha Diamond Formation-ga qo'shilishadi Delta shakllanishi.

Har bir tomoshaning parametrlari namoyish vaqtida mahalliy ob-havo sharoitlariga mos ravishda tuzilishi kerak: ochiq havoda ob-havo yuqori shou namoyish etiladi; bulutli sharoitda a past shou namoyish etiladi va cheklangan ko'rinishda (ob-havo sharoitida) yassi shou namoyish etiladi. The yuqori namoyish kamida 8000 fut (2400 m) talab qiladi ship va shou markazidan kamida 3 dengiz miliga (6 km) masofani ko'rish. Kam va tekis namoyishlar uchun ruxsat etilgan minimal shiftlar mos ravishda 3500 fut (~ 1 km) va 1500 fut (460 m).[10]

Samolyot

Moviy farishtalarning dengiz piyoda qo'shinlari Lockheed C-130 Gerkules "Semiz Albert" dirijyorligi a RATO (raketa yordamida uchish)
Suv kondensatsiyasi ichida tirnoq Moviy farishtalar shoxining girdoblari

Jamoa uchib ketdi McDonnell Duglas F / A-18 Hornet 1986 yildan 2020 yil oxirigacha parkda xizmat qilgan va jangovar tayyor qiruvchi samolyot sifatida doimo saqlanib va ​​yangilanib turadi.[11] Har bir F / A-18 modifikatsiyasiga qurollarni olib tashlash va namoyishlarda ishlatiladigan tutun moyi solingan idishni almashtirish va samolyot boshqaruvini yanada aniqroq kiritish uchun qo'mondon tayoqchasi tizimi bilan jihozlash kiradi. Tekshirish tayoqchalari samolyotning buyruqsiz harakatlanishi uchun uchuvchi minimal xonani ta'minlash uchun 35 funt (16 kg) kuch bilan tortiladi.

Ko'rgazma muallifi saytlarni ko'rsatish uchun ikki kishilik F / A-18D Hornet Blue Angel 7 samolyotini uchiradi. Ko'klar ushbu samolyotdan zaxira nusxasini olish va VIP fuqarolarga namoyish qilish uchun foydalanishadi. Har bir ko'rgazmada uchta orqa o'rindiq mavjud; biri matbuot vakili, qolgan ikkitasi "asosiy ta'sir o'tkazuvchilar" ga murojaat qiladi.[12] 4-sonli uchuvchi uchuvchi juma kungi "amaliyot" shoularida tez-tez 7-raqamli samolyotga uchadi.

Moviy farishtalar ilgari a Qo'shma Shtatlar dengiz piyoda korpusi Lockheed C-130T Gerkules, "semiz Albert" laqabli, ularning logistika uchun, ehtiyot qismlar, uskunalar ko'tarib, va namoyishlar orasida yordamchi xodimlarni olib yurish uchun. 1975 yildan boshlab "Bert" ishlatilgan Jet yordami bilan uchish (JATO) va tanlangan joylarda bo'lib o'tadigan asosiy tadbir oldidan qisqa havo namoyishlari, ammo JATO namoyishi 2009 yilda raketalar zaxiralarining kamayib borishi sababli tugagan.[13] "Fat Albert Airlines" butun dengiz piyoda ekipaji bilan uch zobit va beshta xizmatdan iborat parvoz qiladi. Amaldagi "Bert" (BUNO 164763) 2019 yil may oyida 30000 parvoz soatiga ega bo'lib xizmatdan bo'shatildi. Moviy farishtalar uning o'rnini Ex-RAF C-130J bilan almashtiradi.[14]

2018 yil avgust oyida Boeing to'qqizta bitta o'rindiqni konvertatsiya qilish bo'yicha shartnoma imzolandi F / A-18E Super Hornets va Moviy farishtalar uchun ikkita F / A-18F ikkita o'rindiqli. Konvertatsiya qilingan samolyot 2021 yilda qurilishi kerak.[15]

Jamoa a'zolari

2020 yilgi mavsumdan boshlab, Yaratilishidan beri Moviy farishtalarda 272 namoyish uchuvchisi bo'lgan.[16][17]

Leytenant qo'mondoni Tayler Devies, etakchi yakka (Yo'q. 5), uning ekipaj boshlig'i bilan
Kapitan Erik Doyl, USN[18]

Barcha guruh a'zolari, ham ofitser, ham harbiy xizmatga, uchuvchilar va xodimlar ofitserlari, oddiy dengiz floti saflaridan kelib chiqqan Qo'shma Shtatlar dengiz piyoda korpusi birliklar. Namoyish uchuvchilari va hikoyachilari dengiz floti va USMCdan iborat Dengiz aviatorlari. Uchuvchilar ikki-uch yil xizmat qiladi,[3] va lavozim bo'yicha topshiriqlar jamoaning ehtiyojlariga, uchuvchilar tajribasi darajalariga va a'zolarning martaba masalalariga qarab amalga oshiriladi. Eskadronning boshqa zobitlariga a kiradi Dengiz parvozlari bo'yicha ofitser tadbirlar koordinatori, uchta USMC C-130 uchuvchisi, ma'muriy ofitser, texnik xizmat ko'rsatuvchi, ta'minot bo'yicha xodim, jamoatchilik bilan aloqalar bo'yicha xodim, ma'muriy ofitser va Uchish bo'yicha jarroh. Qabul qilingan a'zolar E-4 dan E-9 gacha va barcha texnik, ma'muriy va qo'llab-quvvatlash funktsiyalarini bajaradilar. Ular otryad tarkibida uch-to'rt yil xizmat qilishadi.[3] Eskadron bilan xizmat qilgandan so'ng, a'zolar park vazifalariga qaytadilar.

Ofitserlarni tanlash jarayoni Moviy farishtalar bo'lishni istagan uchuvchilar va yordamchi xodimlarni (parvoz jarrohlari, tadbirlar koordinatori, texnik xizmat ko'rsatuvchi xodim, ta'minot bo'yicha xodim va jamoat ishlari bo'yicha xodim) shaxsiy buyrug'i, maktublari bilan rasmiy ravishda o'zlarining buyruqlari orqali murojaat qilishlarini talab qiladi. tavsiyanoma va parvoz yozuvlari. Dengiz kuchlari va dengiz piyodalari korpusining F / A-18 namoyish uchuvchilari va dengiz parvozlari bo'yicha ofitserlari kamida 1250 taktik reaktiv soatga ega bo'lishlari va aviatashuvchiga tegishli bo'lishlari shart. Dengiz Korpusining C-130 namoyish uchuvchilaridan 1200 parvoz soatiga ega bo'lishi va samolyot qo'mondoni bo'lishi talab qilinadi.[19]

Abituriyentlar jamoani o'z mablag'lari hisobidan to'lagan bir yoki bir nechta efir shoularida "shoshilib", jamoaviy qisqacha ma'lumotlarga, shoudan keyingi tadbirlarda va ijtimoiy tadbirlarda o'tirishadi. Yangi zobitlarning mavjud madaniyat va jamoaning dinamikasiga mos kelishi juda muhimdir. Ariza berish va baholash jarayoni mart oyidan iyul oyining boshigacha davom etadi, yakuniy finalistlar bilan keng intervyu va jamoaviy muhokamalar bilan yakunlanadi. Jamoa a'zolari kelgusi yilgi ofitserlarga yashirincha ovoz berishadi. Tanlovlar bir ovozdan bo'lishi kerak. Ko'k Anxel a'zolari sifatida ayollar va ozchilik xodimlar bo'lgan,[20] shu qatorda ozchilikni tashkil etgan "Blue Angel" uchuvchisi leytenant Andre Uebb 2018 jamoasida Uchish bo'yicha jarrohlar ikki yillik muddatga xizmat qilishadi. Parvozlar bo'yicha jarroh jamoaviy tibbiy xizmatlarni ko'rsatib beradi, namoyish manevrlarini yerdan baholaydi va parvozdan keyingi har bir bahs-munozarada qatnashadi. "Blue Angel" ning birinchi ayol-jarroh-shifokori 2001 yil jamoasi a'zosi bo'lgan leytenant Tamara Shnurr edi.[21]

