Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi - United States Naval Academy

Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi
USNA Gold Seal.png
ShioriLotin: Ex Scientia Tridens
Ingliz tilidagi shior
Bilimdan, dengiz kuchidan
TuriAQSh xizmat akademiyasi
O'rnatilgan10 oktyabr 1845 yil; 175 yil oldin (1845-10-10)
Akademik aloqalar
APLU
Kosmik grant
BoshliqVADM Shon Bak
1983 yilgi USNA klassi
ProvostEndryu T. Fillips
Midshipmenlar komandiriCAPT Tomas R. Byukenen
1992 yilgi USNA klassi
Ilmiy xodimlar
510
Talabalar4576 midshipmen
Manzil, ,
Qo'shma Shtatlar
Talabalar shaharchasiShahar - 338 gektar (136,8 ga)
Fight songAnchors Tarozi
Ranglarto'q ko'k rang   va oltin  
TaxallusMidshipmenlar
Sport aloqalari
NCAA I bo'limiVatanparvarlik ligasi
AAC CSFL EARC EIGL EIWA
MascotBill echki
Veb-saytwww.usna.edu
AQSh dengiz akademiyasi
Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi Merilendda joylashgan
Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi
Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi AQShda joylashgan
Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi
ManzilMerilend prospekti va Gannover ko'chasi, Annapolis, Merilend
Qurilgan1845 (1845)
Me'morErnest Flagg
MuhandisSeverud Associates
Arxitektura uslubiBeaux Arts[2]
NRHP ma'lumotnomasiYo'q66000386[1]
Muhim sanalar
NRHP-ga qo'shildi1966 yil 15 oktyabr
NHLD tomonidan tayinlangan4 iyul 1961 yil[3]

The Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi (USNA, Annapolisyoki oddiygina Dengiz kuchlari) a federal xizmat akademiyasi qo'shni Annapolis, Merilend. 1845 yil 10-oktyabrda tashkil etilgan Dengiz kuchlari kotibi Jorj Bankroft, bu beshlikning eng kattasi, ikkinchisi AQSh xizmat akademiyalari, va ofitserlarni o'qitadi foydalanishga topshirish birinchi navbatda Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz kuchlari va Qo'shma Shtatlar dengiz piyoda korpusi. 338 gektarlik (137 ga) talabalar shaharchasi avvalgi maydonlarda joylashgan Fort Severn ning quyilish joyida Severn daryosi va Chesapeake Bay yilda Anne Arundel okrugi, Vashingtondan sharqdan 33 mil (53 km) va janubi-sharqdan 26 mil (42 km) Baltimor. Talabalar shaharchasi (insayderlarga "Yard" nomi bilan tanilgan) a Milliy tarixiy yo'nalish va ko'plab tarixiy joylar, binolar va yodgorliklar joylashgan uy. U o'rnini egalladi Filadelfiya dengiz boshpana, yilda Filadelfiya, 1838 yildan 1845 yilgacha Annapolisda Dengizchilik akademiyasi tashkil topganida, bu birinchi Qo'shma Shtatlar dengiz akademiyasi bo'lib xizmat qilgan.[4]

Odatda qabul qilish uchun nomzodlar to'g'ridan-to'g'ri akademiyaga murojaat qilishlari va nomzodni olishlari kerak, odatda a Kongress a'zosi. Talabalar martabali ofitserlardir midshipman. Midshipmenlar uchun o'qish dengizni to'liq tugatgandan so'ng navbatchilik xizmati majburiyatini olish evaziga to'liq moliyalashtiriladi. Taxminan 1200 ta "plebes" (Qadimgi Rim so'zining qisqartmasi) plebey ) har yozda qat'iy ravishda Akademiyaga kiring Plebe yozi. 1000 ga yaqin midshipmen bitiradi. Odatda bitiruvchilar foydalanishga topshirildi kabi gizalar dengiz flotida yoki ikkinchi leytenantlar dengiz piyodalari korpusida, ammo oz sonli AQShning boshqa xizmatlari va ittifoqdosh xalqlarning xizmatlari zobitlari sifatida o'zaro xizmatga o'tishlari mumkin. Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi boshlang'ich ish haqi bo'yicha mamlakatda eng ko'p maosh oladigan bitiruvchilarga ega.[5] Ilmiy dastur bakalavr darajasiga ega bo'lib, o'quv dasturiga binoan midshipmenlarning ishini keng akademik dastur, harbiy etakchilik va raqobatbardosh yengil atletikada majburiy ishtirok etish natijalarini baholaydi. Midshipmenlardan akademiyaga rioya qilish talab qilinadi Hurmat tushunchasi.

Rotunda Memorial Hall-ga olib boradigan qadamlar

Boshqa dengiz maktablari

Dengiz kuchlari Dengiz aspiranturasi maktabi va Dengiz urushi kolleji alohida-alohida. The Dengiz akademiyasi tayyorlov maktabi (NAPS), Nyu-Yorkda, Rod-Aylendda rasmiy hisoblanadi tayyorgarlik maktabi dengiz akademiyasi uchun. Dengiz akademiyasi fondi juda cheklangan miqdordagi abituriyentlar uchun akademiyaga kirishidan oldin bir yillik tayyorgarlik maktabida aspiranturadan keyingi o'rta maktabda ta'lim beradi. Qo'shma Shtatlar bo'ylab ushbu dasturni qabul qiladigan bir nechta tayyorlov maktablari va o'spirin kollejlari mavjud.[6][tushuntirish kerak ]

Tarix

1853 yilda AQSh dengiz akademiyasi
Stereoskopik ko'rinishlar midshipman kvartallari va tartibsizlik zali v. 1905 yil

Zobitlar uchun birinchi dengiz maktabi Commodore tomonidan yaratilgan Artur Sinkler 1819 yilda Norfolk dengiz kuchlari hovlisiga qo'mondonlik qilganda. Uning g'ayrati va qat'iyati tufayli fregat kemasida "Dengiz maktabi" ochildi Geryer 1821 yil 3-dekabrda kemaga biriktirilgan 40 dan 50 gacha midshipmenlar bilan. O'quv dasturi dengiz taktikasi, astronomiya, geografiya, frantsuz tili, tarix, ingliz tili grammatikasi va xalqaro aloqalar bilan diversifikatsiya qilingan. Maktab 1828 yilgacha ishlagan, qachongacha Geryer Tinch okeanida navbatchilik qilishni buyurdi.[7] Aynan o'sha kichik boshlanishdan Annapolisdagi AQSh dengiz akademiyasi o'sdi.[8]

Akademiya tarixini to'rt davrga bo'lish mumkin:[9] 1) asl Severn Fortidan foydalanish 1845–1861, 2) "Porter's Academy" 1865–1903, 3) "Flagg Akademiya "1903–1941, 4) zamonaviy davr 1941 - hozirgi kunga qadar.

Shaxsiyat

Akademiya Lotin shiori bu Ex Scientia Tridens, bu "Bilim orqali, dengiz kuchi" degan ma'noni anglatadi. Bu advokat, yozuvchi, muharrir, entsiklopedist va dengiz akademiyasining bitiruvchisi (1867) tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan dizaynda ko'rinadi, Park Benjamin, kichik U 1898 yilda boshqa bir bitiruvchi (shuningdek, 1867 yilda) va hamkasb Jakob V. Millerning sa'y-harakatlari tufayli Dengiz bo'limi tomonidan qabul qilingan. Benjamin shunday deydi:[10]

Dengiz akademiyasining muhri yoki gerbida o'z uchi uchun tridentni ushlaydigan qo'l bor, uning ostida qadimgi gallali harakatga kelayotgan qalqon bor, egilib, pastda ochiq kitob, ta'limni ko'rsatadigan va nihoyat, "Ex Scientia Tridens" (bilimdan, dengiz kuchi) shiori.

The trident, timsol ning Rim xudosi Neptun, dengiz kuchini anglatadi.[iqtibos kerak ]

Dastlabki yillar

Institut 1845 yil 10 oktyabrda Dengiz maktabi sifatida tashkil etilgan Dengiz kuchlari kotibi Jorj Bankroft. Talabalar shaharchasi tashkil etilgan Annapolis AQSh armiyasining sobiq posti asosida Fort Severn. Maktab 50 nafar mitingchi talaba va etti nafar professor bilan ochildi. Akademiyani quruqlikda tashkil etish to'g'risidagi qaror qisman natijasi bo'lishi mumkin Somers Affair, urush kotibining o'g'lini jalb qilgan va dengizda qatl etilishiga olib kelgan taxmin qilingan isyon. Commodore Metyu Perri dengiz dengizidagi ta'limga katta qiziqish bildirgan, yangi dengizchilarni tayyorlash bo'yicha o'quvchilar tizimini qo'llab-quvvatlagan va AQSh dengiz akademiyasi uchun o'quv dasturini yaratishda yordam bergan. Shuningdek, u dengiz flotini modernizatsiya qilishning ashaddiy tarafdori edi.

Dastlab besh yil davomida o'qish kursi belgilandi. Faqat birinchisi va oxirgisi maktabda o'tkazildi, qolgan uchtasi dengizda o'tdi. Hozirgi nom maktab 1850 yilda qayta tashkil etilib, Ornans va gidrografiya byurosi boshlig'i nazorati ostida bo'lganida qabul qilingan. Nazoratchining zudlik bilan zimmasiga olgan holda, o'qish muddati etti yilga uzaytirildi, dastlabki ikkitasi va oxirgi ikkitasi maktabda, qolgan uch yil esa dengizda. To'rt yillik o'qish 1851 yilda ketma-ket amalga oshirildi va dengizda uch yil ketma-ket kruizlar almashtirildi. Dengiz akademiyasi talabalarining birinchi sinfini 1854 yil 10 iyunda tugatdilar midshipmenlardan o'tdi 1912 yilgacha, bitiruvchilar birinchi marta zobit sifatida qasamyod qilgan paytgacha.[11]

1860 yilda Tripoli yodgorligi akademiya hududiga ko'chirildi. Keyinchalik o'sha yilning avgust oyida USS modeli Somers tajriba qachon tirildi USSKonstitutsiya 1857 yilda konvertatsiya va ta'mirdan boshlanganidan so'ng, 60 yoshga kirgan to'rtinchi sinf mitingchilar uchun maktab kemasi sifatida tayinlangan. U hovliga langar tashlangan va ularni zudlik bilan kema hayoti bilan tanishtirish uchun kema bortida yashagan. tajribalar.[12]

Amerika fuqarolar urushi

The Fuqarolar urushi dengiz akademiyasiga xalaqit bergan. Merilendda janubiy hamdardlik baland edi. Garchi tartibsizliklar boshlangan bo'lsa-da, Merilend ajralib chiqishni e'lon qilmadi. Qo'shma Shtatlar hukumati maktabni ko'chirishni rejalashtirgan edi, qachonki to'satdan jangovar harakatlar boshlanib ketishga majbur bo'lganda. Deyarli zudlik bilan uchta yuqori sinf ajralib, dengizga buyruq berildi va akademiyaning qolgan elementlari ko'chirildi Fort Adams yilda Nyu -порт, Rod-Aylend tomonidan USS Konstitutsiya 1861 yil aprelda akademiya vaqtinchalik binolarda tashkil etilgan va may oyida ochilgan.[13] Ayni paytda Annapolisdagi talabalar shaharchasi Qo'shma Shtatlar armiyasining kasalxonasiga aylantirildi.[14]

1860-yillarning oxirlarida AQSh harbiy-dengiz akademiyasi qirg'oqlari / USS kemalari bilan Konstitutsiya va Santi orqa fonda bog'langan. Boshqa kemalar aniqlanmagan.

The Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz kuchlari ushbu vaziyat tufayli uning zobitlarining 24% iste'foga chiqqani va tarkibiga qo'shilganligi sababli ta'kidlangan Konfederatsiya shtatlari dengiz kuchlari shu jumladan 95 nafar bitiruvchilar va 59 ta midshipmenlar,[15] USNA tashkil etilishiga ta'sir ko'rsatgan ko'plab asosiy rahbarlar bilan bir qatorda. Ning birinchi boshlig'i sifatida Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz rasadxonasi, Qo'mondon Metyu Fonteyn Mauri kim himoya qilgan[16] Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Dengiz akademiyasini yaratish uchun ham uning komissiyasini iste'foga chiqardi.

Birinchi boshliq, Admiral Franklin Byukenen birinchi va asosiy admiral sifatida Konfederatsiya shtatlari dengiz kuchlariga qo'shildi. Kapitan Sidni Smit Li, midshipmenlarning ikkinchi komendanti,[17] va Robert E.Lining akasi, 1861 yilda Konfederativ Shtatlar flotiga Federal xizmatni tark etdi. Leytenant Uilyam Xarvar Parker, 1848 yilgi CSN va USNA o'qituvchisi qo'shildi Virjiniya shtati dengiz kuchlari, keyin esa Konfederatsiya shtatlari dengiz akademiyasining boshlig'i bo'lishga o'tdi.

