Sara Peyninning siyosiy pozitsiyalari - Political positions of Sarah Palin

Gubernator Palin saylovoldi kampaniyasini boshladi Dover, Nyu-Xempshir, 2008 yil oktyabr

Ushbu maqola bir qator qismidir haqida Sara Peylin
Makkeyn-Palin-2008 aksiyasi Vitse-prezidentlikka nomzod Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Gubernatorlik (2006–2009) Hokim lavozimidan iste'foga chiqish Saylov tarixi Dastlabki siyosiy martaba Siyosiy lavozimlar Ommaviy imidj Saturday Night Live parodiyalar Roguega borish: Amerika hayoti Sara Peynning Alyaskadan

Sara Peylin bu Amerika to'qqizinchi bo'lib xizmat qilgan siyosatchi, sharhlovchi va muallif Alyaska gubernatori, 2006 yildan 2009 yilgacha. Palin Respublika partiyasi nomzod Vitse prezident ichida 2008 yilgi prezident saylovi yonma-yon Arizona Senator Jon Makkeyn.

U siyosiy sharh berdi Fox News va jamoatchilik e'tiboridagi faoliyati davomida siyosiy masalalarning keng doirasidagi pozitsiyalarini ifoda etdi.

Ijtimoiy va huquqiy masalalar

Jamiyat hayotidagi din

A qatnashishiga qaramay Elliginchi kun qo'llab-quvvatlagan cherkov tiyilish alkogoldan, Palin, keyin Vasilla Shahar Kengashi, shahar barlari ishlash vaqtini cheklashga qarshi hal qiluvchi ovoz berdi. Gen Straatmeyerning so'zlariga ko'ra, mahalliy Presviterian vazir, Palin unga shahar kengashidagi eshitish paytida "Men Xudo Assambleyasi cherkoviga boraman va u erda yakshanba kuni maktab o'qituvchisiman va xristian dinim bilan barlarning qancha soat yopilishi o'rtasida hech qanday aloqani ko'rmayapman" dedi. "Straatmeyer so'zlarini davom ettirdi. "U men vakili bo'lgan cherkov guruhlari nomidan guvohlik berishim mumkin emasligini sezdi." Bar vaqtini cheklash uchun kurashish uchun mo'ljallangan mast holda transport vositasini boshqarish va turmush o'rtog'ini suiiste'mol qilish, ammo Palin bar vaqtini cheklash mahalliy iqtisodiyotga zarar etkazishini his qildi.^[1]

2006 yilda gubernatorlik uchun nomzodlarning bahs-munozarasi paytida, agar cherkov ruhoniysi gubernatorlik nomzodini qo'llab-quvvatlasa, u o'zini qanday his qiladi, degan savolga Palin "biz hech qachon hukumatning bizning din erkinligimizni yoki so'z erkinligini yoki erkinligimizni bo'g'ish uchun qilgan harakatlarini hech qachon qo'llab-quvvatlamasligini aytdi. "lekin ruhoniyga ma'qullash" umidsizlik "va" qurbonlik lavhasida kamroq dollar "bo'lishiga olib kelishi mumkinligi haqida ogohlantirgan. ^[2]

2006 yilda Palin Associated Press uning shaxsiy e'tiqodi uning davlat siyosatini belgilab qo'ymasligini ta'kidlab, u "u erda va'z qilayotgan va mening qarashlarimni boshqalarga majbur qiladigan odam emasligini" aytdi.^[3]

2006 yilda Alyaska gubernatori uchun bo'lib o'tgan munozarada Palin u ikkalasini ham o'qitish tarafdori ekanligini aytdi kreatsionizm va evolyutsiya Alyaskada davlat maktablari. Ertasi kuni u: "Bu o'quv dasturining bir qismi bo'lishi shart emas", dedi va uni qo'shishga majbur qilmasligini aytdi. U shuningdek, dinni yoki kreatsionizm haqidagi qarashlarni a sifatida ishlatmasligini aytdi litmus testi Alyaska a'zolarini yig'ishda Ta'lim kengashi. (Davlat qonunchiligiga binoan, ta'lim kengashi davlat maktablari o'quv dasturining mazmunini belgilaydi.)^[4] Shuningdek, Palin evolyutsiyani "qabul qilingan printsip sifatida o'rgatish kerak. Sizga ma'lumki, men maktab o'qituvchisi, fan o'qituvchisi qizi sifatida menga haqiqatan ham ilm-fanga hurmatni singdirgan deb aytaman. Buni o'rgatish kerak. Men Yerdagi bu go'zal ijodda Xudoning qo'lini ko'rayotganimni inkor etmayman, lekin bu maktab siyosatidagi davlat siyosati yoki mahalliy o'quv dasturiga kirmaydi, fanni tabiatshunoslik darslarida o'qitish kerak. . "^[5]

Gubernator Palin xususiy, nasroniy maktablarini davlat tomonidan moliyalashtirishga veto qo'yganida, "Men xristianman .... [mablag '] konstitutsiyaga ziddir. Bu noqonuniy. Siz bunday qila olmaysiz. Men u erga kirishim kerak edi va bu narsalarga veto qo'ydi va, albatta, o'sha paytda "Oh, siz haqiqiy konservator yoki haqiqiy respublikachi emassiz. Aks holda siz buning uchun kurashgan bo'lar edingiz", deb ayblashdi. Yo'q, noqonuniy noqonuniy hisoblanadi. "^[6]

Alyaska gubernatori sifatida u 2007 yil oktyabr oyida "Xristian merosi haftaligi" e'loniga imzo chekdi^[7] bu "Alyaskaliklarga nasroniylikning bizning boy merosimizdagi rolini eslatib turadi".^[8] Shuningdek, u 2007 yil 18-25 noyabr kunlarini e'lon qildi Injil haftasi Alyaskada, "Muqaddas Kitob san'at, adabiyot, musiqa va qonun kodekslariga chuqur ta'sir ko'rsatgan".^[2]

Keyin 2008 yil respublikachilarning milliy anjumani, Palinning diniy qarashlari ommaviy axborot vositalarida qiziqish va hatto tekshiruv mavzusiga aylandi.^[9] U a Elliginchi kun 26 yil davomida amal qilgan cherkov qo'llarga yotqizish va tillarda gapirish cherkov xizmatlari paytida. U Hosil kunida ulg'ayganini aytgan Xudoning majlisi cherkov va xizmat haqida hech narsa uni bezovta qilmadi.^[9] Biroq, 2002 yilda shtat miqyosidagi lavozimga nomzodlik qilishdan oldin u ushbu tadbirda ishtirok etishni boshladi mazhabsiz Vasilla Injil cherkovi tomonidan tasvirlangan cherkov The Times sifatida "ko'proq himoyalangan". ^[9] 2008 yil iyun oyida u o'zining sobiq cherkoviga javob tashrifi bilan tashrif buyurdi va u erda nutq so'zladi vazirlik dinni urush va energiya bilan bog'laydigan talabalar.^[3][9] U shunday dedi Xudoning irodasi bu Alyaska gaz quvuri yakunlandi.^[9] 2008 yil oktyabr oyida Makkeyn kampaniyasida Palin diniy e'tiqodni chuqur egallaganligi va o'zini Hosil bayrami deb hisoblamaganligi aytilgan.^[3]

2010 yil 10-iyun kuni Palin o'zining Twitter-dagi akkauntida yorug'lik chiroqlari ning Empire State Building sharafiga ko'k va oq rang o'zgartirilmaydi Ona Tereza 100 yilligi. Peyn nega bino egasi "Tereza onaning insoniyat uchun qilgan rahm-shafqatli va fidokorona harakatlarini ulug'lamaysiz, lekin siz [uni] hurmat qilasiz" deb so'radi. Kommunistik Mao ?"^[10] Peynin Empire State Buildingning 2009 yil 9 sentyabrda Xitoy Xalq Respublikasining tashkil topganligining 60 yilligini nishonlash uchun qizil va sariq ranglarda yuvinish sxemasini nazarda tutgan edi.^[11]

Palin qurilishiga qarshi chiqdi Park 51, Nyu-York shahrida Park-Pleysda qurilishi rejalashtirilgan, qurilishi rejalashtirilgan 13 qavatli Islomiy madaniyat markazi masjidi bilan G'arbiy Brodvey va Cherkov ko'chasi, ikki blok narida Zaminli nol.^[12]