Parvoz rahbari (№1) - qo'mondonlik xodimi va har doim dengiz floti qo'mondoni bo'lib, agar u tanlov kengashi tomonidan kapitan tomonidan tasdiqlangan bo'lsa, u sardorning safari o'rtasiga ko'tarilishi mumkin. 2-7 raqamli uchuvchilar - dengiz floti qo'mondonlari yoki leytenantlari yoki Dengiz Korpusining mayorlari yoki sardorlari. Yo'q 7 uchuvchi bir yil davomida hikoya qiladi, so'ngra odatda qarama-qarshi uchadi, so'ngra keyingi ikki yil ichida "Solo Lead" ni boshqaradi. Yo'q 3 uchuvchi Yo'q. Ikkinchi yilidagi 4 (slot) pozitsiyasi. Moviy farishta Yo'q. 4 namoyish xavfsizligi bo'yicha ofitser bo'lib xizmat qiladi, chunki u asosan shakllanish doirasidagi pozitsiyadan va shuningdek, ikkinchi yillik namoyish uchuvchisi maqomidan kelib chiqadi.

Parvoz rahbari / qo'mondon

Qo'mondon Brayan C. Kesselring - bu 38-chi Moviy farishtalarning parvoz etakchisi / qo'mondoni.[22] U Fargo, N.D. va 2000 yilda Konkordiya kollejini fizika, matematika va biznes yo'nalishlari bo'yicha san'at bakalavri bakalavrini tugatgan. Kollejdan keyin Kesselring Ofitser nomzodlari maktabi Pensakola, Florida shtatida, u 2001 yil mart oyida AQSh harbiy-dengiz flotida praporshik lavozimiga tayinlangan. Kesselring 2003 yilda dengiz aviatoriga aylandi va 4000 dan ortiq parvoz soatlarini yig'di va 812 tashuvchisi tomonidan hibsga olingan qo'nishga ega. U shuningdek bitiruvchisi va sobiq xodimlar o'qituvchisi Navy Fighter Weapons School (TOPGUN). U 2019 yil sentyabr oyida Moviy farishtalarga qo'shildi,[23] va 2020–2021 yilgi mavsumda 10-noyabrda otryad komandirligini oldi. Uning harbiy mukofotlari quyidagi bezaklarni o'z ichiga oladi: Xizmat ko'rsatgan xizmat uchun medal, olti Havo medallari (ish tashlash / parvoz), uchta Dengiz kuchlari va dengiz piyodalari korpusining maqtov medallari va ikkitasi Dengiz kuchlari va dengiz piyodalari korpusining yutuqlari medali.

Trening va haftalik tartib

Har yili qishki mashg'ulotlar o'tkaziladi NAF El Centro, Kaliforniya, bu erda yangi va qaytib kelgan uchuvchilar parkda o'rganilgan ko'nikmalarni oshiradilar. Qishki mashg'ulotlar paytida uchuvchilar kuniga ikki marta mashg'ulot o'tkazadilar, haftada olti kun, namoyishni xavfsiz bajarish uchun zarur bo'lgan 120 ta o'quv topshirig'ini bajarish uchun. Taxminan ikki oy davomida yanvar va fevral oylarida samolyotlarning shakllanishi va ularning manevr balandligi o'rtasidagi farq asta-sekin kamayadi. Keyin jamoa o'z uyiga qaytadi Pensakola, Florida, mart oyida va shou mavsumi davomida mashq qilishni davom ettiradi. Mavsum davomida odatdagi bir hafta seshanba va chorshanba kunlari ertalab NAS Pensacola-da amaliyot o'tkazadi. Jamoa keyin payshanba kuni bo'lib o'tadigan dam olish kunlari uchun o'z shou maydoniga uchib boradi, kelgandan keyin "aylana va kelish" yo'nalish bo'yicha harakatlarni amalga oshiradi. Jamoa juma kuni shou saytida "amaliyot" efirida uchadi. Ushbu shouga taklif etilgan mehmonlar tashrif buyurishadi, lekin ko'pincha keng jamoatchilik uchun ochiqdir. Asosiy ko'rsatuvlar shanba va yakshanba kunlari o'tkaziladi, jamoa namoyishidan keyin yakshanba kuni kechqurun NAS Pensacola-ga uyiga qaytadi. Dushanba - ko'k-anorranglilarning namoyish uchuvchilari va yo'l ekipaji uchun dam olish kuni. Samolyotlarga keng texnik xizmat ko'rsatish yakshanba va dushanba kunlari kechqurun texnik guruh a'zolari tomonidan amalga oshiriladi.

Uchuvchilar uchish tayog'ini o'ng qo'li bilan boshqaradilar va gazni chap bilan boshqaradilar. Ular kiymaydilar G-kostyumlar chunki ichidagi havo pufakchalari bir necha marta puflanib, shishiradi va shu barqarorlikka xalaqit beradi. Qonning oyoqlarida to'planishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun Blue Angel uchuvchilari qonni pastki ekstremitelerde to'planishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun mushaklarini tortib olish usulini ishlab chiqdilar, ehtimol ularni behush holatga keltiradilar.[24]

Tarix

Umumiy nuqtai

Asl guruh nishonlari

Moviy farishtalar dastlab 1946 yil aprel oyida Dengiz parvozlari ko'rgazma jamoasi sifatida tashkil etilgan.[25] Ular tashrif buyurganlaridan keyin o'z ismlarini Moviy farishtalar deb o'zgartirdilar Nyu York Tungi klub, Moviy farishta, shuningdek, The Blue Angel Supper Club deb nomlanadi.[26] Jamoa birinchi marta 1946 yil iyulda bo'lib o'tgan aviatsiya ko'rgazmasi paytida "Moviy farishtalar" deb nomlangan.[27]

Birinchi "Moviy farishtalar" namoyish samolyoti to'q harflar bilan to'q ko'k (deyarli qora) edi. Ko'k va sariq ranglarning hozirgi ranglari birinchi namoyish samolyotidan ikkinchisiga o'tish paytida qabul qilingan Grumman F6F-5 Hellcat uchun Grumman F8F-1 Bearcat 1946 yil avgustda; samolyot 1949 yilgi shou mavsumida ko'k belgilar bilan sarg'ish rangga ega sxemadir.[28]

Moviy farishtalarning asl nishoni yoki tepasi 1949 yilda leytenant qo'mondoni Raleigh "Dusty" Rods tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan, ularning uchinchi Parvoz Rahbari va birinchi samolyot qiruvchisi. Jamoa samolyotlarini o'zgartirganda samolyot siluetlari o'zgaradi.[1]

Moviy farishtalar 1949 yil avgustda pervanel boshqariladigan samolyotlardan ko'k va oltin reaktiv samolyotlarga (Grumman F9F-2B Panther) o'tdilar.[29]