Leytenant Charlz "Savez" O'qish 1860 yilgi sinfda "langar odam" (oxirgi marta tugatgan) bo'lishi mumkin edi, ammo keyinchalik uning Konfederatsiya shtatlari dengiz flotidagi xizmatiga Yangi Orleanni himoya qilish, CSS-da xizmat ko'rsatish kiradi. Arkanzas va CSS Floridava AQShning daromadlar to'sarini egallash bilan yakunlangan bir qator qo'lga olingan Union kemalariga buyruq Xolib Kushing Portlendda (Meyn). Leytenant Jeyms Iredell Vaddell, CSN, AQSh dengiz akademiyasining sobiq o'qituvchisi CSS Shenandoah. Medshipmenlar va o'qituvchilar 1865 yil yozida urush tugaganidan keyin Annapolisga qaytib kelishdi.

Porter akademiyasi - Fuqarolar urushidan Ispaniya-Amerika urushigacha

Fuqarolar urushi qahramoni Admiral Devid Dikson Porter 1865 yilda nazoratchi bo'lib ishlagan. U Annapolisdagi infratuzilmani vayronagarchilik deb topdi, bu urush paytida noto'g'ri harbiy foydalanish natijasida. Porter moslamalarni tiklashga harakat qildi. U tinchlikdan farqli o'laroq dengiz zobitlarini jalb qilishga, falsafani o'zgartirishga e'tibor qaratdi. U o'qituvchilar Stiven B. Lyusni, bo'lajak admirallarni yolladi Uinfild Skott Shli, Jorj Devi va Uilyam T. Sampson. Midshipman batalyon to'rttadan iborat edi kompaniyalar. Bular bitta xonadondan bir qavatga qadar bo'lgan 100 ta xonani o'z ichiga olgan bitta yog'och binoda joylashgan. Ular yakshanba kunidan tashqari har kuni kechqurun kiyimlar paradlarini o'tkazdilar. Talabalar "kursantlar" deb nomlangan, garchi ba'zan "kursant midshipmenlar"; boshqa apellyatsiyalardan foydalanilgan. Porter uyushgan yengil atletika bilan shug'ullana boshladi, odatda o'sha paytda u erda.[18]

Antuan Jozef Korbesier Belgiyadan ko'chib kelgan va 1865 yil oktyabrda USNA-da Qilich ustasi lavozimiga tayinlangan. 1896-1914 yillarda kollejlararo musobaqada dengiz flotchilariga ustozlik qilgan. Kongressning maxsus aktiga binoan 1914 yil 4 martda Dengiz Korpusida 1-leytenantga tayinlangan. U 1915 yil 26-martda vafot etgan va kasalxonada dafn etilgan.

1867 yilda oilaviy binolarga yopiq sanitariya-tesisat va suv etkazib berildi. 1868 yilda boshcha dan USSDelaver, "Tecumseh" nomi bilan mashhur bo'lgan hovlida o'rnatildi. Sinf uzuklari birinchi marta 1869 yilda chiqarilgan. Haftalik raqslar bo'lib o'tdi. Wags maktabni "Porter's Dance Academy" deb atadi. Prezident AQSh granti 1869 yil sinfiga diplomlar tarqatdi.[18] Porter keyinchalik kasalxona punkti deb nom olgan Kollej Kriki bo'ylab 113 gektar maydonni (46 ga) sotib olishni nazorat qilish orqali kengaytirish uchun doimiy xona ta'minladi.

1871 yilda ranglar tanlovi va ranglar kompaniyasini tanlash bilan birga "rangli qiz" boshlandi.[18]

1870-yillarda harbiy byudjetni qisqartirish natijasida ancha kichik sinflar tugatildi. 1872 yilda 25 ta bitirgan. Ularning sakkiztasi dengiz flotini martaba qildi.[18] Uchinchi sinf to'rtinchi sinfni shunchalik shafqatsizlarcha xazinaga solib qo'ydiki, Kongress 1874 yilda antidinging qonunini qabul qildi. Hazing yanada yashirin shakllarda davom etdi.[18]

John H. Conyers Janubiy Karolina shtati 1872 yil 21 sentyabrda birinchi afroamerikalik qabul qilingan.[20] U kelganidan so'ng, u qattiq, doimiy ravishda hazing, jumladan og'zaki azob va kaltaklarga duchor bo'lgan. Hatto sinfdoshlari uni cho'ktirishga urinishgan.[21] Natijada uchta kursant ishdan bo'shatildi, ammo suiiste'mol, shu jumladan qo'rqinchli, yanada nozik shakllarda davom etdi va Konyerlar 1873 yil oktyabrda iste'foga chiqdilar.[22]

1875 yilda, Albert A. Michelson, 1873 yilgi sinf, o'qitishga qaytib keldi. U tajribalarini optikadan va yorug'lik fizikasidan boshladi, natijada yorug'lik tezligining birinchi aniq o'lchovi paydo bo'ldi.[23][tushuntirish kerak ][18]

1874 yilda akademiyada so'nggi ikki yilda dengiz mavzularini o'rganish uchun o'quv dasturi o'zgartirildi. 1878 yilda akademiya akademiklar uchun oltin medal bilan taqdirlandi Umumjahon ko'rgazma Parijda.[18]

Ushbu davrda ozchiliklar uchun ko'plab birinchi voqealar sodir bo'ldi. 1877 yilda Yaponiya fuqarosi Kiro Kunitomo akademiyani tugatdi.[24][25] Va keyin 1879 yilda, Robert F. Lopez akademiyani tugatgan birinchi ispan-amerikalik edi.

19-asrning oxirida Kongress akademiyadan har qanday harbiy akademiyaning Kongress talab qiladigan yagona kursi bo'lgan gigiena bo'yicha rasmiy kursni o'tashni talab qildi. An'anaga ko'ra, kongressmen kruizdan qaytgan midshipmenning paydo bo'lishidan juda nafratlangan.[iqtibos kerak ]

1890 yilda Dengiz kuchlari echki maskot armiya bilan birinchi futbol o'yinida g'alaba qozonganidan keyin.[11]

Flagg Academy - I Jahon Ispaniyasiga qarshi Amerika urushi

1894 yil bitiruvchi sinf

The Ispaniya-Amerika urushi 1898 yil akademiyaning ahamiyatini sezilarli darajada oshirdi va talabalar shaharchasi deyarli butunlay qayta tiklandi va 1899 va 1906 yillarda ancha kengaytirildi. Akademiyaning aksariyat qismi o'tirgan joy atrofdagi suv havzalaridan tozalangan va loydan iborat edi. Bu yangi tosh tosh binolar uchun juda nozik edi. Pilings 30 metrdan (120 metr) chuqurlikka 400 metrgacha cho'ktirildi. Ba'zi bir temir qopqoqli yog'och; zamonaviy po'latlar.[9] Bugungi talabalar shaharchasi o'sha davrga tegishli. 1905 yilda dengiz muhandisligi bo'limini o'z ichiga olgan Isherwood Hall qurildi.[26]

O'sha davrgacha har yili taxminan 43 erkak kirib kelgan. 1905 sinfga 114, 1908 sinf bilan 201 qo'shilishgan.[27]

1910 yilda Akademiya o'zining sut fermasini tashkil etdi. Bu 1998 yilda yopilgan.[28]

Aviatsiya maktabi

1911 yil 23-avgustda dengiz floti zobitlari parvoz vazifasini bajaradilar Hammondsport, Nyu-York va Deyton, Ogayo shtatiga Grinberi Poyntida tashkil etilgan "aviatsiya rivojlanishidagi benzinli dvigatellarni sinovdan o'tkazish va boshqa eksperimental ishlar bilan bog'liq holda" Dengiz akademiyasida muhandislik tajriba stantsiyasida xizmat qilish to'g'risida buyruq berildi. , Annapolis.[29] Greensbury Point-dagi "aerodrom" 1000 kvadrat metr erga o'tirar edi va uchta angarni (yangi sotib olingan samolyotlarning har biri uchun bittadan) o'z ichiga olgan rezina mustahkamlangan tomi bo'lgan bino, ustaxona, ofis va bir necha qavatli xonalardan iborat edi. Uchala samolyot ham jami 14000 dollarni tashkil qiladi. 1911 yil avgustgacha aviatsiya vazifasini o'tash uchun 100 dan ortiq ofitser murojaat qildi. Suzish uchuvchi nomzod aviatsiya vazifasiga qabul qilinishdan oldin o'tgan bo'lishi kerak bo'lgan boshqa malakalar qatoriga kirdi. Uchuvchilar malakasi Federatsiya Aeronautique Internationale (FAI) standartlariga muvofiq edi. Amerikaning Aero Club qo'mitasi huzurida uchuvchi nomzod bir-biridan 1500 fut narida ko'tarilgan ikkita bayroq atrofida beshta sakkizta raqamni uchib o'tishi va belgilangan belgidan 150 fut masofada tushishi kerak edi. Ushbu kursni ikki marta bajarish kerak edi. Sinov, shuningdek, bo'lajak aviatordan minimal balandligi 150 fut (rasmiy ravishda 50 metr) balandlikka ko'tarilishini talab qildi. Bu CAPT tomonidan taxmin qilingan Vashington Irving xonalari talaba bir oy ichida ob-havo sharoitida yangi uchuvchi sifatida qatnashishi mumkin. Barcha talabalar saqlagich kiyib yurishgan. Curtiss mashinalarining boshqaruv g'ildiragida boshqaruvni talaba va o'qituvchi o'rtasida istalgan vaqtda "tashlab yuborish" mumkin bo'lgan "siljish nazorati" mavjud edi. Rayt mashinasi 1911 yil avgustga qadar Grinberiga etkazib berildi, ammo u hali suv uzatmalari bilan sozlanmagan.[30] Dengiz kuchlari parvozlari bo'yicha mashg'ulotlar o'tkazildi Pensakola NAS, Florida, 1914 yil yanvarda.[31]

1912 yilda, Reina Mercedes, cho'kib ketgan Santyago-de-Kuba jangi, tarbiyalangan va akademiya uchun "brig" kemasi sifatida ishlatilgan.[32]

1912 yilga kelib, midshipmenlar a brigada, uning hozirgi tuzilishi.[33] Oldingi tashkilot a deb nomlangan polk.[34]

1914 yilda Midshipmen Drum and Bugle korpusi tashkil topdi va 1922 yilga kelib u ishlamay qoldi. Ular 1926 yilda qayta tiklandi.[35]

Jahon urushida brigada va fakultet uch baravar ko'paydi. Bancroft Hallning 3 va 4 qanotlari qurildi.[11]

1918 yilda 1918 yilgi katta gripp pandemiyasi brigadaning taxminan yarmini yuqtirgan (2000 kishidan 1000 nafari); o'nta midshipmen vafot etdi.[11]

Birinchi jahon urushi Ikkinchi jahon urushi

Avtomobil paydo bo'lishi va yaxshilangan yo'llar bilan Akademiya sayyohlik markaziga aylandi.[11]

1920 yilgi yozgi Olimpiya o'yinlarida Bryusselda eshkak eshish bo'yicha 8 yoshdan oshgan erkaklar o'rtasidagi musobaqada 8 yoshdan katta bo'lgan akademik eshkak eshish akademiyasi (Wonder Crew) oltin medalni qo'lga kiritdi. AQSh kollegial qayiqlari navbatdagi ettita Olimpiadada 8+ musobaqasida oltin medalni qo'lga kiritdi - bu har qanday millatning ma'lum bir sport turida ketma-ket oltin medallarni qo'lga kiritishi bo'yicha 2019 yildagi doimiy rekord.

Dengiz akademiyasining futbol jamoasi Vashington universiteti ichida Rose Bowl bog'lash 14-14. 1925 yilda ikkinchi darajali ring raqsi boshlandi. 1925 yilda Midshipmen Drum and Bugle Corps rasmiy ravishda qayta tiklandi.[35] 1926 yilda "To'q moviy va oltin "Organist va xormeyster J. V. Krosli tomonidan bastalangan, birinchi bo'lib jamoat oldida kuylangan. Buni kuylash an'anaga aylangan. alma mater qo'shig'i talabalar va bitiruvchilar yig'ilishlari oxirida, masalan, mitinglar va futbol o'yinlari va bitiruv kuni. 1926 yilda dengiz floti milliy kollegial futbol chempionati unvoniga sazovor bo'ldi. 1929 yil kuzida Dengiz kuchlari kotibi bitiruvchilar uchun raqobatlashishi uchun o'z roziligini berdi Rodos stipendiyalari. O'sha yili ushbu sharaf uchun oltita bitiruvchi tanlab olindi. The Amerika universitetlari assotsiatsiyasi 1930 yil 30 oktyabrda Dengiz akademiyasining o'quv dasturi akkreditatsiyadan o'tgan.

1930 yilda 1891-sinf sinfdoshlar shaharchasida ko'zga ko'ringan bo'lib, eskirgan yog'och boshcha o'rnini bosuvchi Tekumsehning bronza nusxasini taqdim etdi.[18]

Prezident Franklin D. Ruzvelt qonun bilan imzolangan Kongress akti (Xalq huquqi 73-21, 48-modda 73) 1933 yil 25-mayda dengiz, harbiy va qirg'oq xavfsizligi akademiyalari uchun ilmiy bakalavr darajasini beradi. To'rt yil o'tgach, Kongress rahbarga barcha tirik bitiruvchilarga fan bakalavri darajasini berish huquqini berdi. 1941 yilda Ikkinchi Jahon urushi oldidan zaxira ofitserlari tayyorlash qayta tiklandi.

