NYC feribot - NYC Ferry

NYC feribot

Parom Tushlik qutisi 2017 yil may oyida amalga oshirilmoqda.
Mahalliy	Nyu-York shahri
Suv yo'li	Atlantika okeani, Sharqiy daryo, Yamayka ko'rfazi, Pastroq va Yuqori Koylar
Tranzit turi	Yo'lovchi parom
Egasi	Nyu-York shahrining iqtisodiy rivojlanish korporatsiyasi
Operator	Hornblower kruizlari
Operatsiya boshlandi	2017 yil 1-may (2017 yil 1-may)
Chiziqlar soni	5 ta xizmatda 1 mavsumiy 2 rejalashtirilgan 1 ta to'xtatildi
Kemalar soni	31[1]
Terminallar soni	21 (5 ta rejalashtirilgan)
Kundalik chavandozlik	10,000 (2019 yil 1-choragida)[2]
Veb-sayt	Rasmiy veb-sayt

NYC feribot ning tarmog'i parom yo'nalishlar Nyu-York shahri tomonidan boshqariladi Hornblower kruizlari. 2020 yil sentyabr oyidan boshlab^[yangilash], beshta marshrut, shuningdek, 21 ta parom plyajini birlashtirgan bitta mavsumiy yo'nalish mavjud Bronks, Bruklin, Manxetten va Malika. NYC Ferry-da jami 31 ta kemalar mavjud bo'lib, ular har bir yo'nalishda yarim soatdan bir soatgacha xizmat ko'rsatishadi. 2019 yil may oyidan boshlab^[yangilash], ikkita qo'shimcha marshrut va beshta yangi tirgak rejalashtirilgan; kengayish tizimni kengaytirishi mumkin edi Staten oroli, faqat Nyu-York shahri NYC Ferry tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatilmaydi.

Nyu-York feribotidan oldin u erda paromlar ko'p bo'lgan Sharqiy daryo va Hudson daryosi, garchi 1960 yillarga kelib, daryolar bo'ylab avtomobil va temir yo'l tranzitining ommabopligi tufayli shahar bo'ylab deyarli barcha paromlar qatnovi to'xtatilgan edi. Nyu-York shahridagi paromlar 1980 va 1990 yillarda jonlanishni ko'rdi. Ushbu so'nggi paromlarning ta'sirini ko'rsatgan 2011 va 2013 yillarda olib borilgan ikkita tadqiqotlar natijasida shahar 2013 yilda Nyu-York shahridagi mavjud parom tizimlaridan tashqari o'z parom xizmatini rasman taklif qildi. Nyu-York suv yo'li, Nyu-York suv taksisi, va Staten orolining paromi.

NYC Ferry shahri ma'muriyati tomonidan rasman e'lon qilindi Bill de Blasio 2015 yilda, taxminiy nomi bilan Shahar bo'ylab parom xizmati. Ikki bosqichda ishga tushirish rejalashtirilgan edi. Birinchi bosqich 2017 yil 1 mayda boshlangan bo'lib, xizmat davomida Sharqiy daryo va Rokveyzlar. Marshrutlar Bay Ridge va Astoriya mos ravishda o'sha yilning iyun va avgust oylarida boshlangan. Ikkinchi bosqich, 2018 yil avgust oyida Quyi Sharqiy tomon va Soundview. Paromlar Sent-Jorj, Staten oroli va ga Koni oroli, 2021 yilda ishga tushirish taklif qilinmoqda. Tizim bo'yicha bir martalik sayohatlar narxi 2,75 dollarni tashkil etadi, oylik va velosiped narxi ham mavjud, ammo shaharda boshqa transport turlariga bepul o'tish imkoniyati yo'q. NYC Ferry, shuningdek, Rockaways-da parom to'xtash joylariga ulanadigan bepul avtobuslarni taqdim etadi Midtown Manxetten.

Dastlab parom xizmati har yili 4,5-4,6 million yo'lovchini tashiy olishi kutilgandi. 2017 yil yozida NYC Ferry yo'nalishlarida kutilganidan yuqori chavandozlar rasmiylarga yangi kemalarga buyurtma berishga va mavjud kemalarning imkoniyatlarini kengaytirishga sabab bo'ldi. 2018 yil bahorida yillik sayohatlar tahminlari 9 millionga qayta ko'rib chiqildi, dastlabki proektsiyani ikki baravar oshirdi va NYC Ferry parkini yanada kengaytirish haqida e'lon qilindi. Odamlarning ko'p bo'lishiga qaramay, parom odatda yo'lovchilar tomonidan ijobiy baholandi. Shu bilan birga, xizmatning yuqori darajadagi subsidiyalashganligi va shaharning boshqa jamoat transporti rejimlariga nisbatan NYC Ferry-ning past darajadagi sayohati haqida tanqidlar mavjud.

Fon

Dastlabki paromlar

19-asrga qadar, shaharning suv yo'llari bo'ylab qat'iy o'tish joylari bo'lmaganida, bu hududni kesib o'tgan ko'plab paromlar bo'lgan.^[3] Nyu-Yorkning birinchi paromlari shahar Gollandiyaning mustamlakasi bo'lgan paytga to'g'ri keladi Yangi Amsterdam zamonaviyni o'z ichiga oladi Quyi Manxetten. Yo'l bo'ylab parom Sharqiy daryo, Yangi Amsterdam va zamonaviy o'rtasida Bruklin, 1642 yilda Kornelius Dirkksen tomonidan yaratilgan,^[4] xabarlarga ko'ra u "yozuvlar gapiradigan eng qadimgi paromchi" bo'lgan.^[5] 1654 yilga kelib, Yangi Amsterdam hukumati Sharqiy daryo paromlarini tartibga solish bo'yicha farmonlarni qabul qildi.^[6] Birinchi parom Nyu-Jersi bo'ylab sayohat qilib, 1661 yilda tashkil etilgan Hudson daryosi dan Manxetten ga Communipaw (endi qismi Jersi Siti ).^[7] Bo'ylab paromlar Harlem daryosi, Manxetten va shahar o'rtasida Bronks, 1667 yilda boshlangan va a parom ga Staten oroli 1712 yilda boshlangan.^[8]:38 Paromlar soni o'sib borar edi va 1904 yilga kelib Nyu-York shahrining suvlarida 147 parom xizmatlari faoliyat ko'rsatardi.^[9]

Birinchilardan biri hujjatlashtirilgan otda ishlaydigan "jamoaviy" qayiqlar tijorat xizmatida Qo'shma Shtatlarda edi Fulton feribot kompaniyasi, an Sharqiy daryo paromi qatnaydi bu Robert Fulton 1814 yilda amalga oshirilgan.^[10] The South Ferry Company, 1836 yilda tashkil etilgan bo'lib, uch yildan so'ng Fulton Feribot Kompaniyasi bilan birlashdi va birlashgan kompaniyalar bir qator sotib olishlarni amalga oshirdilar va oxir-oqibat Sharq daryosi paromlariga egalik qilishdi.^[11] Biroq, 1918 yilga kelib, ko'priklar qurilishi va Nyu-York metrosi Sharqiy daryo bo'ylab tunnellar ba'zi kompaniyalarga olib keldi, masalan Nyu-York va East River Ferry kompaniyasi o'rtasida Yorkville va Astoriya, zarar bilan ishlash.^[12] Shahar egaligida ham, Sharq daryosi paromlarining ko'pini 20-asrning o'rtalariga kelib ko'priklar, yo'l tunnellari va metro tunnellari bosib o'tdi. Masalan, Yorkvill-Astoriya paromi 1936 yilda almashtirilgandan so'ng to'xtadi Triboro ko'prigi.^[13]

Manxettenning narigi tomonida son-sanoqsiz odamlar bor edi Hudson daryosi paromlari bir nuqtada, Nyu-Jersidan Manxettenning yigirma yo'lovchi bekatigacha bo'lgan qayiq yo'llari bilan.^[7] Biroq, qurilish Holland tunnel, Linkoln tunnel, Hudson va Manxetten temir yo'li va Jorj Vashington ko'prigi Manxetten va Nyu-Jersi o'rtasida, shuningdek, Qo'shma Shtatlarda avtoulovlarga egalikning o'sishi, bu paromlar 20-asr o'rtalariga kelib endi kerak emasligini anglatardi. Natijada, 1967 yilda, so'nggi xoch-Gudzon paromi (o'rtasida Xoboken va Batareya parki shahri ) faoliyatini to'xtatdi.^[7][9]