"Moviy farishtalar" namoyish guruhlari 1952 yilda "Moviy farishtalar" belgisi bilan charm kurtkalar va maxsus rangli parvoz kostyumlarini kiyishni boshladilar. 1953 yilda ular mavsumning birinchi namoyishi uchun oltin parvoz kostyumlarini kiyishni boshladilar yoki parvozlarni namoyish qilish eskadroni uchun muhim voqealarni esladilar. .[30][31][32][33]

Navy Flight Exhibition Team qayta tashkil etildi va foydalanishga topshirildi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz flotining parvozlarni namoyish qilish guruhi 1973 yil 10-dekabrda.[34]

1946–1949

Grumman F6F-5 Hellcats 1946 yilda
Birinchi dengiz floti "Moviy farishtalar" parvozni namoyish qilish guruhi (1946–1947), ulardan birining oldida yig'ilgan Grumman F6F Hellcats (l dan r gacha): leytenant Al-Taddeo, yakka; Lt (J.G.) Geyl Stuz, zaxira buyumlar; Podpolkovnik. R.M. "Butch" Voris, parvoz rahbari; Leytenant Moris "Vik", Vikendoll, o'ng qanot; Leytenant Mel Kassidi, chap qanot

Moviy farishtalar 1946 yil 24 aprelda Dengiz ishlari boshlig'ining buyrug'iga binoan dengiz floti parvozlari ko'rgazmasi jamoasi sifatida tashkil etilgan Admiral Chester Nimitz dengiz aviatsiyasini jamoat tomonidan ko'proq qo'llab-quvvatlash uchun. Dengiz kuchlarini ruhiy holatini ko'tarish, dengiz kuchlari havo kuchlarini namoyish qilish va dengiz aviatsiyasiga jamoatchilikning qiziqishini saqlab qolish uchun asosiy vazifa dengiz kuchlariga qisqartirilgan mudofaa byudjetini ko'proq ajratish uchun jamoat va siyosiy yordamni yaratishda yordam berish edi. Kontr-admiral Ralf Devison shaxsan tanlangan Leytenant komandir Roy Marlin "Butch" Voris, Ikkinchi Jahon urushi qiruvchi ace, uni zobit ofitser va parvoz rahbari deb nomlagan holda parvozlarni namoyish etish guruhini yig'ish va tayyorlash. Voris unga qo'shilish uchun uchta o'qituvchini tanladi (leytenant Maurice "Wick" Vikendoll, leytenant Mel Kassidi va leytenant Kmdr. Lloyd Barnard, Tinch okeanidagi urush qatnashchilari) va ular namoyishni rivojlantirish uchun son-sanoqsiz soat sarfladilar. Guruh Florida shtatida yashirin ravishda dastlabki harakatlarini takomillashtirdi Everglades shunday qilib, Vorisning so'zlari bilan aytganda, "agar biron bir narsa yuz bersa, faqat timsohlar bilishadi". Dastlabki to'rtta uchuvchi va ulardan keyin bo'lganlar dengiz flotidagi eng yaxshi va tajribali aviatorlar bo'lgan va ulardan biri.[35]

Grumman F8F Bearcats "olmos" shakllanishida, 1947 yil

Jamoaning birinchi namoyishi Grumman F6F-5 Hellcat samolyot 1946 yil 10-mayda dengiz floti rasmiylari oldida bo'lib o'tdi va g'ayrat bilan ma'qullandi. Moviy farishtalar birinchi mashg'ulotlar bazasidan va jamoaning shtab-kvartirasidan birinchi ommaviy parvoz namoyishlarini namoyish etishdi Dengiz kuchlari stantsiyasi (NAS) Jacksonville, Florida, 1946 yil 15 va 16 iyun kunlari,[36] uchta F6F-5 Hellcats bilan (to'rtinchi F6F-5 zaxirada bo'lgan). 15-iyun kuni Voris o'zining vaznini kamaytirish uchun maxsus modifikatsiyalangan va dengiz ko'klarini oltin barglari bilan bo'yalgan uchta Hellcats (1-3 raqamli) boshchiligidagi 15 daqiqalik chiqishlari orqali olib bordi.[1] Jamoa a Shimoliy Amerika SNJ Texan, bo'yalgan va simulyatsiya qilish uchun tuzilgan Yaponcha nol, havo jangini simulyatsiya qilish. Keyinchalik ushbu samolyot sariq rangga bo'yalgan va "Qo'ng'iz bombasi" deb nomlangan. Ushbu samolyot samolyotlardan biridan ilhomlangan deb aytiladi Spike Jons ' Klassikalarni o'ldirish musiqa satiralari turkumi (qisman) sozlangan Uilyam Tell Uverturega aytdi zotli ot poygasi sahnasi sifatida, "Beetle Bomb" so'zlarida "orqada qolgan ot".

Jamoa tomoshabinlarni qattiq uchib yurgan va past darajadagi manevralar bilan hayajonlantirdi va (Vorisning so'zlariga ko'ra) "olomon oldida doimo biron narsani ushlab turish. Mening maqsadim armiya havo korpusini mag'lub etish edi. Agar shunday qilgan bo'lsak, biz" Boshqa barcha muammolarni bilib oling. Agar biz eng yaxshi bo'lmasak, bu mening dengizchilik martabam bo'lar edi, deb o'yladim. " Moviy farishtalarning birinchi ommaviy namoyishi, shuningdek, jamoaning hozirgi uyida namoyish etilgan birinchi sovrinni jamoaga topshirdi. Pensakola NAS. Da havo shousi paytida Omaxa, Nebraska 1946 yil 19-21 iyul kunlari Navy Flight Exhibition Team nomi bilan tanishtirildi Moviy farishtalar.[37] Bu nom o'ng qanot uchuvchisi leytenant Maurice "fitna" Vikendoll tomonidan Blue Anxel tungi klubi to'g'risida o'qiganidan keyin paydo bo'lgan. Nyu-Yorker jurnal. Hellcats bilan o'nta uchrashuvdan so'ng, Hellcats o'rniga 25 avgustda engilroq, tezroq va kuchliroq F8F-1 Bearcats almashtirildi.[37] Yil oxiriga kelib, jamoa quyruq qismlarida 1-4 gacha bo'lgan to'rtta Bearcatsdan iborat edi.

1947 yil may oyida parvoz rahbari leytenant Kmdr. Bob Klark Butch Voris o'rniga jamoaning etakchisi sifatida tayinlandi. Qo'shimcha beshinchi uchuvchisi bo'lgan jamoa boshqa joyga ko'chib o'tdi Dengiz kuchlari stantsiyasi (NAS) Corpus Christi, Texas. 7 iyun kuni Birmingem, Alabama, to'rtta F8F-1 Bearcats (1-4 raqamli) uchib ketishdi olmos shakllanishi birinchi marta bu endi Moviy farishtalarning savdo belgisi hisoblanadi. O'sha yili beshinchi Bearcat ham qo'shildi. SNJ avia shoularda Bearcats bilan itlar bilan kurashish uchun Yaponiyaning nolinchi sifatida ishlatilgan.