AQSh dengiz akademiyasi 1937 yilda chiqarilgan, dengiz markazida muhr bosilgan, o'tmishdagi (chapda) va hozirgi forma kiygan ikki mitingchi tasvirlangan, esdalik shtampi bilan AQSh pochta aloqasi bo'limi tomonidan taqdirlandi.[36]

1939 yilda, birinchi Hovli patrul kemasi keldi. Ushbu vositalar kema boshqaruviga midshipmenlarni o'rgatish uchun ishlatilgan.[37]

1940 yilda akademiya foydalanishni to'xtatdi Reina Mercedes midshipmenlarni tarbiyalash uchun brig sifatida va ularni o'rniga Bancroft Hall bilan cheklashdi.[32]

1941 yil aprelda bosh boshqaruvchi kontr-admiral Rassel Uillson maktabnikiga ruxsat berishdan bosh tortdi lakros jamoa mehmonlar jamoasini o'ynash dan Garvard universiteti chunki Garvard jamoasida afroamerikalik futbolchi bor edi. Garvardning sport direktori futbolchini uyga buyurdi va o'yin belgilangan vaqtga ko'ra 4 aprel kuni bo'lib o'tdi va dengiz kuchlari 12: 0 hisobida g'alaba qozondi.[38]

1941 yilda Bancroft Hallning 5 va 6 qanotlari qurib bitkazildi.[11] Sport maydonchasini yaratish uchun kasalxonadan tashqariga chiqindixona tashlandi. Dengiz samolyotlari uchun maydon yaratish uchun Severnning shimoliy tomonida to'ldirilgan.[39]

Ikkinchi Jahon urushi davrida jami 3319 nafar bitiruvchilar foydalanishga topshirildi. Doktor Kris Lambertsen birinchi bo'lib o'tkazildi yopiq elektronli kislorod Qo'shma Shtatlarda SCUBA kursi Strategik xizmatlar idorasi 1943 yil 17 mayda akademiyadagi dengiz bo'limi.[40][41] 1945 yilda Aviatsiya bo'limi tashkil etildi. O'sha yili vitse-admiral, Obri V. Fitch, nazoratchi bo'ldi. Dengiz akademiyasi o'zining yuz yilligini nishonladi. O'zining mavjud bo'lgan asrida taxminan 18.563 mshipmen bitirgan, shu jumladan 1946 yilgi sinf.[42]

Akademiya 1947 yilda akkreditatsiyadan o'tgan O'rta Shtatlarning oliy ta'lim bo'yicha komissiyasi.

Zamonaviy davr: Ikkinchi jahon urushi hozirgi kunga qadar

Akademiya va uning yordamchi binolari 1941 yildan 1962 yilgacha Severn daryosi dengiz qo'mondonligi tarkibiga kirdi.[43]

Urush yillarida midshipmenlarga tezlashtirilgan kurs berildi, bu urush paytida kirib kelgan va keyinchalik uni tugatgan sinflarga ta'sir ko'rsatdi. Talabalar yil davomida o'qidilar. Bu, eng muhimi, 1948 yil sinfiga ta'sir ko'rsatdi. Birgina marotaba sinf o'quvchilarning mavqei bo'yicha bo'lindi. 1948A 1947 yil iyun oyida bitirgan; bir yil o'tib, 1948B deb nomlangan qoldiq.[44]

1946 yildan 1961 yilgacha, N3N akademiyada amfibiya biplanlari ishlatilib, midshipmenlarni uchish bilan tanishtirishgan.[45]

1949 yil 3-iyunda, Uesli A. Braun, akademiyaga kirgan oltinchi afroamerikalik,[21] birinchi bo'lib bitirgan, keyin bir necha yil o'tgach Lourens xonalari, bayroqni egallagan birinchi afroamerikalik bitiruvchiga aylandi.[46]

1950-yilgi floti qilichbozlik jamoasi NCAA milliy chempionatida g'olib chiqdi.

Sakkiz kishilik eshkak eshish ekipaji g'olib bo'ldi Oltin medal da 1952 yil yozgi Olimpiya o'yinlari Finlyandiyaning Xelsinki shahrida. Shuningdek, ular milliy kollejlararo chempionlar nomiga sazovor bo'lishdi.[47] 1955 yilda moylash an'anasi Xerndon yodgorligi plebes ko'tarilish uchun o'zlarining plebe "dixie cup" (shapka) ni midshipman qopqog'iga almashtirish uchun boshladilar.

1957 yilda aravachalangan o'quv kemasi Reina Mercedes, bo'ron tomonidan vayron bo'lgan, vayron qilingan.[32]

1959 qilichbozlik jamoasi NCAA milliy chempionatida g'olib chiqdi va birinchi bo'lib uchta qurolda (folga, epi va qirqish) birinchi o'rinni egalladi. Uchala qilichbozlarning barchasi tanlangan 1960 yilgi Olimpiada jamoa, bosh murabbiy Andre Deladrier kabi. The Dengiz-dengiz piyoda korpusining yodgorlik stadioni, xayriya mablag'lari bilan moliyalashtirilib, 1959 yil 26 sentyabrga bag'ishlangan.

Djo Bellino (1961 yildagi sinf) mukofotga sazovor bo'ldi Heisman Trophy 1960 yil 22 iyunda. 1961 yilda Dengiz akademiyasining tashqi aloqalar konferentsiyasi boshlandi. The AQSh Ichki ishlar vazirligi AQSh dengiz akademiyasining yotoqxonasini a Milliy tarixiy yo'nalish 1961 yil 21 avgustda.

1962 yilda qilichbozlik jamoasi NCAA milliy chempionatida g'olib chiqdi.

1963 yilda, Rojer Staubax, 1965 yilgi sinf Heisman Trophy mukofotiga sazovor bo'ldi.

1963 yilda akademiya 4.0 ga asoslangan markalash tizimidan harflar darajasiga o'tdi. Midshipmenlar haykalga murojaat qilishni boshladilar Tekumseh "2.5 xudosi" o'rniga "2.0 xudosi" sifatida, avvalgi muvaffaqiyatsiz belgisi.[48]

Akademiya Trident Scholar Program dasturini 1963 yilda boshlagan. 3 yoshdan 16 yoshgacha bo'lgan yoshlar so'nggi kursda mustaqil o'qish uchun tanlanadi.[49]

Professor Semyuel Massi 1966 yilda birinchi afro-amerikalik professor-o'qituvchiga aylandi. 1969 yil 4-iyun kuni 1969 yil sinfining malakali bitiruvchilariga birinchi belgilangan muhandislik darajalari berildi.[47] 1968 yildan 1972 yilgacha akademiya muhandislikdan tashqariga chiqib, 20 dan ortiq yo'nalishlarni o'z ichiga olgan. 1845 yildan 1968 yilgacha midshipmenlar bir xil kurslarni o'qidilar, chet tilini tanlash bundan mustasno. 1970 yilda "Jeyms Forrestal Ma'ruza "birinchi bo'lib nomlandi AQSh mudofaa vaziri 1947/1949 yillarda. Buning natijasida turli davlat rahbarlari, masalan AQSh davlat kotibi, Genri Kissincer, futbol bo'yicha murabbiy Dik Vermeil va Oliy sud adolat Antonin Skaliya va boshqalar.[50]

1972 yilda, Leytenant komandir Jorjiya Klark birinchi ayol ofitser o'qituvchisi bo'ldi va doktor Rae Jan Gudman birinchi tinch ayol sifatida fakultetga tayinlandi. Keyinchalik, 1972 yilda Kolumbiya okrugi bo'yicha AQSh apellyatsiya sudi cherkovga majburiy tashrifni bekor qildi, bu an'ana 1853 yildan beri amal qilib kelmoqda.[51] 1973 yil sentyabr oyida yangi keng kutubxona majmuasi qurib bitkazildi Filo Admiral Chester V. Nimits, 1905 yil.

1975 yil 8 avgustda Kongress ayollarga xizmat ko'rsatish akademiyalariga borishga ruxsat berdi. 1980-yilgi sinf 81 ta ayol midshipmen bilan ishtirok etdi. 1980 yilda akademiya tarkibiga "Ispancha / Latino "demografik maqsadlar uchun irqiy toifaga aylandi; 1981 yilgi sinfda to'rt ayol o'zlarini ispan deb tan oldilar va bu ayollar akademiyani tugatgan birinchi ispan ayollari bo'lishdi: Karmel Gilliland (eng yuqori sinf darajasiga ega bo'lgan), Liliya Ramires (unvon bilan nafaqaga chiqqan qo'mondon ), Ina Mari Gomes va Trinora Pinto.[52] 1979 yilda an'anaviy "iyun haftaligi" "foydalanishga topshirish haftasi" deb o'zgartirildi, chunki bitiruv avvalroq mayga ko'chirilgan edi.[47]

1980 yil may oyida Elizabeth Anne Belzer (keyinchalik Rou) birinchi ayol bitiruvchisi bo'ldi. Janie L. Mines birinchi USN.A. Afro-amerikalik ayol bitirgan.[53] 1984 yil 23-may kuni Kristin Xolderi sinf boshida bitirgan birinchi ayol bo'ldi. Bundan tashqari, 1984-yilgi sinf tarkibiga AQSh harbiy-dengiz kuchlari tarkibida komissiyalarni tanlab oladigan birinchi tabiiy-koreys-amerikalik bitiruvchilar kiritilgan. To'rt koreys-amerikalik praporjistlar Uolter Li, Tomas Kimn, Endryu Kim va Se-Xun Oh edi.

1982 yilda Isherwood, Griffin va Melville Halllar buzib tashlandi.[28]

1987 yil 30-iyul kuni Hisoblash fanlari akkreditatsiya kengashi (CSAB) Kompyuter fanlari dasturi uchun akkreditatsiya oldi.[47] 1991 yilda Midshipman Juliane Gallina, 1992 yil, birinchi ayol brigada komandiri bo'ldi. 1994 yil 29 yanvarda birinchi jinssiz xizmat tayinlandi. Maxsus jangovar harakatlar va suvosti kemalari bundan mustasno, barcha ignabargli qog'ozlar erkaklar va ayollar uchun teng ravishda ochilgan.

Dengiz akademiyasi Midshipmenlari bitiruvdan keyin nishonlaydilar.

1995 yil 12 martda komandir leytenant Vendi B. Lourens, 1981 yilgi sinf, Endeavor kosmik kemasida missiya bo'yicha mutaxassis bo'ldi. U kosmosga uchgan birinchi ayol USNA bitiruvchisi.

Annapolisdagi AQSh dengiz akademiyasining 150 yilligini nishonlash uchun (1845-1995), AQSh pochta xizmati esdalik pochta markasini chop etdi; nashrning birinchi kuni 1995 yil 10 oktyabr edi.

Ozodlik 7, 1961 yilda Amerikaning sub-orbitaga tushirilgan birinchi kosmik kapsulasi, 1998 yil 23 sentyabrda "Kosmosdagi sinflar" ko'rgazmasining markaziy qismi sifatida mehmonlar markazida namoyish etildi. Marhum Kont-Admiral Alan Shepard, 1945 yil sinf, 1961 yil 5 mayda Merkuriy dasturining "Ozodlik 7" kapsulasini kosmosga 116,5 milya (187,5 km) uchirdi. Uning tarixiy parvozi Amerikaning birinchi qadamidir kosmik poyga.[47]

2001 yil 11 sentyabrda akademiya teraktlarda 14 nafar bitiruvchisini yo'qotdi Jahon savdo markazi yilda Nyu-York shahri va Pentagon yilda Arlington, Virjiniya. Akademiya va uning chegaralari misli ko'rilmagan yuqori xavfsizlik ostida joylashtirildi.[47]

2007 yil avgustda bosh vazir vitse-admiral Jeffri Fauler akademiyani erkinlikni cheklash siyosatini o'zgartirdi va "biz urushayotgan millatmiz" deb ta'kidlash uchun ko'proq otryadlarning o'zaro ta'sirini talab qildi.[54]

2007 yil 3-noyabrda dengiz floti jamoasi azaliy raqibini mag'lub etdi Notre Dame 43 yil ichida birinchi marta: 46-44 marta uch marta qo'shimcha vaqt. Ikki jamoa 1926 yildan buyon har yili uchrashib kelmoqda va o'zaro to'qnashuvni davom ettirmoqda, chunki Notre Dame dengiz zobitlarini tayyorlash uchun o'z binolarini ochishga ixtiyoriy ravishda kelganida. Ikkinchi jahon urushi.[55] Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida 250 ga yaqin talaba o'qishga kirganidan so'ng, Dengiz kuchlari Notre Dame Universitetini saqlab qolishgan. Dengiz kuchlari 12000 kishini zobitlar tayyorlashga o'rgatdi.[56]

2007 yil noyabr oyida Xotira zali 50 kishiga mo'ljallangan joy edi Annapolis konferentsiyasi Falastin-Isroil tinchlik jarayoni muhokamasi to'g'risida.

