McLaren - McLaren

Ushbu maqola "Formula-1" jamoasi haqida. Bosh kompaniya va shu jumladan sho'ba korxonalar uchun McLaren Automotive, qarang McLaren Group. Boshqa maqsadlar uchun qarang McLaren (ajralish).

Birlashgan Qirollik McLaren-Renault
McLaren logo.svg
To'liq ismMcLaren F1 jamoasi
AsosiyMcLaren Texnologiya Markazi
Woking, Surrey, Buyuk Britaniya
51 ° 20′45 ″ N. 0 ° 32′52 ″ V / 51.34583 ° N 0,54778 ° Vt / 51.34583; -0.54778Koordinatalar: 51 ° 20′45 ″ N. 0 ° 32′52 ″ V / 51.34583 ° N 0,54778 ° Vt / 51.34583; -0.54778
Jamoa asosiy (lar)Zak Braun
(Boshqaruvchi direktor)
Andreas Zaydl
(Jamoa direktori)
Poyga direktoriAndrea Stella
Texnik direktorJeyms Key
Ta'sischi (lar)Bryus Maklaren
Veb-saytwww.mclaren.com/ poyga
2020 yilgi Formula-1 bo'yicha jahon chempionati
Musobaqa haydovchilari04. Birlashgan Qirollik Lando Norris[1]
55. Ispaniya Kichik Karlos Sayns[2]
Drayvlarni sinovdan o'tkazingBelgiya Stoffel Vandurne[3]
Meksika Esteban Gutieres
Birlashgan Qirollik Pol di Resta
Birlashgan Qirollik Oliver Turvi
Birlashgan Qirollik Will Stevens
ShassiMCL35[4]
DvigatelRenault E-Tech 20[5]
ShinalarPirelli
Formula-1 Jahon chempionatidagi karerasi
Birinchi kirish1966 yil Monako Gran-prisi
Oxirgi kirish2020 yilgi Turkiya Gran-prisi
Musobaqalar kiritildi881 (877 boshlanish)
DvigatellarFord, Serenissima, BRM, Alfa Romeo, TAG, Honda, Peugeot, Mercedes, Renault
Quruvchilar
Chempionatlar		8 (1974, 1984, 1985, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1998 )
Haydovchilar
Chempionatlar		12 (1974, 1976, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1998, 1999, 2008 )
Poyga g'alabalari182
Podyumlar488
Ballar5502.5
Kutup pozitsiyalari155
Eng tezkor davralar158[a]
2019 pozitsiya4-chi (145 pts)
Arrow McLaren SP
Arrow McLaren SP logo.png
Asosiy (lar)Gil de Ferran
Sem Shmidt
Rik Peterson
AsosiyIndianapolis, Indiana, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari
SeriyaIndyCar seriyali
Musobaqa haydovchilari05. Meksika Patrisio O'Ward
07. Qo'shma Shtatlar Oliver Askev
66. Ispaniya Fernando Alonso
HomiylarArrow Electronics, Sarv yarim o'tkazgich, Lukas Oil, Tishli kalit
Ishlab chiqaruvchiChevrolet
Karyera
Debyut1970 yil Indianapolis 500 (Indianapolis )
Eng so'nggi poyga2020 yil Indianapolis 500 (Indianapolis )
Indy 500 g'alaba2 (1974, 1976 )
Poyga g'alabalari18
Kutup pozitsiyalari17

McLaren Racing Limited ingliz avtoulov poygalari asosida tashkil etilgan jamoa McLaren Texnologiya Markazi, Woking, Surrey, Angliya. McLaren eng yaxshi a sifatida tanilgan Formula-1 konstruktor va shuningdek, raqobatlashish tarixiga ega Amerika ochiq g'ildirak poygasi ham ishtirokchi, ham shassi konstruktori sifatida g'olib bo'ldi Kanada-Amerika Challenge Kubogi (Mumkin) sport avtomobil poygalari chempionat. Jamoa "Formula-1" dan keyin eng keksa faol va ikkinchi o'rinda turadi Ferrari, 182 poyga, 12 haydovchilar va sakkiz konstruktorlar chempionatida g'olib chiqqan. Jamoa bu 100 foiz sho''ba korxonasi McLaren Group.

1963 yilda Yangi Zelandiya tomonidan tashkil etilgan Bryus Maklaren, jamoa birinchi Gran-prisini qo'lga kiritdi 1968 yil Belgiya Gran-prisi Biroq, ularning eng katta muvaffaqiyati 1967 yildan 1971 yilgacha hukmronlik qilgan Can-Amda bo'lgan. Keyinchalik Amerikaning g'alabasi, McLaren avtomobillarida Indianapolis 500 g'alabasi bilan davom etdi. Mark Donox yilda 1972 va Jonni Rezerford yilda 1974 va 1976. Bryus Maklaren 1970 yilda sinov avariyasida vafot etganidan keyin, Teddi Mayer oldi va jamoani birinchi Formula-1 konstruktorlari chempionatiga olib bordi 1974, bilan Emerson Fittipaldi va Jeyms Xant 1974 yilda Haydovchilar chempionatida g'olib bo'lgan va 1976 navbati bilan. 1974 yil, shuningdek, tomonidan uzoq yillik homiylik boshlandi Filipp Morris ' Marlboro sigareta markasi.

1981 yilda McLaren bilan birlashdi Ron Dennis ' To'rt poyga loyihasi; Dennis jamoaning direktori lavozimini egallab oldi va ko'p o'tmay jamoani to'liq boshqarish uchun McLaren aksiyadorlarini sotib olishni tashkil qildi. Bu jamoaning eng muvaffaqiyatli davrini boshladi: bilan Porsche va Honda dvigatellar, Niki Lauda, Alain Prost va Ayrton Senna ular orasida ettita haydovchilar chempionati, jamoa esa oltita konstruktorlar chempionatida qatnashdi. Prost va Sennaning kombinatsiyasi ayniqsa ustun edi - ular birgalikda bitta musobaqadan tashqari barchasida g'olib bo'lishdi 1988 - ammo keyinchalik ularning raqobati keskinlashdi va Prost yo'l oldi Ferrari. Hamkasb ingliz jamoasi Uilyams ushbu davrda eng izchil muammolarni taklif qildi, ikkitasi har bir konstruktor unvonini yutdi 1984 va 1994. Biroq, 1990-yillarning o'rtalariga kelib, Honda Formula1-dan voz kechdi, Senna Uilyamsga ko'chib o'tdi va jamoa uch mavsumni g'alaba qozonmasdan o'tkazdi. Bilan Mercedes-Benz dvigatellar, G'arb homiylik va Uilyamsning sobiq dizaynerlari Adrian Newey, keyingi chempionatlar kirib keldi 1998 va 1999 haydovchi bilan Mika Xakkinen va 2000-yillar davomida jamoa doimiy etakchi, haydovchi edi Lyuis Xemilton ularning so'nggi unvonini olish 2008.

Ron Dennis uzoq vaqt McLaren xodimiga topshirgan holda, 2009 yilda McLaren jamoasi direktori lavozimida iste'foga chiqdi Martin Uitmarsh. Biroq, 2013 yil oxirida, 2004 yildan buyon jamoaning eng yomon mavsumidan so'ng, Uitmarsh chetlatildi. McLaren 2013 yilda ulardan foydalanishni e'lon qildi Honda 2015 yildan boshlab dvigatellar, almashtirish Mercedes-Benz.[6] Jamoa McLaren Honda sifatida 1992 yildan beri birinchi marta musobaqada qatnashdi 2015 yilgi Avstraliya Gran-prisi. 2017 yil sentyabr oyida McLaren dvigatel etkazib berish to'g'risida kelishib olganlarini e'lon qildi Renault 2018 yildan 2020 yilgacha. McLaren Mercedes-Benz dvigatellarini 2021 yilgi mavsumdan kamida 2024 yilgacha ishlatishga qaytadi.[7]

Dastlab qaytib kelganidan keyin Indianapolis 500 yilda 2017 sherik sifatida Andretti avtoulovi yugurmoq Fernando Alonso, McLaren 2019 yil avgustida Arrow Shmidt Peterson Motorsports bilan birgalikda ishlashlarini e'lon qildi. 2020 to'liq ishlatish IndyCar seriyali, birlashtirilgan yozuv nomlanadi Arrow McLaren SP.[8]

Kelib chiqishi

McLaren Racing jamoasining asoschisi Bryus Maklaren

Bryus McLaren Motor Racing 1963 yilda Yangi Zelandiya tomonidan tashkil etilgan Bryus Maklaren.[9] Bryus a ishlaydi inglizlar uchun haydovchi Formula-1 jamoa Kuper u bilan uchta g'alaba qozongan Gran-pri va ikkinchi o'rinda turing 1960 Jahon chempionati. Raqobatlashishni istayman Avstraliyalik Tasman seriyasi, Bryus o'z ish beruvchilariga murojaat qildi, ammo jamoa egasi Charlz Kuper Tasman qoidalari bilan ruxsat berilgan 2,5 litrli dvigatellar o'rniga 1,5 litrli Formula-1 dvigatellaridan foydalanishni talab qilganda, Bryus uni va uning istiqbolini boshqarish uchun o'z jamoasini tashkil etishga qaror qildi. Formula-1 jamoadoshi Timmi Mayer maxsus ishlab chiqarilgan Cooper avtomobillari bilan.[10]

Bryus g'olib bo'ldi 1964 seriyali, lekin Mayer amaldagi final poygasi uchun o'ldirilgan Longford davri yilda Tasmaniya. Bryus Maklaren Teddi Mayerga Rojer Penskadan Zerex sport mashinasini sotib olishda yordam berish uchun murojaat qilganida, Teddi Mayer va Bryus Maklaren biznes sherikligini muhokama qilishni boshladilar, natijada Teddi Mayer Bryus McLaren Motor Racing Limited (BMMR) ni sotib olib, oxir-oqibat uning eng yirik mashinasiga aylandi. aktsiyador.[11][12] Jamoa asoslangan edi Feltam 1963-1964 yillarda va 1965 yildan 1981 yilgacha Kolnbruk, Angliya.[13] Jamoa britaniyalikni ham ushlab turdi litsenziya.[14] Shunga qaramay, Bryus hech qachon an'anaviylardan foydalanmagan Britaniya poygasi yashil uning mashinalarida. Buning o'rniga u asoslanmagan rang sxemalarini qo'llagan milliy tamoyillar (masalan, uning birinchi mashinasi, McLaren M2B, uydirma Yamura jamoasini namoyish etish uchun yashil chiziq bilan oq rangga bo'yalgan Jon Frankenxaymer film Gran-pri ).[15]

Ushbu davrda Bryus o'z jamoasi uchun haydab ketdi sport avtomobil poygalari Buyuk Britaniyada va Shimoliy Amerikada, shuningdek 1965 yil Tasman seriyasi bilan Fil Xill, lekin uni yutmadi.[16] U Kuper uchun Gran-Prida haydashni davom ettirdi, ammo bu jamoaning shakli pasayib ketganiga qarab, 1966 yilda o'z avtomobillarida qatnashishga qaror qildi.[17]

Poyga tarixi: Formula-1

Dastlabki kunlar (1966-1967)

The McLaren M2B jamoaning birinchi Formula-1 avtomobili
The McLaren M7A 1968 yil McLaren-ga birinchi bo'ldi Formula-1 yutadi. U bu erda boshqariladi Bryus Maklaren da Nürburgring 1969 yilda.