1948 yil yanvar oyida leytenant Kmdr. Raleigh "Dusty" Rhodes to'rtta Bearcats va "Beetle Bomb" deb nomlangan USN belgilariga ega sariq rangga bo'yalgan SNJni uchayotgan Blue Angels jamoasini boshqargan; SNJ Bearcats bilan bo'lib o'tgan itlar bilan kurashlar uchun Yaponiya nolini namoyish etdi. Bearcats-da "Moviy farishtalar" nomi ham bo'yalgan.[38]

1949 yilda jamoa a Duglas R4D Skytrain logistika uchun shou-saytlarga va undan. Jamoaning SNJ-si, shuningdek, "Beetle Bomb" taxallusini meros qilib olgan holda havoda jangovar amaliyot uchun sariq rangga bo'yalgan boshqa Bearcat bilan almashtirildi. May oyida jamoa g'arbiy qirg'oqqa vaqtincha navbatchilik bilan borishdi, shuning uchun uchuvchilar va jamoaning qolgan qismi reaktiv samolyotlar bilan tanishishlari mumkin edi.[39] 13 iyulda jamoa sotib oldi va to'g'ri qanotda uchishni boshladi Grumman F9F-2B Panther namoyish namoyishlari orasida.[40] 20 avgust kuni jamoa "Lusti" Rods komandasi Raleigh komandiri Lt.[37] da havo shousi paytida Bomont, Texas va 6-uchuvchini qo'shdi.[41][42] F8F-1 "Beetle Bomb" asosiy namoyishdan oldin yakka aerobatika darajasiga tushirildi, toki u 1950 yil 24 aprelda Pensakolada bo'lib o'tgan o'quv ko'rgazmasida parvoz paytida qulab tushdi va "ko'klar" uchuvchisi leytenant Robert Longuortni o'ldirdi. Jamoa shtab-kvartirasi ko'chib o'tdi NAS Corpus Christi, Texas, to NAAS Whiting Field, Florida, 1949 yil 10 sentyabrda, 1949 yil 14 iyulda e'lon qildi.[43]

1950–1959

Qo'llab-quvvatlash ekipaji o'z jamoasining uchishini kuzatib boradi Grumman F9F-2 Panther reaktiv qiruvchilar, 1952 yil

Blues Angels uchuvchilari 1950 yilda butun mamlakat bo'ylab chiqishlarini davom ettirdilar. 25 iyun kuni Koreya urushi boshlandi va barcha Blue Angels uchuvchilari[44] jangovar navbatchilik uchun ko'ngilli. Eskadron (uchuvchilarning etishmasligi va mavjud bo'lgan samolyotlar yo'qligi sababli) va uning a'zolariga ko'rgazmadan keyin "tayyor holatga qarshi kurashish" buyrug'i berildi. Dallas, Texas shtatidagi dengiz havo stantsiyasi 30 iyulda.[45] Moviy farishtalar tarqatib yuborildi,[37] va uning uchuvchilari a-ga tayinlandi tashuvchi. Bir marta samolyot tashuvchisiga USSPrinceton 9-noyabr kuni guruh asosiy tarkibni tashkil etdi Fighter Squadron 191 (VF-19), "Shaytonning mushukchalari", Ikkinchi Jahon urushi jangchisi ace va 1950 Moviy farishtalar qo'mondoni / Parvoz rahbari, leytenant qo'mondoni Jon Magda; u 1951 yil 8 martda jangda o'ldirilgan.

1951 yil 25-oktabrda "ko'k-anorranglilar" ga parvozni namoyish etish guruhi sifatida qayta faollashishga buyruq berildi va ularga xabar berishdi NAS Corpus Christi, Texas. Podpolkovnik. Vorisga yana jamoani yig'ish vazifasi yuklandi (u ularni ikki marta boshqargan ikkita qo'mondonlardan birinchisi edi). 1952 yil may oyida Moviy farishtalar F9F-5 Panthers bilan yana sahna ko'rishni boshladi[46] aerodromda Memfis, Tennesi.[47] 1953 yilda jamoa[48] o'zining Sky Train-ni a uchun sotib oldi Curtiss R5C komandasi. Avgust oyida "ko'klar" etakchisi LCDR Ray Hawkins u boshqarayotgan yangi F9F-6 kroslar parvozida boshqarib bo'lmaydigan bo'lib qolganida, ovozdan tezlikda chiqarib yuborishda omon qolgan birinchi dengiz aviatori bo'ldi.[49][50][51] Yozdan keyin jamoa F9F-6 Panthers bilan namoyish qilishni boshladi.

Grumman F9F-8 Cougar 1956 yilda tashkil topgan

1954 yilda birinchi Dengiz kuchlari korpusi uchuvchi, kapitan Chak Xiett, dengiz kuchlari parvozlarini namoyish etish guruhiga qo'shildi.[52] Moviy farishtalar maxsus rangli parvoz kostyumlarini ham olishdi.[37] May oyida, Moviy farishtalar Bolling aviabazasi Vashingtonda, DC bilan Havo kuchlari momaqaldiroqlari (1953 yil 25-mayda faollashtirilgan).[53] Moviy farishtalar o'sha qishda Florida shtatidagi Pensakola (Air Force Station) aeroportidagi (NAS) hozirgi uyiga ko'chishni boshladi.[54] va bu erda ular supurish qanotiga o'tdilar Grumman F9F-8 Cougar. Dekabr oyida jamoa o'z uyidan birinchi qishki mashg'ulot bazasiga jo'nab ketdi El Centro dengiz kuchlari havosi, Kaliforniya[55]

1956 yil sentyabr oyida jamoa qarama-qarshi yakkaxon pozitsiyasida parvoz namoyishiga oltinchi samolyotni qo'shdi,[56] va Qo'shma Shtatlar tashqarisidagi Xalqaro havo ko'rgazmasida o'zining birinchi chiqishlarini namoyish etdi Toronto, Ontario, Kanada. Shuningdek, u o'zining logistika samolyotlarini Duglas R5D Skymaster.[iqtibos kerak ]

1957 yilda Moviy farishtalar F9F-8 Cougar-dan ovozdan yuqori ovozga o'tdilar Grumman F11F-1 Tiger.[57] Dastlabki namoyish 23 mart kuni qisqa burunli versiyada uchib ketdi Barin maydoni, Pensacola, so'ngra uzoq burunli versiyalar. Namoyish guruhi (Angel 6 qo'shilgan holda) o'sha mavsumdagi birinchi havo shousida oltin parvoz kostyumlarini kiyib olgan.

1958 yilda o'sha mavsumda birinchi olti samolyotli delta manevralari qo'shildi.[iqtibos kerak ]

1960–1969

Grumman F11F-1 Tiger, 1957–69

1964 yil iyul oyida Moviy farishtalar Aeronaves de Mexico yubiley aviako'rgazmasida ishtirok etishdi Mexiko, Meksika, taxminan 1,5 million kishini tashkil etadigan olomon oldida.

1965 yilda Moviy farishtalar a Karib dengizi orol sayohati, beshta joyda uchish. O'sha yili ular o'nlab saytlarga, shu jumladan, Evropaga ekskursiyaga kirishdilar Parij havo shousi, bu erda ular olqishlagan yagona jamoa edi.

1967 yilda "ko'klar" yana oltita joyda Evropani aylanib chiqishdi.

1968 yilda C-54 Skymaster transport samolyoti a bilan almashtirildi Lockheed VC-121J Constellation. "Ko'klar" ikki o'ringa o'tishdi McDonnell Duglas F-4J Phantom II 1969 yilda deyarli har doim parvoz namoyishlari uchun orqa o'rindiqni bo'sh qoldirgan. "Ko'klar" ham, ham samolyotlar tomonidan boshqarilgan yagona samolyot Phantom edi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari havo kuchlari momaqaldiroqlari ("Qushlar"). O'sha yili ular ham yangilandi Lockheed C-121 Super Constellation logistika uchun.

Xotira kuni "Moviy farishtalar" Mayami plyajida chiqish qilishadi

1970–1979

Imperator Eron havo kuchlari a'zolari Oltin toj va Moviy farishtalar qo'shma havo namoyishi paytida; Kushke Nosrat aviabazasi, 1973
Oltita Moviy farishtalar Duglas A-4F Skyhawks "fleur de lis" manevrasini bajarish.