Oliy sud qaroridan keyin Snayder va Felps deb nomlangan Westboro baptist cherkovi O'lgan askarlarning dafn marosimini jamoat yo'lakchasida piket qilish huquqiga ega bo'lgan Palin, boshqa diniy nutqlardan farqli o'laroq, sud WBC nutqi uchun ikki tomonlama standartni amalga oshirdi, deb ta'kidladi. 2011 yil 2 martda u tvitterda shunday deb yozdi: "Wacko cherkovi tomonidan nafratlangan msg-lar @ askarlarning dafn marosimlariga yo'l qo'yganligi sababli aql va odobsizlik yo'q, lekin biz jamoat maydonida Xudoning ismini chaqira olmaymiz".^[13] Ertasi kuni Peyn o'z tvitiga aniqlik kiritdi: "Shubhasiz mening izohim shuni anglatadiki, biz bitiruv nutqlarida" Xudo sizni marhamatlasin "deb ayta olmasligimiz yoki mahalliy futbol o'yini oldidan ibodat qilishimiz mumkin emas, ammo bu wackoslar o'zlarining nafratlarida Xudoning ismini chaqirishlari mumkin. Bizning harbiy dafn marosimimiz piketi paytida so'zlashuv, bu bema'ni nomuvofiqlikni ko'rsatmoqda, men so'z erkinligini cheklash uchun choralar ko'rmadim va ba'zi odamlar mening sharhimni shu tarzda burab ko'rishga urinishdi, men shunchaki tez-tez tanlab olinadigan kinoyaga ishora qildim. so'z erkinligi huquqlarini talqin qilish. "^[14]

Qurolga bo'lgan huquqlar

Qurolga egalik huquqining kuchli tarafdori va umrbod a'zosi Palin Milliy miltiq uyushmasi,^[15] qarshi ekanligini bildirgan yarim avtomatik avtomat qurollarni taqiqlash,^[16] va 2008 yilgi saylovoldi videosida harbiy avtomatni o'qqa tutayotgani ko'rsatilgan.^[17] U maqtadi Kolumbiya okrugi va Heller Oliy sudning qaroriga binoan, Vashingtonda qurol-yarog 'uchun taqiq bekor qilingan,^[15] va qurolni saqlash bilan bog'liq har qanday tartibga solish buzilgan deb hisoblaydi AQSh Konstitutsiyasiga ikkinchi o'zgartirish.^{[iqtibos kerak ]} U bolalar uchun qurol xavfsizligi bo'yicha ta'lim berish tarafdori,^[15] va qurol huquqlari himoyachilari orasida mashhur bo'lganligi aytiladi.^[18]

Abort

Peyninga qarshi abort deyarli barcha holatlarda, shu jumladan zo'rlash va qarindoshlar, lekin agar onaning hayoti xavf ostida bo'lsa.^[19][20][21] 2006 yilda gubernatorlik lavozimiga nomzodini qo'yayotganda Palindan agar o'z qizi zo'rlanib homilador bo'lib qolsa nima qilishini so'rashgan; u "hayotni tanlayman" deb javob berdi.^[20] U va uning eri "har bir chaqaloq yaxshi maqsadda yaratilganiga ishonamiz", deb ta'kidladilar.^[22] Agar u hokim sifatida nima qiladi, degan savolga Roe Vadega qarshi bekor qilindi, u javob berdi: "Menga biron bir narsani taqiqlash o'zimga bog'liq emas edi. Alyaskaning aholisi o'z qadriyatlarimizni qanday aks ettirishini muhokama qilishimiz va qaror qabul qilishimiz kerak".^[23] Palin shaxsan qonunlarni qonuniy ravishda qo'llab-quvvatladi kechiktirilgan abortlar va talab qilish ota-onalarning roziligi uchun voyaga etmagan Alyaskadagi abortlar,^[24] ammo qonun loyihalari bilan rozi bo'lishiga qaramay, abortni cheklashni qonun bilan tasdiqlashni istagan diniy konservatorlarga rad javobini berdi.^[25]

Uning televizion intervyusida ABC News langar Charli Gibson 2008 yil 12 sentyabrda u siyosatchi sifatida o'zining fikrlari jamoatchilikka ochiq bo'lishi kerak, ammo ba'zida bu siyosiy qonunchilik bilan farq qilishi mumkin, deb hisoblaydi. Gibson u o'ylayaptimi deb so'raganida Roe Vadega qarshi bekor qilinishi kerak, u shunday javob berdi: "Menimcha, bu kerak va menimcha, davlatlar bu masalani hal qilishlari kerak."^[26] Bundan tashqari, Palin "bu masalada boshqa tomonda bo'lganlar bilan ishlashga va ular bilan ishlashga umid qilaman", deb aytdi, chunki men Amerikada kamroq abort qilish zarurati va istagi to'g'risida kelishib olishimiz mumkinligini bilaman va asrab olish, boshqa muqobil variantlar uchun ayollar qabul qilishi mumkin va bo'lishi kerak, bu hayot madaniyatini ta'minlash uchun. "^[26] A hayot madaniyati barcha bosqichlarda inson hayotini muqaddas tutadi. Gibson Respublikachilar partiyasidan prezidentlikka nomzod ekanligini ta'kidladi Jon Makkeyn zo'rlash yoki qarindoshlar o'rtasidagi qarindoshlik nikohidan istisno qilishga ruxsat beradi va "Siz faqat onaning hayoti xavf ostida bo'lgan holatda bunga ishonasizmi?" Peyn javob berdi: "Bu mening shaxsiy fikrim".^[26] Bu borada uni bosishganda, u "Mening shaxsiy fikrimcha, agar onaning hayoti xavf ostida bo'lsa, abortga yo'l qo'yiladi. Iltimos, meni bu borada tushunib oling. Men bu borada Makkeynning pozitsiyasini tushunaman. Men boshqalarga bu haqda juda jonkuyarlarni tushunaman. boshqacha fikrga ega bo'lgan masala. "^[26]

Ildiz hujayralarini tadqiq qilish

Palin 2006 yilda buni ishongani uchun aytgan embrional ildiz hujayralarini tadqiq qilish hayotni yo'q qilishga olib keladi, bu tadqiqot unga mos kelmaydi hayotni qo'llab-quvvatlovchi pozitsiyasi va u buni qo'llab-quvvatlamaydi.^[27]

Hammasi har xil kattalar ildiz hujayrasi tadqiqot yondashuvlari Palin tomonidan qo'llab-quvvatlanadi. Bilan intervyuda Charli Gibson, Palin ikkala turini ajratib ko'rsatdi ildiz hujayralarini tadqiq qilish "Va shukurki, yana bir bor nafaqat boshqa variantlar mavjud, balki biz juda katta miqdordagi boshqa variantlarni topishga yaqinlashmoqdamiz, masalan, men aytib o'tganimdek, kattalar ildiz hujayralarini tadqiq qilish".^[28][29]

Jinsiy tarbiya

Palin 2006 yilga javob berdi gubernatorlik "aniq" qo'llab-quvvatlash o'rniga nikohdan oldin voz kechish dasturlarini moliyalashtirishni qo'llab-quvvatlashni tanlash orqali so'rovnoma jinsiy tarbiya dasturlari, maktabga asoslangan klinikalar va tarqatish kontratseptivlar maktablarda "deb nomlangan.^[30] Bilan keyingi radio intervyusida KTOO (FM) yilda Juneau, Alyaska, u qarshi ekanligini aytib, o'z pozitsiyasiga oydinlik kiritdi aniq jinsiy ta'lim, ammo kontratseptiv ta'limni qo'llab-quvvatladi.^[30] U maktab ichidagi prezervativlarni muhokama qilishni "nisbatan benign" deb ta'rifladi.^[30] va "aniq" dasturni aniqlaydigan narsa emas. Peylin kontratseptsiya to'g'risida "uyda bu haqda eshitmasligi mumkin bo'lgan bolalar boshqa xiyobonlarda eshitishlari kerak" deb aytgan.^[30][31] Rebekka Traister Salon.com Palinning siyosiy rekordini uning bu borada ishtiyoqi yo'qligini namoyish etgani sifatida tahlil qildi Bush davri nikohdan oldin voz kechishni ma'qullashni targ'ib qilish va u Alyaskada mavjud bo'lgan jinsiy ta'lim to'g'risidagi qonunlarga qarshi ishlamaganligini ko'rsatdi.^[32]

Ayollar muammolari

Feminizm

Palin a'zosi bo'lgan Hayot uchun feministlar 2006 yildan beri.^[33] 2006 yil avgust oyida u Anchorage Daily News bu "biron bir ayol o'z kasbini, o'qishini va bolasini tanlashi kerak emas".^[34] Bilan intervyuda Keti Kurik 2008 yil 30 sentyabrda Palin shunday dedi: "Men teng huquqlarga ishonadigan feministikman va ishonamanki, bugungi kunda ayollar, albatta, erkak uchun har qanday imkoniyatga ega bo'lishlari va baribir barchasini qilishga harakat qilishlari kerak. Va men" Men juda ko'p va juda minnatdormanki, men oilada tarbiya topganim, jinsi muammo bo'lmagan ".^[35]

Bilan keyingi intervyularda Brayan Uilyams 2008 yil 29 oktyabrda Peyninning so'zlari keltirilgan: "Men o'zimga hech narsa yozmoqchi emasman, Brayan, va menimcha, bu amerikaliklarning ko'pini bezovta qilmoqda, ayniqsa, siyosiy kampaniyada Amerikaning turli qismlariga yorliq bosishga urinish boshlanadi." Men o'zimni yorliq bilan aytmoqchi emasman, lekin men ayollarning huquqlariga ishonaman; men teng huquqlarga ishonaman va men tarbiyalanganim uchun juda minnatdorman, chunki haqiqatan ham jinsi hech qachon muammo bo'lmagan. "^[36]