Bryus Maklaren jamoaning Gran-prisida debyutini 1966 yil Monako poygasi (faqat hozirgi Formula-1 jamoalaridan Ferrari yoshi kattaroq[18][b]).[9] Uning poygasi to'qqizta aylanadan so'ng yakuniy neft sızıntısı tufayli yakunlandi.[20] The 1966 mashina edi M2B tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan Robin Xerd, lekin dasturni dvigatellarning noto'g'ri tanlovi to'sqinlik qildi: 3.0 litrli versiyasi Ford "s Indianapolis 500 dvigatel va a Serenissima V8 ishlatilgan, ikkinchisi jamoaning birinchi ochkosini qo'lga kiritgan Britaniya, lekin ikkalasi ham kuchsiz va ishonchsiz edi.[17][20] Uchun 1967 Bryus a dan foydalanishga qaror qildi British Racing Motors (BRM) V12 dvigatel, lekin dvigatel bilan kechikishlar tufayli dastlab o'zgartirilgan ishlatishga majbur bo'ldi Ikkinchi formula deb nomlangan mashina M4B 2,1 litrli BRM V8 bilan ishlaydi, keyinchalik shunga o'xshash, ammo biroz kattaroq mashinani yaratadi M5A V12 uchun.[20] Ikkala mashina ham katta muvaffaqiyat keltirmadi, eng yaxshi natija to'rtinchi bo'ldi Monako.

McLaren-ning asl logotipi tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan Maykl Tyorner va xususiyatli a kivi qush, Yangi Zelandiya belgisi.[21][22]

Ford-Cosworth DFV dvigatellari (1968-1982)

Uchun 1968 O'tgan ikki yil davomida McLaren-ning yagona kirishini boshqargandan so'ng, Bryusga 1967 yilgi chempion va yangi zelandiyalik hamkasb qo'shildi. Denni Xulme, allaqachon McLaren uchun poyga qilgan Mumkin.[23][24] O'sha yil yangi M7A mashina, Xerdning jamoa uchun yakuniy dizayni tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan Kosvort yangi va tez orada hamma joyda bo'ladi DFV dvigatel[25][26] (DFV 1983 yilgacha McLaren tomonidan ishlatilishi mumkin edi) va shu bilan shaklda katta o'zgarish yuz berdi. Bryus g'olib bo'ldi Chempionlar poygasi da Brendlar Hatch tuman va Xulme g'alaba qozondi Xalqaro sovrin da Kumush tosh, har ikkala chempionat poygasi,[27] oldin Bryus jamoasining birinchi chempionlik g'alabasini qo'lga kiritganidan oldin Belgiya Gran-prisi.[28] Xulme ham g'alaba qozondi Italyancha va Kanadalik Yilning oxirida Gran-Pri, jamoaga Konstruktorlar chempionatida ikkinchi o'rinni egallashga yordam berdi. M7-da yangilangan 'C' versiyasidan foydalanib,[29] Bryus keyingi uchta shohsupani yakunladi 1969 Ammo jamoaning beshinchi g'alabasi Xulme g'alaba qozongan 1969 yilgi chempionatning so'nggi musobaqasini kutishi kerak edi Meksika Gran-prisi. O'sha yili McLaren tajriba o'tkazdi to'rt g'ildirakli haydovchi ichida M9A, lekin mashinada faqat bitta chiqish joyi bor edi Derek Bell da Britaniya Gran-prisi; Bryus uni haydashni "kimdir sizning tirsagingiz bilan yugurib imzoingizni yozishga urinish" kabi ta'riflagan.[30]

Yil 1970 Dastlabki ikkita Gran-Prida Xulme va Bryus uchun har biri ikkinchi o'rin bilan boshlandi, ammo iyun oyida Bryus avtohalokatda halok bo'ldi Gudvud yangi M8D Can-Am avtomobilini sinovdan o'tkazishda.[29] Uning o'limidan so'ng Teddi Mayer jamoani samarali nazorat qilishni o'z zimmasiga oldi;[12] Xulme davom etdi Dan Gurney va Piter Getin unga sheriklik qilish. Gurney "Mosport" va "Sent-Jovit" da bo'lib o'tgan "Can-Am" musobaqalarida dastlabki ikki g'alabani qo'lga kiritdi va uchinchi o'rinda to'qqizinchi o'rinni egalladi, ammo mavsum o'rtalarida jamoani tark etdi va Getin o'sha joyni egallab oldi. Esa 1971 Xulme ochilish bosqichini boshqarganida umidvorlik bilan boshlandi Janubiy Afrika singan suspenziya bilan nafaqaga chiqishdan oldin,[31] oxir-oqibat Xulme, Getin (mavsum o'rtalarida BRMga ketgan,[32]) va Jeki Oliver yana g'alaba qozona olmadi. 1972 yilgi mavsumda yaxshilanishlar kuzatildi: Xulme ikki yarim yil davomida jamoaning birinchi Gran-prisini yutdi Janubiy Afrika va u va Piter Revson o'nta shohsupani qo'lga kiritdi va jamoa Konstruktorlar chempionatida uchinchi o'rinni egalladi. McLaren berdi Jody Scheckter uning Formula-1 debyuti final poyga da Uotkins Glen.[32] McLaren-ning barcha haydovchilari Ford-Cosworth dvigatellaridan foydalanganlar, bundan mustasno Andrea de Adamich va Nanni Galli kim dvigatellardan foydalangan Alfa Romeo 1970 yilda.

Emerson Fittipaldi 1974 yilda McLaren bilan haydovchilar chempionatida g'olib chiqdi.

The McLaren M23, Gordon Coppuck tomonidan ishlab chiqarilgan, jamoaning yangi avtomobili edi 1973 mavsum.[32] Ikkala McLaren's Formula One dizayn qismlari bilan bo'lishish M19 va Indianapolis M16 avtomobillari (o'zi ilhomlantirgan Lotus "s 72 ),[33] bu to'rt yil davomida asosiy tayanch edi.[34] Bunda Xulme g'alaba qozondi Shvetsiya va Revson karerasidagi yagona Gran-pri g'olibligini qo'lga kiritdi Britaniya va Kanada. Yilda 1974, Emerson Fittipaldi, ikki yil oldin Lotus bilan jahon chempioni, McLaren tarkibiga qo'shildi.[35] Xulme, "Formula-1" so'nggi kampaniyasida,[36] g'olib bo'ldi Argentinalik mavsumni ochuvchi; G'olib bo'lgan Fittipaldi Braziliya, Belgiya va Kanada, Haydovchilar chempionatini oldi. Bu mavsum yakunida to'rtinchisi bilan chempionlikni qo'lga kiritgan Fittipaldi uchun yaqin kurash bo'ldi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Gran-prisi, uni Ferrari-dan uch ochkoga ortda qoldirdi Gil Regazzoni. Xulme va bir nechta mototsikl bo'yicha jahon chempioni bilan Mayk Xeylvud, shuningdek, u McLaren-ning birinchi Konstruktorlar chempionatiga muhr bosdi. Yil 1975 jamoa uchun unchalik muvaffaqiyatli bo'lmagan: Fittipaldi chempionatda ikkinchi o'rinda edi Niki Lauda. Xulme o'rnini egalladi Jochen massasi GPning yagona g'alabasini qo'lga kiritdi Ispaniya.

1975 yil oxirida Fittipaldi akasining akasiga qo'shilish uchun ketdi Fittipaldi / Copersucar jamoa.[35] Boshqa haydovchilar bilan imzolangan eng yaxshi haydovchilar bilan Mayer murojaat qildi Jeyms Xant, haydovchisi, unda biograf Gerald Donaldson "shubhali obro'ga ega" deb aks etgan.[37] Yilda 1976, Lauda yana Ferrari-da kuchli edi; Mavsumda u chempionatni 56 ochko bilan boshqargan bo'lsa, Xant g'alaba qozonganiga qaramay atigi 26 ochko to'plagan Ispaniya (u dastlab diskvalifikatsiya qilingan musobaqa[38]) va Frantsiya. Da Germaniya Gran-prisi ammo, Lauda og'ir halokatga uchradi, deyarli o'ldirildi va keyingi ikki musobaqani o'tkazib yubordi.[39] Hunt yana to'rtta Gran-pri g'olibi bilan kapitalizatsiya qilib, unga uch ochkolik kamomadni taqdim etib, finalga yo'l oldi Yaponiya. Bu erda shiddatli yomg'ir yog'di, Xavfsizlik sababli Lauda nafaqaga chiqdi va Hunt haydovchilar chempionatini uchinchi o'rinni egallab muhrladi.[38] Maklaren Konstruktorlar chempionatida Ferrariga yutqazdi.