Rank tarkibi

Talabalar jamoasi Midshipmen brigadasi deb nomlanadi. AQSh dengiz akademiyasida o'qiyotgan talabalar darajaga tayinlangan midshipman va shu darajadagi faol navbatchilikda xizmat qilish. "Dengiz akademiyasi midshipmenlari saf zobitlari deb tasniflanadi, ammo faqat malakali ma'noda ofitserlardir. Ular bosh ofitserlardan bir oz pastroqda."[57][58]

Qonuniy ravishda, midshipmenlar - bu eng yuqori darajadagi (E-9) darajadan yuqori va eng past darajadan past bo'lgan ofitserning maxsus darajasi. bosh order xodimi (W-2) Dengiz kuchlari va Sohil Xavfsizlik xizmatida (Dengiz kuchlari va qirg'oq qo'riqchilari 1975 yilda ordinator ofitseri, WO-1 martabasini bekor qilishdi). Bundan tashqari, midshipmenlar dengiz piyodalari korpusidagi zobit ofitserdan (W-1) pastda[59] va armiya,[60] va havo kuchlari tarkibidagi ikkinchi leytenant (O-1) dan pastda (havo kuchlari 1959 yilda order xodimlarini tayinlashni to'xtatgan va oxirgi USAF WO 2008 yilda vafot etgan).[61]

Midshipmenlar quyidagicha tasniflanmaydi birinchi kurs talabalari, ikkinchi kurs talabalari, o'spirinlar va qariyalar, lekin navbati bilan to'rtinchi sinf, uchinchi sinf, ikkinchi sinf va birinchi sinf sifatida.

Rank tarkibi

Kirish sinfining a'zosi - to'rtinchi sinf, eng past darajadagi vositachilar - "plebe" (ko'plik) deb ham nomlanadi. plebes). Akademiyada birinchi yil fuqarolikdan harbiy ofitserga aylanish davri bo'lganligi sababli, ayblovlar o'zlarining qariyalariga - midshipmenlarning yuqori uchta sinfiga joylashtirilmagan bir qator qoidalar va qoidalarga mos kelishi va yo'qolib ketadigan qo'shimcha vazifalar va majburiyatlarga ega bo'lishi kerak. midshipman uchinchi sinfga ko'tarilgandan so'ng.

Uchinchi sinf mitingchilari brigada tarkibiga singib ketgan va ular yuqori sinfdoshlari bo'lgani uchun ko'proq hurmat bilan qarashadi. Odatda ularni "yoshlar" deb atashadi. Yangi o'sishi va martabasi tufayli yoshlar televizor tomosha qilish, musiqa tinglash, film tomosha qilish va uyqusirash kabi imtiyozlarga ega.

Ikkinchi toifadagi midshipmenlarga mashg'ulotlarda ayblovlar qo'yilgan. Ular to'g'ridan-to'g'ri birinchi sinfga hisobot berishadi va o'z vazifalarini bajarish uchun zarur bo'lganda buyruqlar chiqaradilar. Ikkinchi toifadagi midshipmenlarga o'z mashinalarini haydashga ruxsat beriladi (lekin ularni shaharchada to'xtatib qo'ymasligi mumkin) va Hovliga (shaharchaga) fuqarolik kiyimi bilan kirishi yoki chiqishiga ruxsat beriladi (faqat dam olish kunlari).

Birinchi sinf mitingchilar brigadada ko'proq erkinlik va erkinlikka ega. Ular majburiy sport va harbiy tadbirlarda qatnashishlari va akademik me'yorlarni saqlab turishlari kerak bo'lsa-da, ular Brigada rahbariyati zimmasiga yuklatilgan. Ular odatda "birinchi odamlar" deb nomlanadi. Dastlabki avtoulovlarga talabalar shaharchasida to'xtashlari va boshqa sinflarga qaraganda ko'proq ta'til va erkinlik imtiyozlariga ega bo'lishlari mumkin.[62]

Brigada uchta polkga bo'lingan batalyonlar har biri. Har bir batalonni beshta rota tashkil etadi, jami 30 ta rota. Midshipman qo'mondonlik tuzilmasini eng yaxshi etakchilik ko'rsatkichlari uchun tanlangan brigada komandiri deb nomlanuvchi birinchi darajali midshipman boshqaradi. U brigadaning kundalik faoliyati bilan bir qatorda midshipmenlarning kasbiy tayyorgarligi uchun ham javobgardir. Barcha brigada ishlarini nazorat qilish - bu midshipmenlarning komendanti, faol vazifadir Dengiz kapitani yoki Dengiz kuchlari polkovnigi. Komendant uchun ishlaydigan, dengiz floti va dengiz piyodalari korpusining tajribali zobitlari kompaniya va batalyon zobitlari sifatida tayinlangan.[63]

Forma

Akademiyadagi midshipmenlar AQSh harbiy-dengiz kuchlari zobitlariga o'xshash xizmat kiyimlarini kiyib, elkama-elka va / yoki yeng nishonlari bilan o'quv yili yoki midshipman ofitser darajasiga qarab o'zgarib turishadi. Hammasi xizmat ko'ylagi ko'k ko'ylagi bo'yinbog'ining ikkala yoqasida oltin langar belgisini kiyadi. Yozgi oq rangda kiyilgan elkama-elka taxtalari, xizmatdagi oq / oq va kechki ovqat liboslari hamda xizmatning oq, tugmachali ko'ylakidagi "yumshoq elkama taxtasi" versiyasi / oltindan yasalgan ko'ylak formasi va bitta gorizontal chiziqli va midshipman ofitserlari (shuningdek, birinchi darajali) bo'lgan midshipman birinchi sinfidan tashqari, yelka taxtalarida langar o'rnida kichik oltin yulduzcha bo'lgan va 1 dan 6 gacha gorizontal chiziqlarga ega bo'lgan yilni bildiruvchi bir qator qiya chiziqlar. ularning pozitsiyasi.

Qish va yozda ishlaydigan forma ko'ylakda, a birinchi kurs talabasi (Midshipman To'rtinchi sinf yoki "plebe") bo'yinbog 'nishonlarini kiymaydi, a ikkinchi kurs (Midshipman Uchinchi Sinf yoki "Youngster") o'ng yoqa nuqtasida bitta qoidabuzar langarni kiyadi, Junior (Midshipman Ikkinchi Sinf) har bir yoqada nosozlikli langarni, katta (Midshipman Birinchi Sinf yoki "Firstie") bilan qoidabuzar langarni kiyadi. o'tirgan burgutlar. Ofitser plakatlaridagi birinchi darajali midshipmenlar ushbu moslamalarni o'zlarining tegishli midshipman ofitserlarining yoqasi nishonlari bilan almashtiradilar.

Midshipman zobitlarining bo'yinbog 'belgilari - bu Midshipman darajasidan boshlab bir qator oltin zarbalar Hizmatkor (bitta novda yoki chiziq) Midshipmanga Kapitan (oltita bar yoki chiziq) AQSh dengiz akademiyasida Midshipmen brigadasida.

Mavsumga qarab, midshipmenlar yozgi oqlar yoki xizmat ko'ylaklari ko'klarini kiyinish formasi, ishchi ko'klarni esa kundalik sinf formasi sifatida kiyishadi. 2008 yilda birinchi sinf mshipmenlari xizmat xaki-ni kundalik forma sifatida kiyishdi, ammo 2011 yildagi sinf tugagandan so'ng bu variant bekor qilindi. Birinchi darajali midshipmenlar xizmat tanlovi formasini "Warrior" chorshanba kunining ikkinchi semestrida kiyishlari mumkin (ya'ni dengiz kuchlari) aviator va dengiz parvozi ofitseri tanlanganlar parvoz kostyumlarini kiyadilar; dengiz osti va quruqlikdagi urush qatnashchilari kombinezon kiyadilar yoki Dengiz kuchlarining ishchi formasi ularning yangi buyruq koptoklari bilan; Dengiz kuchlari korpusi tanlanganlar kiyishadi MARPAT kamuflyaj dasturlari). Guruch tugmachalari va baland bo'yinbog'i, ko'k yoki oq baland bo'yli shimlar (Bitiruv haftaligida oq rang) va kumush NA tokali vazifa kamaridan iborat to'q ko'k rangli ko'krak ko'ylagi va noyob kamzul bahor va rasmiy paradlarda kiyiladi. kuzgi parad mavsumlari.

Ishga tushirish haftasida (ilgari "iyun haftasi" deb nomlangan), forma yozgi oq tanlilarga tegishli.

Talabalar shaharchasi

AQSh dengiz akademiyasining talabalar shaharchasi
Plebes (birinchi kurs talabalari) Bancroft Hall oldida yurish
Dengiz akademiyasi cherkovining ichki qismi
Lejune zalidagi basseyn

Talabalar shaharchasi (yoki "Hovli") 40,000 kvadrat metrdan (9,9 akr) qo'shin postidan kattalashgan Fort Severn 21-asrda 1845 yilda 1,37 kvadrat kilometr (340 akr) yoki 1 375 640 kvadrat metr (339,93 akr) maydonga. Taqqoslash uchun Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari havo kuchlari akademiyasi 73 kvadrat kilometr (18000 akr) va Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari harbiy akademiyasi 65 kvadrat kilometrni (16000 akr) tashkil etadi.

Zallar va asosiy binolar

  • Bancroft zali dengiz akademiyasining eng katta binosi va dunyodagi eng katta kollej yotoqxonasidir.[64] Bu erda barcha midshipmenlar joylashgan. Jamoat uchun ochiq bo'lgan Memorial Hall, harbiy harakatlar paytida vafot etgan bitiruvchilarga bag'ishlangan yodgorlik va Rotunda, Bancroft Hall-ga kirish marosimi. The Bosh qo'mondonning sovrini Rotunda yashaydi, dengiz floti esa unga ega.[65][66] Bu akademiya asoschisi, dengiz flotining kotibi deb nomlangan Jorj Bankroft va tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan Ernest Flagg.
  • The Dengiz akademiyasi cherkovi, Xerndon yodgorligi qarshisidagi kampus markazida Annapolis bo'ylab ko'rinadigan baland gumbaz bor.[67] Ernest Flagg tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan. Chapel 1995 yilda akademiyaning 150 yilligiga bag'ishlangan AQSh pochta xizmati pochta markasida namoyish etilgan.[68] Jon Pol Jons cherkov ostidagi makonda yotadi. An'anaga ko'ra, agar plebe ibodatxonaning ustiga midshipman qopqog'ini (shapka) qo'ysa, to'rtinchi sinf midshipmenlari uchun yil tugaydi. This tradition, however, is considered dangerous and is discouraged by the Academy.[69]
  • Commodore Uriah P. Levy markazi va yahudiy cherkovi,[70] primarily funded with private donations, was dedicated on 23 September 2005. The chapel was named for Commodore Uriya P. Levi and houses a Jewish chapel, the honor board, ethics,[tushuntirish kerak ] character learning center, officer development spaces, a social director, and academic boards. Built featuring Quddus toshi, the architecture of the exterior is consistent with nearby Bancroft Hall.
  • Bitiruvchilar zali is the primary assembly hall for the Brigade of Midshipmen and has two dining facilities. It hosts various sporting events (including the men's and women's intercollegiate basketball games) and is used by alumni for reunions. The Bob Hope Performing Arts Center is located there.
  • archives – see Nimitz Library (below)
  • Armel-Leftwich Visitor Center—inside Gate 1 and attached to the Xalsi Field House —houses the USNA Guide Service, the USNA Gift Shop, a 12-minute film, and various exhibits, including the Graduates in Space exhibit, a sample midshipman's room, a model of the USS Merilend (BB-46), and an exhibit on the life and times of John Paul Jones, who is buried in the crypt beneath the Dengiz akademiyasi cherkovi. Walking tours include five types of adult tours and two types of student tours.[71]
  • Athletic Hall of Fame – see Lejeune Hall (quyida)
  • Chauvenet Hall, housing the departments of matematika, fizika va okeanografiya, nomi berilgan Uilyam Chauvenet, an early professor at the US Naval Academy.
  • Dahlgren Hall contains a large multi-purpose room and a restaurant area. It was once used as an armory for the Academy, for drill purposes, and contained the Ordnance and Gunnery Department and classrooms. Bu nomlangan Jon A. Dahlgren.
  • The Dyer Tennis Clubhouse is used by the tennis team and contains locker rooms, offices, a racquet stringing room, a lounge, and a viewing deck overlooking the tennis courts. It was named for Vice Admiral George Dyer (Class of 1919).[72][73]
  • Xalsi Field House contains an indoor track, squash and tennis courts, five basketball courts, a 65 tatami dojo uchun Aykido /Dzyudo, a climbing wall, and assorted athletic and workout facilities and offices.[74] Before construction of Alumni Hall, it was used by Navy basketball teams and was the site of midshipman assemblies. Bu nomlangan Uilyam F. Xalsi, kichik
  • Xabbar Xoll – used by the crew team – is a three-story building on Dorsey Creek, 250 yards (230 m) from the Severn River.[72] Shuningdek, Qayiq uyi, it was renovated in 1993 and now includes the Fisher Rowing Center. It was named for Rear Admiral Jon Xabard (Class of 1870).[72][75]
  • King Hall is the dining hall that seats the Brigade of Midshipmen together at one time. Bu nomlangan Ernest J. King. Daily fare ranges from eggs, to sandwiches, to prime rib and the annual crab feast.
  • Larson Hall- the administration building "Larson Hall" is named in honor of Adm. Charlz R. Larson, Naval Academy Class of 1958, who died 26 July 2014. The building was built in 1907, renovated in 2014, and serves as the headquarters of the Naval Academy superintendent and immediate staff.
  • Lejeune Hall, built in 1982, contains an Olympic-class swimming pool and diving tower, a mat room for wrestling and hand-to-hand martial arts, and the Sportning shon-sharaf zali. Nomlangan Jon A. Lejeun, it is the first USNA building to be named for a Marine Corps officer.[76][77]
  • Library – see Nimitz Library (below)
  • Luce Hall, housing the departments of Professional Development and Leadership, Ethics, and Law, was named for Stiven Lyu.
  • MacDonough Hall contains a full-scale gymnastics area, two boxing rings, and alternate swimming pools. Bu nomlangan Tomas MacDonough.
  • Mahan Hall contains a theater along with the old library in the Hart Room, which has now been converted into a lounge and meeting room. Bu nomlangan Alfred Tayer Mahan. Designed by Ernest Flagg.
  • Maury Hall contains the departments of Weapons and Tizim muhandisligi ortiqcha Elektrotexnika. Bu nomlangan Metyu Fonteyn Mauri. Designed by Ernest Flagg.
  • Michelson Hall, housing the departments of Kompyuter fanlari va Kimyo, nomi berilgan Albert A. Michelson, the first American to win the Fizika bo'yicha Nobel mukofoti.
  • museum – see Preble Hall (below)
  • The Nimitz Library contains the academy's library collection, the academy's archives (Uilyam V. Jeffriusning yodgorlik arxivi ), and the departments of Language Studies, Economics and Siyosatshunoslik. Bu nomlangan Chester V. Nimits.
  • The Officers' and Faculty Club and officers quarters spread around the Yard.
  • Preble Hall houses the AQSh dengiz akademiyasi muzeyi.[78] Bu nomlangan Edvard Preble. It maintains a collection of Naval Academy class rings from 1869 through to the present. Tradition dictates that the first deceased class member's ring is donated to the museum to represent that class in the official class ring display.
  • Ricketts Hall contains the basketball, football, and lacrosse offices, the locker room for the varsity football team, and one of the academy's three "strength and conditioning facilities," where Midshipman athletes train.[72] Bu nomlangan Klod V. Rikkets.
  • Rickover Hall houses the departments of Elektrotexnika, Kompyuter muhandisligi, Mashinasozlik, Dengiz me'morchiligi va Okean muhandisligi, Aeronautical and Aerokosmik muhandisligi. Bu nomlangan Hyman G. Rikover.
  • The Robert Crown Sailing Center contains offices, team classrooms, locker rooms, and equipment repair and storage facilities. Shuningdek, u erda ICSA kollejining yelkanli shon-sharaf zali. Shuningdek, Zalda Dengiz akademiyasining yelkanli sovrinlari va mukofotlari namoyish etilgan.[79]
  • Sampson Hall, housing the departments of English and History, was named for Uilyam T. Sampson. Designed by Ernest Flagg.
  • visitor center – see Armel-Leftwich Visitor Center (above)
  • Uesli Braun Field House houses physical education, varsity sports, intramural athletics, club sports, and personal-fitness programs and equipment. The cross country and track and field teams, the sprint football team, the ayollar lakrosi team, and sixteen club sports all use this building. It has a full-length, retractable football field. When the field is retracted, you can then use the 200-meter track (with hydraulically controlled banked curves) and three permanent basketball courts. It also has eight locker rooms and a medical facility. Bu nomlangan Wesley A. Brown, Class of 1949, who was the Academy's first African American graduate.