Turli jamoatchilik chiqishlarida, masalan, 14 mayda Syuzan B. Entoni ro'yxati nutq,^[37] Palin sufragetlar "feministik oldingi onalar" sifatida va "yangi, konservativ feministik harakat" ga chaqirdi.^[38] Uning sharhlari feminizmning mohiyati va uning konservatizm va abort bilan aloqasi to'g'risida juda ko'p munozaralarga sabab bo'ldi.^{[39][40][41][42][43]}

Barak Obamaning tug'ilish holati

2009 yil 3-dekabrda intervyu Rusty Humphries, Peynindan Prezident haqida so'rashdi Barak Obama "s tug'ilganlik to'g'risidagi guvohnoma. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, "Menimcha jamoatchilik bu masalani haligacha hal qilmoqda. Menda bu kabi muammo yo'q. Men bu masalani hal qilish uchun ovora bo'lishim kerakligini bilmayman, chunki elektorat a'zolari deb o'ylayman" hali ham javob istayman. " Odamlarning guvohnomani so'rash uchun qonuniy sababi bormi, degan savolga u shunday dedi: "Menimcha, bu adolatli savol, xuddi o'tgan assotsiatsiya va o'tgan ovoz berish yozuvlari kabi - bularning barchasi adolatli o'yin". U shuningdek, savollar "feyr-pley" ekanligini ta'kidladi, chunki "g'alati fitna nazariyasi odamlar bu haqda gapiradigan g'alati narsa Trig mening haqiqiy o'g'lim emasmi - "Tug'ilganlik to'g'risidagi guvohnomani taqdim etishingiz kerak, u sizning bolangiz ekanligini isbotlashingiz kerak", deb biz qildik. Balki biz buni qaytarib bera olamiz. "^[44]

Keyinchalik Peyn Facebook-dagi postida o'z pozitsiyasiga quyidagilarni izohlab berdi: "Saylovchilar o'zlari xohlagan taqdirda nomzodlardan ma'lumot so'rashga haqli. Men 2008 yilgi saylovlar paytida bu chap tarafdagi ko'pchilik uchun plyusdan tortib to adolatli ko'rinishga ega bo'lgan o'yin ekanligini ta'kidladim. mening shifokorim va advokatim Trig aslida mening farzandim ekanligi haqida fitna uyushtirgan muxbirlar va saylovchilar bir necha bor so'rashga haqli edilar ... ular bir necha bor so'radilar, ammo hech qanday ma'noda - kampaniya paytida ham, so'nggi intervyular paytida ham emas. - men prezidentdan tug'ilganlik to'g'risidagi guvohnomasini taqdim etishini so'radimmi yoki u AQShda tug'ilgan emas deb taxmin qildimmi? "^[45]

2011 yil fevral oyida Palin Obamaning dini va tug'ilganligi to'g'risidagi munozarani rad etib, shunday dedi: "E'tiqod, tug'ilganlik to'g'risidagi guvohnoma va boshqalar bunday suhbatga kirishishi mumkin. Bu chalg'itadi. Bu bezovta qiladi. Va keling, shunchaki muhim bo'lgan narsaga sodiq qolaylik".^[46] U Barak Obamaning Gavayida tug'ilganiga ishonganiga qaramay, u maqtovga sazovor bo'ldi Donald Tramp Barak Obamaning tug'ilganlik haqidagi guvohnomasi bilan bog'liq savollarga: "U erda biron bir narsa borki, prezident odamlarning ushbu tug'ilganlik haqidagi guvohnomada ko'rishini xohlamaydi."^[47]

Bir jinsli uyushmalar

Peylin ikkalasiga ham qarshi chiqadi bir jinsli nikoh va fuqarolik birlashmalari.^[48] Sifatida saylovoldi tashviqoti paytida Alyaska gubernatori 2006 yilda Palin qo'llab-quvvatlaganligini e'lon qildi 1998 yil Alyaskada konstitutsiyaviy o'zgartirish "... nikoh faqat bitta erkak va bitta ayol o'rtasida bo'lishi mumkin" ni qo'shishni taklif qilgan Alyaska konstitutsiyasi shu davlatda bir jinsli nikoh qonuniy bo'lmasligini ta'minlash maqsadida.

Palin davlat tomonidan qoplanishiga qarshi chiqdi sog'liq va nafaqaxo'r foydalari bir jinsli sheriklar davlat xizmatchilarining, ammo Alyaska Oliy sudi Buning uchun ko'rsatma^[49][50] va keyinchalik imtiyozlarni rad qiladigan qonun loyihasiga veto qo'ydi.^[51] Bilan intervyuda Newsweek 2007 yilda u shtat konstitutsiyasiga bir jinsli juftliklarga imtiyozlarni rad etuvchi tuzatishlarni qo'llab-quvvatlashini tasdiqladi.^[50] Keyinchalik u majburiy bo'lmaganligi to'g'risida qonun loyihasini imzoladi referendum imtiyozlarni rad etish uchun konstitutsiyaviy o'zgartirish uchun.^[52] Referendum 2007 yil aprelida o'tgan bo'lsa-da, saylovchilarning 53 foizi konstitutsiyani o'zgartirishni qo'llab-quvvatlagan bo'lsa-da, bunday tuzatishlarni kiritish to'g'risidagi qonun loyihasi ovoz berish 2008 yil noyabr oyida shtat qonunchilik organida to'xtab qoldi.^[53]

Peynin a .ni qo'llab-quvvatlashini aytdi Federal konstitutsiyaviy o'zgartirish bir jinsli nikohni taqiqlash.^[54] Bu pozitsiya uning turmush o'rtog'i bilan farq qilar edi, Jon Makkeyn.^[55][56] 2012 yil 31 iyuldagi intervyusida Greta Van Susteren, Palin shtatlarning bir jinsli nikohga oid huquqlari to'g'risida so'rashdi, unga Palin shunday javob berdi: "Menimcha, davlatlar turli masalalar bo'yicha qaror qabul qilishda konstitutsiyaviy huquqga ega, ammo gap ba'zi bir fundamental, juda bizning jamiyatimizning, madaniyatimizning tamal toshlari bo'lgan jihatlari, men shaxsan Amerikaning nikoh deb belgilashda davom etishi to'g'risida milliy muloqotlar o'tkazishni juda xohlar edim, sobiq gubernator sifatida, davlatlar buni hal qilishlariga ruxsat bering, agar men o'zim qaerda bo'lsam edi Agar siz Greta, agar ko'rsangiz, davlatlar ushbu masala bo'yicha qaerga borganiga va odamlarning ovozlariga e'tibor bering, deb aytgan edim. ular musulmonlar singari nikohni bitta erkak va bitta ayol deb ta'riflashni davom ettirishni xohlashadi, Pravoslav yahudiylar qil, nodavlat nasroniylar albatta, imon keltiradigan katoliklar qiladilar. Bu haqiqatan ham din va tsivilizatsiya asosidir ".^[57]

2011 yil 1 martda, deydi Palin Nikoh uchun milliy tashkilot Rais Maggie Gallagher u Obama ma'muriyatining himoyani davom ettirishdan bosh tortishiga qarshi bo'lgan Nikohni himoya qilish to'g'risidagi qonun: "Men har doim nikoh bitta erkak va bitta ayol o'rtasida bo'ladi deb ishonganman. Aksariyat amerikaliklar singari men ham Nikohni Mudofaa to'g'risidagi qonunni qo'llab-quvvatlayman va Obama ma'muriyati keng partiyaviy qo'llab-quvvatlash bilan qabul qilingan ushbu federal qonunni himoya qilmaslikka qaror qilgani dahshatli deb bilaman Va demokrat prezident tomonidan qonun bilan imzolangan. Bu dahshatli, ammo Prezident yana bir masalada o'z nomzod sifatida ko'rsatilgan pozitsiyasidan saylanganidan keyin qarama-qarshi ko'rinadigan pozitsiyaga o'tib ketganligi ajablanarli emas ".^[58]

Huquqiy tizim

Sud tayinlovlari

Alyaskadagi sudyalarning vakansiyalarini to'ldirish uchun nomzodlar bilan suhbatlashayotganda davlat sudlari, Palin bo'lajak tayinlanganlarga ish tarixi, tarixi va asosiy sud falsafasi to'g'risida savollar berdi. U bunday odamlardan abort yoki boshqa biron bir boshqa holat bo'yicha ularning pozitsiyalari haqida so'ramadi.^[59]

Hakamlar hay'ati huquqlari

2007 yil 31 avgustda Palin hakamlar hay'ati kuni deklaratsiyasini imzoladi,^[60] sud majlisining qonuniy ko'rsatmalariga zid ravishda 2007 yil 5 sentyabrda oqlanishning 337 yilligi sifatida nishonlanadi. Uilyam Penn va Uilyam Mead, a keyin Quaker va'z, uchun noqonuniy yig'ilish.