Yilda 1977, M23 asta-sekin bilan almashtirildi M26, M23-ning so'nggi chiqishlari Gilles Villeneuve Formula-1 ning debyuti jamoa bilan bir martalik ko'rinishda Britaniya Gran-prisi.[40][41] Xant o'sha yili uch marotaba g'alaba qozondi, ammo Lauda va Ferrari kombinatsiyasi juda kuchli bo'lib chiqdi, Xant va Maklaren tegishli chempionatlarda faqat beshinchi va uchinchi o'rinlarni egallashdi. U erdan natijalar yomonlashishda davom etdi. Lotus va Mario Andretti oldi 1978 unvonlari bilan 78 va 79 erga ta'sir mashinalar[42] va na Hunt, na Massning o'rnini bosuvchi Patrik Tambay noan'anaviy M26 bilan jiddiy kurash olib borishga muvaffaq bo'ldi.[43] Hunt 1978 yil oxirida Lotus foydasiga tashlandi Ronni Peterson, lekin Peterson avtohalokatda halok bo'lganida Italiya Gran-prisi, Jon Uotson o'rniga, imzolangan.[44] Hech qanday yaxshilanish yuz bermadi 1979; Coppuck M28 dizayn Mayer tomonidan "dahshatli, falokat" va "juda chalkashlik" va M29 vaziyatni o'zgartirish uchun ozgina harakat qildi.[44] Yil oxirida Tambay hech qanday ochko, Uotson esa atigi 15 ochko to'play olmadi.

Birinchi nafaqaga chiqqanidan besh yil o'tgach, Lauda uchinchi unvoniga sazovor bo'ldi a McLaren MP4 / 2.
Alain Prost, bu erda tasvirlangan 1985 yil Germaniya Gran-prisi, McLaren bilan uchta haydovchilar chempionatida g'olib chiqdi.
Bilan jihozlangan Honda dvigatellari va Prostning haydash kuchi va Ayrton Senna uchun 1988, McLaren mavsumda hukmronlik qildi va bitta musobaqadan boshqasida g'alaba qozondi. Senna "Prost" bilan bir mavsum davom etgan jangdan so'ng o'zining birinchi jahon chempionligini qo'lga kiritdi.

1980-yillar 1970-yillarning tugashi bilan boshlandi: Alain Prost Tambaydan egallab oldi[45] ammo Uotson va u kamdan-kam hollarda ochko to'plashdi. O'tgan yildan beri asosiy homiy tomonidan kuchaygan bosim ostida Filipp Morris va ularning ijrochi direktori Jon Xogan, Mayer McLaren bilan birlashishga majbur qilingan Ron Dennis Loyiha to'rt formulalar jamoasi, shuningdek, Filipp Morris tomonidan homiylik qilingan.[46][47] Dennis dizaynerga ega edi Jon Barnard kimdan ilhomlangan uglerod tolasi orqa qanotlari BMW M1 To'rtinchi loyiha tayyorlayotgan poyga mashinalarida odatdagidek uglerod tolasidan yasalgan innovatsion Formula 1 shassisi g'oyalari bor edi alyuminiy qotishmasi.[48] O'z-o'zidan ularni qurish uchun mablag 'etishmadi, ammo birlashish bilan kelgan sarmoyalar bilan u aylandi McLaren MP4 (keyinchalik MP4 / 1 deb nomlangan) ning 1981, Watson tomonidan boshqariladi va Andrea de Sezaris.[49][50] MP4 da Watson g'olib chiqdi Britaniya Gran-prisi va yana uchta shohsupani yakunlashdi. Birlashgandan ko'p o'tmay, McLaren Colnbrookdan Uoking va Dennisdagi yangi bazaga ko'chib o'tdi va Mayer dastlab kompaniyaning boshqaruvchi direktorligini bo'lishdi; 1982 yilga kelib Mayer ketgan va Tayler Aleksandr va uning aktsiyalarini yangi egalar sotib olgan.[51][52]

TAG-Porsche va Honda dvigatellari (1983–1992)

1980-yillarning boshlarida jamoalar yoqadi Renault, Ferrari va Brabxem 1,5 litrdan foydalangan turbochargali dvigatellari 3,0 litr foydasiga tabiiy ravishda ishlaydigan dvigatellar 1966 yildan beri standart bo'lib kelgan.[26] 1982 yilda o'zlarining turbo dvigateliga ehtiyoj borligini ko'rgan Dennis bunga amin bo'lgan Uilyams qo'llab-quvvatlovchi D'Avant Garde texnikasi (TAG) mablag 'ajratish uchun Porsche - Barnard talablariga binoan qurilgan, TAG markali turbo dvigatellar; TAG asoschisi Mansur Ojjeh keyinchalik McLaren aktsiyadoriga aylanadi. Qolaversa, ular Cosworth dvigatellari bilan ishlashni davom ettirishdi, chunki eski raqib Lauda 1982 yilda pensiyadan chiqib, MP4 ning o'sha yilgi 1B rivojlanishida Uotson bilan yonma-yon yurdi.[49][53][54] Ularning har biri ikkita musobaqada g'olib bo'lishdi, ayniqsa Uotson katakchada 17-o'rinni egallab turibdi Detroyt,[49] va mavsumning bir bosqichida McLaren konstruktorlar chempionatida ikkinchi bo'ldi. Bilan nizoning bir qismi sifatida FISA, ular boykot qildi San-Marino Gran-prisi.[55] Garchi 1983 u qadar samarali bo'lmagan, Uotson yana AQShda g'alaba qozondi, bu safar 22-dan boshlab Long Beach.[56]

Renault tomonidan ishdan bo'shatilganidan keyin Prost yana McLaren-da edi 1984.[57] Endi TAG dvigatellaridan foydalanib, jamoa ustunlik qildi va 12 ta g'alaba va eng yaqin raqib Ferrari-dan ikki yarim baravar ko'p konstruktorlar ochkolarini qo'lga kiritdi. Haydovchilar chempionatida Lauda Prostdan yarim ochko farqi bilan ustun keldi, bu esa eng kichik farq.[58] McLaren-TAGlar yana kuchli edi 1985; uchinchi konstruktorlar chempionati o'z yo'lini bosib o'tdi, bu safar Prost haydovchilar chempionatida g'olib chiqdi. Yilda 1986, Uilyams jamoa ular bilan qayta tiklandi Honda dvigatel va haydovchilar Nayjel Mansell va Nelson Piket, McLaren-da, Lauda o'rnini egallagan, 1982 yilgi chempion Keke Rosberg mashina bilan gel qila olmadi. Uilyams Konstruktorlar chempionatida qatnashdi, ammo Prost g'olib chiqdi San-Marino, Monako va Avstriya Uilyams haydovchilarining bir-birlaridan ochko olishlari bilan birlashganda, u so'nggi musobaqaga chiqish imkoniyatini saqlab qoldi Avstraliya Gran-prisi. U erda Mansell uchun ponksiyon va Pikuet uchun ehtiyotkorlik bilan to'xtab turish Prostga poyga g'olibligini va ikkinchi unvonini berdi va shu bilan u o'zining ketma-ket chempionligini yutgan birinchi haydovchiga aylandi. Jek Brabxem yilda 1959 va 1960 yil.[59] Yilda 1987 Barnard uning o'rniga Ferrari-ga yo'l oldi Stiv Nikols (o'zi Ferrari-ga 1989 yilda qo'shilgan).[60][61][62] Prost va Stefan Yoxansson bo'lsa-da, Nikolsniki MP4 / 3 va TAG dvigateli Uilyams-Honda bilan tenglasha olmadi.

Uchun 1988, Honda ularning ta'minotini McLaren-ga o'zgartirdi va Prost tomonidan rag'batlantirilib, Dennis imzoladi Ayrton Senna haydash.[63] Turbo avtoulovlarning bosimini va yonilg'i quvvatini (va shuning uchun quvvatni) kamaytiradigan qoidalarga qaramay, Honda turbomotor bilan ishladi.[64] In MP4 / 4, Senna va Prost bir necha mavsum davom etgan jangda qatnashib, 16 musobaqadan 15 tasida g'alaba qozonishdi (boshqa musobaqada) Monza, Senna bemalol etakchilik qilayotgan edi, ammo orqa belgi bilan to'qnashdi Jan-Lui Shlesser[65]). Da Portugaliya Gran-prisi, Senna Prostni chuqur devoriga siqib qo'yganida, ularning munosabatlari yomonlashdi; Prost g'alaba qozondi, ammo keyinroq: "Bu xavfli edi. Agar u jahon chempionatini istasa, unga ega bo'lishi mumkin", dedi.[66] O'sha yili Prost ko'proq ochko to'plagan, ammo faqat eng yaxshi 11 ta natija hisoblanganligi sababli, Senna so'nggi musobaqada unvonni qo'lga kiritdi Yaponiya.[67][68]

Keyingi yil, turbo taqiqlangan holda, Honda yangi 3,5-L tabiiy aspiratsiyasini etkazib berdi V10 dvigatel[69] va McLaren yana ikkala unvonni ham MP4 / 5. Ularning haydovchilarining munosabatlari yomonlashishda davom etdi, ayniqsa, qachon bo'lganida San-Marino Gran-prisi, Prost, Senna birinchi burchakda bir-biridan o'tmaslik to'g'risidagi kelishuvdan voz kechganini sezdi.[70] Honda va Dennis Sennani qo'llab-quvvatlayotganiga ishongan Prost mavsum o'rtalarida keyingi yil Ferrari-da haydash uchun ketishini e'lon qildi.[71] Ikkinchi yil ketma-ket Haydovchilar chempionati Yaponiya Gran-prisi, bu safar Senna va u to'qnashgandan keyin Prost foydasiga (Senna dastlab tuzalib, poygada g'olib chiqdi, ammo keyinchalik diskvalifikatsiya qilindi).[72]

By 1993, Honda F1-dan chiqib ketgan va jamoa kuch ishlatmagan Ford V8 dvigatellari quvvatini kuchaytirish MP4 / 8. Garchi Ayrton Senna (rasmda Germaniya GP ) beshta musobaqada g'olib chiqdi, McLaren dominant uchun o'yin bo'lmadi Uilyams jamoa. Keyin 1993 yil Avstraliya Gran-prisi, jamoa musobaqada g'olib chiqa olmadi 1997.
Mika Xakkinen g'olib bo'ldi 1998 va 1999 McLaren bilan haydovchilar chempionati. U bu erda ko'rsatilgan 1999 yil Kanada Gran-prisi, u g'olib bo'lgan tadbir.