1970 yilda "ko'klar" birinchi AQSh dengiz piyoda korpusini qabul qilishdi Lockheed KC-130F Hercules, butun dengiz ekipaji tomonidan boshqariladi. O'sha yili ular birinchi Janubiy Amerika turiga chiqishdi.

1971 yilda birinchi namoyish uchun oltin parvoz kostyumlarini kiygan jamoa,[58] Koreyada, Yaponiyada, Tayvanda, Guamda va Filippindagi o'nlab joylarda o'zlarining birinchi Uzoq Sharqdagi turlarini o'tkazdilar.

1972 yilda Moviy farishtalar dengiz floti bilan taqdirlandilar Meritorious Unit maqtovi 1970 yil 1 martdan 1971 yil 31 dekabrgacha bo'lgan ikki yillik davr uchun. 1973 yilda yana bir Evropa safari, shu jumladan avia shoular ham bor Tehron, Eron, Angliya, Frantsiya, Ispaniya, Turkiya, Gretsiya va Italiya.

1973 yil 10-dekabrda dengiz floti parvozlari ko'rgazma jamoasi qayta tashkil qilindi va foydalanishga topshirildi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz flotining parvozlarni namoyish qilish otryadlari.[59][60] Ko'klar missiyasi ko'proq dengiz flotini jalb qilish bilan shug'ullangan.

1974 yilda Moviy farishtalar yangisiga o'tdilar Duglas A-4F Skyhawk II. Dengiz kuchlari qo'mondoni Entoni kamroq eskadronning birinchi "qo'mondoni" va "parvoz rahbari" bo'ldi. Jamoaga doimiy ravishda parvozlar bo'yicha jarroh lavozimi va ma'muriyat xodimi qo'shildi.[59][61] Harbiy xizmatga jalb etishni yanada takomillashtirish maqsadida eskadron missiyasi Less tomonidan qayta belgilandi.

1980–1989

1986 yilda LCDR Donni Kokran, birinchi bo'lib Moviy farishtalarga qo'shildi Afroamerikalik Naval Aviator tanlanishi kerak.[62][63] U yana ikki yil davomida chap qanot pozitsiyasida uchib yurgan eskadron bilan xizmat qildi. 3 ta A-4F qiruvchisi va 1995 va 1996 yillarda Moviy farishtalar qo'mondonligiga qaytdi.[64]

1986 yil 8 noyabrda Moviy farishtalar o'zlarining 40 yillik yubileylarini o'zlarining hozirgi samolyotlarini ochish marosimlarida yakunladilar McDonnell Duglas F / A-18 Hornet. Hornetning kuchi va aerodinamikasi ularga sekin, yuqori ko'rsatkichlarni bajarishga imkon beradi hujum burchagi "quyruqda o'tirish" manevrasi va "iflos" (pastga tushish moslamasi) shakllanish aylanasida uchish.[65][66]

1990–1999

Bugun sizning harbiy faoliyatingizda juda muhim va unutilmas kun bo'lib, u butun umr davomida sizda qoladi. Siz tengdoshlaringizning so'nggi sinovidan omon chiqdingiz va AQShning Moviy Moviy farishtalari tepaligini kiyishga to'liq loyiq ekanligingizni isbotladingiz. Moviy farishtalar formasini kiyishning obro'si g'ayrioddiy sharafga ega, bu nafaqat sizning shaxs sifatida, balki jamoadoshlaringiz va butun otryadingiz uchun ham aks etadi. Havo shoularidagi olomonga va butun mamlakat bo'ylab kasalxonalar va maktablarda siz dengiz kuchlari va dengiz piyoda korpusining eng yaxshi belgisisiz. Siz bugungi yoshlarning tabassumlari va qo'l siqishlarida ertangi dengiz floti va dengiz piyoda qo'shinlari uchun g'urur, umid va va'da keltirasiz. Bugungi kunni Moviy farishtaga aylangan kun sifatida eslang; jamoadoshlaringizga atrofga nazar soling va ushbu maxsus aloqani xotirada saqlang. "Bir paytlar Moviy farishta, har doim Moviy farishta" bu AQSh dengiz ko'k farishtalari tepasini kiyganlarning barchasi uchun to'g'ri keladi. Jamoaga xush kelibsiz.

The Blue Angels Creed, Muallif JO1 Keti Konn 1991-1993[67]

1992 yilda "Moviy farishtalar" bir oylik Evropaga sayohat qilish uchun safarga chiqdilar, bu 19 yil ichida birinchi bo'lib, Shvetsiya, Finlyandiya, Rossiyada (u erda birinchi xorijiy parvoz namoyish guruhi), Ruminiya, Bolgariya, Italiya, Buyuk Britaniya, va Ispaniya.

1998 yilda CDR Patrik Driskoll birinchi "Moviy Jet" ni "xira kulrang va davom etmoqda "samolyot tashuvchisi, USS Garri S. Truman (CVN-75).

1999 yil 8 oktyabrda Moviy farishtalar ikkita uchuvchisidan ayrildi. LCDR Kieron O'Connor va LT Kevin Kolling havo shousidan oldin amaliy parvozdan qaytayotgan edi F / A-18B Gruziyaning janubidagi o'rmonzorda qulab tushdi.[68]

2000–2009

2000 yilda Dengiz kuchlari 1999 yil oktyabr oyida Moviy farishtalarning ikkita uchuvchisining yo'qolishi bilan bog'liq tekshiruvlarni olib borgan. F / A-18 Hornet uchuvchilaridan kiyinish talab qilinmagan va kiyilmaydi. g-kostyumlar.

2006 yilda Moviy farishtalar o'zining 60-yilligini nishonladilar.[69] 2008 yil 30 oktyabrda jamoaning vakili jamoa yilning so'nggi uchta o'yinini oltita emas, beshta samolyot bilan yakunlashini e'lon qildi. O'zgarish, tashkilotdagi bir uchuvchi va boshqa bir zobit "nomuvofiq munosabatlar" uchun javobgarlikdan chetlatilgani bilan bog'liq edi. Dengiz kuchlarining ta'kidlashicha, shaxslardan biri erkak, ikkinchisi ayol, biri dengiz piyoda askarlari, ikkinchisi esa dengiz flotidan va dengiz harbiy havo mashg'ulotlari boshlig'i kontr-admiral Mark Gvadagnini vaziyatni ko'rib chiqmoqda.[70] Keyingi chiqishida Laklend havo kuchlari bazasi e'londan keyin Yo'q 4 yoki slot uchuvchisi, shakllanishda yo'q edi. Jamoa vakili jamoadan chiqarilgan uchuvchining shaxsini tasdiqlamaydi.[71] 2008 yil 6-noyabrda ikkala zobit ham aybdor deb topildi admiralning ustuni Belgilanmagan ayblovlar bo'yicha, ammo olingan jazo oshkor qilinmadi.[72] Keyinroq Pensakola News Journal veb-saytida / forumida uchuvchi sifatida ishtirok etgan ikki a'zoning ismlari e'lon qilindi. 4 USMC mayori Klint Xarris va ma'muriy ofitser, dengiz floti leytenanti Gretxen Doane.[73]

2007 yil 21 aprelda Devis No boshqaruvini yo'qotishi natijasida uchuvchi Kevin "Kojak" Devis halok bo'ldi va sakkiz kishi jarohat oldi. 6 samolyot va qulab tushdi G-kuchidan kelib chiqqan ongni yo'qotish tufayli (G-LOC ) da shou paytida Dengiz kuchlari korpusining Bauort aeroporti yilda Bofort, Janubiy Karolina.