Jinoyatchilik va zo'ravonlik

O'lim jazosi

Palin o'zini qo'llab-quvvatlaganligini e'lon qildi o'lim jazosi. U shunday dedi: "Agar qonun chiqaruvchi o'lim jazosi to'g'risidagi qonunni qabul qilsa, men uni imzolagan bo'lar edim. Biz bolani zo'rlagan va o'ldirgan yoki gunohsiz odamni o'ldirgan odam haydab otish boshqa hech qachon bunday qila olmaydi. "^[61]

Giyohvand moddalar

Palin dekriminallashtirish yoki qonuniylashtirishga qaratilgan harakatlarga qarshi marixuana, uning so'zlariga ko'ra, bolalarga noto'g'ri xabar yuboriladi.^[62] Palin to'liq qonuniylashtirishni qo'llab-quvvatlamaydi tibbiy nasha ammo "Men shifokorning saraton kasaliga yordam beradi deb ishonadigan narsasini tayinlashiga xalaqit bermayman" dedi.^[63] Palin marixuana ishlatganini tan oldi, garchi bir vaqtning o'zida bu davlat qonunchiligida qonuniy edi. Bundan tashqari, Palin uni ko'proq tashvishga solayotganini aytdi metamfetamin, u buni ko'proq ijtimoiy tahdid deb biladi.^[64]

Uning 2010 yil 12-iyun kuni paydo bo'lishi Freedom Watch, Palin marixuana qonuniylashtirilmasligi kerak bo'lsa-da, marixuana taqiqlanishi to'g'risidagi qonunlarning bajarilishini eng past darajaga ko'tarish kerakligi to'g'risida o'z pozitsiyasini batafsil bayon qildi: "Xo'sh, agar pot haqida gapiradigan bo'lsak, men potani legallashtirish uchun emasman, chunki menimcha bu shunchaki, ayniqsa, yoshlarimizni bundan oldin foydalanish va uni ishlatishni ma'qul deb o'ylashga undaydi va men bu uchun advokat emasman, ammo biz huquqni muhofaza qilish organlari faoliyatiga ustuvor ahamiyat berishimiz kerak deb o'ylayman. kimdir o'z uyida bo'g'im tutunini tortib oladi va boshqalarga hech qanday zarar etkazmaydi, shunda ehtimol bizning politsiyachilar qarashlari kerak bo'lgan boshqa narsalar ham bo'lishi kerak va biz jamiyatda mavjud bo'lgan boshqa ba'zi muammolarni tozalashga harakat qilishimiz kerak. huquqni muhofaza qilish idoralari bizda mavjud bo'lgan, nisbatan gapiradigan, minimal muammolarni amalga oshirishi va unga e'tibor qaratmasligi kerak. "^[65]

2012 yil 13 aprelda paydo bo'ldi Stossel, Palin mezbon bilan rozi emasligini tushuntirdi Jon Stossel giyohvand moddalarni legallashtirish mavzusida, ammo hukumat giyohvand moddalar to'g'risidagi qonunlarni birinchi o'ringa qo'yishi kerakligiga ishonishini takrorladi: "Siz bundan ham kuchli ozodlik kabi ba'zi bir masalalar bo'yicha mendan ko'ra ko'rish Giyohvand moddalarga qarshi urush. Giyohvand moddalarni iste'mol qilishni to'xtatish uchun qo'limizdan kelgan barcha ishni qilishda davom etishimiz kerak, deb hisoblayman, ayniqsa, yoshlarimiz bilan. Biroq, huquqni muhofaza qilish idoralari o'z vaqtlari va mablag'larini birinchi o'ringa qo'yib, uyiga chiqib ketishni va boshqa odamga hech qanday zarar etkazmaydigan biron bir odamni buzib tashlamasligini ko'rishni istayman. yomon odamlar va siz bilasizmi, jamiyatni shu tarzda xavfsiz saqlashga yordam berishga harakat qiling. Faqat birinchi o'ringa qo'ying; aqlni ishlating. "^[66]

2015 yil 19-noyabrdagi radio intervyusida Xyu Xyuitt, Peynindan bu haqda so'rashdi Alyaskada rekreatsion marixuanani qonuniylashtirish, unga javoban Peynin "Bizda shunday erkinlik bor va biz Alyaskada o'sganman, pot baribir qonuniy bo'lgan. Bu mutlaqo unchalik katta ish emas edi. Demoqchimanki, siz uni chekmadingiz, chunki ota-onangiz bo'g'ib o'ldirishadi". Agar siz hazilkash bo'lgan bo'lsangiz va siz bilsangiz, xristian yoshlar guruhiga borgan bo'lsangiz, shunchaki buni qilmadingiz, shunday emasmi? Va men bunga hali ham ishonaman. Ammo bizning janglarimizni tanlash haqida gap ketganda, ko'pchilik uchun marixuanani legallashtirish bizni Alyaskada hech qachon radar ekranida yorqin aks etgani yo'q edi, shuning uchun Alyaska saylovchilari uni legallashtirishga qaytganlarida bu meni ajablantirmadi, bir necha yillardan buyon u qonuniylashtirilmagan edi. milliy sahnada va "Vau, kurashish va kurashish kerak bo'lgan hamma narsalar to'g'risida" deb o'ylang. Ayniqsa, tibbiy marixuana haqida gap ketganda, men "Hmm. Bu mening chaqalog'im emas", deb o'ylayman. "^[67][68]

Noqonuniy immigratsiya

2008 yil 31 oktyabrda Palin muxbirga aytdi Greta Van Susteren chegaralarni yopish masalasida birinchi o'rinda turishi kerak noqonuniy immigratsiya. U rad etadi amnistiya federal qonunlarni buzgan noqonuniy muhojirlar uchun.^[69] Biroq, Palin noqonuniy muhojirlar uchun fuqarolik yo'lini qo'llab-quvvatlashini aytdi.^[70]

2009 yil 31-iyulda Palin a tvit u Alyaska shtati vakili tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan qonun loyihasini qo'llab-quvvatlaganligi Bob Lin bo'limga shaxsning AQSh fuqarosi, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari fuqarosi, yuridik shaxsning doimiy rezidenti ekanligi to'g'risida hujjatli dalillarni taqdim etmagan shaxsga davlat guvohnomasini yoki haydovchilik guvohnomasini berishni taqiqlaydi. Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari yoki AQShga begona bo'lgan shartli rezident. "^[71]

2009 yil 3 dekabrda radio bilan intervyu Rusty Humphries, Peynindan noqonuniy chet elliklar va ularning yopilishi haqidagi pozitsiyasini so'rashdi Meksika - AQSh chegarasi, u bunga javoban "Biz chegarani yopishimiz kerak. Ularni" noqonuniy musofirlar "deb atashadi, agar ular qoidalarga rioya qilmoqchi bo'lmasalar, ular bizning mamlakatimizda bo'lmasligi kerak."^[72]

2010 yil 28 apreldagi qism Hannity, Palin buni qo'llab-quvvatlashini bildirdi Bizning huquqni muhofaza qilish va xavfsiz qo'shnilar to'g'risidagi qonunni qo'llab-quvvatlang, bu jinoyatni davlat tomonidan sodir etilmagan jinoyatga aylantiradi begona federal qonunda ko'zda tutilgan ro'yxatga olish hujjatlarini olib yurmasdan Arizonada bo'lish va politsiya, agar boshqa biron bir kishi uchun politsiya to'xtashi paytida, odam noqonuniy begona ekanligiga shubha tug'ilsa, immigratsiya holatini aniqlashga urinishni talab qiladi. jinoyat.^[73] O'shandan beri Palin ma'qulladi Arizona Hokim Jan Brewer "Chegara xavfsizligini ta'minlash - Arizonani qo'llab-quvvatlash" aksiyasi.^[74]

2010 yil 9 iyuldagi qism O'Rayli faktori, Palin yana fuqarolikni qabul qilish yo'lini qo'llab-quvvatlashini ko'rsatdi, ammo noqonuniy sayyoraliklarga "yomon xulq-atvor uchun mukofot" berilmasligi kerakligiga aniqlik kiritdi: "Biz bundan keyin uni murakkablashtirmaymiz. Keling, sodda qilib aytaylik, va" yo'q ", agar siz bu erda bo'lsangiz. noqonuniy ravishda va siz immigratsiya islohoti orqali biz biron bir vaqtda biz sizga qandaydir tarzda ishlashga imkon beradigan qadamlarni bajarmayapsiz, agar buni qilmoqchi bo'lmasangiz, unda deportatsiya qilingan. Siz yo'q bo'lib ketasiz. " Peyn chegarani kuchaytirish birinchi o'rinda turishi kerakligini ta'kidlab, islohotlarga oid hozirgi urinishlar "tarixdan saboq" olishlari kerakligini aytdi amnistiya tomonidan berilgan Ronald Reygan, u "bot" deb ishongan. ^[75]