Yodgorliklar va yodgorliklar

  • Gokoku-ji Bell. A copy of the original bell which was brought back to the United States in 1855 by Commodore Metyu Perri unga ergashish missiya Yaponiyaga. The bell is placed in front of Bancroft zali and rung in a semi-annual ceremony for each victory that Navy has registered over Army, to include one of the nation's oldest football rivalries, the Armiya-dengiz kuchlari o'yini. The current bell is an exact replica of the original, which the United States Navy returned to the people of Okinawa in 1987.[80]
  • Tecumseh Statue. This statue is a bronze replica of the figurehead of ship-of-the-line USSDelaver. It was presented to the Academy by the Class of 1891. This bust, one of the most famous relics on the campus, is commonly known as Tekumseh. However, when it adorned the American man-of-war, it commemorated not Tecumseh but Tamanend, the revered Delaware chief who welcomed William Penn to America. The original wooden figurehead is in the Naval Academy fieldhouse. In times past, the bronze replica was considered a good-luck "mascot" for the midshipmen, who threw pennies at it and offered left-handed salutes whenever they wanted a 'favor', such as a sports win over West Point, spiritual help for examinations. It is also referred to as the god of 2.0 because 2.0 is the minimum passing GPA at USNA, and the mids offer pennies to Tecumseh to help achieve this. Today it is used as a morale booster during football weeks and on special occasions when Tecumseh is painted in themes to include super heroes, action heroes, humorous figures, a leprechaun (before Saint Patrick's Day) and a naval officer (during Commissioning Week).
  • Battle ensigns. Famous flags of the U.S. Navy and captured flags from enemy ships are displayed throughout the academy. The most famous, perhaps, is the "Don't Give Up the Ship" flag flown by Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry da Eri ko'li jangi on 10 September 1813; it bears the dying words of Captain Jeyms Lourens, kapitani USS Chesapeake. It was displayed in Memorial Hall, which is in the portion of Bancroft zali open to the general public until 2004. It underwent conservation and is now on display in the Museum in Preble Hall. The only British royal standard taken by capture[iqtibos kerak ] was displayed in Mahan Hall. It was taken at Toronto (then York ) in the War of 1812.
  • Xerndon yodgorligi. The Monument was commissioned by the Officers of the U.S. Navy as a tribute to Commander Uilyam Lyuis Xerndon (1813–1857) after his loss in the Pacific Mail Steamer Markaziy Amerika during a hurricane off the North Carolina coast on 12 September 1857. Herndon had followed a longtime custom of the sea[iqtibos kerak ] that a ship's captain is the last person to depart his ship in peril. It was erected in its current location on 16 June 1860 and has never been moved, even though the Academy was completely rebuilt between 1899 and 1908.
  • Memorial Hall – in Bancroft zali – is a midshipman-kept memorial to graduates who died during military operations. It includes an honor roll, scrolls, and plaques.
  • Pearl Harbor memorial. Da Bitiruvchilar zali, a wall is reserved by the Pearl Harbor omon qolganlar uyushmasi to commemorate those who were killed during the attack on Pearl Harbor.
  • Tripoli yodgorligi – the oldest military monument in the U.S., honors the US servicemen of the Birinchi barbar urushi: Master Commandant Richard Somers, Lieutenant James Caldwell, James Decatur (brother of Stiven Dekatur ), John Dorsey, Jozef Isroil, and Henry Wadsworth. Dastlab Naval Monument, it was carved of Carrara marmar in Italy in 1806 and brought to the U.S. as balast bortda USSKonstitutsiya ("Old Ironsides"). From its original location in the Vashington dengiz kuchlari hovlisi, it was moved to the west terrace of the national Capitol and finally, in 1860, to the Naval Academy.[81]
  • USS Samuel B. Roberts memorial. Yilda Bitiruvchilar zali, a concourse is dedicated to Lieutenant Lloyd Garnett and his shipmates aboard USS Samuel B. Roberts, who earned their ship the reputation as the "destroyer escort that fought like a battleship" in the Leyte ko'rfazidagi jang Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida.
Mexican War Monument to Midshipmen Shubrick, Clemson, Hynson, and Pillsbury

Brigade sports complex

The complex includes McMullen Xokkey Arenasi where the men's ice-hockey team is located; rugby venues, an indoor hitting, chipping and putting facility for the golf team, and the Tose Family Tennis Center – including the Fluegel-Moore Tennis Stadium.[72]

Cemetery and columbarium

Glenn Uorner futbol inshooti

Dengiz-dengiz piyoda korpusining yodgorlik stadioni

Terwilliger Brothers Field

The Academy baseball team plays at the Maks Bishop stadionidagi birodarlar tervilligeri.

Akademiyani boshqarish

In 1850, the academy was placed under the jurisdiction of the Navy's Bureau of Ordnance and Hydrography but was transferred to the Navigatsiya byurosi when that organization was established in 1862. The academy was placed under the direct care of the Dengiz kuchlari departamenti in 1867, but for many years the Bureau of Navigation provided administrative routine and financial management.

As of 2004, the Superintendent of the Naval Academy reports directly to the Dengiz operatsiyalari boshlig'i. The current Superintendent is Vice Admiral Sean S. Buck (USNA 1983).

Joriy Midshipmenlar komandiri is Captain Thomas R. Buchanan, USN (USNA Class of 1992), a career submarine Officer and the Academy's 88th Commandant.[83]

The Board of Visitors annually audits the Academy. Its recommendations constitute a mandate to the administration. It is composed of officials appointed by Congress and the President.[84] 2020 recommendations include changing the historic names of buildings from people who deserted the Union for the Confederacy during the American Civil War.[85]

Fakultet

Roughly 500 faculty members are evenly divided between civilian professors and military instructors. The civilian professors nearly all have a PhD and can be awarded egalik, usually upon promotion from assistant professor to Dotsent. Fewer of the military instructors have a PhD but nearly all have a master's degree. Most of them are assigned to the Academy for only two or three years. Bundan tashqari, mavjud adjunct professors, hired to fill temporary shortages in various disciplines. The Adjunct Professors are not eligible for tenure.

Permanent Military Professors (PMP)

A small number of officers at the Academy are designated as Permanent Military Professors (PMP), initially at the academic rank of Assistant Professor. All PMPs have PhDs, and remain at the Academy until statutory retirement. Most are commanders in the Navy; a few are captains. Like civilian professors, they seek academic promotion to the rank of Associate Professor and Professor. However, they are not eligible for tenure.

Distinguished Visiting Professorships

The Class of 1957 Distinguished Chair of Naval Heritage is an academic professorial chair in the History Department.[86] In order to preserve and promote a better understanding of professional naval heritage in midshipmen at the U.S. Naval Academy, the Academy's Class of 1957 donated the funds to permanently endow this position. It is designed to be a visiting position for a distinguished senior academic historian, who is to hold the post for one or two years. The position was first occupied in 2006 and, in addition to teaching requirements, the occupant is expected to give the McMullen Seapower Lecture at the Academy's biennial McMullen Naval History Symposium.

Chair holders

Uchrashuv jarayoni

By an Act of Congress passed in 1903, two midshipman appointments were allowed for each senator, vakil va delegat in Congress, two for the Kolumbiya okrugi, and five each year at large. Currently each member of Congress and the Vice President can have five appointees attending the Naval Academy at any time. When any appointee graduates or otherwise leaves the academy, a vacancy is created. Candidates are nominated by their senator, representative, or delegate in Congress, and those appointed at large are nominated by the Vice President. The applicants do not have to know their Congressman to be nominated. Congressmen generally nominate ten people per vacancy. They can nominate people in a competitive manner, or they can have a principal nomination. In a competitive nomination, all ten applicants are reviewed by the academy, to see who is the most qualified. If the congressman appoints a principal nominee, then as long as that candidate is physically, medically, and academically found qualified by the academy, he or she will be admitted, even if there are more qualified applicants. The degree of difficulty in obtaining a nomination varies greatly according to the number of applicants in a particular state. The process of obtaining a nomination typically consists of completing an application, completing one or more essays, and obtaining one or more letters of recommendation and often requires an interview either in person or over the phone. These requirements are set by the respective senator or representative and are in addition to the USNA application.[87]

The Secretary of the Navy may appoint 170 enlisted members of the Regular and Reserve Navy and Marine Corps to the Naval Academy each year. Additional sources of appointment are open to children of career military personnel (100 per year) and 65 appointments are available to children of military members who were killed in action, or were rendered 100% disabled due to injuries received in action, or are currently prisoners of war or missing in action. Typically five to ten candidates are nominated for each appointment, which are normally awarded competitively; candidates who do not receive the appointment they are competing for may still be admitted to the Academy as a qualified alternate. If a candidate is considered qualified but not picked up, they may receive an indirect admission to either a Naval Academy Foundation prep school or the Dengiz akademiyasi tayyorlov maktabi yilda Newport; the following year, these candidates enlist in the Dengiz qo'riqxonasi (or, in the case of prior enlisted members, remain in the Navy) and are eligible for Dengiz kuchlari kotibi nominations, which are granted as a matter of course. To receive an appointment to the Naval Academy, students at the Naval Academy Preparatory School must first pass with a 2.2 QPA (a combination of GPA and Fitness Assessments), although this is waiverable. A candidate must also receive a recommendation for appointment from the Commanding Officer. The appointment process has been criticized as giving preferential treatment towards athletes.[88]

Farzandlari "Shuhrat" medali recipients are automatically appointed to the Naval Academy; they only need to meet admission requirements.[89]

Qabul qilish talablari

To be admitted, candidates must be between seventeen and twenty-three years of age upon entrance, unmarried with no children, and of good moral character. The current process includes a college application, personality testing, standardized testing, and personal references. Candidates for admission must also undergo a physical aptitude test (the CFA or Candidate Fitness Assessment [formerly the Physical Readiness Examination]) as well as a complete physical exam including a separate visual acuity test to be eligible for appointment. A medical waiver will automatically be sought on behalf of candidates with less than 20/20 vision, as well as a range of other injuries or illnesses. The physical aptitude test is most often administered by a high school physical education teacher or sports team coach.[89]

A small number of international students, usually from smaller allied or friendly countries, are admitted into each class. (International students from larger allies, such as France and the United Kingdom, typically come as shorter-term exchange students from their national naval colleges or academies.) The Class of 2018 includes 13 international students from: Kambodja (1), Kamerun (2), Mikroneziya Federativ Shtatlari (1), Gruziya (1), Qozog'iston (1), Koreya (1), Meksika (1), Chernogoriya (1), Nigeriya (1), Senegal (1), Tayvan (1) va Birlashgan Arab Amirliklari (1).[90]

Seven second class cadets each from West Point, the Air Force Academy, and the Coast Guard Academy, spend a fall semester at Annapolis. The same applies for midshipmen exchanged out to those academies at the same time. The exchange process is competitive.[91]

Akademiklar

The Naval Academy received accreditation as an approved "technological institution" in 1930. In 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt signed into law an act of Congress providing for the Bachelor of Science Degree for the Naval, Military, and Coast Guard Academies. The Class of 1933 was the first to receive this degree and have it written in the diploma. In 1937, an act of Congress extended to the Superintendent of the Naval Academy the authority to award the Bachelor of Science degree to all living graduates. The Academy later replaced a fixed curriculum taken by all midshipmen with the present core curriculum plus 22 major fields of study.[92]

Academic departments at the Naval Academy are organized into three divisions: Engineering and Weapons, known as Division I, Mathematics and Science, known as Division II, and Humanities and Social Sciences, known as Division III.