Yog 'Albert JATO-ning so'nggi namoyishini 2009 yilgi Pensakola uyiga qaytish shousida o'tkazdi va qolgan sakkizta JATO butilkasini sarf qildi. Ushbu namoyish nafaqat eskadronning JATO-ning so'nggi chiqishi, balki AQSh dengiz piyoda korpusining JATO-dan so'nggi foydalanishidir.[74]

2009 yilda Moviy farishtalar Xalqaro havo va kosmik shon-sharaf zaliga qabul qilindi San-Diego havo va kosmik muzeyi.[75]

2010–2019

F / A-18 Hornets San-Frantsiskoda chiqish qilmoqda
F / A-18 Hornets 2019 Fort-Uert Alliance Air Show-da

2011 yil 22 mayda Moviy farishtalar Lynchburg Regional Airshow-da chiqish qilishdi Lynchburg, Virjiniya, Diamond shakllanishi Barrel Roll Break manevrasini talab qilingan minimal darajadan pastroq balandlikda uchganida.[76] Manevr bekor qilindi, qolgan namoyish bekor qilindi va barcha samolyotlar xavfsiz tarzda qo'ndi. Ertasi kuni "Moviy farishtalar" xavfsizlikni to'xtatish tashabbusi bilan boshlanishlarini e'lon qilishdi, ular yaqinda bo'lib o'tadigan Naval Academy Airshow-ni bekor qilishdi va Florida shtatidagi Pensacola-ga qo'shimcha mashg'ulotlar va airshow amaliyoti uchun qaytib kelishdi.[77] 26 may kuni Moviy farishtalar Harbiy-dengiz floti akademiyasining bitiruv marosimini an'anaviy ravishda uchib ketmasliklarini va 2011 yil 28-29 may kunlari Millville Wings and Wheels Airshow-dagi chiqishlarini bekor qilishlarini e'lon qilishdi. Millvil, Nyu-Jersi.

Legion of Leit xizmati Parvoz rahbari Stiven Fuliga topshirildi.

2011 yil 27 mayda Moviy farishtalar, komandir Deyv Koss, otryadning qo'mondoni, iste'foga chiqishini e'lon qildi. Uning o'rnini jamoaning avvalgi qo'mondonligi xodimi kapitan Greg Makverter egalladi.[78] Eskadron otashinlarni bekor qildi Rokford, Illinois Airfest 4-5 iyun va Evansvill, McWherter rahbarligida qo'shimcha mashg'ulotlar va namoyish mashg'ulotlariga ruxsat berish uchun Indiana shtatidagi Ozodlik Festivali 11-12 iyun kunlari.[78]

2011 yil 29 iyulda yangi Blue Angels Mustang GT kim oshdi savdosida 400 ming dollarga sotildi "AirVenture Oshkosh" eksperimental aviatsiya birlashmasi (Oshkosh Air Show) har yili 25-31 iyul kunlari aviatsiya ixlosmandlarining yozgi yig'ilishi Oshkosh, Viskonsin 541,000 kishi qatnashgan va 2522 samolyot namoyish qilgan.[79][80]

2011 yil 2 va 4 sentyabr kunlari mehnat kuni dam olish kunida Moviy farishtalar birinchi marta odatiy JP-5 samolyotining ellik-ellik aralashmasi va tuya - asosida bioyoqilg'i Dengiz kuchlari stantsiyasi Patuxent daryosi, Merilend.[81][82] McWherter 17 avgust kuni F / A-18 sinov parvozini amalga oshirdi va kokpit ichkarisida ishlashda sezilarli farqlar yo'qligini aytdi.[83][84]

2013 yil 1 martda AQSh dengiz kuchlari 2013 yil 1 apreldan keyin 2013 yil qolgan spektakllarini bekor qilishini e'lon qildi sekvestratsiya byudjet cheklovlari.[85][86][87] 2013 yil oktyabr oyida Mudofaa vaziri Chak Xeygl "jamoatchilik va jamoatchilik bilan aloqalarni o'rnatish - bu muhim idoraviy faoliyat" ekanligini aytib, Moviy farishtalar (AQSh havo kuchlari bilan birgalikda Momaqaldiroq qushlari ) 2014 yildan boshlab avia shoularda paydo bo'lishni davom ettiradi, garchi ko'priklar soni keskin kamayib boraveradi.[88]

2014 yil 15 martda 1–7 raqamli namoyishchilar uchish mavsumidagi birinchi havo shousi paytida jamoaning «osmonga qaytishini» nishonlash uchun oltin parvoz kostyumlarini kiyishdi;[89] 2013 yilda atigi uchta avia shou bo'lgan.

2014 yil iyun oyida kapitan Greg Makverter, "Moviy farishtalar" ning 2008-2010 va 2011-2012 yillardagi parvoz rahbari, Admdan tanbeh xati oldi. Garri Xarris keyin admiralning ustuni jamoada ikkinchi safari davomida "jinsiy zo'ravonlikning aniq va takroriy holatlarini to'xtata olmaganligi, eskadron tarkibidagi keng tarqalgan axloqsizlik amaliyotiga yo'l qo'ygani va kichik ofitserlar bilan noo'rin va professional bo'lmagan bahslarga kirishgani uchun".[90]

2014 yil iyul oyida Dengiz Korpusi kapitani 27 yoshli Keti Xiggins "Moviy farishtalar" safiga qo'shilgan birinchi ayol uchuvchi bo'ldi.[91][92] 2015 yil iyul oyida Kmdr Bob Flinn Moviy farishtalarning birinchi ijrochi xodimi bo'ldi.[iqtibos kerak ]

2016 yil iyul oyida Boeing kompaniyasi Boeing F / A-18E / F Super Hornet-ni Moviy farishtalardan foydalanish uchun konvertatsiya qilish bo'yicha muhandislik taklifini boshlash uchun 12 million dollarlik shartnoma bilan taqdirlandi va bu taklif 2017 yil sentyabrga qadar yakunlanadi.[93]

2020-2029

Ga javoban koronavirusning avj olishi, Moviy farishtalar sog'liqni saqlash va front xodimlariga hurmat sifatida AQShning ko'plab shaharlari bo'ylab uchib o'tishdi.[94]

"Ko'klar" ga o'tmoqda Boeing F / A-18E Super Hornets 2021 yilgi shou mavsumiga tayyorgarlik sifatida.[95]

Samolyotlar xronologiyasi

Tarixiy ravishda uchgan barcha samolyotlar tasvirlangan rasm
Blue Angels samolyoti 2018 Airshow, Abbotsford, Kanada 2018 oldida to'xtab qoldi

"Ko'klar" sakkiz xil namoyish samolyotini va oltita qo'llab-quvvatlovchi samolyot modellarini uchirishdi:[96][97]