McLaren-ning sobiq odamlari bilan Nikols va Prost (Barnard ko'chib o'tgan edi) Benetton Ferrari ingliz jamoasini yanada yaqinlashtirdi 1990. McLaren, o'z navbatida, Ferrari-ni olib keldi Gerxard Berger, lekin avvalgi ikki mavsum singari, Haydovchilar chempionati Prost va Senna tomonidan boshqarilib, joylashdilar Yaponiyada oldingi musobaqa. Bu erda Senna birinchi burchakda Prost bilan to'qnashib, ikkalasini ham nafaqaga chiqishga majbur qildi, ammo bu safar Senna jazodan qochib, unvonga sazovor bo'ldi;[73] McLaren konstruktorlar chempionatida ham g'olib bo'ldi. The 1991 Maklaren va Senna uchun yil yana bir bor ko'tarildi Renault - Uilyams jamoasini eng yaqin da'vogarlari. By 1992, Uilyams, ularning ilg'orlari bilan FW14B mashina,[74] McLaren-ni ortda qoldirib, to'rt yillik chempionlik chempionligini buzdi, garchi ikkinchisi o'sha yili beshta musobaqada g'alaba qozongan bo'lsa ham.

Ford, Lamborghini va Peugeot dvigatellari (1993–1994)

1992 yil oxirida Honda sportga kirishi sababli sportni tark etdi CART PPG Indy Car World Series 1993 yilda McLaren yangi dvigatel etkazib beruvchisini izladi. Renault dvigatellarini xavfsizligi bo'yicha shartnoma tuzildi, keyinchalik McLaren mijozga o'tdi Ford uchun dvigatellar 1993 mavsum.[75] Senna - dastlab yil davomida imzolashdan oldin faqat poyga-poyga shartnomasiga rozi bo'lgan[76][77]- besh marotaba g'alaba qozondi, shu qatorda oltinchi g'alabani rekord o'rnatdi Monako va g'alaba Evropa Gran-prisi, u erda u beshinchi pog'onadan birinchi pog'onaga ko'tarilish davriga o'tdi.[78] Uning jamoadoshi, 1991 yil IndyCar chempion Maykl Andretti, juda yomonroq natijaga erishdi: u atigi etti ochkoni qo'lga kiritdi va uning o'rnini sinov haydovchisi egalladi Mika Xakkinen mavsumning so'nggi uch turida.[79][80] Oxir oqibat Uilyams ikkala unvonni ham qo'lga kiritdi va 1993 yilda u erga ko'chib o'tishni yoqtirgan Senna ular bilan imzolandi 1994 mavsum.[75][81] 1993 yilgi mavsumda McLaren etti qismda qatnashdi BBC televideniesi deb nomlangan hujjatli film McLaren bilan mavsum.[82]

McLaren sinovdan o'tkazdi Lamborghini Oldida V12 dvigatel 1994 mavsumi, o'sha paytdagi Lamborghini egasi bilan tuzilishi mumkin bo'lgan kelishuvning bir qismi sifatida Chrysler, oxir-oqibat foydalanishga qaror qilishdan oldin Peugeot dvigatellar. Peugeot kuchi bilan MP4 / 9 Hekkinen tomonidan boshqarilgan va Martin Brundl, mavsum davomida sakkizta shohsupaga erishganiga qaramay, g'alaba qozonilmadi. Peugeot bir yildan keyin McLaren-ning potentsial poyga g'alabalariga olib keladigan ko'plab dvigatellarning ishlamay qolishi / ishonchsizligi sababli tushib ketgan va ular Mercedes-Benz - markali, Ilmor - mo'ljallangan dvigatel.[83]

Mercedes sherikligi (1998–2014)

Mercedes bilan ittifoq sekin boshladi: 1995 "s MP4 / 10 avtoulov oldingi o'rinda emas va Brundlning o'rnini bosuvchi, sobiq chempion edi Nayjel Mansell, dastlab mashinaga sig‘may qoldi va atigi ikki poygadan so‘ng jo‘nab ketdi Mark Blundell uning o'rnini egallash.[84]

Uilyams ustunlik qilgan bo'lsa-da 1996, McLaren, hozir bilan Devid Kulthard Xakkinen bilan birga,[85] ketma-ket uchinchi mavsumni g'alabasiz o'tdi. Yilda 1997 ammo, Coulthard mavsumning ochilishida g'alaba qozonib, ushbu seriyani buzdi Avstraliya Gran-prisi; Xekkinen va u har biri mavsum oxiriga qadar yana bir musobaqada g'olib bo'lishadi va yuqori baholangan dizayner Adrian Newey o'sha yilning avgust oyida Uilyamsdan jamoaga qo'shildi.[86] Avtoulovning tezligi yaxshilanganiga qaramay, ishonchsizlik mavsum davomida qimmatga tushdi va nafaqaga chiqish paytida Inglizlar va Lyuksemburg Gran-pri, Xekkinen etakchi bo'lgan paytda sodir bo'ldi.

1998–2006

Newey bilan yangi texnik reglamentlardan foydalanishi mumkin 1998,[87] va Uilyams o'z ishlarini Renault dvigatellaridan mahrum qilishlari bilan, McLaren yana chempionlik uchun kurashishga muvaffaq bo'ldi; F1 poygasi Jurnal o'zlarining chempionlik umidlarini oshirishning yagona yo'li Ferrari-ning ikki karra chempionini yollash ekanligini ta'kidladi Mixael Shumaxer.[88] Xekkinen va Kultard jamoaning taqiqlanishiga qaramay dastlabki oltita poygadan beshtasida g'olib bo'lishdi "tormoz boshqaruvchisi" kamaytirish uchun orqa tormoz tizimlarini yakka tartibda ishlashiga imkon beruvchi tizim astarli, Ferrari-ning ikkinchi musobaqadagi noroziligidan keyin Braziliya.[89][90][91] Shumaxer va Ferrari eng katta raqobatni ta'minladilar, birinchisi, Xekkinen bilan ikki poyga qolganida ochkolar bo'yicha tenglashdi, ammo Xakkinen uchun g'alaba qozondi Lyuksemburg va Yapon Gran-pri unga haydovchilar va McLaren konstruktorlar chempionatini taqdim etdi. Hekkinen ikkinchi haydovchilar chempionatida g'olib chiqdi keyingi mavsumda, lekin haydovchilar xatolari va mexanik nosozliklar kombinatsiyasi tufayli jamoa konstruktorlar unvonini Ferrari-ga yo'qotdi.

Mexanika surish Kimi Raykönen uchun saralash paytida MP4-19-ni garajga AQSh Gran-prisi da Indianapolis 2004 yilda.

Yil 2000 bu so'nggi yutuqlarning takrorlanishi emas edi: McLaren Ferrari bilan yaqin kurashda etti musobaqada g'alaba qozondi, ammo oxir-oqibat ikkala musobaqada ham Ferrari va Shumaxer ustun keldi. Bu Ferrari Formula-1 boshidagi o'rnini mustahkamlaganligi sababli shakl pasayishning boshlanishi edi. Yilda 2001, Xekkinen 1997 yildan beri birinchi marta Kultarddan ustun keldi va nafaqaga chiqdi (Formula 1ning eng uzoq haydovchi sherikligini tugatdi), uning o'rnini egalladi Kimi Raykönen,[92] keyin 2002, Kultard yakka g'alabani qo'lga kiritdi Monako Ferrari esa McLaren-ning 1988 yilgi mavsumda 15 g'alabani takrorlaganini takrorladi.

Yil 2003 Dastlabki ikkita Gran-Prida Kultard va Raykkönenga bittadan g'alaba bilan juda umidvor boshlandi. Biroq, ularga to'sqinlik qilishdi MP4-18 o'sha yilga mo'ljallangan avtomobil avtohalokat sinovlari va ishonchliligi bilan bog'liq muammolarni boshdan kechirdi, bu ularni eski "D" ishlab chiqarishni davom ettirishga majbur qildi. MP4-17 ular dastlab rejalashtirgandan ko'ra ko'proq vaqt.[93] Shunga qaramay, Raykönen doimiy ravishda ochko to'plagan va final poygasigacha chempionlik uchun kurash olib borgan va yakunda ikki ochko yo'qotgan. Jamoa boshladi 2004 bilan MP4-19, uni texnik direktor Adrian Nyuni "[MP4-18] disk raskadrovka qilingan versiyasi" deb ta'riflagan.[93] Ammo bu muvaffaqiyatga erisha olmadi va uning o'rnini MP4-19B almashtirdi. Bu bilan Raykönen jamoadagi va bu yilgi yagona g'alabasini qo'lga kiritdi Belgiya Gran-prisi, McLaren Konstruktorlar chempionatida beshinchi o'rinni egallaganligi sababli, 1983 yildan beri ularning eng yomon reytingi.

Kultard ketdi Red Bull Racing yilda 2005 o'rniga sobiq CART chempioni keltiriladi Xuan Pablo Montoya chunki Maklaren bir necha yil ichida eng muvaffaqiyatli mavsum bo'lgan, chunki u Raykkönen bilan o'nta musobaqada g'olib chiqqan. Biroq, ikkala jamoa ham mavsumning dastlabki bosqichlarida nima uchun mashina o'z shinalarini to'g'ri qizdira olmaganligini va umuman ishonchsizligini aniqlay olmayapti. MP4-20 Raykönen etakchilik qilgan yoki g'olib bo'lish uchun kurash olib borganida, shuningdek, unga ba'zi saralash mashg'ulotlarida grid pozitsiyalarini qimmatga tushirib, Renault va ularning haydovchisiga imkon berganida, bir qator poyga g'alabalarini talab qildi Fernando Alonso har ikkala unvonni ham katta harflar bilan yozib olish.

Kimi Raykönen haydovchilar chempionatiga da'vogarlik qildi 2005.