Richmond Turnpike kompaniyasi 1817 yilda Manxettendan Staten oroliga paroxod xizmatini boshladi. Kornelius Vanderbilt kompaniyasini 1838 yilda sotib olgan va u sotilgan Staten Island temir yo'l kompaniyasi 1864 yilda. Staten Island orolidagi feribot keyinchalik sotilgan Baltimor va Ogayo temir yo'llari 1884 yilda, Nyu-York shahri esa 1905 yilda parom ustidan nazoratni o'z zimmasiga oldi.^[8]:172 Hali ham ishlayotgan parom, 1967 yilda Hoboken paromi to'xtatilgandan so'ng, butun shahar bo'ylab yagona qatnovchi parom edi.^[7]

Nyu-Jersiga paromlar qatnovi to'xtatilganiga qaramay, odamlar Gudzon daryosi bo'yidagi joylarga ko'chib ketishdi. 1986 yilda suv bo'yidagi aholi punktlari yoqadi Bayonne, Tog'lar, Keyport, Liberte porti va Yalang'och operatsiyasi ostida Manxettenga parom xizmatining tiklanishini ko'rdi Nyu-York suv yo'li.^[7] 1989 yilga kelib, 3000 ga yaqin aholi punktlarining birlashgan 10500 aholisi, shunga o'xshash arzon alternativalar raqobatiga qaramay, NY Waterway feribotlariga chiqish uchun har bir yo'nalishda $ 5.00 narxini to'lashdi. Yo'l poezd tizimi.^[7] Taxminan shu vaqt oralig'ida parom yo'nalishlarini yaratish rejalashtirilgan edi Inwood va Atlantika Siti; Janubiy Amboy va Uoll-strit; va shahardan Nyu-Jersiga, Konnektikut va Vestchester.^[7]

Paromlarning tiklanishi

2011 yil boshida Nyu-York shahrining iqtisodiy rivojlanish korporatsiyasi (NYCEDC) va NYC & Company suv bilan sayohat qilish tashabbusi NYHarborWay, bilan ishlagan Nyu-York shahar transport departamenti (NYCDOT) Nyu-York shahridagi feribot tizimi uchun 40 dan ortiq potentsial joylarni o'rganib chiqqan "Umumjahon shahar bo'ylab feribotlarni o'rganish" dasturini e'lon qildi.^[14]:1 Tadqiqot Nyu-York shahrining qirg'oqlari bo'ylab joylashgan mahallalar uchun transport alternativalarini o'rganish maqsadida topshirilgan.^{[14]:1, 23–47} Shuningdek, u muhokama qilindi Sharqiy daryo paromi, o'sha yili xizmatga kirish uchun o'rnatildi.^{[14]:1, 103–111, 130–133, 165} Tadqiqot natijasida g'arbiy Manxettenga parom yo'nalishlari va Riverdeyl; Manxettenning sharqiy qismida joylashgan Janubiy Bronks va Kooperativ shahar; shimoliy Bruklin va Kvins qirg'oqlari; The Staten orolining janubiy qirg'og'i; va janubi-g'arbiy Bruklin, janubiy Bruklin va Rokaveylar.^[14]:9–14

Avvalgi NYC Ferry's East River liniyasi Nyu-York suv yo'li jigar

2011 yil iyun oyida Nyu-York suv yo'li bilan boshqariladigan East River Feribot liniyasi ish boshladi.^[15] Yo'nalish oralig'ida harakatlanadigan 7 ta to'xtashli East River xizmati edi Sharqiy 34-uy va Hunters Point, Bruklindagi ikkita va Kvinsdagi uchta oraliq to'xtashni amalga oshirdi. Nyu-York shahridagi metropolitenga alternativa bo'lgan parom bir tomonga chipta narxi 4 dollarni tashkil etadi.^[15] Bu bir zumda ommalashgan edi, shahar yo'lovchilar sonidan ikki baravaridan olti baravargacha paromlarga minishni rejalashtirgan edi. 2011 yil iyundan noyabrgacha parom 1488 nafar chavandoz proektsiyasidan farqli o'laroq o'rtacha ish kunida 2862 chavandozni qabul qildi va o'rtacha dam olish kunida 4500 chavandozga ega bo'ldi, bu shaharning rejalashtirilgan sayridan olti baravar ko'p; Umuman olganda, parom o'sha davrda 350,000 chavandozni ko'rdi, bu 134000 chavandozning dastlabki chavandozlik bashoratining 250% dan ortig'ini tashkil etdi.^[16]

In oqibatlari ning "Sendi" dovuli 2012 yil 29 oktyabrda katta infratuzilmaviy zarar IND Rockaway Line (A poezd) .ning janubida Xovard-Bich - JFK aeroporti stantsiya Rockaways o'rtasidagi to'g'ridan-to'g'ri metro aloqalarini uzdi, Keng kanal va etti oy davomida Kvins materikida. Parom operatori SeaStreak Plyaj 108-chi ko'chada vaqtincha parom slipi o'rtasida shahar tomonidan subsidiyalangan parom xizmatini yuritishni boshladi Beach Channel Drive yilda Rockaway Park, Queens va Pier 11 / Wall Street, keyin Sharqiy 34-chi ko'chaga Feribot qo'nish yo'lida davom eting. To'xtash Bruklin armiyasi terminali rekonstruksiya qilinganligi sababli 2013 yil avgustida qo'shilgan Montague Street tunnel, vaqtincha to'xtatilgan R tunnel orqali poezd xizmati.^[17] Parom ommabop bo'lib chiqdi va uning litsenziyasi bir necha bor uzaytirildi, chunki shahar rasmiylari xizmatni doimiy ravishda tashkil etish-qilmasligini aniqlash uchun yo'lovchilar sonini baholashdi. Yaratilishidan 2013 yil dekabriga qadar ushbu xizmatda 200 mingga yaqin chavandoz bor edi.^[18]

NYCEDC tadqiqotlari 2013 yilda SeaStreak Rockaway paromi ishga tushirilgandan so'ng yangilandi.^[19] Tadqiqot "CFS2013" deb nomlanib, Nyu-York shahridagi parom xizmatlarining ta'sirini ko'rsatdi, bu esa East River paromining muvaffaqiyatiga ishora qildi. Xususan, parom xizmati paromlar qo'nishidan 1 mil (1,6 km) uzoqlikda ko'chmas mulk qiymatini o'rtacha 1,2% ga oshirdi; parom bekatlari yaqinidagi yangi qurilishga turtki berdi; tranzit alternativasi bo'lmagan mahallalarga ko'proq transport imkoniyatlarini qo'shdi; va boshqa qismlarida olomonni engishga yordam berdi Nyu-York shahrining transport tarmog'i.^[19]:15–21 Tadqiqot, shuningdek, parom tizimiga qo'shilishi mumkin bo'lgan qo'shimcha marshrutlarni taklif qildi va barcha beshtasida yangi rivojlanishga xizmat qiladigan marshrutlar bilan tumanlar.^[19]:22–30 Shahar bo'ylab paromning o'ziga xos g'oyasi ham tadqiqotda birinchi marta taklif qilingan.^[19]:31–69

Shahar hukumati 2014 yil iyun oyi oxirida 1 iyuldan boshlanadigan kelgusi moliya yili uchun byudjetini e'lon qilganda, feribot faqat 2 million dollar miqdorida qo'shimcha mablag 'oldi va uni oktyabrgacha yana vaqtincha uzaytirdi.^[20] Hokimiyat ma'muriyati Bill de Blasio ekspluatatsiya narxini oqlash uchun yetarli yo'lovchilar yo'qligini ta'kidladi.^[21] Mahalliy transport advokatlari, fuqarolar etakchilari va saylangan amaldorlarning so'nggi daqiqalardagi harakatlariga qaramay, parom qatnovi 2014 yil 31 oktyabrda tugadi. Ular xizmatni tiklash uchun harakatlarni davom ettirishga va'da berishdi.^[22][23] Bu hokimlik va feribotni qayta ochishni istagan tomonlar o'rtasida ko'plab muzokaralarga olib keldi. Oxir oqibat meriya NYC Ferry tizimi ochilganda Rokavay paromini qayta ishga tushirishga rozi bo'ldi.^[21]