2011 yil 1-iyun kuni Palin DREAM Act, shartli taqdim etadigan qonun loyihasi doimiy yashash AQSh litseylarini bitirgan ba'zi noqonuniy va deportatsiya qilinadigan chet ellik talabalarga yaxshi axloqiy xususiyat, qonuniy yoki noqonuniy ravishda voyaga etmaganlar sifatida AQShga kelgan va mamlakatda qonun loyihasi qabul qilinganidan oldin kamida besh yil davomida bo'lgan: "O'tmishda immigrantlar ular AQShga aylanish uchun tom ma'noda va majoziy ma'noda navbatda turishlari va qoidalarga rioya qilishlari kerak edi. Men buni davom ettirishini istardim, ammo afsuski, Dream Act qonuni sifatida bu erda bo'lishni istagan muhojirlarga qattiq mehnat qilish, ishlab chiqarish va daromad etkazib berishni istash uchun tizim, ya'ni qonuniy tizim. va ularning oilalari uchun resurslar, ular buni to'g'ri va qonuniy ravishda bajara olishadi. Afsuski, DREAM harakati bunga erisha olmaydi. "^[76]

2013 yil 15-iyun kuni Palin manzilni etkazib berdi E'tiqod va ozodlik koalitsiyasi Ko'pchilikka yo'l konferentsiyasi. U buni qoraladi Chegara xavfsizligi, iqtisodiy imkoniyatlar va 2013 yilgi immigratsiyani modernizatsiya qilish to'g'risidagi qonun sifatida "qoidabuzarlarni buzish, mukofotlash, chegara xavfsizligi yo'q, maxsus foizlar bilan yozilgan amnistiya to'g'risidagi qonun". Shuningdek, u bunday qonun loyihasini qo'llab-quvvatlashdan ogohlantirdi, chunki ispan muhojirlarining tug'ilish darajasi yuqoriroq va "qatorda bo'lishni, qonunlarga rioya qilishni va amerikalik bo'lishni xohlaydigan mehnatsevar, mas'uliyatli oilalarni rag'batlantirishning boshqa usullari mavjud. bizning tuproqdagi birinchi harakatimiz qonunni buzishdir. "^[77][78]

Iqtisodiy masalalar

Palin o'zini a fiskal konservativ. Da Respublika milliy anjumani, Peyninning ta'kidlashicha, "Men ofisga sarf-xarajatlarni nazorat qilishni va'da qilib keldim - iloji bo'lsa iltimos bilan va kerak bo'lsa veto qo'yib ... Men davlatga yonilg'i solig'ini to'xtatdim va Kongress tomonidan maqsadli sarf-xarajatlarni suiiste'mol qilishni to'xtatish uchun kurashdim".^[79]

Gubernator bo'lganidan ko'p o'tmay, Palin tashqarida 11 kilometrlik (18 km) shag'al yo'l qurish uchun shartnomani bekor qildi. Juneau minaga^[80] va davlatni sotgan Westwind II tomonidan sotib olingan samolyot Frank Murkovskiy qonunchilik organining xohishiga qarshi ma'muriyat.^[81] Gubernator sifatida u 2008 yil uchun davlat byudjetini 231 million dollarga qisqartirdi. 36 ta elektron jadvalni qamrab olgan vetolar, byudjet dastlab juda ko'p sarf-xarajatlarni aks ettiradi, deb ishonganlarning maqtoviga sazovor bo'ldi, ammo Peynni g'azab haddan oshib ketdi, deb hisoblaganlar.^[82] 231 million dollarlik qisqartirishlar 300 dan ortiq mahalliy loyihalarni, shu jumladan, Ankoric portini kengaytirish va Olov-Aylend shamol energiyasi loyihasini namoyish etdi.^[83]

Yordam

2008 yil sentyabr oyida bunga javoban Keti Kurik Amerika boshqasiga kirishi mumkinmi degan savol Katta depressiya holda 700 milliard dollarlik yordam "Pelin," Afsuski, Amerika bu yo'lni bosib o'tishi mumkin. Bu taklif qilinganidek, o'tishi shart emas yoki biz boshqa Buyuk Depressiyaga tushib qolishimiz shart emas. Ammo, albatta, bo'lishi kerak harakat - ikki tomonlama sa'y-harakatlar - Kongress bir-biriga barmoqlarini ko'rsatmay, balki buning echimini topadi, choralar ko'radi va islohotlarga jiddiy munosabatda bo'ladi Uoll-strit kerak. "^[84]

Earmarks

Palin shahar hokimi bo'lgan Vasilla, shahar federalni ta'minlashga yordam berish uchun lobbi kompaniyasiga yiliga $ 24,000 dan $ 36,000 to'lagan quloqchinlar shahar uchun. Peynning o'zi Vashingtonga shtat kongressi delegatsiyasidan ko'proq maqsadlarni so'rash uchun borgan. Tomonidan ko'rib chiqilgan Soliq to'lovchilarning fikri uchun nodavlat guruh bo'lgan Vasilya (6700 nafar aholi istiqomat qiluvchi shahar) Palinning so'nggi to'rt yillik faoliyati davomida 26,9 million dollarlik quloqlardan foyda ko'rdi.^[85][86] Tomonidan xabar berishicha ABC News Biroq, Vasilla to'g'ridan-to'g'ri 7,95 million dollar olgan va 26,9 million dollar bu miqdorga tegishli Matanuska-Susitna tumani qabul qildi.^[87]

2005 yil byudjet yilida Alyaska gubernatori Frank Murkovskiy maqsadli maqsadlar uchun 550 million dollar so'ragan edi.^[88] 2008 yilgi byudjet yilida Palin 256 million dollarlik minalash vositalarini qidirib topdi va 2009 yilgi byudjet uchun Palin Alaskan senatoriga jami 197 million dollar bo'lgan 31 ta taklif qilingan qulflar ro'yxatini taqdim etdi. Ted Stivens.^[89][90][91] 2010 moliya yilining byudjeti uchun, iste'foga chiqishdan oldin oxirgi marta, Palin 69,1 million dollarlik sakkizta quloqchin so'radi.^[92]

Uy-joy masalalari

2008 yil 6-sentabrda Palin ipoteka moliyalashtirish gigantlari deb ta'kidladi Fanni Mey va Freddi Mak "soliq to'lovchilar uchun juda katta va juda qimmatga tushishdi. Makkeyn-Peyn ma'muriyati ularni kichikroq va aqlli qiladi va yordamga muhtoj uy egalari uchun yanada samarali qiladi."^[93]

Sog'liqni saqlash

Palin qo'llab-quvvatlaydi erkin bozor raqobat Sog'liqni saqlash va bemorlarga tibbiy narxlar to'g'risidagi ma'lumotlardan yaxshiroq foydalanish imkoniyatini beruvchi qonunlar. 2008 yilda Palin ish beruvchilarni tibbiy sug'urtalash uchun imtiyozlarni ko'rib chiqayotganini aytdi. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, o'zgarishlarga sog'lomroq bo'lish uchun "ko'proq shaxsiy mas'uliyatni o'z zimmasiga olishga qaror qilgan" fuqarolar ham kirishi kerak.^[94] A Wall Street Journal tahririyat, Palin a foydasiga bahslashdi sog'liqni saqlashga erkin bozor munosabati shu jumladan tartibga solish, sud islohoti va "ta'minlash Medicare o'z qamrovini sotib olishga imkon beradigan vaucherlari bo'lgan oluvchilar. "^[95] 2008 yil aprel oyida Palinning "Sog'liqni saqlash to'g'risida qarorlar kuni" deb e'lon qilinishi, "bu sog'liqni saqlash bo'yicha qarorlarni rejalashtirish zarurligi to'g'risida jamoatchilik xabardorligini oshirish uchun mo'ljallangan" deb ta'kidlagan edi. hayotni tugatish va bemorlar o'zlari uchun gapira olmasalar va ulardan aniq foydalanishni rag'batlantira olmasalar, tibbiy qarorlarni qabul qilish oldindan ko'rsatmalar ushbu muhim sog'liqni saqlash qarorlarini etkazish. "^[96]

O'lim panellari

Peynin yozgan va Facebook-dagi sahifasiga joylashtirgan maqolalarga kiradi Hozirgi sog'liqni saqlash bo'yicha munozaralar to'g'risida bayonot^[97] (2009 yil 7-avgust) va "O'lim panellari" haqida^[98] (2009 yil 12-avgust). U Nyu-York shtati senatining qarish komissiyasiga qilgan bayonotida o'lim panellarini ham eslatib o'tdi ".^[99] va a Wall Street Journal tahririyat,^[95] Har ikkisi ham 2009 yil 8 sentyabrda. Palin Obamaning fikri haqida fikr bildirdi sog'liqni saqlash tizimini isloh qilish rejalari, qisman birinchi maqolada bayon etilgan:

Demokratlar hukumat sog'liqni saqlash tizimi sog'liqni saqlash xarajatlarini kamaytiradi, deb va'da berishadi, ammo iqtisodchi sifatida Tomas Souell davlat sog'liqni saqlash xarajatlarini kamaytirmasligini ta'kidladi; bu shunchaki xarajatlarni to'lashdan bosh tortadi. Va ratsionga g'amxo'rlik qilishganda kim ko'proq azob chekadi? Albatta, kasallar, qariyalar va nogironlar. Men biladigan va sevadigan Amerika bu ota-onam yoki chaqalog'im bilan birga emas Daun sindromi Obamaning "o'lim guruhi" oldida turishi kerak, shuning uchun uning mutasaddilari o'zlarining "jamiyatdagi mahsuldorlik darajasi" ning sub'ektiv qaroriga asoslanib, ular sog'liqni saqlashga loyiqmi yoki yo'qligini hal qilishlari mumkin. Bunday tizim to'g'ridan-to'g'ri yovuzlikdir.^[97]

2009 yil avgust oyida Palinning vakili Palinning "o'lim guruhi" bayonotlariga ishora qilganini aytdi HR 3200 Oldindan parvarish qilishni rejalashtirish bo'yicha maslahat 425-bet.^[100][101] Ga binoan PolitiFact, "Palin maslahat berish aniq majburiy emasligini, ammo amalda shunday bo'lishini tan olgandek tuyuladi." PolitiFact "" Vakillar palatasidagi qonun loyihasidagi umrini oxiriga etkazadigan maslahat sessiyalari ixtiyoriy "degan xulosaga keldi.^[102]

Bu haqda Palin o'zining matbuot kotibi orqali ommaviy axborot vositalariga ma'lum qildi^[103] va uning Facebook-dagi sahifasiga uchta xabar^[97][98][99] haqida bayonotlar Hizqiyel Emanuil uning o'lim guruhining sharhlariga sabab bo'lgan. Ushbu bayonotlar birinchi tomonidan qilingan Betsi Makkey,^{[104][105][106]} va TIME tomonidan kontekst etishmayotgan deb ta'riflangan,^[107] va PolitiFact va FactCheck tomonidan yolg'on evtanaziya da'volari.^[108][109]

2009 yil noyabr oyining boshlarida Palin boshqalarning "o'lim paneli" ni rad etishlariga qaramay, sog'liqni saqlash qonunchiligi ovoz bergan AQSh Vakillar palatasi "hukumat sog'liqni saqlash xizmatini kim olishlari to'g'risida tortishuvlarni chaqiradigan byurokratik panellarni majburiy ravishda ta'minlaydigan" qoidaga ega edi.^[110] Bilan intervyuda Barbara Uolters, Palin sog'liqni saqlash to'g'risidagi qonun loyihalarining hech birida so'zlarning haqiqiy juftligi mavjud emasligini tan oldi; "Yo'q, o'lim guruhi yo'q".^[111] 2009 yil noyabr oyida, u "o'lim panellari" atamasini qanday o'ylab topganligi to'g'risida savolga, Palin shunday dedi: "Men uchun, qonun loyihasining ushbu qismini o'qiyotganimda, shunchalik ravshanki, qaror qabul qiladigan byurokratlar hay'ati bo'ladi. sog'liqni saqlash darajalari, hukumat tomonidan nazorat qilinadigan ba'zi qamrovni olishga loyiq yoki loyiq bo'lmaganlar to'g'risida qaror qabul qiling, chunki sog'liqni saqlash, agar hammaga va'da qilingan bo'lsa, ratsion belgilanishi kerak edi, bu davlat yordamini olmaydigan ko'plab odamlarga zarar etkazishiga olib keladi. Bu, albatta, o'limga olib keladi. " Shuningdek, Palin "Men ushbu qarorlarni qabul qilgan panelni ta'riflashda foydalanadigan atamani so'zma-so'z qabul qilmaslik kerak" deb aniqlik kiritdi.^[63]Keyinchalik Palin tibbiy ko'rsatmalarning qayta ko'rib chiqilishini aytdi bachadon bo'yni va ko'krak bezi saratoni "parvarishlash" ni esga oldi va u "Vashington sog'liqni saqlash tizimini hukumat nazorati ostiga olish bilan nimani yodda tutganini" shubha ostiga qo'ydi.^[112][113]

Ijtimoiy Havfsizlik

2010 yil 6-oktabrda Palin jurnalistlar bilan suhbatlashdi va shu haqida savol berdi Ijtimoiy Havfsizlik. Uning so'zlariga ko'ra, "[bugun] ba'zi bir qat'iy qarorlar qabul qilinishi kerak. Tomas Peyn, bizning biri Ta'sischilar, 'Agar biror muammo bo'lsa, mening kunim bo'lsin, toki bolam tinch bo'lsin' degan edi.^[114] O'sha paytda u nimani nazarda tutgan edi, bizning avlodimizda ba'zi qurbonliklar qilinishi kerak, degan umid bo'lishi kerak edi, shunda kelajak avlodlar biz o'sib-ulg'ayishimiz va rivojlanishimiz uchun imkoniyatlarga ega bo'lishlari uchun bizning xususiy sektorimiz bo'lishi kerak edi. ish o'rinlari yaratishda xususiy sektor eng yaxshi qiladigan ishni qila oladi. Ha, qabul qilinishi kerak bo'lgan ba'zi amaliy ishlar bilan, bu erda ba'zi qarorlar, ehtimol o'zgarishi mumkin, ehtimol keyingi yillarda, bugungi kunda pensiya ta'minotiga ishonganlarga salbiy ta'sir ko'rsatmaydi, masalan, Ijtimoiy ta'minot bo'yicha imtiyozlar, ammo o'zgaruvchan, kelgusi yillarda bu huquq. Bu biz gaplashishni boshlash uchun etarlicha jasur, jasoratli narsa bo'lishi kerak. "^[115]

Soliqlar

2008 yil 18 sentyabrda nutq Sidar-Rapids, Ayova, Deydi Palin, "Bizning raqiblarimiz, ularning soliqlarni oshirish borasida g'alati g'oyalari bor. Ularga, soliqlarni oshirish - va Jo Bayden bugun takrorladi - soliqlarni oshirish vatanparvarlik bilan bog'liq. Qolgan Amerika uchun bu vatanparvarlik emas. Soliqlarni oshirish bu ish joylarini o'ldirish va kichik korxonalarga zarar etkazish va vaziyatni yanada yomonlashtirishdir. Gap hech kimning vatanparvarligi haqida emas - u haqida Barak Obama yomon hukm. "^[116]

Shahar hokimi sifatida, daromadning ikki foizidan foydalangan holda savdo solig'i u saylanishidan oldin qabul qilingan, Palin mol-mulk solig'ini 75 foizga qisqartirdi va shaxsiy mol-mulk va biznes inventarizatsiya soliqlarini bekor qildi.^[117] Shuningdek, Palin yangi sport majmuasi uchun to'lash uchun saylovchilar tomonidan tasdiqlangan shahar savdo solig'i miqdorining 0,5 foizga oshirilishini qo'llab-quvvatladi.^[118] Gubernator sifatida Palin neft kompaniyalari foydasiga soliqni oshirishga yordam berdi, garchi u bunga qarshi bo'lsa ham Yo'qotilgan foyda solig'i senator tomonidan taklif qilingan Barak Obama.^[119][120]

Energiya va atrof-muhit

Energetika bo'limi

- dedi Palin Newsweek u yangilanishni yoki hatto yo'q qilishni yoqtiradi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Energetika vazirligi, boshqalar bilan birga Kabinet - darajalarni kamaytirish uchun bo'limlar Federal qarz. "Bu shunday katta islohotlarni amalga oshirish juda qiyin va juda qiyin. Ammo buni amalga oshirish mumkin", - deydi u.^[121]

Tabiiy gaz quvuri

In June 2008, Palin stated that she would work to create jobs by building a pipeline to bring North Slope natural gas to North American markets.^[122] In her acceptance speech at the GOP in September 2008, Palin stated: "I fought to bring about the largest private-sector infrastructure project in North American history," "And when that deal was struck, we began a nearly forty billion dollars natural gas pipeline to help lead America to energy independence." TransCanada projects the pipeline to be operational by late 2018, barring unforeseen obstacles.^[123]

Atom energiyasi

As part of her written comments in July 2009 regarding Obama's cap-and-trade energy plan, Palin included that "... every state can consider the possibility of atom energiyasi ".^[124] This includes new model atom reaktorlari, such as those developed by Hyperion quvvatini ishlab chiqarish, such as the deployment of a 225MW reactor for Alaska.^[125] Furthermore, she supports the overhaul of nuclear regulatory regime to allow the ready deployment of these new, smaller, nuclear reactors.