Yilda 2006, Ferraris va Renault jamoalarining yuqori ishonchliligi va tezligi so'nggi o'n yil ichida birinchi marta jamoaga har qanday g'alabalarni qo'lga kiritishiga to'sqinlik qilgani sababli, jamoa o'tgan yilgi yaxshi shaklga asoslana olmadi. Montoya raqobatdoshlari bilan raqobatlashadigan kompaniya bilan ajralib ketdi NASCAR keyin Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Gran-prisi, u boshida Raykönen bilan to'qnashgan; sinov haydovchisi Pedro de la Roza mavsumning qolgan qismida deputat.[94] Jamoa yil oxirida Raykönenni Ferrariga yutqazdi.[95]

Stiv Mathett McLaren-ning 2006 yildagi va so'nggi o'tgan yillardagi ishonchliligi jamoaning uzluksizligi va barqarorligining yo'qligi bilan bog'liqligini ta'kidladi.[96] Uning beqarorlikning keltirilgan misollari - bu o'tish bilan bog'liq logistik muammolar McLaren Texnologiya Markazi, Adrian Nyuning bekor qilingan harakati Yaguar va keyinchalik Red Bull-ga, keyinchalik Neweyning o'rinbosarining Red Bull-ga o'tishi va Ilmorda kadrlar o'zgarishi.[96]

Fernando Alonso yilda McLaren bilan qiyin va munozarali yilni o'tkazdi 2007.
2007–2014

The 2007 Mavsumda bir yil oldin shartnoma imzolagan Fernando Alonso bor edi.[97] Formula-1 debyutanti va uzoq yillik McLaren protegi qatorida poyga Lyuis Xemilton.[98] Bu juftlik to'rttadan g'alabani qo'lga kiritdi va yil davomida haydovchilar chempionatida etakchilik qildi, ammo jamoada ziddiyatlar yuzaga keldi, ba'zi sharhlovchilar Alonso Xemiltonning raqobatbardoshligini engishga qodir emasligini ta'kidlashdi.[99] Da Vengriya Gran-prisi, Alonso saralash paytida jamoadoshiga qasddan to'sqinlik qilgan deb topildi, shu sababli jamoaga ushbu tadbirda Konstruktorlar ochkolarini yig'ish taqiqlandi.[100] Darhaqiqat, McLaren jamoasi ichidagi ichki kelishuvda haydovchilar muqobil ravishda saralash uchun qo'shimcha aylanaga ega bo'lishlari, Lyuis Xemiltonning Alonsoning qarorini tushuntirib, Vengriya Gran-prisiga qabul qilishdan bosh tortgani aytilgan edi. Keyinchalik, McLaren jamoasi tomonidan tekshirildi FIA Ferrari avtomashinasining mufassal batafsil texnik loyihalariga egalik qilganingiz uchun - "Spygate" deb nomlangan bahs. Birinchi tinglovda McLaren rahbariyati doimiy ravishda bitta "yolg'onchi muhandis" ni ayblab, barcha bilimlarni rad etdi. Biroq, so'nggi sud majlisida McLaren aybdor deb topildi va jamoa Konstruktorlar chempionatidan chetlashtirildi va 100 million dollar jarimaga tortildi.[101] Haydovchilar penaltisiz davom etishlariga ruxsat berishdi va Xemilton haydovchilar chempionatini final poygasiga olib chiqqanda Braziliya, Ferrari-dagi Raykönen poyga va Haydovchilar chempionatida g'olib chiqdi, bu ikkala McLaren haydovchisidan bir ochko oldinda. Noyabr oyida Alonso va Maklaren o'zaro kelishuv asosida shartnomani bekor qilishga kelishib oldilar, Xeyki Kovalaynen bo'sh o'rindiqni Xemilton bilan to'ldirish.[102][103]

Lyuis Xemilton yutuq 2008 yilda mavsumni ochish poygasi Avstraliya va unvonga sazovor bo'ldi.

Yilda 2008, Hamilton va Ferraris o'rtasida yaqin kurash boshlandi Felipe Massa va Raykönen; Xemilton besh marotaba g'alaba qozondi va marraga birinchi bo'lib etib kelganiga qaramay Belgiya Gran-prisi, u bosib o'tishda chikanani kesib noqonuniy ustunlikka erishgan deb hisoblangan va bahsli ravishda uchinchi darajaga tushirilgan.[104] Ga kirish Braziliyadagi final poygasi, Xemilton Massa ustidan etti ochkoga ega edi. Massa u erda g'alaba qozondi, ammo Xemilton poyga so'nggi davrasining so'nggi burchagida kerakli beshinchi pozitsiyaga o'tib, birinchi haydovchilar chempionatini keskin ravishda qo'lga kiritdi. Birinchi Gran-prisini yutganiga qaramay Vengriya, Kovalainen mavsumni umumiy hisobda ettinchi bo'lib yakunladi va Ferrariga konstruktorlar unvonini olishga imkon berdi.

Boshlanishidan oldin 2009 mavsumda, Dennis mas'uliyatni o'z zimmasiga olgan holda, jamoa direktori sifatida iste'foga chiqdi Martin Uitmarsh,[105] ammo yil yomon boshlandi: the MP4-24 mashina tezligidan chiqib ketgan va styuardlarni adashtirgani uchun jamoaga uch poyga to'xtatib qo'yilgan Avstraliyalik va Malayziya Gran-pri.[106] Ushbu dastlabki muammolarga qaramay, kech uyg'onish Xamiltonda g'alaba qozondi Venger va Singapur Gran-pri. McLaren o'sha yilgi chempionni imzoladi, Jenson tugmasi, Kovalaynenni Hamilton bilan birga almashtirish 2010.[107]

Tugma ikki marta g'alaba qozondi (yilda.) Avstraliya va Xitoy ) va Xemilton uch marta (yilda.) kurka, Kanada va Belgiya ), ammo ular va McLaren o'sha yilgi o'z chempionatlarida g'alaba qozona olmadilar MP4-25 asosan Red Bullnikidan ustun keldi RB6.

Xemilton va Tugma jamoada qoldi 2011, Xemilton uchta musobaqada g'olib bo'lganligi bilan - Xitoy, Germaniya va Abu-Dabi va tugma uchta musobaqada g'olib chiqdi - Kanada, Vengriya va Yaponiya. Tugma haydovchilar chempionatini 2011 yilgi haydovchilar chempionidan 270 ochko ortda qoldirib ikkinchi o'rinda yakunladi Sebastyan Fettel ning Red Bull Racing, Xemiltonning 227 ochkosidan oldinda. Maklaren Konstruktorlar chempionatida Red Bull Racingdan keyin ikkinchi bo'ldi.

Serxio Peres da McLaren uchun haydash 2013 yil Malayziya Gran-prisi

2012 yilda McLaren yilning birinchi musobaqasida g'olib chiqdi Avstraliya Tugmachani va Xemiltonni 1-3 hisobida tugatgan bo'lsa, Xemilton g'alaba qozonishga davom etdi Kanada Ammo jamoaning Silverstondagi uy musobaqasida mavsumning o'rtalarida McLaren avtomobillari faqat sakkizinchi o'rinni (Xemilton) va 10-o'rinni (Tugma) boshqargan, haydovchilar va konstruktorlar chempionatida esa Red Bull ustunlik qilgan. Racing va Ferrari, ularning mashinalari birinchi to'rtlikni egallagan Britaniya Gran-prisi, bu qisman pit-stop muammolari va Tugmachaning Xamilton kabi yangi avtomobili bilan ishlamasligi va Pirelli shinalariga moslashmaganligi sababli shaklini yo'qotishi bilan bog'liq edi. Shuningdek, mashina ishonchliligi bilan bog'liq muammolarga duch keldi, bu esa jamoaga va uning haydovchilariga ko'plab potentsial nuqtalarni, ayniqsa, zarar etkazdi Singapur va Abu-Dabi, Hamilton ikkala poygada ham oldingidan etakchi bo'lgan.[108]

Serxio Peres o'rniga Xemilton o'rnini egalladi 2013, Xemilton ketishga qaror qilgandan keyin Mercedes.[109][110] Jamoaning mavsum uchun mashinasi, MP4-28, 2013 yil 31 yanvarda ishga tushirilgan.[111] Avtomobil boshqa eng yaxshi jamoalar bilan raqobatlashishga qiynaldi va mavsumda McLaren birinchi marta shohsupani yakunlay olmadi. 1980.[112]

Jenson tugmasi oxirgi haydash Mercedes - dedi McLaren 2014 yil Xitoy Gran-prisi

Kevin Magnussen o'rniga Peres o'rnini egalladi 2014, va jamoaning asosiy rolidan ketganidan beri qo'lida bo'lgan Ron Dennis operatsiya bosh direktori sifatida qaytdi.[112] McLaren o'zining 2014 yildagi rasmiy avtomobilini rasman taqdim etgan birinchi jamoa bo'ldi MP4-29, bu 2014 yil 24-yanvarda aniqlangan.[112] Ular 2014 yilni asosan muvaffaqiyatsiz o'tkazdilar; ularning eng yaxshi natijasi Avstraliya qaerda - keyin Daniel Rikkardo Ikkinchi o'rindan diskvalifikatsiya - Magnussen ikkinchi, Tugma uchinchi. Keyinchalik tugma to'rtinchi o'rinni egalladi Kanada, Britaniya va Rossiya. Ularning eng yuqori ko'rsatkichi Buyuk Britaniyada edi.[113]

Honda dvigatellari (2015–2017)

Alonso (№14) va Tugma (№22) qatorida astern 2015 yil Malayziya Gran-prisi

Uchun 2015, McLaren Mercedes bilan o'zlarining dvigatellar bo'yicha bitimini yakunladilar, shu qatorda Mercedes jamoada bo'lgan 40% ulushini sotib olishdi va Honda bilan tarixiy hamkorlikni qayta tikladilar. Uzoq vaqtdan so'ng jamoa Fernando Alonso va Jenson Tugmachalarni poyga haydovchilari deb e'lon qildi, Kevin Magnussen esa sinov haydovchisi lavozimidan tushirildi. Mavsum oldi sinovlari paytida Barselona-Kataloniya aylanasi fevral oyida Alonso miya chayqalishini oldi va natijada Kevin Magnussen uni mavsumni ochilishida almashtirdi Avstraliya Gran-prisi mart oyida. Mavsumning o'sha ochilish poygasida Jenson Button 11-o'rinni egalladi, ammo ikki marotaba mag'lubiyatga uchradi va yakunlovchi mashinalarning oxirgisi bo'ldi.[114] Honda dvigatelining raqobatchilariga nisbatan kuchsizligi haqidagi ancha ishonchsizlik va dastlabki takliflardan so'ng, barqaror ishlash natijalari tugmachani oltinchi turda jamoaning mavsumdagi birinchi (to'rt) ochkosini olishga muvaffaq bo'ldi. Monako.[115] Aksincha, Alonso o'zining birinchi ochkosini yana uch marotaba poygada qo'lga kiritdi Britaniya Gran-prisi.[116]The Vengriya Gran-prisi Alonso va Button mos ravishda beshinchi va to'qqizinchi o'rinlarni egallab, jamoaning mavsumdagi eng yaxshi natijasini qayd etishdi.[117][118] Biroq, McLaren Keyingi to'rtta poygada ochko to'play olmaguncha Button to'qqizinchi o'rinni egalladi Rossiya Gran-prisi. Quyida Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Gran-prisi, Tugma oltinchi o'rin bilan mavsumdagi eng yaxshi natijasini qayd etdi. Jamoa konstruktorlar reytingida 27 ochko bilan to'qqizinchi o'rinni egallab, McLaren-ning 1980 yildan buyon eng yomon ochko bilan yakunlanishiga erishdi.