Taklif

NYCEDC tomonidan birinchi marta "Shahar bo'ylab parom xizmati" deb nomlangan NYC Feribot, de Blasio ma'muriyati tomonidan 2015 yilda beshta tuman orqali o'tadigan shahar bo'ylab parom tizimining bir qismi sifatida e'lon qilingan edi. Staten oroli terminal yakunlanmagan edi.^[3][24] NYCEDC loyihani va'da qildi Bruklin-Kuinz ulagichi shahar tranzit tizimini qayta kashf etish usuli sifatida taklif.^[25] Marshrutlar borish kerak edi Astoriya, Bay Ridge, Rockaways, Quyi Sharqiy tomon, Soundview, Janubiy Bruklin va Bruklin dengiz floti hovlisi.^[26] NY Waterway-ning East River yo'nalishi reja doirasida NYC Ferry tizimiga o'tkazilishi kerak edi.^[27] Yo'nalish uchun mablag 'qidirilmoqda Koni oroli va Staplton, lekin u NYC Ferry-ni amalga oshirish muddatiga kiritilmagan.^[28][29]

NYC feribotining kelajakdagi sayohati Gantry Plaza yilda Long-Aylend shahri

Bitta sayohat uchun narx avvalgidek 2,75 AQSh dollari qilib belgilandi boshqa transport turlari Nyu-York shahrida. Bepul pul o'tkazmalari faqat boshqa NYC Ferry yo'nalishlariga taqdim etilishi mumkin edi, ya'ni chavandozlar shaharning boshqa ommaviy tranzit tizimlaridan biriga o'tgan taqdirda boshqa yo'l haqini to'laydilar.^[30] Boshqa yo'nalishlarga o'tkazmalar so'rov bo'yicha beriladi.^[31] NYC Ferryni amalga oshirishdan oldin, shahar ichidagi boshqa parom liniyalarida ish kunlari va dam olish kunlari mos ravishda 4 va 6 AQSh dollari bo'lgan.^[32] NYC Ferry narxining nisbatan pastligi boshqa ba'zi yirik shaharlardan farqli o'laroq amalga oshirildi San-Fransisko va Sidney, bu erda paromlar narxi ushbu shaharlarda boshqa tranzit transport narxlaridan yuqori. Shahar paromlarning arzonligi paromlarni arzon narxlarda tayyorlashni maqsad qilgan bo'lsa, de Blasio bu "tranzit kapitalini" rivojlantirishga qaratilganligini aytdi.^[3] Paromlar tizimi 4,5 million yillik chavandozlarning proektsiyasiga javob beradi deb taxmin qilsak, shahar har bir chavandoz uchun 6,60 AQSh dollari miqdorida subsidiya to'laydi va paromni shahardagi transportning uchinchi eng yaxshi turiga aylantiradi.^[33]

NYC Ferry 325 million dollarga tushishi kerak edi^[3] shahar tomonidan yiliga 10 milliondan 20 million dollargacha qo'shimcha operatsion subsidiya ajratilishi bilan.^[26] Xususiy paromlar^[26] ga 6 yillik shartnoma asosida taklif qilingan Hornblower kruizlari, bu shartnoma davomida har yili kamida 30 million dollar oladi.^[28][34] Shartnomani qabul qilgandan so'ng, Hornblower Cruises 2016 yil 16 martda parom operatori sifatida tanlandi.^[32][35]

Paromning olti yo'nalishidan ba'zilari dastlab 2017 yil iyun oyida ishga tushirilishi kerak edi,^[25] ammo keyinchalik amalga oshirish sanasi 1 mayga ko'chirildi.^[36] 2015 yilgi rejaga ko'ra, butun tizim 2018 yilga qadar to'liq xizmatga o'tishi kutilmoqda.^[24] Tizimga ilgari Nyu-York suv yo'li ostida bo'lgan yo'nalishlar, xususan, Sharqiy daryo yo'nalishi kiradi.^[24] Shoshilinch ishlash uchun kamida 18 ta qayiq kerak bo'ladi.^[32] O'n ikki qayiq 2017 yilda joylashtirilishi kerak edi, qolgan oltitasi esa keyingi yil xizmatga topshiriladi.^[28] Keyinroq qayiqlarning soni biroz o'zgartirilib, 20taga etdi, shu jumladan keyinchalik yangilanadigan uchta qayiq.^[37][38]

Parom tizimining yaratilishi shahar transport tizimidagi yuklarning bir qismini engillashtirishi kerak edi, bu asosan "19-asrning boshlarida tranzit xaritasi izini" tashkil etadi. Alisiya Glen va shahar aholisining tez o'sishiga sig'dira olmaydi.^[3] Paromlarga bo'lgan istak natijasida, yillik sayohat 4,5 millionga etishi kutilmoqda^[3] 4,6 milliongacha.^[26] Garchi bu kunlik atigi 12,500 chavandozni tashkil etgan bo'lsa ham (Nyu-York Siti metrosining har hafta ichidagi 5 million chavandoziga nisbatan), bir kishi Manxetten instituti "siz poezdlarda tiqilib qolmagan har bir odam yordam beradi" dedi.^[32] Nyu-York shahar hokimining uy-joy va iqtisodiy rivojlanish bo'yicha o'rinbosari: "Bizning maqsadimiz bu narsani iloji boricha kattaroq qilishdir."^[3]

Qurilish va ochilish

Rejalashtirish

v t e NYC feribot
Bog'lar (kelajak)  SV  Soundview  SV  Astoriya  AST  Sharqiy 90-uy  SV  Ruzvelt oroli  AST  Midtown West (Pier 79 ) (kelajak)  SG  Long-Aylend shahri  AST  Sharqiy 34-uy  AST   ER   SV  Hunters Point South  ER  Greenpoint  ER  Stuyvesant koyi  SV  Shimoliy Uilyamsburg  ER  Janubiy Uilyamsburg  ER  Bruklin dengiz floti hovlisi  AST  Corlears Hook  SB  Batareya parki shahri (kelajak)  SG  DUMBO (BBP Pier 1 )  ER   SB  Uoll-strit (Pier 11 )  AST   CI   ER   GI   RW   SB   SV  Whitehall terminali  SI  Atlantika avenyu (BBP Pier 6 )  SB  Gubernatorlar oroli (mavsumiy)  GI  Red Hook  SB  Bush terminali (kelajak)  SB  Sunset Park (BAT )  RW   SB  Bay Ridge  SB   CI  Avliyo Jorj (kelajak)  SG   SI  Koni oroli (kelajak)  CI  Rokvay  RW
Amaldagi yo'nalishlar:  AST  Astoriya  ER  Sharqiy daryo  RW  Rokvay  SV  Soundview  SB  Janubiy Bruklin  GI  Gubernatorlar oroli (mavsumiy) Kelajakdagi yo'nalishlar:  SG  Avliyo Jorj  CI  Koni oroli Boshqa yo'nalishlar:  SI : Staten orolining paromi

2015 yil mart va aprel oylarida shaharda butun shahar bo'ylab feribotni ekologik tekshirish jarayoni boshlandi.^[39]:2 Shahar loyihasini talab qildi Atrof muhitga ta'siri to'g'risidagi bayonot (EIS) 2016 yil 18 aprelgacha yakunlangan 2015 yil 12 avgustda.^[40] Ommaviy sharhlardan so'ng yakuniy EIS 2016 yil 28-iyulda tasdiqlandi.^[40][41]:2 Loyihada, shuningdek, shahar atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish bo'yicha sharh o'tkazildi, unda paromning ochiq maydonga ta'siri, shahar dizayni, tabiiy resurslar, yaqin atrofdagi transport, shovqin ifloslanishi, havo sifati, atrof-muhit va aholi salomatligi.^[39][41]:2