In its 2016 edition, AQSh yangiliklari va dunyo hisoboti ranked the U.S. Naval Academy as the No. 1 public liberal arts college and tied for the 12th best overall liberal arts college in the U.S.[93] In the category of High School Counselor Rankings of National Liberal Arts Colleges, the Naval Academy is also tied for No. 1 with the AQSh harbiy akademiyasi va AQSh havo kuchlari akademiyasi, and is tied for the No. 5 spot for Best Undergraduate Engineering program at schools where doctorates not offered.[93] 2016 yilda, Forbes ranked the U.S. Naval Academy as No. 24 overall in its report "America's Top Colleges".[94]

Axloqiy tarbiya

Moral and ethical development is fundamental to all aspects of the Naval Academy. From Plebe Summer through graduation, the Officer Development Program, a four-year integrated program, focuses on integrity, honor, and mutual respect based on the moral values of respect for human dignity, respect for honesty and respect for the property of others.[95]

One of the goals of the program is to develop midshipmen to possess a sense of their own moral beliefs and the ability to express them. Honor is emphasized through the Hurmat tushunchasi of the Brigade of Midshipmen, which states:

Midshipmen are persons of integrity: They stand for that which is right.

They tell the truth and ensure that the full truth is known. They do not lie.

They embrace fairness in all actions. They ensure that work submitted as their own is their own, and that assistance received from any source is authorized and properly documented. They do not cheat.

They respect the property of others and ensure that others are able to benefit from the use of their own property. They do not steal.[96]

Similar ideals are expressed in the honor codes of the other service academies. However, midshipmen are allowed to confront someone they see violating the code without formally reporting it. It is believed that this method is a better way of developing the honor of midshipmen as opposed to the non-toleration clauses of the other service academies and is a better way of building honor and trust.

Brigade Honor Committees composed of upper-class midshipmen are responsible for the education and training of the Honor Concept. Depending on the severity of the offense, midshipmen found in violation of the Honor Concept by their peers can be separated from the Naval Academy.[95]

Naval Academy Foreign Affairs Conference (NAFAC)

Since 1961, the Academy has hosted the annual Naval Academy Foreign Affairs Conference (NAFAC), the country's largest undergraduate, foreign-affairs conference. NAFAC provides a forum for addressing pressing international concerns and seeks to explore current issues from both a civilian and military perspective.

Each year a unique theme is chosen for NAFAC. Noteworthy individuals with expertise in relevant fields are then invited to address the conference delegates, who represent civilian and military colleges from across the United States and around the globe.

The entire conference is organized and run by midshipmen, who also serve as moderators, presenters, and delegates. The midshipman director is responsible for every aspect of the conference, including the conference theme, and is generally charged with leading a staff of over 250 midshipmen.[97]

Naval Academy Science and Engineering Conference (NASEC)

The Naval Academy Science and Engineering Conference (NASEC), hosted annually since 2000, is an undergraduate STEM conference. Held in November each year, approximately 45 midshipmen join 150 attendees from other colleges and universities across the country meet and discuss significant science and engineering challenges. The delegates hear from leaders in scientific research and policy from academia, industry, and government, and participate in group discussions on the conference themes.[98]

The conference serves as both a leadership opportunity for the midshipmen staff who organize and run the event, and as a venue to expose midshipmen to cutting-edge science and engineering challenges.

McMullen Naval History Symposium

Since 1973, the Naval Academy has hosted a major international conference for naval historians. In 2006 it was named after John J. McMullen, USNA Class of 1940.

Kichik sun'iy yo'ldosh dasturi

The United States Naval Academy (USNA) Small Satellite Program (SSP)[99] was founded in 1999 to actively pursue flight opportunities for miniature satellites designed, constructed, tested, and commanded or controlled by midshipmen.

The USNA MidSTAR Program 's first satellite, MidSTAR I was launched 8 March 2007.[100] The planned MidSTAR II was canceled.

Aspirantura

Because the majority of graduates commence directly into their military commissions, the Naval Academy offers no graduate degree programs. However, a number of programs allow midshipmen to obtain graduate degrees before fulfilling their service obligation. The Immediate Graduate Education Program (IGEP) allows newly commissioned Ensigns or Second Lieutenants to proceed directly to graduate school and complete a master's degree. The Voluntary Graduate Education Program (VGEP) allows the midshipman to begin their studies the second semester of their senior year at a local university, usually Merilend universiteti, Jons Xopkins universiteti, Jorjtaun universiteti, yoki Jorj Vashington universiteti, and complete the degree by the following semester. Midshipmen accepted into prestigious scholarships, such as the Rods stipendiyasi are permitted to complete their studies before fulfilling their service obligation. Finally, the Bowman Scholarship allows Navy Nuclear Power candidates to complete their master's degrees at the Dengiz aspiranturasi maktabi before continuing into the Navy.

Talabalar faoliyati

Yengil atletika

The 1926 National Championship football team

Participation in athletics is, in general, mandatory at the Naval Academy and most midshipmen not on an kollejlararo team must participate actively in ichki or club sports. Kabi atletik bo'lmagan brigadani qo'llab-quvvatlash faoliyati uchun istisnolar mavjud YP Squadron (a professional surface warfare training activity providing midshipmen the opportunity to earn the Craftmaster belgisi ) or the Drum and Bugle Corps.

Varsity-letter g'oliblar wear a specially issued blue kardigan with a large gold "N" patch affixed. Teams that beat Armiya in a year are awarded a gold star to affix near the "N" for each such victory.

The U.S. Naval Academy's varsity sports teams[101] have no official name but usually are referred to in media as "the Midshipmen" (since all sportchilar are, in fact, midshipmen), or more informally as "the Mids". The term "middies" is generally considered derogatory.[102] The sports teams' mascot is a goat named "Bill."

The Midshipmen participate in the NCAA "s Birinchi bo'lim FBS a'zosi sifatida Amerika atletika konferentsiyasi in football and in the NCAA Division I-level Vatanparvarlik ligasi in many other sports. The academy fields 30 varsity sports teams and 13 club sports teams (along with 19 intramural sports teams).[101][103]

Plebes receive basic martial arts instruction during Plebe Summer training
Plebes paddle pontoon boats during a team-building portion of Sea Trials

Akademiyadagi eng muhim sport tadbiri har yili bo'lib o'tadi Armiya-dengiz kuchlari o'yini, in football. The 2015 season marks Navy's 14th consecutive victory over Army. The three major service academies (Navy, Air Force, and Army) compete for the Bosh qo'mondonning sovrini, o'sha yili futbolda boshqalarni mag'lub etgan (yoki uch tomonlama tenglik bo'lgan taqdirda oldingi g'olib tomonidan saqlanib qolgan) akademiyaga beriladi. Navy won the trophy in 2012 after two years of residence at the Havo kuchlari akademiyasi. Keenan Reynolds (quarterback 2012–2015) set numerous Navy and NCAA records, including the FBS career rushing touchdown record, arguably becoming Navy's best quarterback ever. Reynolds finished fifth in the prestigious Heisman Trophy voting. In the Army-Navy rivalry, Reynolds became the first quarterback to beat Army in four seasons.[104]

Naval Academy sports teams have many accomplishments at the international and national levels. In 1926, Navy's football team won the U.S. national championship based on both the Boand and Houlgate mathematical poll systems.[105] and the Navy men's lacrosse team won 21 USILL or USILA national championships and was the NCAA Division I runner-up in 1975 and 2004. The men's fencing team won NCAA Division I championships in 1950, 1959, and 1962 and was runner-up in 1948, 1953, 1960, and 1963,[106] va NCAA Division I championships were also earned by the 1945 men's outdoor track and field team[107] and the 1964 men's soccer team.[108]

The Academy lightweight crew won the 2004 National Championship. The lightweights are accredited with two Jope Cup Championships as well, finishing the Eastern Sprints with the highest number of points in 2006 and 2007. The college's heavyweight crew won Olympic gold medals in men's eights in 1920 and 1952,[109] va 1907 yildan 1995 yilgacha Kollejlararo eshkak eshish assotsiatsiyasi regatta the team earned 30 championships.[110] Kollejlararo otishmalarda Dengiz akademiyasi to'qqizta g'olib bo'ldi Milliy miltiq uyushmasi miltiq jamoalari kuboklari, pnevmatik quroldan yettita jamoaviy chempionat va beshta standart to'pponcha jamoasi unvonlari.[111] Navy's squash team was the national nine-man team champion in 1957, 1959, and 1967,[112] and the boxing team was National Collegiate Boxing Association champion in 1987, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 2005.[113]

Norasmiy (ammo avvalgi mamlakat chempioni) kroket jamoasi bor.[114] Afsonada aytilishicha, 1980-yillarning boshlarida Mid va Jonni (ro'yxatdan o'tgan talaba uchun jargo) Annapolisdagi Sent-Jon kolleji ) barda edilar va Midiyaliklar Jonni bilan Midshipmenlar istalgan sport turida Sent-Jonni mag'lub etishlari mumkinligini aytib, qarshi chiqishdi. Seynt Jonning shogirdi kroketni tanladi. Since then, thousands attend the annual croquet match between St. John's and the 28th Company[115] Midshipmenlar brigadasi (dastlab Brigadadan oldingi 34-kompaniya 30 ta kompaniyaga qisqartirilgan).[116] 2017 yilga kelib, Midshipmenlar "Sent-Jon" jamoasida 7 g'alaba va 28 mag'lubiyatni qayd etishdi.[117]

Qo'shiq

Shuningdek qarang: #A selection of Naval Academy traditions (quyida)

Kabi turli tadbirlarda tez-tez ijro etiladigan va kuylanadigan bir qator qo'shiqlar orasida e'tiborga sazovor boshlanish va chaqiriq, and athletic games is: "Anchors Tarozi ", the United States Naval Academy jang qo'shig'i. According to "College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology" published in 1998, "Anchors Aweigh" ranks as the fifth greatest fight song of all time. "Moviy va oltin " is the name of Naval Academy's Alma Mater.[118]

Other extra-curricular activities

A ziravor with the U.S. Naval Academy Pipes and Drums

Midshipmen have the opportunity to participate in a broad range of other extracurricular activities including musical performance groups (Drum & Bugle Corps, Erkaklar Glee Club, Women's Glee Club, Xushxabar xori, an annual musical, a midshipman orchestra, and a bagpipe band, the Pipes & Drums), religious organizations, academic sharafli jamiyatlar kabi Omicron Delta Epsilon (an economics honor society), Campus Girl Scouts, Milliy burgut skautlari assotsiatsiyasi, a radio station (WRNV),[119] and Navy and Marine Corps professional activities (diving, flying, seamanship, and the Semper Fidelis Society for future Marines). The midshipman teatr kompaniyasi, Maskaraderlar, put on one production annually in Mahan Hall. There is an intercollegiate munozara jamoa.[120] Colleges from along the East Coast attend the annual U.S. Naval Academy Debate Tournament. Midshipmen also participate in the Sandxerst musobaqasi, a military skills event.[121]

The Brigade began publishing a hazil jurnali deb nomlangan The Kirish 1913 yilda.[122] This magazine was discontinued in 2001[123] but returned to print in the fall of 2008. Among The Log's usual features were "Salty Sam," an anonymous member of the senior class who served as a gossip columnist, and the "Company Cuties," photos of male midshipmen's girlfriends. (This last was deemed offensive to women, and despite attempts to incorporate the boyfriends of female midshipmen in some issues, the "Company Cuties" were dropped from Jurnal's format by 1991.)[124] Jurnal was once featured in Playboy jurnali for its parody of the famous periodical,[125] called "Playmid." "Playmid" was an issue of Jurnal in 1989 and was ordered destroyed by Rear Admiral Virjil L. Xill kichik., the Academy Superintendent at the time, but a handful of copies did survive. Oldinroq Kirish attempts to parody were much more successful, with 18 April 1969, version as the most famous; some sections of this issue can be seen online at an alumni website.[126] In September 1949, the Log began publishing a half-sized Parchalanish bi-weekly, to alternate with its larger sized publication.[127][128]

Politsiya

The Vashington shtatidagi dengiz okrugi -Naval Support Activity Annapolis Police Department, formerly known as the US Naval Academy Police Department until 2010, is a full DOD law enforcement agency. It is composed of both DoD Department of Navy Civilian Police, and Navy Masters-at-Arms who are responsible for policing the US Naval Academy complex. They enforce Maryland, federal and military law and local instructions, offer assistance to those in need, and provide a visible deterrent for criminal activity.[129]

Women at the Naval Academy

Kosmonavt Vendi B. Lourens, Class of 1981

The Naval Academy first accepted women as midshipmen in 1976, after Congress authorized the admission of women to all of the service academies. Women account for about 22 percent of entering plebes.[130] They pursue the same academic and professional training as do their male classmates, except that certain physical aptitude standards for women are lower than for men, mirroring the standards of the Navy itself. Women have most recently composed about 17 percent of each graduating class, however this number continues to rise. The first pregnant midshipman graduated in 2009. While regulations expressly forbade this, the woman was able to receive a waiver from the Department of the Navy.[131]

2006 yilda, Mishel J. Xovard, class of 1982, became the first female graduate of the Naval Academy to be selected for admiral; she was also the first admiral from her class. Margaret D. Klein, class of 1981, became the first female commandant of midshipmen in December 2006.