Fernando Alonso uchun saralash paytida 2016 yil Malayziya Gran-prisi.
Stoffel Vandurne ichida MCL32, yangi to'q sariq va qora jigar rangini namoyish etdi.

Maklaren Alonso - Tugma juftligini saqlab qoldi 2016 mavsum. Yangilangan Honda sherikligining ikkinchi yili jamoaning birinchi 10-o'ringa doimiy ravishda da'vogarlik qilishi bilan birinchi yilga qaraganda ancha istiqbolli bo'ldi. Biroq, mavsum katta halokat bilan boshlandi Avstraliya Gran-prisi unda Fernando Alonso barqaror qovurg'a sinishi va a yiqilgan o'pka bilan to'qnashgandan keyin Esteban Gutieres va avariya to'siqlariga teskari o'girilish. Alonso jarohati natijasida Chempionatning ikkinchi davrasini o'tkazib yuborishga majbur bo'ldi Bahrayn Gran-prisi va uning o'rnini zaxira haydovchisi egalladi Stoffel Vandurne. Vandurne o'zining birinchi poygasida 10-o'rin bilan jamoaning mavsumdagi birinchi ochkosini qo'lga kiritish uchun ajoyib o'yin namoyish etdi. McLaren uchun keyingi ochkolar Rossiya Gran-prisi Alonso va Tugma mos ravishda oltinchi va 10-o'rinlarni egallashdi. Yomg'ir ta'sir qildi Monako Gran-prisi Bu jamoa uchun mavsumning eng yaxshi poygalaridan biri bo'ldi. Alonso saqlanib qolgan holda beshinchi o'rinni egalladi Niko Rosberg Uning ortida 46 tur bo'lgan Mersedes, to'qqizinchi o'rin bilan Tugma ikki ochko to'plagan. Da Avstriya Gran-prisi, Tugma ho'l va quruq mashg'ulotlarda uchinchi saralashdan so'ng oltinchi o'rin bilan mavsumdagi eng yaxshi natijasini qayd etdi. O'zlarining uy poygalarida umidsizlikka tushgandan so'ng, Britaniya Gran-prisi Silverstone-da, jamoa keyingi uch turda Vengriyada oltita, Germaniyada to'rtta va yana olti ochko to'plagan Alonsoning ettinchi o'rinni egallaganligi tufayli yana oltita ochko to'plashdi. Belgiya Gran-prisi. Da Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Gran-prisi, Maklaren Monakodagi natijasini 12 ochko bilan tenglashtirdi, Alonsoning hujum poygasi uni beshinchi o'ringa da'vogarlik qilganidan so'ng, Tugma yana to'qqizinchi o'rinni egalladi. 2015 yilga nisbatan sezilarli o'sish mavsumidan so'ng, Alonso va Button chempionatni 76 ochko bilan konstruktorlar chempionatida oltinchi o'rinda tugatgan holda mos ravishda 10 va 15-o'rinlarda yakunlashdi. 2016 yil 3 sentyabrda, Jenson tugmasi 2017 yilgi mavsum uchun Formula-1dan ta'til olishini e'lon qildi. Keyin u 25-noyabrda F1dan butunlay voz kechishini va Vandurne bilan Alonsoning 2017 yilgi yangi jamoadoshi bo'lishini tasdiqladi.

2017 yil fevral oyida Maklaren imzoladi Lando Norris ularning yosh haydovchi dasturiga.[119]

Alonso da qatnashmadi 2017 yil Monako Gran-prisi u ishtirok etganida Indianapolis 500. Buning o'rniga Jenson tugmasi uning o'rniga bitta poyga uchun qaytib keldi.[120]

2017 yil 15-sentabrda McLaren 2017-yilgi mavsum oxirida Honda bilan hamkorlikni tugatishi va etkazib beradigan dvigatellardan foydalanishni tasdiqladi. Renault.[121] Jamoa boshlig'i Erik Bulyer 2015-2017 yillar oralig'idagi yo'lakay ish faoliyatini jamoaning ishonchliligi uchun "to'g'ri ofat" deb ta'rifladi.[122] McLaren 2017 yilni jami 30 ochko bilan 9-o'rinda yakunladi.

Renault dvigatellari (2018–2020)

Fernando Alonso da McLaren uchun haydash 2018 yil Xitoy Gran-prisi

McLaren davomida e'lon qildi 2017 yilgi Singapur Gran-prisi hafta oxirida ular 2017 yilgi mavsum oxirida Honda dvigatel etkazib beruvchisidan ajralib ketishini va uch yillik shartnoma bilan ta'minlanishini kelishib oldilar. Renault.[123] 2018 ularning mashinalari Renault dvigatellari bilan ta'minlangan McLaren tarixidagi birinchi mavsum edi. Maklaren shuningdek, Fernando Alonso va Stoffel Vandurn jamoada qolishini e'lon qildi 2018 yilgi mavsum.[124][125] 2017 yil 6-noyabr kuni jamoa buni e'lon qildi Lando Norris jamoaning sinovi va zaxira haydovchisi bo'ladi.[126]

Mavsum ochilishida Avstraliya Gran-prisi, Fernando Alonso dan beri jamoaning eng yaxshi natijasini qayd etdi 2016 yil Monako Gran-prisi beshinchidan, Alonso jamoaning maqsadi bo'lishini aytdi Red Bull Racing.[127] McLaren had a relatively good start to the season with points finishes in the next four races, but in the next 16 races after Spain, McLaren only scored 22 points, 8 points less than in the same period in 2017. On 14 August 2018, Fernando Alonso announced he would not compete in Formula One in 2019, ending his four-year spell at the team.[128] Kichik Karlos Sayns was signed as his replacement on a multi-year deal.[129] On 3 September 2018, it was announced that Stoffel Vandurne would be leaving the team at the end of the season, with Lando Norris being promoted from reserve driver to replace him in 2019.[130] McLaren struggled with performance throughout the season, with the McLaren drivers being knocked out 21 times in the first qualifying session, and McLaren having the second worst average qualifying ranking of any team, only ahead of Uilyams.[131] The team finished the disappointing season – after being helped by the exclusion of Hindistonni majburlang 's points from the first 12 races – in 6th place with 62 points, 357 points behind their target, Red Bull Racing, with the same engine.

The 2019 yilgi mavsum was much more positive for McLaren, with the team securely establishing themselves as the best constructor behind Mercedes, Ferrari and Red Bull. Da Braziliya Gran-prisi, Sainz recorded the team's first podium since the 2014 yil Avstraliya Gran-prisi, finishing 4th on the road but later promoted to 3rd after Lewis Hamilton received a post-race penalty, meaning that the team missed out on the official podium ceremony.[132] McLaren ended the season in 4th place with 145 points, their best result since 2014 and 54 points ahead of their nearest competitor, Renault.

McLaren withdrew from the 2020 season-opening Avstraliya Gran-prisi after one of their team members tested positive for COVID-19.[133] The race was later cancelled due to the Covid-19 pandemiyasi.[134]

McLaren scored their second podium in three races with a third-place finish for Norris at the 2020 yil Avstriya Gran-prisi. Sainz finished the race in fifth place.

Da 2020 yilgi Italiya Gran-prisi, McLaren scored a second podium of the season with Sainz finishing second. Norris finished the race in fourth.[135]

Return to Mercedes engines (2021–)

McLaren will again use Mercedes dvigatellar 2021 after their deal with Renault ends.[136] McLaren had previously collaborated with Mercedes from 1995 through 2014.[137] Daniel Rikkardo is due to move from Renault sherik bo'lish Lando Norris uchun 2021 yil Formula-1 bo'yicha jahon chempionati ko'p yillik shartnoma bo'yicha.[138] Ricciardo is replacing Kichik Karlos Sayns, who is moving to Skuderiya Ferrari.[139]

Racing history: other series

Mumkin

The McLaren M1A sport avtomobili of 1964 was the team's first self-designed car. The 'B' version raced in Mumkin yilda 1966.

McLaren's first sports-racing car was the Group 7 M1 – with a small-block Chevrolet engine in a modified Elva chassis. The car was raced in North America and Europe in 1963 and 1964 in various G7 and United States Road Racing Championship events. For the Can-Am Series, which started in 1966, McLaren created the M3 which Bruce and Kris Amon drove – customer cars also appeared in a number of races in the 1966 yilgi mavsum. With the M3, they led two races, but scored no wins, and the inaugural title was taken by John Surtees in a Lola T70. The following year, Robin Herd purpose-designed the Chevrolet V8 bilan ishlaydi M6A, delays with the Formula One programme allowing the team to spend extra resources on developing the Can-Am car which was the first to be painted in McLaren orange. With Denny Hulme now partnering Bruce, they won five of six races and Bruce won the championship, setting the pattern for the next four years. Yilda 1968, they used a new car, the M8, to win four races; non-works McLarens took the other two, but this time Hulme was victorious overall. Yilda 1969, McLaren domination became total as they won all 11 races with the M8B; Hulme won five, and Bruce won six and the Drivers' Championship.[24] From 1969 onwards, McLaren M12 – the customer "variant" of the M8 – was driven by a number of entrants, including a version modified by Jim Hall of Chaparral fame. McLaren's success in Can-Am brought with it financial rewards, both prize money and money from selling cars to other teams, that helped to support the team and fund the nascent and relatively poor-paying Formula One programme.[24][140]

Bruce McLaren was killed testing a McLaren M8D at Gudvud 1970 yilda.