Qurilish

2016 yil yanvaridan iyungacha shahar paromlar uchun taklif qilingan 4 ta qayiqni umumiy qiymati 6 million dollarga sotib oldi, kelgusi yillarda jami 30 ta qayiqni rejalashtirgan.^[3] Hornblower Cruises birinchi marshrutlar uchun har biri 4 million dollarga teng bo'lgan 13 ta qayiqni talab qildi.^[3][42] Qayiqlarning umumiy umumiy qiymati 70 million dollardan oshadi.^[3][43] Bundan tashqari, shahar 85 million dollarlik 13 ta parom qo'nish joyini, shuningdek, qayiq omborini qurayotgan edi.^[3] Ushbu docklardan biri, Astoriyada, Astoria Cove rivojlanishining bir qismi sifatida xususiy ravishda qurilgan.^[44] 2016 yil sentyabr oyida ikkita kemasozlik zavodida 19 ta parom qurilishi boshlandi Bayou-La-Batre, Alabama va Janerette, Luiziana,^[45][42] qayiqlarda ishlaydigan 200 nafar doimiy ishchi bilan.^[46][47] Ikki kemasozlik bilan shartnoma odatiy emas, chunki kema qurish shartnomalari odatda faqat bitta kompaniya bilan tuziladi. Biroq, NYC Ferry ma'murlari ushbu ikkita kompaniyani o'zlarining tajribalari va ikkala kemasozlik bo'ronlari tomonidan vayron bo'lishiga o'xshashligi sababli tanlagan edi.^[42]

Paromni amalga oshirish uchun bir nechta tashkilotlardan ruxsat talab qilingan. Parom xizmat ko'rsatishni boshlashdan oldin, NYCDOT xizmat ko'rsatish zonasida yangi transport rejimini tasdiqlashi kerak edi. Bundan tashqari, Nyu-York atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish davlat departamenti va Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari armiyasining muhandislar korpusi (CoE) NYC Ferry-ga qo'nish joyidan foydalanishga ruxsat berishi kerak edi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari sohil xavfsizligi CoE tomonidan ruxsatnomani tasdiqlash va kemalar dizaynini kuzatish bo'yicha maslahat berish.^[40] Bundan tashqari, Nyu-York shtatidagi bog'lar, dam olish va tarixiy muhofaza qilish idorasi feribotlarga qo'nish joyidan foydalanishga ruxsat berishlari kerak edi Gantry Plaza shtat bog'i, va Ruzvelt orolining operatsion korporatsiyasi Ruzvelt orolining qo'nish joyini qurish uchun ruxsat berishlari uchun ular bilan maslahatlashildi.^[40] 2016 yil sentyabrga qadar Gantry Plazaga qo'nishga ruxsat berildi.^[48]

2016 yil dekabr oyida Xornblower Sharqiy daryo yo'nalishini boshqarish huquqini 21 million dollarga sotib oldi. Yo'lni Nyu-York suv yo'li bayrog'i ostida boshqarish uchun shartnoma tuzgan Billybey Feribotlari boshqargan.^[49][27] Savdo doirasida Hornblower East River paromida ishlatilgan to'rtta eski qayiq uchun 6 million dollar to'lagan.^[49]

Birinchi qurib bitkazilgan yangi kema Bayou La Batre inshootidan 2017 yil 24 martda chiqib ketdi,^[50] va u Nyu-Yorkka 2017 yil 2 aprelda etib keldi.^[51] 6-aprel kuni shahar hokimi de Blasio ushbu xizmatning Citywide Ferry-dan NYC Ferry-ga rebrendingi o'tkazilganligini va xizmatning boshlanishi dastlabki jadvaldan bir oyga ko'tarilganligini, East River, South Bruklyn va Rockaway yo'nalishlari bilan 1 maydan boshlanadi,^[36] muddatidan bir oy oldin.^[52] Yangi jadvalga ko'ra, Janubiy Bruklin yo'nalishi 1 iyun kuni boshlandi^[53] va Astoriya yo'nalishi 29 avgustda boshlandi,^[54][31] Quyi Sharqiy tomon va Soundview yo'nalishlari 2018 yilda boshlanishi kerak.^[36][52]

Ochilish va yuqori chavandozlik

Janubiy Uilyamsburg qo'nish joyidagi bo'g'inli o'tish yo'li

Dastlabki ikkita yo'nalish 2017 yil 1 mayda ochilgan.^[55][56] Xizmatning birinchi kunida NYC Ferry 6400 dan ortiq chavandozni ko'rdi; shulardan 1828 kishi Rokavay paromida, qolganlari esa Sharqiy daryo paromida harakatlanishgan.^[57] Birinchi haftada feribot 49000 chavandozni tashib yubordi, ulardan 38000 nafari Sharqiy daryo feribotidan, qolgan 11000 nafari esa Rokavay marshrutidan foydalangan.^[58] Birinchi hafta davomida xizmat 95% o'z vaqtida belgilangan narxga ega bo'lsa-da, NYC Ferry ba'zi yo'nalishlarda kechikishlar tufayli NY Waterway-dan qayiqni ijaraga oldi.^[49] NYC Ferry, shuningdek, ushbu yo'nalishdagi ba'zi eski East River Ferry qayiqlaridan vaqtincha foydalanishni davom ettirdi.^[49] Parom shu qadar mashhur bo'lib ketdiki, davomida Xotira kuni dam olish kunlari 2017 yil may oyida ikki kun davomida 26000 yo'lovchini, shu jumladan har kuni Sharqiy daryoning paromida 9600 yo'lovchini ko'rdi.^[59] Tomonidan tasvirlangan The New York Times xizmatning "hozirgacha eng katta sinovi" sifatida,^[59] 2017 yilgi Xotira kuniga bag'ishlangan dam olish kunlari haddan tashqari ko'p bo'lgan paromlarni soatlab kutish haqida xabar berildi.^[60]

Iyun oyida NYC Ferry, Gubernatorlar oroliga xizmat ko'rsatadigan marshrutlarda olomonni engillashtirish uchun Sharqiy Ferry yo'nalishi uchun ikkita 400 yo'lovchiga ega charter qayiqni ijaraga olishi kerak edi.^[37] qadoqlangan qayiqlar ushbu marshrutlar bo'ylab to'xtab o'tdilar.^[60] 22 iyunga qadar parom 500 ming yo'lovchini tashiydi, bir necha oydan beri bir martalik rasmiylarga etib borishini kutmagan edi.^[61] Kutilmagan talab tufayli, odamlarning zichligi 2017 yilning yoz oylari o'tishi bilan yanada yomonlashdi, sig'imga qadar bo'lgan qayiqlar va uzoq kutish odatiy holga aylandi.^[62] 2017 yil iyul oyiga kelib, bir oy ichida Janubiy Bruklin yo'nalishi bo'yicha 83,500 chavandoz bor edi va bu dastlabki chavandozlik taxminidan 30 mingdan oshib ketdi.^[38] Sharqiy daryo paromi NYC Ferry tomonidan qabul qilinganidan beri o'rtacha bir kunlik ish kunida taxminan 7,200 chavandozni ko'rdi, 2013 yilda o'rtacha 3257 kunlik chavandozdan.^[63] O'sha oy, uchta yangi qayiq qurilmoqda ko'proq yo'lovchilarga mos keladigan darajada qayta ko'rib chiqilgan.^[37][38] 500 kishilik qayiq ham qarz olindi SeaStreak Rokavay yo'nalishi uchun.^[64] 2017 yil 26-iyulga qadar NYC Ferry 1 million chavandozni bosib o'tdi.^[65][66]

2017 yil avgust oyida NYC Ferry to'rtta paromni qurishni rejalashtirgan: biri Soundview-da, biri Yorkvillda, biri yaqinida Stuyvesant koyi va pastki Sharqiy tomonda.^{[67][68]:4–5} Shuningdek, Bruklin dengiz floti hovlisidagi uy portiga yana ikkita pirsni qo'shishga intildi.^[68]:5 Soundview yo'nalishi endi qurib bo'lmaydigan Sharqiy 62-ko'chada emas, balki Sharqiy 34-ko'chada to'xtab turishi uchun qayta ko'rib chiqildi.^[69] O'sha oy Bruklin siyosatchilari binolarni qurishga chaqirishdi Koni oroli va Kanareya, yangi tizimning mashhurligi tufayli.^[70] Astoriya marshruti ochilgandan so'ng kunlik 1800 yo'lovchini tashiydi, shu vaqtgacha xizmat 1,4 million chavandozni ko'rgan.^[71] Hattoki ko'proq sayohatchilar talabi tufayli, 2017 yil sentyabr oyida uchta qo'shimcha parom buyurtma qilindi, shu vaqtgacha 2 milliondan ortiq odam paromda yurishdi.^[72] 2017 yil noyabrga qadar NYC Ferryda bu vaqtga qadar prognoz qilingan 1,8 millionga nisbatan jami 2,5 million marotaba sayohat bo'lib o'tdi va to'rtta marshrutdan ikkitasi shahar kutmagan marshrutlarni bosib o'tdi. 2019 yilgacha. O'sha paytda shahar paromni subsidiyalash uchun 16,5 million dollar sarflagan.^[73][74] The Nyu-York Post 2017 yil noyabr oyida yangi beshta paromning beshtasi qochqin tufayli ishdan chiqarilgani haqida xabar bergan. Ga ko'ra Xabar, oktyabr oyidan boshlab Sohil Xavfsizlik inspektorlari korpuslarda qattiq korroziyani kuzatgandan so'ng, qayiqlar ishdan chiqarildi.^[75] Keyinchalik Hornblower bu xabarni tasdiqladi va korroziya sababi noto'g'ri tuzilganligini aytdi keel sovutgichlari va oktyabr oyida uchta kemani ta'mirlash uchun olib tashlashdi, keyin esa yana uchta kemani noyabr oyida.^[76]