Namoyish qiluvchi samolyot
  1. Grumman F6F-5 Hellcat: 1946 yil iyun - avgust
  2. Grumman F8F-1 Bearcat: 1946 yil avgust - 1949 yil
  3. Grumman F9F-2 Panther: 1949 - 1950 yil iyun (birinchi samolyot); F9F-5 Panther: 1951 - 1954/55 yil qish
  4. Grumman F9F-8 Cougar: 1954/55 yil qish - 1957 yil o'rtalarida (supurgi)
  5. Grumman F11F-1 (F-11) yo'lbarsi: 1957 - 1968 yilgi mavsum o'rtasi (birinchi ovozdan tez jet)
  6. McDonnell Duglas F-4J Phantom II: 1969 - 1974 yil dekabr
  7. Duglas A-4F Skyhawk: 1974 yil dekabr - 1986 yil noyabr
  8. McDonnell Duglas F / A-18A Hornet (F / A-18B №7 sifatida): 1986 yil noyabr - 2020 yil[iqtibos kerak ]
  9. Boeing F / A-18E Super Hornet (F / A-18F №7 sifatida): 2021–[98]
Qo'llab-quvvatlash samolyotlari
  1. JRB ekspeditor (olxa 18): 1949–?
  2. Duglas R4D-6 Skytrain: 1949–1955
  3. Curtiss R5C komandasi: 1953
  4. Duglas R5D Skymaster: 1956–1968
  5. Lockheed C-121 Super Constellation: 1969–1973
  6. Lockheed C-130 Gerkules "Semiz Albert": 1970–2019 (JATO foydalanish 2009 yilda to'xtatilgan)
  7. Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules "Semiz Albert": 2020 yil - hozirgi kunga qadar
Turli xil samolyotlar
  1. Shimoliy Amerika SNJ Texan "Beetle Bomb" (yapon tilini simulyatsiya qilish uchun ishlatiladi A6M nol 1940 yillarning oxirlarida namoyishlarda samolyot)
  2. Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star (Used during the 1950s as a VIP transport aircraft for the team)
  3. Vought F7U Cutlass (two of the unusual F7Us were received in late 1952 and flown as a side demonstration during the 1953 season but they were not a part of their regular formations which at the time used the F9F Panther. Pilots and ground crew found it unsatisfactory and plans to use it as the team's primary aircraft were cancelled).

Air show routine

The "opposing knife-edge" pass. The far aircraft is actually slightly higher than the near one to make them appear in-line.
The double farvel formation
"Section High Alpha", the slowest maneuver of the show. Two hornets slow down to 125 knots (232 km/h) as they pitch up together to 45 degrees.
The Delta shakllanishi

This Blue Angels show routine was used in 2017.

  • Fat Albert (C-130)—high-performance takeoff (Low Transition)
  • Fat Albert—Parade Pass (The plane banks around the front of the crowd.)
  • Fat Albert—Flat Pass
  • Fat Albert—Head on Pass
  • Fat Albert—Short-Field Assault Landing
  • FA-18 Engine Start-Up and Taxi Out
  • Diamond Takeoff—either a low transition with turn, a loop on takeoff, a Half Cuban Eight takeoff, or a Half Squirrel Cage
  • Solos Take Off—No. 5 Dirty Roll on Takeoff; No. 6 Low Transition to High Performance Climb
  • Diamond 360—Aircraft 1, 2, 3 and 4 in their signature 18-inch wingtip-to-canopy diamond formation
  • Opposing Knife Edge Pass
  • Diamond Roll—entire diamond formation rolls as a single entity
  • Opposing Inverted to Inverted Rolls
  • Diamond Aileron Roll—all four diamond jets perform simultaneous aileron rolls
  • Fortus—Solos flying in carrier landing configuration with No. 5 inverted, establishing a "mirror image" effect
  • Diamond Dirty Loop—the diamond flies a loop with all four jets in carrier landing configuration
  • Minimum Radius Turn—highest G maneuver (No. 5 flies a "horizontal loop" pulling seven Gs to maintain a tight radius.)
  • Double Farvel—diamond formation flat pass with No. 1 va yo'q 4 inverted
  • Opposing Minimum Radius Turn
  • Echelon Parade
  • Opposing Horizontal Rolls
  • Left Echelon Roll—a roll into the Echelon, which is somewhat difficult for the outside aircraft
  • Sneak Pass—the fastest speed of the show, just under Mach 1 (about 700 mph at sea level) Video
  • Line-Abreast Loop—the most difficult formation maneuver to do well (No. 5 joins the diamond as the five jets fly a loop in a straight line.)
  • Opposing Four Point Hesitation Roll
  • Vertical Break
  • Opposing Vertical Pitch
  • Barrel Roll Break
  • Tuck Over Roll
  • Low Break Cross
  • Section High-Alpha Pass: (tail sitting), the show's slowest maneuver[99][100]
  • Diamond Burner 270
  • Delta Roll
  • Fler de Lis
  • Solos Pass to Rejoin, Diamond flies a loop
  • Loop Break Cross—Delta Break (After the break the aircraft separate in six different directions, perform half Cuban Eights then cross in the center of the performance area.)
  • Delta Breakout
  • Delta Pitch Up Carrier Break to Land

Zobitlar

Taniqli qo'mondonlarga quyidagilar kiradi;

Legion of Merit awarded to Flight Leader Capt Driscoll.

Taniqli a'zolar

Below are some of the more notable members of the Blue Angels squadron:

Team accidents, deaths

A total of 26 Blue Angels pilots and one crew member have died in Blue Angels history.[125][126]

O'limlar

1946–2016 (20 pilots, one crew member)
  • Lt. Ross "Robby" Robinson—29 September 1946: killed during a performance when a wingtip broke off his F8F-1 Bearcat, sending him into an unrecoverable spin.
  • Lt. Bud Wood—7 July 1952: killed when his F9F-5 Panther collided with another Panther jet during a demonstration in Corpus Christi, Texas.[127] The team resumed performances two weeks later.
  • Smdr. Robert Nicholls Glasgow—14 October 1958: died during an orientation flight just days after reporting for duty as the new Blue Angels leader.[128]
  • Lt. Anton M. Campanella (#3 Left Wing)—14 June 1960: killed flying a Grumman F-11A Tiger that crashed into the water near Fort-Morgan, Alabama sinov parvozi paytida.[129]
  • Lt. George L. Neale—15 March 1964: killed during an attempted emergency landing at Apalach Airport near Apalachicola, Florida. Lt. Neale's F-11A Tiger had experienced mechanical difficulties during a flight from West Palm Beach, ga Pensacola dengiz havo stantsiyasi, causing him to attempt the emergency landing. Failing to reach the airport, he ejected from the aircraft on final approach, but his parachute did not have sufficient time to fully deploy.[130]
  • Podpolkovnik. Dick Oliver—2 September 1966: crashed his F-11A Tiger and was killed at the Kanada xalqaro aviatsiya ko'rgazmasi Torontoda.
  • Lt Frank Gallagher—1 February 1967: killed when his F-11A Tiger stalled during a practice Half Cuban Eight maneuver and spun into the ground.
  • Capt. Ronald Thompson—18 February 1967: killed when his F-11A Tiger struck the ground during a practice formation loop.
  • Lt. Bill Worley (Opposing Solo)—14 January 1968: killed when his Tiger crashed during a practice double Immelmann.
  • Lt. Larry Watters—14 February 1972: killed when his F-4J Phantom II struck the ground, upright, while practicing inverted flight, during winter training at NAF El Centro.
  • Podpolkovnik. Skip Umstead (Team Leader), Capt. Mike Murphy, and ADJ1 Ron Thomas (Crew Chief)—26 July 1973: all three were killed in a mid-air collision between two Phantoms over Lakehurst, New Jersey, during an arrival practice. The rest of the season was cancelled after this incident.
  • Lt. Nile Kraft (Opposing Solo)—22 February 1977: killed when his Skyhawk struck the ground during practice.
  • Lt. Michael Curtin—8 November 1978: one of the solo Skyhawks struck the ground after low roll during arrival maneuvers at Naval Air Station Miramar, and Curtin was killed.
  • Lt. Cmdr Stu Powrie (Lead Solo)—22 February 1982: killed when his Skyhawk struck the ground during winter training at Naval Air Facility El Centro, California, just after a dirty loop.
  • Podpolkovnik. Mike Gershon (Lead Solo)—13 July 1985: his Skyhawk collided with Lt. Andy Caputi (Opposing Solo) during a show at Niagara Falls, Gershon was killed and Caputi ejected and parachuted to safety.[131]
  • Podpolkovnik. Kieron O'Connor and Lt. Kevin Colling—28 October 1999: flying in the back seat and front seat of a Hornet, both were killed after striking the ground during circle and arrival maneuvers in Valdosta, Gruziya.[132]
  • Podpolkovnik. Kevin J. Davis—21 April 2007: crashed his Hornet near the end of the Dengiz kuchlari korpusining Bauort aeroporti havo shousi Bofort, Janubiy Karolina va o'ldirildi.[133]
  • Capt. Jeff "Kooch" Kuss (Opposing Solo, #6)—2 June 2016: died just after takeoff while performing the Split-S maneuver in his F/A-18 Hornet during a practice run for The Great Tennessee Air Show in Smyrna, Tennessi. The Navy investigation found that Capt. Kuss had performed the maneuver too low while failing to retard the throttle out of afterburner, causing him to fall too fast and recover too low above the ground. Kapitan Kuss tashqariga otilib chiqdi, ammo uning parashyuti darhol alangalanib, uning o'limiga sabab bo'ldi. Kussning jasadi halokat joyidan bir necha metr narida topilgan. O'lim sababi boshning qattiq shikastlanishi edi. The investigation also cited weather and pilot fatigue as additional causes to the crash.[134] In a strange twist, Captain Kuss' fatal crash happened hours after the Blue Angels' fellow pilots in the Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari havo kuchlari momaqaldiroqlari suffered a crash of their own, following the Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari havo kuchlari akademiyasi graduation ceremony earlier that day.[135] Capt. Jeff Kuss was replaced by Cmdr. Frank Weisser to finish out the 2016 and 2017 seasons.