Oil and gas development

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Map: 1002 Area, the proposed drilling area

As governor, Palin strongly promoted moy and natural gas resource development in Alaska, and advocates exposing the Arktika milliy yovvoyi tabiat qo'riqxonasi to drilling,^[126] controverting McCain's position.^[127]

Bilan intervyuda Vaqt in 2008, Palin argued that energetik mustaqillik orqali ANWR drilling was essential to reducing American dependence on hostile foreign regimes.^[128] "We need to drill, drill, drill," she told the Wall Street Journal; she argues that "ANWR is only the size of the Los-Anjeles aeroporti, and drilling there isn't environmentally destructive."^[129]To assuage a fear that oil and gas development would be hampered by the listing of polar bears as a threatened species, Palin tried to sue the US government.^[129]

Palin told RealClearPolitics on May 31, 2011, that she supports the elimination of all energy subsidiyalar, such those for etanol: "I think that all of our energy subsidies need to be relooked at today and eliminated, and we need to make sure that we're investing and allowing our businesses to invest in reliable energy products right now that aren't going to necessitate subsidies because, bottom line, we can't afford it." She continued, "We've got to allow the free market to dictate what's most efficient and economical for our nation's economy. No, at this time, our country can't afford the subsidies. Before, though, we even start arguing about some of these domestic subsidies that need to be eliminated – should be – we need to look at ending subsidies and loans to foreign countries and their energy production that we're relying on, like Brazil."^[130]

Global isish

After saying that Global isish would affect Alaska more than any other state, Palin added: "I'm not one...who would attribute it to being man-made."^[131] But she has not completely ruled it out: "Show me where I have ever said that there's absolute proof that nothing that man has ever conducted or engaged in has had any effect or no effect on Iqlim o'zgarishi. I have not said that."^[132][133]

On September 14, 2007, Palin signed an administrative order creating a Climate Change Sub-Cabinet charged with preparing a climate change strategy for Alaska.^[134] Palin ignored requests to establish an Alaska Office on Climate Change, an Alaska Climate Response Fund, and emissions reduction targets.^[135] Within her executive order, Palin described warming as a "global challenge" and sought "opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from Alaska sources, including the expanded use of [[alternative fuel],]s, energy conservation, energy efficiency, renewable energy, land use management, and transportation planning."^[136] In April 2009 Palin acknowledged that "Simply waiting for low-carbon-emitting renewable capacity to be large enough will mean that it will be too late to meet the mitigation goals for reducing [carbon dioxide] that will be required under most credible climate-change models."^[137] But in December 2009, she wrote, "their economic costs far outweigh any potential benefits of proposed emissions reduction policies."^[138]

Suv

While governor, Palin opposed The Alaska Clean Water Act stating that "very stringent regulations and policies [were] already in place."^[139]The Clean Water Initiative was voted on as Ballot Measure 4 on August 26, 2008,^[140] and lost by a vote of about 57 percent against and 43 percent for the measure.^[141] The measure was designed to impose higher water quality standards on a large scale mining operation, known as the Pebble koni, yaqin Bristol ko'rfazi, which were designed to prevent pollution from entering some of the world's most productive Sockeye ikra ishlaydi.^{[142][143][144]} The Pebble Mine is primarily a large open-pit mine which will extract copper and gold ore, resulting in runoff from the mine finding its way into salmon streams and drinking water, copper dust, in particular, being poisonous, even in low quantities, to fish.^[145]

Palin voiced her opposition to Measure 4, which, according to the Alaska constitution, could be construed as being unconstitutional since a governor is not by law allowed to advocate either for or against any ballot measure.^[146][147] "Let me take my governor's hat off for just a minute here and tell you, personally, Prop 4- I vote no on that", she said. "I have all the confidence in the world that (the Department of Environmental Conservation) and our (Department of Natural Resources) has great, very stringent regulations and policies in place. We're going to make sure that mines only operate safely, soundly."^[148][149]

The Pebble Mine is a finite resource that will employ 5,500 people and bring $200 million in tax revenue a year to the state. Go'shti Qizil baliq fishing, a naturally renewable resource each year, employs 12,000 people in the Bristol Bay region alone and contributes $250 million each year to the economy.^[150] Many fishermen, environmentalists, naturalists, native Alaskans, residents and nature lovers, among many others, both in Alaska and worldwide, fear that pollution from the mine will destroy the salmon runs as well as the sometimes rare and very diverse wildlife that thrives there.^{[146][151][152]}

Haddan tashqari baliq ovlash

On April 13, 2012, appearance on Stossel, Palin related how, as a commercial fisherman, she saw firsthand how Yapon baliq ovlash trollari were responsible for "pretty much raping the bottom of the ocean floor before there was strict regulation on overfishing, and these Japanese trawlers, with 20-mile long nets, being able to overfish and then waste the bycatch. The rest of us, like commercial fishermen, we sit there saying, 'Well, pretty soon, there's not going to be a species left for us to help feed the rest of the world.'" Host Jon Stossel referred to such abusive fishing practices as an example of the jamoat fojiasi and suggested giving different groups private rights over different parts of the ocean.^[153]

Predator control

In 2007, Palin supported the Alyaskaning baliq va ov bo'limi policy allowing Alaska the hunting of bo'rilar from helicopters as part of a predator control program intended to increase buloq va karibu populyatsiyalar.^[154] The Program has come under criticism, and legal actions from wildlife activists stating the purpose of the program is to increase the numbers of prey species to unsustainable levels for sport hunters, residents, and non-residents of Alaska.

In May 2007, Palin introduced Bill 256 to streamline the Predator Program^[155] and make it more difficult for conservation groups to sue the State. Critics of the Bill claimed it removed scientific standards and claimed the programs are expensive and not effective.^[156]

Yo'qolib borayotgan turlari

Polar ayiqlar

In December 2007, Palin wrote an opinion column in which she described her opposition to the listing of oq ayiqlar kabi tahdid ostida bo'lgan turlar ostida Yo'qolib ketish xavfi ostida bo'lgan turlar to'g'risidagi qonun.^[157] In it she also stated that the polar bear population is more numerous now than 40 years ago and "there is insufficient evidence of polar bears becoming extinct in the foreseeable future".^[158] Keyin Dirk Kemphorn, the Republican Secretary of the Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Ichki ishlar vazirligi listed the bear as tahdid qildi on May 14, 2008, Palin (representing the state of Alaska) sued the federal government, claiming that the listing would adversely affect energy development in the bears' habitat off Alaska's northern and northwestern coasts, while again questioning the scientific basis for the listing.^[159][160]

Palin claimed that scientists found no ill effects of global warming on the polar bear, a claim disputed by Alaskan state scientists^[161] and environmental groups.^[159]

Beluga kitlari

Kuk kirish joyi stretches 180 miles (290 km) from the Alyaska ko'rfazi ga Anchorage janubiy-markaziy Alyaskada.^[162]

Palin opposed strengthening protections for beluga kitlari in Alaska's Cook Inlet.^[163] She cited state scientists who claimed that hunting was the only factor causing the whales' decline and that the hunting had been effectively controlled through cooperative agreements with Alaska Native organizations.^[164] Recent research states that hunting controls have halted the decline of beluga whales in Cook's Inlet but that the population remains severely depleted and at high risk of extinction.^[165][166] Federal scientists do not attribute the decline in the Cook Inlet beluga population to human pollution.^[165] The Cook Inlet Beluga Whale was declared an endangered species by the Bush Administration on October 17, 2008.^[167][168]

Mudofaa

On her first trip overseas, Palin visited Alaskan troops deployed to Iroq; told how much they missed hunting and fishing, she signed a law in June 2008 that grants free hunting, trapping and fishing licenses to members of the Alyaska milliy gvardiyasi and reserve.^[169]

As Governor of Alaska, Palin criticized proposed Obama administration cuts to missile defense programs, in response to Shimoliy Koreya "s April 5, 2009 rocket test.^[170][171] In May 2009, North Korea conducted a series of short-range missile tests. Military experts believe a long-range missile could reach Alaska, where part of the United States' missile defense system is located. Palin called for the full restoration of Raketadan mudofaa agentligi funding "to guarantee our protective measures remain the best in the world." The Mudofaa vazirligi had recommended not moving forward with a planned expansion of the missile defense system at Fort-Glili in that year's budget. Palin disagreed: "Fort Greely plays a crucial role in the nation's security."^[172]

In a September 23, 2009, speech in Hong Kong, Palin said that "we need to maintain a strong defense" even in our current economic difficulties.^[173] She expressed her opposition to ending production of the F-22 Raptor qiruvchi samolyotlar va FZR 17 yuk samolyoti.^[174]

So'ramang, aytmang

During an interview on February 7, 2010, Fox News yakshanba mezbon Kris Uolles asked Palin if she supported the repeal of "so'ramang, aytmang," the United States military policy which restricts efforts to discover or reveal closeted gay, lesbian, and bisexual service members or applicants, while barring those who are openly gay, lesbian, or bisexual from military service. Palin responded, "I don't think so right now. I was surprised that the President spent time on that in his State of the Union speech when he only spent about 9 percent of his time in the State of the Union on national security issues. And I say that because there are other things to be worried about right now with the military. I think that kind of on the back burner is sufficient for now. To put so much time and effort and politics into it – unnecessary."^[175]