Manxetten va Bronksda qolgan to'rtta NYC feribot bandargohi qurilishi 2018 yilning 28 fevralida Lower East Side va Soundview xizmatining o'sha yozda boshlanishiga tayyorgarlik ko'rish uchun boshlandi.^[77][78] Paromlar tizimining ochilishining bir yilligi bo'lgan 2018 yil may oyida de Blasio NYC Ferry qo'shimcha qayiq sotib olish, park salohiyatini oshirish va xizmatni kengaytirish uchun qo'shimcha 300 million dollar olganligini e'lon qildi. Yangi qayiqlarning soni aniqlanmagan, ammo standart 150 yo'lovchilar va 350 yo'lovchilar uchun mo'ljallangan katta qayiqlarning aralashmasi bo'lishi kutilgan edi; to'xtab turish joyi sifatida, Hornblower NYC Ferryda vaqtincha foydalanish uchun sakkizta 500 yo'lovchiga mo'ljallangan qayiqni ijaraga oladi. Shu nuqtada, shahar xizmati yiliga 9 million chavandozni ko'rishni rejalashtirgan, bu 4,5 million chavandozning yillik taxminiy ko'rsatkichidan ikki baravar ko'p.^[79] Biroq tanqidchilar MTA metrosi va avtobus tizimlari kuniga 7 million yo'lovchini olib ketishini va NYC Ferry uchun bunday katta subsidiya paromda ketadigan odamlar soniga mutanosib ekanligini ta'kidladilar.^[80] Ga binoan Qishloq ovozi, NYC Ferry, 2023 yilga qadar 24,500 kunlik chavandozlarni tashishni maqsad qilib qo'ygan, bu 2017 yilgi 14 ta mahalliy avtobus yo'nalishlaridan kunlik haydashdan kichikroq. NYC Ferry 2017 yilda o'rtacha 10 000 kunlik chavandozni tashkil etgan bo'lsa, avtobus va metro tizimida o'rtacha 2 million va 5 million kunlik chavandozlar bor edi.^[81]

2018 yil avgust oyida NYC Ferry-ning Soundview va Lower East Side yo'nalishlarida xizmat o'sha oyda boshlanishi ma'lum qilindi.^[82] Soundview-ga yo'nalish 2018 yil 15-avgustda ochilgan,^[83][84] undan keyin 29 avgustda Quyi Sharqiy tomon yo'nalish.^[85][86] Nyu-York Siti Tranzit 2018 yil yozida Soundview yo'nalishi bo'yicha xizmat ko'rsatish uchun Bx27 avtobusining Clason Point Parkiga sayohatlarini kengaytirdi.^[87]

Keyinchalik kengaytirish

2018 yil avgust oyida Quyi Sharqiy tomon yo'nalishi ochilgandan so'ng de Blasio tizimni yanada kengaytirishni rejalashtirayotganini aytdi.^[88] 2019 yil yanvar oyida de Blasio 2021 yilga qadar NYC feribot tizimiga kengayish haqida e'lon qildi. Staten-Aylend va Koni-Aylendga ikkita yangi marshrut, shuningdek ikkita qo'shimcha marshrutni uzaytirish rejalashtirilgan. Staten-Aylend yo'nalishi Manxettenning G'arbiy tomoni va undan o'tishi kerak edi Sent-Jorj terminali yilda Sent-Jorj, Staten oroli, va dastlab 2020 yilda ochilishi kerak edi, lekin 2021 yilga olib borildi. Koni-Aylend yo'nalishi Pier 11 Wall Street va Coney Island orasida harakatlanib, 2021 yilda ishlay boshlaydi. Astoriya yo'nalishi Bruklin dengiz flotida qo'shimcha to'xtash joyini yaratadi. Yard, Soundview marshruti Soundview-dan sharqqa qadar uzaytirilishi kerak edi Throggs bo'yin. Janubiy Bruklin yo'nalishi Bruklin armiyasi terminalida tugaydi va mavjud Bay Ridge parom pisti Koni-Aylend yo'nalishi tomonidan xizmat qiladi.^[89][90] Bruklin Navy Yard bekati 2019 yil 20-mayda ochilgan.^[91][92] Xuddi shu oyda, NYC Ferry orolga Sharqiy daryo va Janubiy Bruklindagi xizmatni almashtirib, faqat Pirs 11 / Uol-Stritdan Gubernatorlar oroliga yangi marshrutni ishga tushirdi.^[93]

Xizmatni kengaytirish uchun shahar har bir yo'lovchiga subsidiyani 8 dollarga oshirishni talab qildi.^[94] 2019 yil mart oyida nodavlat fuqarolar byudjet komissiyasi (CBC) NYC Ferry kam yo'lovchilarga ega bo'lishiga qaramay, Nyu-York shahridagi eng subsidiya qilingan transport turlaridan biri ekanligini aniqladi. CBC shuni aniqladiki, shahar sayohat uchun bir kishiga 10,73 dollar to'lagan va Koni-Aylend yo'nalishi ishlay boshlagach, NYC Ferry-ga subsidiya bir kishiga 25 dollargacha ko'tariladi. Har bir yurish uchun subsidiya juda yuqori edi, chunki NYC Ferry-da 2018 yilda atigi 4,1 million yo'lovchi bor edi, bu o'rtacha ish kunidagi metro patronajidan kamroq. Bundan tashqari, har yili avgust va yanvar oylari o'rtasida NYC Ferry yo'lovchilarining uchdan ikki qismiga pasayish tendentsiyasi kuzatildi.^[95][96] 2020 yil yanvar oyida NYCEDC kengaytirish rejasiga uchta kichik o'zgarishlarni e'lon qildi. Sent-Jorj paromining Staten-Aylend terminali bo'ladi Empire Outlets Sent-Jorj terminalidan ko'ra; Janubiy Bruklin yo'nalishi yangi to'xtash joyiga qisqartiriladi Sanoat shahri; va Koni-Aylend paromi to'g'ridan-to'g'ri Bruklin armiyasi terminalida to'xtamasdan Bay Ridge va Uoll-Strit o'rtasida harakatlanardi.^[97]

Bilan Nyu-York shahridagi COVID-19 pandemiyasi 2020 yil mart oyida 2020 yilgi bahorning muntazam jadvali bekor qilindi va 2020 yil qish kunlari jadvalida qoldi, kunlar va dam olish kunlari qisqartirilgan xizmat ko'rsatildi. 2020 yil 15-mayda xizmat yanada qisqartirilgani, barcha paromlar qatnovi soat 21: 00da tugashi bilan, Quyi Sharqiy tomon yo'nalishi to'xtatilgani, Styuvesant koyi to'xtash joyi Soundview liniyasiga qo'shilganligi va modifikatsiya qilinganligi e'lon qilindi. Janubiy Bruklin yo'nalishi Atlantika avenyusidan Uol-Stritga, Dumboga va Corlears Hook-dagi yangi so'nggi bekatigacha boradi. Ushbu xizmatni o'zgartirish 2020 yil 18 mayda boshlandi.^[98][99] Staten oroliga parom 2021 yilgacha, Koni oroli va Throggs Neck kengayishi bilan birga amalga oshirilmaydi.^[100][101] 2020 yil 27 iyunda yozgi jadval amalga oshirilib, yozgi yuqori chavandozlikka javoban barcha yo'nalishlarning chastotasi ko'payib bordi, faqat yangi yozgi jadval tuzilgandan keyin 18 iyulga qadar muddatsiz to'xtatib qo'yilgan Gubernatorlar oroli marshrutidan tashqari.^[102][103] Ko'p o'tmay, de Blasio pandemiya tufayli byudjetning butun shahar miqyosida qisqarishiga qaramay, sakkizta yangi kemalar uchun 62 million dollar mablag 'ajratdi.^[104]