When Bruce was killed testing the 1970 yilgi mavsum 's M8D, he was at first replaced by Dan Gurney, keyinroq Piter Getin. They won two and one races, respectively, while Hulme won six on the way to the championship. Private teams competing in the 1970 Can-Am series included older M3Bs as well as the M12 – the customer version of the team's M8B. Yilda 1971, the team held off the challenge of 1969 world champion Jeki Styuart ichida Lola T260, winning eight races, with Peter Revson taking the title. Hulme also won three Can-Am races in 1972, lekin McLaren M20 tomonidan mag'lub bo'ldi Porsche 917 /10s of Mark Donox va Jorj Follmer. Faced by the greater resources of Porsche, McLaren decided to abandon Can-Am at the end of 1972 and focus solely on ochiq g'ildirak poygasi.[24] When the original Can-Am series ceased at the end of 1974, McLaren were by far the most successful constructor with 43 wins.[141]

Indianapolis 500

The McLaren M16C was driven by Peter Revson in the 1972 yil Indianapolis 500

McLaren first contested the Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlarining avtoklubi 's (USAC) Indianapolis 500 race in 1970, encouraged by their tyre supplier Goodyear, which wanted to break competitor Firestone 's stranglehold on the event. With the M15 car, Bruce, Chris Amon, and Denny Hulme entered, but after Amon withdrew and Hulme was severely burned on the hands in an incident in practice, Peter Revson and Karl Uilyams took their places in the race to retire and finish seventh, respectively. The team also contested some of the more prestigious races in the USAC championship that year, as they would do in subsequent years.[142] For 1971 they had a new car, the M16, which driver Mark Donohue said "...obsoleted every other car on track..." At that year's Indianapolis 500, Revson qualified on pole and finished second, whilst in 1972, Donohue won in xususiy Jamoa Penske 's M16B.[143] The 1973 event had Jonni Rezerford join the team; he qualified on pole, but finished ninth, Revson crashed out.[144] McLaren won their first Indianapolis 500 in 1974 with Rutherford. The McLaren and Rutherford combination was second in 1975 va yana g'alaba qozondi 1976.[145] Developments of the M16 had been used throughout this period until the new M24 car was introduced in 1977. The team did not reproduce their recent success at Indianapolis in 1977, 1978, yoki 1979, and although they continued to win other USAC races, by the end of 1979, they decided to end their involvement.[146]

The car entered by McLaren at the 2017 yil Indianapolis 500, which was driven by Fernando Alonso.

On 12 April 2017, McLaren revealed they would participate in the 2017 yil Indianapolis 500 with their current Formula 1 driver Fernando Alonso at the wheel of a Honda-powered McLaren-branded Andretti avtoulovi IndyCar.[147]In qualifying, Alonso secured a second-row start from fifth.[148] During the race Alonso led 27 laps in his first Indy 500 start. With 21 laps remaining Alonso was running seventh when his Honda engine failed.[149] He was classified 24th. After his retirement he received a standing ovation from the grandstands.[150] Alonso was praised for his strong debut.[151][152]

On 10 November 2018, McLaren announced that they would participate in the 2019 yil Indianapolis 500 with Fernando Alonso again at the wheel,[153] foydalanish Chevrolet dvigatellar.[154] However, their 2019 attempt was far less successful than their 2017 showing; after suffering mechanical difficulties and a severe crash in practice the team failed to qualify for the race (as did two other Carlin-associated entries, one with another former F1 driver (Maks Chilton ) driving).[155]

IndyCar

Asosiy maqola: Arrow McLaren SP

In August 2019, it was announced McLaren would contest the championship full-time in 2020 bilan hamkorlik qilish Arrow Schmidt Peterson Motorsports.[156]

Customer cars

The McLaren F1 GTR, competing during the 1995 BPR Global GT Series season

Besides the cars raced by the works team, a variety of McLaren racing cars have also been used by customer teams. In their formative years, McLaren built Formula Two,[157] tepalikka chiqish,[158] Formula 5000[159] and sports racing cars[160] that were sold to customers. Lacking the capacity to build the desired numbers, Troyan edi subpudrat shartnomasi to construct some of them.[157][159][160] In Can-Am, Trojan built customer versions of the M6 and M8 cars and ex-works cars were sold to privateers when new models arrived; half of the field was McLarens at some races. Muallif Mark Xyuz says, "over 220" McLarens were built by Trojan.[24] In USAC competition and Formula One, too, many teams used McLarens during the late 1960s and 1970s.[161] A 1972 M8F was rebuilt as the C8 foydalanish uchun C guruhi racing in 1982, but had little success.[162]

In the mid-1990s, McLaren Racing's sister company, McLaren Cars (now McLaren Automotive) built a racing version of their F1 yo'l avtomobili, F1 GTR g'olib bo'lgan 1995 yil 24 soatlik Le Mans and the 1995 and 1996 BPR Global GT seriyasi.[163] Yaqinda, a GT3 version of their new MP4-12C road car was announced, and will be entered by CRS Racing in the FIA GT3 Evropa chempionati.[164]

Xususiyatlari

Ron Dennis, here pictured at the 2000 yil Monako Gran-prisi, was team principal from 1980 to 2009 and was chairman of the McLaren Group 2017 yilgacha.

McLaren Racing is part of the McLaren Group which includes five other associated companies;[165] in 2009 the Group was said to have "more than 1300" employees.[166] Since 2004 the team has been based at the McLaren Technology Centre in Woking, United Kingdom.[167] Facilities there include a wind tunnel and a driving simulator which is said to be the most sophisticated in the sport.[168] The Mercedes engines were built by the car-maker's Mercedes AMG yuqori mahsuldorligi subsidiary (formerly Mercedes-Ilmor) in Brixuort, Northemptonshir.[169] Honda replaced Mercedes as McLaren's engine supplier from the 2015 season, until 2017 when they switched to Renault engines.[170] from 2021 they will be powered by Mercedes again under a long-term agreement.

Mulkchilik va boshqarish

Founded in 1963 by New Zealander Bryus Maklaren. After Bruce McLaren died in a testing accident in 1970, Teddi Mayer jamoani o'z qo'liga oldi. In 1981, McLaren merged with Ron Dennis ' To'rt poyga loyihasi; Dennis took over as team principal and shortly after organised a buyout of the original McLaren shareholders to take full control of the team.

Ron Dennis was the chairman of the Group—a role from which he resigned in 2009 before retaking it a year later.[171] He also was team principal from 1980 to 2009. Martin Uitmarsh held the role of team principal from 2009 to 2013.[172] Dennis later removed the position of team principal;[173] Erik Bulye was named racing director in January 2014, becoming responsible for the F1 team.[174] On 4 July 2018, Boullier resigned and Gil de Ferran was appointed to the new position of sporting director and Andrea Stella as Performance Director.[175] 2019 yil 1 mayda Andreas Zaydl was appointed as team principal.[176]

On 16 January 2014, it was announced that Ron Dennis had returned to the role of Group CEO of McLaren, combining his current role as Chairman of McLaren Group.

On 21 November 2016, Zak Brown was announced as the new executive director of McLaren Technology Group[177] keyin Ron Dennis was forced out. Instead of directly replacing Dennis as CEO, Brown will report directly to the group's Executive Committee. Both Jonathan Neale (chief operating officer) and Brown will jointly lead the businesses as part of the first step in the Group's transition to a new organisational structure.

On 10 April 2018, Brown became the CEO of McLaren Racing, as part of an operational restructure of the McLaren Group. Under the new management structure, racing director Eric Boullier will report directly to Brown.[178][179]

McLaren Racing Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of McLaren Group. In 2000, Mercedes's parent company DaimlerChrysler bought a 40% share of McLaren Group, which Daimler AG maintained until 2009 when they bought out the championship-winning Brawn team and began to sell back their McLaren stake.[180][181]

2019 yil fevral oyidan boshlab, the Bahrain royal family's Mumtalakat investment company owns 56% of McLaren Group, Mansour Ojjeh (TAG Group) owns 14%, Michael Latifi owns 10% and minor shareholders owning the rest.[182]

Siyosat

McLaren has had an uneasy relationship with the Formula One's governing body, the FIA, and its predecessor FISA, as well as with the commercial rights holder of the sport. In the early 1980s, McLaren were involved, along with the other teams of the Formula-1 konstruktorlar assotsiatsiyasi (FOCA), in a dispute over control of the sport with FISA and the teams of car manufacturers Alfa Romeo, Renault, and Ferrari. Bu sifatida tanilgan edi FISA-FOCA urushi and had a breakaway series threatened, FISA refusing to sanction one race, and another race boycotted by FOCA. It was eventually resolved by a revenue-sharing deal called the Concorde Agreement.[183][184][185] Subsequent Concorde Agreements were signed in 1987 and 1992, but in 1996, McLaren were again one of the teams pitched into dispute over the terms of a new agreement, this time with former FOCA president Berni Ekklstoun "s Formula One Promotions and Administration tashkilot. McLaren rejected the Concorde Agreement of 1997 before signing a new 10-year agreement in 1998.[186] Arguments over the commercial structure and regulations in the sport restarted in the mid-2000s with McLaren and their part-owner Mercedes again amongst teams threatening to start a rival series until 2009 when another Concorde Agreement, effective until the end of 2012, was settled upon.[187] In 2007, McLaren were involved in an josuslik nizosi after their chief designer Mayk Coughlan obtained confidential technical information from Ferrari. McLaren was excluded from the Constructors' Championship and fined US$100 million.[101][188]

Sponsorship, naming, and livery

McLaren's Formula One team was sponsored for 23 years by Philip Morris's Marlboro cigarette brand.

McLaren's Formula One team was originally called Bruce McLaren Motor Racing, and for their first season ran white-and-green coloured cars, which came about as a result of a deal with the makers of the film Gran-pri.[189]

Orasida 1968 va 1971, the team used an orange design, which was also applied to cars competing in the Indianapolis 500 and Can-Am series, and was used as an interim testing livery in later years.[189][190][191]

Yilda 1968, Royal Automobile Club and the FIA relaxed the rules regarding commercial sponsorship of Formula One cars, and in 1972, Londonning Yardli cosmetics company became McLaren's first title sponsor.[192][193] As a result, the livery was changed to a predominantly white one to reflect the sponsor's colours.[194] This changed in 1974, when Philip Morris joined as title sponsor through their Marlboro cigarette brand, whilst one car continued to run—ostensibly by a separate team—with Yardley livery for the year.[193] Marlboro's red-and-white branding lasted until 1996, during which time the team went by various names incorporating the word "Marlboro", making it the then longest-running Formula One sponsorship (and still the longest title sponsorship, which has since been surpassed by Ugo Boss ' sponsorship of the team, which ran from 1981 ga 2014 ).[195][196][197][198]

Yilda 1997, Philip Morris moved its Marlboro sponsorship to Ferrari and was replaced by Reemtsma's G'arb cigarette branding, with the team entering under the name G'arbiy McLaren Mercedes.[199] As a result, McLaren adopted a silver and black livery.