Keyingi 2003 U.S. Air Force Academy sexual assault scandal and due to concern with sexual assault in the U.S. military the Department of Defense was required to establish a task force to investigate sexual harassment and assault at the United States military academies in the law funding the military for fiscal 2004. The report, issued 25 August 2005 showed that during 2004 50% of the women at Annapolis reported instances of jinsiy shilqimlik while 99 incidents of jinsiy tajovuz xabar berildi.[132] There had been an earlier incident in 1990 which involved male midshipmen chaining a female midshipman to a urinal and then taking pictures of her after she threw a qor to'pi ularga.[133]

Academy Superintendent Vice Admiral Rodney Rempt issued a statement: "With the benefit of the Defense Task Force's assessment and recommendations, we will continue to strive to establish a climate which encourages reporting of these incidents, so we can support the victim and deal with allegations fairly and appropriately. The very idea that any member of the Naval Academy family could be part of an environment that fosters sexual harassment, misconduct, or even assault is of great concern to me, and it is contrary to all we are trying to do and achieve. Preventing and deterring this unacceptable behavior is a leadership issue that I and all the Academy leaders take to heart. Xizmat ko'rsatish akademiyalari eng yuqori standartlarga rioya qilishlariga va biz xarakter, qadr-qimmat va hurmatni namoyon etadigan mayoq bo'lib xizmat qilishimizga jamoat ishonadi. Biz ushbu ishonchni qondirish uchun sa'y-harakatlarimizni ko'paytiramiz. "2006 yilda Superintendent Rempt dengiz flotining sobiq yarim himoyachisiga ruxsat bermagani uchun tanqid qilingan Lamar Ouens zo'rlash ayblovi bilan oqlanganiga qaramay, bitiruv. Ba'zi bitiruvchilar buni Rempt tomonidan jinsiy tajovuz va zo'ravonlikka qarshi kurashni talab qiladigan tanqidchilarning o'ta g'ayratli harakatlari bilan izohladilar.[134]

1979 yilda, Jeyms H. Uebb dengiz akademiyasida ayollarning birlashishiga qarshi provokatsion inshoni "Ayollar kurasholmaydi" deb nomladi. Uebb 1979 yilda maqola yozganida Dengiz akademiyasida o'qituvchi bo'lgan Washingtonian jurnali jangovar ayollarni va xizmat ko'rsatish akademiyalariga borishini tanqid qildi. U dengiz akademiyasida 4000 erkak va 300 ayolni "shoxli ayolning orzusi" deb nomlangan yotoqxonani nazarda tutgan maqola, akademiyaga ayollar qabul qilinganidan uch yil o'tgach yozilgan. Uebb sarlavhani yozmaganligini aytdi.[135]

2006 yil 7-noyabrda Uebb Virjiniyadan AQSh Senatiga saylandi. Uning saylovdagi raqibi, keyin senator Jorj Allen, 1979 yilgi maqolani tashviqot masalasi sifatida ko'tarib, Uebbni harbiy xizmatda bo'lgan ayollarga qarshi ko'rsatgan. Uebbning javobida qisman shunday yozilgan edi: "Mening yozganlarim Akademiyadagi ayollarni yoki faol qurolli kuchlarni ortiqcha qiyinchiliklarga duchor qilgani uchun, men chuqur afsusdaman". Keyin u: "Men bugungi harbiy xizmatda ayollarning rollari bilan to'la qulayman", deb ta'kidladi.[136] Allenning siyosiy reklamasida AQSh dengiz akademiyasini bitirgan beshta ayol bitiruvchi maqola yordam berganini aytdi akademiyada ayollarga nisbatan dushmanlik va ta'qibni kuchaytiradi.

Dengiz kotibi Rey Mabus 2012 yil 21 dekabrda yaqinda o'tkazilgan jinsiy zo'ravonlik tadqiqotidan uyat bayonotini e'lon qildi, unda mamlakatning xizmat ko'rsatish akademiyalari jinsiy zo'ravonlik bilan bog'liq xavfsiz o'qitish muhitini saqlab qolishda davom etmoqda. O'tgan yili xabar qilingan jinsiy tajovuzlar Annapolisdagi 22 dan 13 gacha kamaydi. Sobiq boshliq, vitse-admiral Mayk Miller 2013 yil yanvar oyidan boshlab o'quv, jabrlanganlarni qo'llab-quvvatlash, talabalar turar joyi xavfsizligi, dam olish kunlari etakchilik borligi va alkogol siyosatining so'nggi hisobotidagi boshqa ma'lumotlarga asoslanib umumiy sharh bilan bog'liq yangi akademiya siyosatini amalga oshirdi. bu jinsiy tajovuzlarning haqiqiy sonini kamaytirmaganligini va jinoyatlar to'g'risida xabar berilmaganligini ko'rsatadi.[137]

An'analar

Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasining bayrog'i

An'analar - bu akademiyada sinfdan sinfga o'tib boradigan amaliyot. Ko'pchilik yillar davomida akademiya nashrlarida qayd etilgan. Ba'zilari bir asrga teng yoki undan kattaroq, ammo ozlari umuman o'zgarmagan.

  • Anchors Tarozi bu dengiz akademiyasida tarixiy ravishda yozilgan mashhur qo'shiq bo'lib, keyinchalik butun Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz floti uchun paydo bo'ldi. Matni Midshipman Alfred H. Miles, 2-leytenant musiqasiga sozlangan Zimmerman, USMC, 1887 yildan boshlangan Dengiz akademiyasi guruhi ustasi. "Anchors Weweigh" asarini yozgandan so'ng, ular uni 1907 sinfiga bag'ishladilar. Ushbu qo'shiq sport tadbirlarida, mitinglar paytida kuylangan va peshin paytida Baraban va Bugle Korpusi ijro etgan. shakllanishlar. Dengiz kuchlari va dengiz piyoda korpusining a'zolari, agar marshrutdan tashqari, u o'ynayotgan paytda e'tiborga olinishi kerak. Asl oyatni (quyida keltirilgan) midshipmenlar plebes sifatida o'rganadilar.

Anchors Tarozi
Maydonda dengiz flotida turing
Yelkanlar osmonga ko'tarildi
Biz hech qachon o'z yo'nalishimizni o'zgartirmaymiz
Shunday qilib armiya siz uyatchan-y-y-yni boshqarasiz
Hisobni to'ldiring, Dengiz kuchlari
Anchors Tarozi
Yelkan dengiz kuchlari maydonni pastga tushirishdi
Va armiyani cho'ktiring, armiyani kulrang![138]

  • "Beat Army" - bu aksiyalar iborasi, ko'pincha kuzdan oldin aytilgan Armiya-dengiz floti futbol o'yini u murojaat qiladi. Odatda u an'anaviy yoki maxsus vakolatli kontekstda qo'llaniladi, masalan, Akademiyaning Alma Mater-ning "Moviy va oltin" mitingda kuylaganidan keyin. Vaqtinchalik kontekstning misoli sifatida, qo'mondonlik ma'murlari tomonidan tasdiqlangan midshipmen zobitlar uni burchaklarni to'rtburchakka qaratib plebes bilan oqilona gapirishni talab qilishlari mumkin.
  • "Moviy va oltin "- bu dengiz akademiyasining nomi Alma Mater.[118] Ushbu qo'shiq har bir sport tadbirining yakunida, mitinglar oxirida va bitiruvchilar yig'ilishlarida kuylanadi. Shuningdek, u ko'plab kompaniyalarda Plebe Yozi va o'quv yili davomida haftaning oxirida kunning oxirida plebes bilan kuylanadi; bu voqea "Moviy va oltin" deb ham nomlanadi, bu qisqa muddatli yig'ilish bo'lib, yuqori sinf midshipmenlari bilan yaxshi yoki yomon kunni ko'rib chiqish uchun. Asl so'zlari:

Moviy va oltin
Endi kollej erkaklaridan dengizdan dengizga to'g'ri ranglarni kuylashlari mumkin,
Ammo bizdan yaxshiroq kim ramziy tus ko'tarish uchun,
Qadimgi jang kunlaridan beri jangovar yarmarkada bo'lgan dengizchilar uchun,
Dengizchining to'q ko'k va oltin kiyish huquqini isbotladingizmi!

Ikkinchi bayt har bir bitiruv va foydalanishga topshirish marosimida kuylanadi va ko'pincha Glee Clubs tomonidan ijro etiladi.

To'rt yil birga qaerda ko'rfazda Severn suv oqimiga qo'shilish,
Va chaqirilgan xizmat orqali biz uzoqqa tarqalamiz.
Ammo hali ham ikki yoki uchtasi uchrashganda va eski ertaklar aytib berilganda,
Filodan pastdan balandgacha biz Moviy va Oltinni garovga qo'yamiz!

Birinchi va uchinchi qatorlarning iboralari 2004 yilda gender jihatidan neytral bo'lish uchun biroz o'zgartirildi. Amaldagi birinchi misra:

Moviy va oltin
Endi kollejlar dengizdan dengizga to'g'ri ranglarni kuylashlari mumkin,
Ammo bizda kim ramziy tusni ko'tarish huquqiga ega?
Dengizchilar uchun jang yarmarkasida jasur, chunki qadimgi jang kunlari,
Dengizchining to'q ko'k va oltin kiyish huquqini isbotladingizmi![139]