Chavandozlarni qabul qilish

2017 yil avgust oyida NYCEDC tomonidan o'tkazilgan mijozlar ehtiyojini qondirish bo'yicha o'tkazilgan so'rovga ko'ra, yo'lovchilar NYC Ferry tizimiga nisbatan asosan ijobiy qarashga ega bo'lib, 93% chavandozlar ijobiy baho berishdi.^[105][81] So'rovda qatnashgan 1300 chavandozning deyarli 70% paromga mumkin bo'lgan eng yuqori reytingni berdi.^[106] 2018 yil may oyida, Qishloq ovozi NYC Ferry chavandozlari uchun norasmiy demografik so'rov o'tkazdi, chunki NYCEDC chavandoz-demografik ma'lumotlarni rasman e'lon qilmagan edi. The Ovoz duch kelgan 60 chavandozning aksariyati metropolitenga qaraganda odam kam bo'lganligi va qulayroq bo'lganligi uchungina paromdan foydalanayotganligini aniqladi. Bundan tashqari, so'rovda qatnashgan ko'plab chavandozlar yuqori daromadli ishlarda ishladilar.^[81]

Marshrutlar

2020 yildan boshlab^[yangilash], NYC Feribot tizimini tashkil etuvchi beshta marshrut va bitta mavsumiy marshrut mavjud.^[107][108] Ushbu yo'nalishlarning bosqichma-bosqich joriy etilishi amalga oshirildi. 1-bosqich 2017 yilda amalga oshirilgan yo'nalishlarni qamrab oldi va Rokavayzga yangi xizmatni taqdim etdi, Bay Ridge, Sunset Park, Ruzvelt oroli, va Astoriya allaqachon East River Ferry tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatiladigan joylardan tashqari. 2-bosqich 2018 yilda amalga oshirilgan yo'nalishlarni qamrab oldi va Soundview-ga yangi xizmatni taqdim etdi, Yorkville, Kips ko'rfazi va Quyi Sharqiy tomon.^{[25][34][43][40]} 2019 yilda yozgi dam olish kunlari Ist daryosi va Janubiy Bruklin yo'nalishlarini Gubernator oroliga uzatish bekor qilindi va uning o'rniga yangi Gubernatorlar orolining transport yo'nalishi paydo bo'ldi. Gubernator orolining marshruti mavsumiy bo'lib, faqat yozgi dam olish kunlari ishlaydi va 2019 yilning yozida ishga tushirilgan. Kuni-Aylend (Bruklin) va Sent-Jorj (Staten oroli) ga qo'shimcha ikkita yo'nalish 2021 yilda ish boshlashi kutilmoqda.^[89][90] Manxettenning ikkita asosiy terminali mavjud Uoll-strit va Sharqiy 34-uy.^[41]:5

2020 yil 18 mayda, davom etayotgan narsalarga javoban Nyu-York shahridagi COVID-19 pandemiyasi, Quyi Sharqiy tomon yo'nalishi to'xtatildi, Janubiy Bruklin Corlears Hook-da oxirigacha uzaytirildi va Stuyvesant Cove 34-strit va Uoll-strit to'xtash joylari orasidagi Soundview yo'nalishiga to'xtash joyi sifatida qo'shildi.^[98] 2020 yil 22-avgustda Astoriya yo'nalishi 90-ko'chaga uzaytirildi va Rokavay yo'nalishi jadvalga o'zgartirish kiritdi.^[109][110] 2020 yil 2-noyabrda Sharqiy daryo yo'nalishidagi shimoliy terminal terminal Hunters Point Janubga aylandi, avvalgi terminal Sharqiy 34-st, endi oxirgi to'xtash joyiga ikkinchi bo'ldi.

Ushbu yo'nalishlar to'xtatildi.

Parom xizmatidan tashqari, NYC Ferry yo'lovchilarni parom qo'nish bilan bog'lash uchun 3 ta avtobusda ishlaydi.

Astoriya feriboti

Astoriya paromlari har ikki yo'nalishda ham parvozlar davomida har yili 25 daqiqada, ish kunlari o'rtalarida va kechqurunlarida har 50 daqiqada, dam olish kunlari esa har 1 soatda 40 daqiqada harakatlanadi.^[114][36]

Yo'nalish 2019 yil may oyida Bruklin Navy Yard / Pier 72-da to'xtashni boshladi va 2020 yil 22-avgustda Sharqiy 90-chi st-da tugashiga qadar uzaytirildi.^{[89][90][120]}

Sharqiy daryo paromi

Sharqiy daryosi feriboti avvalgi Nyu-York suv yo'lida

Sharqiy daryo paromlari har ikki yo'nalishda ham yil bo'yi qatnov bilan ishlaydi, shovqin paytida har 20 daqiqada, o'rtacha va kechqurun har 40 daqiqada va dam olish kunlari har 1 soatda.^[111]

Rokavay paromi

Rokavay Feribot yo'nalishi yil davomida xizmat ko'rsatish bilan har ikki yo'nalishda ham harakatlanadi. Xizmat ish kunlari har 60 daqiqada va dam olish kunlari har 1 soatda 30 daqiqada ishlaydi.

2018 yil may oyida Sunset Parkni chetlab o'tib, Wall St / Pier 11 va Rockaway o'rtasida ekspres ishlaydigan maxsus Rockaway Express xizmati amalga oshirildi. Biroq, ushbu xizmat 2019 yil yozida qaytmadi.^[112]

Janubiy Bruklin paromi

Janubiy Bruklin paromlari har ikki yo'nalishda ham parvozlar davomida har yili 30 daqiqada, o'rtacha va kechqurun har 60 daqiqada, dam olish kunlari har 1 soatda 30 daqiqada harakatlanadi.^[113]

2020 yil 19-mayda ushbu yo'nalish to'xtatilganidan keyin Quyi Sharqiy tomon yo'nalishi o'rniga o'zgartirildi. Atlantic Av shimolidagi yo'nalish o'zgartirildi, u erda DUMBO-dan oldin Wall St / Pier 11-ga xizmat ko'rsatildi va Corlears Hook-ga qadar uzaytirildi. 2021 yilda DUMBO, Sunset Park va Bay Ridge xizmatlari 2021 yilda to'xtatiladi, ammo Bay Ridge yangi Coney Island marshrutida xizmat qiladi. Biroq, NYC Ferry tomonidan nashr etilgan yangi 2021 tizim xaritasiga ko'ra, bu qatordan faqatgina Bay Ridge to'xtash joyi olib tashlanishi va DUMBO va Sunset Parkga xizmat ko'rsatilishi, shuningdek, yangi qo'shimchalar aniq emas Sanoat shahri to'xtatish, hali ham sodir bo'ladi.^{[89][90][120][97]}

Soundview Ferry

Soundview ferries run in both directions. Service on this route runs every 30–35 minutes during rush hours, every 60 minutes during middays and evenings, and every hour and 40 minutes on weekends.^[115]

The route will be extended from Soundview to Throggs bo'yin 2021 yilda.^{[89][90][120]} On May 19, 2020, Stuyvesant Cove (originally apart of the Lower East Side Line) was added between Wall St and 34th St in order to replace LES service at this stop.