By mid-2005, a Evropa Ittifoqi ko'rsatmasi taqiqlangan tamaki reklama in sport, which forced McLaren to end its association with West.[200] Yilda 2006, the team competed without a title sponsor, entering under the name Team McLaren Mercedes. McLaren altered their livery to introduce red into the design, and changed the silver to chrome.

Yilda 2007, McLaren signed a seven-year contract with telecommunications company Vodafone, and became known as Vodafone McLaren Mercedes.[201] The arrangement was due to last until 2014, although the team announced at the 2013 yil Avstraliya Gran-prisi that their partnership would conclude at the end of the 2013 mavsum.[202] Despite explaining the decision to conclude the sponsorship as being a result of Vodafone's desire to reconsider its commercial opportunities, it was later reported that the decision to run the 2012 yil Bahrayn Gran-prisi in spite of an ongoing civil uprising va protests against the race, and Vodafone's inability to remove their logos from the McLaren cars during the race as being a key factor in the decision to terminate the sponsorship.[203] Diageo -owned whisky brand Johnnie Walker, an associate sponsor since 2005, offered to take over as title sponsor at the end of 2013, but their offer of £43m was turned down by McLaren chairman Ron Dennis, who believed it to be "too small."[204]

At the end of 2015, it was announced that McLaren were due to lose sponsor TAG Heuer to Red Bull Racing. McLaren chief Ron Dennis later admitted to falling out with TAG Heuer CEO Jean-Claude Biver. In 2015 McLaren were without a title sponsor, and set to lose a further £20m in sponsorship in 2016.[204] Between 2015 and 2017 the team competed as McLaren Honda due to their partnership with that engine manufacturer.[205] The Team has competed as McLaren since 2018.[206]

Yilda 2019, British American Tobacco announced a "global partnership" agreement with McLaren under its Ertaga yaxshiroq campaign, relating to elektron sigaretalar and related alternative smoking products;[207] due to the tobacco association, the agreement has enticed a similar controversy to the Mission Winnow branding used by Scuderia Ferrari.[208] In July 2020, McLaren announced a multi-year strategic partnership with Gulf Oil International.[209]

McLaren's cars were originally named with the letter M followed by a number, sometimes also followed by a letter denoting the model.[210] After the 1981 merger with Project Four, the cars were called "MP4/x", or since 2001 "MP4-x",[211] where x is the generation of the chassis (e.g. MP4/1, MP4-22 ). "MP4" stood initially for "Marlboro Ployiha 4",[212] so that the full title of the cars (McLaren MP4/x) reflected not only the historical name of the team, but also the names of the team's major sponsor and its new component part. Since the change of title sponsor in 1997, "MP4" was said to stand for "McLaren Ployiha 4".[213] From 2017, following Ron Dennis' departure from the team, the naming scheme of the cars changed to "MCL" followed by a number.[214] The colour scheme was also changed to orange and black to reflect both McLaren's corporate colours and their original liveries.

McLaren yosh haydovchi dasturi

Asosiy maqola: McLaren yosh haydovchi dasturi

2020 yil 9 mart holatiga ko'ra, there are no drivers currently signed to the McLaren Young Driver Programme.[215][216]

Poyga natijalari

Formula-1 natijalari

Asosiy maqola: McLaren Gran-prisining natijalari
  • Constructors' Championships winning percentage: 14.5%
  • Drivers' Championships winning percentage: 21.8%
  • Winning percentage: 20.7%

Drivers' champions

Seven drivers have won a total of twelve Drivers' Championships with McLaren:[218]

American open-wheel racing results

(kalit)

YilShassiDvigatelShinalarHaydovchilar123456789101112131415161718
1970McLaren M15Offenhauzer 159 I4 tGPHX1O'g'ilTRE1INDYMIL1LANCDRMIKIRPSPRMIL2ONTDQSFISFSEDTRE2SACPHX2
Yangi Zelandiya Kris AmonDNQ
Qo'shma Shtatlar Piter Revson228
Yangi Zelandiya Denni XulmeDNQ
Qo'shma Shtatlar Karl Uilyams9
Yangi Zelandiya Bryus MaklarenDNQ
1971McLaren M16AOffenhauzer 159 I4 tGRAFPHX1TRE1INDYMIL1POCMIKMIL2ONTTRE2PHX2
Yangi Zelandiya Denni Xulme17
Qo'shma Shtatlar Gordon Jonkok27
Qo'shma Shtatlar Piter Revson2217
1972McLaren M16AOffenhauzer 159 I4 tGPHXTREINDYMILMIKPOCMILONTTREPHX
Qo'shma Shtatlar Gordon Jonkok3
McLaren M16B209221320
Qo'shma Shtatlar Piter Revson313123
1973McLaren M16COffenhauzer 159 I4 tGTXSTREINDYMILPOCMIKMILONTMIKTRETXSPHX
Qo'shma Shtatlar Piter Revson312123
Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni Rezerford4159552181313142DNQ
1974McLaren M16C/DOffenhauzer 159 I4 tGONTPHX1TRE1INDYMIL1POCMIC1MIL2MIC2TRE2TRE3PHX2
Birlashgan Qirollik Devid Xobbs5
Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni Rezerford12776111459477
1975McLaren M16EOffenhauzer 159 I4 tGONTPHX1TRE1INDYMIL1POCMIC1MIL2MIC2TRE2PHX2
Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni Rezerford217122366132311
1976McLaren M16EOffenhauzer 159 I4 tGPHX1TRE1INDYMIL1POCMIC1TXS1TRE2MIL2ONTMIC2TXS2PHX2
Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni Rezerford1811942373211116
1977McLaren M24Kosvort DFX V8 tGONT1PHX1TXS1TREINDYMIL1POCMOSMIC1TXS2MIL2ONT2MIC2PHX2
Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni Rezerford251483315931124222
1978McLaren M24BKosvort DFX V8 tGPHX1ONT1TXS1TRE1INDYMOSMIL1POCMIC1ATLTXS2MIL2ONT2MIC2TRE2SILBRHPHX2
Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni Rezerford16131910138221228111311531
1979McLaren M24BKosvort DFX V8 tGPHXATLINDYTREMCHWGLTREONTMCHATLPHX
Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni Rezerford3111815331115544116
McLaren-Honda -Andretti
2017Dallara DW12Honda HI17TT V6 tFSTPLBHALAPHXIMSINDYDETTEXNIKAROAIOWTORMDOPOCGATWGLSNM
Ispaniya Fernando Alonso124
McLaren Racing
2019Dallara DW12Chevrolet V6 tFSTPCOAALALBHIMSINDYDETTXSRDATORIOWMDOPOCGTWPORLAG
Ispaniya Fernando AlonsoDNQ
Arrow McLaren SP
2020Dallara DW12Chevrolet V6 tFTEXNIKAIMSROAIOWINDYGTWMDOIMSSTP
Meksika Patricio O'Ward12882L*4L12L63L*2L119225
Qo'shma Shtatlar Oliver Askew926152136L30L14171915
Ispaniya Fernando Alonso21
Braziliya Elio Kastroneves2021
  1. ^ Bilan birgalikda Andretti avtoulovi.
  2. ^ Bilan birgalikda Arrow Schmidt Peterson Motorsports.

American open-wheel racing wins

#FaslSanaSanctionTrack / RaceYo'qG'olib haydovchiShassiDvigatelShinalarTarmoqLed Laps
1197326 avgustUSACOntario 500 Qualification Heat 2 (O)7Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear121
216 sentyabrUSACMichigan Speedway Twin 125s #2 (O)7Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear249
319743 martUSACOntario 500 Qualification Heat 2 (O)3Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear14
426 mayUSACIndianapolis 500 (O)3Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear25122
59 iyunUSACMiluoki mil (O)3Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear258
630 iyunUSACPokono 500 (O)3Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear25122
7197516 martUSACFeniks xalqaro yugurish yo'li (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear297
Bosimining ko'tarilishi27 aprelUSACTrenton International Speedway (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear269
819762 mayUSACTrenton International Speedway (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16COffenhauzerGoodyear260
930 mayUSACIndianapolis 500 (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16EOffenhauzerGoodyear148
1031 oktyabrUSACTexas Jahon Speedway (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M16EOffenhauzerGoodyear69
11197727 martUSACFeniks xalqaro yugurish yo'li (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24Kosvort DFX V8 tGoodyear151
1212 iyunUSACMiluoki mil (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24Cosworth DFX V8tGoodyear2103
1331 iyulUSACTexas Jahon Speedway (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24Cosworth DFX V8tGoodyear281
1421 avgustUSACMiluoki mil (O)2Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24Cosworth DFX V8tGoodyear329
15197816 iyulUSACMichigan International Speedway (O)4Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24BCosworth DFX V8tGoodyear253
1628 oktyabrUSACFeniks xalqaro yugurish yo'li (O)4Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24BCosworth DFX V8tGoodyear367
17197922 aprelARAVAAtlanta Motor Speedway 1-poyga (O)4Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24BCosworth DFX V8tGoodyear130
1822 aprelARAVAAtlanta Motor Speedway Race 2 (O)4Qo'shma Shtatlar Jonni RezerfordMcLaren M24BCosworth DFX V8tGoodyear161

Adabiyotlar

Izohlar

  1. ^ O'z ichiga oladi John Surtees ' fastest lap in the 1970 yil Janubiy Afrika Gran-prisi in a non-works McLaren.
  2. ^ Hozirgi jamoa Mercedes first competed in 1954 –1955, but did not race again until 2010.[19]
  3. ^ a b v d e f g h Individual driver numbers were not allocated at the time, as numbers differed by event.

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Bibliografiya

Tashqi havolalar

Sport pozitsiyalari
Oldingi
Lotus		 Formula-1 konstruktorlari chempioni
1974		Muvaffaqiyatli
Ferrari
Oldingi
Ferrari		 Formula-1 konstruktorlari chempioni
1984 –1985		Muvaffaqiyatli
Uilyams
Oldingi
Uilyams		 Formula-1 konstruktorlari chempioni
1988 –1989 –1990 –1991		Muvaffaqiyatli
Uilyams
Oldingi
Uilyams		 Formula-1 konstruktorlari chempioni
1998		Muvaffaqiyatli
Ferrari