  • Cover Toss - Bitirishni tugatgandan so'ng, dengiz flotidagi yangi praporjilar yoki dengiz piyodalari korpusidagi ikkinchi leytenantlar (odatda) mavqeining o'zgarishini nishonlash uchun ularni eskirgan midshipman qopqoqlarini (bosh kiyimlarini) osmonga uloqtirib tashlaydilar (odatda). Har xil qo'shimcha amaliyotlar shundan iboratki, tashrif buyurgan bolalar manfaati uchun muqovaning ichiga oz miqdordagi pulni qo'yish yoki o'z ismi va manzilini yozib, xat va pirojnoe olish uchun. Cover Toss an'anasi 1912 yilda boshlangan.
  • Echki sudi[140] Bancroftning uchinchi va to'rtinchi qanotlari ichidagi, xona derazalarining beshta qavati bilan qoplangan ikkita yorug'lik qudug'ining biriga ishora qiladi. Poydevorning tomini tashkil etuvchi tagliklarda katta HVAC moslamalari joylashgan. Tashqi xonalarga ajratish siyosati turlicha, ammo odatda asosiy o'rin birinchi o'rinni egallaydi.
  • Xerndon yodgorligi Toqqa - yil oxiridagi norasmiy marosim (bitiruv paytida "qopqoqni tashlash" ga o'xshash), plebadan uchinchi sinf o'quvchisiga o'tishni belgilaydi. Yangi yuqori sinfdoshlar sinfdoshini yodgorlikning yuqori qismiga ko'tarib, dixie stakan dengizchining qopqog'ini an'anaviy va midshipmenlarga biriktirilgan qopqoq bilan almashtirdilar.[140][141] Tadbir uchun Xerndon cho'chqa yog'i bilan qoplangan. Faqat jamoaviy ish bosh harflarning o'zgarishiga olib keladi. 2008 yilda dixie kubogi olib tashlandi va qopqoq bir necha kun oldin vafot etgan 2011 yil sinfdoshi Kristian Dikmanga tegishli edi. Bu toqqa chiqish uchun ishlatilgan birinchi ayollar kepkalari edi.[142]
  • Jimmi Legs.[140] Zamonaviy USNA kontekstlarida NDW-NSA Annapolis politsiya bo'limining (yuqoriga qarang) har qanday yoki barchasini nazarda tutadigan taqiqlangan jargon atamasi, ular asoslar uchun xavfsizlikni ta'minlaydi va ba'zi qoidalarga rioya qilishni ta'minlaydi, masalan, shaharga tashrif buyurishni taqiqlaydi. tunda devor (devor yoki zanjir bog'ichi). Bu qonuniy "sho'r" atama emas; ya'ni antiqa qulaylikning inglizcha vijdonli so'zi endi faqat dengiz sharoitida ishlatilgan.[eslatma 1] Shunga ko'ra, undan foydalanish 1990-yillarning o'sha davrdagi qarama-qarshi inqirozlarga qarshi turishga yordam beradigan "o'zaro hurmat" siyosatida taqiqlangan edi.[143]
  • The Dengiz kuchlari qonunlari - a didaktik mumtozda yozilgan she'r yuqori uslub tarkibida to'rt qatorli misralar mavjud daktil trimetr. She'rni hikoya qiluvchi xayoliy belgi, yigirma etti "qonunlar shaklida etkazib berilgan kemada bunga qanday munosabatda bo'lish va o'zlarini tutishning tegishli uslublari to'g'risida maslahat beradigan oqilona katta zobitning rolini o'z zimmasiga oladi. " Bilimsizlar "qonun" butunlay she'riy va o'xshash ekanligini va "qonunlar" dunyoning dengiz flotlaridan birida yoki tashqarisida hech qanday tartibga solish kodeksining bir qismi emasligini va hech qachon bo'lmasligini tushunishlari kerak. Bundan tashqari, haqiqiy dengiz flotida haqiqiy kemalarni boshqarish va boshqarishda maslahat unchalik katta emas. She'rni kontr-admiral bastalagan Ronald Xopvud, Royal Navy, dastlab paydo bo'lgan Armiya va dengiz floti gazetasi, 1896 yil 23-iyul.[144] 1920-yillarning o'rtalariga kelib she'r USNA-da nashr etila boshladi Rif ballari, ularni chaqirish paytida barcha muboraklarga berilgan rasmiy midshipman qo'llanmasi va o'quv qo'llanmasi.
  • Plebe stavkalari - davomida midshipmenlar yod olgan javoblar va parchalar to'plami Plebe yozi ular xotirani tarbiyalash va o'rtoqlik qurish mashqlari sifatida xizmat qiladi. Ular ro'yxatda keltirilgan Rif ballari, va barcha midshipmenlar uchun birinchi yilning asosiy mahsulotidir. Ba'zilar yosh mitingchilarga etakchilik va mehnatsevarlik to'g'risida foydali maslahatlar berish bilan xizmat qilishadi, boshqalari esa shunchaki "ser, janob, bu ishonchli kunlardan beri saqlanib kelinayotgan so'zdir. eski Serbiya, qachonki ba'zi bir serflar, ... "va hokazo. Ushbu mashqlarni barcha midshipmenlar yod bilganliklari sababli, ular Akademiya madaniyatining birlashtiruvchi umumiy merosi bo'lib xizmat qiladi va hatto o'nlab yillar o'tgach, hatto eng sho'r bitiruvchisi ham ularni mukammal o'qiy oladi.
  • Qizil plyaj[141][145] - Bancroft zalining 5 va 6-qanotlari o'rtasida, Xonaning yuqori qismida joylashgan Memorial Hall orqasida, qizil plitka bilan qoplangan plazma, Brigadaning bir qismi uchun shakllanish joyi sifatida ishlatilgan. Bu, shuningdek, cheklovlar uchun jazo safarlarida yurish uchun joy bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Ilgari iliq ob-havo paytida bu joy midshipmenlarning quyoshga cho'milish joyi bo'lib xizmat qilgan, bu erda "qizil plyaj" nomi berilgan.
  • Rif ballari - bu cho'ntak hajmini qat'iy bog'lab qo'ygan va har bir midshipmanga ta'lim berish paytida beriladi. Rif ballari midshipman plebe yilining bo'ronidan o'tishi uchun zarur bo'lgan ma'lumotlarni o'z ichiga oladi. Xotirani o'rgatishning bir qismi sifatida plebadan talabga binoan zudlik bilan o'qish uchun stok qismlarini yodlashni so'raydi. O'tmishdagi nashrlar nodir kitoblarga moyil. Yangilari chiqarilishi yoki sotib olinishi kerak. Taqlid qilib, ba'zi muassasalar o'zlarini chiqaradilar Rif ballari. Yelkanli kemadagi rif nuqtalari uchun nomlangan, bular qisqa tutashgan chiziqlar bo'lib, bo'ron paytida suzib yurishini qisqartirishi, undagi kuchni kamaytirishi va dengiz sathidan o'tishiga yordam berish uchun magistralning pastki qismini bum yoki shpaga bog'lash uchun ishlatiladi. yelkan yoki mastning sinishi bo'lmagan gale.
  • Ring raqsi May oyida bo'lib o'tgan ushbu tadbir, ikkinchi sinf mitingchilar o'zlarining uzuklarini otashinlar bilan to'la rasmiy raqsda olishlari. Tadbir Dahlgren zalida bo'lib o'tmoqda. An'anaga ko'ra, Midshipmanning xurmosi uzukni bo'yniga bog'lab turadi va er-xotin halqani ettita dengizdan suvga botiradi.[140]
  • Tuzli Sem - bu dengiz floti akademiyasini bitirganlar orqali AQSh dengiz flotidagi islohot harakatining timsolidir.[146] Ma'naviy jihatdan birinchi Tuzli Sem, ehtimol "dengiz flotining yosh turklari" ning tabiiy etakchisi bo'lgan.[147] Uilyam Sims (1880 sinf), to'liq admiral sifatida iste'foga chiqqan, dengiz flotining etakchi islohotchisiga aylandi.

Bugungi kunda uning ko'pgina maktublari u erda ilgari surilgan islohotlar tufayli emas, balki ularni taqdim etishning kulgili usuli tufayli zavqlanmoqda ... u she'riyatga ifoda vositasi sifatida qaram bo'lgan; u iloji boricha o'z g'oyalarini qofiyada bayon qilgan, ba'zan jiddiyroq o'rtoqlarining umidini yo'qotgan, ammo ba'zilari vaqti-vaqti bilan shu kabi javob berishga undashgan. Qog'ozdagi urush she'riyatda ham olib borilishi mumkin edi, chunki u hech bo'lmaganda aqlni baland tutganligi uchun his qildi. U qanchalik yoshi ulg'aygan va qarigan bo'lsa, shunchalik ko'p she'rlaridagi kayfiyatni nasr va she'riyatdagi hazil bilan engillashtirishga harakat qilar edi, garchi ikkinchisi, ko'pchilikning ta'kidlashicha, uning muallifining dengiz floti darajasi tobora ko'tarilgan. Hali ham u o'z maqsadiga qoyil qoldi. Kichik ofitser sifatida bu uning g'oyalarini tanqid panjarasi mukammal yopilgan holda, muloyimlik bilan jihozlangan ot o'yinlari patinasida yashirishning bir usuli edi.

— Kapitan Edvard L. Plyaj, USN[147]
Keyingi yillarda Tuzli Sem Simsning ma'rifatiga rahbarlik qildi Jurnal USNA-da. Tuzli Sem Simsning ruhini aks ettiradi va dengiz flotini kelajakka tayyorlash uchun bugungi paradigmalarga savol beradi. Tuzli Semning sirli va noma'lum urf-odati - Midshipmanni Sims hazil uslubida tanqidni jilovlashga o'rgatish, ammo aniq dalillar orqali o'zgarish va islohotlarga ilhom berishga intilish.
  • The Bug 'tunnellari, keyinchalik Xoshimin izi[140] nomi bilan atalgan eski Isherwood zalidan bug 'quvurlarini olib boruvchi g'isht bilan qoplangan yer osti tunnellari tarmog'idir Benjamin F. Ishervud davrida dengiz flotining bosh muhandisi bo'lib ishlagan Amerika fuqarolar urushi. Quvurlar Bancroft Hall va Mahan Hall-ga, asosan binolarni isitish uchun bug 'tashiydi. Tunnellarga qo'shilgan qo'shimchalar yer ostidan Mishelson Xoll, Chauvenet Xoll va Rikover Xol podval darajalariga olib boradi. Tunnellar, ayniqsa, armiya-dengiz kuchlari futbol o'yinidan oldingi hafta davomida, midshipman pranklari uchun tabiiy infiltratsiya yo'li bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Asl Isherwood Hall qisman hozirgi bitiruvchilar zali ostida va Mahan Hall orqasida Nimits kutubxonasi tomon joylashgan. Bug 'zavodi Rickover Hall va plazaning old chap tomonida, hozirgi 300 metr (91 m) tortib olinadigan tank o'rtasida joylashgan edi. Bug 'tunnellari Isherwood Hall buzib tashlanganidan keyin o'z joylarida qoldi.

Bitiruvchilar

USNA bitiruvchilari assotsiatsiyasi "bitiruvchilar" ni ular tugatgan va tugatmagan sobiq midshipmenlar deb ta'riflaydi, ular a'zo bo'lgan so'nggi Akademiya sinfini tugatgandan so'ng.[148] Bitiruvchilarni o'z ichiga olgan ushbu siyosat 1931 yilga to'g'ri keladi Katta depressiya - ko'plab midshipmenlar oilasini boqish uchun Dengiz akademiyasini tark etishlari kerak bo'lganida.

Bitiruvchilar orasida 50 dan ortiq AQSh astronavtlari (shu jumladan Oyga uchib ketgan oltitasi bor)[2-eslatma]), AQShdagi boshqa har qanday bakalavriat muassasalariga qaraganda 990 dan ortiq turli xil akademik sohalar bo'yicha olimlar akademiya bitiruvchilari, shu jumladan 46 Rodos olimlari va 24 Marshall olimlari. Qo'shimcha taniqli bitiruvchilar qatoriga AQShning bir prezidenti kiradi (Jimmi Karter ) kim ham Nobel mukofoti sovrindori, boshqalari Nobel mukofoti oluvchi (Nobel mukofotini olgan birinchi amerikalik olim) va 73 "Shuhrat" medali oluvchilar.

"Shipmate", USNA Alumni Assotsiatsiyasining rasmiy jurnali butun dunyo bo'ylab Uyushma a'zolariga va o'rtoqlarga, ota-onalarga, o'qituvchilarga, ma'murlarga, donorlarga, qonun chiqaruvchilarga va do'stlariga tarqatiladi.[149]

2012 yilda Sam Tan Vey Shen, a Singapur, akademiya tarixida o'z sinfida birinchi bo'lib bitirgan birinchi chet ellik edi.[150]

Shuningdek qarang

Izohlar

  1. ^ Etimologiya noma'lum bo'lib qolmoqda. Tasodifiy yozuvchilarning qo'llab-quvvatlanmaydigan taxminlari ilmiy ahamiyatga ega emas. 1889 yilda nashr etilgan anonim midshipman ditty-da atamaning paydo bo'lishi uning hech bo'lmaganda o'sha paytdayoq tashkil etilganligini ko'rsatadi: "Adios Jimmy Legs, siz barcha josuslarning boshlig'i, Adios Jimmi oyoqlari, sizning ustingizda chivinlar yo'q". ichida topilgan Gibbs, G.F. (1889). Keraksiz: Qo'shma Shtatlar Dengizchilik akademiyasi kursantlarining qo'shiqlari va she'rlari to'plami. Vashington, DC: Patentee nashriyot kompaniyasi. Sahifalar raqamlanmagan. Zamonamizning dengiz entsiklopediyasida Jimmi Legsga "Sobriquet for the qurol-yarog '," Xemersli, LR (1884). "Jimmi Legs". Dengiz entsiklopediyasi: dengiz so'zlari va iboralari lug'atini, biografik bildirishnomalarini va dengiz zobitlarining yozuvlarini o'z ichiga oladi; dengiz san'ati va fanining maxsus maqolalari. Filadelfiya: L.R. Hamersly & Co.
  2. ^ Jim Lovell, Bill Anders va Tom Stafford Oy atrofida aylandi va Alan Shepard, Jim Irvin va Charli Dyuk Oyda yurgan o'n ikki kosmonavtdan uchtasi edi.

Adabiyotlar

  • Konrad, Jeyms Li, Isyonkor Reefers: Konfederatsiya shtatlari dengiz akademiyasining tashkiloti va midshipmenlari, Da Capo Press, 2003, ISBN  0306812371

Izohlar

  1. ^ name = "nris">"Milliy reyestr ma'lumot tizimi". Tarixiy joylarning milliy reestri. Milliy park xizmati. 2010 yil 9-iyul.
  2. ^ Merilinn Larew (1977 yil 28-iyul). "Tarixiy joylarning milliy tarixiy reestri nominatsiya shakli". Milliy park xizmati. Iqtibos jurnali talab qiladi | jurnal = (Yordam bering) va Rasmlar bilan birga
  3. ^ "Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari dengiz akademiyasi". Milliy tarixiy diqqatga sazovor joylarning qisqacha ro'yxati. Milliy park xizmati. Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2014 yil 18-iyulda. Olingan 16 iyul 2014.
  4. ^ Birodarlar pullik. "Tarix zamonaviy hashamatni kutib oladi". Arxivlandi asl nusxasi 2015 yil 15 fevralda.
  5. ^ "Eng ko'p maosh oladigan" kollejlar ". CNN. 10 sentyabr 2014 yil.
  6. ^ "USNA bitiruvchilari assotsiatsiyasi va jamg'armasi". 2014 yil mart.
  7. ^ Barnett, Lelia Montague (1920 yil oktyabr). "Komodor Sinkler va dengiz maktabi". Amerika inqilobi jurnalining qizlari. LIV (10): 553.
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Koordinatalar: 38 ° 58′58 ″ N. 76 ° 29′06 ″ V / 38.9828 ° 76.4851 ° Vt / 38.9828; -76.4851