Governors Island Ferry

A shuttle from Pier 11/Wall Street to Governors Island runs every 30 minutes on summer weekends only.^[116]

Sent-Jorj Ferri

Service on this route will begin in 2021. It will be the first NYC Ferry route to not stop at Wall St/Pier 11.^{[117][89][90][120]}

Coney Island Ferry

Service on this route will begin in 2021.^{[118][89][90][120]}

To'xtatilgan marshrutlar

Lower East Side Ferry

The Lower East Side route originally ran in both directions, with service on this route running every 25 minutes during rush hours, every 60 minutes during middays and evenings, and every hour and 30 minutes during off-peak hours.^[119] This route was permanently discontinued on May 18, 2020, due to low ridership, and was replaced by the Astoria, Soundview, and South Brooklyn lines.^[98]

Fares and amenities

The fare for a single, one-way trip is $2.75,^[127][128] the same as on other modes of transportation in New York City such as the metro.^[30][56] Bicyclists must pay an additional $1 to board their bikes on ferries.^{[127][30][128]} Riders can transfer to other ferry routes within the system for free^[32] for ninety minutes after the passenger boards the first ferry.^[30] though this excludes the fare-free Staten Island Ferry, since it will not be integrated into NYC Ferry.^[24] In addition, the NYC Ferry system does not provide free transfer to the Metropolitan transport boshqarmasi 's greater mass transit system,^[3][34][129] nor does it accept Metro kartalari.^[129] Ferry tickets can be purchased online, through NYC Ferry's mobile app, or physically at a ticket booth or ticket machine.^[127] A 30-day pass costs $121, while a 30-day pass for bikers costs $141.^[30][127]

The 85-foot (26 m) boats can carry 150 people each, including wheelchairs, strollers, and bikes.^[46] As a further incentive, the boats have snacks and drink options, including coffee and wine, that are available to riders.^[34][28][59] Shuningdek, bor battery-charging stations on board the boats.^{[56][59][130]}

To'xtaydi

North Williamsburg ferry stop

The service would ultimately have 21 landings, of which ten would be brand-new, five would be upgraded, and six would be preexisting landings that would not be changed with the addition of NYC Ferry routes.^[41]:6 The existing East River Ferry landings at Brooklyn Bridge Park Pier 1; Schaefer Landing; Shimoliy Uilyamsburg; Greenpoint; va Long-Aylend shahri o'zgarishsiz qoldi. There would be upgrades to the landings at Wall Street; East 34th Street; East 92nd Street; Bruklin armiyasi terminali; and Brooklyn Bridge Park Pier 6. The remaining landings were built as part of the project.^[41]:6 A stop on Governor's Island was implemented along one of the routes to South Brooklyn. At the time, Governor's Island Ferry, the only public access to the island, runs seasonally between May and September, but the proposed Governor's Island stop would feature ferry service year-round.^[41]:6[131] It was decided to build the Rockaway dock at Beach 108th Street, but a second dock could not be built further east than Beach 84th Street due to height restrictions caused by the Rockaway Line subway bridge.^[28] Construction on the first dock, the Rockaway landing, began in January 2017.^[132][133]

The upgraded landings, which increase capacity and passenger flow, are located on 35-by-90-foot (11 by 27 m) barjalar that connect to land via the use of either one or two articulated ramps. The landings conform to the Nogironligi bo'lgan amerikaliklar to'g'risidagi qonun and contain enclosed waiting rooms with ticket booths and information boards.^[41]:7 Mono-pile mooring facilities are installed on the side of the landings to ensure that the ferries dock safely, but some landings also include extra bulkheadlar yoki iskala.^[41]:7

Parom parki

2016 yil iyul oyida, Metall Shark qayiqlari va Horizon Shipbuilding were jointly awarded construction contracts for the service's new build ferries.^[134] The vessels, which were designed by Incat Crowther, are about 85 feet (26 m) long, with a 26 feet (7.9 m) beam, and have a passenger capacity of 149.^[134] Ular quvvatlanadi Baudouin diesel engines, with a service speed of 25 knots (29 mph).^[134] By September, nineteen ferries were being built for Phase 1 of service.^[46][45][47] In January 2017, five more ferries were ordered from Horizon Shipbuilding, for a total of 24 vessels.^[135] The first new build vessel for NYC Ferry was launched by Horizon Shipbuilding on February 13.^[136] These boats arrived in New York City on April 17 and were named at a ceremony at Bruklin ko'prigi parki.^[137]

The boats use the same types of loading equipment on the port, starboard va kamon as do boats that already operated in the Nyu-York Makoni.^[41]:7 There are two types of boats: an open-water "Rockaway vessel" type for the Rockaway route, and another "river vessel" type for the rest of the system. Both designs have a common 86 feet (26 m) length and 26.25 feet (8.00 m) beam, but the Rockaway service vessels have a slightly deeper qoralama va undan yuqori bepul taxta, as well as added fuel capacity and larger engines giving a slightly higher service speed.^[136] All of the vessels are powered by engines that pass Atrof muhitni muhofaza qilish agentligi Tier 3 Vehicle Emission and Fuel Standards guidelines.^[41]:7 Ferry horns' volumes were lowered in June 2017 after complaints by residents living near ferry stops.^[138]

The Brooklyn Army Terminal and Brooklyn Navy Yard were considered for the location of the vessel maintenance facility.^[39]:4[41]:7 The Navy Yard option, which the city preferred because of its proximity to the "core operating area" of the routes and would allow an extra station to be added there in the future,^[39]:4[41]:7 oxir-oqibat tanlandi.^[139] Renovation of the site was required to remove an existing pier and replace it with a new structure capable of docking up to 25 boats. This new facility would be responsible for performing regular cleaning and maintenance on the vessels. The construction work began in spring 2017 with completion in March 2019.^[139]

Originally three of the twenty 149-passenger vessels were to be reconfigured into 250-passenger boats. The plan was scrapped as the city will be ordering additional 250 or 350 passenger vessels. In September 2017, the NYCEDC ordered three new 350-passenger boats for NYC Ferry service to supplement the 20 original boats. Metal Shark would build the new boats for $7 million to $7.5 million each.^[72] Three more large boats were ordered in November 2017.^[73] Additional large boats (250-350 passenger) are expected to be ordered within 2019–2020. As part of the contract between the city and Hornblower, both parties have options for the city to buy the boats in the future.^[73] The first of the new 350-passenger boats was delivered in July 2018.^[140][141]

By early 2020, a total of 31 vessels were in active service. In April, the first two vessels powered by engines meeting EPA Tier 4 emissions standards were delivered, with five additional ferries under construction and scheduled to enter service by the end of the year. By this time, the construction program had expanded beyond Metal Shark to include other shipbuilders in both Louisiana and Florida.^[1]

Before being allowed to pilot a NYC Ferry vessel, prospective captains are tested using a ferry simulation at the Nyu-York dengiz universiteti davlat universiteti yilda Throggs bo'yin. 2017 yil aprel oyidan boshlab^[yangilash], there were plans to hire up to 50 captains by 2018.^[142][143] In July 2017, Hornblower started looking to hire 80 dekhandlar to dock boats.^[144]

Faol ro'yxat

The following vessels are owned and operated by Hornblower for NYC Ferry operation, and do not include vessels leased from other companies.

Rasm	Vessel Name (Vessel Number)	Yil	Primary Vessel Lines Served	Izohlar
	Wonder Wonder (HB-101)	2016	EAST RIVER GOVERNORS ISLAND SOUTH BROOKLYN	1st Generation (T Class) Standard/River Type Vessel Able to accommodate up-to 150 passengers Contains displays and announcements for route stops/destinations Features top deck accessible from rear of vessel, and plastic seats with tables.
	Sunset Crossing (HB-102)
	Happy Hauler (HB-103)
	Buyuk burgut (HB-104)
	Boyqushning boshi (HB-105)
	Munsei (HB-106)
	Tushlik qutisi (H-200)
	Urban Journey (H-201)
	Friendship Express (H-202)
	Ulagich (H-203)	2016-2017	ASTORIA LOWER EAST SIDE ROCKAWAY SOUNDVIEW	1st Generation (T Class) Rockaway Type Vessel Able to accommodate up-to 150 passengers Contains displays and announcements for route stops/destinations Features top deck accessible from rear of vessel, and plastic seats with tables. Plans were made to convert these vessels to accommodate up to 250 passengers; Conversion was halted as funding would be in place to order additional vessels Eventually will be operating on the South Brooklyn route, beginning in 2021
	Imkoniyat (H-204)
	Flyer (H-205)
	McShiny (H-206)	2017-2018	EAST RIVER GOVERNORS ISLAND SOUTH BROOKLYN	2nd Generation (T Class) Standard/River Type Vessel Able to accommodate up-to 150 passengers Features top deck accessible from rear of vessel, and plastic seats with tables. HB-107 was the last and only standard boat to be delivered in 2018.
	Yulduz nuri (H-207)
	Spring Mallard (H-208)
	Atlantic Compass (H-209)
	HB-107
	Ocean Queen Rockstar (HB-108)	2018-2019	ASTORIA LOWER EAST SIDE ROCKAWAY SOUNDVIEW	2nd Generation (K sinf) Rockaway Type Vessel Can accommodate up to 350 passengers Features leather vinyl seating without tables[141] The top deck can be reached from either end of the vessel.[141]
	Seas the Day (HB-109)
	Golden Narrows (HB-110)
	Rainbow Cruise (HB-111)
	Birlik (HB-112)
	Traversity (HB-113)
	Jewel of the Harbor (HB-114)
	H-214
	HB-115
	H-90
	H-215
	HB-119	2019-2020	EAST RIVER GOVERNORS ISLAND SOUTH BROOKLYN	3rd Generation (T Class) Standard/River Type Vessel Able to accommodate up-to 150 passengers Features top deck accessible from rear of vessel, and plastic seats with tables.
	HB-120
	Cyclone Shark (HB-121)
	H-501
	Tooth Ferry (HB-122)
	H-91	2020	ASTORIA LOWER EAST SIDE ROCKAWAY SOUNDVIEW	3rd Generation (K sinf) Rockaway Type Vessel Can accommodate up to 350 passengers Features leather vinyl seating without tables[141] The top deck can be reached from either end of the vessel.
	H-401
	Qiziqish (H-301)
	City Fishy (H-92)