Boshqa hodisalar

1958–2004
  • Lt. John R. Dewenter—2 August 1958: landed wheels up at Buffalo Niagara xalqaro aeroporti after experiencing engine troubles during a show in Klarens, Nyu-York. The Grumman F-11 Tiger landed on Runway 23, but exited airport property, coming to rest in the intersection of Genesee Street and Dick Road, nearly hitting a filling station. Lt. Dewenter was uninjured, but the plane was a total loss.
  • Lt. Ernie Christensen—30 August 1970: belly-landed his F-4J Phantom at Sharqiy Ayova aeroporti yilda Sidar-Rapids, Ayova, after he inadvertently left the landing gear in the up position.[136] He ejected safely, while the aircraft slid off the runway.
  • Smdr. Harley Hall—4 June 1971: safely ejected after his F-4J Phantom jet caught fire during practice over NAS Quonset Point in North Kingstown, Rhode Island, and crashed in Narragansett ko'rfazi.[137]
  • Capt. John Fogg, Lt. Marlin Wiita, and Lt. Cmdr. Don Bentley—8 March 1973: all three survived a multi-aircraft mid-air collision during practice over Superstition Mountain, near El Centro, California.
  • Lt. Jim Ross (Lead Solo)—April 1980: unhurt when his Skyhawk suffered a fuel line fire during a show at Ruzvelt yo'llari dengiz stantsiyasi, Puerto-Riko. Lt. Ross stayed with the plane and landed, leaving the end of the runway and rolling into the woods after a total hydraulic failure upon landing.
  • Lt. Dave Anderson (Lead solo)—12 February 1987: ejected from his Hornet after a dual engine flame-out during practice near El Centro, California.
  • Marine Corps Maj. Charles Moseley and Cmdr. Pat Moneymaker—23 January 1990: their Blue Angel Hornets suffered a mid-air collision during a practice at El Centro. Moseley ejected safely and Moneymaker was able to land his airplane, which then required a complete right wing replacement.[138]
  • Lt. Ted Steelman—1 December 2004: ejected from his F/A-18 approximately one mile off Perdido Key after his aircraft struck the water, suffering catastrophic engine and structural damage. He suffered minor injuries.[139]

Qurbonlar bilan kurash

Four former Blue Angels pilots have been killed in action or died in a war. All four were Blue Angels during the war they later died in.[140]

Koreya urushi

  • Commander John Magda—8 March 1951: Blue Angels (1949, 1950; Commander/Flight Leader 1950): Magda was killed after his F9F-2B Panther was hit by antiaircraft fire while leading a low-level strike mission against North Korean and Chinese communist positions at Tanchon bu unga erishdi Navy Cross Koreya urushi paytida.[141] He also was a fighter ace in World War II.

Vetnam urushi

  • Commander Herbert P. Hunter—19 July 1967: Blue Angels (1957–1959; Lead Solo pilot): Hunter was hit by antiaircraft fire in North Vietnam and crashed in his F-8E salibchi Vetnam urushi paytida.[142][143] U mukofotga sazovor bo'ldi Hurmatli Flying Cross posthumously for actions on 16 July 1967. He also was a Korean War veteran.
  • Captain Clarence O. Tolbert—6 November 1972: Blue Angels (1968): Tolbert was flying a Corsair II (A-7B) during a mission in North Vietnam and was hit by antiaircraft fire, crashed, and died during his second tour in the Vietnam war. U mukofotga sazovor bo'ldi Kumush yulduz and Distinguished Flying Cross for his service.[144]
  • Captain Harley H. Hall—27 January 1973: Blue Angels (1970–1971; Commander/Team Leader 1971): Hall and his co-pilot were shot down by antiaircraft fire in South Vietnam flying their F-4J Phantom II on the last day of the Vietnam War, and they both were officially listed as harbiy asirlar. In 1980, Hall was presumed to have died while captured.[145][146][147]

Ommaviy axborot vositalarida

Jon Travolta va Oliviya Nyuton-Jon with Blue Angels, 1982
  • The Blue Angels was a dramatic television series, starring Dennis Xoch va Don Gordon, inspired by the team's exploits and filmed with the cooperation of the Navy. U efirga uzatildi sindikatsiya from 26 September 1960 to 3 July 1961.[148]
  • Threshold: The Blue Angels Experience is a 1975 documentary film, written by Dune muallif Frank Xerbert, featuring the team in practice and performance during their F-4J Phantom era; many of the aerial photography techniques pioneered in Eshik were later used in the film Top qurol.[149]
  • Uchish uchun!, a short IMAX film featured at the Smithsonian Air and Space muzeyi since its 1976 opening features footage from a camera on a Blue Angels A4 Skyhawk tail as the pilot performs in a show.[150]
  • 2005 yilda Discovery kanali aired a documentary miniseries, Blue Angels: A Year in the Life, focusing on the intricate day-to-day details of that year's training and performance schedule.[151][152]
  • 2009 yilda, MythBusters enlisted the aid of Blue Angels to help test the myth that a sonic boom could shatter glass.[153]
  • Blue Angels and the Momaqaldiroq qushlari to'rt disk SkyTrax DVD set 2012 TOPICS Entertainment, Inc. It features highlights from airshows performed in the United States shot from inside and outside the cockpit including interviews of squadron aviators, plus aerial combat footage taken during Cho'l bo'roni, histories of the two flying squadrons from 1947 through 2008 including on-screen notes on changes in Congressional budgeting and research program funding, photo gallery slideshow, and two "forward-looking" sequences 21-asrga detailing developments of the F / A-18 hornet 's C and E and F models (10 min.) and footage of the F-22 with commentary (20 min.).

Shuningdek qarang

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