Tashqi siyosat

Afg'oniston

Palin believes that "We can win in Afg'oniston " and "we must do what it takes to prevail. The stakes are very high." She urged Obama to "devote the resources necessary in Afghanistan" and pledged to support him if he made the "right" decision.^[173]

Iroq

Palin supported the Bush ma'muriyati 's policies in Iroq, but was concerned that "dependence on foreign energy " may be obstructing efforts to "have an exit plan in place".^{[176][177][178][179]}

Iran, Syria

In the September 2008 CBS interview,^[180] Palin criticized Barack Obama for saying he would meet with leaders of Suriya va Eron without preconditions. Reminded by the interviewer that Genri Kissincer, whom Palin had recently met, supports direct diplomacy with both countries, Palin responded: "I've never heard Henry Kissinger say, 'Yeah, I'll meet with these leaders without preconditions being met.' "^[180][181] Five days earlier Kissinger had made a televised statement of his position regarding Iran: "I am in favor of negotiating with Iran...[and] I do not believe that we can make conditions for the opening of negotiations."^[182] However, Kissinger does not advocate negotiations at the presidential level.^[183]

Davomida 2008 yil vitse-prezidentlik debati on October 2, 2008, Palin stated that "A leader like Eron Prezident Mahmud Ahmadinajod, who is not sane or stable when he says things like that, is not one whom we can allow acquiring nuclear energy, yadro qurollari." She also further criticized Obama's proposal in 2007 to meet with Ahmadinejad without preconditions, stating that such an action "is downright dangerous because leaders like Ahmadinejad, who would seek to acquire nuclear weapons and wipe off the face of the Earth an ally as we have in Isroil, should not be met with without preconditions and diplomatic efforts being undertaken first."^[184]

In her June 2013 address to the Faith and Freedom Coalition's Road to Majority Conference, Palin declared her opposition to American involvement in the ongoing Suriyadagi fuqarolar urushi: "Militarily, where is our Commander-in-Chief? We're talking now about more new interventions. I say, until we know what we're doing, until we have a Commander-in-Chief who knows what he's doing, well, Chief, in these radical Islamic countries who aren't even respecting basic human rights, where both sides are slaughtering each other as they scream over an arbitrary red line, 'Allah Akbar,' I say, until we have someone who knows what they're doing, I say, let Alloh sort it out!"^[77][78] "Allah Akbar " is usually translated "God is Great" and used in various contexts by Muslims; "Alloh " is the Arabic word for Xudo.

Isroil

In a meeting on September 2, 2008, with leaders of the Amerika Isroil jamoatchilik bilan aloqalar qo'mitasi (AIPAC), a pro-Israel lobby, Palin stated that she would "work to expand and deepen the strategic partnership between U.S. and Isroil."^[185] Following the meeting, an AIPAC spokesman stated that Palin had "expressed her deep, personal, and lifelong commitment to the safety and well-being of Israel."^[186] Palin also stated, in reference to a possible nuclear threat dan Eron, that: "Let there be no doubt: I will always keep the threat of military action on the table to defend our security and our ally Israel.",^[187][188]

Bilan intervyuda ABC News langar Charlz Gibson, Palin stated that she would not "second-guess" Israeli military action against Iran.^[189][190]

Davomida 2008 yil vitse-prezidentlik debati, Palin expressed support for a ikki holatli echim to the conflict between Israel and the Falastinliklar, pledged to move the U.S. Embassy from Tel-Aviv ga Quddus and reiterated her support for Israel's survival. Specifically, Palin stated that "Israel is our strongest and best ally in the Middle East. We have to assure them that we will never allow a second Holocaust, despite, again, warnings from Iran and any other country that would seek to destroy Israel, that that is what they would like to see. We will support Israel. A two-state solution, building our embassy, also, in Jerusalem, those things that we look forward to being able to accomplish, with this peace-seeking nation, and they have a track record of being able to forge these peace agreements." Kelsak Jo Bayden 's support for Israel, Palin stated that "I'm so encouraged to know that we both love Israel, and I think that is a good thing to get to agree on, Senator Biden. I respect your position on that."^[184][191]

In November 2009, Palin expressed her support for the expansion of Isroil aholi punktlari in Palestinian territories,^[192] a position contrary to that of every U.S. presidential administration in the past 40 years.^[193] Bilan intervyuda Barbara Uolters, Palin stated, "I believe that the Jewish settlements should be allowed to be expanded upon, because that population of Israel is going to grow. More and more Jewish people will be flocking to Israel in the days and weeks and months ahead. And I don't think that the Obama administration has any right to tell Israel that the Jewish settlements cannot expand."^[192][193]

On March 5, 2011, Palin stated that the United States should refrain from cutting off tashqi yordam to Israel while eliminating "waste and fraud" and "inefficiencies": "I don't support that kind of foreign aid at all, but when it comes to Israel – No... I stand strong with Israel, and unapologetically I say that America should keep this strong democratic ally that we have there in the Middle East and allow for protections around Israel."^[194]

On May 23, 2011, Palin reiterated her opposition to President Obama's statement that an independent Palestine is based on the borders of 1967, before the Yom Kippur urushi in which Israel occupied Sharqiy Quddus, G'arbiy Sohil va G'azo sektori. Palin questioned whether Obama's call for a "sovereign and contiguous" Palestinian state could mean "carving Israel in half" and echoed Mustaqil, which asked, "Was the President implying that the new, improved Israel will border neither Iordaniya na Misr, as it does now? Would Palestine's contiguous territory come at the expense of Israel's? Would Israel get the Gaza Strip and the O'rta er dengizi and Palestine get the Negev va a Qizil dengiz port?"^[195]

Liviya

On February 22, 2011, Palin criticized what she felt was the Obama administration's slow response to Muammar Qaddafiy "s violent response uchun 2011 yil Liviyada fuqarolar urushi va shunday dedi "NATO and our allies should look at establishing a uchish taqiqlangan hudud so Libyan air forces cannot continue slaughtering the Libyan people."^[196]

Palin has since been critical of Obama's handling of the United States' military role in the 2011 yil Liviyadagi harbiy aralashuv. On April 16, 2011, she said Obama "willfully ignored the will of the American people... when you got us into a third war for fuzzy and inconsistent reasons, a third war that we cannot afford."^[197] She further criticized him on April 26, demanding Obama "step up and justify our Libyan involvement, or Americans are going to demand you pull out." She continued, "Simply put, what are we doing there? You've put us in a strategic no man's land. If Gaddafi's got to go, then tell NATO our continued participation hinges on this: We strike hard, and Gaddafi will be gone. If, as you and your spokesmen suggest, we're not to tell Libya what to do when it comes to that country's leadership, and if you can't explain to Americans why we're willing to protect Libyan resources and civilians but not Syria's, Yemen's, Bahrain's, Egypt's, Israel's, etc., then there is no justification for U.S. human and fiscal resources to be spent."^[198]

Keyingi Tripoli jangi, Palin celebrated Gaddafi's defeat but cautioned against "triumphalism" and warned that the future Libyan government might not be democratic. She supported "work[ing] through diplomatic means to help those who want democracy to come out on top." Palin also said the United States should not commit "troops or military assets to serve as peacekeepers or perform humanitarian missions or nation-building in Libya. Our military is already over-committed and strained, and a vaguely designed mission can be the first step toward a quagmire."^[199]

NATO, Russia, Georgia, and Ukraine

Palin has said that the former Sovet davlatlari Gruziya va Ukraina should be admitted into NATO, and that if Rossiya invaded a NATO signatory country, the United States should be prepared to go to war in that country's defense.^[190][200]

Palin opposes Yangi START, a bilateral yadro qurolini kamaytirish treaty between the United States and the Russian Federation. She argued that the treaty is "one-sided" because it "actually requires the U.S. to reduce our nuclear weapons and allows the Russians to increase theirs." Palin further stated that the treaty's link between offensive and defensive weapons "virtually guarantees that either we limit our missile defenses or the Russians will withdraw from the treaty."^[201][202]

Chet el yordami

Palin criticized President Obama for committing $2 billion to Misr 's new government as part of a $20 billion aid package pledged at the G8 sammiti ga Arab bahori davlatlar.^[203] She noted Egypt's "history of corruption when it comes to utilizing American aid" and the possibility of the Musulmon birodarlar taking the reins of Egypt's government. "Throwing borrowed money around is not sound economic policy. And throwing borrowed money around the developing world is not sound foreign policy," Palin said. "Foreign assistance should go to American allies that need it and appreciate it, and for humanitarian purposes when it can truly make a difference."^[204]

Shuningdek qarang

• Sara Peynning gubernatorligi
• Mayoralty of Sarah Palin
• Jon Makkeynning siyosiy pozitsiyalari
• Barak Obamaning siyosiy pozitsiyalari
• Jo Baydenning siyosiy pozitsiyalari

Adabiyotlar

Tashqi havolalar

• Masalalar to'g'risida - Sara Peyninning nashr pozitsiyalari va iqtiboslari
• Sara Peylin yangiliklar portali Anchorage Daily News