Schedules and shuttle buses

NYC Ferry operates from 5:30 a.m. to 10:30 p.m. during all seven days of the week.^[40][41]:9 During peak hours, ferries operate or are proposed to operate at 20-minute yo'llar to Astoria and the Lower East Side; 30-minute headways to Bay Ridge and Soundview; and 30-60 minute headways to the Rockaways (see § Routes batafsil ma'lumot uchun).^[41]:9

NYC Ferry operates three xizmat avtobusi marshrutlar. One was taken over preexisting NY Waterway service to the East 34th Street landing.^[41]:9 The others are brand-new services to the Rockaway landing, which is at Beach 108th Street.^[28] One route goes west to Jeykob Riis bog'i,^[40][41]:9 while a second was originally planned for operation between the ferry landing and Beach 67th Street, but was ultimately extended eastward.^[28] The Environmental Impact Statement provided for an extension of the Beach 67th Street bus to Beach 31st Street via Rokavay plyaj bulvari va Beach Channel Drive,^[40][41]:9 but de Blasio's office said that extending the bus further would cause a bus fleet shortage, resulting in passengers missing their boats.^[28] In May 2019, as part of a three-month pilot program, a nonstop shuttle bus route was created between the Rockaway landing and Far Rokavay - Mott Avenyu stantsiyasi.^[145]

Tanqidiy qabul

NYC Ferry stop at Pier 11

There has been both praise and criticism for the ferry service.^[146][147] The editorial board in the local newspaper AM Nyu-York praised the NYC Ferry system's affordability and stated that if done correctly, the ferry "could be far more enjoyable than a subway ride".^[146] It urged city officials to consider what routes to prioritize for Phase 1 service in 2017.^[146] Politicians such as City Councilman Vinsent G'ayriyahudiy va shtat senatori Marti Oltin also lauded the fact that the ferry would bring service to places, such as southwest Brooklyn, that are underserved by transportation.^[148]

In July 2017, after the ferry had opened, a commentator for the news website CityLab called the NYC Ferry system's "customer-oriented amenities" a "key to transit’s future." The writer noted that some of the high-quality amenities included snacks and drinks, an advanced ticketing system, connections to shuttle buses at certain terminals, and ferry workers who provided customer service—in contrast to the Metropolitan transport boshqarmasi, which she said "blames riders for its staggering decline in reliability" over the previous year.^[149] Uchun muxbir Chegaralangan NY wrote in September 2017 that the East River route was "worth the $2.75 fare, especially if you’re a person who loves architecture", owing to its waterfront views of landmarks along the river.^[150]

The ferry system has been criticized for mainly benefiting the well-off and for serving gentrifying waterfront areas such as Williamsburg.^[151] Most of the ferry stops were placed in areas where the annual income is higher than the city average.^[152] Additional criticism arose from the fact that the ferry system was not definitively planned to serve Staten Island. One writer for the Staten Island Advance noted that the only proposed NYC Ferry route to Staten Island, the Stapleton route, was not only unfunded but also redundant to the existing Staten orolining paromi.^[153]

After NYCEDC president James Patchett touted the ferry as a substitute to the subway system, Henry Grabar of Slate"s Moneybox noted that Patchett's supposition was "ludicrous" since each ferry fits fewer people than a single subway car. According to Grabar, the first half-dozen ferries in service on opening day did not even carry the same number of people in a single subway train. He said that the ferry system was not a way to improve transit access to people in transit-deserts, but as a way to spur economic development along the waterfront.^[154] Grabar wrote that subways had been the reason for early ferries' demise in the first place, and that the ferry was not an effective remedy for subway congestion. However, Grabar also stated that "the commute will be a real delight" for the few who found the ferry convenient enough.^[154]

Benjamin Kabak, a transit blogger, wrote that "the reach of the ferries is particularly narrow", out of walking distance for 94% of city residents. He also noted that the total ridership for NYC Ferry in 2017 was less than the New York City Subway's total daily ridership, and that more than three times as many people rode Citi Bike, the city's bike-share system, than took the ferry in 2017. Kabak stated that the ferry system was only a small part of the city's transit future, and that the city could easily build a engil temir yo'l line with the subsidies that it was paying to fund NYC Ferry.^[155] The Nyu-York Post editorial board wrote in June 2020, "Mayor Bill de Blasio’s favorite white elephant had turned into a real drag on the city" even before the COVID-19 pandemic, with the NYCEDC recording its first negative profits in 2019.^[156]

Tom Fox, the president of Nyu-York suv taksisi from 2001 to 2011, wrote in 2016 that the plan was marred with "an unrealistic time frame, the wrong lead agency, the selection of an inexperienced operator with no ferries, and poor planning".^[147] Fox cited the selection of Hornblower Cruises, a California-based cruise operator, despite a bid from three large ferry operators in the Nyu-York metropoliteni; the decision to build new boats for the system, instead of buying existing boats from other companies; and the fact that the new boats could accommodate fewer people than the overcrowded existing East River ferries.^[147] He noted that the city bought French motorboat engines that had never been used on passenger boats in the United States; and that since all American shipyards with expertise were not able to take new orders until 2018, the city decided to use a builder with less experience.^[147] Additionally, a reporter for DNAinfo.com wrote that Hornblower Cruises had a history of poor relations with its workers' unions.^[157] Another writer for that website stated that Hornblower had hired ticket sellers who harangued passersby in order to sell tickets for separate ferries in Lower Manhattan.^[158] The aggressive ticket-selling practice was stopped following the latter story.^[159]

Other ferries

Several ferries in the New York City area were affected when plans for NYC Ferry were made public. Nyu-York suv yo'li would give over its East River route to NYC Ferry.^[24] Nyu-York suv taksisi remained separate, but was to eliminate 200 jobs;^[24] it had stated that if it did not win the contract with the city to operate NYC Ferry, then it would shut down.^[32] Since the company did not win the NYC Ferry contract, it had been expected to shut down in October 2016,^[160] but continued operations through the end of the year before being purchased by Circle Line Sightseeing Cruises 2017 yil yanvar oyida.^[161] The city-owned Staten Island Ferry remains a separate entity.^[24] In addition, the ferry service would add 155 jobs to the Nyu-York Makoni maydon.^[24]

Due to the lack of concrete plans for any NYC Ferry routes to Staten Island, there have been tentative agreements with other ferry services to provide fast-ferry service between Staten Island and Manhattan, supplementing the city-owned route there. In April 2017, Staten Island Borough President Jeyms Oddo negotiated with NY Waterway to provide service between Sent-Jorj terminali va West Midtown feribot terminali.^[162][163] In September of the same year, private developers on the South Shore of Staten Island also negotiated with SeaStreak to run a separate fast ferry route from the South Shore to Lower Manhattan.^[164]

Adabiyotlar

Tashqi havolalar

Yo'nalish xaritasi:

• Rasmiy veb-sayt
• NYC feribot kuni Twitter
• "Kengaytirilgan feribot xizmatining xaritasi". DNAinfo.